高中英语 必考非谓语动词(不定式)精讲精练 新人教版必修5

高中英语必考非谓语动词（不定式）精讲精练新人教版必修5不定式1．不定式作主语eg: 1. To play with snow is very interesting.2. It is important to study English well.3. To be obeyed is natural to her.练习： 1. ______( die ) for people is a glorious thing.2. ______( talk ) with him is a great pleasure.3. ______( see ) is to believe.4._____________________ (beat) in the home match was a disgrace to them..5. 在一个小时之内记住所有这些单词是不容易的。

（翻译成英文）2．不定式作表语eg. 1. Her daughter’s wish is to become a singer.2. She seems to go with us.3.The boy seems to have been beaten.练习： 1. Her work is ______( look )after the children.2. My aim is ______( go ) to Tsinghua University.3. She seemed ______( think ) about the problem.4. He appeared _____________________ (wait) for a long time.5. The box seems _________________ (move).3．不定式作宾语Eg. 1.He wants to go to the zoo tomorrow.2. I don’t know what to do.3. The company’s new car has ________________(design) in two months.练习：1. They wanted ______( get ) on the bus, didn’t they?2.He said he wished______(be )a professor.3.I agreed______ (go ) there with the doctor.4.They asked __________(send) to work here.5.He promised ________________(wait) at the door when she came out.4.不定式作宾语补足语Eg. 1. She told her child not to play on the street.2.I saw her come into the building.3. We believe him to have gone abroad.练习：1. I didn’t want my parents ______(help ) me.2. We’d prefer you _______( take ) the job instead of Zhang.3. The school ordered all the classroom ______( clean ).4. My parents expect me _______( go )to a ideal university.5. Joan promised the dinner ______( cook ) before we returned.5.动词不定式作定语Eg. 1. The last one to arrive will pay the meal.2. Please give me something to eat.3. This is the rule to be followed.练习1. The next train _________(arrive) was from New York.2. On Sundays, he always has a lot of letters_____________( write) .3. We students should have the courage ____________(face) any difficulty.4. She has a child _________(take) care of.5. He has no friend __________(depend) on.6.Pual said, “Give me a chair ____________, please.”A. to sitB. sitC. sit onD. to sit on7. They have found the way (in which)__________ ( solve) the problem.8. The case ____________________ (investigate) is rather complicated.6. 动词不定式作状语Eg. 1. We study hard ( in order) to serve the people heart and soul.2. I hurried to the station only to find the train had left.不定式作状语可以表示行为的目的、结果、原因等1. I‘m saving up __________ (buy) a computer. ( )2. He didn't run fast enough t______________(catch) the train. ( )3. I am glad __________(see ) you. ( )4. He was very sad _____________ (lose) his puppy. ( )7. 独立成分Eg. To tell you the truth, I don’t believe him.To be honest, I don’t l ike this book..8. 请写出只能接不定式作宾语的动词。

2021年高考英语一轮复习语法专题非谓语动词（测）（含解析）新人教版必修5（时刻50分钟；满分100分）班级_________________姓名_____________考号_________________得分_______________________I 语言知识及应用 (共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空 (共20小题；每小题2分，满分30分)When I was in middle school, a poisonous spider bit my right hand. I ran to my mom for ___1___ —but instead of taking me to a doctor, my mom set my hand ___2___. After wrapping my hand with several layers of cotton, then soaking it in wine, she put a chopstick into my mouth, and ___3___ the cotton. Heat quickly went through the cotton and began to roast my hand. The sharp pain made me want to scream, but the chopstick ___4___ it. All I could do was watch my hand burn–one minute, then two minutes– ___5___ mom put out the fire.At that time, there was no doctor available my mother could bring me to see about my spider bite.For those who study biology, you may have grasped the science ___6___ my mom’s cure: heat deactivates(使不活跃)proteins, and a spider’s venom(毒液)is ___7___ a form of protein. It’s ___8___ how that folk remedy actu ally includes basic biochemistry, isn’t it? But I am a PhD student in biochemistry at Harvard. I now know that better, less ___9___ and less risky treatments existed. So I can’t help but ask myself why I didn’t ___10___ one at the time?Now I am happy to report that my hand is fine. But this question remains, and I continue to be troubled by the unequal ___11___ of scientific knowledge throughout the world. Despite the knowledge we have accumulated, we haven’t been so ___12___ in deploying(配制)it to where it’s needed most. We constantly see these problems of poverty, illness, and ___13___ of resources preventing the flow of scientific information. Lifesaving knowledge we take for granted in the modern world is often ___14___ in underdeveloped regions.While studying at Harvard, I saw ___15___ scientific knowledge can help others in simple, yet profound ways. The bird flu pandemic in the 2000s looked to my village like a spell cast by devils. When I realized that simple hygiene(卫生)practices like ___16___ different animal species could contain the spread of the disease, and that I could help make this knowledge available to my village, that was my first “Aha” moment as a budding scientist.Harvard dares us to dream big, to aspire(立志)to change the world. Here on this Commencement Day, we are probably thinking of ___17___ destinations and big adventures that await us. As for me, I am also thinking of the farmers in my village. My experience here ___18___ me how important it’s for researchers to communicate our knowl edge to those ___19___. Because by using the science we already have, we can probably bring my village and thousands like it into the world you and I take ___20___ every day. And that’s an impact every one of us can make!语篇解读：这是一位哈弗博士生在毕业典礼上演讲内容的一部分。

非谓语动词1. As a new driver, I have to practice ________ the car in my small garageagain and again.A. parkingB. to parkC. parkedD. park2. Due to the heavy rain and flooding, ten million people have been forced________ their homes.A leaving B. to leave C. to be left D. being left3. Throughout history, the language ________ by a powerful group spreadsacross a civilization.A speaking B. spoken C. to speak D. to be spoken4. The great hall was crowded with many people, ________ many children________ on their parents' laps.A. including; seatedB. including; seatingC. included; satD. included; sitting5. Yesterday a street-beggar bought a lottery ticket purposelessly, ________him a millionaire overnight.A. makingB. makesC. to makeD. made6. ________ the big snake, the little girl stood under the tree ________ outof life.A. Seeing; frightenedB. Seeing; frightening.C. Seen; frightenedD. To see; frightening.7. - Were you at home last Sunday?- Yeah! I devoted the whole day to ________ the English grammar.A. reviewB. reviewingC. be reviewedD. being reviewed8. To tell you the truth, I'd rather read than watch television; the programsseem ________ all the time.A. to get worseB. to be getting worseC. to have got worseD. getting worse9. After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid oneducation, with girls as well as boys ________ to go to school.A. to be encouragedB. encouragingC. encouragedD. beencouraged10. ________ that it was going to snow, the climbers decided to put off theirattempt on the highest mountain.A. Having toldB. Having been toldC. TellD. Telling.11. ________ time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the hands of theircharacters with only 3 fingers and a thumb.A. To saveB. SavedC. SavingD. Having saved.12. I am busy ________ for the entrance examination, so I can't help________ housework at home.A. preparing; doingB. preparing; to doC. to prepare; doingD. to prepare;to do13. In order to protect our planet, ________.A. all kinds of pollution should be reducedB. we should reduce all kinds of pollutionC. the environment should be protected firstD. it's important to protect our environment14. Hoping he would not be seen, Bob stole in, ________ his schoolbag andrushed out.A. picking upB. picked upC. to pick upD. having picked up15. ________ money if you can and many poor children in the poormountainous areas will be able to go back to school.A. Having givenB. GivenC. To giveD. Give.16. While listening to pop music, ________.A. she felt asleepB. the light went outC. someone knocked at the doorD. and she couldn't help laughing17. ________, J. K. Rowling is considered to be the best fiction writer.A. Having sold millions of copies of her books.B. Because millions of copies of her books are sold.C. Sold millions of copies of her books.D. Selling millions of copies of her books.18. - Did you enjoy yourself last night?- It's very nice of you. I appreciated ________ to the party.A. to be invitedB. to have invitedC. being invitedD. having beeninvited19. If you go to the West Lake in Hangzhou, you will find it more attractivethan commonly ________.A. supposingB. to supposeC. supposedD. being supposed20. - Kate shouldn't have done that sort of thing.- Whatever she did was reasonable, ________ to what you had done. Besides, it's none of your business. Get down to ________ your work.A. comparing; doingB. comparing; doC. compared; doingD. compared;do21. The woman found it no good ________ her daughter too much money.A. givingB. being givenC. givenD. gave22. He felt it a great honour ________ to visit me when I was in his city.A. to have been takenB. to have takenC. having takenD. being taken23. Her dress has become loose. She appears ________ weight.A. to loseB. being lostC. losingD. to have lost24. The building ________ will be completed in a month. It will be our labbuilding.A. to paintB. being paintedC. to have paintedD. painting25. I find these problems are easy ________.A. to be worked outB. to work them outC. to work outD. to be workedthem out26. - What do you think of last night's lecture?- ________ speaking, I thought it was rather boring.A. RealB. GeneralC. FairD. Honestly.27. Nancy let me repeat her instruction ________ sure that I understood whatwas ________ after she was away on business.A. to make; to be doneB. making; doingC. to make; to doD. making; todo28. The purpose of new drugs used on patients is to make them less painful,________ them more terrible.A. not makeB. not to makeC. not makingD. do not make29. Last night I saw Yang Weiwei lying in bed, ________ in deep thought.A. lostB. losingC. to loseD. being lost30. - Is it ________ the bad smell that is difficult?- Of course.A. how getting rid ofB. got rid ofC. to get rid ofD. being got rid of31. The ________ look in her face suggested that she ________ it before.A. surprising; wouldn't knowB. surprised; hadn't knownC. surprising; hadn't knownD. surprised; shouldn't know32. - The last one ________ pays the meal.- Agreed!A. arrivedB. arrivesC. to arriveD. arriving33.. ________ in a simple living atmosphere was what her parents wished for.A. The girl to be educatedB. The girl educated.C. The girl's being educatedD. The girl was educated.34. – What do you think made him so sad?- ________ his new wallet.A. As she lostB. Lost.C. LosingD. Because of.35. The bank is reported in the evening paper ________ in broad daylightlast week.A. to be robbedB. to have been robbedC. robbedD. having been robbed36. - Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.- Sorry. With so much work ________ my mind, I almost break down.A. filledB. fillingC. to fillD. being filled37. If we have illegal immigrants ________ in, many local workers will losetheir jobs.A. cameB. comingC. to comeD. having come38. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ________ could be heardoutside the classroom.A. opened and closedB. to be opened and closedC. being opened and closedD. to open and close39. Bob is never willing to alter any of his opinions. It's no use ________with him.A. to argueB. arguingC. arguedD. having argued40. Mark often attempts to escape ________ whenever he breaks trafficregulations.A. having been finedB. to have been finedC. to be finedD. being fined41. When I caught him ________ I stopped buying things there and starteddealing with another shop.A. cheatingB. cheatC. to cheatD. to be cheating42. Although the movie had already been on for ten minutes, I still was notable to find a seat ________.A. to sit onB. to sitC. for sittingD. for me sitting43. He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk ________the good opportunity.A. to loseB. losingC. to be lostD. being lost44. The old farmer, ________ the badly-injured and wounded soldier, cameout of the burning house, ________ for help.A. supporting; callingB. supported by; calledC. being supported by; calledD. being supporting; called45. ________ the exam, the boy was punished by his father.A. No passingB. Having passedC. Not passingD. Not having passed.46. ________ made her parents very angry.A. Jane's engaging BlackB. Jane's being engaged to Black.C. Jane having engaged to BlackD. Jane has engaged to Black.47. The thief missed ________ and ________.A. to be caught; to break awayB. being caught; breaking awayC. to be caught; broke awayD. being caught; broke away48. ________ from what he said, he must be the thief who has stolen the car.A. JudgingB. JudgedC. To judgeD. Judge.49. Time ________, I can have done it better.A. permitB. be permittedC. permittingD. to permit50. I don't know whether you happen ________, but I'm going to study in theU. S. A. this September.A. to be heardB. to be hearingC. to hearD. to have heard。

非谓语动词顾名思义，非谓语动词就是不能作谓语的动词。

包括：不定式、现在分词、过去分词和动名词。

不定式1.不定式的构成不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成，在某些情况下to 也可省略。

不定式一般有时态和语态的变化，通常有下表中的几种形式（以do为例）：1)不定式的一般式不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生，或是在它之后发生。

如：They invited us to go there this summer. 他们邀请我们今年夏天去那儿。

He stood aside for me to pass. 他站到一边让我通过。

2)不定式的完成式不定式的完成式所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，它在句中可作表语、状语、宾语，有时也可作主语、定语等。

如：She seemed to have heard about this matter. 她似乎已听说过这件事。

I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 我很抱歉让你等了这么久。

I meant to have told you about it, but I happened to have animportant thing to do.我本来想告诉你这件事的，但我碰巧有一件重要的事要做。

It has been an honor for me to have traveled so much in your country.对我来说，在你们国家旅行这么多地方是一件很荣幸的事情。

3)不定式的进行式不定式的进行式表示正在进行的与谓语动词同时发生的动作。

它在句中可以用作除谓语以外的所有成分。

如：It’s nice of you to be helping us these days.你真好，这些天一直帮我们。

He pretended to be listening to the teacher carefully. 他假装在认真地听老师讲课。

胆置黑词考，牖讲含蜜g)讲义非谓语动词是高考语法填空和短文改错必考热点语法工程之一。

现结合典型考题对非谓语动词的考点进行梳理和总结，帮助大家明确考点，找出解题规律和方法。

一、考查非谓语动词作主语能作主语的非谓语动词有不定式和动名词。

两者的区别是：表示某一具体的动作时、多用不定式；表示比拟抽象的一般的行为倾向时，多用动名词。

当动名词或不定式短语较长时，常用it作形式主语放在句首而把动名词或不定式短语放于句末。

(典例】(ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.解析：Ignoring。

分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是will be,因此前面局部是主语，应该使用动名词短语作主语。

二、考查非谓语动词作宾语不定式和动名词都可作动词或介词的宾语。

有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如want, wish, hope, manage, demand, promise, refuse, pretend, plan, offer, decide, agree, expect等。

有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，如admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, forgive, imagine, keep, mind, miss, practice, resist, risk, suggest, deny, stand 等。

有些动词或动词短语后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词作宾语，如forget, remember, regret, mean, try, go on等，但意义上有区别。

[典例1 ] I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.解析：wear改为wearing”介词by后应接动名词作宾语。

非谓语动词非谓语动词包括不定式(to do)、动名词(－ing)、现在分词(－ing)与过去分词(－ed)。

它们不受主语人称动词不定式定义：动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语，但它仍保持动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语。

1. 不定式的一般式：一般式表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词表示的动作或状态的同时或之后。

当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动式(to be done).eg: He seemed to be tired. The building to be finished next month is for our teachers.2. 不定式的进行式：进行式表示动作正在进行，与谓语的动作同时发生。

e.g. When I went to his home, he happened to be traveling around the world.3. 不定式的完成式：如果不定式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示动作或状态之前，就用完成式；若是在此基础上的被动含义，就用完成被动式( to have been done).e.g. He is said to have written a novel about the Long March.He is said to have been taught French when he was a child.4. 不定式的完成进行式：如果不定式的动作是在谓语所表示的时间之前一直在进行或有可能继续进行的动作，就要用完成进行式.eg: We’re happy to have been working with the experts all the month.二、不定式的用法：1. 不定式做主语：不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。

而动名词doing 表示习惯的，经常的动作。

高中英语非谓语动词精讲精练—动词不定式动词不定式的构成动词不定式由“to+ 动词原形”构成，如：to study, to play，动词不定式虽然不能作谓语动词用，但仍留着动词的特征，它可以带有所需要的宾语或状语而构成动词不定式短语，如：to study hard, to play table tennis。

动词不定式的句法作用:动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。

主语：不定式做主语，常常用it做形式主语，而把不定式放后面表语：多说情况下，不定式做表语，可转换为做主语宾语：只能做某些动词的宾语，一般不做介词的宾语定语：不定式做定语，要放在修饰词的后面状语：不定式做状语，其逻辑主语要和主语一致动词不定式的形式变化：1. 不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种：(1)把不定式置于句首。

如：To get there by bike will take us half an hour.To take exercise every day is beneficial to health.To solve this problem in such a short seems impossible.To do that sort of thing is foolish.(2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。

如：①It＋be＋名词＋to doIt’s our duty to take good care of the old.②It takes sb+ some time +to doHow long did it take you to finish the work?③It＋be＋形容词＋for sb＋to doIt is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.④It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋to doIt is stupid of you to write down everything the teachersays.⑤It seems (appears) ＋形容词＋to do seem 常用句式为“It seems that …..”和“sb seems to do sth …..”表示“似乎、好像”的意思。