牛津英语9B-U4-Life-on-Mars

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源-于-网-络-收-集 牛津英语9B

Unit4 Life on Mars

【重点词汇】

1、look for,find,find out

这三个词都有“找”的涵义,但具体用法有别:

1)look for意为“寻找”,是有目的地找,强调“寻找”这一动作。如:

—What are you looking for?

—I'm looking for my bike.

2)find意为“找到”“发现”,强调“找”的结果,其宾语往往是某个丢失的东西或人。如:

—Did you find Li Ming yesterday?

—No,we looked for him everywhere,but didn't find him.

3)find out着重表示通过理解、分析、思考、询问等“弄清楚”“查明”一件事情,其后的宾语常常是某个情况、事实。如:

Please find out when the train leaves.

Have you found out why he was late?

2、take 拿,取

take sth with sb 把某物带在身边

take sth/sb to sp 把某人/某物带到某地

E.g You should take an umbrella with you.

Can you take my bag to the classroom please?

【拓展】take的用法

1)表示“乘坐某一交通工具”

Shall we go there by bike or take a taxi?

They usually take a bus to work.

2)表示“花费”,常常和it连用,it在句子中作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式。

How long will it take you to do your homework every day?

3)吃,喝,服用,放

Will you take a glass of milk?

Take the medicine three times a day.

Do you take sugar in your milk?

4)表示“(顾客在商店)选取,买下”相当于buy/get

That’s cheap.I’ll take it.

5)含有take的短语

take exercise 运动,锻炼 take off 起飞;脱下 take away拿走

take a look (at) 看一看 take down取下 take out拿出,取出 ====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删====

源-于-网-络-收-集 take care of照顾 ake part in 参加 take place发生 take pictures照相

例:当我小的时候,我父母经常带我去我家附近的公园。

( ) When you are swimming, your ears.You can use earplugs(耳塞) to stop water

getting into your ears.

A take after B take part in C take off D take care of

3、rapid adj. 快的

rapidly adv.

【辨析】fast/quick/rapid

1) 表示人的动作之迅速,三者都可用,有时可换用。如:

a fast /rapid/quick worker 做事手脚快的人

a fast /rapid/quick typist 打字快的打字员

2)fast 表示“快”,侧重指速度方面。如:

She ran as fast as she could. 她有好快就跑好快。

You are reading too fast for me to follow. 你读得太快,我跟不上。

注:询问速度或表示钟表走得快等,通常用 fast。如:

How fast is the fish swimming? 这鱼游得有多快?

My watch is 5 minutes fast. 我的表快 5 分钟。

3)quick 通常表示某一动作来得突然或时间持续很短,有时还含有匆忙之意(但通常不指动作的频率)。如:

He gave her a quick kiss. 他突然吻了她一下。

He had a quick look at it. 他匆匆地扫了一眼。

She ate a quick breakfast and rushed off to work. 她匆匆吃了早餐就赶去上班。

注:催人快做(快走等),通常用 quick。如:

Be quick! 快点!

4) rapid 比另外两词要稍正式些,通常指突然或急速(且连续不断)的动作。如:

a rapid burst of machine-gun fire 机枪声骤起

He asked questions in rapid succession. 他连珠炮似地发问。

注:另外 rapid 还有一个特殊用法,即指一种有益的高速度(相比之下,fast 和 quick 有时指无益的急速)。如:

He made rapid progress in English. 他在英语方面取得了很快的进步。

4、increase n.增长,增加 v.增长,增加

E.g The popular of the earth is increasing very fast.

【辨析】increase by,increase to

increase to+具体的增长后的数字,表示“增长到...” ====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删====

源-于-网-络-收-集 The population has increased from 1.2milion to 1.8 milion.

人口已从120万增长到了180万。

increase by+倍数或百分比,表示“按多少增长了...百分比/倍”如,

The rate of the town’s population has increased by 2%

该镇的人口率增长了2%

例:上个月费用上升了260%(1800元)。

Cost 260% 1800 last month.

答案: increase by;to

5、a number of,the number of

1) a number of

a number of意思是“许多的;若干,一些”相当于many,后接可数名词复数或代词,谓语动词用复数形式。

a number of词组中还可以加入形容词表示数量大或小等(例如:a large/small/great number of,但不能用little修饰)。

E.g A number of my friends think I should take a holiday.

2) the number of

the number of意思是“...的数字/数目”,介词of同其后名词构成介词短语,修饰the number当它作主语时,谓语动词用单数。例如:

E.g The number of students is about twenty.

6、three-eighths 八分之三

英语中,分数的表达方法是:分子用基数词,分母用序数词;当分子大于1时,分母要用复数形式;分子和分母之间可用连词符连接,也可不用。

One fifth of my classmates are from the countryside.

Two thirds of the earth is covered with water.

注:1)当分数作主语时,谓语动词的形式取决于与分数相关的名词或代词的数。

2)“二分之一”习惯上用one half表示;“四分之一”与“四分之三”用one quarter/three

quarters表示。

7、compare vt.&vi. 比较

It’s hard to compare.

It’s interesting to compare these two cars.

【固定搭配】

1)compare with和...比较

My own problems seem insignificant compared with others.和别人的问题相比,我自己的问题算不得什么。 ====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删====

源-于-网-络-收-集 2)compare... to..把...比作

Poets have compared sleep to death.诗人曾把睡眠比作死亡。

例: (compare)with the older model,the new robot costs less but lasts longer.

8、mean v.

1) 意思是,表示...的意思

What do you mean by saying so?

2) 意味着;就是。后接名词、动名词或that从句

常用结构:mean doing sth意味着做某事

This means that we have to return without any result.

That would mean wasting a lot of water.

3) 意欲;企图。后接名词、代词或动词不定式

常用结构:mean to do sth打算做某事

I’ve been meaning to phone you all weak.

例:I mean here,if I can. (stay)

9、be filled with = be full of 充满,装满

The bottle is filled with water.=The bottle is full of water.

注意:Filled with courage , he went into the cave .此处filled 表示“充满了的”指处于一种状态。

此外,fill作为动词可用其主动形式,亦可构成另外短语。如: Fill the bottle with sand .把瓶子装满沙子。

Fill in the blanks .填空。

【辨析】be filled with强调动作

The trucks are filled with apples.

be full of 强调状态