翻译资格考试笔译三级模拟题

翻译三级笔译综合能力分类模拟题35Vocabulary Selection1. A ______ number of people were driven into cities, enjoying th （江南博哥）e conveniences and comforts provided with commercialism.A.bitingB.beguilingC.banteringD.burgeoning正确答案：D[解析] 句子译文：越来越多的人涌入城市，享受商业性提供的便利和舒适。

试题参考解析：A．biting adj. 刺痛的；辛辣的B．beguiling adj. 欺骗的；消遣的C．bantering adj. 风趣的，诙谐的D．burgeoning adj. 迅速发展的，快速生长的选项D的burgeoning意为“迅速发展的”，a burgeoning number of people表示“越来越多的人们”，其他三个选项均不符合句意，故D为正确选项。

2. Cyberspace has become the shorthand for computing devices, networks, fibre-optic cables, wireless links and other ______ that bring the Internet to billions of people around the world.A.infringementB.infirmaryC.infrastructureD.infraction正确答案：C[解析] 句子译文：网络空间已经成为计算机设备、网络、光纤电缆、无线连接和其他基础设施的代名词，这些基础设施将互联网带给世界各地数十亿人。

试题参考解析：A．infringement n. 侵权，违反B．infirmary n. 医务室；医院；养老院C．infrastructure n. 基础设施；公共建设D．infraction n. 犯规，违法行为根据上下文的意思以及举例(computing devices，networks，fibre-optic cables，wireless links)，只有infrastructure符合句意，故C为正确选项。

翻译三级笔译实务分类模拟题经济发展(Economy)ⅠTranslate the following sentences into Chinese.1. I wanted to be a man, an（江南博哥）d a man I am.正确答案：我立志做一个真正的人；我现在终于成了一个真正的人。

2. Keeping the intricacies and complexities out of the picture, let us take the binary opposites of the rich and the poor in the global system.正确答案：姑且把其中的错综复杂的问题放到一边，让我们先看世界格局的贫富两极分化现象。

3. Their host carved, poured, served, cut bread, talked, laughed, proposed health.正确答案：热情的主人又是切肉，又是倒茶，又是上菜，又是切面包，谈啊，笑啊，敬酒啊，忙个不停。

4. In line with the latest trends in fashion, a few dress designers have been sacrificing elegance to audacity.正确答案：有些时装设计师为了赶时髦，舍弃了优雅别致的式样，而一味追求大胆创新。

5. There had been too much publicity about their relationship.正确答案：他们的关系已经闹得满城风雨，人人皆知了。

6. She was more royal than the royals.正确答案：她比皇家成员更有皇家气质。

7. I've known several people who have overcome nail-biting simply by buying 50 nail files and distributing them everywhere: in their pockets, desks and bedrooms.正确答案：我认识几个人，为了克服啃指甲的坏毛病，买了50把指甲剪，并分放到各个地方。

翻译资格考试catti三级笔译模拟题汇总模拟试题可以检测这段时间的备考状况，从而进行更好的备考，今天给大家带来了翻译资格考试catti三级笔译模拟题,希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

翻译资格考试catti三级笔译模拟题【英译汉】As holidays go, Thanksgiving is in some ways the most philosophical.Today we try not to take for granted the things we almost always take for granted. We try, if only in that brief pause before the eating begins, to see through the well-worn patterns of our lives to what lies behind them..In other words, we try to understand how very rich we are, whether we feel very rich or not.Today is one of the few times most Americans consciously set desire aside, if only because desire is incompatible with the gratitude--- not to mention the abundance--- that Thanksgiving summons.【参考译文】在众多节日中，感恩节是最令人深思的节日。

今天，我们会把平时习以为常的事看得很珍贵。

至少会在饭前的片刻，看透一成不变的生活，悟出背后的道理。

换句话说，无论我们觉得自己是贫是富，我们总是把自己看得很富有，今天，难得大多数美国人会有意识地把欲望放置一边，至少拥有一颗感恩的心，更不用说是一顿丰盛的晚宴了。

英语翻译资格考试翻译三级笔译实务2022年模拟题11(总分：100.00，做题时间：180分钟)一、英译汉(总题数：1，分数：50.00)1. In 1876 Tetteh Quarshie, a blacksmith, smuggled the first cocoa beans into Ghana, hidden beneath his box of tools. He is now celebrated as a national hero; his trees, planted in the hills outside Accra, are a tourist attraction. But did cocoa make him rich? "No, " says a guide. "He harvested for the first time, and then he died." West Africans have been seeking fortunes in cocoa ever since. Like Mr Quarshie, they have been short of luck. Ghana andIvory Coast produce about 60% of the world’s cocoa. Yet they mostly sell unprocessed beans. Their cocoa-export earnings are equivalent to less than a tenth of world chocolate sales. Power lies with a small group of trading firms and chocolate-makers in rich countries. "We send raw materials, they add value, " sighs Owusu Akoto, Ghana’s agriculture minister. Ghana and Ivory Coast are trying to claw up the value chain. Ghana is close to finalizing a $600m loan from the African Development Bank, some of which is expected to support cocoa processing. It is also seeking Chinese help to build a state-run processing plant. Observers see cocoa as a test-case for African industrialization. But it is not a very useful model. Cocoa is unlikely to bring much revenue or many jobs. Granted, there have been some successes. About 21% of the world’s cocoa is ground in Africa, up from 15% a decade ago. Ivory Coast grinds nearly a third of its beans and rivals the Netherlands as the world leader by volume. In Ghana’s Tema "free zone", the smell of cocoa is in the air. One of several processors there ships cocoa butter, liquor and cake abroad, while selling chocolate at home. Customers cannot believe it is made in Ghana, chuckles Lloyd Ashiley, the plant manager. Most of the processing in the region is done by the same multinationals that were already grinding cocoa in Europe or elsewhere. In Ghana, firms in free zones get tax breaks. The government, which dominates the cocoa industry, gives a discount on smaller, "light-crop" beans to encourage local processing. But when the cheap beans run out, machines sit idle. Nearly half of capacity is unused. Gone are the days when George Cadbury built model villages for his British workers. A modern cocoa factory is a labyrinth of juddering metal, supervised from behind computer screens. The entire Ghanaian processing industry employsjust a few thousand people. The capital investment required to create one job grinding cocoa in Ivory Coast could create over 300 jobs processing cashew nuts, said the World Bank in 2012. The biggest problem is geography. Most of the value in chocolate comes from marketing and branding. And it is a big step up from grinding to chocolate-making. Consumers are mostly in Europe or North America. Transporting chocolate through tropical climates is a logistical headache. Chocolate consumption in Africa is low. Some artisanal confectioners are breaking the mould. Instant Chocolate, an Ivorian firm, sells posh chocs in flavours including baobab and hibiscus. A Ghanaian brand named 57 Chocolate — for the year of the country’s independence — stamps its bars with the Adinkra symbols more commonly found on Ashanti fabrics. Kimberly Addison and Priscilla Addison, the sisters who founded it, hit upon the idea while living in chocoholic Switzerland. "Why not try to produce a chocolate brand that is uniquely African?" asks Kimberly. But these firms operate on a tiny scale. For wannabe chocolate-makers, alas, there is no golden ticket.（分数：50.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：1876年，一名叫泰特-夸尔希的铁匠把可可豆藏在工具箱下面，将第一批可可豆走私到加纳。

全国翻译专业资格水平考试英语三级笔译综合能力模拟试题全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语三级笔译综合能力模拟试题Section 1: Vocabulary and Grammar (25 Points)This section consists of three parts. Read the directions for each part before answering the questions. The time for this section is 25 minutes.Part 1 Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C, D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1. In Hong Kong, doctors reported that, for unclear reasons, 12 recovered SARS patients had _____ weeks after they had been discharged -- spurring fears that people might be infectious even after they'd left isolation.A. recoveredB. relapsedC. reexaminedD. re-diagnosed2. Current demographic trends, such as the fall in the birth rate, should favor _____ economic growth in the long run.A. slowB. quickenedC. speededD. accelerated3. All students have free _____ to the library.A. passagewayB. entranceC. permissionD. access4. Columbus had accomplished one of the most amazing and courageous _____ in history.A. performanceB. featsC. eventsD. acts5. According to the weather forecast, which is usually _____, it will snow this afternoon.A. exactB. preciseC. perfectD. accurate6. The janitor's long service with the company was _____ a present.A. confirmed byB. recorded withC. appreciated byD. acknowledged with7. What they never take into account is the frazzled woman who is leading a _____ life -- trying to be a good mother while having to pretend at work that she doesn't have kids at all.A. doubleB. hardC. two-wayD. miserable8. Until the final votes are cast, though, assurances _____ for nothing.A. countB. meantC. giveD. account9. Some philosophers insist that one way to _____ knowledge is through an empirical approach.A. disseminateB. classifyC. testD. acquire10. If you think her experience is _____, we will employ her.A. sustainableB. adequateC. strongD. positive11. The trouble is that not many students really know how to make use of their time to its best _____.A. benefitB. advantageC. valueD. profit12. Readers _____ happy endings may find the unvarnished view of modern motherhood a bit unsettling.A. fondB. preferredC. adapted toD. accustomed to13. The explorer told the boys about his _____ in the African forests.A. storiesB. voyageC. adventuresD. trips14. We were working _____ time to get everything ready for the exhibition.A. againstB. inC. onD. ahead15. He drove fast and arrived an hour _____ schedule.A. in advanceB. beforeC. byD. ahead of16. If you hear the fire _____, leave the building quickly.A. warningB. alarmC. signalD. bell17. The troops have been on the _____ for a possible enemy attack.A. alarmB. alertC. warningD. notice18. Although his people did not _____ his efforts, he kept trying.A. agree withB. apply toC. approve ofD. consent with19. Picasso's _____ ability was apparent in his early youth when he started drawing sketches.A. writingB. artisticC. reasoningD. literary20. We hope that the measures to control prices, _____ taken by the government, will succeed.A. whenB. sinceC. afterD. asPart 2 Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences in which one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are four choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C, D. You are to select the ONE choice that can replace the underlined word without causing any grammatical error or changing the principal meaning of the sentence. There is only one right answer. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.21. She bustled about with an assumption of authority.A. airB. suppositionC. appearanceD. face22. Table tennis is easy to learn, and, by the same token, boys don't need a lot of space to practice it.A. by the same ruleB. symbolicallyC. moreoverD. by logic23. The old man sat before the fire in a trance, thinking of his past life.A. in a special positionB. in a cozy stateC. in a sleepy stateD. in a meditative state24. Only the élite of society attended the reception for the new governor.A. those thought of as the best peopleB. the intellectualsC. the white-collar peopleD. the officials25. She embellished the simple dress with colorful embroidery.A. madeB. decoratedC. sewedD. improved26. He felt cheap about rushing to get in line before the old lady carrying heavy parcels.A. felt inferior and ashamedB. felt not worthwhile of doing somethingC. felt bad about doing somethingD. felt unhappy about doing something27. Only individual benefactors and ad hoc grants have made possible the ecological surveys already undertaken.A. additionalB. governmentalC. specialD. organizational28. The dichotomy postulated by many between morality and interests, between idealism and realism, is one of the standard clichés of the ongoing debate over international affairs.A. division into two partsB. combination of two partsC. disparityD. contradiction29. Miguel's perplexity is understandable ― he's an all-purpose maintenance man at a midtown-Manhattan residential building.A. all outB. versatileC. prolificD. capable30. Take the stalemate between the administration and the oil companies for example.A. caseB. deadlockC. conflictD. contradiction31. The sense of mistrust is compounded by smaller annoyances that leave the families feeling as though no one in authority cares about them.A. offsetB. intensifiedC. diminishedD. annulled32. The very ubiquity of electronic communications can have a surprising downside, notes Richard Kohn, a military historian at the University of North Carolina: a wife becomes accustomed to frequent e-mail from her husband, until he can't get to a computer. And then her anxiety increases.A. failureB. undersideC. drawbackD. consequence33. The President took a drubbing from much of the press which had breathlessly reported that a deal was in the bag.A. was sure to be madeB. was being consideredC. was their secret weaponD. was their last resort34. This reflects the priority being attached to economic over political activity, partly caused by a growing reluctance to enter a calling blighted by relentless publicity that all too often ends in destroying careers and reputations.A. divine summonsB. political careerC. professionD. business transaction35. If you can't dig into the field you have chosen for your pursuit, it is hardly possible for you to achieve anything significant in the field.A. acquireB. requireC. accompanyD. accomplishPart 3 Correcting Grammatical ErrorsThis part consists of 15 sentences in which there is an underlined part that indicates a grammatical error. Below each sentence, there are four choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C, D. You are to select the ONE choice and replace the underlined element(s) so that the error is erased and corrected. There is only one right answer. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.36. Just last week, for example, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced the disturbing disclosure that SARS may be pretty deadlier than previously believed.A. veryB. farC. especiallyD. none37. What distinguished her in the other girls was her peculiar hairstyle.A. toB. fromC. thanD. with38. During many sectors are foundering, the $21 billion videogame-software industry is booming, adding game developers at a rate of 2,500 a year in the United States alone.A. WhenB. WhereasC. WouldD. While39. No such weapons were used and none been found.A. none have beenB. none hasC. no other has beenD. no others been40. No thing fuels cynicism for watching two titanic institutions squabble over their reputations.A. No… asB. Something … likeC. Nothing … likeD. No … than41. I see four kinds of pressure working on college students today: economic pressure, parental pressure, peer pressure, but self-induced pressure.A. andB. orC. NilD. with42. The sales manager of the company suggested more money is to spent in a more effective advertising campaign and better packaging design.A. is spending onB. will be spent inC. will be spent onD. be spent on43. According to some scientists, the computer will do much harm to people's health as smoking and drugs do.A. does much harm … smokingB. will do as much harm … cigarettesC. will be doing as much harm… smokingD. does as much harm … cigarettes.44. The general manager demanded the job will be completed before the National Day.A. would be completedB. must be completedC. had to be completedD. be completed45. In his speech at the conference, the Chairman solemnly stated that theresponsibility to our lives and the kind of world in that we live is ours andours alone.A. for … in whichB. of … for whichC. of … in whichD. for … on which46. I knew nothing of the motives behind his recent move, and I don't know either the person to put him up to the action.A. nor did I know … whoB. not did I know … thatC. nor do I know … thatD. either did I know … who47. The achievements of the greatest minds in science could never have been reached if it had not been for the patient and accurate work of hundreds of other people.A. has it not beenB. if it had beenC. if hasn't beenD. had it not been48. The government has hardly taken measures to crack down on these crimes whennew ones occurred.A. Hardly had the government takenB. The government had hardly takenC. Hardly the government had takenD. The government is hardly taking49. I can still vividly remember to pick our steps in the mountain down the deep valley on my 21st birthday.A. picking … in the mountainsB. picking … on the mountainC. having picked … from the mountainsD. picking… from the mountains50. The traffic police stopped three trucks heavily loading with merchandise that looked as grain bags.A. that were loading … likeB. loaded with … likeC. to load with … forD. loaded with … forSection 2: Reading Comprehension (55 Points, 75 minutes)In this section you will find after each of the passages a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage, each with four (A. B. C and D) suggested answers or ways of finishing. You must choose the one which you think fits best. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.Questions 51-56 are based on the following passage.As viewed from space, the Earth's distinguishing characteristics are its blue waters and white clouds. Enveloped by an ocean of air consisting of 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen, the planet is the only one in our solar system known to harbor life. Circling the Sun at an average distance of 149 million km (93 million miles), the Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the fifth largest planet in the solar system. Its rapid spin and molten nickel-iron core give rise to an extensive magnetic field which, coupled with the atmosphere, shields us from nearly all of the harmful radiation coming from the Sun and other stars. Most meteors burn up in the Earth's atmosphere before they can strike the surface. The planet's active geological processes have left no evidence of the ancient pelting it almost certainly received soon after it was formed. The Earth has a single natural satellite -- the Moon.51. Approximately how much of the Earth's atmosphere is nitrogen?A. One-fourthB. One-halfC. Three-fourthsD. All of it52. Which of the following helps to create the Earth's magnetic fields?A. Its blue watersB. Its nitrogen atmosphereC. Its molten metal coreD. The Moon53. What two factors help protect the Earth from radiation?A. Magnetic field and atmosphereB. Rapid spin and molten iron-nickel coreC. The Sun and the MoonD. Blue waters and white clouds54. Why does the Earth show almost no signs of having been hit by numerous meteors in the past?A. Humans have built over most of the craters.B. Most meteors fell into the ocean and not on land.C. The Earth's magnetic field repelled most meteors.D. The Earth's natural geologic activity has eliminated most traces.55. The main idea of this passage is thatA. there are life-supporting characteristics on the Earth.B. The Earth is predominantly water.C. The Earth has no common characteristics with other planets.D. The Earth is the only planet with a moon.56. This selection leads one to believe thatA. The Earth never gets hit by meteors.B. The Earth always gets hit by meteors.C. The Earth was hit by meteors some time in the past.D. The Earth may be bombarded by meteors in the near future.Questions 57-62 are based on the following passage.Since life began eons ago, thousands of creatures have come and gone. Some, such as the dinosaurs, became extinct due to naturally changing ecologic conditions. More recent threats to life forms are humans and their activities. Man has drained marshes, burned prairies, dammed and diverted rivers. Some of the more recent casualties of man's expansion have been the dodo, great auk, passenger pigeon, Irish elk, and Steller's sea cow. Sadly, we can no longer attribute the increasing decline in our wild animals and plant species to "natural" processes. Many species are dying out because of exploitation, habitat alteration or destruction, pollution, or the introduction of new species of plants and animals to an area. As mandated by Congress, protecting endangered species, and restoring them to the point where their existence is no longer jeopardized, is the primary objective of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Endangered Species Program.57. Which of the following is a form of man's habitat alteration?A. Glacial encroachmentB. HurricanesC. Dammed riversD. Snowstorms58. Which of the following has become extinct due to man's destruction?A. African elephantB. Irish elkC. Giant pandaD. White Bengal59. Which of the following would be a likely theme for the next paragraph?A. Naturally changing ecological conditionsB. Animals that have become extinctC. Achievements of the government Endangered Species ProgramD. Programs that have destroyed natural habitats60. The tone of this passage isA. nationalistic.B. pro-wildlife.C. anti-wildlife.D. feminist.61. According to this passage,A. man is the cause of some animal extinction.B. animals often bring about their own extinction.C. Congress can absolutely end extinction of animals.D. a law is more important than human responsibility.62. Which of the following is NOT a cause of increasing decline of wild animal population?A. ExploitationB. PollutionC. Habitat alterationD. Congressional lawQuestions 63-68 are based on the following passage.The "Karat" marking on jewelry tells you what proportion of gold is mixed with other metals. If 14 parts of gold are mixed with 10 parts of base metal, the combination is called 14-Karat (14K) gold. The higher the Karat rating, the higher the proportion of gold in the object. The lowest Karat gold that can be marketed in the United States is 10-Karat gold. Jewelry does not have to be marked with its Karat quality, but most of it is. If there is a Karat quality mark, next to it must be the U.S. registered trademark of the person or company that will stand behind the mark, as required by the National Gold and Silver Stamping Act.63. If a ring is stamped 24K, it hasA. 204 parts of gold.B. 24 parts of gold.C. two and four-tenths parts of gold.D. 10 parts of gold.64. Gold which is 10 Karats in proportionA. represents the highest grade of gold in the U.S.B. cannot be sold in the U.S.C. never carries a Karat quality mark.D. represents the lowest-grade gold marketable in the U.S.65. If gold is marked with a Karat quality mark, it must alsoA. bear a national gold and silver stamp.B. bear the registered trademark of the entity standing behind the mark.C. bear a "made in the USA" mark.D. bear a percentage mark.66. If the jewelry is marked 14 parts of gold mixed with 10 parts of base metal it will always bearA. a 14K mark.B. a 10K mark.C. an 18K mark.D. a platinum mark.67. This paragraph serves the consumer asA. important buying information.B. a challenge to buy more gold.C. a debate over gold prices.D. advice about buying silver.68. The Stamping Act isA. a regulation for tax.B. rule of law.C. a law that makes such stamping mandate.D. an implement.Questions 69-75 are based on the following passage.Mr. Faugel was convinced that student nervousness had affected their scores; to reduce the anxiety of these students who had already been tested, he gave 22 of them a beta blocker before readministration of the test. Their scores improved significantly. The other 8 students (who did not receive the beta blockers) improved only slightly. Second-time test-takers nationwide had average improvements which were similar to those in Faugel's non-beta blocker group. Beta blockers are prescription drugs which have been around for 25 years. These medications, which interfere with the effects of adrenalin, have been used for heart conditions and for minor stress such as stage fright. Now they are used for test anxiety. These drugs seem to help test-takers who have low scores because of test fright, but not those who do not know the material. Since there can be side effects from these beta blockers, physicians are not ready to prescribe them routinely for all test-takers.69. Where is the only place a person can obtain beta blockers?A. SupermarketB. Convenience storeC. Stationary storeD. Doctor's office70. Why are beta blockers not prescribed regularly?A. Students are expected to do poorly.B. There are side effects.C. The drugs are only 25 years old.D. They cause test anxiety.71. According to the passageA. all people can take beta blockers.B. beta blockers are widely prescribed.C. beta blockers work only on test anxiety.D. beta blockers work only to improve test scores if the test-taker truly knows the material.72. "Re-administration" in this passage refers toA. giving the test again to people without administering beta blockers.B. giving the test again to both groups after beta blockers have been administered to one group.C. giving the test to both groups of test-takers and then giving them beta blockers.D. giving the beta blockers without retesting.73. What possible use for beta blockers was NOT discussed in this passage?A. Test anxietyB. Pain reliefC. Minor stressD. Heart conditions74. Beta blockers work on some physical and emotional symptoms because theyA. fool a person into a healthier stance.B. interfere with the effects of adrenalin.C. produce side effects worse than the symptoms.D. primarily change human thought processes.75. Faugel's research showed that beta blockers given to his sampleA. increased scores less than the national average.B. increased scores the same as the national average.C. decreased scores.D. increased scores much more than the national average.Questions 76-80 are based on the following passage.During the past three years, the staff members of the Smithsonian Institution's Family Folklore Project have interviewed hundreds of persons about their family folklore. To prepare for these interviews we drew upon our academic backgrounds in folklore and American studies, and upon our personal backgrounds as members of families. In addition, we reviewed the major instruction guides in genealogy,oral history, family history, and folklore fieldwork. Although these publications were all helpful in some way, no single book was completely adequate since family folklore combines aspects of all the above disciplines. Over time we have developed guidelines and questions that have proven successful for us; we hope that the following suggestions will be helpful to anyone who wishes to collect the folklore of his or her own family.76. What would be the topic of the paragraph that would follow this one?A. How to gather family folkloreB. History of the Smithsonian InstitutionC. A description of genealogyD. Useful books on family folklore77. What can be inferred about the researchers who conducted the interviews?A. They were mathematicians and physicists.B. They were historians and sociologists.C. They had children.D. They wrote books.78. The purpose of this passage is toA. motivateB. berateC. instructD. cajole79. The assumption of this passage is thatA. anyone can successfully interview people about their family folklore without prior training.B. American history is inherent in the family folklore of Americans.C. American history and folklore of Americans have no connections.D. no guidelines are needed in the interviews.80. According to the passage, which kind of instructional guide was NOT consulted as a source?A. Clinical sociologyB. Genealogy guidesC. Oral historyD. Folklore fieldworkQuestions 81-86 are based on the following passage.Every summer, Jean Piaget retreats to his cabin in the Alps, where he spends most of his days analyzing the mass of research data generated over the past year at his Center for Genetic Epistemology. During long walks along the mountain trails, he mulls over the latest experimental results, and in the cool mountain evenings, he formulates his conclusions. With the approach of fall, he will descend from the mountain, manuscript for a book and several journal articles in hand. This time-honored procedure of careful observation followed by seclusion for thought and synthesis, has enabled him to become the most prolific, if not the most famous psychologist of the century.Piaget has only been widely known in this country since the 1960s, when his works were translated from their original French. But he has been recognized as an expert in the field of cognitive developmentin Europe since the 1930s. In fact, Piaget's publishing career can be traced to the year 1906, when as a child of ten, he published his careful notes on the habits of an albino sparrow he observed near his home in Switzerland. After his precocious debut as an ornithologist, he took an after-school job at the local natural history museum, soon becoming an expert on mollusks. At the age of sixteen he was recommended for a curator's position at the natural history museum in Geneva, but declined in favor of continuing his education.He studied natural science at the University of Neuchatel, obtaining his doctorate at the age of twenty-one. His readings in philosophy stimulated an intense interest in epistemology - the study of humans acquire knowledge. Convinced that cognitive development had a genetic basis, Piaget decided that the best way to approach epistemology would be through its behavioral and biological components. Psychology appeared to be the discipline that best incorporated this approach.81. According to the passage, Piaget went to the mountains every summer toA. collect data for his research.B. avoid the city heat and enjoy the cool weather.C. live in his cabin where he could analyze the data he collected there.D. analyze his research data he had collected before.82. The data Piaget was analyzing in his cabin in the Alps was mostly concerningA. his findings of the wild life in the mountains.B. his experiments on the plants and wild life in the mountains.C. his past experiments on how human beings obtain their knowledge.D. his working experience at his Center.83. Which of the following statements is true?A. When the weather became cool, he went down the mountain and started writing books and articles.B. When the weather was hot, he went up the mountain and began writing.C. When the weather was cool, he took long walks on the mountain trails.D. He liked to walk in the cool evening, thinking about his experiments.84. According to the passage, Piaget must have publishedA. several articles on his observation of sparrows.B. a few books and articles on the data he had collected.C. a variety of books and articles on his experiments.D. a great many books and articles on his observations and research.85. Piaget's main academic interest was inA. how human beings learn through observations.B. the genetic and cognitive basis for humans' cognitive development.C. analyzing research data through scientific method.D. behaviorists' views on acquiring knowledge.86. Piaget can be best regarded as a psychologist whoA. emphasizes the mental processes.B. stresses the importance of the biological basis.C. places more emphasis on the behavioral components.D. sees observations as being more important than others.Questions 87-95 are based on the following passage.My Views on GamblingMost of life is a gamble. Very many of the things we do involve taking some risk in order to achieve a satisfactory result. We undertake a new job with no idea of the more indirect consequences of our action. Marriage is certainly a gamble and so is the bringing into existence of children, who could prove sad liabilities. A journey, a business transaction, even a chance remark may result immediately or ultimately in tragedy. Perpetually we gamble - against life, destiny, chance, the unknown - call the invisible opponent what we will. Human survival and progress indicate that usually we win.So the gambling instinct must be an elemental one. Taking risks to achieve something is a characteristic of all forms of life, including humanity. As soon as man acquired property, the challenge he habitually issued to destiny found an additional expression in a human contest. Early may well have staked his flint axe, his bearskin, his wife, in the hope of adding to his possessions. The acquirement of desirable but nonessential commodities must have increased his scope enormously, while the risk of complete disaster lessened.So long as man was gambling against destiny, the odds were usually in his favor, especially when he used commonsense. But as the methods of gambling multiplied, the chances of success decreased. A wager against one person offered on average even chances and no third party profited by the transaction. But as soon as commercialized city life developed, mass gambling become common. Thousands of people now compete for large prizes, but with only minute chances of success, while the organizers of。

笔译三级实务（综合）模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. English-Chinese Translation 2. Chinese-English TranslationPART 1 English-Chinese Translation (60 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this part is 120 minutes.1．Although it is not difficult to find a place to stay in while traveling in America, it is a tough job for you to find an ideal place to meet your pockets.正确答案：在美国旅游时，找个住处并不难，难的是找一个称心如意、价格合适的住处。

涉及知识点：英译汉2．Holiday resorts usually attract tourists because of their sunny beaches, snow-covered ski slopes, or championship golf courses.正确答案：度假胜地常因其阳光充足的海滩、白雪覆盖的滑雪坡地以及一流的高尔夫球场而吸引着游客。

涉及知识点：英译汉3．Consistently ranking among the cleanest, most livable cities in the world, Vancouver possesses an ethnically-diverse population, while it has become a center for shipping, film production and a popular tourist destination.正确答案：几乎在任何相关榜单上，都能看到温哥华以最干净、最适宜居住的形象榜上有名。

翻译三级笔译综合能力分类模拟题2Vocabulary and Grammar1. The recent conference on the effective use of the seas and oc （江南博哥）eans was another attempt resolving major differences among countries with conflicting interests.A.resolveB.resolvesC.to resolveD.being resolved正确答案：C[解析] 本题考查习惯搭配。

句意为：最近有关合理有效地利用海洋的会议是解决有着利益冲突的各国之间重大差异的另一次尝试。

attempt to do sth.为固定用法，意为“努力，尝试”，所以此处应用动词的不定式形式。

所以，答案是C。

2. Life insurance, before available only to young, healthy persons, can now be obtained for old people, and even for pets.A.before young, healthy persons available only,B.available only to young, healthy persons before,C.available only to persons young, but more healthy,D.before young and healthy persons only available to,正确答案：B[解析] 本题考查结构应用。

句意为：人身保险以前只针对健康的年轻人，现在可以面向老人甚至是宠物。

此处before是副词，作时间状语，应放在句末。

所以，答案是B。

3. Following a year of fast development, by the first quarter of this year, China has had about 1,100 e-commerce websites.A.China had about 1,100 e-commerce websites by the end of last MarchB.by the end of the first quarter of this year, China has had about 1,100 e-commerce websitesC.by the end of this recent past March, China has about 1,100 e-commerce websitesD.by the end of this first quarter, China had about 1,100 or so e-commerce websites正确答案：A[解析] 本题考查时态应用。

全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试：2022三级笔译真题模拟及答案(1)共542道题1、______（单选题）A. studyB. discoveryC. researchD. development试题答案：C2、The girl made a light of her disappointment at being too sick to go to the dance.（单选题）A. made light ofB. made no lightC. made interestD. made a little试题答案：A3、______（单选题）A. ThereforeB. NeverthelessC. On the contraryD. Similarly试题答案：B4、______（单选题）A. has to beB. must beC. should beD. ought to be试题答案：A5、Which of the following is NOT true?（单选题）A. The mental tedium will not exist in the end.B. Hand-loom weaver is the thing of the past.C. Automation is an out-of-date topic today.D. Physical burden in the factory has already been replaced. 试题答案：C6、______（单选题）A. understoodB. enjoyedC. happyD. loving试题答案：A7、______（单选题）A. thoughtB. provedC. realizedD. got试题答案：A8、According to the passage, the early books of etiquette, fables, and legends could not really be considered children’s literature because______.（单选题）A. the children couldn’t read themB. the early books were too heavy for children to useC. the stories were too difficult for children to appreciateD. the stories were for education rather than enjoyment试题答案：D9、The word “edge” underlined in Paragraph 5 means __________.（单选题）A. something very sharpB. the outside limit or boundaryC. the degree of anger, nervousness or annoyanceD. a slight advantage over somebody试题答案：D10、Extraordinary linens for the bed and bath, decorative accessories, toiletries, special gifts and more let you create an irresistible retreat for yourself or pampered guests.（单选题）A. adeptB. stubbornC. indulgedD. trembling试题答案：C11、The word “constitute” underlined in Paragraph 1 means______.（单选题）A. formB. talkC. planD. look试题答案：A12、The Clarks haven't decided yet which hotel for staying.（单选题）A. to stayB. is to stayC. to stay atD. is for staying试题答案：C13、How I wish John knew how to apply grammatical rules properly and recognizes the fact that he is nearly always in the wrong.（单选题）A. recognizeB. recognizedC. to recognizeD. recognizing试题答案：B14、What does the author mean by the statement “children’s literature began to bloom” underlined in Paragraph 2?（单选题）A. Quality illustrations and attractive formats made books more appealing.B. Illustrations often included flowers.C. It became more varied and attractive.D. It became more numerous and popular.试题答案：D15、In the statement of “a General Medical Council disciplinary hearing”, the synonym to the word “hearing” is______.（单选题）A. official inquiryB. listening caseC. auditD. audience试题答案：A16、They tried to tell funny stories to cheer up John because he was so sullen this morning（单选题）A. greedyB. moodyC. giddyD. saucy试题答案：B17、I have a tinge of regret that I didn’t accept her offer.（单选题）A. taintB. signC. shadeD. mark试题答案：C18、Though in no means rich, he was better off than at any other period in his life.（单选题）A. by any meansB. by some meansC. by all meansD. by no means试题答案：D19、They soon moved back to the country because they did’t used to city life.（单选题）A. usedn’t toB. wouldn’t used toC. hadn’t used toD. couldn’t get used to试题答案：D20、With the flood, the ship would have reached its destination on time.（单选题）A. In case ofB. In spite ofC. Because ofD. But for试题答案：D21、The research became known as the “Hawthorne effect” because（单选题）A. it was the name of the plant where the study was conductedB. it was the name suggested by the Harvard researchersC. it was the name of the principal experimenterD. There were Hawthorne plants growing at Western Electric where the study was conducted.试题答案：A22、Furniture makers use glue to hold joints together and sometimes to reinforce it.（单选题）A. itsB. fastC. hardD. them试题答案：D23、______（单选题）A. injuredB. hinderedC. destroyedD. immersed试题答案：C24、The study of law, with its great number of cases, statutes, and contracts, can be a tedious process.（单选题）A. curiousB. tiresomeC. challengingD. overwhelming试题答案：B25、______（单选题）A. businessB. ventureC. propertyD. face试题答案：A26、A tamarin can be called any of the following except（单选题）A. a monkeyB. a primateC. a house catD. a lion tamarin试题答案：C27、______（单选题）A. positiveB. negativeC. satisfactoryD. gratifying试题答案：B28、She told me that she has already gone to the United States four times before she attended that conference.（单选题）A. had already beenB. has already beenC. already wentD. was already going试题答案：A29、______（单选题）A. whatB. whateverC. howD. however试题答案：C30、Gooseneck barnacles attach themselves to objects such as decks and boats.（单选题）A. fastenB. propelC. limitD. compare试题答案：A31、When required by their parents to eat spinach and other green vegetables, many children only do so reluctantly.（单选题）A. imitativelyB. impatientlyC. unwillinglyD. unknowingly试题答案：C32、______（单选题）A. villagesB. areasC. townsD. houses试题答案：B33、______（单选题）A. premierB. primaryC. premiumD. precision试题答案：C34、______（单选题）A. positiveB. negativeC. satisfactoryD. gratifying试题答案：B35、Scientific evidence from different fields of study demonstrates that in most humans the left hemisphere of the brain controls language.（单选题）A. spectacularsB. disciplinesC. spectrumsD. instructions试题答案：B36、They may need to review the strategy considerably more thoroughly than they have done to date.（单选题）A. comparablyB. entirelyC. explicitlyD. deservedly试题答案：B37、Scarcely had they settled themselves in their seats in the theatre while the curtain went up.（单选题）A. thanB. whenC. beforeD. as soon as试题答案：B38、If the author’s predictions are realized, the demand for unskilled workers will be __________.（单选题）A. very highB. very lowC. the same as todayD. constantly rising试题答案：B39、The legislature passed a law to abolish the surtax.（单选题）A. increaseB. createC. improveD. eliminate试题答案：D40、______（单选题）A. brightnessB. foreseeingC. foresightD. prediction试题答案：C41、______（单选题）A. thingB. realityC. factD. conclusion试题答案：C42、On January 20, 1778 Captain James Cook took his two vessels into a small harbor on the island of Kauai.（单选题）A. assistantsB. shipsC. vehiclesD. guns试题答案：B43、The ice cream cone, the hamburger, and iced tea were all introduced at the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition informally known as the St. Louis Fair.（单选题）A. previouslyB. unofficiallyC. visiblyD. experimentally试题答案：B44、What is the name of the place where the doctor’s NHS practice is done?（单选题）A. In Ealing.B. In the downtown of London.C. In one of London’s suburbs.D. In Heston near the Gym.试题答案：C45、Very little was said about the matter, wasn’t it?（单选题）A. is itB. was thereC. was itD. wasn’t he试题答案：C46、What is the best title for this passage?（单选题）A. Globalization of the WorldB. Rapid Development of High-tech Communication Equipment and Overseas MarketC. Secret of Success for Modern BusinessD. Key Factors for Business and Business People in Modern World试题答案：D47、______（单选题）A. meansB. approachesC. modesD. measures试题答案：D48、______（单选题）A. qualityB. dealC. lotD. amount试题答案：B49、But the fragile ecosystem could be hurt by a plan to dredge more than 23 miles of river at the delta’s southern end.（单选题）A. flimsyB. opticalC. marginalD. vacant试题答案：A50、For children, playing is an automatic and integral component of growing up.（单选题）A. reminderB. corrosionC. junctionD. part试题答案：D51、There are actually too many opportunities to learn more, to see more, and to understand more, and they all require us to change, at least a little bit, in order to make progress.（单选题）A. very manyB. too muchC. so manyD. extremely many试题答案：C52、This passage is most probably taken from _________.（单选题）A. an academic paperB. a newspaper reportC. a textbook about magnetsD. a science fiction试题答案：A53、Who wrote “Little Women”?（单选题）A. Charles Dodgson.B. Edwards Lear.C. Samuel Clemens.D. Louisa May Alcott.试题答案：D54、______（单选题）A. SymptomsB. SignalsC. HighlightsD. Incidences试题答案：A55、Eve had to pay $5.00 because she wrote a bad check. She should deposite her money before she wrote a check.（单选题）A. must have depositedB. might have depositedC. could have depositedD. should have deposited试题答案：D56、______（单选题）A. preventB. inhibitC. keepD. motivate试题答案：B57、The word “it” underlined in Paragraph 2 refers to __________.（单选题）A. the experimentB. economic motivationC. the Western Electric Hawthorn plantD. the Hawthorne effect试题答案：D58、As much is known about what occurs during sleep, the precise function of sleep and its different stages remains largely in the realm of assumption.（单选题）A. BecauseB. SinceC. ForD. While试题答案：D59、______（单选题）A. relationshipB. relationC. thingD. matter试题答案：A60、We seem oblivious of the fragility of the earth’s natural system.（单选题）A. frailtyB. solitudeC. prevalenceD. fission试题答案：A61、______（单选题）A. specialB. peculiarC. grossD. total试题答案：D62、______（单选题）A. ariseB. deriveC. raiseD. originate试题答案：A63、The critics tended to speculate to who had the greatest influence on the development of that writer’s novels.（单选题）A. as toB. so as toC. thatD. such that64、______（单选题）A. HavingB. WithC. InD. On试题答案：B65、______（单选题）A. bestB. justiceC. fairD. worst试题答案：D66、______（单选题）A. upB. outC. awayD. with试题答案：A67、______（单选题）A. better thanB. instead ofC. as well asD. rather than68、______（单选题）A. enrichB. widenC. enlargeD. spread试题答案：C69、What is the best title for the passage?（单选题）A. Ups and Downs of Online BusinessB. Online Business vs Traditional BusinessC. Apparel Online StoresD. The Future of Online Stores试题答案：A70、Spearmint is distilled for flavoring chewing gum and candy and used as a disguise for disagreeable tastes in medicine.（单选题）A. inconsistentB. opposingC. unpleasantD. unbearable试题答案：C71、______（单选题）A. incomeB. conscienceC. responsibilityD. willingness试题答案：A72、______（单选题）A. startleB. fearC. frightenD. shock试题答案：A73、______（单选题）A. varietyB. amusementC. sundriesD. fun试题答案：A74、______（单选题）A. featuresB. effortsC. changesD. attempts试题答案：C75、______（单选题）A. dangerB. perilC. threatD. disparity试题答案：C76、This volume comprises samples from the works of one hundred authors in the past fifty years.（单选题）A. containsB. spraysC. splitsD. spear试题答案：A77、______（单选题）A. happyB. familiesC. itD. up试题答案：C78、______（单选题）A. residenceB. inhabitanceC. occupantD. people试题答案：C79、The author believes before long, machines will __________.（单选题）A. actually replace unskilled workersB. have learned to think for usC. be shaped like robotsD. no longer be needed试题答案：A80、______（单选题）A. considerateB. considerable，C. conservativeD. consistent试题答案：B81、______（单选题）A. ThereforeB. YetC. MoreoverD. Thus试题答案：B82、He meant telling us about it, but he forgot to tell us.（单选题）A. to be tellingB. tellingC. to have toldD. having told试题答案：C83、______（单选题）A. exceptB. except forC. insteadD. instead of试题答案：D84、Mr. Smith was occupied in preparing for his lessons and marking students’compositions.（单选题）A. was absorbed inB. was freed fromC. was busy withD. was attracted by试题答案：C85、Variations in the color of sea water from blue to green seem to be caused by high or low concentrations of salt.（单选题）A. ChangesB. DescriptionsC. MeasuresD. Clarity试题答案：A86、______（单选题）A. yearlyB. dailyC. weeklyD. total试题答案：A87、______（单选题）A. toB. forC. inD. at试题答案：D88、______（单选题）A. displayingB. describingC. creatingD. exchanging试题答案：A89、The ability to communicate ideas and instruction was all necessary for the incredible development of the frontal brain lobe in human beings.（单选题）A. all that was necessaryB. necessary all thatC. all necessary thatD. that all was necessary试题答案：A90、Of course, there have been times, as a young man, when I got tired from study and devoted my time to playing.（单选题）A. tired ofB. got tired ofC. tired upD. used to tire of试题答案：B91、______（单选题）A. qualityB. dealC. lotD. amount试题答案：B92、With the change of red fights, there are long queues of vehicles that wait while a few people who walk across the zebra.（单选题）A. wait...walkB. waiting...walkingC. waiting...walkD. wait...walking试题答案：C93、Since the Second World War, most urban growth in the United States has occurred on the outskirts of existing metropolitan areas.（单选题）A. countiesB. edgesC. streetsD. intersections试题答案：B94、______（单选题）A. reducedB. transformedC. formedD. made试题答案：B95、______（单选题）A. availableB. enoughC. sufficientD. convenient试题答案：A96、Fierce storms have been hampering rescue efforts and there is now little chance of finding more survivors.（单选题）A. disconcertingB. delayingC. confusingD. impeding试题答案：D97、The legislature passed a law to abolish the surtax.（单选题）A. increaseB. createC. improveD. eliminate试题答案：D98、If active measures are not taken, fossil fuel will be consumed soon in the world.（单选题）A. used upB. bring upC. headed outD. handed down试题答案：A99、______（单选题）A. In other wordsB. To sum upC. On the contraryD. Generally speaking试题答案：A100、______（单选题）A. specialB. peculiarC. grossD. total试题答案：D101、Scarcely had they settled themselves in their seats in the theatre while the curtain went up.（单选题）A. thanB. whenC. beforeD. as soon as试题答案：B102、______（单选题）A. bestB. justiceC. fairD. worst试题答案：D103、What is the best title for the passage?（单选题）A. Ups and Downs of Online BusinessB. Online Business vs Traditional BusinessC. Apparel Online StoresD. The Future of Online Stores试题答案：A104、______（单选题）A. makingB. standingC. planningD. taking试题答案：C105、______（单选题）A. devotedB. lovingC. belovedD. bridal试题答案：D106、______（单选题）A. buyB. purchaseC. chaseD. shopping试题答案：B107、______（单选题）A. varietyB. amusementC. sundriesD. fun试题答案：A108、For one thing, compulsory service would be vulnerable to legal attack as involuntary servitude.（单选题）A. obligatoryB. inflammatoryC. satisfactoryD. consolatory试题答案：A109、Many people prefer to have their tax forms completed by a professional rather than having done it themselves.（单选题）A. doingB. doC. to doD. did试题答案：B110、All mammals have hair, but not always evident.（单选题）A. but it is notB. but it isC. but they are notD. but they are试题答案：A111、No such things as ghost exists in the world. That’s your illusion.（单选题）A. No such a thing asB. No such thing asC. No such thing as aD. No such a thing as a试题答案：B112、The word “characterized” underlined in Paragraph 2 means______.（单选题）A. rejectedB. describedC. devaluedD. amused试题答案：B113、Mary's daughter, although only six years old, showed ingenuity in making a dress for her doll.（单选题）A. thoughtfulnessB. clevernessC. sincerityD. truthfulness试题答案：B114、Alexander Hamilton was accused of being involved in a scheme to establish a separate nation in the western part of the United States.（单选题）A. plotB. decisionC. orderD. notion试题答案：A115、______（单选题）A. spacesB. aspectsC. directionsD. places试题答案：D116、William failed all his exams. He should’t miss so many classes.（单选题）A. mustn’t miss.B. couldn’t have missedC. might have missedD. shouldn’t have missed试题答案：D117、______（单选题）A. drainingB. workingC. touchingD. drilling试题答案：A118、You can take off your raincoat now. The rain seems to stopped.（单选题）A. to stopB. to have stoppedC. to have been stoppedD. to have been stopping试题答案：B119、______（单选题）A. factorsB. ingredientsC. composersD. facts试题答案：B120、Camels have extra, almost transparent, eyelids through which they can see in sandstorms.（单选题）A. additionalB. invaluableC. protectiveD. sensitive试题答案：A121、With the flood, the ship would have reached its destination on time.（单选题）A. In case ofB. In spite ofC. Because of试题答案：D122、Not much people realize that apples have been cultivated for over 3,000 years.（单选题）A. Not manyB. Not enoughC. Without manyD. No many试题答案：A123、Part of the reason for the change in focus from economics to a more multifaceted approach to the psychological effects on doing work was __________.（单选题）A. due to the recognition that workers should be happy at work to maintain high productivityB. a general conclusion that pay was sometimes not the most important factorC. because the Hawthorne study continued for so longD. because the workers requested it试题答案：B124、______（单选题）A. forB. withC. withoutD. except试题答案：A125、No sooner had he seen the horrible sight while he stood motionlessly.（单选题）B. beforeC. whenD. as试题答案：A126、The preliminary estimate of gains in gross national product indicated that recovery from recession was faster than anticipated.（单选题）A. regressionB. restorationC. restraintD. reversion试题答案：A127、People buy insurance in order to substitute a small, certain, tolerable loss for a large, uncertain, catastrophic one.（单选题）A. dominateB. inputC. exchangeD. manipulate试题答案：C128、______（单选题）A. rightB. trueC. factualD. fact试题答案：B129、______（单选题）A. premierB. primaryC. premiumD. precision试题答案：C130、The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can __________.（单选题）A. better control the whole negotiation processB. easily find new approaches to meeting market needsC. fast-forward their proposals to headquartersD. easily make friends with businesspeople abroad试题答案：A131、______（单选题）A. in effectB. as a resultC. for exampleD. in a sense试题答案：C132、The ability to communicate ideas and instruction was all necessary for the incredible development of the frontal brain lobe in human beings.（单选题）A. all that was necessaryB. necessary all thatC. all necessary thatD. that all was necessary试题答案：A133、From the passage we learn that _________.（单选题）A. turtles are the only source used to make medicine to cure a number of ailmentsB. some chemical substances may have the same effect as turtlesC. turtles are nearly extinct in ChinaD. turtle dishes are the only expensive delicacy in Chinese restaurants试题答案：B134、Blessed are those who are persecuted for righteousness’ sake.（单选题）A. murderedB. pursuedC. oppressedD. evaluated试题答案：C135、Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the last paragraph?（单选题）A. Biologists began to study new species of turtles for Chinese food markets.B. Biologists discovered a few rare species of turtles as a result of search previouslyC. Some species of turtles will soon be extinct if they are caught and killed at the present speed.D. Turtles will soon be a target for rare collectors as dear as pearl and diamond.试题答案：D136、______（单选题）A. ThereforeB. YetC. MoreoverD. Thus试题答案：B137、The government is believed to be considering passed a law making it a crime to import any kind of weapons.（单选题）A. to passB. to have passedC. passingD. having passed试题答案：C138、______（单选题）A. progressedB. generatedC. developedD. advanced试题答案：C139、______（单选题）A. similarB. longC. differentD. short试题答案：D140、Niagara Falls is a great tourist attraction, luring millions of visitors each year.（单选题）A. servingB. attractingC. entertainingD. receiving试题答案：B141、He told the doctor that he’d not rather having the operation unless it was absolutely necessary.（单选题）A. rather not haveB. rather not to haveC. not rather haveD. rather not having试题答案：A142、After crude oil is extracted from a well, it is usually piped to a refinery.（单选题）A. unrefinedB. toxicC. transparentD. turbid试题答案：A143、They know that strong winds, mild and humid air, and cold air near to each other might trigger a really explosive weather situation.（单选题）A. causeB. implyC. forecastD. reduce试题答案：A144、Stop dwelling on your problems and do something about them!（单选题）A. abidingB. lingeringC. expatiatingD. expressing试题答案：C145、______（单选题）A. isB. wasC. goesD. gets试题答案：C146、The word “it” underlined in Paragraph 2 refers to______.（单选题）A. publishingB. booksC. lifeD. childhood试题答案：D147、______（单选题）A. disputesB. changesC. argumentsD. calls试题答案：B148、As a matter of fact, Saudi Arabia’s oil reserves are only second with those of Kuwait.（单选题）A. come second fallingB. come second withC. are only second toD. are second only to试题答案：D149、It is really a modern firm. Its turnout is so large that it can notably influence the market.（单选题）A. vaguelyB. conspicuouslyC. obscurelyD. famously试题答案：B150、______（单选题）A. artisanB. artC. artsD. artistic试题答案：C151、______（单选题）A. traitB. featureC. genreD. style试题答案：C152、In the coming years, people will __________.（单选题）A. have more machines at their disposalB. experience starvationC. never workD. have fewer machines at their disposal试题答案：A153、No sooner had he seen the horrible sight while he stood motionlessly.（单选题）A. thanB. beforeC. whenD. as试题答案：A154、______（单选题）A. thatB. whichC. whatD. how试题答案：D155、Variations in the color of sea water from blue to green seem to be caused by high or low concentrations of salt.（单选题）A. ChangesB. DescriptionsC. MeasuresD. Clarity试题答案：A156、______（单选题）A. inB. withC. calledD. by试题答案：C157、The central idea of the above passage is that __________.（单选题）A. attitudes affect our actionsB. teachers are important in developing or changing pupils’ attitudesC. attitudes can be changed by some classroom experiencesD. by their attitudes, teachers inadvertently affect pupils’ attitudes试题答案：B158、It can be inferred from the passage that the pupils __________.（单选题）A. usually study a certain subject in greater details at home than at schoolB. usually do not study a certain subject at homeC. study the subjects only at schoolD. study a subject more deeply at school than at home试题答案：D159、______（单选题）A. anytimeB. timesC. sometimesD. sometime试题答案：D160、______（单选题）A. featuresB. effortsC. changesD. attempts试题答案：C161、No adults would like to admit that they are weaker than children to solve sticky and puzzling problems.（单选题）A. to solve aboutB. solveC. in solving aboutD. in solving试题答案：D162、______（单选题）A. opportunitiesB. experienceC. skillsD. supply试题答案：B163、What is the best title for this passage?（单选题）A. Globalization of the WorldB. Rapid Development of High-tech Communication Equipment and Overseas MarketC. Secret of Success for Modern BusinessD. Key Factors for Business and Business People in Modern World试题答案：D164、______（单选题）A. nothing elseB. something elseC. anything elseD. none试题答案：A165、He meant telling us about it, but he forgot to tell us.（单选题）A. to be tellingB. tellingC. to have toldD. having told试题答案：C166、The word “multifaceted” underlined in Paragraph 3 means __________.（单选题）A. versatileB. complexC. many-sidedD. multitude试题答案：C167、Online retailer Dressmart _______.（单选题）A. proved right to do too much in a short time periodB. carried out the plan of doing its business at home firstC. made great profits by expanding its business abroadD. contracted its business from abroad before complete failure 试题答案：D168、______（单选题）A. whenB. afterC. untilD. till试题答案：C169、______（单选题）A. durableB. excessiveC. surplusD. multiple试题答案：D170、______（单选题）A. he shouldB. should heC. had heD. he had试题答案：B171、______（单选题）A. licensedB. allowedC. followedD. neglected试题答案：C172、The war broke out in the outskirt of the capital of the country.（单选题）A. surrounding regionsB. stock yardsC. manufacturing districtsD. backstreets试题答案：A173、______（单选题）A. planetB. skyC. oceanD. space试题答案：A174、______（单选题）A. conceivedB. thoughtC. believedD. perceived试题答案：AA. OilB. ExhaustC. SmokeD. Gas试题答案：C176、______（单选题）A. dependsB. decidesC. defiesD. defenses试题答案：A177、To be frank, I’d rather you had not involved in the case.（单选题）A. were not involvedB. not involvedC. not to involvedD. will not be involved试题答案：A178、______（单选题）A. licensedB. allowedC. followedD. neglected试题答案：CA. nameB. termsC. caseD. eyes试题答案：D180、There is something suspect about unanimous praise in this context.（单选题）A. coincidentalB. unacceptableC. concordantD. Formidable试题答案：C181、He was a portly gentleman with an enormous appetite. So sometimes he moved about clumsily.（单选题）A. trimlyB. awkwardlyC. partlyD. popularly试题答案：B182、______（单选题）A. breakB. shakeC. touchD. push试题答案：B183、______（单选题）A. toB. inC. fromD. beyond试题答案：D184、______（单选题）A. helpfulB. suitableC. unstableD. awful试题答案：C185、The word “multifaceted” underlined in Paragraph 3 means __________.（单选题）A. versatileB. complexC. many-sidedD. multitude试题答案：C186、This was but an additional testimony of the superiority of the socialist economic system over the capitalist economic system.（单选题）A. proofB. witnessC. evidenceD. validity试题答案：A187、The breakup of the habitats resulted in the following except __________.（单选题）A. a lack of food for tamarins to live onB. potential threats to tamarins coming nearbyC. tamarins’ hardly coming down trees to avoid predatorsD. a good fortune for many other threatened animals试题答案：D188、Amateur cooks have joined the craze with the help of more than 20 cookbooks which devote exclusively with hot and spicy Mexican, Thai and Cajun foods.（单选题）A. that devote exclusively toB. devoting exclusively ofC. that devotes exclusively withD. that devoting exclusively to试题答案：A189、The number of USA citizens who are eligible to vote continues to increase.（单选题）A. encouragedB. enforcedC. expectedD. entitled试题答案：D190、______（单选题）。

英语翻译三级笔译实务模拟试题及答案解析（4）(1~5/共5题)Section ⅠEnglish Chinese TranslationTranslate the following two passages into Chinese .1 The increase in international business and in foreign investment has created a need for executives with knowledge of foreign languages and skills in cross-cultural communication. Americans, however, have not been well trained in either area and, consequently, have not enjoyed the same level of success in negotiation in all international arena as have their foreign counterparts.Negotiating is the process of communicating back and forth for the purpose of reaching an agreement. 2 It involves persuasion and compromise, but in order to participate in either one, the negotiators must understand the ways in which people are persuaded and how compromise is reached within the culture of the negotiation.In many international business negotiations abroad, Americans are perceived as wealthy and impersonal. 3 It often appears to the foreign negotiator that the American represents a large multimillion-dollar corporation that can afford to pay the price without bargaining further. The American negotiator's role becomes that of an impersonal surveyor of information and cash.In studies of American negotiators abroad, several traits have been identified that may serve to confirm this stereotypical perception, while undermining the negotiator's position. 4 Two traits in particular that cause cross-cultural misunderstanding are directness and impatience on the part of the American negotiator. Furthermore, American negotiators often insist on realizing short-term benefits. Foreign negotiators, on the other hand, may value the relationship established between negotiators and may be willing to invest time in it for long-term benefits.5 In order to solidify the relationship, they may opt for indirect interactions without regard for the time involved in getting to know the other negotiator.Clearly, perceptions and differences in values affect the outcomes of negotiations and the success for negotiators. For Americans to play a more effective role in international business negotiations, they must put forth more effort to improve cross-cultural understanding.第1题第2题第3题第4题第5题下一题(1/1)Section ⅡChinese-English TranslationTranslate the following passage into English .第6题1．“技术转让”的基本设想是：发达国家利用新发现开发技术会给发展中国家带来适用的成果。

翻译三级笔译综合能力模拟11Ⅰ Vocabulary and GrammarThis section consists of 3 parts. Read the directions of each par（江南博哥）t before answering the questions.The time for this section is 25 minutes.Part 1 Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete statements. Below each statement, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C, and D． Choose the word or phrase which best completes each statement. There is only ONE right answer.1. There has been a______increase in the form's sales.A.minorB.marginalC.nugatoryD.peripheral正确答案：B2. People had been conscious of the problem before, but the newbook made them aware of its______.A.multitudeB.magnitudeC.altitudetitude正确答案：B3. A mirage is an optical______.A.allusionB.delusionC.elusionD.illusion正确答案：D4. He felt insulted at the comment that his writing was all______.A.junkB.pollutantC.garbageD.waste正确答案：A5. The Empire State Building was______on a grander scale than previous skyscrapers.A.executedB.conceivedC.restrainedD.applauded正确答案：B6. I bought a new sweater in a newly-open clothes-market. But whata pity it was that the sweater ______when I washed it.A.shrankB.contractedC.shortenedD.condensed正确答案：A7. Because of the strong sun the new sitting-room curtainshave______from dark blue to grey.A.faintedB.bleachedC.paledD.faded正确答案：D8. Corporations and labor unions have______great benefits upon their employees and members as well as upon the general publiC．A.conferredB.grantedC.flungD.submitted正确答案：A9. A man has to make______for his old age by putting aside enough money to live when olD．A.supplyB.assuranceC.provisionD.adjustment正确答案：C10. The returns in the short______may be small, but over a number of years the investment will be well repaiD．A.intervalB.rangeC.spanD.term正确答案：D11. I am not______with my roommate, but I have to share the room with her, because I have nowhere to live.A.concernedpatibleC.considerateplied正确答案：B12. The judge ruled that the evidence was inadmissible on the grounds that it was______to the issue at hand．A.irrationalB.unreasonableC.invalidD.irrelevant正确答案：D13. ______to some parts of South America is still difficult, because parts of the continent are still covered with thick forests.A.OrientationB.AccessC.ProcessionD.Voyage正确答案：B14. The movement of the moon conveniently provided the unit of month, which was______. from one new moon to the next.A.measuredB.reckonedC.judgedD.assessed正确答案：D15. Foreign disinvestment and the______of South Africa from world capital markets after 1985 further weakened its economy.A.displacementB.eliminationC.exclusionD.exception正确答案：C16. The restaurant is frequently______by tourists because of its famous cooking.A.patronizedB.servicedC.utilizedD.congregated正确答案：A17. Although the rates are high in comparison with other modes of transport, the savings in insurance and packing costs helpto______this.pensate forB.ward offC.interfere withD.ensue from正确答案：A18. ______, I picked up the phone and rang my sister in AustraliA．A.Off impulseB.On guardC.Off guardD.On impulse正确答案：D19. Medical scientists are______a breakthrough in cancer research.A.striving forB.struggling againstC.fighting againstD.contending for正确答案：A20. I don't______building the park near a jet-port, which might make people suffer from defective hearing.A.subscribe toB.ascribe toC.describe toD.contribute to正确答案：APart 2 Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences; in each sentence one word or phrase is underlineD． Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C, and D． Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing an3, grammatical error or changing the principal meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer.1. The destitute family is given an allowance.A.impoverishedB.anomalousC.scandalousD.perpetual正确答案：A2. Frostbitten fingers and toes should be treated with lukewarm water.A.frigidB.tepidC.boilingD.steamy正确答案：B3. In 1937 Eleanor Roosevelt, who was a disceming stateswoman in her own right, became the first wife of a United States President tohold a press conference.A.perceptiveB.controversialC.generousD.respected正确答案：A4. Some physicists have proposed that sunspots and solar wind have negligible effects on the earth's weather.A.undeterminedB.insignificantC.unusualD.indisputable正确答案：B5. Giant horned dinosaurs like triceratops were probably among the favorite prey of the ferocious Tyrannosaurus rex.A.fierceB.giganticC.prehistoricD.piyeous正确答案：A6. One out of five bridges in the United States is outmoded.A.incessantB.intimateC.obsoleteD.concrete正确答案：C7. At first, the delivery of color pictures over a long distance seemed impossible, but, with painstaking efforts and at great expenses, it became a reality.A.transactionB.transmissionC.transitionD.transformation正确答案：B8. I was unaware of the critical points involved, so my choice was quite assumptive.A.rationalB.arbitraryC.plausibleD.excessive正确答案：B9. He stood aside, registering the vivacity of the school life.A.magnificenceB.confrontationC.animationD.panorama正确答案：C10. There remains, of course, the risk of capital depreciation.A.depressionB.devaluationC.deprivationD.devastation正确答案：B11. The Polynesians, who colonized Hawaii sometime betweenA． D． 500 and A． D． 1000, found uses for many indigenous plants.A.tropicalB.simpleC.nativeD.strange正确答案：C12. Alaska boasts of several climates due to its lofty mountains, warm ocean currents and frozen seA．A.toweringB.countlessC.ruggedD.ageless正确答案：A13. You must be tired, but try to hang on till all the work's finished．A.stop workingB.keep workingC.waitD.rest正确答案：B14. She all but fainted when she heard the news.A.all overB.seeminglyC.almostD.obviously正确答案：C15. Though she isn't British by birth, she's British citizen by virtue of her marriage to an Englishman.A.on account ofB.depending onC.by means ofD.judging from正确答案：CPart 3 Errors CorrectionThis part consists of 15 sentences; in each sentence there is an underlined part that indicates an error. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C, and D． Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part so that the error is correcteD． There is only ONE right answer.1. To be equal to other things, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.A.Were other things equalB.Other things to be equalC.Other things being equalD.Being equal to other things正确答案：C2. We have been told that under no circumstances we may use the telephone in the office for personal affairs.A.may we useB.we should useC.did we useD.we could use正确答案：A3. Even though they had been living side by side for twenty years, the two neighbors are not very friendly to each other.A.had livedB.have been livingC.having been livedD.having been living正确答案：B4. There is a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means making trouble.A.to makeB.to have madeC.to having madeD.having made正确答案：A5. In spite of relatively costly, the diesel engine is highly efficient and needs servicing infrequently.A.DespiteB.It isC.There isD.Even though正确答案：D6. Uniform acceleration occurs according to the rate of change remains the same over successive and equal intervals of time.A.ifB.underC.because ofD.no matter正确答案：A7. One who desires and impulses are not his own has no character.A.hisB.whoseC.whomD.of whom正确答案：B8. These surveys indicate that many crimes go having been unrecorded by the police, mainly because not all victims have reported them.A.unrecordedB.to be unrecordedC.have been unrecordedD.to have been unrecorded正确答案：A9. He doesn't often agree with me. He thinks different from me.A.different toB.different withC.differently fromD.differently to正确答案：C10. Japan is in the east of China．A.atB.toC.onD.by正确答案：B11. Professor Lee's book will show you how you have observed that can be used in other contexts.A.that you have observedB.that how you have observedC.how that you have observedD.how what you have observed正确答案：D12. Supposing you can't write, what would you do?A.may notB.couldn'tC.are unableD.wouldn't正确答案：B13. But for his help, I wouldn't succeedeD．A.wouldn't haveB.hadn'tC.didn'tD.haven't正确答案：A14. I have kept that portrait when I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my university days in Cambridge.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.whether正确答案：B15. Pass me the butter, don't you？A.willB.won'tC.doD.wouldn't正确答案：AⅡ Reading ComprehensionIn this section you will find after each of the passages a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage, each with 4 ( A, B, C and D) choices to complete the statement. You must choose theone which you think fits best. The time for this section is 75 minutes.Sen. John F. Kerry's 11-day mini-campaign on the theme of national security appears unlikely to produce sensational headlinesor seize the country's attention—which is, on balance, to his credit. At a moment when the crisis in Iraq dominates the national discussion, Mr. Kerry is resisting the temptation to distinguish himself from President Bush with bold but irresponsible proposals to abandon the mission, even though that course is favored by many in his party. Nor has he adopted the near-hysterical rhetoric of former vice presidentA1 Gore, who has taken to describing Iraq as the greatest strategic catastrophe in American history and calling US handling of foreign detainees an "American gulag. "Instead, Mr. Kerry is in the process of setting out what looks like a sober and substantial altemative to Mr. Bush's foreign policy, one that correctly identifies the incumbent's greatest failings while accepting the basic imperatives of the war that was forced on the country on Sept. 11, 2001. In his opening speech on the subject Thursday, Mr. Kerry reiterated one of the central tenets of Mr.Bush's policy: Lawless states and terrorists armed with weapons of mass destruction present "the single greatest threat to our security. " He said that if an attack on the United States with unconventional weapons "appears imminent I will do whatever is necessary to stop it" and "never cede our security to anyone"—formulations that take him close to Mr. Bush's preemption doctrine.Yet Mr. Kerry focused much attention on the president'sforemost weakness, his mismanagement of US alliances. The Bush administration, he charged, "bullied when they should have persuadeD． They have gone it alone when they should have assembled a team. " Not only is the truth of that critique glaringly evident in Iraq and elsewhere, but Mr. Kerry is also right to suggest that repairing and reversing the damage probed will require a new president. Though Mr. Bush has belatedly changed course in responseto his serial failures in Iraq, there is no evidence that he would pursue a more multilateral foreign policy if reelected．Mr. Kerry's promise to "launch and lead a new era of alliances for the post 9/11 world" nevertheless does not add up to a strategyby itself. Tensions between the United States and countries such as France, Germany and South Korea predate George W. Bush and will not disappear if he leaves office; leaders in those nations have theirown ambitions to challenge or contain American power. Strongalliances require a common strategic vision—and the vision offeredso far by Mr. Kerry is relatively narrow. His Thursday speech focused on combating threats and on reducing dependence on Middle East oil; this week he will set out policies to block the spread of nuclear weapons. But he has had little to say about the good that the United States should seek to accomplish in the worlD． In an interview Friday, the candidate stressed that he has set out the "architecture" of his foreign policy and will talk more about goals and values in coming weeks. Thus far he has spoken more about protecting American companies and workers from foreign competition—something that hardly promotes alliances—than about fostering democracy in the Middle East or helping poor nations develop.The emerging Kerry platform suggests that ultimately he would adopt many of the same goals as Mr. Bush. In his latest speech he rightly warned of the terrible consequences of failure in Iraq and,like Mr. Bush, embraced elections and the training of Iraqi security forces as the best way forwarD． His proposal for a U. N. high commissioner represents a slight upgrade on the deference alreadygiven by the White House to U. N. representative Lakhdar Brahimi; his call for a NATO- led military mission already has been aggressively pursued by the Bush administration, with poor results. There are, in fact, few responsible alternatives to the administration's course. Mr. Kerry's argument is that he has a better chance of making it work.It's not a bold offer to voters—but it's probably the fight one.1. The fact that Mr. Kerry did not propose to abandon the Iraq mission might______.A.leave him in a disadvantaged position in the campaignB.result in a draw against President Bush in the campaignC.do him good instead of harm in the campaignD.bring about a general disappointment among the public正确答案：C2. The second paragraph suggests that______.A.Mr. Kerry and Mr. Bush both support the war on terrorismB.Mr. Kerry and Mr. Bush have very different views on nationalsecurity issuesC.Mr. Kerry prefers a more sober and substantial foreign policy thanMr. BushD.Mr. Kerry has nothing new to offer in his opening speech正确答案：A3. Mr. Kerry's attack against the president focused on______.A.the latter's use of force against IraqB.the difficulty in reassembling US alliancesC.the need of a new president in directing the Iraq missionD.the latter's practice of unilateralism正确答案：D4. In the author's view, the "good that the US should seek to accomplish in the world" might be______.A.creating a strong alliance with France, Germany and South Koreabating threats and reducing dependence on Middle East oilC.fostering democracy in the Middle East or helping poor nations developD.protecting American companies and workers from foreign competition正确答案：C5. The author seems to suggest that______.A.only when Mr. Kerry is in power can we judge whether he is right in his policiesB.Mr. Kerry has not made powerful proposals in favor of his election campaign against Mr. BushC.Mr. Kerry always follows Mr. Bush in his foreign policy guidelinesD.Mr. Bush is still leading in the campaign正确答案：BThe term control is highly—and unjustifiably—unpopular. Some of its unpopularity can be traced to educational and philosophical writings that have addressed issues of freedom, self- determination, self-worth, individuality, and other humanistic concerns—concerns often equated with liberal and permissive child-rearing and educational methods. They are the concerns that define the spirit of these times. No teacher wants to be nonliberal and restrictive. And there is little doubt that the deliberate exercise of control is restrictive. Is control therefore unethical?There is, of course, no simple answer, ff there were, there would be little controversy, and behaviorists and humanists wouldhave much less to disagree about.Consider, first, that control is not only inevitable but also necessary. There is no doubt that teachers, by virtue of theirposition and by virtue of their duties, have control. Indeed, it isnot at all unreasonable to insist that the exercise of control is one of the teacher's most important duties. We are not speaking here of a fear-enforced control that might have been characteristic of some of yesterday's schools. Control can be achieved, or at least facilitated, in a variety of gentle ways, some of which can be learned． Parents too control their children (or at least try), often by setting limits for their behavior. Part of the successfulsocialization process requires that children be prevented from engaging in behaviors that might be injurious to themselves or to others. Thus, parents do not permit their children to play with the dinner as it is cooking on the stove, to insert knives intoelectrical outlets, to jump off ladders, or to swim in dangerous waters. Less extreme instances of control involve the teaching of socially appropriate behavior, of values and morals—of "shoulds" and "should nots". It is less by accident than by virtue of parental control that children learn not to deface wall, steal other people's property, or kill the neighbor's god． In short, certain standards of behavior are learned at least partly as a function of parental control. Whether that control involves reinforcement, punishment, models, reasoning, or a combination of these and other strategies, we cannot avoid the fact that control is being exercised．The classroom situation is not really very different. Teachers have often been described as acting [in loco parentis]—in the placeof parents. More precisely, teachers have been urged to act in all ways as might a wise, judicious, and loving parent. And there is, in fact, no great incompatibility between values held in highest esteem by those who describe themselves as humanistically oriented and the techniques of behavior control that have been described by science. Love, empathy, warmth, genuineness, and honesty can go a long way toward ensuring a classroom climate corducive to and learning and development. In spite of these highly desirable qualities, however, discipline problems are not uncommon in classrooms. That teachersshould judiciously administer rewards and punishment in an effort to maintain an effective educational environment does not mean that they care less for their students; indeed, in might well indicate that they care more.6. The passage indicates that the current educational spirit is characterized by______.A.unjustified controlB.unpopularityC.liberal and permissive educational methodsD.deliberate exercise of restrictions正确答案：C7. Which of the following might behaviorists agree with?A.Students should not be granted too much freedom.cational environments should ensure that students' individuality is fully promoteD．C.Teachers are not to control, but to practice their duties.D.Parents are not humanistic enough towards their children's education.正确答案：A8. Instances of parental control provided in the passage are aimed at______.A.justifying the educational use of controlrming educationalists of what is the fight thing to do in the education of childrenC.persuading the public of the importance of ethics educationD.assessing whether parents or teachers are more important in the education of children正确答案：A9. It is indicated in the passage that______.A.teachers have not been acting in the same ways as loving parentsB.scientific use of control is of no big contradiction to humanistically oriented approaches in children's educationC.discipline problems cannot be solved in humanistic waysD.punishment administered by the teacher is indicative of care for the children正确答案：B10. Which of the following can be an appropriate title for the passage?A.Control or Liberty?B.Teacher's Control or Parent's Restriction?C.The Ethics of ControlD.How to Use Control Scientifically?正确答案：CDavis, California, like many other American cities, has been threatened by unchecked growth, swarming automobiles, and steeply rising energy costs. But unlike towns and cities which leave energy policy to the federal government or energy corporations, the citizens of Davis have acted on their own.After lengthy debate, Davis' City Council moved to curb growth. It turned against the automobile and embraced the bicycle as a means of transport. It sponsored an inquiry into energy uses and endorsed a series of measures aimed at reducing energy consumption by as much as one half. It cut back the use of petroleum-derived pesticides on the thousands of trees and shrubs that shade the city's streets, adopting instead a policy of biological control for insects. The city's own cars and trucks have been transformed into a fleet of compact vehicles. When a Davis employee has to get around town, he borrows a bike from the city rack. Davis even passed a law formally and solemnly sanctioning the clothesline.The citizens of Davis have been involved in progressive city planning and energy conservation since 1968, when they persuaded the City Council to facilitate bicycle transportation by developing a system of bikeways. The City's general plan for development, drawn up in 1972, was based on questionnaires distributed to residents. When a survey of residents showed that automobiles represented 50 percent of energy consumption and space heating and cooling accounted for 25 percent, transportation and building construction became important focal points in the Davis plan.Armed with survey information revealing that a building's east-west orientation on the lot, as well as its insulation, window area, roof and wall colors, overhang shading, and other factors greatlyinfluenced space heating and cooling needs, the City Council drew up a building construction code which greatly reduced the cost of winter heating and eliminates the need for air conditioning even on Davis' hottest (114°) day. To demonstrate to local builders and developers methods for complying with the new code, Davis built two model solar homes, a single-family dwelling which takes advantage of natural southern exposure sunlight and a duplex adaptable to difficult siting situationswhere direct sunlight is blocked．Many of Davis'measures simply facilitate natural solar heating or sun-shading. Where most communities require that fences be built close to houses, Davis realized that practice meant blocking winter sunlight. New fences in Davis must be placed closer to the street, giving residents the benefit of natural solar heat in winter. Reducing required street widths provides more shade and saves asphalt to boot.Davis' other energy conserving moves run the gamut—from a city ordinance encouraging cottage industry (to cut down on commuting and the need for new office building construction) to planting evergreens on city streets to reduce leaf pickup in the fall, from a ban on non-solar swimming pool heaters to a recycling center that supportsitself by selling $3,000 worth of recyclables a month.11. It can be inferred from the passage that Davis' City Council felt that______.A.bicycles are healthful because they promote physical fitnessB.control of automobile traffic is an essential part of energy managementC.Davis citizens are always ready to do the most modem, up-to-date thingD.survey results should always determine legislative actions正确答案：B12. Why did Davis build model solar homes instead of just one?A.To show what they could do when they put their minds to it.B.To show that even the hottest days could be mastered without air conditioning.C.To demonstrate that even multiple dwelling in difficult locations could be solar powered．D.To indicate that other cities were inadequate to the job．正确答案：C13. The purpose of this article is probably to______.A.congratulate Davis on their fine workB.help Davis spread their messageC.chide the federal government for not doing enough to help cities like DavisD.hold up Davis as an example to other cities正确答案：D14. It appears that Davis is______.A.a "good old American town"mitted to social justiceC.a medium-to-small-size cityD.blessed by a strong radical element in the population正确答案：CThe income-tax deadline approaches and some taxpayers' thoughts turn to it. Test time approaches and some students' thoughts turn to it. Temptation appears and some spouses consider it. Nowadays, cheating is on the rise. "You want something you can't get by behaving within the rules, and you want it badly enough, you'll do it regardless of any guilt or regret, and you're willing to run the risk of being caught. " That's how Ladd Wheeler, psychology professor at the University of Rochester in New York, defines cheating.Cheating represents the triumph of the "Brazen Rule" over the "Golden Rule", says Terry Pinkard, philosophy professor at Georgetown University in Washington D．C． "The Golden Rule says, Do unto others as you would have them do unto you.'The Brazen Rule says, Do unto others as they would do unto you if they were in your place. ' " Many experts believe cheating is on the rise. "We're seeing more of the kind of person who regards the world as a series of things to be manipulated． Whether to cheat depends on whether it's in theperson's interest. " He does, however, see less cheating among the youngest students.Richard Dienslbier, psychology professor at the University of Nebraska in Lincoln, believes that society's attitudes account for much of the rise in cheating. "Twenty years ago, if a person cheated in college, society said:'That is extremely serious; you will bedropped for a semester if not kicked out permanently, ' " he says. "Nowadays, at the University of Nebraska, for example, it is thestated policy of the College of Arts and Sciences that if a student cheats on an exam, the student must receive an'F' on what he cheated on. That's nothing. If you're going to fail anyway, why not cheat?"Cheating is unethical, Pinkard says, whether it's massive fraud or failure to tell a store cashier you were undercharged． "You're treating other people merely as a means for your own ends. You'reusing people in ways they would not consent to. The cheater says, 'Let everybody else bear the burden, and I'll reap the benefits. '"Cheaters usually try to justify their actions, says Rohert Hogan, chairman of the psychology department at the University of Tulsa in Oklahoma． "They never think it's their fault. " Cheaters make justifications because they want to feel good about themselves, adds Wheeler. "They don't want to label themselves as a cheater. Also, they may be anticipating the possibility of getting caught, so they work on their excuse ahead of time. " The most common justifications, psychologists say, include:"I had to do it. ""The test was unfair. ""Everybody does it, and I have to cheat to get what'srightfully mine. ""The government wastes the money anyway. ""My wife (or husband) doesn't understand me, and we've grown apart. "Cheating is most likely in situation where the stakes are high and the chances of getting caught are low, says social psychologist Lynn Kahle of the University of Oregon in Eugene. In his study, a group of freshmen were allowed to grade their own tests, while secret, pressure sensitive paper indicated who changed answers. To raise the pressure, students were given an extremely high scores as the "average" for the test and told that those who failed would go before an inquiring board of psychologists. About 16 percent of the male students changed answers; among the females, about 30 percent cheated．Everybody cheats, a little, some psychologists say, whileothers insist that most people are basically honest and some wouldn't cheat under any circumstances.。