张汉熙《高级英语(1)》(修订本)学习指南(Hiroshima—the “Liveliest” Ci

张汉熙《⾼级英语（1）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语+课⽂精解+全⽂翻译+练习答案】（LessonLesson 14 Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of the U.S.S.R.⼀、词汇短语1. horde n. a large group or crowd; a swarm群，⼈群：hordes of people ⼤群⼈2. Cabinet n. the politicians with important positions in agovernment who meet to make decisions or advise the leader of thegovernment内阁3. croquet n. a game played on grass in which players hit ballswith wooden mallets槌球游戏4. luncheon n. a lunch, especially a formal one午宴，正式的午餐5. Nazi n. a member of the National Socialist German Workers’Party, founded in Germany in 1919 and brought to power in 1933 under Adolph Hitler纳粹分⼦6. regime n. a government in power; administration当权政府，统治：They are suffered under the new regime.他们遭受新政府的统治。

7. devoid adj. completely lacking; destitute or empty完全没有的，缺乏的（of）：be devoid of common sense缺乏常识8. excel vt. to do or be better than; surpass优于，超过：excel sb. in knowledge学识过⼈9. ferocious adj. extremely savage; fierce极为野蛮的，残忍的；凶猛的：ferocious animals凶猛的野兽10. threshold n. the place or point of beginning; the outset起点，开端：at the threshold of在……的开始11. till vt. to prepare (land) for the raising of crops, as by plowing andharrowing; cultivate耕作，耕耘：till the field耕耘⼀⽚⽥地12. adj. extending back beyond memory orrecord; ancient古⽼的，远古的，⽆法追忆的13. wring vt. to obtain or extract by applying force or pressure迫取，强求，榨取：The police had wrung the truth out of the recalcitrant witness.警察从那个顽固的⽬击者⼝中逼出事情的真相。

Lesson 2 Hiroshima—the “Liveliest” City in Japan (Excerpts)一、词汇短语1. reportorial adj. reporting报告的，报道的2. preoccupation n. an idea thatpreoccupies the mind and holds the attention当务之急，使人全神贯注的事物：Their chief preoccupation was how to feed their families.他们关注的首要事情是如何养家糊口。

3. kimono n. a traditional piece of Japanese clothing like a longloose coat, worn at special ceremonies和服4. bob vi. to move up and down上下移动：a cork bobbing on the water软木浮标在水中上下漂动5. ritual adj. of or having the nature of, or done as a rite or rites仪式的，典礼的n.old rules and regulations; convention例行公事，老规矩：Many of the tribe’s customs and rituals are as old as the hills.这部落的许多风俗、仪式都极其古老。

6. façade n. the front side正面：the ornate facade of the Palace宫殿装饰华丽的正面7. grocery n. a store selling foodstuffs and various householdsupplies杂货店：He was employed at the local grocery store as a deliveryboy.他受雇于当地杂货店当送货员。

第一课Face to face with Hurricane Camille1. Each and every plane must be checked out thoroughly before taking off.每架飞机起飞之前必须经过严格的检查。

2. The residents were firmly opposed to the construction of a waste incineration plant in their neighborhood because they were deeply concerned about the plant’s emissions polluting the air.居民坚决反对在附近建立垃圾焚烧厂，因为他们担心工厂排放的气体会污染周围的空气。

3. Investment in ecological projects in this area mounted up to billions of Yuan.在这个地区，生态工程的投资额高达数十亿元。

4. The dry riverbed was strewn with rocks of all sizes.干枯的河道里布满了大大小小的石块。

5. Although war caused great losses to this country, its cultural traditions did not perish.虽然战争给这个国家造成巨大的损失，但当地的文化传统并没有消亡。

6. To make space for modern high rises, many ancient buildings with ethnic cultural features had to be demolished.为了建筑现代化的高楼大厦，许多古老的，具有民族特色的建筑物都被拆毁了。

7. In the earthquake the main structures of most of the poor-quality houses disintegrated.在地震中多数质量差的房子的主体结构都散架了。

第一课FacetofacewithHurricaneCamilleParaphrase:Weare23feetabovethesealevel.Thehousehasbeenheresince1915,andhasneverbeendamagedbyanyhurricanes.Wecanmakethenecessarypreparationsandsurvivethehurricanewithoutmuchdamage.Watergotintothegeneratorandputitout.Itstoppedproducingelectricitysothelightsalsowentout.Everybodygooutthroughthebackdoorandruntothecar.6.Theelectricalsystemsinthecar(thebatteryforthestarter)hadbeenputoutbywater.AsJohnwatchedthewaterinchitswayupthesteps,hefeltastrongsenseofguiltbecauseheblamedhimselfforendan geringthewholefamilybydecidingnottofleeinland.OhGod,pleasehelpustogetthroughthisstormsafely7.GrandmotherKoshaksangafewwordsaloneandthenhervoicegraduallygrewdimmerandstopped.8.Janisdisplayedratherlatetheexhaustionbroughtaboutbythenervoustensioncausedbythehurrican e.Translation(C-E)1.Eachandeveryplanemustbecheckedoutthoroughlybeforetakingoff. 每架飞机起飞之前必须经过严格的检查。

Unit 1 The Middle Eastern Bazaar一、词汇短语1. bazaar [] n. a market or area where there are a lot of small shops,especially in India or the Middle East(东方国家尤其是中东地区和印度地区的)集市，街市：Chickens, goats and rabbits were offered for barter at the bazaar.在集市上，鸡、山羊和兔子被摆出来作物物交换之用。

2. Gothic [] adj. the style of architecture prevalent in Western Europefrom the 12th to the 16th century, characterized by pointed arches andflying buttresses哥特式的3. cavern [] n. a large underground chamber, as in a cave山洞，洞穴4. harmonious []adj. characterized by harmony of sound;melodious悦耳的，和谐的：a harmonious group of friends一群和睦的朋友5. throng [] n. a great number of people gathered together, a large crowd人群，群集：A patient throng was waiting in silence.一大群耐心的人在静静地等着。

6. conceivable [] adj. that can be conceived, imagined可想象的，想得到的；可能的：by every conceivable means千方百计7. din [] n. a jumble of loud, usually discordant sounds喧哗，吵闹：The bustleand din gradually faded to silence as night advanced.随着夜越来越深，喧闹声逐渐沉寂。

张汉熙《⾼级英语（1）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语+课⽂精解+全⽂翻译+练习答案】（LessonLesson 12 Ships in the Desert (Edited)⼀、词汇短语1. anchor n. & v. to hold fast by or as if by an anchor抛锚，锚定：They layat anchor outside the harbor.他们在港外抛锚停泊。

2. lap vt. to wash or slap against with soft liquid sounds拍打：The waveswere lapping the side of the boat.波浪击打着船的侧⾯。

3. comparable adj. that can be compared可⽐较的，⽐得上的4. underlying adj. fundamental, basic在下⾯的，根本的，潜在的5. parka n. a thick warm jacket with a hood⽑⽪风雪⼤⾐，⽪制⼤⾐6. glacier n. a large mass of ice and snow thatforms in areas where the rate of snowfall constantly exceeds the rate atwhich the snow melts; it moves slowly outward from the center ofaccumulation or down a mountain until it melts or breaks away冰川7. emission n. a gas or other substance that is sent into the air排放，排出物：fume emission尘雾排放8. inexorable adj. not capable of being persuaded byentreaty; relentless不可变的，残酷⽆情的：the inexorable passage of theseasons⼈⼒不能改变的四季转移9. graph n. a diagram, as a curve, broken lines, series of bars, etc.,representing the successive changes in a variable quantity or quantities图表，曲线图10. frigid adj. extremely cold极其寒冷的：Frigid winds blew fromthe north.寒风从北⽅刮来。

Unit 1 The Middle Eastern Bazaar一、词汇短语1. bazaar [bE5zB:] n. a market or area where there are a lot of small shops, especiallyin India or the Middle East(东方国家尤其是中东地区和印度地区的)集市，街市：Chickens, goats and rabbits were offered for barter at the bazaar.在集市上，鸡、山羊和兔子被摆出来作物物交换之用。

2. Gothic [5^CWik] adj. the style of architecture prevalent in Western Europe fromthe 12th to the 16th century, characterized by pointed arches and flyingbuttresses哥特式的3. cavern [5kAvEn] n. a large underground chamber, as in a cave山洞，洞穴4. harmonious [hB:5mEunjEs] adj. characterized by harmony of sound; melodious悦耳的，和谐的：a harmonious group of friends一群和睦的朋友5. throng [WrCN] n. a great number of people gathered together, a large crowd人群，群集：A patient throng was waiting in silence.一大群耐心的人在静静地等着。

6. conceivable [kEn5si:vEbl] adj. that can be conceived, imagined可想象的，想得到的；可能的：by every conceivable means千方百计7. din [din] n. a jumble of loud, usually discordant sounds喧哗，吵闹：The bustle anddin gradually faded to silence as night advanced.随着夜越来越深，喧闹声逐渐沉寂。

高级英语（第三版）第一册课文译文和词汇张汉熙版Lesson 2 Hiroshima - The "Liveliest" City in Japan（experts）广岛--日本“最有活力”的城市(节选) 雅各•丹瓦“广岛到了!大家请下车!”当世界上最快的高速列车减速驶进广岛车站并渐渐停稳时，那位身着日本火车站站长制服的男人口中喊出的一定是这样的话。

我其实并没有听懂他在说些什么，一是因为他是用日语喊的，其次，则是因为我当时心情沉重，喉咙哽噎，忧思万缕，几乎顾不上去管那日本铁路官员说些什么。

踏上这块土地，呼吸着广岛的空气，对我来说这行动本身已是一套令人激动的经历，其意义远远超过我以往所进行的任何一次旅行或采访活动。

难道我不就是在犯罪现场吗?这儿的日本人看来倒没有我这样的忧伤情绪。

从车站外的人行道上看去，这儿的一切似乎都与日本其他城市没什么两样。

身着和嘏的小姑娘和上了年纪的太太与西装打扮的少年和妇女摩肩接豫;神情严肃的男人们对周围的人群似乎视而不见，只顾着相互交淡，并不停地点头弯腰，互致问候：“多么阿里伽多戈扎伊马嘶。

”还有人在使用杂货铺和烟草店门前挂着的小巧的红色电话通话。

“嗨!嗨!”出租汽车司机一看见旅客，就砰地打开车门，这样打着招呼。

“嗨”，或者某个发音近似“嗨”的什么词，意思是“对”或“是”。

“能送我到市政厅吗?”司机对着后视镜冲我一笑，又连声“嗨!”“嗨!”出租车穿过广岛市区狭窄的街巷全速奔驰，我们的身子随着司机手中方向盘的一次次急转而前俯后仰，东倒西歪。

与此同时，这座曾惨遭劫难的城市的高楼大厦则一座座地从我们身边飞掠而过。

正当我开始觉得路程太长时，汽车嘎地一声停了下来，司机下车去向警察问路。

就像东京的情形一样，广岛的出租车司机对他们所在的城市往往不太熟悉，但因为怕在外国人面前丢脸，却又从不肯承认这一点。

无论乘客指定的目的地在哪里，他们都毫不犹豫地应承下来，根本不考虑自己要花多长时间才能找到目的地。

张汉熙《高级英语》重点词汇表整理第一册2Lesson Two Hiroshima – the Liveliest City in the WorldWords and Expressions to Learn1.NounsHiroshima, uniform, preoccupations, fa?ade, twist, usher, embankment, intermezzo, kimono, renown, oyster, assent, porcelain, reverie, cataclysm, impact, formaldehyde, ether, ritual, usher, tatami, twinge, agony2.Verbslurch, bob, pop, sketch, heave, moor, tread, crush, linger, erect, demolish, encounter, slay, moor, inhibit, humiliate, screech,3.Adjectives and Adverbsoblivious of, incessant, arresting, stunning, beige, cautiously, agitated, flexible, heinous, lively, adrift, gigantic,4.Noun Phrasesa lump in the throat, reportorial assignment, scene of crime, ritual formula, porcelain-facedwoman, rear-view mirror, point of impact, genetic damage from radiation, martyred city, spinal column, atomic bombardment, nickel-plated instrument, missing friend, school of thought, a twinge of embarrassment, earthly cares5.Verb Phrasesslip to a stop, rub shoulders with, lurch from side to side, screech to a halt, find oneself…, heave a sigh, sink in, smell of, send shivers down the spine6.Other phrasesoblivious of, at the very sight of, in agony, in response to, without concern fo r, by trade, free…from…, at the prospect of, in advance7.Cultural BackgroundHiroshima, kimono, tatami, atomic bombardment in 1945, atomic damage, Japanese Custom,。

Lesson 1 The Middle Eastern Bazaar1.The roadway is about twelve feet wide, but it is narrowed every few yards by little stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold.2.As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear.3.…until you round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes…4.…as the burnished copper catches the light of innumberable lamps and braziers.5.The dye-market, the pottery market and the carpenters’ market lie elsewhere in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb the bazaar.6.Every here and there, a doorway gives a glimpse of a sunlit courtyard, perhaps before a mosque or a caravanserai, where camels lie disdainfully chewing their hay…7.It is a vast, sombre cavern of a room, some thirty feet high and sixty feet square, and so thick with the dust of centuries that the mudbrick walls and vaulted roof are only dimly visible.8.Quickly the trickle becomes a flood of glistening linseed oil as the beam sinks earthwards, taut and protesting, its creaks blending with the squeaking and rumbling of thegrinding-wheels and the occassional grunts and sighs of the camels.Lesson 2 Hiroshima—the “Liveliest” City in Japan1.Hiroshima—the “liveliest” city in Japan2.…as the fastest train in the world slipped to a stop...3.Was I not at the scene of the crime?4.At last this intermezzo came to an end…5.The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skycrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt.6.…where thousands upon thousands of people had been slain in one second, where thousands upon thousands of others had lingered on to die in slow agony.7.…a town known throughout the world for its—oysters.8.I felt sick, and ever since then they have been testing and treating me.9.Each day that I escape death, each day of suffering that helps to free me from earthly cares, I make a new little paper bird, and add it to the others.Lesson 3 Ships in the Desert1.The prospects of a good catch looked bleak.2.After a hearty breakfast, my companions and I traveled by snowmobiles a few miles farther north to a rendezvous point…3.Acre by acre, the rain forest is being burned to create fast pasture for fast-food beef.4.This “noctilucent cloud” occasionally appears when the earth is first cloaked in the evening darkness.5.But, without even considering that threat, shouldn’t it startle us that we have now put these clouds in the evening sky which glisten with a spectral light? Or have our eyes adjusted socompletely to the bright lights of civilization that we can’t see these clouds for what they are—a physical manifestation of the violent collision between human civilization and the earth?6.Also called natural gas, methane is released from landfills, from coal mines and rice paddies, from billions of termites that swarm through the freshly cut forestland, from the burning ofbiomass and from a variety of other human activities.7.We have reshaped a large part of the earth’s surface with concrete in our cities.Lesson 4 Everyday Use for your grandmama1.It is like an extended living room.2.My skin is like an uncooked barley pancake.3.Johnny Carson has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue.4.Who ever knew a Johnson with a quick tongue? Who can even imagine me looking a strange white man in the eye?5.…showing just enough of her thin body enveloped in pink skirt and red blouse…6.Impressed with her they worshiped the well-turned phrase, the cute shape, the scalding humor that erupted like bubbles in lye.7.Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail.8.After I tripped over it two or three times he told me …9.And she stops and tries to dig a well in the sand with her toe.10.Wangero said, sweet as a bird.11.She gasped like a bee had stung her.Lesson 5 Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of the U. S. S. R.1.I suppose they will be rounded up in hordes.2.If Hitler invaded Hell I would make at least a favourable reference to the Devil in the House of Commons.3.That is our policy and that is our declaration.4.I see the Russian soldiers standing on the thresthold of their native land, guarding the fields which their fathers have tilled from time immemorial.5.I see them guarding their homes where mothers and wives pray---ah, yes, for there are times when all pray---for the safety of their beloved ones, the return of the bread-winner, of theirchampion, of their protector.6.I see the ten thousand villages of Russia where the means of existence is wrung so hardly from the soil, but where there are still primordial human joys, where maidens laugh andchildren play.7.I see advancing upon all this in hideous onslaught the Nazi war machine, with its clanking, heel-clicking, dandified Prussian officers, it crafty expert agents fresh from the cowing andtying down of a dozen countries.8.I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery plodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts.9.I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, still smarting from many a British whipping, delighted to find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey.10.From this nothing will turn us---nothing.11.We will never parley, we will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gane.12.W e shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air, until, with God’s help, we have rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its peoples from his yoke.13.Any man or state who fights on against Nazidom will have our aid. Any man or state who marches with Hitler is our foe…14.Behind all this glare, behind all this storm, I see that small group of villainous men who plan, organize, and launch this cataract of horrors upon mankind…15.On the contrary, we shall be fortified and encourged in our efforts to rescue mankind from his tyranny. We shall be strenthened and not weakened in determination and in resources.16.…the subjugation of the Western Hemisphere to his will and to his system.17.…just as the cause of any Russian fighting for his hearth and home is the cause of free men and free peoples in every quarter of the globe.Lesson 6 Blackmail1.As a result the nerves of both the Duke and Duchess were excessively frayed when the muted buzzer of the outer door eventually sounded.2.The obese body shook in an appreciative chuckle.3.His wife shot him a swift, warning glance.4.You drove there in your fancy Jaguar, and you took a lady friend.5.The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein on her racing mind.6.Her voice was a whiplash.7.Eyes bored into him.8.The house detective clucked his tongue reprovingly.9.In what conceivable way does our car concern you?Lesson 7 The Age of Miracle Chips1.Under a microscope, it resembles a stylized Navaho rug or the aerial view of a railroad swithcing yard.2.Unlike the hulking Calibans of vacuum tubes and tangled wires from which it evolved…3.As the alarm clock burrs…4.The percolator in the kitchen starts burbling…5.The TV set blinks on with the day’s first newscast…6.Following eyeball-to-eyeball consultations with the butcher and the baker and the grocer on the tube, she hits a button to commandeer supplies…7.Next to health, heart and home, happiness for mobile Americans depends upon the automobile.8.The computer revolution is stimulating intellects, liberating limbs and propelling mankind to a higher order of existense.9.For the mighty army of consumers, the ultimate applications of the computer revolution are still around the bend of a silicon circuit.Lesson 8 An Interactive Life1.Where he saw internal memos, someone else saw Beethoven.2.The shows of the future may be the technological great grandchildren of current CD-ROM titles.3.To prevent getting trampled by a stampede of data, viewers will rely on programmed electronic selectors that could go out into the info corral and rope in the subjects the viewer wants.4.Interactive is like a conversation.5.And where there are agents, can counteragents be far behind?6.…interactivity may widen the gap between the haves and the have-nots, the rich and wired vs. the poor and unplugged.7.Would you want your child---or any child---to play that game?8.Will government regulate messages sent out on this vast data highway?9.Indeed, intelligent agents could be a gold mine of information.。

张汉熙《⾼级英语（1）》（修订本）学习指南（AnInteractiveLife）【圣才出品】Unit 8 An Interactive Life⼀、词汇短语1. envision [in5viVEn] vt. to picture in the mind; imagine想象，预见，展望：Americansoften envision their country as in some sense “classless”.美国⼈常常想象⾃⼰的国家在某种意义上是“⽆阶层的”。

2. prophecy [5prCfisi]n. a statement that something will happen in the future,especially one made by someone with religious or magic powers预⾔3. hype [haip] n. exaggerated claims made especially in advertising or promotionalmaterial⼤肆宣传，⼤做⼴告：There was a big media hype for that new movie.那部新推出电影有很⼤的媒体宣传。

4. esoteric [7esEu5terik] adj. known and understood by only a few people who havespecial knowledge about something限于⼩圈⼦的；深奥的，难懂的：esotericpoem难懂的诗5. terminator [5tE:mineitE] n. one that terminates终⽌者：a terminator of unpopularpolicies不受欢迎的政策的终结者6. arty [5B:tsi] adj. pretentiously artistic; arty附庸风雅的，装作爱好艺术的；对艺术略有兴趣的：He was one of those arty types.他是那种附庸风雅类型的。

张汉熙《⾼级英语（1）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语+课⽂精解+全⽂翻译+练习答案】（LessonLesson 3 Blackmail⼀、词汇短语1. blackmail n. extortion of money by threats to exposediscrediting information敲诈，勒索：If someone tried to blackmail me Iwould tell the police.如果有⼈企图敲诈我，我就向警察告发。

2. suite n. a series of connected rooms used as a living unit⼀套房间：T hey assembled in the chairman’s office suite.他们聚集在总统的办公室套间⾥。

3. cryptic adj. secret or occult秘密的，不公开的：a cryptic remark 含义隐晦的话4. fray vt. to alarm; frighten使惊恐，使害怕5. buzzer n. an electric signaling device, such as a doorbell, that makesa buzzing sound电铃，门铃6. dispatch vt. to send someone or something somewhere for aparticular purpose分派，派遣：dispatch a messenger派遣使者7. errand n. a short trip taken to perform a specified task, usually foranother差事：I’ve got a few errands to do in the town.我有⼏件事要进城办。

[搭配]run errand跑腿8. piggy adj. like a pig; greedy猪⼀般的；贪婪的9. sardonically adv. scornfully or cynically mocking讥讽地，嘲笑地10. gross adj. overweight; heavy臃肿的，肥胖的11. encompass vt. to form a circle or ring around; surround围绕，环绕：The course will encompass physics, chemistry and biology.课程将包括物理、化学和⽣物学。

Lesson 1 The Middle Eastern Bazaar1)Little donkeys thread their way among the throngs of people.Little donkeys make their way in and out of the moving crowds2)Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market.Then as you go deeper into the market, the noise of the entrance gradually disappears, and you come to the silent cloth-market.3) They narrow down their choice and begin the really serious business of beating the price down. After careful search, comparison and some primary bargaining,they reduce their choices and try making the decision by beginning to do the really serious job convince the shopkeeper to lower the price.4) He will price the item high, and yield little in the bargaining.He will ask for a high price for the item and refuse to cut down the price by any significant amount.5) As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear.As you get near it, a variety of sounds begin to strike your ear.Lesson 2 Hiroshima -- the "Liveliest”City in Japan1）serious-looking men spoke to one another as if they were obvious of the crowds about them They were so absorbed in their conversion that they seemed not to pay any attention to the people around them.2）The cab driver’s door popped open at the very sight of a traveler.As soon as the taxi driver saw a traveler, he immediately open the door3)The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt.The traditional floating houses among high modern buildings represent the constant struggle between old tradition and new development.4）I experienced a twinge of embarrassment at the prospect of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima in my socks.I suffered from a strong feeling of shame when I thought of the scene of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima wearing my socks only.5) The few Americans and Germans seemed just as inhibited as I was.The few Americans and Germans seemed just as restrained as 1 was．6)After three days in Japan, the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible.After three days in Japan one gets quite used to bowing to people as a ritual to show gratitude．7)I was about to make my little bow of assent, when the meaning of these last words sank in, jolting me out of my sad reverie .I was on the point of showing my agreement by nodding when I suddenly realized what he meant．His words shocked me out my sad dreamy thinking．8)I thought somehow I had been spared.I thought for some reason or other no harm had been done to me．Lesson3 Ships in the Desert1. the prospects of a good catch looked bleakIt was not at all possible to catch a large amount of fish.2.He moved his finger back in time to the ice of two decades ago.Following the layers of ice in the core sample, his finger came to the place where the layer of ice was formed 2050 years ago.3.keeps its engines running to prevent the metal parts from freeze-locking togetherkeeps its engines running for fear that if he stops them, the metal parts would be frozen solid and the engines would not be able to start again4.Considering such scenarios is not a purely speculative exercise.Bit by bit trees in the rain forest are felled and the land is cleared and turned into pasture where cattle can be raised quickly and slaughtered and the beef can be used in hamburgers.5.Acre by acre, the rain forest is being burned to create fast pasture for fast-food beef…Since miles of forest are being destroyed and the habitat for these rare birds no longer exists, thousands of birds which we have not even had a chance to see will become extinct.6 which means we are silencing thousands of songs we have never even heard.Thinking about how a series of events might happen as a consequence of the thinning of the polar cap is not just a kind of practice in conjecture (speculation), it has got practical Value.7.we are ripping matter from its place in the earth in such volume as to upset the balance between daylight and darkness.We are using and destroying resources in such a huge amount that we are disturbing the balance between daylight and darkness.8.Or have our eyes adjusted so completely to the bright lights of civilization that we can't see these clouds for what they are …Or have we been so accustomed to the bright electric lights that we fail to understand the threatening implication of these clouds.9. To come at the question another way…To put forward the question in a different way10.and have a great effect on the location and pattern of human societiesand greatly affect the living places and activities of human societies11.We seem oblivious of the fragility of the earth's natural systems.We seem unaware that the earth's natural systems are delicate.12. And this ongoing revolution has also suddenly accelerated exponentially.And this continuing revolution has also suddenly developed at a speed that doubled and tripled the original speed.Lesson 4 Everyday Use1.She thinks her sister has held life always in the palm of one hand…She thinks that her sister has a firm control of her life.2. "no" is a word the world never learned to say to herShe could always have anything she wanted, and life was extremely generous to her.3. Johnny Carson has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue.The popular TV talk show star, Johnny Carson, who is famous for his witty and glib tongue, has to try hard if he wants to catch up with me.4. It seems to me I have talked to them always with one toot raised in flightIt seems to me that I have talked to them always ready to leave as quickly as possible.5.She washed us in a river of make-believeShe imposed on us lots of falsity.6.burned us with a lot of knowledge we didn't necessarily need to knowimposed on us a lot of knowledge that is totally useless to us7.Like good looks and money, quickness passed her by.She is not bright just as she is neither good-looking rich.8.A dress down to the ground, in this hot weather.Dee wore a very long dress even on such a hot day.9.You can see me trying to move a second or two before I make it.You can see me trying to move my body a couple of seconds before I finally manage to push myself up.10.Anyhow, he soon gives up on Maggie.Soon he knows that won't do for Maggie, so he stops trying to shake hands with Maggie. 11.Though, in fact, I probably could have carried it back beyond the Civil Warthrough the branches.As I see Dee is getting tired of this, I don't want to go on either. In fact, I could have traced it far back before the Civil War along the branches of the family tree.12.Every once in a while he and Wangero sent eye signals over my head.Now and then he and Dee communicated through eye contact in a secretive way.13.Less than that!If Maggie put the old quilts on the bed, they would be in rags less than five years.14.This was the way she knew God to work.She knew this was God's arrangement.Lesson 5 Speech on Hitler's Invasion of the U.S.S.R.1.Hitler was counting on enlisting capitalist and Right Wing sympathies in this country and the U. S. A.Hitler was hoping that if he attacked Russia, he would win in Britain and the U.S. the support of those who were enemies of Communism.2.Winant said the same would be true of the U. S. A.Winant said the United States would adopt the same attitude.3 .…my life is much simplified therebyIn this way, my life is made much easier in this case, it will be much easier for me to decide on my attitude towards events.4. I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, still smarting from many a British whipping, delighted to find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey.I can see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, who, after suffering severe losses in the aerial battle of England, now feel happy because they think they can easily beat the Russian air force without heavy loss.5.We shall be strengthened and not weakened in determination and in resources.We shall be more determined and shall make better and fuller use of our resources.6. Let us redouble our exertions, and strike with united strength while life and power remain.Let us strengthen our unity and our efforts in the fight against Nazi Germany when we have not yet been overwhelmed and when we are still powerful.Lesson 6 Blackmail1.The house detective's piggy eyes surveyed her sardonically from his gross jowled face.The house detective's small narrow eyes looked her up and down scornfully from his fat face with a heavy jowl.2.Pretty neat set-up you folks got.This is a pretty nice room that you have got.3.The obese body shook in an appreciative chuckle .The fat body shook in a chuckle because the man was enjoying the fact that he could afford to do whatever he liked and also he was appreciating the fact that the Duchess knew why he had come.4.He lowered the level of his incongruous falsetto voice.He had an unnaturally high-pitched voice. now, he lowered the pitch.5.The words spat forth with sudden savagery , all pretense of blandness gone.Ogilvie spat out the words, throwing away his politeness.6. The Duchess of Croydon –three centuries and a half of inbred arrogance behind her –did not yield easily.The Duchess was supported by her arrogance coming from parents of noble families with a history of three centuries and a half. She wouldn't give up easily.7."It's no go, old girl. I'm afraid. It was a good try."It's no use. What you did just now was a good attempt at trying to save the situation. 8."That's more like it," Ogilvie said. He lit the fresh cigar. "Now we're getting somewhere." "That's more acceptable," Ogilvie said. He lit another cigar, "Now we're making some progress. "9.... his eyes sardonically on the Duchess as if challenging her objection....he looked at the Duchess sardonically as if he wanted to see if she dared to object to his smoking.10. The house detective clucked his tongue reprovingly .The house detective made noises with his tongue to show his disapproval.Lesson 9 Mark Twain ---Mirror of America1.a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human racea man who became constantly preoccupied by the moral weaknesses of mankind2.Mark Twain digested the new American experience before sharing it with the world as writer and lecturer.Mark Twain first observed and absorbed the new American experience, and then introduce it to the world in his books or lectures.3.The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied----a cosmos .In his new profession he could meet people of all kinds.4.Broke and discouraged, he accepted a job as reporter with the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise…With no money and a frashated feeling, he accepted a job as reporter with Territorial Enterprise in Virginia City ...5.Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist. Mark Twain began working hard to became well known locally as a newspaper reporter and humorist.6. and when she projects a new surprise, the grave world smiles as usual, and says 'Well, that is California all over. '"and when California makes a plan for a new surprise, the solemn people in other states of the U.S. smile as usual, making a comment "that's typical of California"7.Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh.The man who had made the world laugh was himself consumed by bitterness.Lesson 10 The Trial That Rocked the World1. we'll show them a few tricksWe have some clever and unexpected tactics and we will surprise them in the trial.2.The case had erupted round my head...The case had come down upon me unexpectedly and violently.3.The fundamentalists adhered to a literal interpretation of the Old Testament.The fundamentalists believe in a word-for-word acceptance of what is said in the Bible.4.that all animal life, including monkeys and men, had evolved from a common ancestor.that all life had developed gradually from a common original organism5."Let's take this thing to court and test the legality of it."Let's accuse Scopes of teaching evolution and let the court decide whether he is breaking the law or not.6.People from the surrounding hills, mostly fundamentalists, arrived to cheer Bryan against the " infidel outsiders"People from the nearby mountains, mostly fundamentalists, came to support Bryan against those professors, scientists, and lawyers who came from the northern big cities and were not fundamentalists.7.As my father growled, "That's one hell of a jury!"As my father complained angrily, "That' s no jury at all. "8. He is here because ignorance and bigotry are rampant.He is here because unenlightenment and prejudice are widespread and unchecked.9.Spectators paid to gaze at it and ponder whether they might be related.People had to pay in order to have a look at the ape and to consider carefully whether apes and humans could have a common ancestry.10.and the crowd punctuated his defiant replies with fervent "Amens"and the crowd, who were mainly fundamentalists, took his words showing no fear as if they were prayers, interrupting frequently with "Amen"。

Lesson 1The Middle Eastern BazaarI．1)A bazaar is a market or street of shops and stands in Oriental countries．Such bazaars are likely to be found in Afghanistan，the Arabian Peninsula，Cyprus，Asiatic Turkey and Egypt．2)The bazaar includes many markets：cloth—market，copper—smiths’market．carpet—market，food—market，dye—market，pottery—market，carpenters’market，etc．They represent the backward feudal economy．3)A blind man could know which part 0f the bazaar he was in by his senses of smell and hearing．Different odours and sounds can give him some ideas about the various parts 0f the bazaar．4)Because the earthen floor，beaten hard by countless feet，deadens the sound of footsteps，and the vaulted mudbrick walls and roof have hardly and sounds to echo. The shop-keepers also speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers follow suit.5)The place where people make linseed oil seems the most picturesque in the bazaar. The backwardness of their extracting oil presents an unforgetable scene.II .1)little donkeys went in and out among the people and from one side to another2)Then as you pass through a big crowd to go deeper into the market, the noise of the entrance gradually disappear, and you come to the much quieter cloth-market.3)they drop some of items that they don't really want and begin to bargain seriously for a low price.4)He will ask for a high price for the item and refuse to cut down the price by any significant amount.5)As you get near it, a variety of sounds begin to strike your ear.Ⅲ. See the translation of text.IV.1)n. +n..seaside, doorway, graveyard, warlord2)n. +v..daybreak, moonrise, bullfight3)v. +n..cutback, cutthroat, rollway4)adj. +n..shortterm, softcoal, softliner, hardware5)adv. +v. .output , upgrade, downpour6)v. +adv..pullover, buildupV.1)thread (n.) she failed to put the thread through the eye of the needle.(v.) He threaded through the throng.2)round (v.) On the 1st of September the ship rounded the Cape of Good Hope. (adv.) He wheeled round and faced me angrily.3)narrow(v.) In the discussions we did not narrow the gap any further. (adj．)He failed by a very narrow margin．4)price(n．) The defence secretary said the U．S．was not looking for an agreement at any price．(v．)At the present consumption rates(of oil)the world may well be pricing itself out of its future．5) (v．)live About 40％of the population lives on the land and tries to live off it．(adj．)The nation heard the inaugural speech in a live broadcast．6)tower (n．)The tower was built in the 1 4th century．(v．)The general towered over his contemporaries．7)dwarf (v．)A third of the nation's capital goods are shipped from this area，which dwarfs West Germany's mighty Ruhr Valley in industrial output．(n．)Have you ever read the story of Snow White and the Dwarfs?Ⅵ．1)light and heat：glare，dark，shadowy，dancing flashes．the red of the live coals，glowing bright，dimming，etc．2)sound and movement：enter，pass，thread their way．penetrate，selecting，pricing，doinga little preliminary bargaining，din，tinkling，banging，clashing，creak，squeaking，rumbling，etc．3)smell and colour：profusion of rich colours，pungent and exotic smells，etc．Ⅶ．1)glare指刺眼的光；brightness指光源发出的强烈稳定的光，强调光的强度。

Unit 14 Argentia Bay一、词汇短语1. pervade [] vt. to be present throughout; permeate蔓延，遍及，弥漫：The air is pervaded by a smoking.空气中弥散着一种烟味。

2. haze [] n. light thin mist or smoke薄雾，尘雾：I couldn’t see her throughthe haze of smoke.在烟雾弥漫中，我看不见她。

3. tint[]n. a slight coloration; a tinge浅色：The painting glowed withbeautiful autumn tints.这幅油画映现出美丽的淡淡的秋色。

4. chore [] n. a routine or minor duty日常工作：As a child one of my choreswas to feed the animals.小时候我的杂活之一就是喂动物。

5. squawk [] n. a loud screech粗厉的叫声6. camouflage [] v. a). to conceal by the use of disguise or byprotective coloring or garments that blend in with the surroundingenvironment伪装，掩饰：camouflage ships by painting them gray将船涂上灰色以便伪装；b). to use protective coloring or garments forconcealment伪装，隐藏：We camouflaged in the bushes and no onesaw us.我们隐藏在灌木丛中没有被人发现。

7. swirl [] n. a whirling or eddying motion or mass旋转，旋涡：She dancedwith a swirl of her skirt.她飞旋着裙子跳舞。

Unit 10 The Trial That Rocked the World一、词汇短语1. sweltering [5sweltEriN] adj. oppressively hot and humid; sultry酷热的，热得发昏的：We were sweltering in our winter clothes.我们穿着冬衣热得够呛。

2. counsel [5kaunsEl]n. a lawyer or group of lawyers giving legal advice andespecially conducting a case in court辩护律师，法律顾问3. sliver-tongued [5silvE5tQN]adj. eloquent; persuasive口才好的，雄辩的：asilver-tongued lawyer能言善辩的律师4. orator [5CrEtE] n. an eloquent and skilled public speaker演讲家，雄辩家：He isknown as a gifted orator.众所周知,他是一位天才演说家。

5. nominee [nCmi5ni:]n. one who has been nominated to an office or for acandidacy被提名者，被任命者：the Democratic nominee for thePresidency民主党提名的总统候选人6. testify [5testifai]v. to make a declaration of truth or fact under oath; submittestimony作证：The witnesses testified before a grand jury.目击证人在陪审团面前作证。

7. jury [5dVuEri] n. a group of 12 ordinary people who listen to the details of a casein court and decide whether someone is guilty or not陪审团8. erupt [i5rQpt] v. burst forth or out, as from some restraint爆发，迸发，喷出：Thewisdom of Chinese people will erupt like a volcano.中国人的智慧会像火山一样爆发出来。

Lesson1Face to Face with Hurricane Camille一、词汇短语1.hurricane[]n.a severe tropical cyclone usually with heavy rainsand winds moving a73-136knots飓风sh[]vt.strike against with force or violence猛烈打击：The sleet is lashingthe roof.雨夹雪击打着屋顶。

3.pummel[]v.（用拳头连续）击打：The child pummeled his motherangrily as she carried him home.那孩子因其母带他回家而生气地捶打着母亲。

4.reluctant[]adj.unwilling;disinclined不愿意的，勉强的：Hewas very reluctant to go away.他很不愿意离去。

其名词形式为reluctance。

5.abandon[]vt.a).leave someone who needs or counts on you;leave in the lurch放弃，抛弃：abandon a friend in trouble抛弃处于危难中的朋友；b).to give up by leaving or ceasing to operate or inhabit,especially as a result of danger or other impending threat离弃，丢弃：abandon the ship弃船6.course[]n.a mode of action or behavior品行，行为7.demolish[]vt.to do away with completely;put an end to毁坏，破坏：The fire demolished the town.大火烧毁了这座城镇。

Lesson 1The Middle Eastern BazaarI．1)A bazaar is a market or street of shops and stands in Oriental countries．Such bazaars are likely to be found in Afghanistan，the Arabian Peninsula，Cyprus，Asiatic Turkey and Egypt．2)The bazaar includes many markets：cloth—market，copper—smiths’market．carpet—market，food—market，dye—market，pottery—market，carpenters’market，etc．They represent the backward feudal economy．3)A blind man could know which part 0f the bazaar he was in by his senses of smell and hearing．Different odours and sounds can give him some ideas about the various parts 0f the bazaar．4)Because the earthen floor，beaten hard by countless feet，deadens the sound of footsteps，and the vaulted mudbrick walls and roof have hardly and sounds to echo. The shop-keepers also speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers follow suit.5)The place where people make linseed oil seems the most picturesque in the bazaar. The backwardness of their extracting oil presents an unforgetable scene.II .1)little donkeys went in and out among the people and from one side to another2)Then as you pass through a big crowd to go deeper into the market, the noise of the entrance gradually disappear, and you come to the much quieter cloth-market.3)they drop some of items that they don't really want and begin to bargain seriously for a low price.4)He will ask for a high price for the item and refuse to cut down the price by any significant amount.5)As you get near it, a variety of sounds begin to strike your ear.Ⅲ. See the translation of text.IV.1)n. +n..seaside, doorway, graveyard, warlord2)n. +v..daybreak, moonrise, bullfight3)v. +n..cutback, cutthroat, rollway4)adj. +n..shortterm, softcoal, softliner, hardware5)adv. +v. .output , upgrade, downpour6)v. +adv..pullover, buildupV.1)thread (n.) she failed to put the thread through the eye of the needle.(v.) He threaded through the throng.2)round (v.) On the 1st of September the ship rounded the Cape of Good Hope. (adv.) He wheeled round and faced me angrily.3)narrow(v.) In the discussions we did not narrow the gap any further. (adj．)He failed by a very narrow margin．4)price(n．) The defence secretary said the U．S．was not looking for an agreement at any price．(v．)At the present consumption rates(of oil)the world may well be pricing itself out of its future．5) (v．)live About 40％of the population lives on the land and tries to live off it．(adj．)The nation heard the inaugural speech in a live broadcast．6)tower (n．)The tower was built in the 1 4th century．(v．)The general towered over his contemporaries．7)dwarf (v．)A third of the nation's capital goods are shipped from this area，which dwarfs West Germany's mighty Ruhr Valley in industrial output．(n．)Have you ever read the story of Snow White and the Dwarfs?Ⅵ．1)light and heat：glare，dark，shadowy，dancing flashes．the red of the live coals，glowing bright，dimming，etc．2)sound and movement：enter，pass，thread their way．penetrate，selecting，pricing，doinga little preliminary bargaining，din，tinkling，banging，clashing，creak，squeaking，rumbling，etc．3)smell and colour：profusion of rich colours，pungent and exotic smells，etc．Ⅶ．1)glare指刺眼的光；brightness指光源发出的强烈稳定的光，强调光的强度。