高考英语专题练习（九）必修5Unit1-Unit2高频词汇分类解读1．defeat/beat/win这三个词都有“赢”的意思,但其用法不尽相同.（1）defeat和beat是同义词,其宾语必须是“人或一个集体”.如a team, a class, a school, an army等. defeat 侧重在战场上打败敌人,beat常用于游戏或比赛中,但在平时运用中常替换使用.（2）win表示在较强的竞争中取得了胜利,常带的宾语有:game, war, prize, fame, battle等. win还可作为不及物动词来用.用defeat, beat, win填空（1）He ______ all his opponents in the election.（2）Peasants ______ the drought and reaped a good harvest.（3）After a heart to heart talk, I ______ his belief at last.（4）The enemy’s plot was ______ very soon.（5）We wouldn’t have ______without your help.（6）Mary ______ first prize for swimming.2．cure/treat/heal（1）treat指通过药物、特别的食品或运动治病,强调治疗过程, treat sb. for sth. 医治某人……病;还可作“对待,看待”讲, treat...as把……看作/视为.（2）cure意为“治愈, 痊愈”,特别指病后的恢复健康.其后可接表示疾病的名词或代词,也可接sb. of再加表示疾病的名词.另外,还可作“矫正,纠正”解,借喻指消除社会上某种不良现象或个人恶习等.（3）heal意为“治愈”,多用于治愈外伤,如:wound, cut, injury, burn等.（1）He _________ his students as his own children. 他把学生看作自己的孩子.（2）The doctors are trying to ______ him with a new drug. 医生们尝试用一种新药为他治病.（3）His wound is _________ over. 他的伤口正在愈合.（4）The medicine will ______ you of your cough. 这药能治好你的咳嗽.（5）When I left hospital I was completely ______. 出院时我已完全康复了.3．announce/declare（1）announce宣布;宣告(含有“预告”的意思),尤其是大家所关心的或有新闻价值的事情的宣布.用announce 说个人要做某事,常常含有“郑重其事”的意思.（2）declare宣布(如公开声明战争、和平、中立、意见等)用于正式场合.（1）This powerful country _________ war on that small country. 这个大国向那个小国宣战.（2）It was ___________ that there would be a celebration on Sunday. 据宣布,星期日要举行庆祝(活动). 4．apart from/in addition(to)/as well as/except/except for/except that/besidesapart from除……之外(既可以表示except或except for, 也可以表示besides)in addition 也;另外;此外;还(相当于副词besides)in addition to 除……以外还(相当于介词besides)as well as 还;既……又……;也(相当于介词besides)except (＝but)除……之外(不包括在内)except for 除……之外(强调有美中不足)except that (what/when/where)除了……besides 除……之外(包括在内);况且;此外用上述词或词组填空（1）I like her ____________ she is angry.（2）I have read a lot of novels _____________________________________some short stories.（3）Your composition is very good _____________________ some spelling mistakes.（4）___________________, we have a research－oriented program.（5）They all went to sleep ____________________ the little boy.5．辨析:one/the one/ones/the ones/that/those/it这几个词都用来指代前面提到的名词,但是所指内容不同.（1）one代替上文提到的某个可数名词,表示泛指意义,一般指同类事物中的任何一个;而the one代替上文提到的某个可数名词单数,表示特指.（2）ones代替上文提到的可数名词复数形式,表泛指,一般指同类事物中的一些;而the ones指代上文提到的可数名词复数形式,表示特指.（3）that用来代替上文提到的名词,可以是可数名词单数形式,也可以是不可数名词,表示特指.如果代替可数名词单数形式,可以与the one互换.（4）those是that的复数形式,代替上文提到的可数名词复数形式,表示特指,可与the ones互换.（5）it代替前面的同一事物或同一个人.①I want to buy a house, one with a large garden.我想买一座房子,一座带有大花园的房子.②The little boy doesn’t like this apple; h e wants the red one.小男孩不喜欢这个苹果,他想要那个红的.③I bought some new chairs. The old ones should be thrown away. 我买了新椅子,那些旧的也该扔了.④The bike is cheaper than that made in our factory.这自行车比我们厂生产的要便宜. (that＝the one)⑤The population of China is larger than that of Japan.中国的人口比日本的多. (that不用the one 代替)⑥The cars made here are better than those made in my hometown. 这里生产的小汽车比我家乡生产的好.⑦— Who is the person that shook hands with the foreigners? 那个和外宾握手的人是谁?— It is our headmaster. 他是我们的校长.6．divide/separate（1）divide侧重于把一个整体分成若干部分,其后常接介词into, among, between等.（2）separate指把原来连在一起或靠近的“分隔”开来.常与介词from搭配构成separate...from,意为“把……和……分开(隔)”;另外还有“离别,分手”之意.（1）England is ____________ from France by the English Channel.（2）The teacher ___________ the class into 8small groups.（3）He __________ the cake among the children.（4）The child’s parents have ___________.2．quarrel/discuss/argue/debate（1）quarrel表示“争吵,争论”,着重指因意见不一而产生的激烈争论.常与about, over, with连用.（2）discuss用于一般场合,重在交换意见,进行讨论,不含有意说服对方的成分.（3）argue表示“争辩”,以支持或反对,尤指以说服某人为目的.常与about, over, with, against连用.（4）debate着重指在正式场合(比如国会),和意见对立的一方进行全面的、彻底的辩论或争论,重在各述理由,双方交锋.常见搭配为debate on/over sth.（1）I __________ him out of going.（2）They __________ the question openly.（3）He __________ with his brother and rushed out.（4）Let’s ____________ the matter over tea.Ⅰ．单词拼写1．A nurse _____________(照料) to his needs constantly.2．Mr. Smith is a __________(内科医师) in the hospital.3．A scientific theory is the result of the _________(科学的) method.4．She doesn't want to _________(暴露) herself to the public, because she is a shy girl.5．Destruction of the environment is one of the most serious _____________(挑战) we face.Attended physician scientific expose challenges6．He drew a c_____________ after a lot of experiments.7．Who is to b___________ for starting the fire?8．A____________ from your spelling, your composition is rather good.9．Have they a_____________ when the plane will take off?10．You must be c_____________________ when crossing the street.conclusion blame Apart announced cautious/careful11．We have ________________(完成) all we set out to do.12．The ___________(辉煌的) image of Lei Feng will forever live in the heart of the people.13．Please come at your ___________________(方便).14．The old man has a large _________(收集) of old china.15．What he wrote isn’t ___________(一致) with what he told us16．F________ the paper along the dotted line.Accomplished splendid convenience collection consistent fold17．She was t_____________ with terror when she saw the scene of the murder.18．I was d___________ to be invited to her party.19．We are going to Mount Tai for s______________.20．A fine-looking gentleman in a military u__________ has been standing across the corner watching you.Thrilled delighted sightseeing uniformⅡ．语法填空（重点训练题型）1．He speaks English ________ clearly that he can always make himself understood.2．Some people haven’t rea lized something as common as ________(expose) to the sun for a long time will do harm to their skin and even cause skin cancer.3．When I opened the door, I found my father sitting in his chair, completely ________(absorb) in the humorous stories he was reading.4．________(suspect) of being involved in the attempted murder, she was questioned by the police. 5．According to the latest report, human beings are ________(blame) for the abnormal climate around the whole world.6．The convenient media give people the chance to have the information we look forward to ________(deliver) to us quickly and cheaply.7．Apart ________ the lawyers, volunteers from the Libyan Red Cross Society also joined the efforts in helping the Chinese go home safely.8．With so many things ________(fill) my mind, I almost break down.9．I threatened to report the taxi driver for illegally ________(reject)a passenger, but he pointed at his “Not for Hire” sign and drove away.10．Mark was disappointed to know that the plan, which he put ________ after careful consideration, was not well received at the meeting.11．Learning a foreign language calls for your memory, time, patience and a lot of practice. ________ conclusion, it’s not a simple thing.12．Always read the ________(instruct) on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.13．His letter was so confusing that I could hardly make any sense ________ it.14．________ seems that no one knows what has happened in the park.15．Proper measure must be taken to prevent the river nearby from ________(pollute).16．They believe that the illness ________(link) to the use of chemical pesticide.17．He made a positive contribution ________ the overall success of the project.18．The Whites are very strict ________ their children and in their work as well.19．Even whisky cannot cure him ________ his anxieties.20．Teaching young children is a ________(challenge) and rewarding job.21．Canada is a country ________(consist) of many different nationalities as well as one with foreign immigrants making up the majority of its population.22．When she came in, she found a stranger ________(seat) at the back of the classroom with his eyes fixed upon her.23．________his credit, Jack never told anyone exactly what had happened.24．The teacher stressed again that the students should not leave ________ any important details while retelling the story.25．Is there any possibility ________ you could pick me up at the airport?26．When ________(ask)if he had any idea what the novel was about, Jack kept silent. He couldn’t have read it very carefully.27．________ was the most important for us to hire employees, the boss said, was their capacities for work rather than their diplomas.28．If what parents say is not consistent ________ what they do, it will have a bad effect on their children. 29．Thousands of foreigners were ________(attract) to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened. 30．Though computers can do a lot of work man can’t do, they can’t completely take the place ________ human beings.31．He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air-conditioning system broke ________.32．My boss arranged for me ________(discuss) business details with someone from another company.33．It is a pity ________ we can’t find the guy who did it.34．Since they couldn’t fit in with each other, some broke away ________ the team.35．What about dividing ourselves ________ four groups?36．________(bring) up in an educated family, he knows a lot about it.37．The guests came in, but she remained ________(stand) at the desk reading.38．On May 12, 2009, a ceremony marking the one-year anniversary of Wenchuan was held in Yingxiu in memory ________ the earthquake victims.39．What do you mean ________ calling me at this time of night?40．She had met Johnson ________ two separate occasions.Ⅲ．短语填空（1）She often ___________ some useful advice. 她常常提出一些有用的建议.（2）The mechanics ______ the engine ______. 机械师把发动机拆开了.（3）What he says ____________. 他说的有道理.（4）The teacher __________ the class ______ small groups for a discussion. 老师把这班分成几个小组进行讨论.（5）If Tim carries on working like this, he’ll ____________ sooner or later. 如果蒂姆继续这样工作,身体迟早会垮掉.（6）You can ____________ the details; just give us the main facts. 你可以省去细节,告诉我们主要的事实就行了.（7）I can’t go to the meeting myself, so Mary will ______________. 我不能亲自出席会议,因此玛丽将替代我. Ⅳ．句型填空1．He brings her flowers _______ he goes to see her. 他每次去看她都给她带花.2．Only in this way ____________________. 只有以这种方式你才能取得进步.3．It’s ___________ he should fail to grasp the chance when it arose. 机会出现时,他竟然没有抓住,真是遗憾. 1．every time 2．can you make progress 3．a pity thatⅤ．阅读理解【河北省衡水中学2017届高三上学期五调（12月）】Given the tradition of students bringing apples to their teachers, it somehow seems fitting that an old apple barn(谷仓) will find a new life as a one-room schoolhouse. And it is just as fitting that a retired schoolteacher will become the caretaker of that historic treasure.My friend Velma, a teacher for more than 30 years, has been retired for some time now, but that doesn’t stop her giving history lessons at the old Englewood School, located on her family’s California farm. The lovingly restored building was constructed around 1850 as a home for a woodsman and later was used as apple barn. Then, in 1870 it began a new life as a schoolhouse.Originally located in the nearby Englewood meadow, it was now moved its current site in 1978 by Velma’s late husband and his brother, Robert and Richard, who thought it would help keep Velma busy in retirement. No nails had been used in the original construction, so each piece of wood had to be carefully marked and the building was reassembled(重装) on its new site. The brothers worked with much care and hard work to ensure a perfect fit of mitered(斜接的) corners.After the relocation, Velma and her family furnished the school with some of its original desks. They also added a collection of schoolbooks, the oldest dating ba ck to 1845. Perhaps the school’s most cherished souvenir is the diploma of student Hettie Essig, who graduated on June 30, 1904. Hettie’s daughter, Flora, presented Velma with the precious keepsake.Nowadays Velma gives tours to local schoolchildren and other groups, who learn what it was like to attend school back in the good old days. She has kids ring the school bell, recite the Pledge of Allegiance and sing “Good Morning to You” as they might have done in days gone by. Then, with twink ling eyes and much enthusiasm, she tells the history of the school, and gives a short sample lesson.1．The Englewood School was originally built as __________.A．a man’ s house B．a schoolhouse C．a restroom D．an apple barn 2．Which word can best describe the school’ s being relocated?A．Inspiring B．Refreshing C．fashionable D．Challenging 3．What does the underlined part “the precious keepsake” in Para 4 mean?A．The school’s original supplies.B．The collection of schoolbooks.C．The oldest schoolbook.D．The diploma of Hettie Essig.4．Which can serve as the best title of the passage?A．The Good Old Days in the Schoolhouse.B．A Mysterious Building with a Long History.C．A Historic One-room Schoolhouse.D．A Teacher Devoted to Restoring Old Buildings.Ⅵ．范文背诵（翻译汉语句子并背诵全文）I admire Edison a lot because of his great contribution to the world. He had more than 1000 inventions. In his life time, he was always eager to know how things worked, which helped him to earn the nickname “the Wizard of Melo Park”. He was also so dilig ent that he worked day and night. And（1）这解释了他为什么有如此多的发明的原因__________________.What impresses me most is his famous saying, “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration”. Probably I cannot be an Edison myself, but I can be a hard working learner.（2）从他身上,我懂得成功的秘密不是你什么时候、在哪里出生的而是你在做什么和怎么做__________________.高考英语专题练习（九）必修5Unit1-Unit2高频词汇分类解读答案1．defeated/beat beat won defeated won won2．treated treat healing cure cured3．declared announced4．except when/in addition to/besides/as well as/apart from/apart from/except for/In addition/Besides/apart from/except5．略6．separated/divides/divided/separated2．argued/debated/quarreled/discuss能力提升——测一测Ⅰ．略Ⅱ．【答案】1．so 2．being exposed 3．absorbed 4．Suspected 5．to blame 6．delivered 7．from 8．filling 9．rejecting 10．forward 11．In 12．instructions 13．of 14．It 15．being polluted 16．is linked 17．to 18．With 19．of 20．Challenging 21．consisting 22．Seated 23．To 24．out 25．that 26．asked 27．What 28．with 29．attracted 30．of 31．Down 32．to discuss 33．that 34．From 35．Into 36．Brought 37．Standing 38．Of 39．By 40．onⅢ．1．puts forward 2．took apart 3．makes sense 4．divided into 5．break down 6．leave out 7．take my placeⅣ．1．every time 2．can you make progress 3．a pity thatⅤ．ADDCⅥ．答案:（1）this explained why he had so many great inventions.（高级句型:表语从句）（2）From him, I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born, but what you are doing and how you do.（高级句型:并列句not...but...）。
