mra_signatories(Ilac和MRA的互认协议名单)

检测报告上CMA、ILAC-MRA、CNAS、CAL四个标识的区别⼯作和⽣活中，我们经常遇到“认证”⼆字，但是很多⼈并不⼗分清楚什么是认证。

认证(certification)则是“认证机构（通常是第3⽅）对产品/服务，过程或质量管理体系符合规定要求（依据相关技术规范、准则等）做出书⾯保证的程序"。

产品认证两⼤类：企业、⾏政机构、学校等都可以申请做体系认此处的认证主要包括体系认证体系认证和产品认证证，其⽬的是为了让客户对⾃⼰的企业或公司所提供的产品、服务等在购买时放⼼，⽐如说ISO9001质量体系认证；产品认证相对来说⽐较⼴泛，各种不同规格的产品和不同的产品认证价格都不⼀样，当然他们的⽤途也不⼀样，⽐如说CCC国家强制性认证和CE欧盟产品安全认证。

作为加固⼈，最为关注的是加固材料的品质，相应的就⼗分关注材料的检测报告。

悍马的安全性鉴定报告上就有以下四个认证：CMA标志是China Metrology Accredidation（中国计量认证/认可）的缩写；ILAC-MARS标志是ILAC Mutual Recognition Arrangement（国际实验室认可使⽤组织的认可标志）的缩写；CNAS标志是China National Accreditation Board for Laboratories（中国实验室国家认可委员会）的缩写；CAL标志是China Accredited Laboratory（中国考核合格检验实验室）的缩写。

下⾯⼩悍就来跟⼤家讲讲这四种检测的含义。

CMACMA是检测机构计量认证合格的标志，具有此标志的机构为合法的检验机构，也是鉴定证书必须具有的标志。

根据《中华⼈民共和国产品质量法》的有关规定，在中国境内从事⾯向社会检测、检验产品的机构，必须由国家或省、市级计量认证管理部门会同评审机构评审合格，依法设置或依法授权后，才能从事检测、检验活动。

计量认证考核的内容重要是⼈员的资格（⽔平）、检验设备仪器的准确、精密程度，是否有必要的⼯作场地和⼯作条件，是否有健全的⼯作、管理规程、规章制度，是否有正确的⼯作依据和检验⽅法等。

亚太实验室认可合作组织（APLAC）简介亚太实验室认可合作组织（APLAC简介亚太实验室认可合作组织（Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation,英文缩写为APLAC b5E2RGbCAP成立于1992年，是一个地区实验室认可合作组织。

其成员由环太平洋国家和地区的实验室认可机构和主管部门组成。

其主要目标是在亚太地区内为实验室认可机构提供信息交流、能力验证、人员培训和文件互换等合作。

其长远目标是达成成员之间的互认，实现与相应的区域性组织（如西欧校准合作组织WECC 和西欧实验室认可组织WELAC的互认,从而达成（ILAC）多边互认协议。

p1EanqFD PwAPLAC多边相互承认协议（MRA）乍用：通过APLAC全面系统的同行评审，其认可制度符合国际准则全部要求的APLACK员中的实验室认可机构之间签署的APLA（多边承认协议（APLAC/MRA）这些认可机构组成APLAC/MR集团，通过区域间实验室认可机构的相互承认协议其作用可促进一个国家/地区获准认可的实验室所出具的检测或校准的数据与报告可被其他签署机构所在的国家/地区承认和接受。

截止到2006年，包括我国认可机构在内的23实验室认可机构签署了实验室多边互认协议，同时也包括我国实验室认可机构在内的10个国家/地区的实验室认可机构签署了AP LAC佥查机构相互承认协议。

DXDiTa9E3d 我国与APLAC勺有关活动情况：1993年始，我国开始派代表参加APLAC会议。

1995年4月包括原中国实验室国家认可委员会（CNACL和原中国国家进出口商品检验实验室认可委员会（CCIBLAC）在内的16个实验室认可机构首批签署了“亚太实验室认可合作组织”的谅解备忘录（MOU）,成为APLAC1外创始成员之一的第一批正式全权成员。

RTCrp UDGiT1999年12月CNAC签署了APLA®验室（包括检测和校准）互认协议。

3. 定义和术语
3.1 计量溯源性 （VIM 2.41） 通过文件规定的不间断的校准链，将测 量结果与参照对象联系起来的测量结果的特性 ，校准链中的每项校准均会引入测量不确定度 。
CNAS-CL06 :2014
3. 定义和术语
3.2 参考物质（RM）（VIM 5.13） 又称标准物质、标准样品 用作参照对象的具有规定特性、足够均匀和 稳定的物质，其已被证实符合测量或标称特性检查 的预期用途。 3.3 有证参考物质（CRM）(VIM 5.14) 又称有证标准物质、有证标准样品 附有由权威机构发布的文件，提供使用有效 程序获得的具有不确定度和溯源性的一个或多个特 性量值的参考物质。
法定计量检定机构的授权证书，其附件是授权 范围，附件可有三个： 授权开展的检测项目 明确属于强制检定范围 授权开展的检定项目 时，方可选择。 授权开展的校准项目
当4.3 a）和b）无法获 得，且不在强制检定范 围时，方可选择。
CNAS-CL06 :2014
4. 要求
e）当a）至d）所规定的溯源机构均无法获得 时，合格评定机构可选择能够确保计量溯源 性的其他机构的校准服务。此时，合格评定 机构应至少保留以下满足CNAS-CL01：2006 相关要求的溯源性证据：
主要变化
增加了计量溯源性、RM、CRM、NMI等的术语和 定义； 明确了CIPM MRA、ILAC MRA和法定计量机构三 个提供有效溯源服务的体系，以及其溯源证据满足 ILAC要求的措施。对CIPM MRA所涵盖的国家计量 院的溯源地位和范围做了详细的描述。明确了溯源 到法定计量机构的要求和对其检定证书应获取测量 不确定度的要求。 加强了获认可校准实验室在溯源体系中的地位； 不区分境内境外，溯源要求均一致。
2014定义和术语31计量溯源性vim241通过文件规定的不间断的校准链将测量结果与参照对象联系起来的测量结果的特性校准链中的每项校准均会引入测量不确定度32参考物质rmvim513又称标准物质标准样品用作参照对象的具有规定特性足够均匀和稳定的物质其已被证实符合测量或标称特性检查的预期用途

UL Calibration Requirements: Equipment Used for UL/C-UL/ULC Mark Follow-Up ServicesUL defi nes minimum requirements for calibration of inspection, measuring and test equipment (IMTE) required as part of its Follow-Up Services Procedures. These requirements also include IMTE supplied by customers and used byUL fi eld representatives during inspection activities at the inspection location. Standards used to calibrate such inspection, measuring and testing equipment are also covered by these requirements.This document applies to all customers of UL’s product certification services for the U.S. and Canadian markets,i.e., UL/C-UL/ULC Mark certifications. Calibration is a requirement of UL certification as noted in the United States and Canadian testing and certification service terms and conditions located at /contracts.Why this requirement is importantA key element in determining compliance with UL requirementsis the validity and accuracy of inspection, measurement andtest results. Equipment used to perform these activities mustbe calibrated to provide the necessary level of confi dence inthe results of the inspections, measurements and tests being conducted. Calibration of IMTE – as well as the standardsfor calibration – must be traceable to the National Instituteof Standards and Technology or another national metrology institution. It is recommended that providers of calibration services should be accredited under ISO/IEC 17025. See page 3 of this document for calibration certifi cate requirements for calibrations performed by a non-accredited laboratory or performed in-house by the manufacturer.REQUIREMENTSEquipment requiring calibrationAll IMTE required as part of a UL Follow-Up Services Procedure including any Appendices, Follow-Up Inspection Instructions or Standard Appendix Pages or equipment that is used by UL fi eld representatives while conducting inspection activities at the factory must be calibrated.Customers must ensure that the IMTE selected for each measurement is capable of meeting measurement tolerances specifi ed in UL Follow-Up Services Procedures or related documentation, i.e., customers must select and use the right tool for the job.When inspection, measuring and test equipment with low precision capability, such as tape measures, steel rules, protractors, radius gauges, etc., are used as the fi nal means of verifying compliance with UL requirements, customers have the following options:MARK INTEGRITY PROGRAMOption 1At a minimum, customers will have an appropriate accuracy statement from the manufacturer of a measuring device to certify or attest to a device’s stated precision and accuracy capabilities. This information is important in demonstrating that equipment accuracy is capable of meeting required measurement tolerances. In addition, tape measures and similar low-precision inspection, measuring and test equipment shall undergo in-service checks. During an in-service check, the measuring device is validated prior to use to ensure it is capable of achieving the required measurement accuracy. Customers must specify the criteria, frequency and methods used to conduct these in-service checks, as well as the process for handling non-conformances.Option 2Customers may choose to include tape measures and similar low-precision IMTE in their calibration system. This equipment will be calibrated or validated at regularly defi ned intervals, according to requirements defi ned in this document.Instruments and gauges that are an integral part of equipment used in manufacturing products are not generally subject to calibration requirements, unless specifi cally identifi ed in the Follow-Up Services Procedure. Typically, these are gauges and instruments used to monitor process characteristics, e.g., speed, pressure, etc., not product characteristics.Frequency of calibrationAll IMTE described in a UL Follow-Up Services Procedure as well as Appendices, Follow-Up Inspection Instructions or Standard Appendix Pages or used by UL fi eld representatives in activitiesat a manufacturing location must be calibrated at least annually for their intended function and use. If a UL Follow-Up Services Procedure specifi es more frequent calibration frequency, then that frequency is to be followed.Measurement standardsMeasurement standards used in the calibration of IMTE must also be calibrated and are to be used for calibration purposes only.Weights and gauge blocks standards must be calibrated by a competent body – preferably by an ISO/IEC 17025 accredited calibration service provider – every three years or wheneverthe measurement standard has been subject to some form of abuse that may affect the measurement standard’s fi tness for use. Other measurement standards, e.g., voltmeters, master gauges used to calibrate other gauges, etc., shall be calibrated by a competent body – preferably by an ISO/IEC 17025 accredited calibration service provider – either annually or in accordance with the equipment manufacturer’s specifi cations, or whenever the standard has been subject to some form of abuse that may affect the fi tness of a standard.Standards, including any related software, shall be protected from damage or deterioration and must be maintained according to the original equipment manufacturer’s recommendations.Calibration identification and statusAll IMTE being calibrated – as well as measurement standards used for calibrations – shall include evidence of calibration status, e.g., a label or other marking indicating the next calibration due date. If size limitations or usage environment prevents the use of a calibration label, alternate identifi cation methods are acceptable, providing that the identifi cation and calibration status can be readily determined. Each piece of calibrated IMTE must have a unique, unambiguous identifi er such as manufacturer name and model number, serial number, identifi cation number, asset number, etc.Calibration certificates: ISO/IEC 17025 accredited calibration service providersUL recommends using calibration service providers that are accredited to ISO/IEC 17025 through authorized signatories of an international accreditation body. See page 4 for more information on accreditation endorsements. Using an accredited calibration service provider expedites review of calibration records duringa UL inspection visit: the calibration information that UL fi eld representatives need to verify is limited due to calibrations being performed in accordance with a calibration service provider’s accreditation requirements.During UL inspection visits, UL fi eld representatives will evaluate calibration records. Each calibration certifi cate from an accredited calibration service provider shall include at least the following information:• Unambiguous identifi cation of the calibrated item. Someexamples are manufacturer name and model number, serialnumber, identifi cation number, etc.•Date(s) calibration was performed to determine that the IMTE has been calibrated within required frequency•A valid accreditation body endorsement for the calibrationperformed. Please refer to page 4 for a sample list ofaccreditation endorsementsDuring UL inspection visits, UL fi eld representatives will confi rm that the inspection, measuring and testing equipment is within the defi ned calibration period. Additionally, UL fi eld representatives will review calibration data to verify that inspection, measuring and test equipment has been calibrated for the measurements for which it will be used.If the above information is unavailable or cannot be verifi ed, UL representatives will evaluate compliance with the requirements specifi ed for non-ISO/IEC 17025 accredited calibration service providers or calibrations performed in-house.Calibration certificates: non-ISO/IEC 17025 accredited calibration service providers or calibrations performedin-houseCertifi cates for calibrations performed by non-ISO/IEC 17025 accredited calibration service providers must include the following information:1. Title, e.g., Calibration Certifi cate, Calibration Report, etc., orequivalent2. Name and address of the calibration service provider3. Location where the calibration was conducted, if differentfrom the service provider address 4. Unambiguous identifi cation of the specifi c piece of IMTEcalibrated such as manufacturer name and model number, serial number, identifi cation number, etc.5. Unique identifi er of the calibration record such as a serialnumber and the capability to match it to a specifi c piece of calibrated IMTE6. Description of the condition of the item calibrated, i.e., theas-received condition, e.g., out of tolerance, in tolerance,damaged, etc.7. Date(s) calibration was performed8. Quantitative measured value(s) of the calibration resultswhen out of calibration conditions are identifi ed, i.e., when stated calibration tolerances have been exceeded9. For IMTE capable of measuring multiple parameters,calibration records must include an attestation or statement confi rming that the equipment’s as found conditions andcalibration results encompass all parameters for which itis being used. Examples of this type of equipment include digital multi-meters measuring voltage, amperage andresistance as well as 6" calipers measuring ID, OD anddepth attributes10. The name(s), functions(s) and signature(s) or equivalentidentifi cation of person(s) authorizing the calibrationcertifi cate. Note: Electronic signature/authorization isacceptable11. Evidence that the measurements are traceable (to nationalor international standards). Note:• There should be no alteration to the calibration data/results without evidence of appropriate authorization, e.g., names, titles, dates, nature of alteration, etc.• When the certifi cate or report contains results of calibrations performed by subcontractors, these results shall be clearly identifi edFor calibrations performed in-house by customers, calibration results may be reported in a simplifi ed manner. However, any information outlined in this section that is not included on the calibration certifi cate or report shall be readily available for review at the manufacturing location.Out of calibration conditionsWhen IMTE (before any adjustments are made) is found to be outside of required calibration tolerances, i.e., OEM accuracy specifi cation, customers shall perform an analysis to determineif the out of calibration condition could have adversely affected inspection results. Similarly, this same analysis must be performed if equipment is determined to be non-operational, if it is discovered to be defective or if other conditions exist that would raise questions about the validity of previous measurements/test results.The equipment in question must be removed from service by segregating or prominently labeling it. The customers shall:• Evaluate and document the effects of the equipment onprevious inspections or tests• Evaluate if the condition of the equipment could havesignifi cantly affected previous inspections or test resultsand take corrective action, as appropriate. Customers musttake action to correct product that does not comply with ULrequirementsCorrective actions taken by customers should include a robust root cause analysis, containment actions, and long-term corrective actions to ensure that any nonconformance is not likely to recur.TraceabilityAll calibrated IMTE is to be calibrated using measurement standards traceable to a national metrological institute, e.g., National Institute of Standards and Technology in the United States or an offi cially recognized national metrology institute participating in Bureau International des Poids et Measures (BIPM), either directly or through a regional group.Note: Citation of a NIST test number, certifi cation of the calibration lab to ISO 9001, or a simple statement of traceability to NIST or other international body by the calibration service provider are not acceptable as evidence of traceability. The calibration certifi cate and related records must provide evidence that a calibration service provider utilized calibration standards that are traceable to national standards.Measurement uncertaintyWhile not required, UL recommends that calibration certifi catesor reports include the uncertainty of measurement values associated with the calibration data. Uncertainty calculationsare recommended for all calibrations. These calculationsmay be performed in accordance with ISO 5725-2, Guide tothe Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement Accuracy of Measurement Methods and Results – Part 2, also known as GUM (trueness and precision), or in accordance with ANSI/NCSL Z540-2, General Requirements for Calibration Laboratories and Test Equipment.RECORDSCertificates and other recordsCustomers must maintain records of calibration for at least one year. For equipment calibrated less frequently, e.g., every three years, calibration records shall be maintained at least for the current calibration cycle.The content of the records must comply with the requirementsdefi ned in this document.Records of analysis of out-of-calibration conditions shall also be maintained. The duration of records retention should be defi ned and documented by customers. UL also recommends that customers maintain records of in-service checks for low-precision equipment such as tape measures.Accreditation endorsementsThe following information is provided to assist customers; it is not intended to be all-inclusive.Since calibration certifi cates from accredited laboratories that conduct work within their scope of accreditation can bear an endorsement of accreditation, attention to verifying a suitable endorsement with the unique identifi er is necessary. This satisfi es the need to substantiate that a certifi cate was provided by an accredited calibration laboratory.The following are acceptable accreditor endorsements:• International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation MRAsignatories – a full listing of ILAC MRA signatories can befound at /membersbycategory.html. Thecategory “Full Members” includes a listing of the signatories to the ILAC MRA.• Asian Pacifi c Laboratory Accreditation Council MRAsignatories – a full listing of APLAC MRA signatories can befound at /membership_by_category.html.• European Accreditation Cooperation MRA signatories – afull listing of EAC MRA signatories can be found at www./content/mla/scopes.htm.Sample calibration certificateThe calibration certifi cate/record shown on pages 6-7 is a representative example that contains the required elementsdefi ned previously in this document. These required elements include the following:1. Title, e.g., Calibration Certifi cate, Calibration Report, etc., orequivalent2. Name and address of the calibration service provider3. Location where the calibration was conducted, if differentfrom the service provider address4. Unambiguous identifi cation of the specifi c piece of IMTEcalibrated such as manufacturer name and model number,serial number, identifi cation number, etc.5. Unique identifi er of the calibration record such as a serialnumber and the capability to match it to a specifi c piece ofcalibrated IMTE6. Description of the condition of the item calibrated, i.e., the“as received” condition, e.g., out of tolerance, in tolerance,damaged, etc.7. Date(s) calibration was performed8. Quantitative measured value(s) of the calibration resultswhen out of calibration conditions are identifi ed, i.e., whenstated calibration tolerances have been exceeded9. For IMTE capable of measuring multiple parameters,calibration records must include an attestation or statement confi rming that the equipment’s as-found conditions andcalibration results encompass all parameters for which itis being used. Examples of this type of equipment includedigital multi-meters measuring voltage, amperage andresistance as well as 6" calipers measuring ID, OD anddepth attributes10. The name(s), functions(s) and signature(s) or equivalentidentifi cation of person(s) authorizing the calibrationcertifi cate. Note: Electronic signature / authorization isacceptable11. Evidence that the measurements are traceable (to nationalor international standards)Important notes• UL does not endorse any vendors or products referencedherein.• For more information, please contact your local UL FieldRepresentative.。