当前位置：文档之家 › 2016届高考英语大二轮复习 第一部分 阅读理解 专题一 阅读理解 第5讲 篇章结构题即时演练

2016届高考英语大二轮复习 第一部分 阅读理解 专题一 阅读理解 第5讲 篇章结构题即时演练

  • 格式：doc
  • 大小：195.50 KB
  • 文档页数：5

篇章结构题建议用时：15分钟A[2015·重庆一中一诊]The African elephant, the largest land animal remaining on earth, is of great importance P1to African ecosystem (生态系统). Unlike other animals, the African elephant is to a great extent P2 the builder of its environment. As a big plant­eater, it largely shapes the forest­and­savanna (稀树草原) surroundings in which it lives, therefore setting_the_terms of existence W1 for millions of other animals that live in its habitat (栖息地)．It is the elephant 's great desire W2 for food that makes it a disturber of the environment and an important builder of its habitat .SIn its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day, it kills small trees and underbushes, and pulls branches off big trees. This results in P3 numerous W3open spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas. In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other plant eaters.Take the rain forests for example. In their natural state, the spreading branches overhead shut out sunlight and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor. By pulling down trees and eating plants, elephants make open spaces, allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor. In such situations W4，the forests become suitable for large hoofed plant eaters to move around and for small plant eaters to get their food as well.What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has become an endangered species. If the elephant disappears, scientists say, many other animals will also disappear from vast W5 areas of forest and savanna, greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem.本文主要讲述的就是在非洲草原的生物链中大象的重要作用，它不断的寻找食物拓宽了其他动物的生存空间等。

1．What is the passage mainly about?A ．Disappearance of African elephants.B．Forests and savannas as habitats for African elephants.C．The effect of African elephants' search for food.D．The eating habit of African elephants.答案：C 考查主旨大意。

本文主要讲述的就是在非洲草原的生物链中大象的重要作用，它不断的寻找食物拓宽了其他动物的生存空间等。

故C正确。

2．What does the underlined phrase “setting the terms” most probably mean?A．Fixing the time. B．Worsening the state.C．Improving the quality. D．Deciding the conditions.答案：D 考查词义猜测。

根据文章“As a big plant eater, it largely shapes the forest­and­savanna(稀树草原) surroundings in which it lives, therefore setting the terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat.”说明非洲大象塑造了草原的环境，也决定了其他动物的生存条件。

故D项正确。

3．What do we know about the open spaces in the passage?A．They result from the destruction of rain forests.B．They provide food mainly for African elephants.C．They are home to many endangered animals.D．They are attractive to plant­eating animals of different kinds.答案：D 考查细节理解。

根据文章“This results in numerous open spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas. In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other plant eaters”．说明开放的空间对于其他的食草动物也很重要。

故D 项正确。

4．The passage is developed mainly by________.A．showing the effect and then explaining the causesB．pointing out similarities and differencesC．describing the changes in space orderD．giving examples答案：A 考查篇章结构。

本文主要通过描述大象的行为带来的具体影响以及对这些影响的原因的解释。

故A项正确。

W重点词汇1．existence n. 存在2．desire v．/n. 欲望；要求3．numerous adj. 许多的；很多的4．situation n. 情况；形势5．vast adj. 广阔的；巨大的P重点短语1．of great importance 很重要的2．to a great extent 在很大程度上3．result in 导致S 句式仿写原文：It is the elephant's great desire for food that makes it a disturber of the environment and an important builder of its habitat. (强调句型)译文：正是大象对食物的欲望使它成为环境的破坏者和栖息地的修建者。

仿写：It_was_the_culture_rather_than_the_language_that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.是文化而不是语言，使他很难适应国外的新环境。

B[2015·西安下学期月考] With the development of P1 society, the choice of food and drinks for children is more diversified than ever before. However, every coin has two sides. Many facts suggest that children are overweight W1and the situation is getting worse, according to the statistics W2. I feel there are a number of P2 reasons for this.Some people blame W3 the fact that we are surrounded W4by shops selling unhealthy W5，fatty foods, such as fried chicken and ice cream, at low prices. This has turned out a whole generation of grown­ups who seldom cook a meal for themselves. If there were fewer of these restaurants then probably children would buy less take­away food.There is another argument that blames parents for allowing their children to become overweight. I agree to P3 this, because good eating habits begin early in life, long before children start to visit fast food shops. If children are given fried chicken and chocolate rather than healthy food, or are always allowed to choose what they eat, they will go for sweet and salty foods every time, and this will carry on throughout their lives.There is a third reason for this situation. Children these days take very little exercise. They do not walk to school. When they get home, they sit in front of the television or their computers. Not only is this an unhealthy pastime (消遣), it alsogives them time to eat more unhealthy food .S What they need is to go outside and playactive games or sports.The above are the main reasons for this problem, and therefore we have to encourage young people to be more active, as well as guiding them away from fast food shops and bad eating habits.本文是健康类短文，本文第一段是一个中心段，提出儿童肥胖的问题，在2,3,4段中分别给出一个原因。

合集下载

北京东城区2016高考英语阅读理解二轮联训(1)及答案

北京东城区2016高考英语阅读理解二轮联训(1)及答案

北京东城区2016高考英语阅读理解二轮联训（1)及答案阅读理解。

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Once，the Paiter—Surui tribe（部落）lived a happy life in the heart of the Amazon rainforest in Brazil。

But after the tribe's first meeting with Westerners several decades ago, they were nearly wiped out；diseases brought by outsiders reduced the Surui’s numbers from 5，000 to about 250。

Today，some 1, 300 tribe people live in 23 villages across 600, 000 acres。

Though they are as likely to wear T-shirts and jeans as feathered headdresses, the Surui are determined to preserve and protect the tribal culture of their homeland. Now they are under threat again，from illegal logging and deforestation(滥伐）, but this time it’s different。

The Surui have put aside their bows and arrows and taken up a new weapon：the Internet.The tribe people learned to use the Web from their leader，Chief Almir Narayamoga。

2016高考英语《二轮》阅读理解能力练习《1》及答案

2016高考英语《二轮》阅读理解能力练习《1》及答案

2016高考英语【二轮】阅读理解能力练习【1】及答案【2013】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

A German study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their future actually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 years than those pessimists who expected their future to be worse.The paper, published this March in Psychology and Aging, examined health and welfare surveys from roughly 40，000 Germans between ages 18 and 96.The surveys were conducted every year from 1993 to 2003.Survey respondents (受访者) were asked to estimate their present and future life satisfaction on a scale of 0 to 10, among other questions.The researchers found that young adults (age 18 to 39) routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction, while middle－aged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future.Adults of 65 and older, however, were far more likely to underestimate their future life satisfaction.Not only did they feel more satisfied than they thought they would, the older pessimists seemed to suffer a lower ratio (比率) of disability and death for the study period.“We observed that being too optimistic in predicting a better future than actually observed was associated with a greater risk of disability and a greater risk of death within the following decade，”wrote Frieder R．Lang, a professor at the University of Erlangen－Nuremberg.Lang and his colleagues believed that people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions than people who expected a rosy future.“Seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions (预防措施)，” the authors wrote.Surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline.Also, the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.The authors of the study noted that there were limitations to their conclusions.Illness, medical treatment and personal loss could also have driven health outcomes.However, the researchers said a pattern was clear.“We found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic，” the authors concluded.67．According to the study, who made the most accurate prediction of their future life satisfaction?A．Optimistic adults.B．Middle－aged adults.C．Adults in poor health.D．Adults of lower income.68．Pessimism may be positive in some way because it causes people ________．A．to fully enjoy their present lifeB．to estimate their contribution accuratelyC．to take measures against potential risksD．to value health more highly than wealth69．How do people of higher income see their future?A．They will earn less money.B．They will become pessimistic.C．They will suffer mental illness.D．They will have less time to enjoy life.70．What is the clear conclusion of the study?A．Pessimism guarantees chances of survival.B．Good financial condition leads to good health.C．Medical treatment determines health outcomes.D．Expectations of future life satisfaction decline with age.【要点综述】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述对未来过于乐观的人将面对残疾或死亡的巨大危险。

2016高考英语二轮阅读理解练习及答案

2016高考英语二轮阅读理解练习及答案

2016高考英语二轮阅读理解练习（1）及答案2016高考英语阅读理解--日常生活类Papa’s Straw HatPapa was a ranger. He worked with horses. He always wore clean clothes with a hat even when he worked. His hat was always the same kind of a cowboy hat- large black hat of heavy wool. He wore his hat full and high. I think he wanted to look taller than he really was.Mama was proud of the way he looked when he wore his hat and his best clothes. But in some way she got the idea that papa would lose his hair if he kept wearing a heavy wool cowboy hat in the hot weather. She began to talk about his hats.“Papa,” she said one day, “why don't you get a nice cool straw hat? That heavy wool cowboy hat may cause losing hair!” Papa laughed at her and explained that the horses wouldn’t recognize him if he changed the hat. But she didn’t believe him.Mama talked and talked about the hat all summer long. At last papa answered, a little angry, “It would not the cowboy hat but a wife’s talking about the hat that makes me lose my hair.”Mama had a very serious look on her face. She went straight out and later came home with a straw hat. It was a bad year for ranger and we didn't have much money. She thought that if she spent the money for a straw hat, papa would wear it. When papa saw the hat, his face got red. Without a word, he pulled the straw hat down over his head until it hid his eyes and went on to train the horses.He was a good ranger and gentle to his horses. But as papa got close to the horses this time, they jumped high into the air, raising their front feet. All of them ran around in the rounded field and then raced toward the barn. Papa began to shout “Woo boys. Steady boys, steady.” But there was nothing equal to.Papa walked back straight to the stove in the kitchen, pushed the straw hat deep downinto the fire then turned to mama, in a way that even frightened me. “Now listen to me, mama. Understand this I will never wear a straw hat or any other kind of hat my horses do not like.” Then he put on his wool cowboy hat and walked out of the house.I never heard mama talk any more about hats. Perhaps, that is why when papa died many years later, there was a round spot on the top of his head where there was no hair.【小题1】According to the passage, a ranger is _______.A．a person wearing a woolen hatB．a position requiring clean clothesC．a person training horses for some purposeD．a person riding a carriage with horses【小题2】Mama bought papa a straw hat because _______.A．most cowboys preferred to wear itB．she was worried about his healthC．a woolen one didn’t suit papaD．it was cheap and she could save money【小题3】What quality can we learn from papa?A．Gentle. B．Patient. C．Committed. D．Modest.【小题4】It can be learned from the story that _______.A．this family were not rich but diligentB．papa didn’t love the straw hat and mamaC．protecting hair was very importantD．a cowboy hat was useful on farming阅读理解。

2016高考英语(通用版)二轮复习+第一部分+专题一阅读理解第一讲专题针对训练+Word版含答案

2016高考英语(通用版)二轮复习+第一部分+专题一阅读理解第一讲专题针对训练+Word版含答案

(一)A(2016·辽宁五校联考)It is best known as a city of monument.In the middle of traffic circles or on street corners，you’ll find statues，plaques (匾牌)，and simple blocks of marble there.They honor the people who helped shape the US.And on Oct.20，Lonely Planet，one of the world’s largest travel guides，named Washington D．C.the No.1 city in its list of “Best in Travel 2015”．“The year 2015 is a fantastic year to visit Washington D．C.，”Tom Hall，editorial director of Lonely Planet，told The Guardian. “The 150th anniversary of Abraham Lincoln’s assassination(暗杀) makes this year big for Washington D．C.The famous top hat of American’s 16th president and the gun that fired the deadly shot will be on display.Add that to its incredible eats，performing arts and museums.The nation’s capital is looking better than ever.”There are a lot of free museums in the city.When British scientist James Smithson died in 1829，he left a will giving his money to the United States to open a museum at Washington，under the name of the Smithsonian Institution.It has turned out to be a wonderful gift，and the institution now covers 19 museums.And of course，no Washington tour is complete without seeing the White House，the Capitol，and the Supreme Court，which are home to the three pillars (核心) of the US government.But there is more to explore in the center of US power.It is a city you can walk across，with wide­open avenues，old neighborhoods，and river views.And as USA_Today notes，diversity is another reason to “fall in love with the city”．“There is a lot of diversity in Washington D．C.，seen in its people，its neighborhoods and its landmarks.From Chinatown to Little Ethiopia，visiting the nation’s capital is like seeing the world in one trip，”said the newspaper.【解题导语】本文列举种种理由力证华盛顿是2015年最值得旅游的地方。