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姓名，年级：时间：第二部分语法精析第一节谓语动词（动词的时态和语态、主谓一致）考向分析热考点语法填空重点考查一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时的时态、语态和主谓一致。
短文改错集中在上下文时态不一致，语态错误，主谓一致错误,及v。
.ing和v。
.ed的误用；偶尔考查情态动词(＋动词原形)的基本用法。
新考向2019高考全国Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的语法填空共6处考查上下文判断时态，其中有2处是现在完成时.题型一关于谓语动词的语法填空Tip 1辨明时态标志词1.错误! some Inuit people in Nunavut (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements。
.。
(2019·全国Ⅰ)答案have reported解析考查时态和主谓一致。
根据时间状语in recent years可知，主句用现在完成时态,主语为some Inuit people，故填have reported。
2．Irene said,“I don’t see any reason to give up work。
I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I (make）错误!。
.."（2019·全国Ⅱ)答案have made解析考查动词的时态.根据定语从句中的时间状语over the years可知，此处用现在完成时态。
故填have made.3。
Since 2011,the country （grow) more corn than rice.(2018·全国Ⅱ)答案has grown解析考查时态和主谓一致。
由时间状语since 2011可知，句子用现在完成时，主语the country是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用has grown.4．The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 错误!—when the government(start) a soil.testing program which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 错误!，fertilizer use dropped by 7。
突破2020-2022高考英语专题：语法填空和短文改错语法填空和短文改错都是高考英语中重要的试题，它们都能检查学生的英语基础掌握情况，尤其是语法知识的掌握情况。
本专题分为三讲：第一讲语法填空，第二讲短文改错，第三讲不可不知的20条语法规则；最后是专题专项集训。
第一讲语法填空语法填空重在语境中考查考生的综合语言运用能力。
它是命题人在预先选好的一篇地道的英语文章中，在保证句子成分、结构和语法等有效解题信息基本完备的基础上，挖去10个空所为，这10个空根据有无提示词可分为有提示词类和无提示词类两种。
【了解命题规律】从近三年高考来看，语法填空的考点分布如下：一、有提示词类：设置7个小题低频考点,代词：0～1题。
一般给出人称代词的主格，要求考生填其宾格、名词性或形容词性物主代词、反身代词等。
二、无提示词类：设置3个小题【掌握备考策略】一如何应对提示词为动词题【思维流程】二如何应对提示词为其他词题【思维流程】三如何应对纯空格题【思维流程】【即时训练】AAs the rain starts to pound on the windows，you may find your dog hiding under a low piece of furniture or in the corner of a dark room.It’s not unusual for a dog to attempt 1. (become)grounded during storms by seeking 2. lowest place in the house or some place near the house’s pipes.But why？As you might suspect，noise is one of the 3. (reason).Thunderstorms can frighten dogs with noise phobia，4. is asevere fear of loud noises.Noise phobias can start at any age and worsen over time if 5. (leave)untreated.Another reason is static electricity(静电).During a thunderstorm，static electricity in the clouds builds up，eventually 6. (burst)into lightning.Dogs can sense this static electricity，and often even before the storm reaches our own neighbourhood.Static electricity 7. (feel)by dogs through their fur.It could be 8. (help)to gently lead your dog to the bathroom and into the bathtub as the porcelain(瓷器)may 9. (actual)help block static electricity. At the same time，try not to take care 10. your dog too much.Otherwise，your dog may think that its behavior is something you’d like to see again.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。
小题提分练2语法填空＋短文改错限时30分钟第1组——————————————————语法填空(原创)If your country does not have its own treeplanting day, maybe you should suggest it on social media! That is 1one man in Turkey recently did.On Twitter, Enes Sahin suggested 2(set) aside a day for planting trees in Turkey. He then asked others to support his idea. And they did. His tweet 3(quick) went viral. Sahin wrote, “Let's dedicate a day for all 82 million people in the country, including the children and the elderly, to plant trees. Let's set 4 example to the world and hand down a green country to the upcoming generations.”Turkish officials took notice. Rumeysa Kada, Turkey's deputy, tweeted, “This is an 5(amaze) idea. It will be on our agenda for tomorrow.” Kada later 6(meet) with Sahin to discuss his idea. Then the Turkish President promised to undertake 7 (responsible) to make sure that Turkey has a national treeplanting day.Even if your country does not have any special day 8 events for tree planting, you can always go it alone! Canadian Ken Chaplin holds the world record for the most trees 9(plant) in one day by a single person. On June 30, 2001, he planted 15,170 red pine seedlings by 10(he)．答案与解析【语篇解读】如果你的国家没有国家植树日，你可以在社交网站提出你的建议，土耳其市民Enes Sahin就是这么做的，并受到土耳其官方的关注，官方答应商议设立国家植树节。
姓名，年级：时间：小题提分练7 语法填空＋短文改错限时30分钟［侧重训练冠词、代词和介词(短语)]错误!错误!错误!———————————————-语法填空(原创)You studied hard, and passed your exams。
Now you just need to plant some trees if you want to graduate。
错误! May, the Philippines passed a law called The Graduation Legacy for the Environment Act.错误! requires all elementary, high school, and college students to plant “at least 10 trees each as a prerequisite （前提）for graduation”．Trees will be planted in forests, mangroves (红树林）, protected 错误!（area)， and reservations. In the 20th century， the Philippines 错误!（lose）more than 30 percent of its forest cover, 5 (main） because of illegal logging. This new bill calls on young people 错误!（change）the trend。
Under 错误! new initiative （倡议）, about 175 million new trees could be planted by students each year. If only 10 percent of them survive, there will still be 525 billion new trees 错误!（grow) taller after just one generation。
题型二 短文改错一、动词形式动词形式的错误设置一般包括以下三个方面：1．动词的时态和语态错误。
2．主、谓不一致的错误。
3．非谓语动词的误用。
[典例1] One was that...And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.(2019·全国Ⅱ)[is→was 考查动词的时态。
整篇文章使用的都是一般过去时，且上文中的“One was that...”用的也是一般过去时，所以最后一句话时态应为一般过去时。
这里讲述当时做决定时的原因。
故将is改为was。
][典例2] Now my dream is to opens a cafe.Though it may appear simple，it required a lot of ideas and efforts.(2019·全国Ⅲ)[opens→open 不定式作表语，to后用动词原形。
故把opens改为open。
required→requires 后一句考查动词的时态。
短文的主体时态是一般现在时。
故把required 改为requires。
][典例3] I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident.(2019·全国Ⅰ) [interesting→interested 考查形容词。
短语become interested in意为“变得对……感兴趣”。
interesting有趣的，吸引人的，通常描述事物；interested感兴趣的，通常描述人的感受。
本句主语是人，故把interesting改为interested。
][典例4] If I succeed in manage one，I will open more.(2019·全国Ⅲ)[manage→managing 考查非谓词动词。
2020届二轮专题7 短文改错分类讲解高考英语短文改错历来是考生的一个难点，因为它考察的是考生的综合语言运用能力，涵盖英语语言的各个层面。
但是综合分析历年试题我们不难发现短文改错是有规律可循的，考察的常考考点是固定的。
因此，考生只要具备较扎实的英语基础知识，在此基础上明确有那些考点，分解练习各个考点，再综合到短文中有意识的在只要出现考点的地方停顿核查，不断练习，定会有提高。
一、考点规律分析短文改错对形容词与副词的考查主要涉及形容词和副词比较等级的误用（尤其是在本身已是比较级的词前误加more）、形容词与副词的混用（如修饰动词时误用形容词或修饰名词时误用副词）等，另外，用作表语时该用形容词的却误用了名词、简短副词（如in，down 等）的误加与漏用、涉及形容词搭配的as…as 结构、how 与what 的混用等也是常考的考点。
二、真题单句归纳[（1）After an hour or so we began to feel very frightening. （frightening 改为frightened，因它表示某人感到害怕，而不是令人害怕）（全国卷）（2）Charles said，“As soon as I see a realy tall building，I want to climb it. （realy 改为really 或real，若改为really，则修饰tall；若改为real，则修饰building）（全国卷）（3）Last Sunday，police cars hurry to the taller building in New York. （taller因much 不能用来修饰形容词的原级，尽管它可用来修饰比较级和最高级）（全国卷）（10）I‘m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. （wonderfully 改为wonderful，因它是放在名词前作定语）（全国卷）（11）First，let me tell you something more about myself. （去掉more，因从上下文看，这是第一次给对方写信，不存在谈谈“更多情况”的问题）（全国卷）（12）I used to play ping-pong a lot in my spare time，but now I am interesting in football. （interesting 改为interested，be interested in 意为“对……感兴趣”）（全国卷）（13）Also，the sport teaches us the important of obedience. （important 改为importance，teach 后可接名词或代词作宾语，但不接形容词作宾语）（全国卷）（14）Unfortunate，there are too many people in my family. （Unfortunate 改为Unfortunately，因此处要求用副词作状语）（全国卷）（15）I think I liked those classes because I felt that they helped me understand what the world works. （what 改为how，how 在此表示方式）（北京春季卷）（16）After learning the basics of the subject，?? nothing else seemed very practically to me. （practically 改为practical，此处用形容词作表语）（北京春季卷）（17）Whenever I see them I will often think of my English teacher. （去掉often，因句中的whenever 与often 意义重复）（全国卷）（18）What things are in other homes，I wonder. （What 改为How，句意为“不知其他家庭的情况是怎样的”）（全国卷）（19）For instance，one night he played strong and loudly music till four o‘clock in the morning. （loudly 改为loud，与strong 并列作定语，修饰music）（北京春季卷）（20）But he is difference now. （difference改为different，即用形容词作表语）（北京春季卷）（21）The time passes quickly. Evening came down. （去掉down，要表示“夜幕用形容词）（年广西卷）（28）Yes，a concert can be very excited. （excited改为exciting，表示某事物是“令人兴奋的”用exciting；表示某人“感到兴奋”才用excited）（四川卷）（30）Nowadays millions of people of all age take pleasure in a hobby which is both interested and fun. （interested 改为interesting，指某事物是“令人有趣的”，用interesting，表示某人“对…感兴趣”时，用interested）（浙江卷）（31）She called 119 immediate. （immediate改为immediately，用作状语，要用副词）（福建卷）（32）However，?? we seldom felt lonely or helplessly. （helplessly改为helpless，在系动词felt后作表语，要用形容词）（年天津卷）三、模拟单句演练（1）I‘ll try to be more carefully next time.（2）China is much more bigger than the United States.（3）There are few boys than girls in our class.（4）He says that skiing is much exciting than skating.（5）The more money you make，the most you spend.（6）He found someone was following her，so she felt frightening.（7）It was real very dangerous. You might have injured yourself.（8）In fact，we finished the work without any difficult.（9）Look at the asleep boy. How lovely！（10）The fish tastes well；why not have a try？（11）Last week was very rain. I didn‘t go out the whole week.（12）The sun rises in the east and sets down in the west.（13）I promise to return back before 10.（14）The book contains much use information. It‘s well worth reading.（15）This is quite far the mostly expensive bicycle in the shop.（16）The workers warm welcomed us at their offices.（17）Oh，it‘s simply wonderfully to see you here！（18）She is in more he alth now than she was last year.「参考答案」（1）carefully 改为careful，用形容词作表语。
姓名，年级：时间：第三节名词、冠词和数词考向分析热考点语法填空：名词考查重点为单复数，变动词和形容词；冠词是考查热点，多关注固定结构；数词考查较少。
短文改错：名词重点考查可数名词未用复数和不可数名词误用复数；冠词的误用和漏用都要关注；数词考查基数词变化为序数词。
新考向2019全国卷中减少了对名词单复数的考查,加强了对名词变动词或形容词的考查。
题型一关于名词、冠词和数词的语法填空1．No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in 错误! (activity) on Earth Day.（2019·北京)答案activities解析考查名词复数。
根据设空前的修饰词various可知，此处要用名词的复数形式。
故填activities。
2．Making Chinese （dish） is seen as especially troublesome。
（2018·浙江)答案dishes解析考查名词复数.dish菜肴，为可数名词，中式菜肴有很多种，故此处用dish的复数形式。
3．A mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all (cause）．(2018·全国Ⅰ）答案causes解析考查名词复数。
cause表示“原因，起因"时是可数名词，前面有all，故填cause的复数形式。
4．This trend，which was started by the medical community(医学界) asa method of fighting heart disease，has had 错误! unintended side (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing themedical community was trying to fight。
题型二短文改错一、动词形式动词形式的错误设置一般包括以下三个方面：1．动词的时态和语态错误。
2．主、谓不一致的错误。
3．非谓语动词的误用。
[典例1] Onewasthat...AndtheotheristhatIwantedtohelppeopleinneed.(2019·全国Ⅱ) [is→was考查动词的时态。
整篇文章使用的都是一般过去时，且上文中的“One was that...”用的也是一般过去时，所以最后一句话时态应为一般过去时。
这里讲述当时做决定时的原因。
故将is改为was。
][典例2]Nowmydreamistoopensacafe.Thoughitmayappearsimple，itrequiredalotofideasandefforts.(2019·全国Ⅲ)[opens→open不定式作表语，to后用动词原形。
故把opens改为open。
required→requires 后一句考查动词的时态。
短文的主体时态是一般现在时。
故把required改为requires。
][典例3] Ibecameinterestinginplayingfootballthankstoasmallaccident.(2019·全国Ⅰ)[interesting→interested考查形容词。
短语become interested in意为“变得对……感兴趣”。
interesting有趣的，吸引人的，通常描述事物；interested感兴趣的，通常描述人的感受。
本句主语是人，故把interesting改为interested。
][典例4] IfIsucceedinmanageone，Iwillopenmore.(2019·全国Ⅲ)[manage→managing考查非谓词动词。
succeed in doing sth.成功做某事。
]二、名词的数名词单复数的错误设置一般包括以下三个方面：1．可数名词单复数的错用：一般考查错把复数用作单数，有时也考查错把单数用作复数。
