2017年12月英语六级真题(第二套)

2017年12月六级真题2Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), D) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) Say a few words to thank the speaker.B) Introduce the speaker to the audience.C) Give a lecture on the history of the town.D) Host a talk on how to give a good speech.2. A) He was the founder of the local history society.B) He has worked with Miss Bligh for 20 years.C) He has published a book on public speaking.D) He joined the local history society when young.3. A) She was obviously better at talking than writing.B) She had a good knowledge of the town's history.C) Her speech was so funny as to amuse the audience.D) Her ancestors came to the town in the 18th century.4. A) He read exactly what was written in his notes.B) He kept forgetting what he was going to say.C) He made an embarrassing remark.D) He was too nervous to speak upQuestions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) What their retailers demand.B) What their rivals are doing.C) How they are going to beat their rivals.D) How dramatically the market is changing.6. A) They should be taken seriously.B) They are rapidly catching up.C) Their business strategy is quite effective.D) Their potential has been underestimated.7. A) She had given it to Tom.B) It simply made her go frantic.C) She had not seen it yet.D) It was not much of a big concern.8. A) Restructuring the whole company.B) Employing more forwarding agents.C) Promoting cooperation with Jayal Motors.D) Exporting their motorbikes to IndonesiaSection BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) It makes claims in conflict with the existing research.B) It focuses on the link between bedtime and nutrition.C) It cautions against the overuse of coffee and alcohol.D) It shows that "night owls" work much less efficiently.10. A) They pay greater attention to food choice.B) They tend to achieve less than their peers.C) They run a higher risk of gaining weight.D) They stand a greater chance to fall sick.11. A) Get up late.B) Sleep 8 hours a day.C) Exercise more.D) Go to bed earlierQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) All of the acting nominees are white.B) It has got too much publicity on TV.C) It is prejudiced against foreign films.D) Only 7% of the nominees are female.13. A) 22 percent of movie directors were people of color.B) Half of the TV programs were ethnically balanced.C) Only one-fifth of TV shows had black characters.D) Only 3.4 percent of film directors were women.14. A) Non-white males.B) Program creators.C) Females of color over 40.D) Asian speaking characters.15. A) They constitute 17% of Hollywood movie characters.B) They are most underrepresented across TV and film.C) They contribute little to the U. S. film industry.D) They account for 8.5% of the U. S. populationSection CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) One that can provide for emergency needs.B) One that can pay for their medical expenses.C) One that covers their debts and burial expenses.D) One that ensures a healthy life for their later years.17. A) Purchase insurance for their children.B) Save sufficient money for a rainy day.C) Buy a home with a small down payment.D) Add more insurance on the breadwinner.18. A) When their children grow up and leave home.B) When they have saved enough for retirement.C) When their family move to a different place.D) When they have found better-paying jobs.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) They do more harm than good.B) They have often been ignored.C) They do not help build friendship.D) They may not always be negative.20. A) Biased sources of information.B) Ignorance of cultural differences.C) Misinterpretation of Shakespeare.D) Tendency to jump to conclusions.21. A) They are hard to dismiss once attached to a certain group.B) They may have a negative impact on people they apply to.C) They persist even when circumstances have changed.D) They are often applied to minorities and ethnic people.22. A) They impact people more or less in the same way.B) Some people are more sensitive to them than others.C) A positive stereotype may help one achieve better results.D) A negative stereotype sticks while a positive one does not Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23. A) Use some over-the-counter medicine instead.B) Quit taking the medicine immediately.C) Take some drug to relieve the side effect.D) Ask your pharmacist to explain why it occurs.24. A) It may help patients fall asleep.B) It may lead to mental problems.C) It may cause serious harm to one's liver.D) It may increase the effect of certain drugs.25. A) Tell their children to treat medicines with respect.B) Keep medicines out of the reach of their children.C) Make sure their children use quality medicines.D) Ask their children to use legitimate medicines.答案：1. A) Say a few words to thank the speaker.2. D) He joined the local history society when young.3. B) She had a good knowledge of the town's history.4. C) He made an embarrassing remark.5. B) What their rivals are doing.6. A) They should be taken seriously.7. C) She had not seen it yet.8. D) Exporting their motorbikes to Indonesia.9. B) It focuses on the link between bedtime and nutrition.10. C) They run a higher risk of gaining weight.11. D) Go to bed earlier.12. A) All of the acting nominees are white.13. D) Only 3.4 percent of film directors were women.14. C) Females of color over 40.15. B) They are most underrepresented across TV and film.16. C) One that covers their debts and burial expenses.17. D) Add more insurance on the breadwinner.18. A) When their children grow up and leave home.19. D) They may not always be negative.20. A) Biased sources of information.21. B) They may have a negative impact on people they apply to.22. C) A positive stereotype may help one achieve better results.23. B) Quit taking the medicine immediately.24. D) It may increase the effect of certain drugs.25. A) Tell their children to treat medicines with respect.。

2017年12月英语六级考试真题答案（第二套）Part I Writing范文"Seek to understand others,and you will be understood"The enlightenment of this saying is not lost in our era but unwilling to understand others seems prevalent. The implication of this message is that people can understand each other as long as they try to do this first;there are,in fact,many who get understood by others because they manage to understand others first.There are several factors to be taken into account when we agree on“seek to understand others,and will be understood”:One reason is that trying to understand others can show your kindness to others.Other people would be thankful,so it is easier for them to accept your ideas.On the other hand,it will let you think what other people think so that you can get to know them better.Therefore,your ideas would have a greater chance to be understood.When we seek to understand others,we elevate the goodwill and team-work spirit.There is a stimulative effect that kicks in when people share this spirit.By seeking to understand others,we boost opportunity for fulfilling understanding between each other.Part II Listening ComprehensionSection ALong Conversation11.【答案】C.They facilitate the donation of unsold food to the needy.2.【答案】B.It passed a law aiming to stop overproduction.3.【答案】D.It has banned supermarkets from dumping edible food.4.【答案】A.the confusion over food expiration labels.Long Conversation25.【答案】B.It has just launched its annual anniversary sales.6.【答案】D.Price adjustment within seven days of purchase.7.【答案】C.Credit it to her account.8.【答案】plimentary tailoring.Section BPassage19.【答案】A.They are thin,tall,and unlike real human beings.10.【答案】D.Their body shapes have not changed much.11.【答案】C.On the Internet.Passage212.【答案】A.Moveable metal type began to be used in printing.13.【答案】B.It was the biggest printer in the16th century.14.【答案】B.It boosted the circulation of popular works.15.【答案】D.It promoted the growth of national languages.Section CRecording116.【答案】D)They choose a job without thinking it through.17.【答案】B)Find out what job choices are available.18.【答案】A)The qualifications you have.Recording219.【答案】B)It is a cultural festival founded for African-Americans.20.【答案】C)To help African-Americans to realize their goals.21.【答案】B)The first fruits of the harvest.22.【答案】A)They recite a principle.Recording323.【答案】A)It is one of the world’s most healthy diets.24.【答案】C)It is regarded as one of the greatest researchers of its kind.25.【答案】D)They have lower mortality rates.Part III Reading ComprehensionSection A26.i)permitThe new marine reserve,now the largest in the Pacific,will no fishing or mining.该空考察will之后的动词原形，因此，结合上下句语境，不难得出该空为permit(允许零捕鱼区);27.o)territoryThe tiny island nation has set aside500,000square kilometers-80percent-of its maritime.该空考察maritime后的搭配，考虑到形容词后的搭配，不难得出该空考察maritime后的名词为territory(小岛领土);28.f）exclusiveThat’s the highest percentage of an economic zone devoted to marine conservation by any country in the world.该空考察不定冠词an后的搭配，同时考虑空后的economic，可以得出exclusive(专属经济区);29.c)commercialby individuals and small-scale fishing businesses with limited exports该空考察individuals及small-scale后的搭配，根据上下文语境可以得出，该空答案为commercial(商业捕鱼区);30.d)communitiesIsland have been among the hardest hit by the threats facing the ocean.此处考察从句的主语部分，考虑前后文，可以得出“Island communities”(小岛社区);31.e）essentialThe people of Palau recognise as to our survival.Recognise as后接该空出所问的“这个大胆的一步”所处的地位，“essential”一词为正确答案(Palau地区居民认为的必需品);32.g)independentPalau has only been an nation for twenty years and has a strong history of environmental protection.此处考察搭配“an independent nation”(独立的国家)，故根据前后搭配，答案很容易得出;33.m)sponsorSenator Hokkons Baules,lead of the Palau National Marine Sanctuary Act,said....该提出现在句中的同位语处，因此，考虑到这个人的身份，不难得出答案为sponsor(主要赞助商);34.j)secureHelp build a future...该空考察搭配，“帮助建立...的未来”，因此，“安全的未来”符合语境，故选secure;35.n)stocksCall a temporary stop to fishing for key species in order to give fish an opportunity to replenish.此处考察搭配fish后的搭配，因此，“给...一个补充的机会”，因此，该空答案为fish stocks(鱼类);section B36M)Astronomer David Hogg doesn't think scooping is as serious a problem as generally thought.37.G)some researchers are hesitant to make their dada public for fear that others might publish something similar before them.38.D)some psychology journals have offered incentives to encourage authors to hare their data.39.A)there is a growing demand in the sience community that research data be open the public.40.P)sharing data offers early-career resarchers the chance to build a certain level of reputation.41.C)Data sharing enables scientists to publish each step of their research work. thus leading to more citations.42.B)scientists hold different opinions about the extent and timing of data sharing.43.O)Potential problems related to data sharing should be made known to and discussed by all participants at the beginning of a joint research project.44.F)sharing data and handling data-reated issues can be time-consuming45.F)junior researc hers may have no say when it comes to sharing data.Section c46.A47.D48.B49.A50.B51.D52.B53.B54.A55.APart IV TranslationDongting lake is a large,shallow lake in northeastern hunan province,china.it is a flood basin of the yangtze River.Hence the lake's size depends on the season.the provinces of hubei and hunan are named after their location relative to the lake:Hubei means"north of the lake and Hunan means"south of the lake.dongting lake enjoys a good reputation in chinese culture as the place of origin of dragon boat racing.dragon boat racing is said to have begun on the eastern shores of Dongtinglake as a search for the body of Qu Yuan,the Chu patriotic poet.Dragon Boat racing and the beauty of Dongting Lake and the surrounding area attract thousands of tourists at home and abroad each year.。

【总分：710分】一、英语六级作文15% =106.5分在这部分你要达到63.9分为及格。

二、听力部分 35%=248.5分1、长对话 8% 8个题目每小题7.1分。

2、听力篇章 7% 共7小题，每小题7.1分。

3、讲话、报道、讲座 20% 共10个小题，每小题14.2分。

三、阅读理解 35% =248.5分1、选词填空 5% 10个题，每小题3.55分2、长篇阅读 10% 10个题，每小题7.1分。

3、仔细阅读 20% 共2篇，一篇5个题，每小题14.2分。

四、翻译部分汉译英 15% =106.5分段落翻译答题时间30分钟，106.5分。

2017年12月英语六级考试真题及答案（第二套）Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Seek to understand others,and you will be understood " you can cite examples to ilustrate your views. you should write at least 150 words but no more than 200。

Part II Listening comprehension(30miutes)Section a Directions: in this section, you will hear two long conversations at the end of each comversation you will hear four questions. both the comversation and the questions will be spoken only once. afier you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a, b) cand d). then mark the corresponding letter on answer Sheet i with a single line through the centre.Questions1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard1.a)they reward businesses that eliminate food wastb)they prohibit the sale of foods that have gone stalec) they facilitate the donation of unsold foods to the needyd) they forbid businesses to produce more foods than needed2. a)it imposed penalties on businesses that waste foodb)it passed a law aiming to stop overproductionC)it voted gainst food import from outside europed) it prohibited the promotion of bulk food sales.3. a) it has warmed its people against possible food shortage.b) it has penalized businesses that keep overproducing foodsc)it has started a nationwide campaign against food waste.d) it has banned supermarkets from dumping edible foods.4 . a)the confusion over food expiration labels.b)the surplus resulting from overproductionc)americans' habit of buying food in bulkd)a lack of regulation on food consumptionQuestions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. a) it has started a week-long promotion campaign.b)it has just launched its annual anniversary salesc) it offers regular weekend sales all the year roundd)it specializes in the sale of ladies designer dresses6. a)price reductions for its frequent customers.b)coupons for customers with bulk purchases.c)free delivery of purchases for senior customers.d) price adjustments within seven days of purchase.7. a)mail a gift card to her.b) allow her to buy on credic) credit it to her accountd) give her some coupons.8. a) refunding for goods returnedb) free installing of appliances.c)prolonged goods warranty.d)complimentary tailoringSection bDirections: in this section, you will hear two passages. at the end of each passage, you will hear Iree or four questions. both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a, b, cand d). then mark the corresponding letter on answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard9. a)they are thin, tall, and unlike real human beings.b)they have more than twenty different hair texturesc)they have twenty-four different body shapes in totald)they represent people from virtually all walks of life.10. a)they do not reflect young girls aspirationsb)they are not sold together with the originalc) their flat feet do not appeal to adolescentsd) their body shapes have not changed much11. a)in toy storesb) in shopping malls.c)on the internetd)at barbie shops12. a )moveable metal type began to be used in printingb) chinese printing technology was first introducec)the earliest known book was publishedd) metal type was imported from korea13. a) it had more than a hundred printing presses.b)it was the biggest printer in the 16th century.c) it helped the german people become literate.d) it produced some 20 million volumes in total14. a)it pushed handwritten books out of circulation.b)it boosted the circulation of popular works.c)it made writing a very profitable career.d) it provided readers with more choices.15. a) it accelerated the extinction of the latin language.b) it standardized the publication of grammar books.c) turned translation into a welcome profession.d) it promoted the growth of national languagesSection cDirections: in this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. the recordings will be played only once. after you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a, b, c and d)Then mark the corresponding letter on answer sheet 1 with a single line through centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. a) they get bored after working for a period of time.b) they spend an average of one year finding a job.c)they become stuck in the same job for decades.d) they choose a job without thinking it through.17. a)see if there will be chances for promotion.b)find out what job choices are available.c)watch a film about ways of job hunting.d) decide which job is most attractive to you.18. a)the qualifications you have.b)the pay you are going to get.c)the culture of your target company.d) the work environment you will be in.19. a) it is as important as christmas for african-americans.b) it is a cultural festival founded for african-americans.c) it is an ancient festival celebrated by african-americans.d) it is a religious festival celebrated by african-americans20. a)to urge african-americans to do more for society.b) to call on african-americans to worship their godsc) to help african-americans to realize their goals.d) to remind african-americans of their sufferings.21. a)faith in self-determinationb)the first fruits of the harvestc) unity and cooperative economicsd creative work and achievement.22. a)they recite a principleb)they take a solemn oathc)they drink wine from the unity cupd) they call out their ancestors' names.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard23. a) it is one of the world's most healthy diets.b) it contains large amounts of dairy products.c)it began to impact the world in recent years.d) it consists mainly of various kinds of seafood.24. a) it involved 13, 000 researchers from asia, europe and america.b) it was conducted in seven mid-eastern countries in the 1950sc) it is regarded as one of the greatest researches of its kind.d)it has drawn the attention of medical doctors the world over.25. a) they care much about their health.b) they eat foods with little fat.c)they use little oil in cookingd) they have lower mortality ratesPart III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.The pacific island nation of palau has become home to the sixth largest marineworld. the new marine reserve, now the largest in the pacific, will--26-- no fishing or mining. Palau also established the world, first shark sanctuary in 2009.The tiny island nation has set aside 500,000 square kilometres-80 percent -of its maritime --27--, for full protection, that's the highest percentage of an--28 --economic zone devoted to remaining 20 percent of the palau seas will be reserved for local fishing by individuals and small-scale-- 29-- fishing businesses with limited exports."island--30--have been among the hardest hit by the threats facing theocean, "said president.Tommy remengesau jr in a statement. "creating this sanctuary is a bold move that the people of palau recognise as 31 to our survival. we want to lead the way in restoring the health of the occan for future generationPalau has only been an_ 32 nation for twenty years and has a strong history of environmental protection. it is home to one of the world's finest marine ecosystems, with more than 1,300 species of fish and 700 species of coral.Senator hokkons baules lead33 of the palau national marine sanctuary act, said the sanctuary willhelp build a- 34future for the palauan people by honoring the conservation traditions of our past". these include the centuries-old custom of"", where leaders would call a temporary stop to fishing for key species in order to give fish 35 an opportunity to replenish(补充).a)allocate b) celebrities c)commercial d)communitiese）essential f）exclusive g)independent h) indulgei)permit j)secure k) solitary L)spectaclem)sponsor n)stocks o)temitoryData sharing: an open mind on open date[ A] It is a movement building steady momentum: a call to make research data, software code and experimental methods publicly available and transparent. a spirit of openness is gaining acceptance in the science community, and is the only way, say advocates, to address a'crisis' incience whereby too few findings are successfully reproduced. furthermore, they say, it is the best way for researchers to gather the range of observations that are necessary to speed up discoveries or to identify large-scale trends.[B] the open-data shift poses a confusing problem for junior researchers. on the one hand,the drive to share is gathering official steam. since 2013, global scientific bodies have begun to back politics that support increased public access to reseach.on the other hand,scientists disagree about how much and when they should share date,and they debate whether sharing it is more likely to accelerate science and make it more robust, or to introduce vulnerabilities and problems.as more journals and make it more robust,or to introduce vulnerabilities and problems.as more journal and funders adopt data-sharing requirements, and as a growing number of enthusiasts call for more openness, junior researchers must find their place between adopters and those who continue to hold out, even as they strive to launch their own careers.[C] one key challenge facing young scientists is how to be open without becoming scientifically vulnerable. they must determine the risk of jeopardizing a job offer or a collaboration prosal from those who are wary of-or unfamiliar with -open science. and they must learn How to capitalize on the movement's benefits such as opportunities for more citations and a way to build a reputation without the need for conventional metrics, such as publication in high-impact journals.[D]some fields have embraced open data more than others. researchers in psychology, a field rocked by findings of irreproducibility in the past few years, have been especially vocal sup-porters of the drive for more-open science.A few psychology journals have created incentives to increase interest in repar open science. a few psychology journals have created incentives porters of the drive for me lucible science -for example, by affixing an",badge to articles that clearly state where data are available. according to social psychologist brian nose executive director of the center for open science, the average data-sharing rate for the journal Psychological science, which uses the badges, increased tenfold to 38% from 2013 to 2015.[E] funders, too, are increasingly adopting an open-data policy .several strongly ergement,and some require,a date-management plan that makes data available .The us national science foundation is among these, some philanthropic (慈善的) funders, including the bill Gates foundation in seattle, washington, and the wellcome trust in london, alopen data from their grant recipients.[F]but many young researchers, especially those who have not been mentored in open science .are uncertain about whether to share or to stay private.Graduate students and postdoes,who often are working on their lab head's grant may have no choice if their supervisor or another senior opposes sharing.[G] some fear that the potential impact of sharing is too high, especially at the early stages of a career." Everybody has a scary story about someone getting scooped(被抢先),” says new York university astronomer david hogg. those fears may be a factor in a lingering hesitation to share data even when publishing in journals that mandate it.[H] researchers at small labs or at institutions focused on teaching arguably have the most to lose when sharing hard-won data. ""with my institution and teaching load, i don't have postdocs and grad students", says terry mcglynn, a tropical biologist at california state university,Dominguez hills. "the stakes are higher to share data because it's a bigger fraction of hats happening in my lab.[I] researchers also point to the time sink that is involved in preparing data for others to view.Once the data and associated materials appear in a repository(存储库 ), answering questions and handling complaints can take many hours.[J]the time investment can present other problems. in some cases, says data scientist karthik Ram, it may be difficult for junior researchers to embrace openness when senior colleagues many of whom head selection and promotion teesht ridicule what they may view as misplaced energies. "i've heard this recently -that embracing the idea of open datad code makes traditional academics uncomfortable, "says ram. "the concem seems to be that open advocates don't spend their time being as productive as possible."[ K]an open-science stance can also add complexity to a collaboration. kate ratliff, who studies social attitudes at the university of florida, gainesville, says that it can seem as if there are two camps in a field-those who care about open science and those who don't . " there a new area to navigate-'are you cool with the fact that i'll want to make the data open?'-when talking with somebody about an interesting research idea, "she says.[L] despite complications and concerns, the upsides of sharing can be significant. for example,when information is uploaded to a repository, a digital object identifier(DOI)is assigned.Scientists can use a DOT to publish each step of the research life cycle, not just the final paper. In so doing, they can potentially get three citations- one each for the data and software.in addition to the paper itself. and although some say that citations for software or data have little currency in academia,they can have other benefits.[M]many advocates think that transparent data procedures with a date and time stamp will protect scientists from being scooped. "this is the sweet spot between sharing and getting credit for it. while discouraging plagiarism(剽窃). " says ivo grigorov, a project coordinator at the naional institute of aquatic resotResearch secreta - in charlottenlund, denmark. hogg says that scooping is less of a problem than many think. "the two cases i'm familiar with didn't involve open data or code, "he says.[N]Open science also offers junior researchers the chance to level the palying field by gaining better access to crucial date. ross mounce, a postdoc studyingevolutionary biology at the university of cambrige,UK, is a vocal champion of open science, partly because his fossil others' data. he says that more openness in science could help to discourage what some perceive as a commom practice of shutting out early-career scientists' requests for data.[O]communication also helps for those who worry about jeopardizing a collaboration, he says,Concems about open should be discussed at the outset of a study. "whenever you start a project with someone, you have to establish a clear understanding of expectations for who owns the data, at what point they go public and who can do what with them, he says.[p] in the end, sharing data, software and materials with colleagues can help an early -career researcher to gain recognition--a crucial component of success. "the thing you are searching for reputation" says titus brown,a genomics(基因组学) researcher at the university of Califomia, davis,."to get grants and jobs you have to be relevant and achieve some level of public recognition. anything you do that advances your presence- especially in a largerphere, outside the communities you know- is a net win."36.astronomer david hogg doesn't think scooping is as serious a problem as generally thought.37. some researchers are hesitant to make their data public for fear that others might publish something similar before them38. some psychology joumals have offered incentives to encourage authors to share their data.39. there is a growing demand in the science community that research data be open to the public.40. sharing data offers early-career researchers the chance to build a certain level of reputation41. data sharing enables scientists to publish each step of their research work, thus leading to more citations42.scientists hold different opinions about the extent and timing of data sharing43.potential problems related to data sharing should be made known to and discussed by all participants at the beginning of a joint research project44. sharing data and handling data-related issues can be time-consuming45. junior researehers may have no say when it comes to sharing data.Section cDirections: there are 2 passages in this section. each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements for each of them there are four choices marked a, b, c)and D) You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage oneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.In the beginning of the movie, robot, a robot has to decide whom to save after two cars plunge into the water-del spooner or a child. even though spooner screams"save her save her! "the robot rescues him because it calculates that he has a 45 percent chance of survival compared to sarah's 11 percent. the robot's decision and its calculated approach raise an important question:would humans make the same choice? and which choice would we want our robotic counterparts to make?Isaac asimov evaded the whole notion of morality in devising his three laws of robotics, which hold that 1. robots cannot harm humans or allow humans to come to harm; 2. robots must obey humans, except where the order would conflict with law i; and 3. robots must act in self-preservation, unless doing so conflicts with laws i or 2. these laws are programmed into asimov's robots-they don' t have to think, judge, or value. they don't have to like humans or believe that wrong or bad. they simply don't do it.The robot who rescues spooner s life in / robot follows asimov's zeroth law: robots cannot harm humanity(as opposed to individual humansor allow humanity to come to harm--an expansion of the first law that allows robots to determine what's in the greater good. under the first law,a robot could not harm a dangerous gunman, but under the zeroth law, a robot could kill the gunman to save others.Whether it's possible to program a robot with safeguards such as asimov's laws is debatable a word such as"harm"is vague (what about emotional harm is replacing a human employ harm), and abstract concepts present coding problems. the robots in asimov's fiction expose complications and loopholes in the three laws, and even when the laws work, robots still have to assess situation.Assessing situations can be complicated. a robot has to identify the players, conditions, and possibe outcomes for various scenarios,Its doubtful that a computer program can do that-aleast, not without some undesirable results. a roboticist at the bristol robotics laboratory programmed a robot to save huroxies(5) called""from danger. when one h-boheaded for danger, the robot successfully pushed it out of the way. but when two h-bots became percent of the time, unable to decide which to save and letting them both"die. "the experiment highlights the importance of morality without it, how can a robotdecide whom to save or what's best for humanity, especially if it can't calculate survival odds?46. what question does the example in the movie raise?a) whether robots can reach better decisionsb) whether robots follow asimov's zero"d) how robots should be programmed.47. what does the author think of asimovs three laws of robotics?a) they are apparently divorced from reality.b)they did not follow the coding system of robotics.c)they laid a solid foundation for robotics.d) they did not take moral issues into consideration.48. what does the author say about asimov's robots?a they know what is good or bad for human beingsb)they are programmed not to hurt human begingsc)they perform duties in their owners'best interest.d)they stop working when a moral issue is involved.49. what does the author want to say by mentioning the word"harm"in asimov's laws?a)abstract concepts are hard to program.b) it is hard for robots to make decisionsc) robots may do harm in certain situationsd) asimov's laws use too many vague terms50. what has the roboticist at the bristol robotics laboratory found in his experiment.a）robots can be made as intelligent as human begings some dayb) robots can have moral issues encoded into their programc)robots can have trouble making decisions in complex scenarion.d)robots can be programmed to perceive potential perils.PassageTwoQuestions 5i to 55 are based on the following passage.Our world now moves so fast that we seldom stop to see just how fast we seldom stop to see just how far wu have come in just a few year.The latest iPone 6s,for example,has a dual-core proccssor and fite nicely into your pocket. by comparison, you would expect to find a technological specification like this on your tandard laptop in an office anywhere in the world.its no wonder shat new applications for the internet of things are moving ahcad fast when almost every new decice we buy has a plup on the eng of it or a wireless connection to the internet. Soon, our current smartphone lifestyle wilate our own smart home lifestyle too.All researches agree that close to 25 billion devices,things and sensors will be connected by 2020 which incidentally is also the moment that millennials(千禧一代) are expected to make up of our overall workforce, and the fully connected home . become a reality for large umbers of people worldwide.However this is just the tip of the proverbial iceberg as smart buildings and even cities increasingly become the norm as leaders and business owners begin to wake up to the massive savings that technology can deliver through connected sensors and new forms of automation coupled with ligent energy and facilities managemen.Online security cameras, intelligent lighting and a wealth of sensors that control both temperature and air quality are offering an unprecedented level of control, efficiency, and improvements to hat were once classed necessary costs when running a business or managing a large building.We can expect that the ever-growing list of devices, systems and environments remain connected,always online and talking to each other. the big benefit will not only be in the housing of this enormous and rapidly growing amount of data, but will also be in the ability to run real time data analytics to extract actionable and ongoing knowledge.The biggest and most exciting challenge of this technology is how to creatively leverage this ever-growing amount of data to deliver cost savings, improvements and tangible benefits to both businesses and citizens of these smart citiesThe good news is that most of this technology is already invented. let's face it, it wasn't too long ago that the idea of working from anywhere and at anytime was some form of a distant utopim(乌托邦式的) dream, and yet now we can perform almost any office-based task from any location in the world as long as we have access to the internet.it's time to wake up to the fact that making smart buildings, cities and homes will dramatically improve our quality of life in the years ahead.51.What does the example of iphone 6s serve to show?a)the huge capacity of the smartphones people now useb)the widespread use of smartphones all over the worldc)the huge impact of new technology on people's everyday life.d)the rapid technological progress in a very short period of time52. what can we expect to see by the year 2020?a)apps for the internet of thingsb) the popularization of smart homes.c)the emergence of millennialsd)total globalization of the world53. what will business owners do when they become aware of the benefits of the internet of things?a）employ fewer workers in their operationsb)gain automatic control of their businessec) invest in more smart buildings and citiesd)embrace whatever new technology there is54. what is the most exciting challenge when we possess more and more data?a) how to turn it to profitable usec)how to link the actionable systemsb)how to do real time data analysisd)how to devise new ways to store it.55. what does the author think about working from anywhere and at anytime?a)it is feasible with a connection to the internetb) it will thrive in smart buildings, cities and homesc) it is still a distant utopian dream for ordinary workersd)it will deliver tangible benefits to both boss and workerPart IVTranslation (30 minutes)Directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from chinese into English. you should write your answer on answer sheet 2.洞庭湖位于湖南省东北部，面积很大，但湖水很浅。

2017年12月大学英语六级真题试卷（二）(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Listening Comprehension 3. Reading Comprehension 4. TranslationPart I Writing1．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Seek to understand others, and you will be understood. “You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.正确答案：The Power of Mutual Understanding A host of facts in our daily life have proved that lack of understanding is a critical factor leading to disagreement among people, which makes it difficult for people to be on friendly terms with others. That’s why the phrase “mutual understanding” is emphasized. Just as the remark goes, “Seek to understand others, and you will be understood. “The significance of mutual understanding cannot be underestimated. On the one hand, mutual understanding serves as a prerequisite for learning progress, career success and happy life. If we understand each other and are willing to reach agreement, we can be empowered to summon multi-forces to grease the wheels of everything. On the other hand, mutual understanding is the lubricant of human relations. For those who wish to build lasting relationships and achieve civilized intercourse, mutual understanding is a foolproof strategy. To sum up, mutual understanding is the basis of our relationships with others and we would be socially idiotic without it. To avoid this, all we need is our utmost effort to seek to understand others.解析：这是一篇一句话点评类作文，要求针对引言“试着理解他人，你就会被理解”给出自己的观点。

2017 年12 月英语六级考试真题及答案（第一套）考试采取“多题多卷”模式，试题顺序不统一，请依据试题进行核对Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting onthe saying " Respect others, and you will be respected. " you can cite examples toilustrate your views. you should write at least 150 words but no more than 200Part IIListening comprehension(30miutes)Section aDirections: in this section, you will hear two long conversations at the end of each comversation you will hear four questions. both the comversation and the questions will be spoken only once. afier you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a, b) cand d). then mark the corresponding letter on answer Sheet i with a single line through the centre.Questions1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard1. a)they reward businesses that eliminate food wastb) they prohibit the sale of foods that have gone stalec) they facilitate the donation of unsold foods to the needyd) they forbid businesses to produce more foods than needed2. a)it imposed penalties on businesses that waste foodb) it passed a law aiming to stop overproductionC)it voted gainst food import from outside europe d) it prohibited the promotion of bulk food sales.3. a) it has warmed its people against possible food shortage.b) it has penalized businesses that keep overproducing foodsc) it has started a nationwide campaign against food waste.d) it has banned supermarkets from dumping edible foods.4 .a)the confusion over food expiration labels.b) the surplus resulting from overproductionc) americans' habit of buying food in bulkd) a lack of regulation on food consumptionQuestions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. a) it has started a week-long promotion campaign.b) it has just launched its annual anniversary salesc) it offers regular weekend sales all the year roundd) it specializes in the sale of ladies designer dresses6. a)price reductions for its frequent customers.b) coupons for customers with bulk purchases.c) free delivery of purchases for senior customers.d) price adjustments within seven days of purchase.7. a)mail a gift card to her.b) allow her to buy on credic) credit it to her accountd) give her some coupons.8. a) refunding for goods returnedb) free installing of appliances.c) prolonged goods warranty.d) complimentary tailoringSection bDirections: in this section, you will hear two passages. at the end of each passage, you will hear Iree or four questions. both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a, b, cand d). then mark the corresponding letter on answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard9. a)they are thin, tall, and unlike real human beings.b) they have more than twenty different hair texturesc) they have twenty-four different body shapes in totald) they represent people from virtually all walks of life.10. a)they do not reflect young girls aspirationsb) they are not sold together with the originalc) their flat feet do not appeal to adolescentsd) their body shapes have not changed much11. a)in toy storesb) in shopping malls.c) on the internetd) at barbie shopsQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. a )moveable metal type began to be used in printingb) chinese printing technology was first introducec) the earliest known book was publishedd) metal type was imported from korea13. a) it had more than a hundred printing presses.b) it was the biggest printer in the 16th century.c) it helped the german people become literate.d) it produced some 20 million volumes in total14. a)it pushed handwritten books out of circulation.b) it boosted the circulation of popular works.c) it made writing a very profitable career.d) it provided readers with more choices.15. a) it accelerated the extinction of the latin language.b) it standardized the publication of grammar books.c) turned translation into a welcome profession.d) it promoted the growth of national languagesSection cDirections: in this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. the recordings will be played only once. after you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a, b, c and d)Then mark the corresponding letter on answer sheet 1 with a single line through centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. a) they get bored after working for a period of time.b) they spend an average of one year finding a job.c) they become stuck in the same job for decades.d) they choose a job without thinking it through.17. a)see if there will be chances for promotion.b) find out what job choices are available.c) watch a film about ways of job hunting.d) decide which job is most attractive to you.18. a)the qualifications you have.b) the pay you are going to get.c) the culture of your target company.d) the work environment you will be in.19. a) it is as important as christmas for african-americans.b) it is a cultural festival founded for african-americans.c) it is an ancient festival celebrated by african-americans.d) it is a religious festival celebrated by african-americans20. a)to urge african-americans to do more for society.b) to call on african-americans to worship their godsc) to help african-americans to realize their goals.d) to remind african-americans of their sufferings.21. a)faith in self-determinationb) the first fruits of the harvestc) unity and cooperative economics d creative work and achievement.22. a)they recite a principleb) they take a solemn oathc) they drink wine from the unity cupd) they call out their ancestors' names.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard23. a) it is one of the world's most healthy diets.b) it contains large amounts of dairy products.c) it began to impact the world in recent years.d) it consists mainly of various kinds of seafood.4. a) it involved 13, 000 researchers from asia, europe and america.b) it was conducted in seven mid-eastern countries in the 1950sc) it is regarded as one of the greatest researches of its kind.d) it has drawn the attention of medical doctors the world over.25. a) they care much about their health.b) they eat foods with little fat.c)they use little oil in cookingd) they have lower mortality ratesPart III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.In the past 12 months,Nigeria has suffered from a shrinking economy, a slidingcurre ncy, and a proIon ged fuel shortage. Now, Africa ' s largest in facing a food crisis asmajor tomato fields have bee n destroyed by an in sect,lead ing to a n ati on wide shortage and escalating prices.The in sect, Tutaabsoluta, has destroyed 80% of farms in Kaduna, Nigeria's largesttomato produc ing state, leadi ng the gover nment there to declare a state of26 .The in sect, also known as the tomato leaf miner, devastates crops by 27 onfruits and diggi ng into and moving through stalks .It 28 in credibly quickly,breeding up to 12 generations per year if conditions are favorable. it is believed tohave 29 in South America in the early 1900s, and later spread to Europe before cross ing over to sub-Sahara n Africa.In Nigeria, where tomatoes are a staple of local diets,the in sect's effects aredevastat ing. Retail prices for a 30 of tomatoes at local markets have rise n from $0. 50to $2.50. Farmers are report ing steep losses and a new $20 milli on tomato-paste factory has 31 producti on due to the shortages.Given the moth's ability also to attack crops like pepper and potatoes, AuduOgbeh, Nigeria's minister of agriculture, has warned that the pest may"create seriousproblems for food 32 "in the coun try.Ogbeh says experts are in vestigati ng how tocon trol the pest ' s damage and preve nt its spread, which has gone largely 33 un tilnow.Despite being the continen t's sec on d-largest producer of tomatoes, Nigeria is 34 on $1 billi on worth of tomato-paste imports every year.as around 75% of thelocal harvest goes to waste tha nks to a lack of proper storage facilities. A further 35 inlocal supplies is yet ano ther un welcome setback to the in dustry.A)dependent I ) originatedB) Embark ing J) reducti onC) emerge nc K) reproducesD) feedi ng L ) securityE) grazes M ) terrorF) halted N) uncheckedG) han dful O ) uncheckedH) multitudeSectio n BDirections: In this secti on, you are going to read a passage with ten stateme nts attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questio ns by marking the corresp onding letter on An swer Sheet 2.who's really addicting you to Technology?A. "Nearly everyone i know is addicted in some measure to the internet, "wrote tony Schwartz in The New York Times. it's a common complaint these days. A steady stream of similar headlines accuse the net and its offspring apps, social media sites and online games of addicting us to distractionB. There's little doubt that nearly everyone who comes in contact with the net has difficulty concentration than it takes to post a status update. as one person ironically put it in the comments section of Schwartz'sonline article, "As I was reading this very excellent article.I stopped at least half a dozen times to cheek my email.C. There's something different about this technology: it is both invasive and persuasive.but who's at fault for its overuse ？To find solutions, it's important to understand whatwe ' re dealing with.There are four parties conspiring to keep you connected the tech,your boss, your friends and you.D. The technologies themselves and their makers, are the easiest suspects to blame for our diminishing attention spans. Nicholas Carr,author of The Shallows ：what the internet is doing Our brains, wrote, The net is designed to be an interruption system, a machine geared to dividing attention.E. Online services like Facebook, twitter and the like, are called out ofmanipula-tion--making ，products so good that people can't stop using them. afterstudying these products for several years, I wrote a book about how they do it. I learnedit all starts with the business model. since these services rely on advertising revenue, The more frequentlyyou use money they make.It teams of people focused on engineering their services to be as engaging as possible. these products aren't habit-forming by chance; it's by design.' s no wminpdaenr itehseseemcpoloy they have an incentive to keep us hooked.F. However, as good as these services are, there are simple steps we can take to keepthem at bay.For example, we can change how often we receive the distracting notifications that trigger our urge to check.According to adam marchick, ceo of mobile marketing company kahuna, less than 15 percentof smartphone users ever bother to adjust their notification setlings--meaning the remaining 85 percent of us default to the app makers' every preset trigger.Google and Apple have made it far too difficult to adjust these settings so it's up to us to take steps ensure we set these triggers to suit our own needs, not the needs of the app makers.G.While companies like Facebook harvest attention to generate revenue fromadvertisers, other technologies have no such agenda. take email, for example. this system couldn't care less how often you use it. Yet t o many, email is the mosthabit-forming medium of all.We check email at all hours of the day--we're obsessed, butwhy? Because that's what the boss wants.For almost all white-collar jobs, A slowResponse to a message could hurt not only your reputation but also your livelihood.H. Your friends are also responsible.Think about this familiar scene.People gathered around a table,enjoying food and each others company. there's laughter and a bit of kidding. Then, during an interval in the conversation, someone takes out their phone to check who knows what.Barely anyone notices and no one says a thing.I. Now imagine the same dinner,but instead of checking their phone, the person belches（打嗝）-loudly.Everyone notices. unless the meal takes place in a beer house, this is considered bad manners. The impolite act violates the basic rules of etiquette. one has to wonder why don ' t we apply the same social norms to checking phones during meals,meetings and conversations as we do to other antisocial behaviors somehow, we accept it and say nothingwhen someone offends.J. The reality is taking one's phone out at the wrong time is worse than belching because, unlike other minoroffense, checking tech is contagious. once one person looks at their phone,other people feel compelled to dothe same, starting a chain reaction. the more people are on their phones, the fewer people are talking untilfinally you are the only one left not reading email or checking twitter. from a societal perspective, phonechecking is less like belching in public and more like another bad habit. our phones are like cigarettes-something to do when were bored or when our fingers need something to toy with seeing others enjoy asmoke,or sneak a quick glance, is too tempting to resist and soon everyone is doing it.K. The technology, your boss, and your friends, all influence how often you find yourself using (or overusing )these gadgets. but there's still someone who deserves scrutiny--the person holding the phone. L. I have a confession. even though i study habit-forming technology for a living, disconnecting is not easyfor me.I'm online far more than I'd like like Schwartz and so many others, I often find myself distracted andoff tack.I wanted to know why so i began self-monitoring to try to understand my behavior. that's when idiscovered an uncomfortable truth. i use technology as an escape. when I'm doing something I'd rather notdo, or when I'm someplace I'd rather not attention was often a good thing, like when passing time on publictransportation, but frequently my tech use was not so benign.when i faced difficult work, like thinking through an article idea or editing the same draft for the hundredthtime, for example, a more sinister screen would draw me in. i could easily escape discomfort.temporarlly.byanswering email or browsing ing the web under the pretense of so-called"research. "though I desperatelywanted to lay blame elsewhere, i finally had to admit that my bad habits had less to do with new-age.technology and more to do with old-fashioned procrastination( 拖延 )M. it's easy to blame technology for being so distracting, but distraction is nothing new.Aristotle and Socrates dehated nature of “ akrasia--our”tendency to do things agninstour interests. If we're honest with ourselves, tech is just another way to occupy our time and minds,if we weren ' t on our deWviec'es.d likely do similarly unproductive.N. personal technology is indeed more engaging than ever, and there's no doubt companies are engineeringtheir products and services to be more compelling and attractive but would want it any other way theintended result of making something better is that people use it more. that's not necessarily a problem, that'sprogress.O. These improvements don't mean we shouldn't attempt to control our use of technology. In order to makesure it doesn't control us, we should come to terms withthe fact that it's more than the technology itself that workplace culture, social norns ands responsible for our habits. ou individual behaviors all play a part to put technology in its place, we must be conscious notonly of how technology is changing, but also of how it is changing us.36.Online services are so designed that the more they are used, the more profit they generate.37. The author admits using technology as an escape from the task at hand.38. Checking phones at dinners is now accepted as normal but not belching39. To make proper use of technology, we should not only increase our awareness of how it is changing butalso how it is impacting us.40. Most of us find it hard to focus on our immediate tasks because of internet distractions41. when one person starts checking their phone, the others will follow suit.42. T he great majority of smartphone users don' t take the trouble to adjust their settings to suit their ownpurposes.43. T he internet is regarded by some as designed to distract our attention.44. The author attributes his tech addiction chiefly to his habit of putting off doing what he should45. W hite-collar workers check email round the clock because it is required by their employersSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which theinformation is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.who's really addicting you to Technology?A. "Nearly everyone i know is addicted in some measure to the internet, "wrote tony Schwartz in The New York Times. it's a common complaint these days. A steady stream of similar headlines accuse the net and its offspring apps, social media sites and online games of addicting us to distractionB. There's little doubt that nearly everyone who comes in contact with the net has difficulty concentration than it takes to post a status update. as one person ironically put it in the comments section of Schwartz's online article, "As I was reading this very excellent article.I stopped at least half a dozen times to cheek my email.C. There's something different about this technology: it is both invasive and persuasive. but who's at fault for its overuse ？To find solutions, it's important to understand whatwe ' re dealing with.There are four parties conspiring to keep you connected the tech, your boss, your friends and you.D. The technologies themselves and their makers, are the easiest suspects to blame for our diminishing attention spans. Nicholas Carr,author of The Shallows ：what theinternet is doing Our brains, wrote, The net is designed to be an interruption system, a machine geared to dividing attention.E. Online services like Facebook, twitter and the like, are called out of manipula-tion--making ，products so good that people can't stop using them.after studying these products for several years, I wrote a book about how they do it. I learned it all starts with the business model. since these services rely on advertising revenue, The more frequently you use money they make.It ' s no winder these companies employ teams of people focused on engineering their services to be as engaging as possible.these products aren't habit-forming by chance; it's by design. they have an incentive to keep us hooked.F. However, as good as these services are, there are simple steps we can take to keep them at bay.For example, we can change how often we receive the distracting notifications that trigger our urge tocheck.According to adam marchick, ceo of mobile marketing company kahuna, less than 15 percent of smartphone users ever bother to adjust their notification setlings--meaning the remaining 85 percent of us default to the app makers' every preset trigger.Google and Apple have made it far too difficult to adjust these settings so it's up to us to take steps ensure we set these triggers to suit our own needs, not the needs of the app makers.G.While companies like Facebook harvest attention to generate revenue from advertisers, other technologies have no such agenda. take email, for example. this system couldn't care less how often you use it. Yet t o many, email is the mosthabit-forming medium of all.We check email at all hours of the day--we're obsessed, butwhy? Because that's what the boss wants.For almost all white-collar jobs, A slowResponse to a message could hurt not only your reputation but also your livelihood.H. Your friends are also responsible.Think about this familiar scene.People gathered around a table, enjoying food and each others company. there's laughter and a bit of kidding. Then, during an interval in the conversation, someone takes out their phone to check who knows what.Barely anyone notices and no one says a thing.I. Now imagine the same dinner,but instead of checking their phone, the personbelches（打嗝）-loudly.Everyone notices. unless the meal takes place in a beer house, this is considered bad manners. The impolite act violates the basic rules of etiquette. one hasto wonder why don ' t we apply the sameciasol norms to checking phones during meals,meetings and conversations as we do to other antisocial behaviors somehow, we accept it and say nothing when someone offends.J. The reality is taking one's phone out at the wrong time is worse than belching because, unlike other minor offense, checking tech is contagious. once one person looks at their phone,other people feel compelled to do the same, starting a chain reaction. the more people are on their phones, the fewer people are talking until finally you are the only one left not reading email or checking twitter. from a societal perspective, phone checking is less like belching in public and more like another bad habit. our phones are like cigarettes-something to do when were bored or when our fingers need something to toy with seeing others enjoy a smoke,or sneak a quick glance, is too tempting to resist and soon everyone is doing it.K. The technology, your boss, and your friends, all influence how often you find yourself using (or overusing )these gadgets. but there's still someone who deserves scrutiny--the person holding the phone. L. I have a confession. even though i study habit-forming technology for a living, disconnecting is not easy for me.I'm online far more than I'd like like Schwartz and so many others, I often find myself distracted and off tack.I wanted to know why so i began self-monitoring to try to understand my behavior. that's when i discovered an uncomfortable truth. i use technology as an escape. when I'm doing something I'd rathernot do, or when I'm someplace I'd rather not attention was often a good thing, like whenpassing time on public transportation, but frequently my tech use was not so benign. when i faced difficult work, like thinking through an article idea or editing the same draft for the hundredth time, for example, a more sinister screen would draw me in. i could easily escape discomfort.temporarlly.by answering email orbrowsing ing the web under the pretense of so-called"research. "though I desperately wanted to lay blame elsewhere, i finally had to admit that my bad habits had less to do with new-age.technology and more to do with old-fashioned procrastination（拖延）M. it's easy to blame technology for being so distracting, but distraction is nothing new.Aristotle and Socrates dehated nature of “ akrasia--our”tendency to do things agninstour interests. If we're honest with ourselves, tech is just another way to occupy our time and minds,if we weren ' t on our deWviec'es.d likely do similarly unproductive.N. personal technology is indeed more engaging than ever, and there's no doubt companies are engineering their products and services to be more compelling and attractive but would want it any other way the intended result of making something better is that people use it more. that's not necessarily a problem, that's progress.O. These improvements don't mean we shouldn't attempt to control our use of technology. In order to make sure it doesn't control us, we should come to terms with the fact that it's more than the te chnology itself that ' s responsible for our habits. ourworkplace culture, social norns and individual behaviors all play a part to put technologyin its place, we must be conscious not only of how technology is changing, but also of how it is changing us.36.Online services are so designed that the more they are used, the more profit they generate.37. The author admits using technology as an escape from the task at hand.38. Checking phones at dinners is now accepted as normal but not belching39. To make proper use of technology, we should not only increase our awareness of how it is changing but also how it is impacting us.40. Most of us find it hard to focus on our immediate tasks because of distractions41. when one person starts checking their phone, the others will follow suit.42. T he great majority of smartphone users don' t take the trouble to adjust their settings to suit their own purposes.43. T he internet is regarded by some as designed to distract our attention.44. The author attributes his tech addiction chiefly to his habit of putting off doing what he should45. W hite-collar workers check email round the clock because it is required employers Part IVTranslation (30 minutes)Directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from chinese into English. you should write your answer on answer sheet 2. internet by their太湖是中国东部的一个淡水湖,占地面积2250 平方公里,是中国第三大淡水湖,仅次于鄱阳和洞庭。

2017年12月英语六级听力原文（第二套）Conversation-1W: You are going to give a short speech of thanks for the speaker this evening, aren’t you, Bill?M: Yes.W: You don’t sound very enthusiastic. It’s not that bad, is it?get the first speech of thanks I did.M: No, I don’t mind, really. But I can never forW: Why? What happened?M: Well, I was in my early twenties. I joined the local history society.W: Yes?M: Anyway, I went along to a lecture by a Miss Bligh.W: Oh. Do go on.M: She was going to talk with slides about our town in the mid-18th century. She had just published a book on thesubject which was reckoned to be quite good. So I went along. When I arrived, the secretary asked me if I could give thespeech of thanks. Rather stupidly, I said yes.W: We’ve all don e it.M: Anyway, from that point on, I was scared. What should I say? I decided to make notes during the lecture and referto interesting parts and thank her on behalf of the society. In fact, by the time Miss Bligh stood up to talk, I was feelingmuch better. But she was so nervous that she kept forgetting what to say, and she spoke almost in a whisper. People at theback kept calling out “We can’t hear.” It was embarrassing.W: I can imagine it.M: At least the slides were good, that is, until the bulb in the projector blew. And she had to finish her talk with no illustrations.W: So what did you say in your speech of thanks?M: What can you say? You have be polite. I mentioned the interesting facts, referred to the excellent slides, and thefinished by sa ying “We’d all like to thank Miss Bligh for blowing out her slides.”　W: Oh, no.M: I felt terrible. I tried to apologize, not very successfully.W: And the speech of thanks this evening?M: I’ll write down exactly what I’m going to say and read it carefully.1. What is the man asked to do this evening?2. What do we learn about the man?3. What does the man say about Miss Bligh?4. What does the man say about the first time he gave a speech of thanks?Conversation-2W: Another cup of tea, Paul?M: No, than ks. Well, what’s new, Laurie?W: Nothing dramatic. But there is something you should know about.M: What’s that?W: Well, our rivals are offering extended credit terms to some of the retailers in the area.M: Oh? Which rival is this? We only have two.W: Barratts Company.M: Oh, them. Well, they are hardly a threat.W: I know they are smaller than us, but we can’t afford to ignore them.M: Yes, you are right, Laurie. But I don’t like extended credit. It ties up cash we could put to better use elsewhere,I’ll look into it on Monday.W: Yes. And there is something else.M: Don’t tell me! The letter from the tax revenue office?W: Right. How did you know?M: Tara told me. What’s the problem?W: Well. Tome got this letter late yesterday and then went franti c trying to find copies of last year’s accounts.M: Did he find them?W: No. And he was away before I could get hold of the letter.M: How about a drive down to the office now? And we’ll see if everything’s all right. There’s wanted a chat with you before Monday.W: I thought as much. Well, go on. Surprise me.M: How about selling that new motorcycle of yours in Indonesia?W: What? You mean export? Paul, I think you’ve been away too long. This is Jayal Motors. We’ve abroad.M: Don’t worry, Laurie. I’m not crazy. I’ve been studying the possibility and I think we should give it a go.W: It’s not as easy as that, though, is it? We’ll have to reorganize the whole company.M: Don’t be silly. I don’t intend starting next week. We’d h ave to plan it properly. Of course, there will be a few problems.W: A few problems? I can see hundreds. For one thing, transport. I have enough trouble delivering bikes to shops only40 miles away, never mind 5,000 miles!g agents are for.M: That’s what forwardin5. What does the woman think the man should know?6. What does the woman think of Barrats Company.7. What did the woman say about the letter from the tax revenue office?8. What is the man think of doing?Passage 1A report on sleep and nutrition released this month found that people who consistently went to bed earlier than 11 p.m.took in fewer calories and ate more healthy food. In contrast, “night owls” who go to bed between 11 p.m to consume more coffee, alcohol, refined sugars and processed meats than early risers. This report corresponds with theexisting scientific literature on bedtime and wellness. The relationship between geeing more sleep and making better foodchoices is well-documented. A study published last year in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that peoplewho sleep more tend to eat less unhealthy food than their peers who don’t get much rest. And a 2015 study from the University of California, Berkeley, found that teens who go to bed late are more likely to gain weight over a five-year period.neAs a group, “night owls” types tend to eat less healthy food and take in more calories overall than early risers. The later o goes to bed, the more calories one records the next day. As yet a challenge to explain the cause-and-effect relationship between sleep and nutrition, there may be a third factor that impacts both of them. Or the relationship could be reversed,that is, people who eat less fall asleep earlier. Still, if late sleepers want to lose a few pounds, they can go to bed earlier thanthey usually do, thereby, reducing their chance of taking snacks before bedtime.9.What do we learn about the report released this month?10. What does the study from the University of California, Berkeley, find about teens who go to bed late?11. What should “night owls” do to reduce their consumption of unhealthy food?Passage 2Researchers have found not just a diversity problem in Hollywood but actually an inclusion crisis. With less than aweek before an Oscars ceremony that has already been criticized for an all-whit list of acting nominees, a study shows thefilm industry does worse than television. Just 3.4 percent of film directors were female, and only 7 percent of films has castwhose balance of race and ethnicity reflected the country’s diversity. When researches looked at all TV shows, they a found that women of color over 40 were regarded as “largely invisible”　and just 22 percent of TV series creators were female. Overall, the study found half the films and TV shows had no Asian speaking characters and more than one-fifth ofthem had no black characters with dialogue. The film industry still functions as a straight, whit, boy thow women are depicted, the study found female characters were four times more likely to be shown in sexy clothing andnearly four times as likely to be referred to as physically attractive. But their results also indicated films and TV shows withwomen or people of color in the important jobs behind the scenes—director, producer or writer—tended to have better diversity numbers. Across TV and film, the underrepresentation of non-white characters falls mostly on Hispanics. Amongmore than 10,000 characters, proportions of white, black and Asian characters came close to U.S. population figures. ButHispanics were just 5.8 percent of characters, despite being about 17 percent of the U.S. population.12. Why has the Oscars ceremony been criticized?13. What do we learn from the research?14. Who are regarded as “largely invisible” on TV shows?15. What does the speaker say about Hispanic?Lecture 1When purchasing life insurance, there are many important factors to consider. One should buy the policies that give themost protection at the least cost, e nsure the right family members, and consider the family’s financial needs. It is to buy the insurance from companies that are financially sound and that are represented by honest, well-trained agents. Atnt kinds of life insurance are needed for particular situations. Jerry is single and hasvarious stages in a person’s life, differeno dependents. Probable the only life insurance he needs is enough to cover his debts and burial expenses. Insurance can be purchased at a lower rate during the young years, but by buying while young, the premiums are paid in for a longer periodof time. In the end, the amount paid for premium is about the same. A person shouldn’t buy insurance pr, who is a college graduate and is working. Perhaps enough insuranceisn’t necessary. Suppose that Jerry marries Jeannettewould be needed to cover their debts and burial expenses. Now, Jeanette has quit work and their first child is on the way.They have purchased a home with a small down payment and a 30-year mortgage. The situation regarding life insurancetakes on a different look. There are dependents who need financial protection. How much insurance is needed? As thefamily increase in size, it is essential to add more insurance on the breadwinner to protect the dependents. When the children are young and depend upon the family for financial need, families with modest incomes have difficulty providingenough life insurance to protect the mother and the children. Families with modest incomes should insure the breadwinneror breadwinners first. When considering the amount of insurance for the mother with dependent children, substitute childcare is a need that should be planned for until the children can care for themselves. The death of a small child would haveno effect upon the income of the family. Perhaps a policy to meet funeral expenses would sufficient for the young child,although most people do not take out insurance on their young children. As the children become financially independent ofthe family, the emphasis on family financial security will shift from protection to saving for the retirement years. Everyfamily situation is different, but it is important that each family give adequate thought to planning its financial future.16. What life insurance should a singe person buy, according to the speaker?17. What should people do as their family increases in size?18. When should one change their life insurance?Lecture 2“Stereotype” may sound like a bad word, but there’s nothing bad about it.For one thing, stereotypes are often accurate.When you ask people about their concept of stereotypes, they get it pretty much right. Also, stereotypes are often positive,particularly of groups that we ourselves belong to. Some of the statistical generalizations may be positive as some groupshave reputations for being smart, for being loyal, for being brave, for all sorts of things that are not at all negative. And sothere’s nothing inherently wrong abut stereotypes.But there are problems with stereoty pes. For one thing, they’re reliable insofar as they’re based on unbia But a lot of the information we get about human groups is through biased sources like how they’re re And if these sources don’t give you an accurate depiction, your stereotype won’t be accurate.For example, many Jews have been troubled by Shakespeare’sdepiction of Shylock. If the only Jew you know ise we are good at Shakespeare’s Shylock, it’s going to be a very bad impression. So one problem with stereotypes is whildrawing conclusions from them, often our information isn’t reliable.A second problem is that stereotypes, regardless of whether or not they’re accurate, can have a negati people that they apply to. And this is what psychologist, Claude Steele, described as stereotype threat. He has a vivid-Americans do worse on a math test. You have the test and you put on the testexample of this. Here’s how to make Africanthat they have to identify their race. The very act of acknowledging that they are African-Americans when given a testignites in them thoughts of their own stereotype which is negative regarding academics and that makes them do worse. Wantto know how to make a woman do worse on a math test? Same thing, get her to write down her sex.One recent study found a sort of clever twist on this. When Asian-American women are given a test and they’re as to mark down their race, they do better than they would otherwise do. They’re reminded of a positive stereo their morale. You ask them, on the other hand, to mark down their sex, they do worse because they are reminded of a negative stereotype. That’s an example of how stereotypes have a potentially damaging effect on people.19. What does the speaker say about stereotype?20. What lead to the bias of stereotype?21. What does the speaker say is a problem with stereotypes?22. What did one recent study find about stereotype?Lecture 3Sometimes when you take a common drug, you may have a side effect. That is, the drug may cause some effect otherthan its intended one. When these side effects occur, they are called adverse reactions. Whenever you have an adverse reaction, you should stop taking the drug right away. Ask your pharmacist whether he can suggest a drug that will relievethe symptoms but that will not cause the adverse reaction. If an adverse reaction to a drug is serious, consult your doctor for advice at once.Drugs that are safe in the dosage stated on the label may be very dangerous in large dose. For example, aspirin is seldom thought of as dangerous, but there are many reports of accidental poisoning of young children who take too manyaspirin pills as well as the possible development of Reye syndrome in children with flu. In adults, excessive used of somepain-killing drugs may cause serve kidney damage. Some drugs for relief of stomach upsets, when taken in excess, can perhaps cause serious digestive problems. You should never use any over-the-counter drug on a regular, continued basis, orin large q uantities, except on your doctor’s advice. You could be suffering from a serious illness that needs a doctor Each drug you take not only acts on the body but may also alter the effect of any other drug you are taking. Sometimes,this can cause dangerous or even fatal reactions. For example, aspirin increases the blood-thinning effects of drugs given to patients with heart disease. Therefore, a patient who has been taking such a drug may risk bleeding if her or she uses aspirinfor a headache. Before using several drugs together you should ask your doctor and follow his advice. Your pharmacist cantell you whether certain drugs can safely be taken together.Alcohol may increase the effect of a drug—sleeping pills combine with alcohol to produce a sleepy feeling. When taking any drug, you should ask your doctor whether drinking alcohol could be dangerous in combination with the medicine.Experts believe there is a relationship between adult abuse of legitimate medicines and the drug culture has swept our country. You can do your shar to reduce the chances that your children will become part of the drug culture by treating all medicines with respect. Always let your children know that medicines and drugs should not be used carelessly.23. What does the speaker say you should do when you have an adverse reaction?24. What does the speaker say about alcohol drinking?25. What does the speaker call on parents to do at the end of the talk?。

2017年12月英语六级考试真题答案（第二套）Part I Writing范文"Seek to understand others,and you will be understood"The enlightenment of this saying is not lost in our era but unwilling to understand others seems prevalent. The implication of this message is that people can understand each other as long as they try to do this first;there are,in fact,many who get understood by others because they manage to understand others first.There are several factors to be taken into account when we agree on“seek to understand others,and will be understood”:One reason is that trying to understand others can show your kindness to others.Other people would be thankful,so it is easier for them to accept your ideas.On the other hand,it will let you think what other people think so that you can get to know them better.Therefore,your ideas would have a greater chance to be understood.When we seek to understand others,we elevate the goodwill and team-work spirit.There is a stimulative effect that kicks in when people share this spirit.By seeking to understand others,we boost opportunity for fulfilling understanding between each other.Part II Listening ComprehensionSection ALong Conversation11.【答案】C.They facilitate the donation of unsold food to the needy.2.【答案】B.It passed a law aiming to stop overproduction.3.【答案】D.It has banned supermarkets from dumping edible food.4.【答案】A.the confusion over food expiration labels.Long Conversation25.【答案】B.It has just launched its annual anniversary sales.6.【答案】D.Price adjustment within seven days of purchase.7.【答案】C.Credit it to her account.8.【答案】plimentary tailoring.Section BPassage19.【答案】A.They are thin,tall,and unlike real human beings.10.【答案】D.Their body shapes have not changed much.11.【答案】C.On the Internet.Passage212.【答案】A.Moveable metal type began to be used in printing.13.【答案】B.It was the biggest printer in the16th century.14.【答案】B.It boosted the circulation of popular works.15.【答案】D.It promoted the growth of national languages.Section CRecording116.【答案】D)They choose a job without thinking it through.17.【答案】B)Find out what job choices are available.18.【答案】A)The qualifications you have.Recording219.【答案】B)It is a cultural festival founded for African-Americans.20.【答案】C)To help African-Americans to realize their goals.21.【答案】B)The first fruits of the harvest.22.【答案】A)They recite a principle.Recording323.【答案】A)It is one of the world’s most healthy diets.24.【答案】C)It is regarded as one of the greatest researchers of its kind.25.【答案】D)They have lower mortality rates.Part III Reading ComprehensionSection A26.i)permitThe new marine reserve,now the largest in the Pacific,will no fishing or mining.该空考察will之后的动词原形，因此，结合上下句语境，不难得出该空为permit(允许零捕鱼区);27.o)territoryThe tiny island nation has set aside500,000square kilometers-80percent-of its maritime.该空考察maritime后的搭配，考虑到形容词后的搭配，不难得出该空考察maritime后的名词为territory(小岛领土);28.f）exclusiveThat’s the highest percentage of an economic zone devoted to marine conservation by any country in the world.该空考察不定冠词an后的搭配，同时考虑空后的economic，可以得出exclusive(专属经济区);29.c)commercialby individuals and small-scale fishing businesses with limited exports该空考察individuals及small-scale后的搭配，根据上下文语境可以得出，该空答案为commercial(商业捕鱼区);30.d)communitiesIsland have been among the hardest hit by the threats facing the ocean.此处考察从句的主语部分，考虑前后文，可以得出“Island communities”(小岛社区);31.e）essentialThe people of Palau recognise as to our survival.Recognise as后接该空出所问的“这个大胆的一步”所处的地位，“essential”一词为正确答案(Palau地区居民认为的必需品);32.g)independentPalau has only been an nation for twenty years and has a strong history of environmental protection.此处考察搭配“an independent nation”(独立的国家)，故根据前后搭配，答案很容易得出;33.m)sponsorSenator Hokkons Baules,lead of the Palau National Marine Sanctuary Act,said....该提出现在句中的同位语处，因此，考虑到这个人的身份，不难得出答案为sponsor(主要赞助商);34.j)secureHelp build a future...该空考察搭配，“帮助建立...的未来”，因此，“安全的未来”符合语境，故选secure;35.n)stocksCall a temporary stop to fishing for key species in order to give fish an opportunity to replenish.此处考察搭配fish后的搭配，因此，“给...一个补充的机会”，因此，该空答案为fish stocks(鱼类);section B36M)Astronomer David Hogg doesn't think scooping is as serious a problem as generally thought.37.G)some researchers are hesitant to make their dada public for fear that others might publish something similar before them.38.D)some psychology journals have offered incentives to encourage authors to hare their data.39.A)there is a growing demand in the sience community that research data be open the public.40.P)sharing data offers early-career resarchers the chance to build a certain level of reputation.41.C)Data sharing enables scientists to publish each step of their research work. thus leading to more citations.42.B)scientists hold different opinions about the extent and timing of data sharing.43.O)Potential problems related to data sharing should be made known to and discussed by all participants at the beginning of a joint research project.44.F)sharing data and handling data-reated issues can be time-consuming45.F)junior researc hers may have no say when it comes to sharing data.Section c46.A47.D48.B49.A50.B51.D52.B53.B54.A55.APart IV TranslationDongting lake is a large,shallow lake in northeastern hunan province,china.it is a flood basin of the yangtze River.Hence the lake's size depends on the season.the provinces of hubei and hunan are named after their location relative to the lake:Hubei means"north of the lake and Hunan means"south of the lake.dongting lake enjoys a good reputation in chinese culture as the place of origin of dragon boat racing.dragon boat racing is said to have begun on the eastern shores of Dongtinglake as a search for the body of Qu Yuan,the Chu patriotic poet.Dragon Boat racing and the beauty of Dongting Lake and the surrounding area attract thousands of tourists at home and abroad each year.。

2017年12月大学英语六级作文真题及参考范文解析汇总2017年12月大学英语六级作文真题及参考范文解析汇总本次2017年12月CET6大学英语六级作文题目分别是：尊敬他人（互相尊重）、理解他人（互相理解）和帮助他人（互相帮助），是典型的名言警句的类型，以下是考试真题及优秀范文和名师点评解析。

对于这种类型的文章，我们再处理的时候，重点把握的第一个精髓在第一段当中我们一定要把这些话题或者这些名言警句稍微引导。

第一部分：作文时间：30分钟Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on how to best handle the relationship between parents and children. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.2017年12月英语六级作文真题一：尊重他人For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Respect others, and you will be respected." You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.2017年12月英语六级作文真题及优秀范文：互相尊重，尊重他人也会得到他人的尊重2017年12月英语六级作文真题二：理解他人For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Seek to understand, and you will be understood." You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.2017年12月英语六级作文真题及优秀范文：互相别人2017年12月英语六级作文真题三：帮助他人For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying " Help others, and you will be helped when you are in need." You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.2017年12月英语六级作文真题及优秀参考范文：互相帮助参考范文：【参考范文：尊重别人】Respect Others and You Will beRespectedWith the society and economy developing rapidly, a growing number of people are paying close attention to new values, while certain essential and crucial ones are not and will never be out of date. There is no doubt in saying that everyone longs for respect from others due to the truth that respect has been a basic mental need throughout human society.What is the best way to earn respect from others? Obviously, it is not hard to come up with the answer, to respect others, be it in words or manners. Just as a famous writer, Zhou Guoping, once put it, one’s dignity can be fully expressed by showing respect for others. It is a fact that showing respect for our family, our friends, our colleagues and anyone who is worth being respected not only plays an indispensable role in gaining respect from others but also contributes to the construction of a harmonious society.Respect others, and you will be respected. To enhance the awareness of respecting others from the bottom of heart is of great significance to achieving a happiness-enhancing life. It is imperative for us to cultivate and develop this traditional and treasurable quality. Only in this way can we exert a positive influence on social environment.【参考译文】随着社会和经济的快速发展，越来越多的人开始密切关注新的价值观，然而某些基本的重要价值观现在没有过时，以后也不会过时。

Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.You may have heard that Coca-Cola once contained an ingredient capable of sparking particular devotion in consumers: cocaine. The“coca” in the name referred to the extracts of coca leaf that the drinks originator, chemist John Pemberton, mixed with his sugary syrup(姜汁). At the time, coca leaf extract mixed with wine was a common tonic(滋补品), and Pemberton’s sweet brew was a way to get around local laws prohibiting the sale of alcohol. But the other half of the name represents another ingredient，less infamous(名声不好的), perhaps, but also strangely potent: the kola nut.In West Africa, people have long chewed kola nuts as stimulants, because they contain caffeine that also occurs naturally in tea, coffee, and chocolate. They also have heart stimulants.Historian Paul Lovejoy relates that the cultivation of kola nuts in West Africa is hundreds of years old. The leafy, spreading trees were planted on graves and as part of traditional rituals. Even though the nuts, which need to stay moist, can be somewhat delicate to transport, traders carried them hundreds of miles throughout the forests and grasslands.Europeans did not know of them until the 1500s, when Portuguese ships arrived on the coast of what is now Sierra Leone. And while the Portuguese took part in the trade, ferrying nuts down the coast along with other goods, by 1620, when English explorer Richard Jobson made his way up the Gambia, the nuts were still peculiar to his eyes.By the late 19th century, kola nuts were being shipped by the tonne to Europe and the US. Many made their way into medicines, intended as a kind of energy boost. One such popular medicinal drink was Vin Mariani, a French product consisting of coca extract mixed with red wine. It was created by a French chemist, Angelo Mariani, in 1863. So when Pemberton created his drink,it represented an ongoing trend. When cocaine eventually fell from grace as a beverage ingredient, kola-extract colas became popular.The first year it was available, Coca-Cola averaged nine servings a day across all the Atlanta soda fountains where it was sold. As it grew more popular, the company sold rights to bottle the soda, so it could travel easily. Today about 1.9 billion Cokes are purchased daily. It’s become so iconic that attempts to change its taste in 1985 —sweetening it in a move projected to boost sales —proved disastrous, with widespread anger from consumers. “Coca-Cola Classic”，returned to store shelves just three months after the “New Coke” was released.These days, the Coca-Cola recipe is a closely guarded secret. But it’s said to no longer contain kola nut extract, relying instead on artificial imitations to achieve the flavour.你可能听说可口可乐曾经含有一种能够使消费者“死忠”的成分：可卡因。

“世界上没有笨的⼈，只有不勤奋的⼈”这句话是我们的语⽂董⽼师经常对我们说的⼀句⼝头禅，告诉我们要勤奋学习，要珍惜时间，要乐于助⼈，做⼀个对社会有⽤的⼈。

以下是店铺为⼤家搜索整理的2017年⼤学英语六级阅读真题及答案，希望能给⼤家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业⽣考试⽹! 选词填空 26.G hypotheses 假设 填名词，根据后⾯两个名词可知，这⾥⼀定填复数名词，即“好的科学基于假设、实验和⽅法论。

” 27. C convincing 令⼈信服的 填形容词，“好的科学需要令⼈信服的理解、明确的解释和清晰的展⽰” 填形容词，意思与后⽂clear，consise为同义词。

“好的科学需要令⼈信服的理解、明确的解释、简明的陈述” 28. A arena 舞台 填名词，“科学家愿意踏⼊公共的舞台(公众的视野)”。

29.B contextual 填形容词，与understandable并列，语义相同，即“语⾔是公众能根据上下⽂能理解的” 30.I incorporate 合并 填动词原形，to support… and to incorporate knowledges into…,incorporate into动词固定搭配。

“把知识融⼊我们的公共交流中” 31.D devoted 奉献 填动词过去式。

devote to固定搭配。

“把17%的花费投⼊到研究和发展中”。

32.N reaping 获得 填现在分词。

reaping decades of economic growth,“获得⼏⼗年的'经济增长”。

33.E digits 位数 填名词。

single digits个位数。

“这个数字下降到个位数”。

34.M pride 填动词原形。

pride⼀词多性，这⾥考察动词⽤法：pride oneself on sth，以某⼈为⾃豪。

“我们不仅以研究为⾃豪，也为对世界的进步做出的贡献⽽⾃豪”。

2017年12月份英语六级（CET6）真题与答案（卷二）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Seek to understand others,and you will be understood " you can cite examples to ilustrate your views. you should write at least 150 words but no more than 200。

Part IIListening comprehension(30miutes)Section aDirections: in this section, you will hear two long conversations at the end of each comversation you will hear four questions. both the comversation and the questions will be spoken only once. afier you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a, b) cand d). then mark the corresponding letter on answer Sheet i with a single line through the centre.Questions1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard1.a)they reward businesses that eliminate food wastb)they prohibit the sale of foods that have gone stalec) they facilitate the donation of unsold foods to the needyd) they forbid businesses to produce more foods than needed2. a)it imposed penalties on businesses that waste foodb)it passed a law aiming to stop overproductionC)it voted gainst food import from outside europed) it prohibited the promotion of bulk food sales.3. a) it has warmed its people against possible food shortage.b) it has penalized businesses that keep overproducing foodsc)it has started a nationwide campaign against food waste.d) it has banned supermarkets from dumping edible foods.4 .a)the confusion over food expiration labels.b)the surplus resulting from overproductionc)americans' habit of buying food in bulkd)a lack of regulation on food consumptionQuestions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. a) it has started a week-long promotion campaign.b)it has just launched its annual anniversary salesc) it offers regular weekend sales all the year roundd)it specializes in the sale of ladies designer dresses6. a)price reductions for its frequent customers.b)coupons for customers with bulk purchases.c)free delivery of purchases for senior customers.d) price adjustments within seven days of purchase.7. a)mail a gift card to her.b) allow her to buy on credic) credit it to her accountd) give her some coupons.8. a) refunding for goods returnedb) free installing of appliances.c)prolonged goods warranty.d)complimentary tailoringSection bDirections: in this section, you will hear two passages. at the end of each passage, you will hear Iree or four questions. both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once After you heara question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a, b, cand d). then mark the corresponding letter on answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard9. a)they are thin, tall, and unlike real human beings.b)they have more than twenty different hair texturesc)they have twenty-four different body shapes in totald)they represent people from virtually all walks of life.10.a)they do not reflect young girls aspirationsb)they are not sold together with the originalc) their flat feet do not appeal to adolescentsd) their body shapes have not changed much11. a)in toy storesb) in shopping malls.c)on the internetd)at barbie shopsQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. a )moveable metal type began to be used in printingb) chinese printing technology was first introducec)the earliest known book was publishedd) metal type was imported from korea13. a) it had more than a hundred printing presses.b)it was the biggest printer in the 16th century.c) it helped the german people become literate.d) it produced some 20 million volumes in total14. a)it pushed handwritten books out of circulation.b)it boosted the circulation of popular works.c)it made writing a very profitable career.d) it provided readers with more choices.15. a) it accelerated the extinction of the latin language.b) it standardized the publication of grammar books.c) turned translation into a welcome profession.d) it promoted the growth of national languagesSection cDirections: in this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. the recordings will be played only once. after you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a, b, c and d)Then mark the corresponding letter on answer sheet 1 with a single line through centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. a) they get bored after working for a period of time.b) they spend an average of one year finding a job.c)they become stuck in the same job for decades.d) they choose a job without thinking it through.17. a)see if there will be chances for promotion.b)find out what job choices are available.c)watch a film about ways of job hunting.d) decide which job is most attractive to you.18. a)the qualifications you have.b)the pay you are going to get.c)the culture of your target company.d) the work environment you will be in.19. a) it is as important as christmas for african-americans.b) it is a cultural festival founded for african-americans.c) it is an ancient festival celebrated by african-americans.d) it is a religious festival celebrated by african-americans20. a)to urge african-americans to do more for society.b) to call on african-americans to worship their godsc) to help african-americans to realize their goals.d) to remind african-americans of their sufferings.21. a)faith in self-determinationb)the first fruits of the harvestc) unity and cooperative economicsd creative work and achievement.22. a)they recite a principleb)they take a solemn oathc)they drink wine from the unity cupd) they call out their ancestors' names.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard23. a) it is one of the world's most healthy diets.b) it contains large amounts of dairy products.c)it began to impact the world in recent years.d) it consists mainly of various kinds of seafood.4. a) it involved 13, 000 researchers from asia, europe and america.b) it was conducted in seven mid-eastern countries in the 1950sc) it is regarded as one of the greatest researches of its kind.d)it has drawn the attention of medical doctors the world over.25. a) they care much about their health.b) they eat foods with little fat.c)they use little oil in cookingd) they have lower mortality ratesPart III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.The pacific island nation of palau has become home to the sixth largest marineworld. the new marine reserve, now the largest in the pacific, will--26-- no fishing or mining. Palau also established the world, first shark sanctuary in 2009.The tiny island nation has set aside 500,000 square kilometres-80 percent -of its maritime --27--, for full protection, that's the highest percentage of an--28 --economic zone devoted to remaining 20 percent of the palau seas will be reserved for local fishing by individuals and small-scale-- 29-- fishing businesses with limited exports."island --30--have been among the hardest hit by the threats facing theocean, "saidpresident.Tommy remengesau jr in a statement. "creating this sanctuary is a bold move that the people of palau recognise as 31 to our survival. we want to lead the way in restoring the health of the occan for future generationPalau has only been an_ 32 nation for twenty years and has a strong history of environmental protection. it is home to one of the world's finest marine ecosystems, with more than 1,300 species of fish and 700 species of coral.Senator hokkons baules lead 33 of the palau national marine sanctuary act, said the sanctuary willhelp build a- 34 future for the palauan people by honoring the conservation traditions of our past". these include the centuries-old custom of"", where leaders would call a temporary stop to fishing for key species in order to give fish 35 an opportunity to replenish(补充).a)allocateb) celebritiesc)commerciald)communitiese）essentialf）exclusiveg)independenth) indulgei)permitj)securek) solitaryL)spectaclem)sponsorn)stockso)temitoryData sharing: an open mind on open date[ A] It is a movement building steady momentum: a call to make research data, software code and experimental methods publicly available and transparent. a spirit of openness is gaining acceptance in the science community, and is the only way, say advocates, to address a'crisis' incience whereby too few findings are successfully reproduced. furthermore, they say, it is the best way for researchers to gather the range of observations that are necessary to speed up discoveries or to identify large-scale trends.[B] the open-data shift poses a confusing problem for junior researchers. on the one hand,the drive to share is gathering official steam. since 2013, global scientific bodies have begun to back politics that support increased public access to reseach.on the other hand,scientists disagree about how much and when they should share date,and they debate whether sharing it is more likely to accelerate science and make it more robust, or to introduce vulnerabilities and problems.as more journals and make it more robust,or to introduce vulnerabilities and problems.as more journal and funders adopt data-sharing requirements, and as a growing number of enthusiasts call formore openness, junior researchers must find their place between adopters and those who continue to hold out, even as they strive to launch their own careers.[C] one key challenge facing young scientists is how to be open without becoming scientifically vulnerable. they must determine the risk of jeopardizing a job offer or a collaboration prosal from those who are wary of-or unfamiliar with -open science. and they must learn How to capitalize on the movement's benefits such as opportunities for more citations and a way to build a reputation without the need for conventional metrics, such as publication in high-impact journals.[D] some fields have embraced open data more than others. researchers in psychology, a field rocked by findings of irreproducibility in the past few years, have been especially vocalsup-porters of the drive for more-open science.A few psychology journals have created incentives to increase interest in repar open science. a few psychology journals have created incentives porters of the drive for me lucible science -for example, by affixing an",badge to articles that clearly state where data are available. according to social psychologist brian nose executive director of the center for open science, the average data-sharing rate for the journal Psychological science, which uses the badges, increased tenfold to 38% from 2013 to 2015.[E] funders, too, are increasingly adopting an open-data policy .several strongly ergement,and some require,a date-management plan that makes data available .The us national science foundation is among these, some philanthropic (慈善的) funders, including the bill Gates foundation in seattle, washington, and the wellcome trust in london, alopen data from their grant recipients.[F] but many young researchers, especially those who have not been mentored in openscience .are uncertain about whether to share or to stay private.Graduate students and postdoes,who often are working on their lab head's grant may have no choice if their supervisor or another senior opposes sharing.[G] some fear that the potential impact of sharing is too high, especially at the early stages of a career." Everybody has a scary story about someone getting scooped(被抢先),” says new York university astronomer david hogg. those fears may be a factor in a lingering hesitation to share data even when publishing in journals that mandate it.[H] researchers at small labs or at institutions focused on teaching arguably have the most to lose when sharing hard-won data. ""with my institution and teaching load, i don't have postdocs and grad students", says terry mcglynn, a tropical biologist at california state university,Dominguez hills. "the stakes are higher to share data because it's a bigger fraction of hats happening in my lab.[I] researchers also point to the time sink that is involved in preparing data for others toview.Once the data and associated materials appear in a repository(存储库), answering questions and handling complaints can take many hours.[J] the time investment can present other problems. in some cases, says data scientist karthik Ram, it may be difficult for junior researchers to embrace openness when senior colleagues manyof whom head selection and promotion teesht ridicule what they may view as misplaced energies. "i've heard this recently -that embracing the idea of open datad code makes traditional academics uncomfortable, "says ram. "the concem seems to be that open advocates don't spend their time being as productive as possible."[ K]an open-science stance can also add complexity to a collaboration. kate ratliff, who studies social attitudes at the university of florida, gainesville, says that it can seem as if there are two camps in a field-those who care about open science and those who don't . " there a new area to navigate-'are you cool with the fact that i'll want to make the data open?'-when talking with somebody about an interesting research idea, "she says.[L] despite complications and concerns, the upsides of sharing can be significant. for example,when information is uploaded to a repository, a digital object identifier(DOI)is assigned.Scientists can use a DOT to publish each step of the research life cycle, not just the final paper. In so doing, they can potentially get three citations- one each for the data and software.in addition to the paper itself. and although some say that citations for software or data have little currency in academia,they can have other benefits.[M] many advocates think that transparent data procedures with a date and time stamp will protect scientists from being scooped. "this is the sweet spot between sharing and getting credit for it. while discouraging plagiarism(剽窃). " says ivo grigorov, a project coordinator at the naional institute of aquatic resotResearch secreta - in charlottenlund, denmark. hogg says that scooping is less of a problem than many think. "the two cases i'm familiar with didn't involve open data or code, "he says.[N] Open science also offers junior researchers the chance to level the palying field by gaining better access to crucial date. ross mounce, a postdoc studying evolutionary biology at the university of cambrige,UK, is a vocal champion of open science, partly because his fossil others' data. he says that more openness in science could help to discourage what some perceive as a commom practice of shutting out early-career scientists' requests for data.[O] communication also helps for those who worry about jeopardizing a collaboration, hesays,Concems about open should be discussed at the outset of a study. "whenever you start a project with someone, you have to establish a clear understanding of expectations for who owns the data, at what point they go public and who can do what with them, he says.[p] in the end, sharing data, software and materials with colleagues can help an early -career researcher to gain recognition--a crucial component of success. "the thing you are searching for reputation" says titus brown,a genomics(基因组学) researcher at the university of Califomia, davis,."to get grants and jobs you have to be relevant and achieve some level of public recognition. anything you do that advances your presence- especially in a largerphere, outside the communities you know- is a net win."36. astronomer david hogg doesn't think scooping is as serious a problem as generally thought.37. some researchers are hesitant to make their data public for fear that others might publish something similar before them38. some psychology joumals have offered incentives to encourage authors to share their data.39. there is a growing demand in the science community that research data be open to the public.40. sharing data offers early-career researchers the chance to build a certain level of reputation41. data sharing enables scientists to publish each step of their research work, thus leading to more citations42. scientists hold different opinions about the extent and timing of data sharing43. potential problems related to data sharing should be made known to and discussed by all participants at the beginning of a joint research project44. sharing data and handling data-related issues can be time-consuming45. junior researehers may have no say when it comes to sharing data.Section cDirections: there are 2 passages in this section. each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements for each of them there are four choices marked a, b, c)and D) You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage oneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.In the beginning of the movie, robot, a robot has to decide whom to save after two cars plunge into the water-del spooner or a child. even though spooner screams"save her save her! "the robot rescues him because it calculates that he has a 45 percent chance of survival compared to sarah's 11 percent. the robot's decision and its calculated approach raise an important question:would humans make the same choice? and which choice would we want our robotic counterparts to make?Isaac asimov evaded the whole notion of morality in devising his three laws of robotics, which hold that 1. robots cannot harm humans or allow humans to come to harm; 2. robots must obey humans, except where the order would conflict with law i; and 3. robots must act inself-preservation, unless doing so conflicts with laws i or 2. these laws are programmed intoasimov's robots-they don' t have to think, judge, or value. they don't have to like humans or believe that wrong or bad. they simply don't do it.The robot who rescues spooner s life in / robot follows asimov's zeroth law: robots cannot harm humanity(as opposed to individual humansor allow humanity to come to harm--an expansion of the first law that allows robots to determine what's in the greater good. under the first law,a robot could not harm a dangerous gunman, but under the zeroth law, a robot could kill the gunman to save others.Whether it's possible to program a robot with safeguards such as asimov's laws is debatable a word such as"harm"is vague (what about emotional harm is replacing a human employ harm), and abstract concepts present coding problems. the robots in asimov's fiction expose complications and loopholes in the three laws, and even when the laws work, robots still have to assess situation.Assessing situations can be complicated. a robot has to identify the players, conditions, and possibe outcomes for various scenarios,Its doubtful that a computer program can do that-aleast, not without some undesirable results. a roboticist at the bristol robotics laboratory programmed a robot to save huroxies(5) called""from danger. when one h-boheaded for danger, the robot successfully pushed it out of the way. but when two h-bots became percent of the time, unable to decide which to save and letting them both"die. "the experiment highlights the importance of morality without it, how can a robotdecide whom to save or what's best for humanity, especially if it can't calculate survival odds?46. what question does the example in the movie raise?a) whether robots can reach better decisionsb) whether robots follow asimov's zero"d) how robots should be programmed.47. what does the author think of asimovs three laws of robotics?a) they are apparently divorced from reality.b)they did not follow the coding system of robotics.c)they laid a solid foundation for robotics.d) they did not take moral issues into consideration.48. what does the author say about asimov's robots?a they know what is good or bad for human beingsb)they are programmed not to hurt human begingsc)they perform duties in their owners'best interest.d)they stop working when a moral issue is involved.49. what does the author want to say by mentioning the word"harm"in asimov's laws?a)abstract concepts are hard to program.b) it is hard for robots to make decisionsc) robots may do harm in certain situationsd) asimov's laws use too many vague terms50. what has the roboticist at the bristol robotics laboratory found in his experiment.a）robots can be made as intelligent as human begings some dayb) robots can have moral issues encoded into their programc)robots can have trouble making decisions in complex scenarion.d)robots can be programmed to perceive potential perils.PassageTwoQuestions 5i to 55 are based on the following passage.Our world now moves so fast that we seldom stop to see just how fast we seldom stop to see just how far wu have come in just a few year.The latest iPone 6s,for example,has a dual-core proccssor and fite nicely into your pocket. by comparison, you would expect to find a technological specification like this on your tandard laptop in an office anywhere in the world.its no wonder shat new applications for the internet of things are moving ahcad fast when almost every new decice we buy has a plup on the eng of it or a wireless connection to the internet. Soon, our current smartphone lifestyle wilate our own smart home lifestyle too.All researches agree that close to 25 billion devices,things and sensors will be connected by 2020 which incidentally is also the moment that millennials(千禧一代) are expected to make up of ouroverall workforce, and the fully connected home . become a reality for large umbers of people worldwide.However this is just the tip of the proverbial iceberg as smart buildings and even cities increasingly become the norm as leaders and business owners begin to wake up to the massive savings that technology can deliver through connected sensors and new forms of automation coupled with ligent energy and facilities managemen.Online security cameras, intelligent lighting and a wealth of sensors that control both temperature and air quality are offering an unprecedented level of control, efficiency, and improvements to hat were once classed necessary costs when running a business or managing a large building.We can expect that the ever-growing list of devices, systems and environments remain connected,always online and talking to each other. the big benefit will not only be in the housing of this enormous and rapidly growing amount of data, but will also be in the ability to run real time data analytics to extract actionable and ongoing knowledge.The biggest and most exciting challenge of this technology is how to creatively leverage this ever-growing amount of data to deliver cost savings, improvements and tangible benefits to both businesses and citizens of these smart citiesThe good news is that most of this technology is already invented. let's face it, it wasn't too long ago that the idea of working from anywhere and at anytime was some form of a distant utopim(乌托邦式的) dream, and yet now we can perform almost any office-based task from any location in the world as long as we have access to the internet.it's time to wake up to the fact that making smart buildings, cities and homes will dramatically improve our quality of life in the years ahead.51.What does the example of iphone 6s serve to show?a)the huge capacity of the smartphones people now useb)the widespread use of smartphones all over the worldc)the huge impact of new technology on people's everyday life.d)the rapid technological progress in a very short period of time52. what can we expect to see by the year 2020?a)apps for the internet of thingsc)the emergence of millennialsb) the popularization of smart homes.d)total globalization of the world53. what will business owners do when they become aware of the benefits of the internet of things?a）employ fewer workers in their operationsb)gain automatic control of their businessec) invest in more smart buildings and citiesd)embrace whatever new technology there is54. what is the most exciting challenge when we possess more and more data?a) how to turn it to profitable usec)how to link the actionable systemsb)how to do real time data analysisd)how to devise new ways to store it.55. what does the author think about working from anywhere and at anytime?a)it is feasible with a connection to the internetb) it will thrive in smart buildings, cities and homesc) it is still a distant utopian dream for ordinary workersd)it will deliver tangible benefits to both boss and workerPart IVTranslation (30 minutes)Directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from chinese into English. you should write your answer on answer sheet 2.洞庭湖位于湖南省东北部，面积很大，但湖水很浅。

12月英语六级考试真题第二套Part I Writing （30minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should focus on the difficulty in acquiring useful information in spite of advanced information technology. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words．Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections : In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A., B., C. and. D., and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1. A. The restaurant offers some specials each day.B. The restaurant is known for its food varieties.C. The dressing makes the mixed salad very inviting.D. The woman should mix the ingredients thoroughly.2. A. He took over the firm from Mary. C. He failed to foresee major problems.B. He is running a successful business. D. He is opening a new consulting firm.3. A. Someone should be put in charge of office supplies.B. The man can leave the discs in the office cabinet.C. The man may find the supplies in the cabinet.D. The printer in the office has run out of paper.4. A. He has to use a magnifying glass to see clearly.B. The woman can use his glasses to read.C. He has the dictionary the woman wants.D. The dictionary is not of much help to him.5. A. Redecorating her office.B. Majoring in interior design.C. Seeking professional advice.D. Adding some office furniture.6. A. Problems in port management.B. Improvement of port facilities.C. Delayed shipment of goods.D. Shortage of container ships.7.A. Their boss. B. A colleague. C. Their workload. D. A coffee machine.8. A. Call the hotel manager for help.B. Postpone the event until a later date.C. Hold the banquet at a different place.D. Get an expert to correct the error.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9 .A. He shares some of the household duties.B. He often goes back home late for dinner.C. He cooks dinner for the family occasionally.D. He dines out from time to time with friends.10. A. To take him to dinner.B. To talk about a budget plan.C. To discuss an urgent problem.D. To pass on an important message.11. A. Foreign investors are losing confidence in India's economy.B. Many multinational enterprises are withdrawing from India.C. There are wild fluctuations in the international money market.D. There is a sharp increase in India's balance of payment deficit. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A. They have unrealistic expectations about the other half.B. They may not be prepared for a lifelong relationship.C. They form a more realistic picture of life.D. They try to adapt to their changing roles.13. A. He is lucky to have visited many exotic places.B. He is able to forget all the troubles in his life.C. He is able to meet many interesting people.D. He is lucky to be able to do what he loves.14.A. It is stressful. B. It is full of time. C. It is all glamour. D. It is challenging15. A. Bothered. B. Amazed. C. Puzzled. D. Excited.Section BDirections : In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A., B.,C. and D . Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A. Maintain the traditional organizational culture.B. Learn new ways of relating and working together.C. Follow closely the fast development of technology.D. Learn to be respectful in a hierarchical organization.17. A. How the team integrates with what it is supposed to serve.B. How the team is built to keep improving its performance.C. What type of personnel the team should be composed of.D. What qualifications team members should be equipped with.18. A. A team manager must set very clear and high objectives.B. Teams must consist of members from different cultures.C. Team members should be knowledgeable and creative.D. A team manager should develop a certain set of skills.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A. It is a platform for sharing ideas on teaching at the University of Illinois.B. It was mainly used by scientists and technical people to exchange text.C. It started off as a successful program but was unable to last long.D. It is a program allowing people to share information on the Web.20. A. He visited a number of famous computer scientists.B. He met with an entrepreneur named Jim Clark.C. He sold a program developed by his friends.D. He invested in a leading computer business.21. A. They had confidence in his new ideas.B. They trusted his computer expertise.C. They were very keen on new technology.D. They believed in his business connections.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A. Prestige advertising.B. Institutional advertising.C. Word of mouth advertising.D. Distributing free trial products.23. A. To sell a particular product.B. To build up their reputation.C. To promote a specific service.D. To attract high-end consumers.24. A. By using the services of large advertising agencies.B. By hiring their own professional advertising staff.C. By buying media space in leading newspapers.D. By creating their own ads and commercials.25. A. Decide on what specific means of communication to employ.B. Conduct a large-scale survey on customer needs.C. Specify the objectives of the campaign in detail.D. Pretest alternative ads or commercials in certain regions.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hoar a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just hoard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should chock what you have written.Extinction is difficult concept to grasp. It is an（26）concept. It's not at all like the killing of individual life forms that can be renewed through normal processes of reproduction. Nor is it simply（27）numbers. Nor is it damage that can somehow be remedied or for which some substitute can be found. Nor is it something that simply affects our own generation. Nor is it something that could be remedied by some supernatural power. It is rather an（28）and final act for which there is no remedy on earth or in heaven. A species once extinct is gone forever. However many generations （29)us in coming centuries, none of them will ever see this species that we extinguish. Not only are we bringing about the extinction of life（30）, we are also making the land and the air and the sea so toxic that the very conditions of life are being destroyed.（31）basic natural resources, not only are the nonrenewable resources being（32）in a frenzy ( 疯狂) of processing, consuming, and（33）, but we are also mining much of our renewable resources, such as the very soil itself on which terrestrial (地球上旳) life depends.The change that is taking place on the earth and in our minds is one of the greatest changes ever to take place in human affairs, perhaps the greatest, since what we are talking about is not simply another historical change or cultural （34）, but a change of geological and biological as well as psychological order of（35).Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making yourchoices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.It seems to be a law in the technology industry that leading companies eventually lose their positions, often quickly and brutally. Mobile phone champion Nokia, one of Europe's biggest technology success stories, was no（36）, losing its market share in just a few years.In , Nokia accounted for more than 40% of mobile phone sales（37）But consumers'preferences were already（38）toward touch-screen smart phones. With the introduction of Apple's phone in the middle of that year, Nokia's market share（39）rapidly and revenue plunged. By the end of , Nokia had sold its phone business to Microsoft.What sealed Nokia's fate was a series of decisions made by Stephen Elop in his position as CEO, which he（40）in October . Each day that Elop spent in charge of Nokia, the company's market value declined by $ 23 million, making him, by the numbers, one of the worst CEOs in history. But Elop was not the only person at（41）Nokia's board resisted change, making it impossible for the company to adapt to rapid shifts in the industry. Most（42）, Jorma Ollila, who had led Nokia's transition from an industrial company to a technology giant, was too fascinated by the company's（43）success to recognize the change that was needed to sustain its competitiveness. The company also embarked on a（44）cost-cutting program, which included the elimination of thousands of jobs. This contributed to the(45) of the company’s once-spirited culture.which had motivated employees to take risks and make miracles. Good leaders left the company, taking Nokia's sense of vision and directions with them. Not surprisingly, much of Nokia's most valuable design and programming talent left as well.A. assumedB. biasC. desperateD. deteriorationE. exceptionF. faultG. incidentallyH. notablyI. previousJ. relayedK. shiftingL. shrankM. subtleN. transmittingO. worldwideSection BDirections : In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.First-Generation College-Goers: Unprepared and Behind Kids who are the first in their families to brave the world of higher education come on campus with little academic know—how and are much more likely than their peers to drop out before graduation.[ A] When Nijay Williams entered college last fall as a first—generation student and Jamaican immigrant, he was academically unprepared for the rigors of higher education. Like many first—generation students, he enrolled in a medium-sized state university many of his high school peers were also attending, received a Pell Grant, and took out some small federal loans to cover other costs.Given the high price of room and board and the closeness of the school to his family, he chose to live at home and worked between 30 and 40 hours a week while taking a full class schedule.[ B] What Nijay didn't realize about his school—Tennessee State University—was its frighteningly low graduation rate: a mere 29 percent for its first-generation students. At the end of his first year, Nijay lost his Pell Grant of over $ 5,000 after narrowly missing the 2.0 GPA cut-off, making it impossible for him to continue paying for school.[ C ]Nijay represents a large and growing group of Americans: first—generation college students who enter school unprepared or behind. To make matters worse, these schools are ill-equipped to graduate these students—young adults who face specific challenges and obstacles. They typically carry financial burdens that outweigh those of their peers, are more likely to work while attending school, and often require significant academic remediation (补习).[ D ] Matt Rubinoff directs I'm First, a nonprofit organization launched last October to reach out to this specific population of students. He hopes to distribute this information and help prospective college-goers fad the best post-secondary fit. And while Rubinoff believes there are a good number of four—year schools that truly care about these students and set aside significant resources and programs for them, he says that number isn't high enough.[ E ] "It's not only the selective and elite institutions that provide those opportunities for a small subset of this population," Rubinoff said, adding that a majority of first-generation undergraduates tend toward options such as online programs, two—year colleges, and commuter state schools."Unfortunately, there tends to be a lack of information and support to help students think bigger and broader. "[ F] Despite this problem, many students are still drawn to these institutions--and two-year schools in particular. As a former high school teacher, I saw students choose familiar, cheaper options year after year. Instead of skipping out on higher education altogether, they chose community colleges or state schools with low bars for admittance.[ G]"They underestimate themselves when selecting a university," said Dave Jarrat, a marketing executive for InsideTrack, a for—profit organization that specializes in coaching low-income students and supporting colleges in order to help students thrive. "The reality of it is that a lot of low-income kids could be going to elite universities on a full ride scholarship and don't even realize it. "[ H] "Many students are coming from a situation where no one around them has the experience of successfully completing higher education, so they are coming in questioning themselves and their college worthiness," Jarrat continued. That helps explain why, as I'm First's Rubinoff indicated, the schools to which these students end up resorting can end up being some of the poorest matches for them. The University of Tennessee in Knoxville offers one example of this dilemma. A flagship university in the South, the school graduates just 16 percent of its first—generation students, despite its overall graduation rate of 71 percent. Located only a few hours apart, The University of Tennessee and Tennessee State are worth comparing. Tennessee State's overall graduation rate is a tiny 39 percent, but at least it has a smaller gap between the outcomes for first—generation students and those of their peers.[ I] Still, the University of Tennessee deserves credit for being transparent. Many large institutions keep this kind of data secret—or at least make it incredibly difficult to find The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, for instance, admits only that the graduation rate for its first—generation pupils is "much lower" than the percentage of all students who graduate within four years (81 percent).[ J] It is actually quite difficult to freed reliable statistics on the issue for many schools. Higher education institutions are, under federal law, required to report graduation rates, but these reports typically only include Pell recipient numbers —not necessarily rates specific to first—generation students. Other initiatives fail to break down the data, too. Imagine how intimidating it can be for prospective students unfamiliar with the complexities of higher education to navigate this kind of information and then identify which schools are the best fit.[ K] It was this lack of information that prompted the launch of I'm First in , originally as an ann. of its umbrella organization, the Center For Student Opportunity."If we can help to direct students to more of these types of campuses and help students to understand them to be realistic and accessible places, have them apply to these schools at greater frequency and ultimately get in and enroll, we are going to raise the success rate," Rubinoff said, citing a variety of colleges ranging from large state institutions to smaller private schools.[ L] Chelsea Jones, who now directs student programming at I'm First, was a first—generation college student at Howard. Like other student new to the intimidating higher—education world, she often struggled on her path to college, "There wasn't really a college—bound culture at my high school," she said. "I wanted to go to college but I didn't reallyknow the process. " Jones became involved with a college—access program through Princeton University in high school. Now, she attributesmuch of her understanding of college to that: "But once I got to campus, it was a completely different ball game that no one really prepared me for. "[ M] She was fortunate, though. Howard, a well—regarded historically black college, had an array of resources for its first—generation students, including matching kids with counselors, commenting first—generation students to one another, and TRIO, a national program that supported 200 students on Howard's campus. Still, Jones represents a small percentage of first-generation students who are able to gain entry into more elite universities, which are often known for robust financial aid packages and remarkably high graduation rates for first—generation students.(Harvard, for example, boasts a six—year graduation rate for underrepresented minority groups of 98 percent. ) [ N]Christian Vazquez, a first—generation Yale graduate, is another exception, his success story setting him far apart from students such as Nijay. "There is a lot of support at Yale, to an extent, after a while, there is too much support," he said, half—joking about the countless resources available at the school. Students are placed in small groups with counselors ( trained seniors on campus) ;they have access to cultural and ethnic affinity (联络) groups, tutoring centers and also have asummer orientation specifically for first—generation students ( the latter being one of the most common programs for students).[ O]"Our support structure was more like : ' You are going to get through Yale; you are going to do well,' " he said, hinting at mentors (导师), staff, and professors who all provided significant support for students who lacked confidence about "belonging" at such a top institution.46. Many first—generation college—goers have doubts about their abilities to get a college degree.47. First—generation college students tend to have much heavier financial burdens than their peers.48. The graduation rate of first—generation students at Nijay's university was incredibly low.49. Some top institutions like Yale seem to provide first—generation students with more support than they actually need.50. On entering college, Nijay Williams had no idea how challenging college education was.51. Many universities simply refuse to release their exact graduation rates for first-generation students.52. According to a marketing executive, many students from low-income families don't know they could have achance of going to an elite university.53. Some elite universities attach great importance to building up the first—generation students' serf—confidence.54. I'm First distributes information to help first-generation college-goers find schools that are most suitable for them.55. Elite universities tend to graduate fan’s-generation students at a higher rate.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D . You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Saying they can no longer ignore the rising prices of health care, some of the most influential medical groups in the nation are recommending that doctors weigh the costs, not just the effectiveness of treatments, as they make decisions about patient care. The shift, little noticed outside the medical establishment but already controversial inside it, suggests that doctors are starting to redefine their roles, from being concerned exclusively about individual patients to exerting influence on how healthcare dollars are spent. In practical terms, the new guidelines being developed could result in doctors choosing one drug over another for cost reasons or even deciding that a particular treatment—at the end of life, for example—is too expensive. In the extreme, some critics have said that making treatment decisions based on cost is a form of rationing. Traditionally, guidelines have heavily influenced the practice of medicine, and the latest ones are expected to make doctors more conscious of the economic consequences of their decisions, even though there's no obligation to follow them. Medical society guidelines are also used by insurancecomoanies to help determine reimbursement (报销) policies. Some doctors see a potential conflict in trying to be both providers of patient care and facial.Overseers. "There should be forces in society who should be concerned about the budget, but they shouldn't be functioning simultaneously as doctors," said Dr. Martin Samuels at a Boston hospital. He said doctors risked losing the trust of patients if they told patients, "I'm not going to do what I think is best for you because I think it's bad for the healthcare budget in Massachusetts. " Doctors can face some grim trade—offs. Studies have shown, for example, that two drugs are about equally effective in treating macular degeneration, and eye disease. But one costs $ 50 a dose and the other close to $ 2,000. Medicare could save hundreds of millions of dollars a year if everyone used the cheaper drug, Avastin, instead ofthe costlier one, Lucentis. But the Food and Drug Administration has not approved Avastin for use in the eye. and using it rather than the alternative, Lucentis, might carry an additional, although slight, safety risk. Should doctors consider Medicare's budget in deciding what to use?"I think ethically (在道德层面上) we are just worried about the patient in front of us and not trying to save money for the insurance industry or society as a whole," said Dr. Donald Jensen. Still, some analysts say that there's a role for doctors to play in cost analysis because not many others are doing so. "In some ways," said Dr. Daniel Sulmasy, "it represents a failure of wider society to take up the issue. "56. What do some most influential medical groups recommend doctors do?A. Reflect on the responsibilities they are supposed to take.B. Pay more attention to the effectiveness of their treatments.C. Take costs into account when making treatment decisions.D. Readjust their practice in view of the cuts in health care.57. What were doctors mainly concerned about in the past?A. Specific medicines to be used.B. Effects of medical treatment.C. Professional advancement.D. Patients' trust.58. What may the new guidelines being developed lead to?A. The redefining of doctors' roles.B. Overuse of less effective medicines.C. Conflicts between doctors and patients.D. The prolonging of patients' suffering.59. What risk do doctors see in their dual role as patient care providers and financial overseers?A. They may be involved in a conflict of interest.B. They may be forced to divide their attention.C. They may have to use less effective drugs.D. They may lose the respect of patients.60. What do some experts say about doctors' involvement in medical cost analysis?A. It may add to doctors' already heavy workloads.B. It will help to save money for society as a whole.C. It results from society's failure to tackle the problem.D. It raises doctors' awareness of their social responsibilities.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Economic inequality is the "defining challenge of our time," President Barack Obama declared in a speech last monthto the Center for American Progress. Inequality is dangerous, he argued, not merely because it doesn't look good to have a large gap between the rich and the poor, but because inequality itself destroys upward mobility, making it harder for the poor to escape from poverty. "Increased inequality and decreasing mobility pose a fundamental threat to the American Dream," he said. Obama is only the most prominent public figure to declare inequality Public Enemy No. 1 and the greatest threat to reducing poverty in America. A number of prominent economists have also argued that it's harder for the poor to climb the economic ladder today because the rungs (横档) in that ladder have grown farther apart.For all the new attention devoted to the 1 percent, a new dam set from the Equality of Opportunity Project at Harvard and Berkeley suggests that, if we care about upward mobility overall, we're vastly exaggerating the dangers of the rich—poor gap. Inequality itself is not a particularly strong predictor of economic mobility, as sociologist Scott Winship noted in a recent article based on his analysis of this data. So what factors, at the community level, do predict if poor children will move up the economic ladder as adtdts? what explains, for instance, why the Salt Lake City metro area is one of the 100 largest metropolitan areas most likely to lift the fortunes of the poor and the Atlanta metro area is one of the least likely?Harvard economist Raj Cherty has pointed to economic and racial segregation, community density, the size of a community's middle class, the quality of schools, commitments religiosity, and family structure, which he calls the "single strongest correlate of upward mobility. " Chetty finds that communities like Salt Lake City, with high levels of two-parent families and religiosity, are much more likely to see poor children get ahead than communities like Atlanta, with high levels of racial and economic segregation. Chetty has not yet issued a comprehensive analysis of the relative predictive power of each of these factors. Based on my analyses of the data. of the factors that Chetty has highlighted, the following three seem to be most predictive of upward mobility in a given community.1. Per-capita (人均) income growth2. Prevalence of single mothers ( where correlation is strong, but negative)3. Per-capita local government spending In other words, communities with high levels of per-capita income growth, high percentages of two-parent families, and high local government spending-which may stand for good schools-are the most likely to help poor children relive Horatio Alger's rags-to-riches story.61. How does Obama view economic inequality?A. It is the biggest obstacle to social mobility.B. It is the greatest threat to social stability.C. It is the No. 1 enemy of income growth.D. It is the most malicious social evil of our time.62. What do we learn about the inequality gap from Scott Winship's data analysis?。

2017年大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷及答案解析Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section A1. A) She wants to return the skirt her husband bought.B) She wants to buy another skirt.C) She wants to change the blue skirt for a yellow one.D) She wants to change the yellow skirt for a blue one.2. A) It’s too expensive.B) It isn’t needed.C) It should be built.D) A college would be better.3. A) Jack’s car was stolen.B) Jack sold his car.C) Jack bought a new car.D) Jack had a car accident.4. A) Some people pretend to know what they really don’t.B) What the woman said is true.C) What the woman said is wrong.D) He knows more than the woman does.5. A) The woman’s job is a librarian.B) Women’s rights in society.C) An important election.D) Career planning.6. A) She thinks it is easier said than done.B) She totally agrees with him.C) She feels that what he says is simply nonsense.D) She thinks that he is rather impolite person.7. A) To clean the yard.B) To weed the garden.C) To hire a gardener.D) To work in the flower beds.8. A) On the 6th of June.B) On the 8th of June.C) On the 9th of June.D) On the 19th of June.9. A) The man thinks the woman is wasting her time.B) The man thinks the woman should make full use of her time.C) The man is eager to know the woman’s answer.D) The man can wait and there is no need for her to hurry.10. A) To run into each other.B) To get bargains.C) To avoid the crowds.D) To join the crowds.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Because of their love for hobbies and pastimes.B) Because of their enthusiasm for sports.C) Because of their fear of heart attacks.D) Because of their strong desire for good health.12. A) It was decreasing.B) It was increasing.C) It remained almost unchanged.D) It was going up slowly.13. A) Those who have heart attacks.B) Those who have the desire to be physically fit.C) Those who have spare time.D) Those who have inactive jobs.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) In the white pages.B) In the blue pages.C) In the yellow pages.D) In a special section.15. A) On the first page of the telephone book.B) At the end of the telephone book.C) In the front of the white pages.D) Right after the white pages.16. A) Check your number and call again.B) Tell the operator what has happened.C) Ask the operator to put you through.D) Ask the operator what has happened.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) Its specialization in transporting small packages.B) The low cost of its service.C) Being the first airline to send urgent letters.D) Its modern sorting facilities.18. A) 10,000.B) 35.C) 130.D) 30.19. A) Because of its good airport facilities.B) Because of its location in the country.C) Because of its size.D) Because of its round-the-clock service.20. A) Its full-time staff.B) The postmen who work in Memphis.C) Students who work in their spare time.D) The staff members of the International Airport.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstandings between them. They have always complained, more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they are possessive and dominant that they do not trust their children to deal with crises; that they talk too much about certain problems and that they have no sense of humour, at least in parent-child relationships.I think it is true that parents often underestimate their teenage children and also forget how they themselves felt when young.Young people often irritate their parents with their choices in clothes and hairstyles, in entertainers and music. This is not their motive. They feel cut off from the adult world into which they have not yet been accepted. So they create a culture and society of their own. Then, if it turns out that their music or entertainers or vocabulary or clothes or hairstyles irritate their parents, this gives them additional enjoyment. They feel they are superior, at least in a small way, and that they are leaders in style and taste.Sometimes you are resistant, and proud because you do not want your parents to approve of what you do. If they did approve, it looks as if you are betraying your own age group. But in that case, you are assuming that you are the underdog: you can’t win but at least you can keep your honour. This is a passive way of looking at things. It is natural enough after long years of childhood, when you were completely under your parents’ control. But it ignores the fact that you are now beginning to be responsible for yourself.If you plan to control your life, co-operation can be part of that plan. You can charm others, especially parents, into doing things the ways you want. You can impress others with your sense of responsibility and initiative, so that they will give you the authority to do what you want to do.21. The author is primarily addressing ________.A) parents of teenagersB) newspaper readersC) those who give advice to teenagersD) teenagers22. The first paragraph is mainly about ________.A) the teenagers’ criticism of their parentsB) misunderstandings between teenagers and their parentsC) the dominance of the parents over their childrenD) the teenagers’ ability to deal with crises23. Teenagers tend to have strange clothes and hairstyles because they ________.A) want to show their existence by creating a culture of their ownB) have a strong desire to be leaders in style and tasteC) have no other way to enjoy themselves betterD) want to irritate their parents24. Teenagers do not want their parents to approve of whatever they do because they________.A) have already been accepted into the adult worldB) feel that they are superior in a small way to the adultsC) are not likely to win over the adultsD) have a desire to be independent25. To improve parent-child relationships, teenagers are advised to be ________.A) obedientB) responsibleC) co-operativeD) independentQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The long years of food shortage in this country have suddenly given way to apparent abundance. Stores and shops are choked with food.Rationing (定量供应) is virtually suspended, and overseas suppliers have been asked to hold back deliveries. Yet, instead of joy, there is widespread uneasiness and confusion. Why do food prices keep on rising, when there seems to be so much more food about? Is the abundance only temporary, or has it come to stay? Does it mean that we need to think less now about producing more food at home? No one knows what to expect.The recent growth of export surpluses on the world food market has certainly been unexpectedly great, partly because a strange sequence of two successful grain harvests. North America is now being followed by a third. Most of Britain’s overseas suppliers of meat, too, are offering more this year and home production has also risen.But the effect of all this on the food situation in this country has been made worse by a simultaneous rise in food prices, due chiefly to the gradual cutting down of government support for food. The shops are overstocked with food not only because there is more food available, but also because people, frightened by high prices, are buying less of it.Moreover, the rise in domestic prices has come at a time when world prices have begun to fall, with the result that imported food, with the exception of grain, is often cheaper than the home-produced variety. And now grain prices, too, are falling. Consumers are beginning to ask why they should not be enabled to benefit from this trend.The significance of these developments is not lost on farmers. The older generation have seen it all happen before. Despite the present price and market guarantees, farmers fear they are about to be squeezed between cheap food imports and a shrinking home market. Present production is running at 51 per cent above pre-war levels, and the government has called for an expansion to 60 per cent by 1956; but repeated Ministerial advice is carrying little weight and the expansion programme is not working very well. 26. Why is there “wide-spread uneasiness and confusion about the food situation inBritain?”A) The abundant food supply is not expected to last.B) Britain is importing less food.C) Despite the abundance, food prices keep rising.D) Britain will cut back on its production of food.27. The main reason for the rise in food prices is that ________.A) people are buying less foodB) the government is providing less financial support for agricultureC) domestic food production has decreasedD) imported food is driving prices higher28. Why didn’t the government’s expansion programme work very well?A) Because the farmers were uncertain about the financial support the governmentguaranteed.B) Because the farmers were uncertain about the benefits of expanding production.C) Because the farmers were uncertain about whether foreign markets could befound for their produce.D) Because the older generation of farmers were strongly against the programmer.29. The decrease in world food price was a result of ________.A) a sharp fall in the purchasing power of the consumersB) a sharp fall in the cost of food productionC) the overproduction of food in the food-importing countriesD) the overproduction on the part of the main food-exporting countries30. What did the future look like for Britain’s food production at the time this articlewas written?A) The fall in world food prices would benefit British food producers.B) An expansion of food production was at hand.C) British food producers would receive more government financial support.D) It looks depressing despite government guarantees.Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.It is hard to predict how science is going to turn out, and if it is really good science it is impossible to predict. If the things to be found are actually new, they are by definition unknown in advance. You cannot make choices in this matter. You either have science or you don’t, and if you have it you are obliged to accept the surprising and disturbing pieces of information, along with the neat and promptly useful bits.The only solid piece of scientific truth about which I feel totally confident is that we are profoundly ignorant about nature. Indeed, I regard this as the major discovery of the past hundred years of biology. It is, in its way, an illumination piece of news. It would have amazed the brightest minds of the 18th century Enlightenment (启蒙运动) to be told by any of us how little we know and how bewildering seems the way ahead. It is this sudden confrontation with the depth and scope of ignorance that represents the most significant contribution of the 20th century science to the human intellect. In earlier times, we either pretended to understand how things worked or ignored the problem, or simply made up stories to fill the gaps. Now that we have begun exploring in earnest, we are getting glimpses of how huge the questions are, and how far from being answered. Because of this, we are depressed. It is not so bad being ignorant if you are totally ignorant; the hard thing is knowing in some detail the reality of ignorance, the worst spots and here and there the not-so-bad spots, but no true light at the end of the tunnel nor even any tunnels that can yet be trusted.But we are making a beginning, and there ought to be some satisfaction. There are probably no questions we can think up that can’t be answered, sooner or later, including even the matter of consciousness. To be sure, there may well be questions we can’t think up, ever, and therefore limits to the reach of human intellect, but that is another matter. Within our limits, we should be able to work our way through to all our answers, if we keep at it long enough, and pay attention.31. According to the author, really good science ________.A) would surprise the brightest minds of the 18th century EnlightenmentB) will produce results which cannot be foreseenC) will help people to make the right choice in advanceD) will bring about disturbing results32. It can be inferred from the passage that scientists of the 18th century ________.A) thought that they knew a great deal and could solve most problems of scienceB) were afraid of facing up to the realities of scientific researchC) knew that they were ignorant and wanted to know more about natureD) did more harm than good in promoting man’s understanding of nature33. Which of the following statements is NOT true of scientists in earlier times?A) They invented false theories to explain things they didn’t understand.B) They falsely claimed to know all about nature.C) They did not believe in results from scientific observation.D) They paid little attention to the problems they didn’t understand.34. What is the author’s attitude towards science?A) He is depressed because of the ignorance of scientists.B) He is doubtful because of the enormous difficulties confronting it.C) He is confident though he is aware of the enormous difficulties confronting it.D) He is delighted because of the illuminating scientific findings.35. The author believes that ________.A) man can find solutions to whatever questions concerning nature he can think upB) man can not solve all the problems he can think up because of the limits ofhuman intellectC) sooner or later man can think up all the questions concerning nature and answerthemD) questions concerning consciousness are outside the scope of scientific researchD Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Greenspace facilities are contributing to an important extent to the quality of the urban environment. Fortunately it is no longer necessary that every lecture or every book about this subject has to start with the proof of this idea. At present, it is generally accepted, although more as a self-evident statement than on the base of a closely-reasoned scientific proof. The recognition of the importance of greenspaces in the urban environment is a first step on the right way, this does not mean, however, that sufficient details are known about the functions of greenspace in towns and about the way in which the inhabitants are using these spaces. As to this rather complex subject I shall, within the scope of this lecture, enter into one aspect only, namely the recreative function of greenspace facilities.The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and recreation which for many years has been used in town-and-country planning, has in my opinion resulted in disproportionate attention for forms of recreation far from home, whereas there was relatively little attention for improvement of recreative possibilities in the direct neighbourhood of the home. We have come to the conclusion that this is not right, because an important part of the time which we do not pass in sleeping or working, is used for activities at and around home. So it is obvious that recreation in the open air has to begin at the street-door of the house. The urban environment has to offer as many recreation activities as possible, and the design of these has to be such that more obligatory activities can also have a recreative aspect.The very best standard of living is nothing if it is not possible to take a pleasantwalk in the district, if the children cannot be allowed to play in the streets, because the risks of traffic are too great, if during shopping you can nowhere find a spot for enjoying for a moment the nice weather, in short, if you only feel yourself at home after the street-door of your house is closed after you.36. According to the author, the importance of greenspaces in the urban environment________.A) is still unknownB) is usually neglectedC) is being closely studiedD) has been fully recognized37. The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and recreation has led to________.A) the disproportion of recreation facilities in the neighbourhoodB) the location of recreation facilities far from homeC) relatively little attention for recreative possibilitiesD) the improvement of recreative possibilities in the neighbourhood38. The author suggests that the recreative possibilities of green space should beprovided ________.A) in special areasB) in the suburbsC) in the neighbourhood of the houseD) in gardens and parks39. According to the author, greenspace facilities should be designed in such a way that________.A) more obligatory activities might take on a recreative aspectB) more and more people might have access to themC) an increasing number of recreative activities might be developedD) recreative activities might be brought into our homes40. The main idea of this passage is that ________.A) better use of greenspace facilities should be made so as to improve the quality ofour lifeB) attention must be directed to the improvement of recreative possibilitiesC) the urban environment is providing more recreation activities than it did manyyears agoD) priority must be given to the development of obligatory activitiesPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)41. Tom ________ better than to ask Dick for help.A) shall knowB) shouldn’t knowC) has knownD) should have known42. The magician picked several persons ________ from the audience and asked themto help him with the performance.A) by accidentB) at randomC) on occasionD) on average43. Water enters into a great variety of chemical reactions, ________ have beenmentioned in previous pages.A) a few of itB) a few of thatC) a few of themD) a few of which44. They’ll have you ________ if you don’t pay your taxes.A) to be arrestedB) arrestC) arrestedD) being arrested45. There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone ________ me thatevening.A) had interruptedB) would have interruptedC) to have interruptedD) to interrupted46. Despite their good service, most inns are less costly than hotels of ________standards.A) equivalentB) alikeC) uniformD) likely47. ________ for your help, we’d never have been able to get over the difficulties.A) Had it notB) If it were notC) Had it not beenD) If we had not been48. Some people either ________ avoid questions of right and wrong or remain neutralabout them.A) violentlyB) enthusiasticallyC) sincerely yoursD) deliberately49. There is no easy solution to Japan’s labour ________.A) declineB) vacancyC) rarityD) shortage50. I’m sure your suggestion will ________ the problem.A) contribute to solvingB) contribute to solveC) be contributed to solveD) be contributed to solving51. I left for the office earlier than usual this morning ________ traffic jam.A) in line withB) for the sake ofC) in case ofD) at the risk of52. Some areas, ________ their severe weather conditions, are hardly populated.A) due toC) but forD) with regard to53. The new washing machines are ________ at the rate of fifty a day.A) turned upB) turned downC) turned outD) turned in54. On turning the corner, we saw the road ________ steeply.A) departingB) descendingC) decreasingD) depressing55. The managing director took the ________ for the accident, although it was notreally his fault.A) guiltB) blameC) chargeD) accusation56. Once they had fame, fortune, secure futures; ________ is utter poverty.A) now that all is leftB) now all that is leftC) now all which is leftD) now all what is left57. The shop-assistant was straight with his customers. If an article was of ________quality he’d tell them so.A) humbleB) inferiorC) minorD) awkward58. His tastes and habits ________ with those of his wife.A) combineC) coincideD) compromise59. The branches could hardly ________ the weight of the fruit.A) retainB) sustainC) maintainD) remain60. With all its advantages, the computer is by no means without its ________.A) boundariesB) restraintsC) confinementsD) limitations61. Visitors are asked to ________ with the regulations.A) contrastB) consultC) complyD) conflict62. He ________ so much work that he couldn’t really do it efficiently.A) put onB) turned onC) brought onD) took on63. ________ should any money be given to a small child.A) On no accountB) From all accountsC) Of no accountD) By all accounts64. Without facts, we cannot form a worthwhile opinion for we need to have factualknowledge ________ our thinking.A) which to be based onB) which to base uponC) upon which to baseD) to which to be based65. ________ that they may eventually reduce the amount of labor needed onconstruction sites by 90 percent.A) so clever are the construction robotsB) so clever the construction robots areC) such construction robots are cleverD) such clever construction robots are66. All flights ________ because of the storm, they decided to take the train.A) having canceledB) having been canceledC) were canceledD) have been canceled67. The microscope can ________ the object 100 times in diameter.A) magnifyB) increaseC) developD) multiply68. Language belongs to each one of us, to the flower-seller ________ to the professor.A) as much asB) as far asC) the same asD) as long as69. We ________ Edison’s success to his intelligence and hard work.A) subjectB) attributeC) oweD) refer70. She once again went through her composition carefully to ________ all spellingmistakes from it.A) withdrawB) diminishC) abandonD) eliminatePart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word,add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the correctionsin the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write thecorrect word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put aninsertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in theblank. If you delete a word, cross it and put a slash (/) in the blank. Example:Part V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition write a composition based on the graph below.Outline:1. Rise and fall of the rate of car accident as indicated by the graph;2. Possible reason(s) for the decline of car accidents in the city;3. Your predictions of what will happen this year.加一个图表Your composition should be no less than 120 words and you should quote as few figures as possible.2017年六级参考答案Part I72. because → although73. nineteen → nineteenth74. that → what75. aroused → arose76. like → as/being77. complicated → simple78. (consist) → (consist) of79. that → which80. not → /作文范文：The graph shows the changing rate of car accidents in Walton city in 1990. The first two months of 1990 showed an increasing trend. The rate rose to 32 in March but fell to 26 in June. From June on the rate was rising again and reached the peak point 39 in August. After August the rate began to decline, and eventually dropped to the lowest point 16 at the end of the year.The highest rate in August was due to unfavorable weather conditions. Humidity and high temperature make drivers impatient, which easily leads to car accidents. The high rate in the first half of 1990 was also caused by the bad weather condition. In Walton City the excessive rain comes at early spring. The rain made road slippery, which often resulted in car accidents.This year the pattern is expected to change. The city government has raised fund to improve the road condition. Two new roads will be finished at the beginning of this year and are expected to open to traffic soon. Furthermore, the new road regulation provides that in summer every car must be air-conditioned. With all these precautions, I’m sure that the rate of car accidents will be much lower this year.。

历年英语六级考试真题（完整版）一、听力理解（一）短篇新闻1. 2019年6月真题：关于全球变暖对珊瑚礁的影响的研究报道。

2. 2018年12月真题：介绍了一项关于城市绿化对居民心理健康积极作用的研究。

3. 2018年6月真题：报道了某国航空公司推出新型环保飞机的消息。

（二）长对话1. 2019年6月真题：两位同学讨论如何提高英语口语水平。

2. 2018年12月真题：两位朋友谈论关于职业规划的见解。

3. 2018年6月真题：两位同事讨论如何应对工作压力。

（三）听力篇章2. 2018年12月真题：一篇关于如何培养孩子独立性的文章。

3. 2018年6月真题：一篇关于时间管理的讲座。

二、阅读理解（一）词汇理解1. 2017年12月真题：一篇关于网络购物趋势的文章，考察考生对特定词汇的理解。

2. 2017年6月真题：一篇关于太空探索的文章，测试考生对科普类词汇的掌握。

3. 2016年12月真题：一篇关于环保生活方式的文章，涉及日常生活词汇的辨析。

（二）长篇阅读1. 2019年6月真题：一篇关于数字货币发展的深度报道，要求考生分析文章结构和主旨。

2. 2018年12月真题：一篇关于共享经济对社会影响的分析文章，考察考生的信息提取能力。

3. 2018年6月真题：一篇关于青少年心理问题的研究论文，要求考生理解并概括文章观点。

（三）仔细阅读1. 2017年12月真题：一篇关于职场沟通技巧的论述文章，考生需分析作者观点并进行推理。

2. 2017年6月真题：一篇关于文化差异对国际交流影响的文章，考察考生的批判性思维能力。

3. 2016年12月真题：一篇关于教育改革的评论文章，要求考生对作者观点进行评价。

三、完型填空1. 2019年6月真题：一篇关于团队合作与领导力的文章，考生需在理解文章内容的基础上，填入合适的词语。

2. 2018年12月真题：一篇关于低碳生活倡议的文章，考察考生对语境的理解和词语搭配能力。

3. 2018年6月真题：一篇关于网络成瘾问题的文章，考生需根据上下文填入恰当的词汇。

2017年12月英语六级听力原文（第二套）Conversation-1W: You are going to give a short speech of thanks for the speaker this evening, aren’t you, Bill?M: Yes.W: You don’t sound very enthusiastic. It’s not that bad, is it?M: No, I don’t mind, really. But I can never for get the first speech of thanks I did.W: Why? What happened?M: Well, I was in my early twenties. I joined the local history society.W: Yes?M: Anyway, I went along to a lecture by a Miss Bligh.W: Oh. Do go on.M: She was going to talk with slides about our town in the mid-18th century. She had just published a book on the subject which was reckoned to be quite good. So I went along. When I arrived, the secretary asked me if I could give the speech of thanks. Rather stupidly, I said yes.W: We’ve all don e it.M: Anyway, from that point on, I was scared. What should I say? I decided to make notes during the lecture and refer to interesting parts and thank her on behalf of the society. In fact, by the time Miss Bligh stood up to talk, I was feeling much better. But she was so nervous that she kept forgetting what to say, and she spoke almost in a whisper. People at the back kept calling out “We can’t hear.” It was embarrassing.W: I can imagine it.M: At least the slides were good, that is, until the bulb in the projector blew. And she had to finish her talk with no illustrations.W: So what did you say in your speech of thanks?M: What can you say? You have be polite. I mentioned the interesting facts, referred to the excellent slides, and the finished by sa ying “We’d all like to thank Miss Bligh for blowing out her slides.”W: Oh, no.M: I felt terrible. I tried to apologize, not very successfully.W: And the speech of thanks this evening?M: I’ll write down exactly what I’m going to say and read it careful ly.1. What is the man asked to do this evening?2. What do we learn about the man?3. What does the man say about Miss Bligh?4. What does the man say about the first time he gave a speech of thanks?Conversation-2W: Another cup of tea, Paul?M: No, than ks. Well, what’s new, Laurie?W: Nothing dramatic. But there is something you should know about.M: What’s that?W: Well, our rivals are offering extended credit terms to some of the retailers in the area.M: Oh? Which rival is this? We only have two.W: Barratts Company.M: Oh, them. Well, they are hardly a threat.W: I know they are smaller than us, but we can’t afford to ignore them.M: Yes, you are right, Laurie. But I don’t like extended credit. It ties up cash we could put to better use elsewhere. But, I’ll look into it on Monday.W: Yes. And there is something else.M: Don’t tell me! The letter from the tax revenue office?W: Right. How did you know?M: Tara told me. What’s the problem?W: Well. Tome got this letter late yesterday and then went franti c trying to find copies of last year’s accounts.M: Did he find them?W: No. And he was away before I could get hold of the letter.M: How about a drive down to the office now? And we’ll see if everything’s all right. There’s another reason why I wanted a chat with you before Monday.W: I thought as much. Well, go on. Surprise me.M: How about selling that new motorcycle of yours in Indonesia?W: What? You mean export? Paul, I think you’ve been away too long. This is Jayal Motors. We’ve never sold a bike abroad.M: Don’t worry, Laurie. I’m not crazy. I’ve been studying the possibility and I think we should give it a go.W: It’s not as easy as that, though, is it? We’ll have to reorganize the whole company.M: Don’t be silly. I don’t intend starting next week. We’d have to plan it properly. Of course, there will be a few problems.W: A few problems? I can see hundreds. For one thing, transport. I have enough trouble delivering bikes to shops only 40 miles away, never mind 5,000 miles!M: That’s what forwardin g agents are for.5. What does the woman think the man should know?6. What does the woman think of Barrats Company.7. What did the woman say about the letter from the tax revenue office?8. What is the man think of doing?Passage 1A report on sleep and nutrition released this month found that people who consistently went to bed earlier than 11 p.m. took in fewer calories and ate more healthy food. In contrast, “night owls” who go to bed between 11 p.m. and 3 a.m. tend to consume more coffee, alcohol, refined sugars and processed meats than early risers. This report corresponds with the existing scientific literature on bedtime and wellness. The relationship between geeing more sleep and making better food choices is well-documented. A study published last year in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that people who sleep more tend to eat less unhealthy food than their peers who don’t get much rest. And a 2015 study from the University of California, Berkeley, found that teens who go to bed late are more likely to gain weight over a five-year period. As a group, “night owls” types tend to eat less healthy food and take in more calories overall than early risers. The later o ne goes to bed, the more calories one records the next day. As yet a challenge to explain the cause-and-effect relationship between sleep and nutrition, there may be a third factor that impacts both of them. Or the relationship could be reversed, that is, people who eat less fall asleep earlier. Still, if late sleepers want to lose a few pounds, they can go to bed earlier than they usually do, thereby, reducing their chance of taking snacks before bedtime.9.What do we learn about the report released this month?10. What does the study from the University of California, Berkeley, find about teens who go to bed late?11. What should “night owls” do to reduce their consumption of unhealthy food?Passage 2Researchers have found not just a diversity problem in Hollywood but actually an inclusion crisis. With less than a week before an Oscars ceremony that has already been criticized for an all-whit list of acting nominees, a study shows the film industry does worse than television. Just 3.4 percent of film directors were female, and only 7 percent of films has cast whose balance of race and ethnicity reflected the country’s diversity. When researches looked at all TV shows, they also found that women of color over 40 were regarded as “largely invisible” and just 22 percent of TV series creators were female. Overall, the study found half the films and TV shows had no Asian speaking characters and more than one-fifth of them had no black characters with dialogue. The film industry still functions as a straight, whit, boy’s club. When looking a thow women are depicted, the study found female characters were four times more likely to be shown in sexy clothing and nearly four times as likely to be referred to as physically attractive. But their results also indicated films and TV shows with women or people of color in the important jobs behind the scenes—director, producer or writer—tended to have better diversity numbers. Across TV and film, the underrepresentation of non-white characters falls mostly on Hispanics. Among more than 10,000 characters, proportions of white, black and Asian characters came close to U.S. population figures. But Hispanics were just 5.8 percent of characters, despite being about 17 percent of the U.S. population.12. Why has the Oscars ceremony been criticized?13. What do we learn from the research?14. Who are r egarded as “largely invisible” on TV shows?15. What does the speaker say about Hispanic?Lecture 1When purchasing life insurance, there are many important factors to consider. One should buy the policies that give the most protection at the least cost, e nsure the right family members, and consider the family’s financial needs. It is important to buy the insurance from companies that are financially sound and that are represented by honest, well-trained agents. At various stages in a person’s life, differe nt kinds of life insurance are needed for particular situations. Jerry is single and has no dependents. Probable the only life insurance he needs is enough to cover his debts and burial expenses. Insurance can be purchased at a lower rate during the young years, but by buying while young, the premiums are paid in for a longer period of time. In the end, the amount paid for premium is about the same. A person shouldn’t buy insurance protection that really isn’t necessary. Suppose that Jerry marries Jeannette, who is a college graduate and is working. Perhaps enough insurance would be needed to cover their debts and burial expenses. Now, Jeanette has quit work and their first child is on the way. They have purchased a home with a small down payment and a 30-year mortgage. The situation regarding life insurance takes on a different look. There are dependents who need financial protection. How much insurance is needed? As the family increase in size, it is essential to add more insurance on the breadwinner to protect the dependents. When the children are young and depend upon the family for financial need, families with modest incomes have difficulty providing enough life insurance to protect the mother and the children. Families with modest incomes should insure the breadwinner or breadwinners first. When considering the amount of insurance for the mother with dependent children, substitute child care is a need that should be planned for until the children can care for themselves. The death of a small child would have no effect upon the income of the family. Perhaps a policy to meet funeral expenses would sufficient for the young child, although most people do not take out insurance on their young children. As the children become financially independent of the family, the emphasis on family financial security will shift from protection to saving for the retirement years. Every family situation is different, but it is important that each family give adequate thought to planning its financial future.16. What life insurance should a singe person buy, according to the speaker?17. What should people do as their family increases in size?18. When should one change their life insurance?Lecture 2“Stereotype” may sound like a bad word, but there’s nothing bad about it. For one thing, stereotypes are often accurate. When you ask people about their concept of stereotypes, they get it pretty much right. Also, stereotypes are often positive, particularly of groups that we ourselves belong to. Some of the statistical generalizations may be positive as some groups have reputations for being smart, for being loyal, for being brave, for all sorts of things that are not at all negative. And so there’s nothing inherently wrong abut stereotypes.But there are problems with stereoty pes. For one thing, they’re reliable insofar as they’re based on unbiased samples. But a lot of the information we get about human groups is through biased sources like how they’re represented in the media. And if these sources don’t give you an accurate depiction, your stereotype won’t be accurate.For example, many Jews have been troubled by Shakespeare’s depiction of Shylock. If the only Jew you know is Shakespeare’s Shylock, it’s going to be a very bad impression. So one problem with stereotypes is whil e we are good at drawing conclusions from them, often our information isn’t reliable.A second problem is that stereotypes, regardless of whether or not they’re accurate, can have a negative effect on the people that they apply to. And this is what psychologist, Claude Steele, described as stereotype threat. He has a vivid example of this. Here’s how to make African-Americans do worse on a math test. You have the test and you put on the test that they have to identify their race. The very act of acknowledging that they are African-Americans when given a test ignites in them thoughts of their own stereotype which is negative regarding academics and that makes them do worse. Want to know how to make a woman do worse on a math test? Same thing, get her to write down her sex.One recent study found a sort of clever twist on this. When Asian-American women are given a test and they’re asked to mark down their race, they do better than they would otherwise do. They’re reminded of a positive stereotype that boosts their morale. You ask them, on the other hand, to mark down their sex, they do worse because they are reminded of a negative stereotype. That’s an example of how stereotypes have a potentially damaging effect on people.19. What does the speaker say about stereotype?20. What lead to the bias of stereotype?21. What does the speaker say is a problem with stereotypes?22. What did one recent study find about stereotype?Lecture 3Sometimes when you take a common drug, you may have a side effect. That is, the drug may cause some effect otherthan its intended one. When these side effects occur, they are called adverse reactions. Whenever you have an adverse reaction, you should stop taking the drug right away. Ask your pharmacist whether he can suggest a drug that will relieve the symptoms but that will not cause the adverse reaction. If an adverse reaction to a drug is serious, consult your doctor for advice at once.Drugs that are safe in the dosage stated on the label may be very dangerous in large dose. For example, aspirin is seldom thought of as dangerous, but there are many reports of accidental poisoning of young children who take too many aspirin pills as well as the possible development of Reye syndrome in children with flu. In adults, excessive used of some pain-killing drugs may cause serve kidney damage. Some drugs for relief of stomach upsets, when taken in excess, can perhaps cause serious digestive problems. You should never use any over-the-counter drug on a regular, continued basis, or in large q uantities, except on your doctor’s advice. You could be suffering from a serious illness that needs a doctor’s care.Each drug you take not only acts on the body but may also alter the effect of any other drug you are taking. Sometimes, this can cause dangerous or even fatal reactions. For example, aspirin increases the blood-thinning effects of drugs given to patients with heart disease. Therefore, a patient who has been taking such a drug may risk bleeding if her or she uses aspirin for a headache. Before using several drugs together you should ask your doctor and follow his advice. Your pharmacist can tell you whether certain drugs can safely be taken together.Alcohol may increase the effect of a drug—sleeping pills combine with alcohol to produce a sleepy feeling. When taking any drug, you should ask your doctor whether drinking alcohol could be dangerous in combination with the medicine.Experts believe there is a relationship between adult abuse of legitimate medicines and the drug culture has swept our country. You can do your shar to reduce the chances that your children will become part of the drug culture by treating all medicines with respect. Always let your children know that medicines and drugs should not be used carelessly.23. What does the speaker say you should do when you have an adverse reaction?24. What does the speaker say about alcohol drinking?25. What does the speaker call on parents to do at the end of the talk?。

精选全文完整版2017年12月大学英语六级真题及答案解析（全三套）六级听力第一套：Section AConversation 1M: And now, for the lighter side of the news, Europe is setting an example for the rest of the world when it comes to food waste.W: That’s right John. This week the Italian government pass legislation that aims to dramatically reduce the amount of food wasted in the country. New laws have been put into place that would make it easier for farms and supermarkets to donate unsold foods to those who are in need.M: Yes. And in addition to this, businesses would now be rewarded for successful efforts to cut food waste.W: Italy is not the only country to focus on reducing food waste. Just earlier this year, the European Parliament voted in favor of legislation that would stop grocery giants from unfair trading practices that result in overproduction, thus creating waste.M: In France, the government has banned supermarkets from throwing away edible foods and imposed harsh penalties on businesses that fail to comply with the regulations.W: While there is still much progress to be made, other countries could learn a thing or two from the example set by France and Italy. In the United States, up to forty percent of all food goes uneaten. Despite the fact that one in seven American households lacks regular access to good food, one major cause of this problem is the confusion over food expiration labels, which are currently not regulated by the government.M: All this could change soon. This wave of new laws in Europe will definitely put more pressure on law makers to reduce food waste here. We turn now to a spokesperson from Harvard University’s Food Law and Policy Clinic for more on the story. And now, let’s welcome Prof. Edward Becker to speak to us.Q1: What does the woman say about the new laws in Italy?Q2: What did the European Parliament do reduce food waste?Q3: What has the French government done recently?Q4: What is the major cause of food waste in the United States?Q1. C) They facilitate the donation of unsold foods to the needy.Q2. B) It passed a law aiming to stop overproduction.Q3. D) It has banned supermarkets from dumping edible foods.Q4. A) The confusion over food expiration labels.Conversation 2M: Thank you for calling Saks Fifth Avenue department store. How can I be of assistance to you today?W: Hello. I was in your store this past weekend and bought a few items. Yesterday, my friend told me that the annual anniversary sales had begun. It turned out she bought the same sweater as I did but for a much lower price.M: Yes. Our anniversary sale started on Monday. We do offer price adjustments within seven days of purchase to ensure our customer satisfaction. You said you did the purchase here this past weekend?W: Yes. I was shopping in your store last Sunday afternoon.M: That would definitely fall within the price adjustment window. Do you have an account with us? We can credit your account directly with the difference if you wish. Otherwise we can send a gift card by mail if you prefer.W: Crediting my account would be wonderful. Thank you. Now that you mention there's a sale going on, I do remember a dress I quite like when I was in the shop on Sunday. Is it on offer as well?M: Yes, ma'am. All the new arrivals are 15-20% off. In addition to the sale, we're running a promotion for complimentary tailoring if you need it.W: That's a good news. The dress really caught my eye but I did have some concerns about the length. How long will the alterations take?M: Our tailoring department guarantees alterations to be completed within five working days. If you like I can set one aside for you. If you're able to come this afternoon, you can give your name to the sale manager and they will be able to assist you.Q5. What do we learn about Saks department store?Q6. What does the man say Saks department store offers?Q7. What does the woman want the store to do to address the price difference?Q8. What is the service Saks department store offers in addition to the promotional sale?Q5. B) It has just launched its annual anniversary sales.Q6. D) Price adjustments within seven days of purchase.Q7. C) Credit it to her account.Q8. D) Complimentary tailoring.Section BPassage 1Barbie dolls have a particular look to them. They’re thin, tall, long-legged and virtually unlike any real human being. Although over the years Barbie has had more than 180 differentcareers-including football coach, sign language teacher, ambassador, president and astronaut–her body shape hasn’t changed much.Last year Mattel, the company that makes Barbie dolls, added some Barbies to its line that have different skin tones and hair textures. There are now Barbies with one of seven skin tones, 22 eye colours and 24 hair styles to choose from. Last year Mattel also gave Barbie a flat foot, rather than forcing her to be “in heels” all the time like the original Barbie is.Now they are introducing new Barbies with three slightly different body shapes while the original, tall and thin Barbies will continue to be sold.In a statement on its website, the company says it wants Barbies to look more like real people, and to give girls everywhere infinitely more ways to spark their imagination and play out their stories.Although many people say the new Barbies are a step in the right direction, some people say they don’t go far enough. They say that the new body shapes could be even more different from the original, tall, thin Barbies.Sales of Barbie dolls have been falling “every year since 2012,” according to CBC News.The toys aren’t in stores yet but they will be sold online at the Barbie website, starting this week, for $9.99.Q9. What do we know about the original Barbie dolls?Q10. Why do some people feel unsatisfied with the new Barbie dolls?Q11. Where will the new Barbie dolls be sold first?Q9. A. They are thin, tall, and unlike real human beings.Q10. D. Their body shapes have not changed much.Q11. C. On the Internet.Passage 2The earliest printed book we know today appeared in China in the year 868, and metal type was in use in Korea at the beginning of the fifteenth century, but it was in Germany around the year 1450 that a printing press using movable metal type was invented.Capitalism turned printing from an invention into an industry. Right from the start, book printing and publishing were organized on capitalist lines. 'The biggest sixteenth- century printer, Plantin of Antwerp, had twenty-four printing presses and employed more than a hundred workers. Only a small fraction of the population was literate, but the production of books grew at an extraordinary speed. By 1500 some twenty million volumes had already been printed.The immediate effect of printing was to increase the circulation of works that were already popular in the handwritten form, while less popular works went out of circulation. Publishers were interested only in books that would sell fairly quickly in sufficient numbers to cover the costs of production and make a profit. Thus, while printing enormously increased access to books by making cheap, high-volume production possible, it also reduced choice.The great cultural impact of printing was that it facilitated the growth of national languages. Most early books were printed in Latin, but the market for Latin was limited, and in its pursuit of larger markets the book trade soon produced translations into the national languages emerging at the time. Printing indeed played a key role in standardizing and stabilizing these languages by fixing them in print, and producing dictionaries and grammar books.Q12. What happened in Germany around the year of 1450?Q13. What does the speaker say about the printer, Plantin of Antwerp?Q14. What was the immediate effect of printing?Q15. What was the great cultural impact of printing?Q12. A) Movable metal type began to be used in printing.Q13. B) It was the biggest printer in the 16th century.Q14. B) It boosted the circulation of popular works.Q15. D) It promoted the growth of national languages.Section CRecording OneYou dream about being a movie star. You live in a big house in Hollywood, go to the Oscars every year, and win. You will be rich and famous. Wait a minute. You also hate having your photos taken and you are very shy. So how could you ever become a movie star? Choosing a right career can be hard. Many people graduate from school or college not knowing what they want to do with their lives and get a job without really thinking about it. For some, things work out fine. But others often find themselves stuck in a job they hate. Your working life lasts in average 40 years, so it’s important to find a job you like and feel enthusiastic about.Luckily, there are many ways you can get help to do this. The Australian website WWW. Careers online. com, compares choosing a career with going to the movies. Before you see a movie, you find out what films are showing. The site suggests you should do the same with your career. Find out what jobs are available and what your options are. Next, decide which movie you like best. If you are not a romantic person, you won’t want to see a love story. In other words, with your career, you should decide which job will suit your personality. Finally, decide how to get movie tickets and find out where the theater is before you go. With your career, you need to find information about where you can work and how to get a job in that profession.So, how do you start? Begin by asking yourself some questions, certain life experiences. Have you travelled overseas? Do you have any extra certificates at your degree? Such as the first aid license, for example. Your physical state and build can also affect which jobsyou can do. A person, for example, who is allergic to cats will probably never become an animal doctor. Flight attendants, firefighters and police officers have to be over a certain height and be physically fit. Your personality matters too. Are you outgoing or shy? If you like working alone, a job that requires lots of team work might not suit you.Choosing a career can take time and a lot of thought. However, when you know you can look forward to working in your dream job, you will be glad you thought it through.16. What does the speaker say about many college graduates?17. What does the Australia website suggest you do first to find a suitable job?18. What should you think about when you look for the right job according to the Australian website?16.D) They choose a job without thinking it through.17.B) Find out what job choices are available.18.A) The qualifications you have.Recording 2Kwanzaa is a cultural festival, during which African-American celebrate and reflect upon their rich heritage as the products of the two worlds. It begins December 26th and last for seven days. Kwanzaa was founded in 1966 by Dr. Karenga, a college professor and African-American leader, who believed that a special holiday could help African Americans meet their goals of building strong families, learning about their history and creating a sense of unity. After conducting extensive research in which he studied the festivals of many African groups of people, he decided that the new holiday should be a harvest or first fruit’s celebration. In cooperating ideas from many different harvest traditions. Kwanzaa is a … word meaning the firs t fruits of the harvest. The east African language of … was chosen as an official language of Kwanzaa. Because it is a non-tribal language spoken by a large portion of the African population. Also its pronunciation is easy. Kwanzaa is based on seven principles which are unity, self-determination, collective work and responsibility, cooperative economics, purpose, creativity and faith. One principal is highlighted each day of the holiday. In preparation for the celebration, a astroy matters placed on the table. Along with the candle holder was seven candles. One black, three red and three green. The black candle represents the African-American people. The red is fortheir struggles, and the green represents their hopes for their future. Other items placed on our table are a variety of fruit is of comes gifts and communal unity cup for pouring and sharing drinks. Each day of Kwanzaa usually before the evening meal，family and friends gather around the table and someone lights the candle beginning with the black. After that，candles are lit alternatively from left to right. While the candles is being lit, a principal is recited then each person present takes turn to speak about the importance that the principle has to himself or herself. Next, the ceremony focuses on remembering those who've died. A selected person pours water or juice from the unity cup into a bowl. That person then drinks from the cup and raises it high saying “her thanmbi”，which means that let’s all pour together. All repeat “her thanmbi” seven times and each person drinks from the cup . Then they and names of African American leaders and heroes a cold out to and everyone reflects upon the great things these people did. The ceremony is followed by a meal, and then singing and perhaps listening to African music19.What does the speaker say about Kwanzaa?20. For what purpose did Doctor Karenga create the special holiday?21. What does the word Kwanzaa mean?22. What do people do while each candle is being let at the Kwanzaa celebration?19. B)It is a cultural festival founded for African-Americans.20. C)To help African-Americans to realize their goals.21. B)The fruits of the harvest.22. A)They recite a principle.Recording 3The Mediterranean diet is based upon the eating patterns of traditional cultures in the Mediterranean region. Several noted nutritionists in research projects have concluded that this diet is one of the most healthful in the world in terms of preventing such illnesses as heart disease and cancer and increasing life expectancy. The countries that have inspired Mediterranean diet all surround the Mediterranean Sea. These cultures have eating habits that developed over thousands of years. In Europe, parts of Italy, Greece, Portugal, Spain and southern France adhere to principles of the Mediterranean diet as to the morocco, Indonesia, and North Africa. Parts of the Balkan region and turkey follow the diet as well as middle eastern countries like Lebanon and Syria, the Mediterranean region is warm and sunny and produces large supplies of fresh fruits and vegetables almost a year round thatthe people eat many times a day. Wine, bread, all of oil and nuts are other staples of the region. In the Mediterranean sea has historically yielded abundant quantities of fish. International interest in therapeutic qualities of Mediterranean diet began back in the late nineteen fifties. When medical researchers started to link the currency of heart disease with diet, Doctor Ansol Keths performed the epidemiological analysis of diets around the world. In titled of the seven countries study, it is considered one of the greatest studies of its kind ever performed. In it, Keths gathered data on heart disease in its potential causes from nearly thirty thousand men in Greece, Italy, Croatia, Serbia, Japan, Finland, the Netherlands and the United States. The study was conducted over period of decades. It concluded that the Mediterranean people in the study enjoyed some significant health advantages. The Mediterranean groups have lower mortality rates in all age brackets in form of all causes particularly from heart disease. The study also showed that the Mediterranean diet is as high as or higher in fat than other diets, obtaining up to forty percent of all its calories from fat. It has however, different patterns of fat intake. Mediterranean cooking, in its smaller amounts of saturated fat and higher amount of unsaturated fat, mostly in form of all of oil. Saturated fats are fats are found principally in meat and dairy products, although some nuts in vegetable oils also contain them. Saturated fats are used by the body to make cholesterol in high levels of cholesterol has since been directly related to heart disease.23. What has research concluded about the Mediterranean diet?24. What do we learn about the seven countries study?25. What do we learn about the Mediterranean people from the seven countries study?23. D) It is one of the world’s most healthy diets.24. A) It is regarded as one of the greatest researches of its kind.25. B) They have lower mortality rates.六级听力第二套：1.A) Say a few words to thank the speaker.2.D) He joined the local history societ when young.3.B) She had a good knowledge of the town's history.4.C) He made an embarrassing remark.5. B) What their rivals are doing.6. D) Their potentials has been underestimated.7. C) She had not seen it yet.8. D) Exporting their motorbikes to Indonesia.9. B) It makes claims in conflict with the exising research.10. C) They run a higher risk of gaining weight.11. D) Go to bed earlier.12. A) All the acting nominees are white.13. D) Only 3.4 percent of film directors are female.14. C) Females color over 40.15. B) They are most underrepresented across TV and film.16. C) One that covers their debts and burial expenses.17. D) Add more insurance on the breadwinner.18. A) When their children grow up and leave home.19.D）They may not always be negative.20.A) Biased sources of information.21.B) They may have a negative impact on people they apply to.22.C) A positive stereotype may help one achieve better results.23. B) Quit taking the medicine immediately.24. D) It may increase the effect of certain drugs.25. A)Tell their children to treat medicine with respect.六级阅读第一套选词填空帕劳群岛的捕鱼业The Pacific island nation of Palau has become home to the sixth largest marine sanctuary in the world.26. I) permit27. O) territory28. F) exclusive29. C) commercial30. D) communities31. E) essential32. G) independent33. M) sponsor34. J) secure35. N) stocks匹配题Who's really addicting you to technology?36. [E] Online services are so designed that the more they are used, the more profit they generate.37. [L] The author admits using technology as an escape from the task at hand.38. [I] Checking phones at dinners is now accepted as normal but not belching.39. [O] To make proper use of technology, we should not only increase our awareness of how it is changing but also how it is impacting us.40. [B] Most of us find it hard to focus on our immediate tasks because of Internet distractions.41. [J] When one person starts checking their phone, the others will follow suit.42. [F] The great majority of smartphone users don’t take the trouble to adjust their settings to suit their own purposes.43. [D]The Internet is regarded by some as designed to distract our attention.44. [L] The author attributes his tech addiction chiefly to his habit of putting off doing what he should do right away.45. [G] White-collar workers check email round the clock because it is required by their employers.仔细阅读Passage One46. A) He used a strangely potent ingredient in a food supplement.47. C) Many were shipped to Europe in the late 19th century for medicinal use.48. A) Cocaine had become notorious.49. D) It has remained virtually unchanged since its creation.50. A) The evolution of Coca-cola.Passage Two51. C) There was a clear divide between large and small cities.52. D) They have changed America's landscape.53. D) looked deserted in the evenings54. C) Modernized housing and improved infrastructure.55. D) Better job opportunities.六级阅读第二套选词填空第二套：尼日利亚西红柿减产In the past 12 months, Nigeria has suffered from a shrinking economy, a sliding currency, and a prolonged fuel shortage.26. C) emergency27. D) feeding28. K) reproduces29. I) originated30. G) handful31. F) halted32. L) security33. N) unchecked34. A) dependent35. J) reduction匹配题It is a movement building steady momentum: a call to make research data, software code and experimental methods publicly available and transparent.[M] 36. Astronomer David Hogg doesn’t think scooping is as serious a problem as generally thought.[G] 37. Some researchers are hesitant to make their data public for fear that others might publish something similar before them.[D] 38. Some psychology journals have offered incentives to encourage authors to share their data.[A] 39. There is a growing demand in the science community that research data be open to the public.[P] 40. Sharing data offers early-career researchers the chance to build a certain level of reputation.[L] 41. Data sharing enables scientists to publish each step of their research work, thus leading to more citations.[B] 42. Scientists hold different opinions about the extent and timing of data sharing.[O] 43. Potential problems related to data sharing should be made known to and discussed by all participants at the beginning of a joint research project.[I] 44. Sharing data and handling data-related issues can be time-consuming.[F] 45. Junior researchers may have no say when it comes to sharing data.仔细阅读Passage One46. A) Whether robots can reach better decisions47. D) They did not take moral issues into consideration.48. C) They perform duties in their owners' best interest.49. A) Abstract concepts are hard to program.50. C) Robots can have trouble making decisions in complex scenarios. Passage Two51. D) The rapid technological progress in a very short period of time.52. B) The popularization of smart homes.53. B) Gain automatic control of their businesses.54. A) How to turn it to profitable use.55. A) It is feasible with a connection to the internet.六级阅读第三套选词填空26. O) sparking27. L) powered28. H) implemented29. D) eliminate30. G) hopeful31. A) acceptance32. J) installed33. B) currently34. K) noticeable35. F) futile匹配题36. E37. B38. I39. C40. D41. J42. F43. A44. L45. G仔细阅读Passage 146. A) It is simply uninhabitable for most animals.47. C) stay away from predators.48. B) they can survive well in salty water49. A) They can take refuges in the less salty waters.50. D) The disruption of Lake Natron’s ecosystem.Passage 2 城市规划用地51. A) They were divided into residential and business areas.52. B) They have seen a rise in property prices.53. D) look deserted in the evenings54. C) More comfortable life and greater upward mobility55. B) More chances for promotion翻译：青海湖青海湖位于海拔3205米、青海省省会西宁以西约100公里处。

2017英语六级备考真题备考英语六级时候，多做历年的真题，可以检测一下自己的水平。

下面店铺给你分享2017英语六级备考真题，欢迎阅读。

2017英语六级备考真题Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on living in the virtual world. Try to imagine what will happen when people spend more and more time in the virtual world instead of interacting in the real world. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 2017英语六级备考真题Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A)Project organizerB)Public relations officer.C)Marketing manager.D)Market research consultant.2.A)Quantitative advertising research.B)Questionnaire design.C)Research methodology.D)Interviewer training.3.A)They are intensive studies of people’s spending habits.B)They examine relations between producers and customers.C)They look for new and effective ways to promote products.D)They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period.4.A)The lack of promotion opportunity.B)Checking charts and tables.C)Designing questionnaires.D)The persistent intensity.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A)His view on Canadian universities.B)His understanding of higher education.C)His suggestions for improvements in higher education.D)His complaint about bureaucracy in American universities.6.A)It is well designed.B)It is rather inflexible.C)It varies among universities.D)It has undergone great changes.7.A)The United States and Canada can learn from each other.B)Public universities are often superior to private universities.C)Everyone should be given equal access to higher education.D)Private schools work more efficiently than public institutions.8.A) University systems vary from country to country.B)Efficiency is essential to university management.C) It is hard to say which is better, a public university or a private one.D) Many private university in the U.S. Are actually largebureaucracies.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A) Government’s role in resolving an economic crisis.B) The worsening real wage situation around the world.C) Indications of economic recovery in the United States.D) The impact of the current economic crisis on people’s life.10.A)They will feel less pressure to raise employees’ wages.B) They will feel free to choose the most suitable employees.C) They will feel inclined to expand their business operations.D) They will feel more confident in competing with their rivals.11.A) Employees and companies cooperate to pull through the economic crisis.B) Government and companies join hands to create hobs for the unemployed.C) Employees work shorter hours to avoid layoffs.D) Team work will be encouraged in companies.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12.A) Whether memory supplements work.B) Whether herbal medicine works wonders.C) Wh ether exercise enhances one’s memory.D) Whether a magic memory promises success.13.A) They help the elderly more than the young.B) They are beneficial in one way or another.C) They generally do not have side effects.D) They are not based on real science.14.A)They are available at most country fairs.B)They are taken in relatively high dosage.C)They are collected or grown by farmers.D)They are prescribed by trained practitioners.15.A)They have often proved to be as helpful as doing mental exercise.B)Taking them with other medications might entail unnecessary risks.C)Their effect lasts only a short time.D)Many have benefited from them.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A)How catastrophic natural disasters turn out to be to developing nations.B)How the World Meteorological Organization studies natural disasters.C)How powerless humans appear to be in face of naturaldisasters.D)How the negative impacts of natural disasters can be reduced.17.A)By training rescue teams for emergencies.B)By taking steps to prepare people for them.C)By changing people’s views of nature.D)By relocating people to safer places.18.A)How preventive action can reduce the loss of life.B)How courageous Cubans are in face of disasters.C)How Cubans suffer from tropical storms.D)How destructive tropical storms can be.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A)Pay back their loans to the American government.B)Provide loans to those in severe financial difficulty.C)Contribute more to the goal of a wider recovery.D)Speed up their recovery from the housing bubble.20.A)Some banks may have to merge with others.B)Many smaller regional banks are going to fail.C)It will be hard for banks to provide more loans.D)Many banks will have to lay off some employees.21.A)It will work closely with the government.B)It will endeavor to write off bad loans.C)It will try to lower the interest rate.D)It will try to provide more loans.22.A)It won’t help the American economy to turn around.B)It won’t do any good to the major commercial banks.C)It will win the approval of the Obama administration.D)It will be necessary if the economy starts to shrink again.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have justheard.23.A)Being unable to learn new things.B)Being rather slow to make changes.C)Losing temper more and more often.D)Losing the ability to get on with others.24.A)Cognitive stimulation.B)Community activity.C)Balanced diet.D)Fresh air.25.A)Ignoring the signs and symptoms of aging.B)Adopting an optimistic attitude towards life.C)Endeavoring to give up unhealthy lifestyles.D)Seeking advice from doctors from time to time.2017英语六级备考真题Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Pursuing a career is an essential part of adolescent development.“The adolescent becomes an adult when he_26_a real job.”To cognitive researchers like Piaget,adulthood meant the beginning of an_27_.Piaget argued that once adolescents enter the world of work,their newly acquired ability to form hypotheses allows themto create representations that are too ideal.The_28_of such ideals,without the tempering of the reality of a job or profession,rapidly leads adolescents to become _29_ of the non-idealistic world and to press for reform in a characteristically adolescent way.Piaget said:“True adaptation to society comes_30_when the adolescent reformer attempts to put his ideas to work.”Of course,youthful idealism is often courageous,and no one likes to give up dreams.Perhaps,taken_31_out of context,Piaget’s statement seems harsh.What he was_32_，however,is the way reality can modify idealistic views.Some people refer to such modification as maturity.Piaget argued that attaining and accepting a vocation is one of the best ways to modify idealized views and to mature.As careers and vocations become less available during times of _33_,adolescents may be especially hard hit.Such difficult economic times may leave many adolescents_34_about their roles in society.For this reason,community interventions and government job programs that offer summer and vacation work are not only economically_35_but also help to stimulate the adolescent’s sense of worth.A)automatically I)incidentallyB)beneficial J)intolerantC)capturing K)occupationD)confused L)promisesE)emphasizing M)recessionF)entrance N)slightlyG)excited O)undertakesH)existenceSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Can societies be rich and green?[A]“If our economies are to flourish,if global poverty is to be eliminated and if the well-being of the world’s people enhanced—not just in this generation but in succeeding generations—we must make sure we take care of the natural environment and resources on which our economic activity depends.”That statement comes not,as you might imagine,from a stereotypical tree-hugging,save-the-world greenie(环保主义者),but from Gordon Brown,a politician with a reputation for rigour,thoroughness and above all,caution.[B]A surprising thing for the man who runs one of the world’s most powerful economies to say?Perhaps;though in the run-up to the five-year review of the Millennium(千年的)Goals,he is far from alone.The roots of his speech,given in March at the roundtable meeting of environment and energy ministers from the G20 group of nations,stretch back to 1972,and the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm.[C]“The protection and improvement of the human environment is a major issue which affects the well-being of peoples and economic development throughout the world,”read the final declaration from this gathering,the first of a sequence which would lead to the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit in 1992 and the World Development Summit in Johannesburgthree years ago.[D]Hunt through the reports prepared by UN agencies and development groups—many for conferences such as this year’s Millennium Goals review—and you will find that the linkage between environmental protection and economic progress is a common thread.[E]Managing ecosystems sustainably is more profitable than exploiting them,according to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment.But finding hard evidence to support the thesis is not so easy.Thoughts turn first to some sort of global statistic,some indicator which would rate the wealth of nations in both economic and environmental terms and show a relationship between the two.[F]If such an indicator exists,it is well hidden.And on reflection,this is not surprising;the single word“environment”has so many dimensions,and there are so many other factors affecting wealth—such as the oil deposits—that teasing out a simple economy-environment relationship would be almost impossible.[G]The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment,a vast four-year global study which reported its initial conclusions earlier this year,found reasons to believe that managing ecosystems sustainably—working with nature rather than against it—might be less profitable in the short term,but certainly brings long-term rewards.[H]And the World Resources Institute(WRI)in its World Resources 2005 report,issued at the end of August,produced several such examples from Africa and Asia;it also demonstrated that environmental degradation affects the poor more than the rich,as poorer people derive a much higher proportion of theirincome directly from the natural resources around them.[I]But there are also many examples of growing wealth by trashing the environment,in rich and poor parts of the world alike,whether through unregulated mineral extraction,drastic water use for agriculture,slash-and-burn farming,or fossil-fuel-guzzling(大量消耗)transport.Of course,such growth may not persist in the long term—which is what Mr.Brown and the Stockholm declaration were both attempting to point out.Perhaps the best example of boom growth and bust decline is the Grand Banks fishery.For almost five centuries a very large supply of cod(鳕鱼)provided abundant raw material for an industry which at its peak employed about 40,000 people,sustaining entire communities in Newfoundland.Then,abruptly,the cod population collapsed.There were no longer enough fish in the sea for the stock to maintain itself,let alone an industry.More than a decade later,there was no sign of the ecosystem re-building itself.It had,apparently,been fished out of existence;and the once mighty Newfoundland fleet now gropes about frantically for crab on the sea floor.[J]There is a view that modern humans are inevitably sowing the seed of a global Grand Banks-style disaster.The idea is that we are taking more out of what you might call the planet’s environmental bank balance than it can sustain;we are living beyond our ecological means.One recent study attempted to calculate the extent of this“e cological overshoot of the human economy”,and found that we are using 1.2 Earth’s-worth of environmental goods and services—the implication being that at some point the debt will be called in,and all those services—the things which the planet does for us for free—will grind to a halt.[K]Whether this is right,and if so where and when the ecological axe will fall,is hard to determine with any precision—which is why governments and financial institutions are only beginning to bring such risks into their economic calculations.It is also the reason why development agencies are not united in their view of environmental issues;while some,like the WRI,maintain that environmental progress needs to go hand-in-hand with economic development,others argue that the priority is to build a thriving economy,and then use the wealth created to tackle environmental degradation.[L]This view assumes that rich societies will invest in environmental care.But is this right?Do things get better or worse as we get richer? Here the Stockholm declaration is ambiguous.“In the developing countries,”it says,“most of the environmental problems are caused by under-development.”So it is saying that economic development should make for a cleaner world?Not necessarily;“In the industralised countries,environmental problems are generally related to industrialisation and technological development,”it continues.In other words,poor and rich both over-exploit the natural world,but for different reasons.It’s simply not true that economic growth will surely make our world cleaner.[M]Clearly,richer societies are able to provide environmental improvements which lie well beyond the reach of poorer communities.Citizens of wealthy nations demand national parks,clean rivers,clean air and poison-free food.They also,however,use far more natural resources-fuel,water(all those baths and golf courses)and building materials.[N]A case can be made that rich nations export environmental problems,the most graphic example beingclimate change.As a country’s wealth grows,so do its greenhouse gas emissions.The figures available will not be completely accurate.Measuring emissions is not a precise science, particularly when it comes to issues surrounding land use;not all nations have re-leased up-to-date data,and in any case,emissions from some sectors such as aviation are not included in national statistics.But the data is exact enough for a clear trend to be easily discernible.As countries become richer,they produce more greenhouse gases;and the impact of those gases will fall primarily in poor parts of the world.[O]Wealth is not,of course,the only factor involved.The average Norwegian is better off than the average US citizen,but contributes about half as much to climate change.But could Norway keep its standard of living and yet cut its emissions to Moroccan or even Ethiopian levels?That question,repeated across a dozen environmental issues and across our diverse planet,is what will ultimately determine whether the human race is living beyond its ecological means as it pursues economic revival.36.Examples show that both rich and poor countries exploited the environment for economic progress.37.Environmental protection and improvement benefit people all over the world.38.It is not necessarily true that economic growth will make our world cleaner.39.The common theme of the UN reports is the relation between environmental protection and economic growth.40.Development agencies disagree regarding how to tackle environment issues while ensuring economic progress.41.It is difficult to find solid evidence to prove environmentalfriendliness generates more profits than exploiting the natural environment.42.Sustainable management of ecosystems will prove rewarding in the long run.43.A politician noted for being cautious asserts that sustainable human development depends on the natural environment.44.Poor countries will have to bear the cost for rich nations’ economic development.45.One recent study warns us of the danger of the exhaustion of natural resources on Earth.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Interactive television advertising, which allows viewers to use their remote controls to click on advertisements, has been pushed for years. Nearly a decade ago it was predicted that viewers of “Friends”, a popular situation comedy, would soon be able to purchase a sweat er like Jennifer Aniston’s with a few taps on their remote control.“It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years,”says Colin Dixon of a digital-media consultancy.So the news that Cablevision, and American cable company, was rolling out interactive advertisements to all its customers on October 6th was greeted with some skepticism. Duringcommercials, an overlay will appear at the bottom of the screen, prompting viewers to press a button to request a free sample or order a catalogue. Cablevision hopes to allow customers to buy things with their remote controls early next year.Television advertising could do with a boost. Spending fell by 10% in the first half of the year. The popularization of digital video recorders has caused advertisers to worry that their commercials will be skipped. Some are turning to the Internet, which is cheaper and offers concrete measurements like click-through rates—especially important at a time when marketing budgets are tight. With the launch of interactive advertising,“many of the dollars that went to the Internet will come back to the TV,”says David Kline of Cablevision. Or so the industry hopes.In theory, interactive advertising can engage viewers in a way that 30-second spots do not. Unilever recently ran an interactive campaign for its Axe deodorant(除臭剂)，which kept viewers engaged for more than three minutes on average.The amount spent on interactive advertising on television is still small. Magna, an advertising agency, reckons it will be worth about $138 million this year. That falls far short of the billions of dollars people once expected it to generate. But DirecTV, Comcast and Time Warner Cable have all invested in it. A new effort led by Canoe Ventures, a coalition of leading cable providers, aims to make interactive advertising available across America later this year. BrightLine iTV, Which designs and sells interactive ads, says interest has surged: it expects its revenues almost to triple this year. BSkyB, Britain’s big gest satellite-television service, already provides 9 million customers with interactive ads.Yet there are doubts whether people watching television, a“lean back”medium, crave interaction. Click-through rates have been high so far(around 3-4%, compared with less than 0.3% online), but that may be a result of the novelty. Interactive ads and viewers might not go well together.46.What does Colin Dixon mean by saying“It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years”(L ines 4-5, Para.1)?A)Interactive television advertising will become popular in 10-12 years.B)Interactive television advertising has been under debate for the last decade or so.C)Interactive television advertising is successful when incorporated into situation comedies.D)Interactive television advertising has not achieved the anticipated results.47.What is the public’s response to Cablevision’s planned interactive TV advertising program?A)Pretty positive.B)Totally indifferent.C)Somewhat doubtful.D)Rather critical.48.What is the impact of the wide use of digital video recorders on TV advertising?A)It has made TV advertising easily accessible to viewers.B)It helps advertisers to measure the click-through rates.C)It has placed TV advertising at a great disadvantage.D)It enables viewers to check the sales items with ease.49.What do we learn about Unilever’s interactive campaign?A)It proves the advantage of TV advertising.B)It has done well in engaging the viewers.C)It helps attract investments in the company.D)it has boosted the TV advertising industry.50.How does the author view the hitherto high click-through rates?A)They may be due to the novel way of advertising.B)They signify the popularity of interactive advertising.C)They point to the growing curiosity ofTV viewers.D)They indicate the future direction of media reform.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.What can be done about mass unemployment? All the wise heads agree: there’re no quick or easy answers. There’s work to be done, but workers aren’t ready to do it—they’re in the wrong places, or they have the wrong skills, Our problems are“structural,”and will take many years to solve.But don’t bother asking for evidence that justifies this bleak view. T here isn’t any. On the contrary, all the facts suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand. saying that there’re no easy answers sounds wise. But it’s actually foolish: our unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we had the intellectual clarity and political will to act. In other words, structural unemployment is a fake problem, which mainly serves as an excuse for not pursing real solutions.The fact is job openings have plunged in every major sector, while the number of workers forced into part-time employment in almost all industries has soared. Unemployment has surged in every major occupational category. Only three states. With a combined population not much larger than that of Brooklyn, have unemployment rates below 5%. So the evidence contradictsthe claim that we’re mainly suffering from structural unemployment. Why, then, has this claim become so popular?Part of the answer is that this is what always happens during periods of high unemployment—in part because experts and analysts believe that declaring the problem deeply rooted, with no easy answers, makes them sound serious.I’ve been looking at what self-proclaimed experts were saying about unemployment during the Great Depression; it was almost identical to what Very Serious People are saying now. Unemployment cannot be brought down rapidly, declared one 1935 analysis, because the workforce is“unadaptable and untrained. It cannot respond to the opportunities which industry may offer.”A few years later, a large defense buildup finally provided a fiscal stimulus adequate to the economy’s needs—and suddenly industry was eager to employ those“unadaptable and untrained”workers.But now, as then, powerful forces are ideologically opposed to the whole idea of government action on a sufficient scale to jump-start the economy. And that, fundamentally, is why claims that we face huge structural problems have been multiplying: they offer a reason to do nothing about the mass unemployment that is crippling out economy and our society.So what you need to know is that there’s no evidence whatsoever to back these claims. We aren’t suffering from a shortage of needed skills, We’re suffering from a lack of policy resolve. As I said, structural unemployment isn’t a real problem, it’s an excuse—a reason not to act on America’s problems ata time when action is desperately needed.51.What does the author think is the root cause of mass unemployment in America?A)Corporate mismanagement.B)Insufficient demand.C)Technological advances.D)Workers’ slow adaptation.52.What does the author think of the experts’ claim concerning unemployment?A)Self-evident.B)Thought-provoking.C)Irrational.D)Groundless.53.What does the author say helped bring down unemployment during the Great Depression?A)The booming defense industry.B)The wise heads’ benefit package.C)Nationwide training of workers.D)Thorough restructuring of industries.54.What has caused claims of huge structural problems to multiply?A)Powerful opposition to governmen t’s stimulus efforts.B)Very Serious People’s attempt to cripple the economy.C)Evidence gathered from many sectors of the industries.D)Economists’ failure to detect the problems in time.55.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A)To testif y to the experts’ analysis of America’s problems.B)To offer a feasible solution to the structural unemployment.C)To show the urgent need for the government to take action.D)To alert American workers to the urgency for adaptation. 2017英语六级备考真题Part IV Translation (30minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should writeyour answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国的创新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃发展。