Unit 1Paras 1-3 The writer views his life in the country as a self-reliant and satisfying one.Paras 4-7Life in the country is good yet sometimes very hard.Paras 8-11After quitting his job, the writer's income was reduced, but he and his family were able to manage to get by.Paras 12-15A tolerance for solitude and a lot of energy have made it possible for the family to enjoy their life in the country.2.1) growing nearly all their fruits and vegetables2) canoeing, picnicking, long bicycle rides, etc.3) keeping warm inside the house in winter4) writing freelance articles5)earning enough money while maintaining a happy family life1) working hard both in winter and in summer2) harsh environment and weather condition3) anxious moments after the writer quit his job4) cutting back on daily expenses5) solitude1. 1) house2) Home3) home, family4) household1) doubt2) suspected3) doubted 4) suspected5) suspect1) rise3) regular5) hows, whys7) yellowed9) lower2) final4) cash6) upped8) bottled10) search1.1) when it comes to changing your life2) when it comes to such matters as keeping the room tidy3) when it comes to emotional intelligence4) when it comes to managing minor matters2. 1) Not everyone agrees on what is right and what is wrong2) but, unfortunately, money isn't everything3) not all Americans like them4) Not all people share the same interests1. gets by3. get through5. improvements7. suspect9. profit11. spraying2. temptation4. picked up6.??aside from8.??supplement10. primarily12. stacking1. While3. begin2. escape4. Because/As5. quit6. start7. on8. but (also)9. be10. close11. have12. cutting13. cook/prepare14. cities15. however16. familyA decade ago, Nancy did what so many Americans dream about. She quit an executive position and opened / set up a?household?equipment store in her neighborhood. People like Nancy made the decision?primarily?because of/owing to/due to their desire to improve the quality of their lives.But, to run a small business is by no means an easy job. Without her steady income, Nancy had tocut back?on her daily expenses. Sometimes she did not even have the money to pay the?premiums?for the variouskinds of?insurance?she needed. Once she could not even?pick up?the phone bill and had to ask her parents to loan her some money. Fortunately, through her own hard work, she has now?got through?the most difficult time. She is determined to continue?pursuing?her vision of a better life.?Part III TextBComprehension Checkl.a??2. c 3.d???4. b 5. a??6. ctranslation(#JE Appendix III)Language Practice1. In addition????2. roast?3.percentage5.cable7.get along9.whip up111.commute13.taken over15. mushroomed 17.fried19.array4. entertainment 6. at one time 8. missed out on 3k 10. as a result 12. rent14. make sense 16. go with 18. dizzy20. gaspedPart IV Theme-Related Language Learning TasksModel paperRecent Changes in Chinese Family LifeGreat changes have taken place in Chinese family life in the past twenty years. In my parents' words, the difference between their childhood and mine is as vast as that between heaven and earth.When my parents were young, there was no TV, no computers nor any other electronic appli ances in their home. Their food was simple and their clothing plain. What is unbelievable to young people today is that they seldom dined out in a restaurant, or traveled to a scenic spot for a holiday.In contrast to family life one generation ago, each family in China today has at least one TV set and many have been equipped with telephones, computers, even cars. While the senior members of a family watch films on TV at home, the younger members like to play computer games or talk to their friends who may live thousands of miles from them.The changes in Chinese family life mirror the economic development of our country. Without the prosperity of the whole country, our family life would probably be just the same as before. Times have changed, andchanged, most would surely agree with me, for the better.Unit 2Part I??Pre-Reading TaskScript for the recording:The song you are going to listen to is called?Abraham, Martin & John,?sung by Dion.Abraham, Martin & JohnDionHas anybody here,Seen my old friend Abraham,Can you tell me, where he's gone,He freed a lotta people,But it seems the good die young,I just loohed around,And he's gone,Has anybody here,Seen my old friend John,Can you tell me, where he's gone,He freed a lotta people,But it seems the good die young,I just loohed around,And he' s gone,Has anybody here,Seen my old friend Martin,Appendix??I??????- 95 -Can you tell me, where he's gone,He freed a lotta people,But it seems the good die young,I just looked around,And he's gone,Didn't you love the things they stood for,Didn't they try to find some good for you and me,And we'll?he?free,Someday soon it's gonna be one day,Has anybody here,Seen my old friend Bothy,Can you tell me, where he's gone,I thought I saw him walhin' up over the hill, With Ahrah am, Martin and John.The unit we are going to study is all about civil-rights heroes. The song you have just heard is about four of them. Can you guess who they are? All are American. All are dead, all, as the song says, "gone". How aboutAbraham? Dion says he freed a lot of people. That's one clue. Another comes when she quotes the proverb: "the good die young." So it seems Abraham died young. My guess is Dion has in mind Abraham Lincoln, the American president who freed the slaves and was assassinated. How about John, another leader who helped people to free themselves? He too died young. Can you guess who it might be? President John F. Kennedy seems most likely. He too supported civil rights. He too died young, assassinated like Lincoln.Now who could Martin be? Another civil-rights leader who died young, once again assassi nated. A great speaker comes to mind. Who do you think? Martin Luther King, surely. And finally, Bobby. Bobby who? Probably Dion is thinking of Bobby Kennedy, John Kennedy's brother, another supporter of civil rights. He was running for president when, like his brother before him, he too was gunned down.- 96 -????????Appendix???IPart II Text AText OrganizationPartsParagraphsMain IdeasPart OneParas 1-5It is high time to honor the heroes who helped liberate slaves by forging the Underground Railroad in the early civil-rights struggles in America. Part TwoParas 6-23By citing examples the author praises the exploits of civil-rights heroes who helped slaves travel the Underground Railroad to freedom.2. Story 1 (Paras 6-10):???After winning his own freedom from slavery, John Parker helped otherslaves to escape north to Canada to get freedom.Story 2 (Paras 11-15): Supported by a strong religious conviction, the white man Levi Coffin helped black slaves to escape at huge risk to himself.Story 3 (Paras 16-23): By traveling the Underground Railroad, Josiah Henson reached his destination and became free at last.V ocabularyI.???1. 1) decades????????????????????????????????????????????2) historic3) imposed????????????????????????????????????????????4) racial5) slender???????????????????????????????????????????????6) closing in on7) settlement??????????????????????????????????????????8) site9) mission???????????????????????????????????????????10) authorized 11) terminal??????????????????????????????????????????12) make the best of13) exploits??????????????????????????????????????????????14) religious15) on the side2.??1) pass for??????????????????????????????????????????2) stood up for3) laid down??????????????????????????????????????????4) take onAppendix??I?????- 97 -5) let (us) down?????????????????????????????????????6) draw on7) come up?????????????????????????????????????????????8) given up 3.???1) The Europeans are fully confident that the Americans will not be able to justify their mea-sures to protect the struggling American steel industry. 2)????????Clinton is, in the eyes of Joe Klein, staff writer of the?New Yorker?and author of?The Natural,?the most talented politician of his generation and the most compelling.3)????????There's not much you can do if people are really intent ondestroying themselves with drugs.4)???A different experience of the world could forge a completely different approach to life.5)????????It is our conviction that cloning of human beings is bound to cause many ethical and social problems in the long run.4.???1)?As for?the protection of these endangered species, many countries?do not compel?fisher-men to report accidental?capture of?small cetaceans (H §?%}$})?in their nets, so signifi cant catches may go unnoticed for years. To deal with this problem, animal protectionists?have forgedan international alliance. On the other hand they have urged the United Nations to lay down more specific laws to save these animals.2)???????It was reported that food supplies would soon run out and most of the victims of the earthquake?would starve?to death.?At huge risk, a group of volunteers from the Red Cross took onthe mission?to?transport?food, clothes and medicine to the most seriously hit areas.3)???????A rally was going to be held in honor of the 16th?US President Abraham Lincoln?whoabolished?slavery in 1863 and?liberated?the slaves in the South.?In the eyes of?many African-Americans, Lincoln was America's greatest president thanks to his outstanding?exploits.II. Words with Multiple Meanings1.?????????I'll tell you about my research project in a minute, but first let's hear about your French trip.2.?????????Most McDonald's look almost the same on the outside, but actually there are about 16 differ ent basic designs.3.?????????Loaning money from the banks is but one of the methods we can use to get through a financial crisis.4.?????????This second-hand car has been nothing but trouble; it's always breaking down.5.?????????In your resume you've mentioned everything but one vital point.6.?????????Our technicians have discovered a simple but effective solution to the problem.7.?????????I am sorry, but I think you shouldn't have delayed your homework.8.?????????The bankruptcy of the company was not caused by evil, but by simple ignorance.- 9$ -?????????Appendix??IIII.?Usage1. lonely????????????????????????????????????????????????????2. friendly3. weekly, monthly????????????????????????????????????4. lovely5. cowardly????????????????????????????????????????????????6. kindly / saintly7. lively??????????????????????????????????????????????????????8. motherlyStructure1.???1) A letter posted today will probably reach him the day after tomorrow.2)????????Thus encouraged, we made a still bolder plan for the next year.3)???Our government has banned imports of cosmetics containing animal products from 18 coun tries, mostly in Europe, for fear that they could cause mad cow disease.4)???Having graduated from St. Mary's College, Joyce applied to the University of California at Los Angeles.2.???1) Often it is in overcoming hardships that we come to appreciate the value of life.2)????????Some scientists believe that people will come to like genetically modified crops someday since they can increase yields and farmers' incomes, reduce prices and help combat hunger and disease in the developing countries.3)????????With repeated hackers' attacks on our system, we have come to realize the necessity of hiring a computer-security expert.4)???Having conducted some surveys in Chinese kindergartens, Howard Gardner came to under stand that the Chinese preferred "teaching by holding the hand".Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze(A)1. Underground????????????????????????????????????????2. forged3. stand up????????????????????????????????????????????????4. transport5. compelled?????????????????????????????????????????????6. convictions7. liberating???????????????????????????????????????????????8. mission9. abolish?????????????????????????????????????????????????10. intent on11. risk(B)1. who??????????????????????????????????????????????????????2. theAppendix??I??????- 99 -3. along????????????????????????????????????????????????????4. in5. that??????????????????????????????????????????????????????6. through7. not???????????????????????????????????????????????????????8. as 9.??referred???????????????????????????????????????????????10. escape11. where??????????????????????????????????????????????????12. If 13. in?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????14. even15. until??????????????????????????????????????????????????????16. instead17. asII. TranslationHenson's?painful?life as a slave strengthened his determination to struggle for freedom. Shortly after he achieved freedom he became a member of an organization that assisted fugitive slaves. He secretly returned to the United States from Canada several times to help others to travel theUnderground?Railroad to freedom. Once some slave catchers?closed in on?the escaping slaves and Henson when they were on the run. He?disguised?them and successfully avoided?capture. In addition, later he built a small?settlement?in Dresden in Canada for escaped slaves, setting up a chapel and a school where they could learn useful ways of making a living. He held to the?conviction?that slavery wouldbe?abolished, all the slaves would be?liberated, and the day was bound to come whenracial?discrimination no longer existed.Part III TextBComprehension Check1. a??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????2. d3. c??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????4. d5. b??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????6. bTranslation(#J& Appendix?III)Language Practice1. remarkable??????????????????????????????????????????????2. commitment3. flourish???????????????????????????????????????????????????4. resulted from- 100 -????????Appendix??I?5. grave6. In the midst of7. enforce8. recovery9. guarantee10. remedy11. discriminate12. with each passing day13. unlike14. subjected to15. at best16. plays up17. come a long way18. do well19. against all the odds20. In this contextPart IV Theme-Related Language Learning TasksModel paperThe Civil-Rights Movement in the U.S.Black Africans were first brought as slaves to what was to become the United States in the seventeenth century. Slavery was strongest in the South, where large plantations grew cotton, tobacco, and other crops. Towards the end of the eighteenth century, a growing demand for cottonled to an increase in the demand for slaves in the region. Slavery was less profitable in the North, however, and much of the opposition to slavery came from the northern states. The tension between the North and the South over the issue of slavery led to the Civil War in 1861.With the victory of the North, slavery was abolished. Discrimination, however, did not end. Black Americans were treated as second class citizens, especially in the South. Dissatisfaction with unfair treatment eventually led to the civil rights protests of the 1950s and 1960s that brought about government action aimed at reducing discrimination.As a result, African Americans have come a long way in the last fifty years, but they still find themselves at a disadvantage in comparison with Americans of European descent. Only 17 per cent of the black population are able to finish higher education, in contrast to 28 per cent of whites. Incomes for the average white family were just over $44,000 in 1999. For an average black family, however, the figure was in the region of $25,000. Not one of the chief executive officers of the top 500 companies is black. Anyway, the civil-rights movement in the U.S. still has a long way to go. (254 words)Appendix??I?????Unit 3Part I Pre-Reading TaskScript for the recording:The song you are about to hear is all about a "Saturday Night Special". Listen and see if you can guess what a Saturday Night Special is. Saturday Night SpecialLynyrd SkynyrdTwo feets1 they come a-creepin' 2 Like a black cat do. Ana two bodies are layin' naked, Creeper thinks lie's got nothin' to lose.So he creeps into the house, yean, And unlocks the door, And as a man's reachin' for his trousers Snoots him full or 38 holes.It's the Saturday Night Special, Got a barrel that's blue and cold. Ain't no good for nothing4 But put a man six feet in a hole.Big Jim's keen a-drinkin' whiskey, And playin' poker on a losin' night,1 Two feets: Normally we say two feet.2 a-creepin: in the state of creeping, "a-", here, is a prefix meaning "in the state or process of.3 38 refers to a 38 calibre (P S) handgun or pistol.4 Ain't no good for nothing: a non-standard way of saying "They are good for nothing"- 102 - Appendix IAnd pretty soon ol' Jim starts thinkin' Somebody's been cheatin' and lyin' .So big Jim commenced to fightin'1,I wouldn't tell you no lies.big Jim done pulled his pistol,Snot his friend right between the eyes.It's the Saturday Night Special, Got a barrel that's blue and cold. Ain't no good for nothin' But put a man six feet in a hole.On, that's a Saturday Night Special,For twenty dollars you can buy yourself one, too.Hand guns are made for till in , They ain't no good for nothin' else. And if you like to drink your whiskey You might even shoot yourself.So why don't we dump'em people To the bottom of the sea Before some ol' fool come around here, Wanna shoot either you or me.It's the Saturday night specialYou got a barrel that's blue and coldYou ain't good for nothin'But put a man six feet in a bole.It's the Saturday night specialAnd I'd like to tell you what you could do with itAnd that's the end of the song.The unit we are going to study, like the song you have just heard, is all about the threat of crime. It starts with a burglar creeping into a house at night. The couple in the house have gone to bed as the song says. Despitecreeping the burglar must have awoken the man, for he is getting up, "reachin' for his trousers", when the burglar shoots him several times, "full of holes".1 So big Jim commenced to fightin': Normally we say "Big Jim commenced to fight or commenced fighting".Appendix I - 103-Which brings us to the "Saturday Night Special", with its "barrel blue and cold", a handgun. Despite calling it by such a familiar name, it's clear the singer has no time for the handgun. He sings of it as being good for nothing but sending people to their grave, putting a man down "six feet in a hole".From the dangers of burglars with guns, the singer moves on to how dangerous guns can be when drinking leads to violence. We hear the story of Big Jim, the gambler. As he gets drunk, Big Jim starts to suspect he is losing at cards because others are cheating. He gets into an argument and reaches for his Saturday Night Special. He shoots his friend "right between the eyes".Pistols in America are cheap at just twenty dollars, but the singer warns against having one. Those foolish enough to do so are not only a danger to others, but also a danger to themselves, for, as he sings, "if you like to drink your whiskey, you may even shoot yourself."Part II Text AText Organization1. 1) Doors are not left unlocked either in cities or in rural areas.2) Dead-bolt locks, security chains, electronic alarm systems and trip wires are widely in use.3) Suburban families have steel bars built in sliding glass doors.4) Small notices warning against burglary are commonly seen pasted on the windows of the most pleasant of homes.5) Access cards are required of those who work with medium to large-size companies.6) Airport security uses electronic X-ray equipment to guard against terrorism.7) Businessmen employ new machines linked up to their telephone to help determine whether the caller is telling lies or not.8) Suburban housewives wear rape whistles on their key chains.2.PartsParagraphsMain IdeasPart OneParas 1-3In America, the era of leaving the front door on the latch has drawn to a close.Part TwoParas 4-15A new atmosphere of fear and distrust has crept into every aspect of daily life. As a result, security de-- 104 - Appendix Ivices, in varied forms, are put to use.Part Three Paras 16-19By locking our fears out, we become prisoners of our own making.V ocabulary1.1) tranquil3) by a small margin5) rural7) era9) without so much as11) barricaded13) error15) Bathed in2. 1) bring about3) cut off5) wear (the other) down7) put up2) analyze4)civilize6)closed up8)paste10)sideways12)hook up to14)chart2) looked back on4) fit into6) lies in8) stand for3. 1) A certain gene which is likely to make people vulnerable to asthma has been found byresearchers at the Department of Clinical Medicine in Oxford.2) A wardrobe with mirrored doors had to be built in so as to make their small bedroom look larger.3) The NBC show's opening shots feature the space shuttle Challenger blowing up in January 1986—killing all seven crew.4) Colds can be held at bay by increasing your intake of fruit and vegetables which are both low in calories and rich in Vitamin C.5) Energy difficulties are a major barrier to the country's economic growth due to the fact that imported oil has absorbed 40% of its foreign exchange / because imported oil has absorbed 40% of its foreign exchange.4. 1) Jacob looked back on his summer holidays spent on the Big Island of Hawaii with itsbeautiful landscape and tranquil atmosphere as a rare escape from the madness of urban life.2) I was puzzled by the word "e-mail" when I came across it for the first time years ago. "What is an e-mail? What on earth does the letter 'e' here stand for?" I asked myself. Later, I got to know that e-mail is a system for communicating messages by electronic rather than physical means.Appendix I - 105 -3) Mr. Smith has, over the years, established his name as a successfulused-car dealer in the minds of local people. He places regular though small advertisements in newspapers fea turing affordable second-hand cars, vans and trucks. At the back of his premises he owns a used-car lot (停车场) which faces a deserted street.II. Collocation1. away2. inside/in3. forward/through4. back5. off6. home7. back, down 8. in, outIII. Usage1. Internet is not such an unusual word as it used to be.2. Most men do not look unattractive in them.3. Wealthy as she is, she is not unconcerned by her sudden unemployment.4. This claim is not unrealistic in view of a sharp decrease in the city's violent crimes.5. His poor health is not unrelated to his unhealthy way of life. Structure1.1) It never occurred to me to ask him what was intended by that remark.I thought he was just joking.2) It occurred to me that the names of their children—Rose, Lily and Daisy—were the names of flowers.3) When he heard her say so, it occurred to him that for convenience he also could contact the local travel agency and ask them to take care of everything.4) Has it never occurred to you that the problems in the Middle East are complicated and difficult to solve?2.1) If they don't agree to work extra hours for no extra pay, chances are that they will be dismissed.2) Research is being carried out on the disease and progress is being made at present. Chances are that there will be a cure within the next ten years.3) If you are eating lots of fatty food, chances are that you'll put on several pounds in a matter of weeks.4) He left his office an hour ago but hasn't got home yet. Chances are that he's got stuck in a traffic jam.- 106 - Appendix IComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze(A)1. Statistics3. era5. on the latch 7. barriers9. electronic11. puzzle(B)1. worse / scarier 3. Yes / True 5. from7. every9. say11. chances 13. when15. Don't2. rural4. stood for6. vulnerable 8. at bay10. reflection12. civilized2. tougher / harder4. barricading6. not8. However10. back / at bay12. Therefore14. leave16. head/brainsII. TranslationA burglary is reported every 15 seconds in the United States. Statistics show burglars en tered more than 2 million homes last year. Actually it is almost impossible to keep a determined burglar out. All you can do is discourage him for a few minutes, thus exposing him to police patrols or those wandering around. Common sense tells us that lighting is a barrier to criminal activity. A light should be fixed in the doorway and switched on at night. Believe it or not, some people, particularly children who happen to be the last to come in, leave their doors on the latch at night. Doors of hollow core, even when locked, are vulnerable to break-ins. Thus doors of solid core or steel are much preferred as they make it difficult for the burglar to pry open. If you decide to buy an alarm device,be sure to ask for its signs and put them up on both windows and doors. Finally, a word of warning—when you travel, make sure that you have a trusted neighbor collect and keep all the deliveries of newspapers and mail until you return. This is because a collection of newspapers and mail on the front doorstep or in your mailbox is an advertisement that no one is home.Appendix I - 107 -Part III TextBComprehension Check1. b3. b 5. a2. b 4. d 6. dtranslation(#JE Appendix III)Language Practice1. impact3. draw the line at5. circumstance7. take the plunge9. aggressive11. advocated13. departed15. target17. head for19. on the line2. inflicted4. recommend6. break into8. conclude / have concluded 10. confirm12. insure14. in our favor16. count on18. Under no circumstances 20. aimed atPart IV Theme-Related Language Learning TasksModel paperWhy We Are against Gun ControlShould Americans oppose gun control? Of course we should. The gun is the great equalizer. It does not matter whether you are a big tough man ora small frail woman. With a gun in your hand you stand at the same height.What's more, it is the foundation of our nation. Without it there would be no Republic as it is,- 108 - Appendix Ifor we would never have been able to drive the Indians off the land without shooting so many of them down. Nor would the West have been won. Who would have dared venture into lands unpro tected by the law if they had not been able to protect themselves with a gun? The spirit of our nation thrives on aggressive individuals who are ready to stand up for themselves and to fight for their rights. Look at our films. What do we enjoy watching? People shooting one another. True, children occasionally get hold of guns and slaughter their classmates. But if only their classmates had been properly armed, they could have fought back. It was gun control that left them defenceless.Unit?4Part I??Pre-Reading TaskScript for the recording:Every child likes listening to stories. Zoe, a girl with wings, is no exception. Listen carefully and see what story her father is going to tell her.。
