英语语法重点和难点解析(一)

高考英语语法-难点易错点归纳解析一、定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词有that,which,who（宾格whom），所有格whose）和关系副词where when why等，关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中充当一个成分，关系代词that，which,who,whom等在从句中分别作主语或宾语，whose在从句中作定语，而关系副词when,where,why等在从句中作状语。

如：I will never forget the days when/in which we worked together.解析：在句①中，表示时间的名词the days在从句中充当的是状语，所以用关系副词when来代指，引导定语从句修饰先行词the days；而在句②中，表示时间的名词the days在从句中充当的是动词spent的宾语，所以用关系代词that或which来代指。

同样，表示地点或原因的名词如果在从句中作状语，则用关系副词where 或why 来代指；如果在从句中作动词的宾语，则用which或that来代替。

如：①This is the factory where/in which I worked.（作状语）②This is the factory that/which I visited years ago.（作宾语）注：当先行词为time,reason, place时，引导词可以省略。

如：This was the first (when/what) I had serious trouble with my boss.That is the reason (why) I did it.This is the place (where) we met yesterday.另外，定语从句中谓语动词的数应与先行词的数相一致。

如：①Mr.Jackson is the only foreigner that is present at the party.②He is one of the students who were praised by the teacher.解析：在句①中，先行词foreigner被only修饰，强调只有一个，所以从句中谓语动词用单数形式，而在句②中，who引导的定语从句修饰先行词the students，为复数，所以从句谓语动词应为复数。

初中英语语法知识难点整理英语语法知识难点（一）（一）形容词和副词I．要点A．形容词1、形容词的用法形容词是用来修饰、描绘名词的，通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补，有时还可作状语。

如：He is honest and hardworking.I found the book interesting.某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式。

如：The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.The English like to be with their families.多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序：冠词+序数词+基数词+性质状态（描述性）+形状大小+新旧老少+颜色+国籍+材料+名词。

如：the second five interesting big new red Chinese wall papers.2、形容词比较等级的形式（1）规则形式一般说来，单音节词及少数双音节词在后加-er; --est 来构成比较级和最高级；其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more, most.如：great-greater-greatestbusy-busier-busiestimportant-more important-(the)most important（2）不规则形式good (well)-better-bestbad (ill)-worse-worstmany (much)-more-mostlittle-less-least（3）形容词比较等级的用法①表示两者的比较，用形容词的比较级+than. 如：He is cleverer than the other boys.This one is more beautiful than that one.②表示两者以上的比较，用"the +形容词最高级（+名词）+of(in) …"如：He is the cleverest boy in his class.③表示两者是同等程度，用"as +形容词原级+as". 如：He is as tall as I.I have as many books as you.④越… 越…例如：The more I learn, the happier I am.⑤You can never be too careful. 越小心越好又如：You can never praise the teacher too highly.你怎么赞扬这个老师也不过分。

高中英语语法重点难点回顾――定语从句用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。

一、关系代词引导的定语从句1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词句子成分用于限制从句或非限制性从句只用于限制性从句代替人代替物代替人或物主语Who which that主语Whom which that宾语Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which)例1：This is the detective who came from London.例2：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.例3：The desk whose leg is broken is very old.例4：This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.2．关系代词的用法(1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。

例如：All the people that are present burst into tears.(2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。

例如：(3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。

例如：There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom are well educated.(4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。

直击高考英语语法重难点系列专题01 with的复合结构咱们把学英语比作为修屋子：语法是屋子的框架，辞汇是屋子的砖瓦，高级辞汇和句型是屋子的装修。

在这三者中语法是最基础的部份。

学生只有把握了大体的语法才能灵活运用英语这种语言，只有能活用才会有能力的迁移。

以下是按学习内容的难点、重点、考点和学生的易错点别离做的英语语法系列归纳。

其特点是：开门见山直击考点。

几乎涵盖了所有的重要考点，如此学生感觉学有所用，最终形成前后穿插、纵横交织、点面结合的立体知识结构图。

一、with的复合结构本结构在试卷上显现的频率超级高，学好那个结构咱们能准确地进行答题、能更好地欣赏句子，同时也能让咱们的书面表达出彩。

with复合结构常有以下结构：1. with + 宾语+ doingWith so many people communicating in English now, I find it very necessary to master it.此刻有那么多的人用英语交流，我发觉把握英语很有必要。

2. with + 宾语 + doneWith my room cleaned, I went to bed.房间打扫了我就上床睡觉了。

3. with + 宾语 + to doThis is my first book, with the second to come out next year.这是我的第一本书，第二本明年出版。

4. with + 宾语 + to be doneThis is my first book, with the second to be published next year.这是我的第一本书，第二本明年出版。

5. with + 宾语 + adj.a. They left the office in a hurry, with the door open.他们慌忙离开了办公室，门都开着。

b. He always sleeps with the windows halfopen .他老是把窗户半开着睡觉。

初一英语知识点总复习初一英语语法知识点总结复习课时一教学任务一、重点语法1. 动词 be（ am,is,are）的用法：be 动词包括― am‖ , ― is ‖三,种―形are式。

‖①第一人称单数 (I) 配合 am 来用。

句型解析析： I am+ ⋯例句： I am Snoopy.I am ten years old.I am a student.I am a boy.②第二人称 (You)配合 are 使用。

句型解析： You are+ ⋯例句： You are my good friend.You are a good teacher.You are beautiful③第三人称单数 (He or She or It)配合 is 使用。

句型解析： She(He, It) is + ⋯⋯例句： She is a good girl.She is so tall.She is short.④人称复数 (we /you/they)配合 are 使用。

句型解析： We (You, They) are + ⋯⋯例句 Weare in Class 5,Grade 7.They are my friends.You are good students.用法口诀：我 (I) 用 am, 你 (you) 用 are， is 跟着他 (he)，她 (she)，它 (it) 。

单数名词用 is，复数名词全用are。

变否定，更容易， be 后 not 加上去。

变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。

还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。

对应练习：一.用括号中适当的词填空。

1.I ________(am, are, is) from Australia.2.S he _______ (am, are, is) a student.3.J ane and Tom _________(am, is, are) my friends.4.M y parents _______ (am, is, are) very busy every day.5._______ (Are, Is, Do, Does) there a Chinese school in New York?6._______ (Be, Are, Were, Was) they excited when he heard the news?7.T here _____ (be) some glasses on it.8.I f he _____ (be) free tomorrow, he will go with us.一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空1.I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.2.T he girl______ Jack's sister.3.T he dog _______ tall and fat.4.T he man with big eyes _______ a teacher.5.______ your brother in the classroom?6.W here _____ your mother? She ______ at home.7.H ow _______ your father?- 1 -初一英语知识点总复习8.M ike and Liu Tao ______ at school.9.W hose dress ______ this?10.W hose socks ______ they?11.T hat ______ my red skirt.12.W ho ______ I?13.The jeans ______ on the desk.14.Here ______ a scarf for you.15.H ere ______ some sweaters for you.16.T he black gloves ______ for Su Yang.17.T his pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.18.T he two cups of milk _____ for me.19.S ome tea ______ in the glass.20.G ao shan's shirt _______ over there.第二课时（ 1）英语人称代词和物主代词一、人称代词表示―我‖、―你‖、―他‖、―她‖、―它‖、―我们‖、―你们‖、―他们‖的词，叫做人称代词。

知识图谱Module 4 Planes, ships and trains知识精讲一、必背词汇1、road [rəud] n. （尤指）公路，路2、accident ['æksidənt] n. 交通事故；意外事件3、except [ik'sept] prep. 除…之外4、choice [tʃɔis] n. 选择5、classmate ['klɑ:smeit] n. 同班同学6、far [fa:] adv. 远；遥远地；adj. 远的；遥远的7、magic ['mædʒik] adj.魔术的；戏法的8、close [kləuz] adj.（距离上）近点，接近的。

（距离上）接近地9、crowded ['kraudid] adj. 拥挤的；人数过多的10、all the time 一直；不断地11、journey ['dʒə:ni] n. 旅行；旅程12、book [buk] vt. 预订13、park [pa:k] vt. 停放（车）；泊（车）14、outside [,aut'said] prep. 在…范围之外；adv. 在外面，向外面；外部；外面。

adj. 外面的，外部的15、however [hau'evə] adv. 然而；但是16、cost [kɔst] vt. 花费；价钱为n. 费用，代价，成本16、name [neim] v.给…取名；给…命名17、if [if] conj. （表条件）如果；若二、重点词汇1. except preposition, conjunction /ɪkˈsept/not including; but not（表示不包括）除…之外1). The museum is open daily except Monday(s).博物馆除周一外每天都开放。

2). The government has few options except to keep interest rates high.政府除了保持高利率外，几乎没有其他的选择。

课时一教学任务一、重点语法1.动词be（am,is,are）的用法：be动词包括“am”, “is”, “are”三种形式。

①第一人称单数(I)配合am来用。

句型解析析：I am+…例句：I am Snoopy.I am ten years old.I am a student.I am a boy.②第二人称(You)配合are使用。

句型解析：You are+…例句：You are my good friend.You are a good teacher.You are beautiful③第三人称单数(He or She or It)配合is使用。

句型解析：She(He, It) is +……例句：She is a good girl.She is so tall.She is short.④人称复数 (we /you/they)配合are使用。

句型解析：We (You, They) are +……例句 We are in Class 5,Grade 7.They are my friends.You are good students.用法口诀：我(I)用am, 你(you)用are，is跟着他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。

单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。

变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。

变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。

还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。

对应练习：一. 用括号中适当的词填空。

1. I ________(am, are, is) from Australia.2. She _______ (am, are, is) a student.3. Jane and Tom _________(am, is, are) my friends.4. My parents _______ (am, is, are) very busy every day.5. _______ (Are, Is, Do, Does) there a Chinese school in New York?6. _______ (Be, Are, Were, Was) they excited when he heard the news?7. There _____ (be) some glasses on it.8. If he _____ (be) free tomorrow, he will go with us.一、用be 动词的适当形式填空1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.2. The girl______ Jack's sister.3. The dog _______ tall and fat.4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.5. ______ your brother in the classroom?6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.7. How _______ your father?8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.9. Whose dress ______ this?10. Whose socks ______ they?11. That ______ my red skirt.12. Who ______ I?13.The jeans ______ on the desk.14.Here ______ a scarf for you.15. Here ______ some sweaters for you.16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.18. The two cups of milk _____ for me.19. Some tea ______ in the glass.20. Gao shan's shirt _______ over there.第二课时（1）英语人称代词和物主代词一、人称代词表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词，叫做人称代词。

英语语法的易错点与重点英语语法是学习英语的基础，但是在学习过程中，我们常常会遇到一些易错点和重点。

本文将针对这些问题进行详细介绍和解析。

一、主谓一致主谓一致是英语语法中的基本规则之一，即主语与谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。

然而，在实际应用中，很多人容易犯错。

例如，当主语是以each、every、either、neither、one of等词开头的复合主语时，谓语动词应与后面的名词保持一致。

另外，当主语是由and连接的两个名词时，谓语动词应与较近的名词保持一致。

二、时态和语态时态和语态是英语语法中的重点和难点之一。

在时态方面，我们常常会混淆过去时和现在完成时、一般现在时和现在进行时等。

需要注意的是，过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态，而现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。

在语态方面，我们常常会混淆被动语态和主动语态。

需要注意的是，被动语态强调动作的承受者，而主动语态强调动作的执行者。

三、冠词的使用冠词的使用是英语语法中的一个易错点。

冠词分为定冠词和不定冠词。

定冠词the用于特指的名词前，而不定冠词a/an用于泛指的名词前。

需要注意的是，当名词前有形容词修饰时，冠词的使用要根据名词的首字母音素来决定。

例如，anhour（以元音音素/h/开头的词）；a university（以辅音音素/j/开头的词）。

四、代词的使用代词的使用也是一个易错点。

特别是在人称代词和物主代词的使用上，很容易混淆。

人称代词包括主格和宾格，主格用作主语，宾格用作宾语。

物主代词用来表示所属关系。

需要注意的是，当物主代词和名词同时出现时，物主代词要放在名词的前面。

五、倒装句倒装句是英语语法中的一个重点。

主要有完全倒装和部分倒装两种形式。

完全倒装是将助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，部分倒装是将助动词或情态动词放在句首。

倒装句常用于表示强调、条件、习惯等情况。

总结：以上所述是英语语法中的一些易错点和重点。

在学习英语语法时，我们应该认真分析这些问题，并通过大量的练习来加以巩固和提高。

语法重难点解析一、介词的使用介词是英语语法中的重要部分，它们用于表示时间、地点、原因、方式等等。

在使用介词时，需要特别注意以下几个重难点：1. 介词的搭配有些介词只能与特定的词语或短语搭配使用，例如：- agree with：同意某人的观点- rely on：依靠某人或某物- interested in：对某事感兴趣- capable of：有能力做某事要注意掌握这些固定的介词搭配，避免使用错误的组合。

2. 介词的用法区别有些介词在不同的情境下会有不同的用法，例如：- at/in/on：这三个介词都表示时间，但使用的场景不同。

at用于具体的时间点，如at 8 o'clock；in用于较长的时间段，如in the morning；on用于特定的日期，在星期几时使用，如on Friday。

- for/since：这两个介词都表示时间段，但具体的使用场景不同。

for 用于表示持续的时间段，如for two hours；since用于表示起点的时间，如since 2001。

要注意这些介词的不同用法，以免造成理解上的困惑。

二、时态的使用英语的时态是词法考试中的重点难点之一，正确运用时态可以使语句更准确地表达。

以下是一些常见的时态使用问题：1. 一般现在时一般现在时用于表示客观事实、习惯性动作或普遍真理。

例如：- The sun rises in the east.（太阳从东方升起。

）- I usually go to work by bus.（我通常乘公交车上班。

）需要注意的是，一般现在时中第三人称单数动词要加-s或-es结尾。

2. 一般过去时一般过去时用于表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。

例如：- I watched a movie last night.（昨晚我看了一部电影。

）在一般过去时中，动词的过去式形式是需要掌握的重点。

3. 现在进行时现在进行时用于表示现阶段正在进行的动作。

例如：- She is studying English at the moment.（她现在正在学习英语。

语法专题（附参考答案）专题一冠词I、重点难点解析冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义历年高考试题对冠词的考查涉及到冠词的位置、不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词及固定搭配中的冠词等各个方面。

下面我们以表格的形式对前四个方面进行总结，1. 冠词的位置2.不定冠词3. 定冠词4. 零冠词5. 英语中含有冠词的词组辩析英语中有不少词组，从形式看好象只有冠词之差，而实际上却是意义完全不同的新词组。

1. in front of 在……（外）的前面; in the front of 在……（内）的前面There’s a garden in front of the classroom.There’s a blackboard in the front of the classroom.2. in charge of 掌管；负责; in the charge of 在……负责之下An experienced worker is in charge of the project.The project is in the charge of an experienced worker.3. at table 在用饭；吃饭时; at the table 在桌旁He seldom talks at table.They sat at the table, talking and laughing.4. by day 白天；日间; by the day 按日计He works in an office by day.Cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day.5. take place 发生；举行; take the place 代替；接替When did this conversation take place?Electric train has now taken the place of steam trains in England.6. in words 用言语; in a word 总之Please express your thought in words.In a word, I don’t trust you.7. at times 有时；不时; at a time 一次I do feel a little nervous at times.Pass me the bricks two at a time.8. little 少；不多的; a little 一些；一点点Hurry up, there’s little time left.Don’t hurry, you still have a littl e time.9. few 很少；几乎没有的; a few 有些；几个He is a man of few words.Only a few of the children can read.most interesting 非常有趣的; the most interesting 最有趣的（形容词的最高级）This is a most interesting story.This is the most interesting story of the three.doctor and nurse 一位医生兼护士; a doctor and a nurse 一位医生和一位护士A doctor and nurse is standing there.A doctor and a nurse are standing there.number of 许多；好些; the number of …（的）数目A number of students are in the classroom.The number of students in the classroom is forty.II、实战演练（一）．用适当的冠词填空，不需要的划“\”., could I speak to Mr. Smith?---Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here.2. I know you don't like _______ music very much. But what do you think of _______ music in thefilm we saw yesterday?3. --- I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over ______ keyboard.--- You shouldn't put drinks near ________ computer.4. Of all _______ reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father's advice was_______ most important one.5. According to _________World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities toprevent _________ spread of AIDS.6.. For him ____ stage is just ___ means of making a living.7. I think it really _______ honor for me to speak here..8. This lab used to be in _______ charge of Mr. Wang.9 I know there is ______ Mr. Smith next door, who has gone on ________ business.10 He devotes most of his time to _______ football. And I am sure he promises ________ excellentfootballer.11 Don’t lose heart. Please have ______ second try.12 Those who are rich should help ______ poor.13 When stealing the thief was caught by ______ arm by a policeman.14 In some factories workers get paid by ______ piece.15 It is a bad habit to go to work without ______ breakfast.16 John is _______ university student from ______ European country.17 Teachers play _______ active and important part in building up students’ character.18 _______ Zhangs live on the second floor.19 Cotton is grown in _______ north of China.20 It is known to us all that _______ light travels faster than _______ sound.21 A tower is seen in _______ distance.22In case of fire please press _______ red button.23 Shenzhen has ________ population of more than 10 million.24_______ days I spent with Catherine in Beijing were so wonderful.25A bullet hit the solider and he was wounded in ______ leg.26He loved writing and his first novel was ______ great success when it came out.27 My brother was born in _______ spring of 1990.28 Mr. Smith is ______ most learned scholar and you can turn to him for help.29 How sweetly she sings! I have never heard _______ better voice.30 Beijing is ______ second largest city in China.31 My trip to Tibet was really ________ unforgettable experience.32 This watch is _______ 18th century watch, which has been passed down from my great grandpa.（二）语法填空在括号中填入适当的冠词There once was a king who offered 1 prize to 2 artist who would paint 3 best picture of peace. Many artist tried. The king looked at all 4 pictures. But there were only two he really liked, and he had to choose between them.One picture was of a calm lake. The lake was a perfect mirror for peaceful high mountains all around it. Overhead wasa blue sky with fluffy white clouds. All who saw this picture thought it was 5 perfect picture of peace.The other picture had mountains, too. But these were rugged and bare. Above was 6 angry sky, from which rain fell and in which lightning played. Down 7 side of the mountain tumbled(翻腾) a foaming(水泡) waterfall. This did not look peaceful at all.But when the king looked closely, he saw behind 8 waterfall a tiny bush growing in a crack in the rock. In the bush 9 mother bird had built her nest. There, in the midst of the rush of angry water, sat the mother bird on her nest-in perfect peace.The king chose 10 second picture.答案：I 1 a 2 /; the 3 the; a 4. the; the 5 the; the 6 the; a 7 an 8 the 9 a; / 10 /; an11 a 12 the 13 the 14 the 15 the 16 a; a 17 an 18 The 19 the 20 /; / 21 the 22the 23 a 24The 25 the 26a 27the 28a 29a 30 the 31 an 32 anII 1 a 2 the 3 the 4. the 5 a 6 an 7 the 8 the 9 a 10. the专题二名词I、重点难点解析名词的高考命题导向名词的“可数”与“不可数”是高考命题的热点之一。