2017年6月大学英语四级考试(第3套)

(25 minutes)2017 年 6 月大学英语四级真题及答案详解（ 第一套 ）Part I Writing ( 请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试 )Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a computer you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand,specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact information.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在 答题卡 1 上作答。

2017年06月大学英语四级考试真题(第1套)Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a computer you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part ⅡListening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section A Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A. The man in the car was absent-minded.B. The test driver made a wrong judgement.C. The self-driving system was faulty.D. The car was moving at a fast speed.2.A. They have done better than conventional.B. They have caused several severe crashes.C. They have posed a threat to other drivers.D. They have generally done quite well.3.A. He works at a national park.B. He is a queen bee specialist.C. He removed the beyond from the boot.D. He drove the bees away from his car.4.A. They were looking after the queen.B. They were making a lot of noise.C. They were looking for a new box to live in.D. They were dancing in a unique way.5.A. The discovery of a new species of snake.B. The second trip to a small remote island.C. The finding of 2 new species of frog.D. The latest test on a rare animal species.6.A. A poisonous snake attacked him on this field trip.B. He discovered a rare fog on a deserted island.C. A snake crawled onto his head in his sleep.D. He fell from a tall palm tree by accident.7.A. From its genes.B. From its length.C. From its origin.D. From its colour.8.A. The security check takes time.B. He has to check a lot of luggage.C. His flight is leaving in less than 2 hours.D. The airport is a long way from the hotel.9.A. In cash.B. By credit card.C. With a traveler’s check.D. With his smart phone.10.A. Give him a receipt.B. Confirm his flight.C. Look after his luggage.D. Find a porter for him.11.A. Signing up for membership of S Hotel.B. Staying in the same hotel next time he comes.C. Loading her luggage onto the airport shuttle.D. Posting a comment on the hotel’s webpage.12.A. He is the only boy in his family.B. He becomes tearful in wind.C. He has stopped making terrible faces.D. He is his teacher’s favorite student.13.A. Tell him to play in her backyard.B. Do something funny to amuse him.C. Give him some cherry stones to play with.D. Warn him of danger by making up a story.14.A. They could break pp’s legs.B. They could sometimes terrify adults.C. They could fly against a strong wind.D. They could knock pp unconscious.15.A. One would get a spot on their tongues if they told a lie deliberately.B. One would have to shave their head to remove a bat in their hair.C. One would go to prison if they put a stamp on upside down.D. One would have curly hair if they ate too much stale bread.16.A. Everything seemed to be changing.B. People were formal and disciplined.C. People were excited to go traveling overseas.D. Things from the Victorian era came back alive.17.A. Watching TV at home.B. Meeting people.C. Drinking coffee.D. Trying new foods.18.A. He was interested in stylish dresses.B. He was able to make a lot of money.C. He was a young student in the 1960s.D. He was a man full of imagination.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A. They avoid looking at them.B. They run away immediately.C. They show anger on their faces.D. They make threatening sounds.20.A. It turns to its owner for help.B. It turns away to avoid conflict.C. It looks away and gets angry too.D. It focuses its eyes on their mouths.21.A. By observing their facial features carefully.B. By focusing on a particular body movement.C. By taking in their facial expressions as a whole.D. by interpreting different emotions in different ways.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A. They have to look for food and shelter underground.B. They take little notice of the changes in temperature.C. They resort to different means to survive the bitter cold.D. They have difficulty adapting to the changed environment.23.A. They have their weight reduced to the minimum.B. They consume energy stored before the long sleep.C. They can maintain their heart beat at the normal rate.D. They can keep their body temperature warm and stable.24.A. By staying in hiding places and eating very little.B. By seeking food and shelter in people’s houses.C. By growing thicker hair to stay warm.D. By storing enough food beforehand.25.A. To stay safe.B. To save energy.C. To keep company.D. To protect the young.Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.The method for making beer has changed over time. Hops, for example, which give many a modern beer its bitter flavor, are a _____(26)recent addition to the beverage. This was mentioned in reference to brewing in the ninth century. Now, researchers have found a _____(27)ingredient in residue(残留物) from 5000-year-old beer brewing equipment. While excavating two pits at a site in the central plains of China, scientists discovered fragments from pots, funnels, amphorae, and stoves (stove fragment pictured). The different shapes of the containers _____(28)they were used to brew, filter, and store beer. They may be ancient “beer-making toolkits,”and the earliest _____(29)evidence of beer brewing in China, the researchers report online today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. To _____(30)that hypothesis, the team examined the yellowish, dried _____(31)inside the vessels. The majority of the grains, about 80%, were from cereal crops like millet and barley(大麦), and about 10% were bits of roots, _____(32)likely, would have made the beer sweeter, the scientists say. Barley was an unexpected find: The crop was domesticated in western Eurasia and didn’t become a _____(33)food in central China until about 2000 years ago, according to the researchers. Based on that timing, they suggest barley may have _____(34)in the region not as food, but as_____(35)material for beer brewing.A. arrivedB. consumingC. directD. exclusivelyE. includingF. informG. rawH. reachedI. relativelyJ. remainsK. resourcesL. stapleM. surprisingN. suggestO. testSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The Blessing and Curse of the People Who Never ForgetA handful of people can recall almost every day of their lives in enormous detail—and after years of research, neuroscientists are finally beginning to understand how they do it. A. For most of us, memory is a mess of blurred and faded pictures of our lives. As much as we would like to cling on to our past, even the saddest moments can be washed away with time.B. Ask Nima Verseh what he was doing for any day in the past 15years, however, and he will give you the details of the weather, what he was wearing, or even what side of the train he was sitting on his journey to work. “My memory is like a library of video tapes, walk-throughs of every day of my life from waking to sleeping,”he explains.C. Veiseh can even put a date on when those tapes started recording: 15 December 2000, when he met his first girlfriend at his best friend’s16th birthday party. He had always had a good memory, but the thrill of young love seems to have shifted a gear in his mind: from now on, he would start recording his whole life in detail. “I could tell you everything about every day after that.”D. Needless to say, people like Veiseh are of great interest to neuroscientists (神经科学专家) hoping to understand the way the brain records our lives. A couple of recent papers have finally opened a window on these people’s extraordinary minds. And such research might even suggest ways for us all to relive our past with greater clarity.E. ‘Highly superior autobiographical memory’(or HSAM for short) , first came to light in the early 2000s, with a young woman named Jill Price, Emailing the neuroscientist and memory researcher Jim McGaugh one day, she claimed that she could recall every day of her life since the age of 12. Could he help explain her experiences?F. McGaugh invited her to his lab, and began to test her: he would give her a date and ask her to tell him about the world events on that day. True to her word, she was correct almost every time.G. It didn’t take long for magazines and documentary film-makers to come to understand her “total recall”,and thanks to the subsequent media interest, a few dozen other subjects (including Verseh) have since come forward and contacted the team at the University of California, Irvine.H. Interestingly, their memories are highly self-centred: although they can remember “autobiographical”life events in extraordinary detail, they seem to be no better than average at recalling impersonal information, such as random (任意选取的) lists of words. Nor are they necessarily better at remembering a round of drinks, say. And although their memories are vast, they are still likely to suffer from “false memories”.Clearly, there is no such thing as a “perfect”memory—their extraordinary minds are still using the same flawed tools that the rest of us rely on. The question is, how?I. Lawrence Patihis at the University of Southern Mississippi recently studied around 20 people with HSAM and found that they scored particularly high on two measures: fantasy proneness (倾向) and absorption. Fantasy proneness could be considered a tendency to imagine and daydream, whereas absorption is the tendency to allow yur mind to become fully absorbed in an activity—to pay complete attention to the sensations (感受) and theexperiences. “I’m extremely sensitive to sounds, smells and visual detail,”explains Nicole Donohue, who has taken part in many of these studies. “I definitely feel things more strongly than the average person.”J. The absorption helps them to establish strong foundations for recollection, says Patihis, and the fantasy proneness means that they revisit those memories again and again in the coming weeks and months. Each time this initial memory trace is “replayed”,it becomes even stronger. In some ways, you probably go through that process after a big event like your wedding day—but the difference is that thanks to thir other psychological tendencies, the HSAM subjects are doing it day in, day out, for the whole of their lives.K. Not everyone with a tendency to fantasies will develop HSAM, though, so Patihis suggests that something must have caused them to think so much about their past. “Maybe some experience in their childhood meant that they became obsessed (着迷) with calendars and what happened to them,”says Patihis.L. The people with HSAM I’ve interviewed would certainly agree that it can be a mixed blessing. On the plus side, it allows you to relive the most transformative and enriching experiences. Verseh, for instance, travelled a lot in his youth. In his spare time, he visited the local art galleries, and the paintings are now lodged deep in his autobiographical memories.M. “Imagine being able to remember every painting, on every wall, in every gallery space, between nearly 40 countries,”he says. “That’s a big education in art by itself.”With this comprehensive knowledge of the history of art, he has since become a professional painter. N. Donohue, now a history teacher, agrees that it helped during certain parts of her education: “I can definitely remember what I learned on certain days at school. I could imagine what the teacher was saying or what it looked life in the book.”O. Not everyone with HSAM has experienced these benefits, however. Viewing the past in high definition can make it very difficult to get over pain and regret. “It can be very hard to forget embarrassing moments,”say Donohue. “You feel the same emotions—it is just as raw, just as fresh…You can’t turn off that stream of memories, no matter how hard you try.”Veiseh agrees: “It is like having these open wounds—they are just a part of you,”he says.P. This means they often have to make a special effort to lay the past to res. Bill, for instance, often gets painful “flashbacks”,in which unwanted memories intrude into his consciousness, but overall he has chosen to see it as the best way of avoiding repeating the same mistakes. “Some people are absorbed in the past but not open to new memories, but that’s not the case for me. I look forward to each day and experiencing something new.”36. People with HSAM have the same memory as ordinary people when it comes to impersonal information.37. Fantasy proneness will not necessarily cause people to develop HSAM.38. V erseh began to remember the details of is everyday experiences after he met his first young love.39. Many more people with HSAM started to contact researchers due to the mass media.40. People with HSAM often have to make efforts to avoid focusing on the past.41. Most people do not have clear memories of past events.42. HSAM can be both a curse and a blessing.43. A young woman sought explanation from a brain scientist when she noticed her unusual memory.44. Some people with HSAM find it very hard to get rid of unpleasant memories.45. A recent study of people with HSAM reveals that they are liable to fantasy and full absorption in an activity.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The phrase almost completes itself: midlife crisis. It’s the stage in the middle of the journey when people feel youth vanishing, their prospects narrowing and death approaching.There’s only one problem with the cliché(套话) . It isn’t true.“In fact, there is almost no hard evidence for midlife crisis other than a few smallpilot studies conducted decades ago,”Barbara Hagerty writes in her new book, Life Reimagined. The bulk of the research shows that there may be a pause, or a shifting of gears in the 40s or 50s, but this shift “can be exciting, rather than terrifying.”Barbara Hagerty looks at some of the features of people who turn midlife into a rebirth. They break routines, because “autopilot is death.”They choose purpose over happiness—having a clear sense of purpose even reduces the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. They give priority to relationships, as careers often recede (逐渐淡化).Life Reimagined paints a picture of middle age that is far from gloomy. Midlife seems life the second big phase of decision—making. Your identity has been formed; you’ve built up your resources; and now you have the chance to take the big risks precisely because your foundation is already secure.Karl Barth described midlife precisely this way. At middle age, he wrote, “the sowingis behind; now is the time to reap. The run has been taken; now is the time to leap. Preparation has been made; now is the time for the venture of the work itself.”The middle-aged person, Barth continued, can see death in the distance, but moves with a “measured haste”to get big new things done while there is still time.What Barth wrote decades ago is even truer today. People are healthy and energetic longer. We have presidential candidates running for their first term in office at age 68, 69 and 74. A longer lifespan is changing the narrative structure of life itself. What could have been considered the beginning of a descent is now a potential turning point—the turning point you are most equipped to take full advantage of.46. What does the author think of the phrase “midlife crisis”?A. It has led to a lot of debate.B. It is widely acknowledged.C. It is no longer fashionable.D. It misrepresents real life.47. How does Barbara hagerty view midlife?A. It may be the beginning of a crisis.B. It can be a new phase of one’s life.C. It can be terrifying for the unprepared.D. It may see old-age diseases approaching.48. How is midlife pictured in the book Life Reimagined?A. It can be quite rosy.B. It can be burdensome.C. It undergoes radical transformation.D. It makes for the best part of one’s life.49. According to Karl Barth, midlife is the time .A. to relaxB. to matureC. to harvestD. to reflect50. What does the author say about midlife today?A. It is more meaningful than other stages of life.B. It is likely to change the narrative of one’s life.C. It is more important to those with a longer lifespan.D. It is likely to be a critical turning point in one’s life.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.In sprint, chickens start laying again, bringing a welcome source of protein at winter’s end. So it’s no surprise that cultures around the world celebrate spring by honoring the egg.Some traditions are simple, like the red eggs that get baked into Greek Easter breads. Others elevate the egg into a fancy art, like the heavily jewel-covered “eggs”that were favored by the Russians starting in the 19th century.One ancient form of egg art comes to us from Ukraine. For centuries, Ukrainians have been drawing complicated patterns on eggs. Contemporary artists have followed this tradition to create eggs that speak to the anxieties of our age: Life is precious, and delicate. Eggs are, too.“There’s something about their delicate nature that appeals to me,”says New Yorker cartoonist Roz Chast. Several years ago, she became interested in eggs and learned the traditional Ukrainian technique to draw her very modern characters. “I’ve broken eggs at every stage of the process—from the very beginning to the very, very end.But there’s an appeal in that vulnerability. “There’s part of this sickening horror of knowing you’re walking on the edge with this, that I kind of like, knowing that it could all fall apart at any second.”Chast’s designs, such as a worried man alone in a tiny rowboat, reflect that delicateness.Traditional Ukrainian decorated eggs also spoke to those fears. The elaborate patternswere believed to offer protection against evil.“There’s an ancient legend that as long as these eggs are made, evil will not prevail in the world,”says Joan Brander, a Canadian egg-painter who has been painting eggs for over 60 years, having learned the art from her Ukrainian relatives.The tradition, dating back to 300 B.C., was later incorporated into the Christian church. The old Symbols, however, still endure. A decorate egg with a bird on it, given to a young married couple, is a wish for children. A decorated egg thrown into the field would be a wish for a good harvest.51. Why do people in many cultures prize the egg?A. It is a welcome sign of the coming of spring.B. It is their major source of protein in winter.C. It can easily be made into a work of art.D. It can bring wealth and honor to them.52. What do we learn about the decorated “eggs”in Russia?A. They are shaped like jewel cases.B. They are cherished by the rich.C. They are heavily painted in red.D. They are favored as a form of art.53. Why have contemporary artists continued the egg art tradition?A. Eggs serve as an enduring symbol or new life.B. Eggs have an oval shape appealing to artists.C. Eggs reflect the anxieties of people today.D. Eggs provide a unique surface to paint on.54. Why does Chast enjoy the process of decorating eggs?A. She never knows if the egg will break before the design is completed.B. She can add multiple details to the design to communicate her idea.C. She always derives great pleasure from designing something new.D. she is never sure what the final design will look like until the end.55. What do we learn from the passage about egg-painting?A. It originated in the eastern part of Europe.B. It has a history of over two thousand years.C. It is the most time-honored form of fancy artD. It is especially favored as a church decoration.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.黄河是亚洲第三、世界第六长的河流。

2017年6月大学英语四级真题及答案详解(第一套)Part I Writing (25 minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a computer you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact information.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2017 年 6 月大学英语四级真题及答案详解2017年6月大学英语四级真题及答案详解(第一套)Part I Writing(25 minutes)( 请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a computer you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact information.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension(30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three newsreports. At the end of each newsreport, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1xx 作答。

大学英语四级真题及答案(第一套)minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a computer you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact information.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

大学英语四级考试2024年6月真题（第三套）Part I Writing(30minutes) Directions:Suppose your university is seeking students'opinions on whethe university canteens should be open to the public.You are now to write an essay to express your view.You will have30minutes for the task.You should write at least120words but no more than180words.Part II Listening Comprehension（25minutes）特别说明：由于多题多卷，官方第三套真题的听力试题与第二套真题的一致，只是选项顺序不同，因此，本套试卷不再提供听力部分。

Part III Reading Comprehension(40minutes) Section ADirections:In this section,thereis a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one wordfor each blank from a list of c hoices given in a word bankfollowing the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter f or each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of t he words in the bank more than once.Over the coming decades,millions of j obs will be threatened by robotics and artificial intelligence.Despite intensive academic26on these developments,there has been little study on how workers27to being replaced through technologyTo find out,business researchers at TUM and Erasmus University Rotterdam conducted11studies and surveys with over2,000persons from several countries.The findings show:In principle,most people view it more28when workers are replaced by other people than by robots or intelligent software.This preference29however,when it refers to people's own jobs When that is the case,the majority of workers find it less upsetting to see their own jobs go to robots than to other employees.In the long term,however,the same people see machines as more threatening to their future role in the workforce.These effects can also be observed among people who have recently become unemployed.The researchers were able to identify the causes behind these30paradoxica results,too:Peopletend to31themselves less with machines than with other people.Consequently,being replaced by a robotor so ftware32less of a threat to their feeling of self-worth.This reduced self-threat could even be observedwhe n participants assumed that they were being replaced by other employees who relied on technological abilities such as artificial intelligence in their work."Even when unemployment results from the33of new technologies,people still judge it in a social context,"says Christoph Fuchs,one of the authors of the study."It is important to understand these34effects when trying to manage the massive changes in the working world to minimize35in society."19.202样6月四级真题（M三套）.A)compare I)introductionB)contradicts^modificationsC)conventional K)posesD)debate L)psychologicalE)disruptions M)reactF)drastically N)reversesG)favorably O)seeminglyH)guaranteeSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a p assage with ten statements attached to it.E ach statement contains information given in one of t he paragraphs.Identify the paragraph f rom which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet2.No escape as'snow day!becomes fe-learning day'A)C ertain institutions,such as schools,are likely to close when bad weather,such as snow,flooding or extremeheat or cold,causes travel difficulties,power outages(断供)，or otherwise endangers public safety.When snowy weather arrives in the US,it means the chance of school children benefiting from the long-standing tradition of t he"snow day",when schools are forced to close and students get an unexpected day offB)The criterion for a snow day is primarily the inability of school buses to operate safely on their routes anddanger to children who walk to school.Often,the school remains officially open even though buses do not run and classes arecanceled.Severe weather that causes cancellation or delayis more likely in regions that are less able to handle the situation.Snow days are less common in more northern areas of t he United States that are used to heavy winter snowfall,because municipalities are well equipped to clear roads and remove snow.In areas less accustomed to snow even small snowfalls of a n inch ortwo may render roads unsafe.C)S now days are a familiar theme in American film and TV shows,with children getting the good news andthen running outside for some seasonal snowman-building and snowball throwing,against a background ofjoyful pop music.But the tradition is now over for pupils in several US states such as South Carolina, Nevada,Georgia and Indiana.This academic year,many school boards have introduced policies which require students to work from home if t he school is shut by snow or extreme weather.They are known as t4e-leaming days",which certainly sounds less fon than a snow day.D)T eachers are also losing their snow days and instead will be expected to be on hand to take a virtual registerand answer students'questions online.A pilot programme in a school district in Anderson County,South Carolina,has supplied students with electronic tablets loaded with assignments to complete in the event of a school closure.If it is successful,it could be rolled out across the state.E)But some parents object to the new policy if t he vigorous debate on the Facebook page of A nderson Countyschool district is anything to go by."When it snows,let the kids enjoy it,"said one commenter.Another said the decision would"ruin school even more",and someone else called snow days"a fun part of c hildhood,^.But supporters of t he policy say it means children will miss fewer days of school.lt will also bring to an enda less popular US high school tradition:the“make-up day?,,which requires students in many states to makeup the time lost due to weatherby working during school holidays.-2024年6月四级真题第三套)-2)F) S tudents in North Carolina already have several make-up days scheduled because of school closures duringHurricane Florence,which struck in September.Tom Wilson,the superintendent(i^)of Anderson County school district,said the change away from snow days makes practical and financial sense.He said technology has changed every profession,so it makes sense to use it to^eliminate^make-up days.Adam Baker of the Department of Education in Indiana said e-learning days were proving a cc great success,^.He said most Indiana schools already use digital devices during lessons,so it was an cc easy decision^to extend this to days when schools are closed.He denies the decision is depriving children of the chance to enjoy the snow."Students are still able to enjoy snow days and outside time,"he said."Many have PE and science assignments that have them out enjoying the weather.^But local school superintendents in Ohio are resisting proposals to adopt e-learning days.They fear that students without internet access at home will be disadvantaged by the policy,and superintendent Tom Roth is concerned that e-learning days will offer a lower quality of education.G)T here are also so-called tc blizzard bags",with assignments that children take home ahead of an expected snowclosure.But Mr Roth says it is not sufficient as a replacement/!think we still need the class time to give our kids the education that they deserve,^he said."Youcan't get that with a blizzard bag or doing the work from home like that.If s not going to be as effective.H) T here is a long-running debate on whether missing days of school affects attainment.In England,there hasbeen a focus on tackling absenteeism(0T from school.The Department for Education(DFE)published research in2016arguing that missing any days at school could have a negative impact on results.Even a few days lost in a year could be enough to miss out on getting a good exam grade,the DFE's research concluded.This differed from the findings of a study from Harvard University in the US,which concluded that missing a few occasional days because of t he weather did not damage learning.I)The Harvard study examined seven years of school results data and could not find any impact from snowclosures.What caused moredisruption was when schools tried to stay open in bad weather,even though many staff and pupils were absent.But weather can make a difference to school results,according to another piece of Harvard research published last summer.Ifs hot weather that has the negative impact.The results of 10million school students were examined over13years and researchers found a^significanfUink between years with extremely hotweather and lower results.J)I fs obvious that students should go to school every day to get the most out of education.I n cases of extreme weather students don't always have that option.However,research shows that authorised absences from school such as during extreme weather are less problematic for students than absences that are not authorised.This is because unauthorised absences tend to reflect patterns and behaviours of student disengagement,or the possible negative attitudes of parents towards education that students adopt and carry with them through schooling.The level of impact on students f educational performance is all to do with the length of time that a student is absent from school and how regularly this occurs.36.There is opposition to the practice of giving children assignments to take home before extreme weather forcesa school closure.37.N ew policies adopted by many US schools require students to do online learning at home in case of a schoolclosure38.A ccording to some research,extreme hot weather negatively affects students^erfbrmance.39.There is a time-honoured tradition in the US fbr school kids to stay at home on^snow days".21.202仰6月四级真题（M三套）.40.Debates on social media show some parents are opposed to ending the^snowday^tradition.41.In more northern regions of t he US,school is less likely to be affected by snowy weather.42.R esearch indicates absences from school with permission do not cause as many problems as those withoutpermission.43.T here is objection to e-learning days owing to fear that students with no access to the Internet at home willsuffer44.In a pilot programme,students are given electronic devices to doassignments when schools areclosed.45.A long-standing debate is going on over the impact of school absences on students^cademic performance.Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are f our choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.It may sound surprising,but you don't have to be interested in fashion,or even in history,to enjoy Dress Codes:H ow the Laws of F ashion Made History.I happen to be interested in both,and ended up enjoying the book for completely different reasons.Richard Thompson Ford is a law professor,and you probably won't forget that for even one page.His carefully reasoned arguments,packed with examples,sound almost like reading a court opinion,only maybe wordier.Y ou will probably never think of fashion as a trifle again.Ford's thesis is that the best way to understand what particular fashions meant in any given era is to look at the restrictions placed on them.Through this lens,he shows us that the first laws passed in the1200s to ensure that only the nobility were allowed to wear certain fabrics,colors and ornaments reflected the rise of the middle class,who were now able to imitate some of these fashions.The status of the upper classes was threatened; fashion was a tool to preserve it.Ford takes the reader through the evolution of fashion while examining the underlying motivations of status sex,power,and personality,which,he assumes,influenced all innovations in fashion in the past and which continue to influence us today.His writing is more than alittle dense—dense with research,clauses,and precise adjectives and nouns.But there's also humor and enough interesting episodes to make the writing appealing.No one is spared his sharp analysis:not the easy targets of19th century women's crippling(伤害身体的)fashions nor the modem uniforms of Silicon Valley T-shirts.But the greatest strength of this book(on fashion!)is its intellectual profoundness.Ford asks us to question unconscious beliefs,to realize thatwe almost never do so,to understand that the simplest choices are charged with meaning,and yet that meaning can and does change all thetime.Consider the fact that a1918catalog insisted that boys and girls be dressed in the appropriate color.We believe our thinking today is evolved;Ford shows us it's not.46.W hat does the author think of t he book Dress Codes:How the Laws of F ashion Made History?A)I t is read by people fbr entirely different reasonsB) I t is meant fbr those interested in fashion history.202砰6月四级真题三套）.22C)I t makes enjoyable as well as informative reading.D)I t converts fashion into something fbr deliberation.47.H ow can people best understand a particular fashion in an era,according to Ford?A)B y examining the restraints imposed on it.C)By glancing at its fabrics,colors and ornaments.B)B y looking at what the nobility were wearing.D)By doing a survey of t he upper and middle classes.48. W hat was the aim of t he first laws passed regarding fashion in the1200s?A)T o facilitate the rise of the middle class C)To help initiate some novel fashions.B)T o loosen restrictions on dress codes.D)To preserve the status of the nobles.49. W hat does the author think of Ford's writing?A)I t uses comparison and contrast in describing fashions of different erasB)I t makes heavy reading but is not lacking in humor or appealC)It is filled with interesting episodes to spare readers intolerable boredom.D)I t is characteristic of academics in presenting arguments.50.W hat does the author say is the greatest strength of F ord's book?A)P lentiful information.C)Evolved thinkingB)M eaningful choices.D)Intellectual depthPassage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the followingpassage.The art of p ersuasion means convincing others to agree with your point of view or to follow your course of action.For some ofus,persuasion is an instinctive quality and the power of influencing comes naturally.For the rest of u s,persuasion skills can be learned and developed over time.Employers place a great value on employees with persuasion skills because they can impact several aspects of j ob perfbrmance.Besides,teamwork and leadership rely heavily on the power of persuasion to get things done.Without persuasion skills,employees may not be as committed to or convinced of the importance of an organization^vision and long-term mission.Effective use of persuasion skills will not only help get your coworkers excited about your ideas,ifll also help you motivate them to achieve a common goal.In order to learn the art of persuasion at the workplace,you need to understand how to handle conflicts and reach agreements.Good communication is the first step in effective persuasion,but logic and reasoning are just as important.Befbre you can get somebody on-board with your goal,you should help them understand why they should pursue ing visual aids to back up your ideas can help communicate your ideas better and make compelling arguments so your listeners will come to a logical choice and become fully committed to your ideas and plans.Successful persuasion skills are based on your ability to have positive interactions and maintain meaningful relationships with people.In order to sustain thoserelationships,you must be able to work in their best interests as well.Your coworkers are more likely to agree with you when they succeed alongside you.The more they achieve and the greaterprogress they make,the more they trust your judgement and strength.We persuade and get persuaded every daywe're either convincing or being convinced.A vast majority of people prefer collaboration and teamwork over traditional organizational structures;no one likes to be told what to do or to be pushed around.Therefore,organizations and leaders should adopt powerful persuasion skills to bring about necessary changes.23.202砰6月四级真题三套）.51.What does the author say about the ability to be persuasive in the first paragraph?A)P eople may either be born with it or be able to cultivate it.B) I t proves crucial in making others follow one's course of action.C)It refers to the natural and instinctive power of influencing one!s coworkers.D)P eople may view it as both a means to convince others and an art of communication.52.Why are persuasion skills greatly valued in the workplace?A)T hey enable employees to be convinced oftheir long-term gains.B) T hey enable employees to trust their leaders unconditionally.C)They help motivate coworkers to strive for a common goal.D)T hey help an organization to broaden its vision effectively.53.W hat should people do to learn the art of p ersuasion atthe workplace?A)A cquire effective communication skills.C)Understand the reason for pursuing their goalsB) A void getting involved in conflicts with others.D)Commit themselves fully to their ideas and plans54.W hen are you more likely to succeed in persuading your coworkers?A)W hen they are convinced you work in their interests while sacrificing your own.B)W hen they become aware of the potential strength of t he judgements you make.C)When they become aware of t he meaningful relationships you keep with them.D)W hen they are convinced they will make achievements together with you.55.W hy are organizations and leaders advised to adopt powerful persuasion skills to bring about necessarychanges?A)T o convince employees of t he value of collaboration.B)T o allow for the preferences of m ost people of t odayC)To improve on traditional organizational structuresD)T o adapt to employees'ever-changing working styles.Part IV Translation(30minutes) Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage f rom Chinese into English.You should write y our answer on Answer Sheet2.汉语中的“福”字(the character fU)表示幸福和好运，是中国传统文化中最常用的吉祥(auspicious符号之一。

2017年6月英语四级真题第三套Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a bicycle you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, features, condition and price, and your contact information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)(改编自2015年12月份真题2) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.(test1)1. A) Education problems of American children.B) Education problems of Syrian children in Turkey.C) A statement published by Human Rights Watch.D) Many children in Turkey don’t receive education.2. A) They built long-lasting schools in Turkey.B) They established a huge school system in Turkey.C) They offered financial support to Turkey.D) They sent refugee children to refugee camps.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.(test 2)3. A) Waste products of whisky could make biofuel.B) Scotland is the largest producer of whisky in the world.C) A new fuel called Biobutanol is found by a Scottish professor.D) There are many waste products in making whisky.4. A) Corn and sugar cane.B) Rye and corn.C) Strong beer and wheat.D) Rice and wheat.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) Violate the civil liberties in Australia.B) Increase the legal age to buy cigarettes.C) Introduce a plan called plain packaging.D) Raise the price of cigarettes in Australia.6. A) Details of anti-smoking policies.B) Pictures with olive trees.C) Health warnings including pictures.D) Data of cigarette sales worldwide.7. A) To follow the anti-smoking trend in Kuwait and Hawaii.B) To make Tasmania Australia’s healthiest city by 2025.C) To ease existing tough anti-smoking policies.D) To have more tough anti-smoking policies.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) It is more difficult to learn than English.B) It is used by more people than English.C) It will be as commonly used as English.D) It will eventually become a world language.9. A) Its loan words from many languages.B) Its popularity with the common people.C) The influence of the British Empire.D) The effect of the Industrial Revolution.10.A) It includes a lot of words from other languages.B) It has a growing number of newly coined words.C) It can be easily picked up by overseas travellers.D) It is the largest among all languages in the world.11.A) It has many international words.B) It can be pronounced easily.C) Its grammar is very simple.D) It has no different dialects.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) To return some goods.B) To apply for a job.C) To place an order.D) To make a complaint.13. A) He has become somewhat impatient with the woman.B) He is not familiar with the exact details of goods.C) He has not worked in the sales department for long.D) He works on a part-time basis for the company.14. A) It is not his responsibility.B) It will be free for large orders.C) It costs £15 more for express delivery.D) It depends on a number of factors.15. A) Report the information to her superior.B) Pay a visit to the saleswoman in charge.C) Ring back when she comes to a decision.D) Make inquiries with some other companies.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) No one knows exactly where they were first made.B) No one knows for sure when they came into being.C) No one knows for what purpose they were invented.D) No one knows what they will look like in the future.17.A) Carry ropes across rivers.B) Measure the speed of wind.C) Pass on secret messages.D) Give warnings of danger.18. A) To protect houses against lightning.B) To test the effects of the lightning rod.C) To find out the strength of silk for kites.D) To prove the lightning is electricity.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) She enjoys teaching languages.B) She can speak several languages.C) She was trained to be an interpreter.D) She was born with a talent for languages.20. A) They acquire an immunity to culture shock.B) They would like to live abroad permanently.C) They want to learn as many foreign languages as possible.D) They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.21. A) She became an expert in horse racing.B) She got a chance to visit several European countries.C) She was able to translate for a German sports judge.D) She learned to appreciate classical music.22.A) Taste the beef and give her comment.B) Take part in a cooking competition.C) Teach vocabulary for food in English.D) Give cooking lessons on Western food.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) He had only a third-grade education.B) He once threatened to kill his teacher.C) He grew up in a poor single-parent household.D) He often helped his.24.A) Careless.B) Stupid.C) Brave.D) Active.25.A) Write two book reports a week.B) Keep a diary.C) Help with housework.D) Watch educational TV programs only.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the blank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.The method for making beer has changed over time. Hops (啤酒花), for example, which give many a modern beer its bitter flavor, are a (26) recent addition to the beverage. This was first mentioned in reference to brewing in the ninth century. Now, researchers have found a (27) ingredient in residue (残留物) from 5000-year-old beer brewing equipment. While digging two pits at a site in the central plains of China, scientists discovered fragments from pots and vessels. The different shapes of the containers (28) they were used to brew, filter, and store beer.They may be ancient “beer-making tools,” and the earliest (29) evidence of beer brewing in China, the researchers reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. To (30) that theory, the team examined the yellowish, dried (31) inside the vessels. The majority of the grains, about 80%, were from cereal crops like barley (大麦), and about 10% were bits of roots, (32) lily, which would have made the beer sweeter, the scientists say. Barley was an unexpected find: The crop was domesticated in western Eurasia and didn’t become a (33) food in central China until about 2000 years ago, according to the researchers. Based on that timing, they indicate barley may have (34) in the region not as food, but as (35) material for beer brewing.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The Blessing and Curse of the People Who Never ForgetA handful of people can recall almost every day of their lives in enormous detail -- and after years of research, neuroscientists are finally beginning to understand how they do it.[A] For most of us, memory is a mess blurred and faded pictures of our lives. As much aswe would like to cling on to our past, even the saddest moments can be washed way with time.[B] Ask Nima Veiseh what he was doing for any day in the past 15 years, however, andhe will give you the details of the weather, what he was wearing, or even what side of the train he was sitting on his journey to work. “My memory is like a library of video tapes, walk-throughs of every day of my life from waking to sleeping,” he explains.[C] Veiseh can even put a date on when those tapes started recording: 15 December 2000,when he met his first girlfriend at his best friend’s 16th birthday party. He had always had a good memory, but the thrill of young love seems to have shifted a gear in his mind: from now on, he would start record ing his whole life in detail. “I could tell you everything about every day after that.”[D] Needless to say, people like Veiseh are of great interest to neuroscientists (神经科学专家) hoping to understand the way the brain records our lives. A couple of recent p apers have finally opened a window on these people’s extraordinary minds. And such research might even suggest ways for us all to relive our past with greater clarity.[E] ‘Highly superior autobiographical memory’ (or HSAM for short), first came to lightin the early 2000s, with a young woman named Jill Price. Emailing the neuroscientist and memory researcher Jim McGaugh one day, she claimed that she could recall every day of her life since the age of 12. Could he help explain her experiences? A) arrivedB) consumingC) directD) exclusively E) including F) inform G) raw H) reached I) relatively J) remains K) resources L) staple M) surprising N) suggest O) test[F] McGaugh invited her to his lab, and began to test her: he would give her a date andask her to tell him about the world events on that day. True to her word, she was correct almost every time.[G] It didn’t take long for magazines and documentary film-makers to come tounderstand her “total recall”, and thanks to the subsequent media interest, a few dozen other subjects (including Veiseh) have since come forward and contacted the team at the University of California, Irvine.[H] Interestingly, their memories are highly self-centred: although they can remember“autobiographical” life events in extraordinary detail, they seem to be no better than average at recalling impersonal information, such as random (任意选取的) lists of words. Nor are they necessarily better at remembering a round of drinks, say. And although their memories are vast, they are still likely to suffer from “false memories”.Clearly, there is no such thing as a “perfect” memory-- their extraordinary minds are still using the same flawed tools that the rest of use rely on. The question is, how? [I] Lawrence Patihis at the University of Southern Mississippi recently studied around 20people with HSAM and found that they scored particularly high on two measures: fantasy proneness (倾向) and absorption. Fantasy proneness could be considered a tendency to imagine and daydream, whereas absorption is the tendency to allow your mind to become fully absorbed in an activity -- to pay complete attention to the sensations(感受) and the experi ences. “I’m extremely sensitive to sounds, smells and visual detail, ” explains Nicole Donohue, who has taken part in many of these studies. “I definitely feel things more strongly than the average person.”[J] The absorption helps them to establish strong foundations for recollection, says Patihis, and the fantasy proneness means that they revisit those memories again and again in the coming weeks and months. Each time this initial memory trace is “replaced”, it becomes even stronger. In some ways, you pro bably go through that process after a big event like your wedding day--but the difference is that thanks to their other psychological tendencies, the MSAM subjects are doing it day in, day out, for the whole of their lives.[K] Not everyone with a tendency to fantasize will develop HSAM, though, so Patihis suggests that something must have caused them to think so much about their past.“Maybe some experience in their childhood meant that they became obsessed(着迷)with calendars and what happened to them,” sa ys Patihis.[L] The people with HSAM I’ve interviewed would certainly agree that it can be a mixed blessing. On the plus side, it allows you to relive the most transformative and enriching experiences. Veiseh, for instance, traveled a lot in his youth. In his spare time, he visited the local art galleries, and the paintings are now lodged deep in his autobiographical memories.[M] “Imagine being able to remember every painting, on every wall, in every gallery space, between nearly 40 countries,” he says. “That’s a big education in art by itself.”With this comprehensive knowledge of the history of art, he has since become a professional painter.[N] Donohue, now a history teacher, agrees that it helped during certain parts of her education: “I can definitely remember what I learned on certain days at school. I could imagine what the teacher was saying or what it looked like in the book.”[O] Not everyone with HSAM has experienced these benefits, however. Viewing the past in high definition can make it very di fficult to get over pain and regret. “It can be very hard to forget embarrassing moments,” says Donohue. “You feel same emotions-- it is just as raw, just as fresh... You can’t turn off that stream of memories, no matter how hard you try.” Veiseh agrees: “It is like having these open wounds--they are just a part of you,” he says.[P] This means they often have to make a specific effort to lay the past to rest. Bill, for instance, often gets painful “flashbacks”, in which unwanted memories intrude into his consciousness, but overall he has chosen to see it as the best way of avoiding repeating the same mistakes. “Some people are absorbed in the past but not open to new memories, but that’s not the case for me. I look forward to each day and experiencing somet hing new.”36.People with HSAM have the same memory as ordinary people when it comes to impersonal information.37. Fantasy proneness will not necessarily cause people to develop HSAM.38. Veiseh began to remember the details of his everyday experiences after he met his first young love.39. Many more people with HSAM started to contact researchers due to the mass media.40. People with HSAM often have to make efforts to avoid focusing on the past.41. Most people do not have clear memories of past events.42. HSAM can be both a curse and a blessing.43. A young woman sought explanation from a brain scientist when she noticed her unusual memory.44. Some people with HSAM find it very hard to get rid of unpleasant memories.45. A recent study of people with HSAM reveals that they are liable to fantasy and full absorption in an activity.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The phrase almost complete s itself: midlife crisis. It’s the stage in the middle of the journey when people feel youth vanishing, their prospects narrowing and death approaching.There’s only one problem with the cliché?(套话). It isn’t true.“In fact, there is almost no hard evidence for midlife crisis other than a few small pilot studies conducted decades ago,” Barbara Hagerty writes in her new book, Life Reimagined. The bulk of the research shows that there may be a pause, or a shifting of gears in the 40s or 50s, but this shift “can be exciting, rather than terrifying.”Barbara Hagerty looks at some of the features of people who turn midlife into a rebirth. They break routines, because “autopilot is death.” They choose purpose over happiness--having a clear sense of purpose even reduces the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. They give priority to relationships, as careers often recede (逐渐淡化).Life Reimagined paints a picture of middle age that is far from gloomy. Midlife seems like the second big phase of decision-making. Your identity has been formed; you’ve built up your resources; and now you have the chance to take the big risks precisely because your foundation is already secure.Karl Barth described midlife precisely this way. At middl e age, he wrote, “the sowing is behind; now is the time to reap. The run has been taken; now is the time to leap. Preparation has been made; now is the time for the venture of the work itself.”The middle-aged person, Barth continued, can see death in the distance, but moves with a “measured haste” to get big new things done while there is still time.What Barth wrote decades ago is even truer today. People are healthy and energetic longer. We have presidential candidates running for their first term in office at age 68, 69 and 74. A longer lifespan is changing the narrative structure of life itself. What could have been considered the beginning of a descent is now a potential turning point --the turning point you are most equipped to take full advantage of.46. What does the author think of the phrase “midlife crisis”?A) It has led to a lot of debate.B) It is widely acknowledged.C) It is no longer fashionable.D) It misrepresents real life.47. How does Barbara Hagerty view midlife?A) It may be the beginning of a crisis.B) It can be a new phrase of one’s life.C) It can be terrifying for the unprepared.D) It may see old-age diseases approaching.48. How is midlife pictured in the book Life Reimagined?A) It can be quite rosy.B) It can be burdensome.C) It undergoes radical transformation.D) It makes for the best part of one’s life.49. According to Karl Barth, midlife is the time __________.A) to relaxB) to matureC) to harvestD) to reflect50. What does the author say about midlife today?A) It is more meaningful than other stages of life.B) It is likely to change the narrative of one’s life.C) It is more important to those with a longer lifespan.D) It is likely to be a critical turning point in one’s life.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.In spring, chickens start laying again, bringing a welcome source of protein at winter’s end. So it’s no surprise that cultures around the world celebrate spring by honoring the egg.Some traditions are simple, like the red eggs that get baked into Greek Easter breads. Others elevate the egg into a fancy art, like the heavily jewel-covered “eggs” that were favored by the Russians starting in the 19th century.One ancient form of egg art comes to us from Ukraine. For centuries, Ukrainians have been drawing complicated patterns on eggs. Contemporary artists have followed this tradition to create eggs that speak to the anxieties of our age: Life is precious, and delicate. Eggs are, too.“There’s something about their delicate nature that appeals to me, ” says New Yorker cartoonist Roz Chast. Several years ago, she became interested in eggs and learned the traditional Ukrainian te chnique to draw her very modern characters. “I’ve broken eggs at every stage of the process-- from the very beginning to the very, very end.”But there’s an appeal in that vulnerability. “There’s part of this sickening horror of knowing you’re walking on the edge with this, that I kind of like, knowing that it could all fall apart at any second.” Chast’s designs such as a worried man alone in a tiny rowboat, reflect that delicateness.Traditional Ukrainian decorated eggs also spoke to those fears. The elaborate patterns wee believed to offer protection against evil.“There’s an ancient legend that as long as these eggs are made, evil will not prevail in the world,” says Joan Brander, a Canadian egg-painter who has been painting eggs for over 60 years, having learned the art from her Ukrainian relatives.The tradition, dating back to 300 B.C., was later incorporated into the Christian church. The old symbols, however, still endure. A decorated egg with a bird on it, given to a young married couple, is a wish for children. A decorated egg thrown into the field would be a wish for a good harvest.51. Why do people in many cultures prize the egg?A) It is a welcome sign of the coming of spring.B) It is their major source of protein in winter.C) It can easily be made into a work of art.D) It can bring wealth and honor to them.52. What do we learn about the decorated “eggs” in Russia?A) They are shaped like jewel cases.B) They are cherished by the rich.C) They are heavily painted in red.D) They are favored as a form of art.53. Why have contemporary artists continued the egg art tradition?A) Eggs serve as an enduring symbol of new life.B) Eggs have an oval shape appealing to artists.C) Eggs reflect the anxieties of people today.D) Eggs provide a unique surface to paint on.54. Why does Chast enjoy the process of decorating eggs?A) She never knows if the egg will break before the design is completed.B) She can add multiple details to the design to communicate her idea.C) She always derives great pleasure from designing something new.D) She is never sure what the final design will look like until the end.55. What do we learn from the passage about egg-painting?A) It originated in the eastern part of Europe.B) It has a history of over two thousand years.C) It is the most time-honored form of fancy art.D) It is especially favored as a church decoration.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheets 2.长江是亚洲最长、世界上第三长的河流。

2017 年6 月大学英语四级真题及答案(第一套)Part I Writing(25 minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a computer you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact information.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension(30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1 上作答。

2017年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(第一套)Part I Writing (25 minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a computer you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact information.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. Atthe end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Boththe news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2017年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案解析（第一套完整版）Part I WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell some of the course books you used at college. Your advertisement may include a brief description of their content, their condition and price, and your contact information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.【参考范文】My Books, Your Helper!Are you still worrying about your English learning? Still in want of good learning materials? Now’s your chance!This is a set of superb course books for English learners, gently used, the contents of which cover English listening, speaking, reading, writing and translation. These books will equip you with necessary knowledge for CET-4, CET-6, IELTS, TOFEL and so on. Besides, I sell the books here only at half price, which means you can save a great amount of money and use the savings on other important items. Last but not the least, there are many useful notes at the back of these books for your reference, which will allow you to yield twice the result with half the effort.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?Moveon!********************************* 12345678 if you are interested.【解析】“half price”意思为“半价”；“yield twice the result with half the effort”意思为“事半功倍”。

2017年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(第一套)Part I Writing (25 minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a computer you used at college.Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact information.You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At theend of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both thenews report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a singleline through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2017年6月大学英语四级真题及答案详解(第一套)Part I Writing (25 minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a computer you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact information.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2017年6月大学英语四级真题试卷三(完整版)Part I Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell some of the course books you used at college. Your advertisement may include a brief description of their content,their condition ,their price and your contact information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2017年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(第一套)Part I Writing (25 minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a computer you used at college.Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact information.You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At theend of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both thenews report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a singleline through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2017年12月英语四级真题第三套Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on how to best handle the relationship between parents and children. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words._____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)本次四级考试全国听力只有两套，本套题听力与前两套内容相同，只是选项顺序不同，因此本套题中不再重复出现。

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the blank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.We all know there exists a great void（空白）in the public educational system when it comes to (26) to STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering Mathematics）courses. One educator named Dori Roberts decided to do something to change this system. Dori taught high school engineering for 11 years. She noticed there was a real void in quality STEM education at all (27) of the public educational system. She said, “I started Engineering For Kids (EFK) after noticing a real lack of math, science and engineering programs to (28) my own kids in”She decided to start an afterschool program where children (29) in STEM-based competitions. The club grew quickly and when it reached 180 members and the kids in the program won several state (30) , she decided to devote all her time to cultivating and (31) it. The global business EFK was born.Dori began operating EFK out of her Virginia home, which she then expanded to (32) recreation centers. Today, the EFK program (33) over 144 branches in 32 states within the United States and in 21 countries. Sales have doubled from $5 million in 2014 to $10 million in 2015, with 25 new branches planned for 2016. The EFK website states, “Our nation is not (34) enough engineers. Our philosophy is to inspire kids at a young age to understand that engineering is a great (35) .”Section BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Why aren’t you curious about what happened?[A] “You suspended Ray Rice after our video,”a reporter from TMZ challengedNational Football League Commissioner Roger Goodell the other day. “Why didn’t you have the curiosity to go to the casino(堵场) yourself?” The implication of the question is that a more curious commissioner would have found a way to get the tape.[B] The accusation of incuriosity is one that we hear often, carrying the suggestionthat there is something wrong with not wanting to search out the truth. “I have been bothered for a long time about the curious lack of curiosity,” said a Democratic member of the New Jersey legislature back in July, referring to an insufficiently inquiring attitude on the part of an assistant to New Jersey Governor Chris Christie who chose not to ask hard questions about the George Washington Bridge traffic scandal. “Isn’t the mai nstream media the least bit curious about what happened?” wrote conservative writer Jennifer Rubin earlier this year, referring to the attack on Americans in Benghazi, Libya.[C] The implication, in each case, is that curiosity is a good thing, and a lack ofcuriosity is a problem. Are such accusations simply efforts to score political points for one’s party? Or is there something of particular value about curiosity in and of itself?[D] The journalist Ian Leslie, in his new and enjoyable book Curious: The Desire toKnow and Why Your Future Depends on It, insists that the answer to that last question is ‘Yes’. Leslie argues that curiosity is a much-overlooked human virtue, crucial to our success, and that we are losing it.[E] We are suffering, he writes, fr om a “serendipity deficit.” The word “serendipity”was coined by Horace Walpole in an 1854 letter, from a tale of three princes who “were always making discoveries, by accident, of things they were not in search of.” Leslie worries that the rise of the Int ernet, among other social and technological changes, has reduced our appetite for aimless adventures. No longer have we the inclination to let ourselves wander through fields of knowledge, ready to be surprised. Instead, we seek only the information we want.[F] Why is this a problem? Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit ofinnovation and entrepreneurship. We will see unimaginative governments and dying corporations make disastrous decisions. We will lose a vital part of what has made humanity as a whole so successful as a species.[G] Leslie presents considerable evidence for the proposition that the society as awhole is growing less curious. In the U.S. and Europe, for example, the rise of the Internet has led to a declining consumption of ne ws from outside the reader’s borders. But not everything is to be blamed on technology. The decline in interest in literary fiction is also one of the causes identified by Leslie. Reading literary fiction, he says, makes us more curious.[H] Moreover, in o rder to be curious, “you have to be aware of a gap in yourknowledge in the first place.” Although Leslie perhaps paints a bit broadly in contending that most of us are unaware of how much we don’t know, he’s surely right to point out that the problem is g rowing: “Google can give us the powerful illusion that all questions have definite answers.”[I] Indeed, Google, for which Leslie express admiration, is also his frequent whippingboy(替罪羊). He quotes Google co-founder Larry Page to the effect that the “perfect search engine” will “understand exactly what I mean and give me back exactly what I want.” Elsewhere in the book, Leslie writes: “Google aims to save you from the thirst of curiosity altogether.”[J] Somewhat nostalgically (怀旧地), he quotes John Maynard Keynes’s justly famous words of praise to the bookstore: “One should enter it vaguely, almost ina dream, and allow what is there freely to attract and influence the eye. To walkthe rounds of the bookshops, dipping in as curiosity dictates, should be an afternoon’s entertainment.” If only![K] Citing the work of psychologists and cognitive(认知的) scientists, Leslie criticizes the received wisdom that academic success is the result of a combination of intellectual talent and hard work. Curiosity, he argues, is the third key factor—and a difficult one to preserve. If not cultivated, it will not survive: “Childhood curiosity is a collaboration between child and adult. The surest way to kill it is to leave it alone.”[L] School education, he warns, is often conducted in a way that makes children incurious. Children of educated an upper-middle-class parents turn out to be far more curious, even at early ages, than children of working class and lower class families. That lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge, and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on. [M] Although Leslie’s book isn’t about politics, he doesn’t entirely shy away from the problem. Political leaders, like leaders of other organizations, should be curious.They should ask questions at crucial moments. There are serious consequences, he warns, in not wanting to know.[N] He presents as an example the failure of the George W. Bush administration to prepare properly for the after-effects of the invasion of Iraq. According to Leslie, those who ridiculed former Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld for his 2002 remark that we have to be wary of the “unknown unknowns” were mistaken.Rumsfeld’s idea, Leslie writes, “wasn’t absurd—it was smart.” He adds, “The tragedy is that he didn’t follow his own advice.”[O] All of which brings us back to Goodell and the Christie case and Benghazi. Each critic in those examples is charging, in a different way, that someone in authority is intentionally being incur ious. I leave it to the reader’s political preference to decide which, if any, charges should stick. But let’s be careful about demanding curiosity about the other side’s weaknesses and remaining determinedly incurious about our own. We should be delighted to pursue knowledge for its own sake—even when what w e find out is something we didn’t particularly want to know.36. To be curious, we need to re alize first of all that there are many things we don’t know.37. According to Leslie, curiosity is essential to one’s success.38. We should feel happy when we pursue knowledge for knowledge’s sake.39. Political leaders’ lack of curiosity will result in bad consequences.40. There are often accusations about politicians’ and the media’s lack of curiosity to find out the truth.41. The less curious a child is, the less knowledge the child may turn out to have.42. It is widely accepted that academic accomplishment lies in both intelligence and diligence.43. Visiting a bookshop as curiosity leads us can be a good way to entertain ourselves.44. Both the rise of the Internet and reduced appetite for literary fiction contribute to people’s declining curiosity.45. Mankind wouldn’t be so innovative without curiosity.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Aging happens to all of us, and is generally thought of as a natural part of life. It would seem silly to call such a thing a “disease.”On the other hand, scientists are increasingly learning that aging and biological age are two different things, and that the former is a key risk factor for conditions such as heart disease, cancer and many more. In that light, aging itself might be seen as something treatable, the way you would treat high blood pressure or a vitamin deficiency.Biophysicist Alex Zhavoronkov believes that aging should be considered a disease. He said that describing aging as a disease creates incentives to develop treatments.“It unties the hands of the pharmaceutical (制药的) industry so that they can begin treating the disease and not just the side effects,” he said.“Right now, people think of aging as natural and something you can’t control,” he said. “In academic circles, people take aging research as just an interest area wherethey can try to develop interventions. The medical community also takes aging for granted, and can do nothing about it except keep people within a certain health range.”But if aging were recognized as a disease, he said, “It would attract funding and change the way we do health care. What matters is understanding that aging is curable.”“It was always known that the body accumulates damage,” he added. “The only way to cure aging is to find ways to repair that damage. I think of it as preventive medicine for age-related conditions.”Leonard Hayflick, a professor at the University of California, San Francisco, said the idea that aging can be cured implies the human lifespan can be increased, which some researchers suggest is possible. Hayflick is not among them.“There’re many people who recover from cancer, stroke, or heart disease. But they continue to age, because aging is separate from their disease,” Hayflick said. “Even if those causes of death were eliminated, life expectancy would still not go much beyond 92 years.”46. What do people generally believe about aging?A) It should cause no alarm whatsoever.B) They just cannot do anything about it.C) It should be regarded as a kind of disease.D) They can delay it with advances in science.47. How do many scientists view aging now?A) It might be prevented and treated. C) It results from a vitamin deficiency.B) It can be as risky as heart disease. D) It is an irreversible biological process.48. What does Alex Zhavoronkov think of “describing aging as a disease”?A) It will prompt people to take aging more seriously.B) It will greatly help reduce the side effects of aging.C) It will free pharmacists from the conventional beliefs about aging.D) It will motivate doctors and pharmacists to find ways to treat aging.49. What do we learn about the medical community?A) They now have a strong interest in research on aging.B) They differ from the academic circles in their view on aging.C) They can contribute to people’s health only to a limited extent.D) They have ways to intervene in people’s aging process.50. What does Professor Leonard Hayflick believe?A) The human lifespan cannot be prolonged.B) Aging is hardly separable from disease.C) Few people can live up to the age of 92.D) Heart disease is the major cause of aging.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Female applicants to postdoctoral positions in geosciences were nearly half as likely to receive excellent letters of recommendation, compared with their male counterparts. Christopher Intagliata reports.As in many other fields, gender bias is widespread in the sciences. Men score higher starting salaries, have more mentoring (指导), and have better odds of being hired. Studies show they’re also perceived as more competent than women in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) fields. And new research reveals that men are more likely to receive excellent letters of recommendation, too.“Say, you know, this is the best student I’ve ever had,” says Kuheli Dutt, a social scientist and diversity officer at Columbia University’s Lamont campus. “Compare those excellent letters with a merely good letter: ‘The candidate was productive, or intelligent, or a solid scientist or some thing that’s clearly solid praise,’ but nothing that singles out the candidate as exceptional or one of a kind.”Dutt and her colleagues studied more than 1,200 letters of recommendation for postdoctoral positions in geoscience. They were all edited for gender and other identifying information, so Dutt and her team could assign them a score without knowing the gender of the student. They found that female applicants were only half as likely to get outstanding letters, compared with their male counterparts. That includes letters of recommendation from all over the world, and written by, yes, men and women. The findings are in the journal Nature Geoscience.Dutt says they were not able to evaluate the actual scientific qualifications of the applicants using the data in the files. But she says the results still suggest women in geoscience are at a potential disadvantage from the very beginning of their careers starting with those less than outstanding letters of recommendation.“We’re not trying to assign blame or criticize anyone or call anyone consciously sexist. Rather, the point is to use the results of this study to open up meaningful dialogues on implicit gender bias, be it at a departmental level or an institutional level or even a discipline leve l.” Which may lead to some recommendations for the letter writers themselves.51. What do we learn about applicants to postdoctoral positions in geosciences?A) There are many more men applying than women.B) Chances for women to get the positions are scarce.C) More males than females are likely to get outstanding letters of recommendation.D) Male applicants have more interest in these positions than their female counterparts.52. What do studies about men and women in scientific research show?A) Women engaged in postdoctoral work are quickly catching up.B) Fewer women are applying for postdoctoral positions due to gender bias.C) Men are believed to be better able to excel in STEM disciplines.D) Women who are keenly interested in STEM fields are often exceptional.53. What do the studies find about the recommendation letters for women applicants?A) They are hardly ever supported by concrete examples.B) They contain nothing that distinguishes the applicants.C) They provide objective information without exaggeration.D) They are often filled with praise for exceptional applicants.54. What did Dutt and her colleagues do with the more than 1,200 letters of recommendation?A) They asked unbiased scholars to evaluate them.B) They invited women professionals to edit them.C) They assigned them randomly to reviewers.D) They deleted all information about gender.55. What does Dutt aim to do with her study?A) Raise reco mmendation writers’ awareness of gender bias in their letters.B) Open up fresh avenues for women post-doctors to join in research work.C) Alert women researchers to all types of gender bias in the STEM disciplines.D) Start a public discussion o n how to raise women’s status in academic circles. Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheets 2.黄山位于安徽省南部。

大学英语四级考试2024年6月真题(第三套)Part I Writing (30minutes)Part I Directions :Suppose your university is seeking students'opinions on whethe university canteens should be open to the public.You are now to write an essay to express your view.You will have 30minutes for the task.You should write at least 120words but no more than 180words.I Listening Comprehension (25minutes)特别说明：由于多题多卷，官方第三套真题的听力试题与第二套真题的一致，只是选项顺序不同，因此，本套试卷不再提供听力部分。

Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40minutes)Section A Directions:In this section,thereis a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one wordfor each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Over the coming decades,millions of jobs will be threatened by robotics and artificial intelligence.Despite intensive academic 26_on these developments,there has been little study on how workers 27_to being replaced through technologyTo find out,business researchers at TUM and Erasmus University Rotterdam conducted 11studies and surveys with over 2,000persons from several countries.The findings show:In principle,most people view it more 28when workers are replaced by other people than by robots or intelligent software.This preference 29_,however,when it refers to people's own jobs When that is the case,the majority of workers find it less upsetting to see their own jobs go to robots than to other employees.In the long term,however,the same people see machines as more threatening to their future role in the workforce.These effects can also be observed among people who have recently become unemployed.The researchers were able to identify the causes behind these 30paradoxica results,too:Peopletend to 31_themselves less with machines than with other people.Consequently,being replaced by a robotor so ftware 32less of a threat to their feeling of self-worth.This reduced self-threat could even be observedwhe n participants assumed that they were being replaced by other employees who relied on technological abilities such as artificial intelligence in their work.“Even when unemployment results from the 33of new technologies,people still judge it in a social context,”says Christoph Fuchs,one of the authors of the study.“It is important to understand these 34effects when trying to manage the massive changes in the working world to minimize 35in society.”19·2024年6月四级真题(第三套)·A)compareB)contradictsC)conventionalD)debateE)disruptionsF)drasticallyG)favorablyH)guarantee I)introduction J)modifications K)posesL)psychological M)reactN)reverses O)seeminglySection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet2.No escape as'snow day'becomes fe-learning day’A)Certain institutions,such as schools,are likely to close when bad weather,such as snow,flooding or extreme heat or cold,causes travel difficulties,power outages(断供),or otherwise endangers public safety.When snowy weather arrives in the US,it means the chance of school children benefiting from the long-standing tradition of the“snow day”,when schools are forced to close and students get an unexpected day off.B)The criterion for a snow day is primarily the inability of school buses to operate safely on their routes and danger to children who walk to school.Often,the school remains officially open even though buses do not run and classes arecanceled.Severe weather that causes cancellation or delayis more likely in regions that are less able to handle the situation.Snow days are less common in more northern areas of the United States that are used to heavy winter snowfall,because municipalities are well equipped to clear roads and remove snow.In areas less accustomed to snow even small snowfalls of an inch ortwo may render roads unsafe. C)Snow days are a familiar theme in American film and TV shows,with children getting the good news and then running outside for some seasonal snowman-building and snowball throwing,against a background ofjoyful pop music.But the tradition is now over for pupils in several US states such as South Carolina, Nevada,Georgia and Indiana.This academic year,many school boards have introduced policies which require students to work from home if the school is shut by snow or extreme weather.They are known as “e-learning days”,which certainly sounds less fun than a snow day.D)Teachers are also losing their snow days and instead will be expected to be on hand to take a virtual register and answer students'questions online.A pilot programme in a school district in Anderson County,South Carolina,has supplied students with electronic tablets loaded with assignments to complete in the event of a school closure.If it is successful,it could be rolled out across the state.E)But some parents object to the new policy if the vigorous debate on the Facebook page of Anderson County school district is anything to go by.“When it snows,let the kids enjoy it,”said one commenter.Another said the decision would“ruin school even more”,and someone else called snow days“a fun part of childhood”. But supporters of the policy say it means children will miss fewer days of school.It will also bring to an end a less popular US high school tradition:the“make-up day”,which requires students in many states to make up the time lost due to weatherby working during school holidays.·2024年6月四级真题(第三套)·20F)Students in North Carolina already have several make-up days scheduled because of school closures duringHurricane Florence,which struck in September.Tom Wilson,the superintendent(主管)of Anderson County school district,said the change away from snow days makes practical and financial sense.He said technology has changed every profession,so it makes sense to use it to“eliminate”make-up days.Adam Baker of the Department of Education in Indiana said e-learning days were proving a“great success”.He said most Indiana schools already use digital devices during lessons,so it was an“easy decision”to extend this to days when schools are closed.He denies the decision is depriving children of the chance to enjoy the snow.“Students are still able to enjoy snow days and outside time,”he said.“Many have PE and science assignments that have them out enjoying the weather.”But local school superintendents in Ohio are resisting proposals to adopt e-learning days.They fear that students without internet access at home will be disadvantaged by the policy,and superintendent Tom Roth is concerned that e-learning days will offer a lower quality of education.G)There are also so-called“blizzard bags”,with assignments that children take home ahead of an expected snowclosure.But Mr Roth says it is not sufficient as a replacement.“I think we still need the class time to give our kids the education that they deserve,”he said.“Youcan't get that with a blizzard bag or doing the work from home like that.It's not going to be as effective.”H)There is a long-running debate on whether missing days of school affects attainment.In England,there hasbeen a focus on tackling absenteeism(旷课)from school.The Department for Education(DFE)published research in2016arguing that missing any days at school could have a negative impact on results.Even a few days lost in a year could be enough to miss out on getting a good exam grade,the DFE's research concluded.This differed from the findings of a study from Harvard University in the US,which concluded that missing a few occasional days because of the weather did not damage learning.I)The Harvard study examined seven years of school results data and could not find any impact from snowclosures.What caused moredisruption was when schools tried to stay open in bad weather,even though many staff and pupils were absent.But weather can make a difference to school results,according to another piece of Harvard research published last summer.It's hot weather that has the negative impact.The results of 10million school students were examined over13years and researchers found a“significant”link between years with extremely hotweather and lower results.J)It's obvious that students should go to school every day to get the most out of education.In cases of extreme weather students don't always have that option.However,research shows that authorised absences from school such as during extreme weather are less problematic for students than absences that are not authorised.This is because unauthorised absences tend to reflect patterns and behaviours of student disengagement,or the possible negative attitudes of parents towards education that students adopt and carry with them through schooling.The level of impact on students'educational performance is all to do with the length of time that a student is absent from school and how regularly this occurs.36.There is opposition to the practice of giving children assignments to take home before extreme weather forcesa school closure.37.New policies adopted by many US schools require students to do online learning at home in case of a schoolclosure38.According to some research,extreme hot weather negatively affects students'performance.39.There is a time-honoured tradition in the US for school kids to stay at home on“snow days”.21·2024年6月四级真题(第三套)·40.Debates on social media show some parents are opposed to ending the“snowday”tradition.41.In more northern regions of the US,school is less likely to be affected by snowy weather.42.Research indicates absences from school with permission do not cause as many problems as those withoutpermission.43.There is objection to e-learning days owing to fear that students with no access to the Internet at home willsuffer44.In a pilot programme,students are given electronic devices to doassignments when schools areclosed.45.A long-standing debate is going on over the impact of school absences on students'academic performance.Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.It may sound surprising,but you don't have to be interested in fashion,or even in history,to enjoy Dress Codes:How the Laws of Fashion Made History.I happen to be interested in both,and ended up enjoying the book for completely different reasons.Richard Thompson Ford is a law professor,and you probably won't forget that for even one page.His carefully reasoned arguments,packed with examples,sound almost like reading a court opinion,only maybe wordier.You will probably never think of fashion as a trifle again.Ford's thesis is that the best way to understand what particular fashions meant in any given era is to look at the restrictions placed on them.Through this lens,he shows us that the first laws passed in the1200s to ensure that only the nobility were allowed to wear certain fabrics,colors and ornaments reflected the rise of the middle class,who were now able to imitate some of these fashions.The status of the upper classes was threatened; fashion was a tool to preserve it.Ford takes the reader through the evolution of fashion while examining the underlying motivations of status sex,power,and personality,which,he assumes,influenced all innovations in fashion in the past and which continue to influence us today.His writing is more than alittle dense—dense with research,clauses,and precise adjectives and nouns.But there's also humor and enough interesting episodes to make the writing appealing.No one is spared his sharp analysis:not the easy targets of19th century women's crippling(伤害身体的)fashions nor the modern uniforms of Silicon Valley T-shirts.But the greatest strength of this book(on fashion!)is its intellectual profoundness.Ford asks us to question unconscious beliefs,to realize thatwe almost never do so,to understand that the simplest choices are charged with meaning,and yet that meaning can and does change all thetime.Consider the fact that a1918catalog insisted that boys and girls be dressed in the appropriate color.We believe our thinking today is evolved;Ford shows us it's not.46.What does the author think of the book Dress Codes:How the Laws of Fashion Made History?A)It is read by people for entirely different reasonsB)It is meant for those interested in fashion history·2024年6月四级真题(第三套)·22C)It makes enjoyable as well as informative reading.D)It converts fashion into something for deliberation.47.How can people best understand a particular fashion in an era,according to Ford?A)By examining the restraints imposed on it.C)By glancing at its fabrics,colors and ornaments.B)By looking at what the nobility were wearing.D)By doing a survey of the upper and middle classes.48.What was the aim of the first laws passed regarding fashion in the1200s?A)To facilitate the rise of the middle class C)To help initiate some novel fashions.B)To loosen restrictions on dress codes.D)To preserve the status of the nobles.49.What does the author think of Ford's writing?A)It uses comparison and contrast in describing fashions of different erasB)It makes heavy reading but is not lacking in humor or appealC)It is filled with interesting episodes to spare readers intolerable boredom.D)It is characteristic of academics in presenting arguments.50.What does the author say is the greatest strength of Ford's book?A)Plentiful information.B)Meaningful choices.C)Evolved thinkingD)Intellectual depthPassage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the followingpassage.The art of persuasion means convincing others to agree with your point of view or to follow your course of action.For some ofus,persuasion is an instinctive quality and the power of influencing comes naturally.For the rest of us,persuasion skills can be learned and developed over time.Employers place a great value on employees with persuasion skills because they can impact several aspects of job performance.Besides,teamwork and leadership rely heavily on the power of persuasion to get things done.Without persuasion skills,employees may not be as committed to or convinced of the importance of an organization's vision and long-term mission.Effective use of persuasion skills will not only help get your coworkers excited about your ideas,it'll also help you motivate them to achieve a common goal.In order to learn the art of persuasion at the workplace,you need to understand how to handle conflicts and reach agreements.Good communication is the first step in effective persuasion,but logic and reasoning are just as important.Before you can get somebody on-board with your goal,you should help them understand why they should pursue ing visual aids to back up your ideas can help communicate your ideas better and make compelling arguments so your listeners will come to a logical choice and become fully committed to your ideas and plans.Successful persuasion skills are based on your ability to have positive interactions and maintain meaningful relationships with people.In order to sustain thoserelationships,you must be able to work in their best interests as well.Your coworkers are more likely to agree with you when they succeed alongside you.The more they achieve and the greaterprogress they make,the more they trust your judgement and strength.We persuade and get persuaded every day—we're either convincing or being convinced.A vast majority of people prefer collaboration and teamwork over traditional organizational structures;no one likes to be told what to do or to be pushed around.Therefore,organizations and leaders should adopt powerful persuasion skills to bring about necessary changes.23·2024年6月四级真题(第三套)·51.What does the author say about the ability to be persuasive in the first paragraph?A)People may either be born with it or be able to cultivate it.B)It proves crucial in making others follow one's course of action.C)It refers to the natural and instinctive power of influencing one's coworkers.D)People may view it as both a means to convince others and an art of communication.52.Why are persuasion skills greatly valued in the workplace?A)They enable employees to be convinced oftheir long-term gains.B)They enable employees to trust their leaders unconditionally.C)They help motivate coworkers to strive for a common goal.D)They help an organization to broaden its vision effectively.53.What should people do to learn the art of persuasion atthe workplace?A)Acquire effective communication skills.C)Understand the reason for pursuing their goalsB)Avoid getting involved in conflicts with others.D)Commit themselves fully to their ideas and plans54.When are you more likely to succeed in persuading your coworkers?A)When they are convinced you work in their interests while sacrificing your own.B)When they become aware of the potential strength of the judgements you make.C)When they become aware of the meaningful relationships you keep with them.D)When they are convinced they will make achievements together with you.55.Why are organizations and leaders advised to adopt powerful persuasion skills to bring about necessarychanges?A)To convince employees of the value of collaboration.B)To allow for the preferences of most people of todayC)To improve on traditional organizational structuresD)To adapt to employees'ever-changing working styles.PartIV Translation(30minutes) Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.汉语中的“福”字(the character fu)表示幸福和好运，是中国传统文化中最常用的吉祥(auspicious符号之一。