基础英语语法大全_附练习题

英语基础语法试题及答案一、选择题（每题1分，共10分）1. Which of the following is the correct spelling?A. colourB. colorC. colouringD. coloure答案：B2. The word "university" is a noun that means:A. a place to studyB. a type of buildingC. a large schoolD. a small town答案：C3. What is the past tense of "write"?A. writB. wroteC. writingD. writen答案：B4. Choose the correct option to complete the sentence:- I have never been to Paris, but I _______ to go theresomeday.A. wantB. am wantingC. have wantedD. wanted答案：C5. The phrase "a piece of cake" is commonly used to mean:A. a dessertB. something easy to doC. a piece of musicD. a slice of bread答案：B6. The correct form of the verb "to be" for the third person singular in the present tense is:A. amB. isC. areD. be答案：B7. What is the comparative form of "big"?A. biggerB. biglyC. bigestD. more big答案：A8. The word "although" is used to show:A. a reasonB. a resultC. a contrastD. a question答案：C9. The correct sentence structure for a simple past tense sentence is:A. Subject + past form of the verb + objectB. Subject + to + base form of the verb + objectC. Subject + base form of the verb + objectD. Subject + present form of the verb + object答案：A10. The word "fewer" is used with:A. countable nounsB. uncountable nounsC. both countable and uncountable nounsD. neither countable nor uncountable nouns答案：A二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）11. I ______ (go) to the cinema last night.答案：went12. She ______ (not watch) TV after dinner.答案：doesn't watch13. There ______ (be) a lot of people at the concert.答案：were14. ______ (not) forget to turn off the lights when you leave.答案：Don't15. The children ______ (play) in the park when it started to rain.答案：were playing16. I ______ (be) very busy tomorrow, so I can't meet you.答案：will be17. ______ (not) talk loudly in the library.答案：Please don't18. They ______ (have) a great time at the party last night.答案：had19. ______ (be) careful when you cross the street.答案：Be20. She ______ (study) English for three years.答案：has been studying三、改错题（每题1分，共5分）21. He don't like to play football. (改为正确形式)答案：He doesn't like to play football.22. She was very tired, so she went to bed early. (这句话是正确的，无需修改)23. They are going to have a meeting tomorrow morning. (改为过去时)答案：They were going to have a meeting yesterday morning.24. I am speak three languages. (改正错误)答案：I can speak three languages.25. The weather is too hot today. (这句话是正确的，无需修改)四、翻译题（每题2分，共10分）26. 他昨天去了图书馆。

专门替中国人写的英语语法第一章英文文法的最基本规则英文和我们中文最大的不同，是在动词，我们中文的动词很简单，没有所谓的第几人称，也没有复数和单数之分，更没有过去式或进行式，英文可不同了，凡是用动词的时候，必须注意很多很多的规则，一旦弄错了，常常是犯了大错。

在这一章，我要将英文最基本的规则一一列下。

这些规则都是我们中国人所常常不注意的。

为了不要误导读者，凡本书内错误的句子前面都有〝＊〞的符号。

规则（１）：两个动词是不能联在一起用的。

在中文，我们常说“我是爱你的”，翻成英文，这就变成了＊I am love you.滑稽的是，这句英文句子犯了大忌，因为〝am〞是动词，〝love〞也是动词，两个动词是不能联在一起用的。

这句话的正确说法是：I love you. 或者I am in love with you.我们中国人也会说〝我喜欢看电视〞，翻成英文，这变成＊I love watch television.这个句子也犯了同样的错。

以下几个句子都是错的，因为这些句子中都有两个动词连在一起的情形：＊I hate eat fish.＊I love play basketball.＊I love swim.如果你一定要讲“我爱游泳”，怎么办呢？请看以下的规则。

规则（２）：如一定要同时用两个动词，后者的前面必须加“to”或者将后者加入“ing”。

“我爱游泳”，因此有两种正确的译法：I love to swim.I love swimming. 以下的句子都是正确的：I hate to eat fish.I hate eating fish.I love to play basketball.I love playing basketballI keep going to church.规则（３）：主词如果是第三人称，现在式及单数，动词必须加s.我们中国人最不容易记得的规则，恐怕就是这一条了，以下的句子都是错的。

＊He write very well.＊Jack love playing the violin.＊Mary swim every day.正确的句子是：He writes very well.Jack loves playing the violin.Mary swims every day.规则（４）：绝大多数的否定的句子，不能直接加“not”。

四年级英语基础语法练习题30题1.She is a student. There are many students in the classroom. How many _____ are there in your class?A.studentB.studentsC.a studentD.the student答案：B。

本题考查名词复数。

A 选项缺少复数形式；C 选项a student 是单数形式；D 选项the student 是特指某个学生，不符合题意。

B 选项students 是复数形式，符合题意。

2.There is a book on the desk. There are some _____ on the shelf.A.bookB.booksC.a bookD.the book答案：B。

本题考查名词复数。

A 选项是单数形式；C 选项a book 是单数形式；D 选项the book 是特指某本书，不符合题意。

B 选项books 是复数形式，符合题意。

3.The teacher is in the classroom. There are some _____ on the blackboard.A.wordB.wordsD.the word答案：B。

本题考查名词复数。

A 选项是单数形式；C 选项a word 是单数形式；D 选项the word 是特指某个单词，不符合题意。

B 选项words 是复数形式，符合题意。

4.There are some apples in the basket. There is an _____ on the table.A.appleB.applesC.a appleD.the apple答案：A。

本题考查名词单数。

B 选项是复数形式；C 选项a apple 语法错误，应该是an apple；D 选项the apple 是特指某个苹果，不符合题意。

一、选择题1．If you can’t read the article, it will be meaningless to you. The –less in the word “meaningless” means .A．with B．without C．full of D．out of B解析：B【解析】句意：如果不会读这篇文章，它对你来说就是没有意义的。

单词meaningless中less的意思是什么？with和…一起；without没有；full of充满；out of出来，出于…。

less是一个表示否定意思的后缀，从句意中我们也可以看出，不会读文章，那么文章对你来说就是没有意义的，所以less就是没有的意思，选B。

2．I bought the tomatoes ________ the vegetable stall.A．at B．in C．on D．from A解析：A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：我在蔬菜店买了西红柿。

考察地点介词。

at后跟小地点，in 后跟大地点，on 表示在….上面，from表示来自。

这里the vegetable stall 是一个小地点，所以前用介词at。

3．—Do you know the girl ________ red skirts?—Yes, she is my sister.A．at B．on C．in D．to C解析：C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——你知道穿红裙子的那个女孩吗？——是的，她是我的妹妹。

考查介词辨析。

at在……；on在……上；in穿，在……； to到……。

根据下文“Yes, she is my sister.”可知上文是“穿红裙子的那个女孩”，in red skirts表示“介词短语作后置定语”。

the girl in red skirts表示“穿红衣服的那个女孩”，根据题意，故选C。

4．The bird’s singing came into my room ______ the window and woke me up in the early morning.A．down B．from C．through D．across C解析：C【解析】【详解】句意：鸟儿的歌声透过窗户进入我的房间，一大早就把我吵醒了。

Contents第一部分语法讲解第一讲词类、句子成分、构词法 (3)第二讲名词 (4)第三讲代词 (6)第四讲数词 (9)第五讲冠词 (10)第六讲形容词和副词 (12)第七讲介词 (19)第八讲动词（一）动词概述 (21)第九讲动词（二）动词时态和语态 (25)第十讲动词（三）非谓语动词及动词辨析 (29)第十一讲连词 (35)第十二讲简单句 (36)第十三讲句子成分 (39)第十四讲简单句句式 (42)第十五讲并列句和主从复合句 (43)第二部分巩固与提高测评测评一名词 (47)测评二代词 (48)测评三数词 (51)测评四冠词 (52)测评五形容词和副词 (54)测评六介词 (58)测评七动词 (60)测评八连词 (69)测评九句子 (70)测评十交际用语 (75)第三部分语法网络图第一讲：词类、句子成分和构词法：2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。

如：who, she, you, it .3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。

如：good, right, white, orange .4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。

如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。

如：am, is,are,have,see .6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。

如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly.7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。

如：a, an, the.8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。

如in, on, from, above, behind.9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。

如and, but, before .10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。

基础英语语法大全Contents第一章名词1.名词的数2.名词的格第二章代词1.人称代词2.物主代词第三章冠词与数词1.冠词2.数词第四章一般现在时态第五章现在进行时态第六章句型1．陈述句2．疑问句3．祈使句4．There be 句型与have\ has第一章名词（Noun）名词的概念在生活中，我们会接触到各种各样的人和事物，用来表示这些人或事物名称的词就是名词。

一、名词的数名词的数指名词的单数和复数形式。

可数名词表示“一个”时用单数，“两个以上”时用复数；不可数名词表示量时，通常用“数词+单位+of+物质名词”的形式，如a piece of bread (一片面包)，变为复数时，只须将单位名词变为复数，如：two pieces of bread(两片面包)。

*名词复数的构成法则1. 一般情况下在词尾加 s. 词尾读音shop --- shops (商店) 在清辅音后读[ s ]bag --- bags (书包) 在浊辅音后读[ z ]window --- windows (窗户) 在元音后读[ z ]2. 以s, x, sh, ch 结尾的单词在词尾加es。

class --- classes (班级) 词尾读音[ iz ]box --- boxes (盒子)match --- matches (比赛)brush --- brushes (刷子)3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i 加es.story --- stories (故事) 词尾读音[ iz ]4. 以“元音字母+y”结尾的词，在词尾直接加skey --- keys 词尾读音[ z ]monkey --- monkeys5.以“o”结尾的名词，复数一般在词尾加“s”, 但个别加“es”tomato --- tomatoes (西红柿) 词尾读音[ z ]potato --- potatoes (土豆)zoo --- zoos (动物园)photo --- photos (照片)*（以“o”结尾，复数加“es”）口诀：黑人(Negro)英雄(hero)，左手拿着西红柿(tomato)，右手拿着破土豆(potato)，头顶一个大芒果（mango）。

英语语法规则总结及练习题一. 名词（Noun）名词是表示人、事物、地方、抽象概念等的名称。

以下是一些常见的名词规则和用法：1. 单数名词和复数名词的形式变化：- 一般情况下，名词的复数形式加上“s”，如：book → books。

- 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，将“y”改为“ies”，如：baby → babies。

- 以“s”、“sh”、“ch”、“x”或“o”结尾的名词，加上“es”，如：bus → buses，box → boxes。

- 部分名词的复数形式特殊，需要记忆，如：child → children，woman → women。

2. 可数名词和不可数名词：- 可数名词可以计数，有复数形式，如：book，books。

- 不可数名词不能计数，没有复数形式，如：water，money。

3. 名词所有格：- 一般情况下，名词所有格在名词后面加上“'s”，如：Tom's book。

- 对于以“s”结尾的复数名词，只需在名词末尾加上“'”，如：the students' books。

二. 动词（Verb）动词是表示动作、现象或状态的词语。

以下是一些常见的动词规则和用法：1. 动词的时态和语态：- 一般现在时（Simple Present Tense）：表示经常性的行为或客观事实，如：He likes apples.- 一般过去时（Simple Past Tense）：表示过去发生的动作或状态，如：She ate an apple.- 现在进行时（Present Continuous Tense）：表示现在正在进行的动作，如：They are playing soccer.- 过去进行时（Past Continuous Tense）：表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，如：I was studying at 8 pm yesterday.- 现在完成时（Present Perfect Tense）：表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，如：I have finished my homework.- 过去完成时（Past Perfect Tense）：表示过去某一时间点之前已经发生的动作，如：She had already left when I arrived.2. 动词的形态变化：- 一般情况下，动词的现在分词形式（动名词）在动词末尾加上“ing”，如：play → playing。

英语语法习题目录第一讲主谓一致第二讲名词第三讲代词第四讲动词分类第五讲动词时态第六讲被动语态第七讲虚拟语气第八讲助动词第九讲不定式第十讲 V-ing形式第十一讲 V-ed形式第十二讲形容词／副词第十三讲介词第十四讲连词第十五讲 It的用法第十六讲定语从句第十七讲名词性从句第十八讲状语从句第十九讲倒装句第一讲主谓一致I.学习重点从句或非谓语动词作主语时的主谓一致表示数量的名词词组作主语时的主谓一致由连接词连接的主语与谓语的一致集体名词作主语时的主谓一致“主语+with/as well as 等短语”的主谓一致Ⅱ．重点讲解主语和谓语的一致主要指谓语动词必须和作主语的名词或人称代词在人称和数上保持一致。

处理主谓一致关系主要遵循以下3条原则。

①语法一致原则，即谓语的单、复数形式依主语的单、复数形式而定：主语为复数，谓语动词用复数；主语为单数或是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。

②就近一致原则，即谓语动词的人称和数要与它最邻近的名词或代词保持一致。

③意义一致原则，即不以语法形式而从意义着眼处理一致关系，若主语形式上为复数，但意义上是单数，谓语动词需用单数；若主语形式上为单数，而意义上是复数，则谓语动词用复数。

Ⅲ、自测题1．The committee ______(be) unable to agree on the policies．2．The committee ______ (have) decided to give the workers more financial help．3．Why he entered the house and how he managed to get out of it without being seen by people ______ (remain) a mystery to us all．4．Three years in a strange land ______(seem) like a long time．5．He is one of those men who never ______(care) how they look．6．Law and order ______(mean) different things to people with different political opinions．7．She’s the only one of these women who ______ (play) bridge well．8．After the exams ______(be) the time to relax．9．War and peace ______(be) a constant theme in history．10．How is it that your answer and your neighbour’s ______(be) identical? 11．If either of you ______(take) a vacation now,we will not be able to finish the work．12．One third of the population ______(be) working in factories．13．There ______(be) a bed and two sofas in the room．14．What he left me ______(be) three small rooms.15．The crowd at the basketball game ______(be) wild with excitement.16．None of the students ______(have)finished the exam yet．17．A large crowd of people ______(have) gathered under the Town Hall clock．18．All but he and I ______(be) going to the Exhibition．19．Each soldier and sailor ______(be) given a gun．20．Attending on campus concerts ______ (be) part of the pleasure of college life．21．There ______(be) more than one answer to your question．22．A number of pages ______(be) found missing．23．This is one of the books that ______(tell) an authentic story of World War Two．24．The cat with her kittens ______(be) sitting in the sun．25．What ______(be) your weekly wages?26．Bacon and eggs ______(make) a hearty breakfast for a growing boy．27．Dancing and skating ______(be) my chief delights．28．Only one of the students who______(have) read the article can answerthe question．29．John is the only student who ______(have) read the book．30．The number of secretaries in this company ______(be)never under 100．31．Five hundred dollars ______(be) spent yesterday.32．It is I who ______(be) responsible for this.33．To visit the parks and museums ______(be) really enjoyable．34．Every word and phrase in this dictionary ______(be) important．35．What he wants ______(be) a recorder and a radio．36．There ______(be) many a reason why this book sells well．37．What caused the damage of these cars ______(remain) unknown．38．Two thirds of my friends ______(have) been abroad．39．Two thirds of the crop ______(have) been damaged by the storm．40．The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes ______(have) been translated into many languages．41．A thousand miles no longer ______ much to us today,for modern jets can easily get us over this distance within a few hours．A)meant B)meanC)means D)will mean42．It is reported that about two-thirds of the factory’s property_______ in the fire．A)are lost B)have been lostC)were lost D)has been lost43.Statistics ______ a rather modern branch of mathematics．A)are B)wereC)is D)are to be44．Every means ______ tried out but never with success,as far as my knowledge goes．A)is B)has beenC)are D)have been45．The woman writer and Oscar Award candidate _______ a collection of short stories．A)have just turned out B)has just turned outC)have just been turned out D)has just been turned out46．The athlete,together with his coach and several relatives,_____ to the Olympic Games．A)are traveling B)is travelingC)were traveling D)have been traveling47．Not only I but also Tom and Mary ______ fond of watching television．A)am B)isC)are D)have48．The audience _______ requested to be in their seats by 7:00．A)have B)hasC)are D)is49．Your trousers ______ too long．______ to be shortened a little.A)are;They need B)is;It needsC)are;It needs D)is;They need50．Different forms of government agency ______ different functions．A)is B)areC)has D)have第二讲名词I.学习重点可数名词与不可数名词名词的复数词尾变化形式名词所有格名词作定语复合名词作定语时的数单位词Ⅱ．重点讲解名词是表示人、事物和抽象概念的词，它在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、同位语以及后置定语。

一、初中英语语法归纳本文归纳了词法、八种基本时态以及三大基本从句, 是历年中考英语必考语法点。

（一）词法1.名词（1）名词的可数与不可数可数名词指表示的人或事物可以用数来计量, 它有单数与复数两种形式。

不可数名词指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。

物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目, 来统计, 都成为不可数名词。

不可数名词前一般不能用冠词a、an来表示数量, 没有复数形式。

要表示“一个……”这一概念, 就须加a piece of这一类短语。

要注意许多名词在汉语里看来是可数名词, 在英语里却不可数。

如：chalk, paper, bread, rice, grass, news等。

（2）名词复数的规则变化A.一般情况下加-s。

B.以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾的加-esC.以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i再加-esD.以f, fe结尾的, 去掉f或fe, 变成v再加-es（3）名词的所有格A.单数名词词尾加’s, 复数名词词尾若没有s, 也要加’s。

如: the worker's bike, the Children’s ballB.表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人的名字后加.s若表示各自所有，则需在各个名字后.s。

如: This is Lucy and Licy’s room.These are Kate's and jack’ s rooms.C.如果是通过在词尾加—s构成的复数形式的名词, 只加’。

如: the students’books, the girls’blouses(另外: 名词+of+名词名词是有生命的, 我们就用’s结构来表示所有关系。

如果名词所表示的事物是无生命的, 我们就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系。

)2.代词人称代词, 物主代词, 反身代词, 指示代词, 不定代词（1）人称代词第一人称单数I me my mine myself复数 we us our ours ourselves第二人称单数 you you your yours yourself复数 you you your yours yourselves 第三人称单数 he him his his himselfshe her her hers herselfit it its its itself复数 they them their theirs themselves （2）物主代词物主代词的用法: 形容词性物主代词后面一定要跟上一个名词；名词性物主代词可作主语、表语、宾语。

小学英语语法练习题及答案一、名词练习1. 单复数名词- 单数名词变复数名词：- Book → Books- Child → Children- Foot → Feet2. 名词所有格- 表示所有关系的名词：- The cat's tail (猫的尾巴)- My father's car (我爸爸的车)答案：1.- Books- Children- Feet2.- The cat has a long tail.- His car is new.二、动词练习1. 动词的时态- 现在进行时：- She is reading a book.- 一般过去时：- They walked to school.2. 动词的第三人称单数- He plays football every day.答案：1.- She is reading a book now.- Yesterday, they walked to school. 2.- He plays football every day.三、形容词和副词练习1. 形容词比较级和最高级- 比较级：Bigger, faster- 最高级：The biggest, the fastest2. 副词的使用- 副词修饰动词：- She runs quickly.答案：1.- The cat is bigger than the dog.- This is the fastest car in the race.2.- She runs quickly to catch the bus.四、代词练习1. 人称代词- 主格代词：I, you, he, she, it- 宾格代词：me, you, him, her, it2. 物主代词- 形容词性物主代词：my, your, his, her, its - 名词性物主代词：mine, yours, his, hers, its答案：1.- I am going to the park. (主格)- Can you pass the ball to me? (宾格)2.- This is my book. (形容词性)- The book is mine. (名词性)五、介词练习1. 表示时间的介词- In, on, at- In the morning, on Monday, at 5 o'clock2. 表示地点的介词- In, on, at, to- In the classroom, on the desk, at the zoo, to the library答案：1.- I wake up in the morning.- We have a party on my birthday.- The meeting starts at 3 PM.2.- The cat is in the box.- The book is on the table.- We go to the park.六、疑问句练习1. 一般疑问句- Do you like apples?- Does she have a sister?2. 特殊疑问句- What is your name?- Where are you going?答案：1.- Yes, I do.- No, she doesn't.2.- My name is Tom.- I am going to the cinema.。