英语选修6第4单元Reading

Reading 1THE EARTH IS BECOMING WARMER —BUT DOES IT MA TTER?www.2abc8.coDuring the 20th century the temperature of the earth rose about one degree Fahrenheit. That probably does not seem much to you or me, but it is a rapid increase when compared to other natural changes. So how has this come about and does it matter? Earth Care's Sophie Armstrong explores these questions.There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer (see Graph 1) and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earth's temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy. Some byproducts of this process are called "greenhouse" gases, the most important one of which is carbon dioxide. Dr Janice Foster explains: "There is a natural phenomenon that scientists call the 'greenhouse effect'. This is when small amounts of gases in the atmosphere, like carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour, trap heat from the sun and therefore warm the earth. Without the "greenhouse effect', the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius cooler than it is. So, we need those gases. The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up."www.2abc8.coWe know that the levels of carbon dioxide have increased greatly over the last 100 to 150 years. It was a scientist called Charles Keeling, who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997. He found that between these years the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere went up from around 315 parts to around 370 parts per million (see Graph 2).All scientists accept this data. They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide. So how high will the temperature increase go? Dr Janice Foster says that over the next 100 years the amount of warming could be as low as 1 to 1,5 degrees Celsius, but it could be as high as 5 degrees.However, the attitude of scientists towards this rise is completely different. On the one hand, Dr Foster thinks that the trend which increases the temperature by 5 degrees would be a catastrophe. She says, "We can't predict the climate well enough to know what to expect, but it could be very serious." Others who agree with her think there may be a rise of several metres in the sea level, or predict severe storms, floods, droughts, famines, the spread of diseases and the disappearance of species. On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are opposed to this view, believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air. They predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequences. In fact, Hambley states, "More carbon dioxide is actually a positive thing. It will make plants grow quicker; crops will produce more; it will encourage a greater range of animals — all of which willmake life for human beings better."www.2abc8.coGreenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere. Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries. No one knows the effects of global warming. Does that mean we should do nothing? Or, are the risks too great?第四单元全球在变暖www.2abc8.co全球在变暖一一这会带来什么影响吗?在20世纪期间,地球温度大约升了华氏1度。

在20世纪期间，地球温度大约升了华氏1度。

这个数值对你我来说很可能是无所谓的，但是，跟多数自然变化相比较而言，这却是种快速的增长。

这种温度的增长是怎么产生的呢？“关爱地球”组织的索菲·阿姆斯特朗就在探究这些问题。

毫无疑问，地球是在变暖。

但是全球变暖的原因是人为的呢，或者仅仅是一种自然现象呢？对于这个问题存在着激烈的争辩。

许多科学家认为，人们为了生产能量而燃烧化石燃料（如煤、天然气和石油等），从而引起了地球温度的升高。

这个升温过程的副产品就叫做“温室”气体，其中最重要的就是二氧化碳。

贾尼丝·福斯特博士解释说：“你知道，有一种科学称之为…温室效应‟的自然现象。

这种现象发生在大气层中少量的气体（如二氧化碳、甲烷、水蒸气等）吸收太阳的热量，因而，使地球变暖。

如果没有这种…温室效应‟，地球的温度将比现在的温度还要低33摄氏度左右。

因此，我们需要这些气体。

而当我们因为燃烧化石燃料而使大气层中增加了大量额外的二氧化碳时，问题就来了。

二氧化碳含量的增加意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中，从而引起了全球温度上升。

我们知道，在过去100~150年期间，二氧化碳的含量急剧增加了。

有一位名叫查尔斯·奎林的科学家曾经把1957~1997年期间大气层中二氧化碳的含量做了精确的统计。

他发现，在这些年里，大气层中的二氧化碳含量从百万分之三百一十五上升到百万分之三百七十。

所有科学家都接受这个数据。

他们还认为，正是由于燃烧的化石燃料越来越多而导致了二氧化碳的增加。

然而，科学家们在对待这个问题的态度上却是大不相同的。

贾尼丝·福斯特博士说，在今后的100年里，全球变暖的量可能低到1~1.5摄氏度，但是也有可能高达5摄氏度。

有多么糟糕呢？有人认为，全球变暖会导致海平面上升好几米；也有人预言会出现严重的风暴、干旱、饥荒、疫病和物种的绝灭。

在另一方面，还有一些人，像科学家乔治·汉布利，他认为我们不必担心空气中会有高含量的二氧化碳。

2019年人教高考英语一轮练习题：选修6U4含答案一、阅读理解。

Despite being used by 1.34 billion people each year，traveling on the Tube in London can actually be quite lonely.One citizen，however，is trying to change this.“You get on the Tube and it’s completely silent and it’s weird，”says Jonathan Dunne，who has started a worldwide dialogue after giving out badges(徽章) with the words “Tube chat？” last month，encouraging passengers in London to get talking to one another.“I handed out 500 badges during rush hour in a city of 8 million，expecting most of them to be thrown away，but after about 24 hours it completely snowballed，”he says.Dunne and his “Tube chat”campaign have since been reported by media across the world，seeing TV interviews in Sweden, Brazil and the U．K.，as well as countless website，newspaper and magazine appearances.Although Dunne says he’s received mostly positive feedback，not everyone agrees with his idea.Londoner Brian Wilson responded with a campaign of his own，handing out 500 badges with the words “Don’t even think about it”on them. Michael Robinson，24，a student from London，agrees.“Being on the Tube is the only peace and quiet some people get on their journeys to and from work.It doesn’t need to be spoiled by people coming up and chatting to you，”he says.“People assume that I just walk up and talk to strangers, which I don’t，but it’s been a great way to meet people you would never have normally spoken to，”Dunne says.So if you ever end up using public transport in the West, why not say hello to the person next to you？Just make sure to check for a badge first.【解题导语】每年乘坐伦敦地铁的乘客众多，可是人们仍然感到孤独；为此Jonathan Dunne发起了一个旨在鼓励乘客相互交谈的运动，此举引起了世界媒体的关注。

2022英语赢在微点选修6第4单元答案1、--Why are you late for school today?--I’m sorry. I didn’t catch the early bus and I had to _______ the next one. [单选题] *A. wait for(正确答案)B. ask forC. care forD. stand for2、15．The restaurant ________ many complaints because of the terrible service since last month. [单选题] *A．receivesB．is receivingC．has received(正确答案)D．will receive3、His mother’s _______ was a great blow to him. [单选题] *A. diedB. deadC. death(正确答案)D. die4、The storybook is very ______. I’m very ______ in reading it. （）[单选题] *A. interesting; interested(正确答案)B. interested; interestingC. interested; interestedD. interesting; interesting5、—Why do you call him Mr. Know?—______ he knows almost everything that we want to know.（）[单选题] *A. SoB. OrC. ButD. Because(正确答案)6、There _______ no water or milk in the fridge. [单选题] *A. is(正确答案)B. areC. hasD. have7、8．Turn right ________ Danba Road and walk ________ the road, then you will findMeilong Middle school. [单选题] *A．in...alongB．into...along (正确答案)C．in...onD．into...on8、He didn't allow _____ in his room. Actually he didn't allow his family _____ at all. [单选题] *A. to smoke; to smokeB. smoking; to smoke(正确答案)C. to smoke; smokingD. smoking; smoking9、Now he is _______ his homework. [单选题] *A. busyB. busy with(正确答案)C. busy with doingD. busy does10、Finally,I have _____ interesting to share with you,and I am sure you will be interested in it. [单选题] *A. everythingB. something(正确答案)C. nothingD. anything11、How _______ Grace grows! She’s almost as tall as her mother now. [单选题] *A. cuteB. strongC. fast(正确答案)D. clever12、My brother usually _______ his room after school. But now he _______ soccer. [单选题] *A. cleans; playsB. cleaning; playingC. cleans; is playing(正确答案)D. cleans; is playing the13、Chinese is one of ____ most widely used languages in ____ world. [单选题] *A. a, theB. /, theC. the, the(正确答案)D. a, /14、72．I really don’t know how to thank you , but for your help, I （）my lost necklace．[单选题] *A.couldn’t have found(正确答案)B.mustn’t have foundC.couldn’t findD.wouldn’t find15、He _______ getting up early. [单选题] *A. used toB. is used to(正确答案)C. is usedD. is used for16、How beautiful the flowers are! Let’s take some _______. [单选题] *A. photos(正确答案)B. potatoesC. paintingsD. tomatoes17、We are living in an age（）many things are done by computer. [单选题] *A. thatB. whichC. whyD. when(正确答案)18、Jack would rather spend time complaining than_____the problem by himself. [单选题] *A.solve(正确答案)B.solvedC.solvesD.to solve19、_____ is not known yet. [单选题] *A. Although he is serious about itB. No matter how we will do the taskC. Whether we will go outing or not(正确答案)D. Unless they come to see us20、You have failed two tests. You’d better start working harder, ____ you won’t pass the course. [单选题] *A. andB. soC. butD. or(正确答案)21、She found her wallet（）she lost it. [单选题] *A. where(正确答案)B. whenC. in whichD.that22、40．—________ apples do we need to make fruit salad?—Let me think…We need three apples. [单选题] *A．How longB．How oftenC．How muchD．How many(正确答案)23、______ in the library. （）[单选题] *A. Don’t smokingB. No smokeC. No smoking(正确答案)D. Doesn’t smoke24、We _______ play basketball after school. [单选题] *A. were used toB. used to(正确答案)C. use toD. are used to25、The strawberries ______ fresh. Can I taste (品尝) one?（）[单选题] *A. watchB. tasteC. soundD. look(正确答案)26、This message is _______. We are all _______ at it. [单选题] *A. surprising; surprisingB. surprised; surprisedC. surprising; surprised(正确答案)D. surprised; surprising27、My sister gave me a _______ at my birthday party. [单选题] *A. parentB. peaceC. patientD. present(正确答案)28、If you pass your exams, we’ll have a party to celebrate. [单选题] *A. 宣布B. 发表C. 解放D. 庆祝(正确答案)29、Every means _____ but it's not so effective. [单选题] *A. have been triedB. has been tried(正确答案)C. have triedD. has tried30、—______ —（）[单选题] *A. How long did you stay there?B. How much did you pay for the dress?C. How many flowers did you buy?(正确答案)D. How often did you visit your grandparents?。

Reading 1THE EARTH IS BECOMING WARMER — BUT DOES IT MATTER During the 20th century the temperature of the earth rose about one degree Fahrenheit. That probably does not seem much to you or me, but it is a rapid increase when compared to other natural changes. So how has this come about and does it matter Earth Care's Sophie Armstrong explores these questions.There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer (see Graph 1) and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earth's temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy. Some byproducts of this process are called "greenhouse" gases, the most important one of which is carbon dioxide. Dr Janice Foster explains: "There is a natural phenomenon that scientists call the 'greenhouse effect'. This is when small amounts of gases in the atmosphere, like carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour, trap heat from the sun and therefore warm the earth. Without the "greenhouse effect', the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius cooler than it is. So, we need those gases. The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up." We know that the levels of carbon dioxide have increased greatly over the last 100 to 150 years. It was a scientist called Charles Keeling, who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997. He found that between these years the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere went up from around 315 parts to around 370 parts per million (see Graph 2).All scientists accept this data. They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide. So how high will the temperature increase go Dr Janice Foster says that over the next 100 years the amount of warming could be as low as 1 to 1,5 degrees Celsius, but it could be as high as 5 degrees.However, the attitude of scientists towards this rise is completely different. On the one hand, Dr Foster thinks that the trend which increases the temperature by 5 degrees would be a catastrophe. She says, "We can't predict the climate well enough to know what to expect, but it could be very serious." Others who agree with her think there may be a rise of several metres in the sea level, or predict severe storms, floods, droughts, famines, the spread of diseases and the disappearance of species. On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are opposed to this view, believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air. They predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environmentalconsequences. In fact, Hambley states, "More carbon dioxide is actually a positive thing. It will make plants grow quicker; crops will produce more; it will encourage a greater range of animals —all of which will make life for human beings better." Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere. Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries. No one knows the effects of global warming. Does that mean we should do nothing Or, are the risks too great第四单元全球在变暖全球在变暖一一这会带来什么影响吗在20世纪期间,地球温度大约升了华氏1度。

Unit 4 Global warming单元综合测评(时间:100分钟分值:120分)选择题部分Ⅰ.阅读理解(共两节,满分35分)第一节(共10小题;每小题2.5分,满分25分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

AThe number of buses, taxis and other vehicles on Kenya’s roads is growing every day. Now, the country’s first electric-powered motorbikes are coming into the market. The bike is designed to cut down on pollution and aimed at low-income communities. Most motorbikes used in Kenya depend on gasoline as fuel, but not this new motorbike.Three university students developed the new ecotype bike. It catches the sun’s energy, stores it in batteries and uses it to charge the electric motor. Robert Achoge is one of the student inventors. “Our hope is that by th e fifth year, we will be able to cover the whole of Kenya with the electric motorcycle so as to conserve the environment and provide affordable transport.”The students have set up a charging station for the motorbikes in Nairobi. Riders can plug the bikes into any electrical outlet. The small battery can run for 70 kilometres when fully charged. Once the power is used up, the motorbike has to return to the station while another charged battery is connected to the bike. The US African Development Foundation (USADF) is providing finance for two solar-powered charging stations in the Kenyan port of Kisumu.Each ecotype bike costs about $700. One taxi operator says the new motorbike costs less to operate than that running on traditional gasoline. “When it comes to buying gasoline, there’s no need. It’s basically good for various things. As long as you won’t take quite a heavy load(装载量), you can go with it anywhere. Otherwise, it may break down halfway. But now people still have a preference to the gas-powered bi kes.”A Nairobi dealership is selling the ecotype bikes. Businessman Kennedy Kusimba hopes they will become popular. We also know they are more reliable compared to the gas-powered bikes.1.What do we know about the ecotype bike?A.It was developed by the USADF.B.Its energy comes from the sunlight.C.It can charge itself while running.D.It does more harm to the environment.2.What do people think of the ecotype bike?A.It’s better not to use it to carry too much.B.It is a good choice for the long-distance journey.C.It will take the place of gas-powered bikes soon.D.It is much more expensive than a traditional motorbike.3.Where does the text probably come from?A.A research plan.B.An advertisement.C.A government report.D.A science magazine.BSeveral years ago, the mayor of Chicago, Illinois, visited Germany, a leader in green roof design. Former Mayor Richard Daley later decided to have vegetation planted on Chicago City Hall. Today, the tops of many other buildings also look like parks. In Canada, the Coast Plaza Hotel in Vancouver has a forest on its roof. New York City has an unusual demonstration farm for hydroponics(水培).The farm is on a boat called the Science Barge. Rainwater and purified river water are used to grow lettuces, tomatoes, cucumbers and peppers. The farm shows the possibilities for designing rooftop systems.Green roofs are designed to save energy and capture rainwater. Rooftops covered with plants help keep buildings cool. They can extend the life of a roof. And they can reduce water running off into streets and storming water systems.Experts say green roofs usually do not get much above twenty-seven degrees Celsius. So temperatures might not be a problem for growing. But rooftop gardeners have to be careful not to put too much weight on the roof. This is true whether plants are grown in soil or water.Earlier in 2008, researchers in Texas reported that green roofs can reduce a building’s air conditioning costs by about one fifth compared to blacktop roofs. But they also reported that not all green roofs perform equally well. They found that designs differ in their ability to keep buildings cool and to capture rainwater. The researchers put experimental roofs on top of metal insulated boxes, to recreate green roof conditions. The study compared products from six companies to help businesses understand how to improve their designs. Each rooftop had sixteen different kinds of plants native to Texas. The researchers said the presence of native plants likely helped all the green roofs capture water better compared to sedums. Sedums are plants that need little water and often are used on green roofs. The native plants could take in more water and release more of it to the atmosphere.4.The author writes Paragraph 1 to .A. tell us what is the green roof designB. tell us Germany is the country that leads or guides the green roof designC. introduce some famous hotels in the worldD. lead to the topic of the passage5.The underlined word “storming” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “”.A. attackingB.controllingC.attractingD.managing6.According to the passage, which conclusion is WRONG?A. Sometimes green roofs may break down the house.B. Not all the green roofs can reduce the building’s air conditioning costs equally.C. Different designs of green roofs have different effects on buildings.D. Sedums are a kind of plants native to Texas.CThe Antarctic’s ice-white environment is going green and facing other unexpected threats. Scientists say that as temperatures go up in the polar region, invading (入侵) plants and insects, including the flies, cause a major threat.More and more of these invaders, in the form of larvae (幼虫) or seeds, are surviving in coastal areas around the South Pole, where the temperature has risen by more than 3℃over the past three decades. Glaciers have retreated, exposing more land which has been occupied by mosses that have been found to be growing more quickly and thickly than ever before—providing potential green homes for invaders.“The common house flies are a perfect example of the problem the Antarctic now faces from invading species,” said Dominic Hodgson of the British Antarctic Survey. “It comes in on ships, where it exists in kitchens and then at bases on the continent. It now has an increasing chance of surviving in the Antarctic as it warms up, and that is a worry. Insects like the house flies carry bacteria that could have a deadly effect on native life forms.”The Antarctic has several native species of insects. Together with its native mosses, these are now coming under the increased threat from three major sources: visiting scientists, increasing numbers of tourists and global warming. However, it is global warming that is the main driver of the greening of the Antarctic.In 2015, more than 38,000 tourists visited the Antarctic. “These tourists are often very careful about not leaving waste or having mud. But they could carry seeds or larvae on their boots when they set foot on the Antarctic,” said Hodgson.More and more invasive insects and plants have been found on the Antarctic and have required removal. “The insects and plants that are native to the Antarctic have survived there for thousands of years,” said Hodgson. “We have got to act now if we want to save the environment.”7.What does the underlined word “mosses” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. A kind of plants.B. House flies.C. Coastal areas.D. A kind of animals.8.What is the main cause of the Antarctic going green?A. Scientists’ coming.B. Global warming.C. A growing number of visitors.D. The rapid spread of native planting.9.What do we know about the house flies in the Antarctic?A. They are native to the Antarctic.B. They will disappear due to the cold climate.C. They seriously affected the Antarctic native species.D. They directly fly to the Antarctic from nearby islands.10.What’s the best title for the text?A. The Antarctic is faced with various threatsB. The Antarctic is becoming green and energeticC. More and more scientists get to explore the AntarcticD. Global warming has caused the temperature in the Antarctic to rise up第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

Unit 4 Global warming学情分析：教材分析本单元以Global warming 为主线，旨在通过单元教学使学生经过思考、学习，认识到全球变暖的起因和它所带来的种种后果。

同时鼓励学生进一步阐述地球所面临的其它严重问题，激发学生的环保意识。

引导学生运用所学语言、句式表达自己对这些现象的看法，培养他们为自己的观点辩论的能力，并能运用所学知识写一篇有关环境问题的论文。

教案一Warming Up, Pre-reading and ComprehendingTeaching goals1.Enable the students to talk about different sources of energy and express their own ideas about the use of energy.2. Enable the students to talk about the causes and effects of global warming.Step1.Warming upT: As we all know, we depend on energy to do many things in our daily life. Some people even say we could do nothing without energy. Do you aggree with me ?Then where does all the energy come from? Open your books and turn to page 25. Look at the pictures on this page. They may help you find out the answers.Step 2. Pre-readingLook at the picture of greenhouse on page25.What is it in the picture?☆Discuss the pre-reading part 1and 2.(Greenhouse gases: In the atmosphere surrounding the earth there are gases, which are called“greenhouse gases”, including carbon dioxide, methane and water vapor.)☆Then what do you think greenhouse gases do?(They trap heat from the sun and therefore warm the earth.)☆One of the effects is more and more carbon dioxide is being produced, which in turn increases thespeed of global warming. Does it matter? What’re your opinions? Next we’ll read an article “THEEARTH IS BECOMING W ARMER —BUT DOES IT MATTER?”Step3. Comprehending☆Look at the title can you guess the main topic of the article(Global warming/ the warming of the earth)Skimming:☆Read the passage quicklyHow many paragraphs does the reading text consist of? Please number them.According to the main idea of each part, match them in a right order.Part1 (1) Two different attitudes among scientists towards global warming.Part2 (2-5) How global warming comes about.Part3 (6) Introduce a discussion about global warming.Part4 (7) Leave us a question whether people should do something about global warming or not. ☆Can you match the logic order with each part? (Keys: BADC)A. Giving examples,using graphs, explanationB. Raising a questionC. Leaving a questionD Giving examples, making contrast☆Scanning: Finish the exercises 1(1,2) and 2(True or false)教案二Language points1. So how has this come about and does it matter?Can you tell me how the accident came about?With the use of electricity, great changes have come about.总结：come about发生, 造成, 相当于happen/take place/ occur to是不及物短语。