戴姆勒-克莱斯勒：绚丽的合并谎言在戴姆勒与克莱斯勒合并之初，有些人认为这项合并十分正确，就像发生在天堂里一样。
克莱斯勒是全美最小但也是截至1994年全美最高效、利润率最高的汽车制造商。
如今，克莱斯勒的生产与研发力量将与戴姆勒的传奇品牌梅赛德斯-奔驰（Mercedes-Benz）的优势相结合。
另外，在一次周期性的危机中，为了获得足够的资金，克莱斯勒卖掉了其国际业务，这次合并为克莱斯勒提供了与资金雄厚的伙伴开展合作的机会，同时也可以显著提高其国际知名度。
作为这次合并的积极推动者，戴姆勒公司的于尔根·施伦普(Juergen Schrempp)认为，该项合并将产生全球范围的经济效益。
当然，在合并之后，公司中将同时存在美德两种文化。
但在新的总裁办公室，克莱斯勒的CEO罗伯特·伊顿（Robert Eaton）将与施伦普平起平坐，共同担任新公司的主席，所有的决策都由双方共同作出。
很快，克莱斯勒管理层关于权力公平的期望就与他们闻名于世的合并伙伴发生了冲突。
正如其所表现出来的那样，施伦普从来就没有想过要公平对待克莱斯勒。
在合并中，施伦普很不光彩地撒了谎。
合并之后，其迅速剥夺了克莱斯勒高层的管理权力。
这种欺骗到底是一种有悖伦理道德而让人难以接受的行为，还是克莱斯勒的管理层本来就该看穿的一项精明谈判策略呢？无论怎样，1998年11月，这场“平等”的合并还是完成了。
随后，麻烦接踵而至。
合并之前的克莱斯勒在过去的几十年中，克莱斯勒曾有过非凡的历史。
有人说李·艾克卡（Lee Iacocca）在克莱斯勒上演了一个奇迹。
1978年11月，艾克卡成为了这家濒临倒闭的公司的总裁。
当时公司情况十分糟糕，于是，艾克卡向华盛顿政府申请破产保护，并获得了15亿美元的联邦贷款，且籍此让公司获得了新生。
在艾克卡的领导下，到1983年，克莱斯勒已开始实现盈利，并在接下来的4年中取得了辉煌业绩。
艾克卡提前7年还清了所有的贷款。
克莱斯勒提交破产保护申请(Chrysler Makes BankruptcyFiling)_3000字Chrysler LLC on Thursday filed for bankruptcy reorganization at the behest of the U.S. government after failing to reach an agreement with a small group of creditors.'This process will be quick, it will beefficient,' U.S. President Barack Obama said in a televised address.The Obama administration, which led the Chrysler reorganization talks because it has provided loans to keep the car maker operating, expects a relatively speedy bankruptcy proceeding that could be wrapped up in as little as 30 to 60 days.The government, which already has provided morethan $4 billion to Chrysler, said Thursday it would commit to a further $8 billion to help the company through bankruptcy.At the same time, Mr. Obama announced that Italian car maker Fiat SpA had agreed to enter into an alliance with Chrysler. Under it, Fiat will provide the U.S. company with technology for small, fuel-efficient models.For Chrysler, the bankruptcy filing and Fiat pact represent a chance to end years of losses and declining market share. The car maker suffered from high labor and production costs and union agreements that required it to provide extensive health care and other benefits to115,000 retirees.Chrysler's plight intensified last year when high gasoline prices dissuaded customers from buying its sport-utility vehicles and pickup trucks, thecompany's main source of profits. Meantime, the company had de-emphasized small cars in recent years and it had a sparse selection at a time when consumers were seeking them.A New York bankruptcy court is expected to handle the restructuring, which could be easier to push through because, unlike the out-of-court talks, it doesn't need approval of all creditors. A simple majority will suffice, and large creditors, including U.S. banks J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. and Citigroup Inc., are already believed to support the plan.In his noon address, President Obama took a tough stance against what he described as the small group of'speculators,' the debt holders that had held up the Chrysler restructuring. The bankruptcy proceedings are 'designed to deal with those last fewholdouts,' Obama said.The holdouts, including hedge funds and pension funds, may choose to fight the court proceedings, which could derail the government's timetable. In a statement released Wednesday before thepresident's address, they questioned the administration's willingness to negotiate, saying their own offer was 'flatly rejected or ignored.'If the court plan is approved, Chrysler'scar-making operations will be sold to a new company, which would emerge from bankruptcy under entirely new ownership and without the onerous obligations to creditors and employees.Chrysler's existing owners, private-equity fund Cerberus Capital Management LP and Germany's Daimler AG, would lose all their holdings, and ahealth-care trust fund for retirees will emerge as the new majority owner, with a 55% stake.Under its partnership, Fiat initially will receive a 20% stake in Chrysler but it could rise to 35% if certain targets are met. Fiat has the option of becoming a majority shareholder once the U.S. loans have been repaid.The U.S. Treasury Department, meanwhile, will own 8% of Chrysler, and the governments of Canada and Ontario, which will provide $2.4 billion in financing, will hold a combined 2% stake.The car maker's 54,000 employees and its115,000 retirees, represented by the United Auto Workers union, late Wednesday approved their part of the bargain, eliminating a number of benefits.Shortly after the president's speech, Chrysler Chief Executive Bob Nardelli said he would resign,returning to work for Cerberus, which had appointed him to run the company in August 2007.Chrysler said it will temporarily idle most of its manufacturing plants for as long as 60 days starting Monday as the company seeks to reorganize.As part of the agreement, Chrysler's lending arm, Chrysler Financial, will be folded into GMAC LLC, which will become the main financing source for all Chrysler vehicles. A group of investors led by Cerberus holds a majority stake in GMAC.The U.S. government will have the power to appoint board members at the reorganized Chrysler but won't get involved in day-to-day operations, an administration official said.The groundwork for the revamping includes acost-cutting deal ratified by the United Auto Workers union late Wednesday. Another Treasury-brokered agreement calls for Chrysler's lenders to accept $2.25 billion in cash in exchange for wiping out about $6.9 billion of Chrysler's debt. Though some creditors balked at that offer the administration official said Thursday that he expects those agreements to be kept largely intact by a bankruptcy judge.The new government loans include between $3 billion to $3.5 billion in so-called debtor-in-possession financing and an additional $4.5 billion once the company emerges from court, administration officials said Thursday.。
4.20 多学科途径●FMEA和控制计划批准·所有倒三角零件的PFMEA和控制计划都需要福特工程部和STA批准。
·设计责任供应商的所有倒三角零件的DFMEA需要福特工程部批准·所有FMEA和控制计划要求在PPAP提交前得到批准，不论其PPAP提交等级最初批准后，仍然要求对这些文件修订版本的批准。
福特保留批准来自任何供应商的任何零件的FMEA和/或控制计划的权利。
●FMEAs组织必须对所有福特零件的制造准备文件化的PFMEA。
当组织有设计责任时，组织必须对所有福特零件的设计准备文件化的DFMEA。
当零件的差异只是尺寸而非形状、应用或功能时，FMEA可针对零件族编写。
然而在所有情况下，使用“族”的PFMEA必须得到STA的批准，使用“族”的DFMEA必须得到福特工程部的批准。
供应商将在被要求时，向福特公司递交FMEA文件的复印件。
●控制计划所有福特公司的零件都必须有控制计划（或动力总成的动态控制计划DCP）。
设计和过程控制必须聚焦于预防而不是发现和纠正。
修理和/或返工产品必须按控制计划和/或文件化程序的要求，被重新检验。
●供应商改变特殊特性监控的通知当控制图和ES（工程规范）测试数据表明有很高的能力，组织可以要求修改特殊特性的测试和检验要求。
经福特工程部和STA批准后修改的控制计划生效。
必须在实施更改前获得批准。
用上游控制代替最终产品检验/测试也遵循相同的途径。
组织必需通过SREA提交这些批准的申请。
4.20.1 控制项目(▽)强制要求下列控制必须被包括在控制计划中，以强化该被控项目。
4.20.1.1 材料分析－热处理零件不论采购或自制，均需按炉批号判定其化学成分规格和淬火硬度的符合性。
4.20.1.2 材料分析－非热处理零件标识必须被目视检查，以确定工厂的热处理批号和钢材供应商分析文件和适用规范相一致。
每卷/束必须进行硬度和其它适用物理特性的测试。
4.20.1.3 批次追溯必须保持批次追溯。
INDEX -2-NEW 4 RING STA TOR ............................................................................................NEW OVERDRIVE/REVERSE LIP SEALS .........................................................NEW PARKING GUIDE BRACKET AND P TRANSAXLE CONTROLLERS ............................................................................BELL HOUSING IDENTIFICATION AND TURBINE SHAFTS ......................NEW 4 DISC OVERDRIVE CLUTCH PACK ......................................................NEW PRNODL AND NEUTRAL SWITCHES .....................................................NEW OVERALL GEAR RATIOS ..........................................................................NEW TRANSFER SHAFT ......................................................................................GOTO PAGEINTRODUCTIONCHRYSLER A604 (41TE)"UPDATE HANDBOOK"AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION SERVICE GROUP9200 S. DADELAND BLVD. SUITE 720MIAMI, FLORIDA 33156(305) 670-4161DALE ENGLANDFIELD SERVICE CONSUL TANT ED KRUSE TECHNICAL CONSULT ANTWAYNE COLONNATECHNICAL SUPERVISOR PETER LUBANTECHNICAL CONSULT ANT JIM DIAL TECHNICAL CONSULT ANTGREGORY LIPNICK TECHNICAL CONSULT ANT JERRY GOTTTECHNICAL CONSULT ANT JON GLATSTEINTECHNICAL CONSULT ANT DA VID CHALKER TECHNICAL CONSULT ANTSTANTON ANDERSON TECHNICAL CONSULT ANT ROLAND ALV AREZ TECHNICAL CONSULT ANTGERALD CAMPBELLTECHNICAL CONSULT ANT No part of any ATSG publication may be reproduced, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, including but not limited to electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without written permission of Automatic Transmission Service Group. This includes all text illustrations, tables and charts.The information and part numbers contained in this booklet havebeen carefully compiled from industry sources known for theirreliability, but ATSG does not guarantee its accuracy.Copyright © ATSG 1994Updated May, 2003Since the introduction of the Chrysler A604 (41TE) transaxle in model year 1989, there have been many engineering changes to greatly improve pleaseability, durability and driveability concerns. These changes have affected nearly every part used in the A604 (41TE) transaxle. This "Update Handbook" will explain each change, the reason for the change, any interchangeability concerns created by the change and any part numbers necessary to "Update" your unit. This booklet has been designed to be used in conjunction with the assembly and disassembly manual, also available from ATSG.We wish to thank the Chrysler Corporation forthe illustrations and information that have madethis booklet possible.-1-。
