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最新中小学教育资源Unit 4 Do it yourself知识精讲一、必备词汇instruction n. 指示tool n. 工具exactly adv. 正确地repair v.修理instead adv. 代替crazyadj. 疯狂的mistake n.错误advise v. 建议possible adj.可能的course n.课程already adv. 已经attend v. 出席、致力于active adj. 积极的tidy adj. 整洁的complete v. 完成paint n. 涂料二、重点词汇1. instructionnoun /ɪnˈstrʌk.ʃən/something that someone tells you to do指示，命令，吩咐1). The police who broke into the house were only acting on/under instructions.警察破门而入只是奉命行事。
2). He gave me strict instructions to get there by eight o'clock.他命令我必须在8点以前到达那里。
2. insteadadverb /ɪnˈsted/in place of someone or something else作为替代There’s no coffee - would you like a cup of tea instead?没有咖啡——来杯茶怎么样？3. crazyadjective /ˈkreɪ.zi/stupid or not reasonable愚蠢的；荒唐的1). It’s a crazy idea.这是个荒唐的想法。
2). You’re c razy to buy a house without seeing it.看都没看就买下一所房子，你真荒唐。
牛津译林版八年级英语上册Unit4 Do it yourself语法知识点讲解【语法一祈使句】1. 基本概念:祈使句是英语的基本句型之一，表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、劝告、请求或命令等。
【例句】Go and ask the teacher.去问问老师。
Come and meet my family.来见见我的家人。
2.基本特征：(1)祈使句一般没有主语，主语you常省略(2)句末用感叹号或句号(3)肯定结构常以动词原形开头(4)朗读时用降调3.基本结构:肯定句式主要有三种形式:(1)Do型(行为动词原形+其他)Sit down!坐下!Stand up!起立!(2)Be型(Be+表语，如名词、形容词)Be quiet!安静!(3)Let型(Let+人称代词宾格+动词原形+其他成分)Let me help you.让我来帮助你。
注意：为了使祈使句的语气婉转、客气，常加上please“请”一词，构成句式: Please...或... please.【例句】Come here, please.请来这儿。
Please look after your little sister.请照顾你的小妹妹。
否定句式结构：一般情况下，祈使句的否定结构是在动词原形前加don't。
【例句】Don't go there, please.请别去那儿。
Don't let him in.不要让他进来。
【例题解析】单项选择( ) along this street, and you can find the hotel on your right, next to the market.A. WalkB. To walkC. WalksD. Walking解析: 句意:沿着这条街走，你就会在你的右边找到这家宾馆.它紧挨着市场。
我们可用“句子结构分析法”和“语法分析法”解答此题。
从句子结构看，本句是祈使句，祈使句通常以动词原形开头，故选A。
Unit 4 Do it yourself1.明确的说明 clear instructions2.下一步是什么？ What is next？3.had better do sth 最好做某事。
后跟动词原形。
否认形式：had better not do sth4.拿一些工具 get some tools5.一把剪刀 a pair of scissors6.喜欢做新东西 enjoy making something new7.对某事着迷 be crazy about sth8.修东西 repair something9.装饰他的家 decorate his house; decorate…with…用…装饰…10.看起来可怕 look terrible11.once：曾经，一度。
通常放在be 之后，实意动词之前12.try to do sth 尽力做某事： try doing sth 试着做某事13.在他的卧室装一盏更亮的灯 put in a brighter light in his bedroom。
Put in 安装 Put on 穿上，试穿 put up 搭建，张贴 put out 熄灭14.犯错 make a mistake=make mistakes15.断电 have a power cut16.在他卧室的墙上挂一幅画 put up a picture on his bedroom wall. On the wall在墙上〔外表〕 in the wall在墙上〔里面〕17.将房间充满水 fill the room with water。
fill…with…用…充满be filled with =be full of 充满18.将他涂成蓝色 paint it blue19.keep on doing sth 继续做某事20.not only…but also…不仅…而且…当链接两个主语时遵循“就近原那么〞21.above斜上方 over垂直正上方 on物体外表〔接触〕22.one…the other…一个…另一个〔强调两者〕another 另一，又一。
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Do it yourself题一：翻译:房间里烟雾弥漫.那个小男孩用泥土把洞填了起来.题二：翻译：教室里装满了鲜花。
妈妈把冰箱填满了食物。
题三：翻译：我们这座楼有八层。
翻译：她不仅很会演奏，而且还会作曲。
Not only_____ Miss Li _____ music，but also she _____ sports.A. does。
.。
like； likesB。
/..。
likes； likesC. does.。
like; likeNot only Zhou Xia but also her parents ____ fond of watching football matches。
A. will B。
isC。
am D. are题四：翻译：他住在我楼上两层。
翻译：他不但在学英语,而且还在学法语。
Not only ______ run his machine，but _______ repair it。
A. can he；he canB。
he can；can heC. can he; can heNot only you but also he _____ tired of having one examinatio n after another。
一、必备词汇instruction n. 指示tool n. 工具exactly adv. 正确地repair v.修理instead adv. 代替crazyadj. 疯狂的mistake n.错误advise v. 建议possible adj.可能的course n.课程already adv. 已经attend v. 出席、致力于active adj. 积极的tidy adj. 整洁的complete v. 完成Unit 4 Do it yourself知识精讲paint n. 涂料二、重点词汇1. instruction noun /ɪnˈstrʌk.ʃən/something that someone tells you to do指示，命令，吩咐1). The police who broke into the house were only acting on/under instructions.警察破门而入只是奉命行事。
2). He gave me strict instructions to get there by eight o'clock.他命令我必须在8点以前到达那里。
2. instead adverb /ɪnˈsted/in place of someone or something else作为替代There’s no coffee - would you like a cup of tea instead?没有咖啡——来杯茶怎么样？3. crazy adjective /ˈkreɪ.zi/stupid or not reasonable愚蠢的；荒唐的1). It’s a crazy idea.这是个荒唐的想法。
2). You’re crazy to buy a house without seeing it.看都没看就买下一所房子，你真荒唐。
4. possible adjective /ˈpɒs.ə.bəl/able to be done or achieved, or able to exist可能的，有可能做到的1). I can’t get it all done by Friday - it's just not possible.我星期五前无法全部完成——是不可能的。
Unit 4 Do it yourself知识精讲一、必备词汇instruction n. 指示tool n. 工具exactly adv. 正确地repair v.修理instead adv. 代替crazyadj. 疯狂的mistake n.错误advise v. 建议possible adj.可能的course n.课程already adv. 已经attend v. 出席、致力于active adj. 积极的tidy adj. 整洁的complete v. 完成paint n. 涂料二、重点词汇1. instruction noun /ɪnˈstrʌk.ʃən/something that someone tells you to do指示，命令，吩咐1). The police who broke into the house were only acting on/under instructions.警察破门而入只是奉命行事。
2). He gave me strict instructions to get there by eight o'clock.他命令我必须在8点以前到达那里。
2. instead adverb /ɪnˈsted/in place of someone or something else作为替代There’s no coffee - would you like a cup of tea instead?没有咖啡——来杯茶怎么样？3. crazy adjective /ˈkreɪ.zi/stupid or not reasonable愚蠢的；荒唐的1). It’s a crazy idea.这是个荒唐的想法。
2). Yo u’re crazy to buy a house without seeing it.看都没看就买下一所房子，你真荒唐。
4. possible adjective /ˈpɒs.ə.bəl/able to be done or achieved, or able to exist可能的，有可能做到的1). I can’t get it all done by Friday - it's just not possible.我星期五前无法全部完成——是不可能的。
Unit 4 Do it yourself知识精讲一、必备词汇instruction n. 指示tool n. 工具exactly adv. 正确地repair v.修理instead adv. 代替crazyadj. 疯狂的mistake n.错误advise v. 建议possible adj.可能的course n.课程already adv. 已经attend v. 出席、致力于active adj. 积极的tidy adj. 整洁的complete v. 完成paint n. 涂料二、重点词汇1. instruction noun /ɪnˈstrʌk.ʃən/something that someone tells you to do指示，命令，吩咐1). The police who broke into the house were only acting on/under instructions.警察破门而入只是奉命行事。
2). He gave me strict instructions to get there by eight o'clock.他命令我必须在8点以前到达那里。
2. instead adverb /ɪnˈsted/in place of someone or something else作为替代There’s no coffee - would you like a cup of tea instead?没有咖啡——来杯茶怎么样？3. crazy adjective /ˈkreɪ.zi/stupid or not reasonable愚蠢的；荒唐的1). It’s a crazy idea.这是个荒唐的想法。
2). Yo u’re crazy to buy a house without seeing it.看都没看就买下一所房子，你真荒唐。
4. possible adjective /ˈpɒs.ə.bəl/able to be done or achieved, or able to exist可能的，有可能做到的1). I can’t get it all done by Friday - it's just not possible.我星期五前无法全部完成——是不可能的。
2). Is it possible to buy tickets in advance?可以提前订票吗？5. complete verb /kəmˈpliːt/to make whole or perfect使完整；使完全；使完美1). Complete the sentence with one of the adjectives provided.从所给形容词中选择一个将句子补充完整。
2). He only needs two more cards to complete the set.他只需再有两张牌就凑成一副了。
三、必备短语had better最好做某事no problem没问题stand for代表instead of代替make a mistake犯错误fill…with充满……keep on doing sth.保持一直做某事not only…but also不但……而且on the other side of 在另一面make sure确保tidy up 整理keep it secret保密四、经典句型1. It stands for “do-it-yourself”.它代表“自己动手做”。
2. You’d better get some tools.你最好拿一些工具。
3. My cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY.我堂兄安德鲁对DIY痴迷。
4. Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor.现在客厅里不仅墙壁是蓝色的，连天花板和地板也是蓝色的。
5. They couldn’t stay there because one end of the shelf was much higher thanthe other!书无法摆在上面，因为架子的一端比另一端要高得多！三点剖析一、考点：祈使句表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等。
主语通常为第二人称，且被省略，谓语动词用原形，巨末用感叹号或句号，读降调，如：Don’t be late! 不要迟到！（命令语气）Close the window, please. 请关一下窗子。
（请求）注：祈使句中谓语动词无时态和数的变化，形式统一，肯定结构主要有以下下几种：二、易错点：should 与had better的用法情态动词本身有一定的意义，没有人称和数的变化，不能单独作谓语，需与实义动词一起构成谓语。
题模一：Unit 4 词汇应用例1.1.1 You ’d better _________ too much chocolate, or you ’ll get fat fast. A ． not to eat B ． not eat C ． not eating. D ． eat例1.1.2 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。
1). 那人持续阅读这本书一个小时了。
The man kept _________ the book for an hour. 2). 对不起让你久等了。
I ’m sorry to have kept _________ _________ for so long. 题模二：祈使句例1.2.1 _________ to smile at your life when you are in trouble, and you will soon be happy again. A ． Try B ． To try C ． TryingD ． Tried例1.2.2 从方框没选择合适的动词（或动词词组）完成祈使句。
1). Please _________ quiet in the library.2). Don ’t _________ the meeting until it ’s over. 3). Please _________ the cake into many small pieces.随练1.1 ---Yesterday, my father bought me a new mobile phone as a present, but题模精选随堂练习I don’t know how to use it.---Why not read the _________ first before using it?A．expressions B．applicationsC．sentences D．instructions随练1.2---Do you know roses _________ love?---Yes, of course.A．stand for B．belong toC．listen to D．keep on随练1.3It’s raining heavily. We have to stay at home _________going fishing. A．for B．insteadC．instesad of D．instead for随练1.4---Is your brother crazy _________ the computer games?--- No, he isn’t.A．of B．inC．about D．at随练1.5You have worked for several hours. You’d better _________ a rest. A．to stop to have B．stop to haveC．to stop having D．stop having随练1.6从方框没选择合适的动词（或动词词组）完成祈使句。
1. Please _________ to the Bus No. 64.2. _________ when crossing the road.3. _________ your seat to old people.4. Do not _________ the water directly from the tap.5. A train is coming. Please _________ behind the line.自我总结课后作业作业1We all know that PRC _________ “People’s Republic of China”. A．stands for B．stands withC．stand for D．stand with作业2If you try your best now, I am _________ that your dream will come true. A．afraid B．worriedC．interested D．certain作业3--- _________ on the TV, Jim. I’d like to watch the evening news.---Ok, Dad.A．Turn B．TurnsC．Turning D．To turn作业4You look quite tired. You’d better _________ a good rest.A．stop to have B．stop havingC．to stop to have D．to stop having作业5Tom, _________ afraid of speaking in front of people. You are the best one. A．don’t B．notC．not be D．don’t be作业6根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。
1. 你可以采取不同的方式到达那儿，例如，乘汽车。
You can get there _________ _________ _________, _________ _________ by bus. 2. 九点半了。
托尼该睡觉了。
It’s 9:30 now. _________ _________ _________ Tony _________ _________ to bed.3. 单独完成那项工作对这么小的一个孩子来说很难。
_________ _________ _________ such a little child _________ _________ the work alone.4. 不要在两片面包之间放火腿和蔬菜。
