中考英语语法考点系列导练(三) 冠词

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专题三冠词语法与情景对话1.［2017郴州]—Could you go to the movies this evening?—I'd love to。

But I’ll have_________ important meeting。

A. theB. aC. an D。

/2。

[2017临沂］This afternoon my grandfather bought a magazine and a newspaper. The magazine is in his bag, but he can't remember where he put_________ newspaper。

A。

a B. an C。

the D。

/3。

［2017随州］Lang Lang is famous pianist。

He plays_________ piano very well. A。

a； the B。

the； the C. the； / D。

a； /4。

［2017南充]—Who’s_________ boy under the tree?—Bill。

He’s_________ active boy。

A。

a；an B. a；the C。

中考英语语法专项复习冠词中考考纲中主要考查冠词的基本用法、零冠词的情况、习惯用语中冠词的位置及使用。

卷面中冠词所占分值约为3-7分左右，一般分布在单选、完形填空、短文填空及写作中。

近几年中考对冠词的考查重点是不定冠词a和an的区别，定冠词及零冠词。

对冠词的习惯用法的考查是主要考点之一，所以对此类用法一定要熟记在心。

另外在学习中，应充分重视对最基本的冠词知识的理解、掌握，同时注意冠词活用的问题。

做题时要弄清句子中的单数名词、复数名词或不可数名词及泛指、特指等概念。

预计2018年命题趋势仍可能是定冠词与不定冠词的区别和冠词的习惯用法。

冠词是一种虚词，不能在句子中作独立成分，要用在名词的前面，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物。

它不能离开名词而单独存在，因此，可以说冠词就是名词的一种标志。

在英语中，冠词分为不定冠词(a和an)和定冠词(the)两种：不定冠词一般用于单数名词前，表示泛指；定冠词既可修饰可数名词(单复数均可)，又可修饰不可数名词，表示特指。

一、冠词的分类英语中冠词有不定冠词a / an和定冠词the两种,常放在名词的前面,用来限定名词的意义,起泛指或特指的作用。

二、不定冠词a / an的用法思维导图记知识点不定冠词a / an用在单数名词的前面,a用在辅音开头的词前面; an用在元音开头的词的前面。

①表示某一个人或东西,但不具体说明何人或何物。

如：There is a dog lying on the ground.(有一只狗躺在地上。

)②表示某类人或事物,以区别于其他种类。

如：A elephant is much stronger than a man.(大象比人强壮多了。

)(不能译为：一头大象比一个人强壮。

)③表示某类人或事物中的任何一个。

如：He is a teacher of English.(他是英语教师。

)④表示“一”这个数量。

如：There is a table and four chairs in that dining-room.(在那个餐厅里有一张桌子和四把椅子。

专题03-冠词备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法专项练（通用版）一、单项选择1．It’s a nice day today! Let’s go for ________ walk.A．a B．an C．the D．/【答案】A【详解】句意：今天天气真好！我们去散步吧。

考查冠词辨析。

go for a walk“去散步”，固定搭配，故选A。

2．My uncle has ________ good habit of swimming every day.A．an B．the C．a D．/【答案】C【详解】句意：我的叔叔有每天游泳的好习惯。

考查冠词的用法。

此处泛指一个习惯，good 首字母发辅音音素，故选C。

3．We are going to have ________ big exam at ________ end of the term.A．an; the B．a; the C．an; /D．a; an【答案】B【详解】句意：我们将在学期末举行一次大考。

考查冠词。

a不定冠词，修饰辅音音素开头的单词；an不定冠词，修饰元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词，表示特指；第一空泛指“一次大考”，应用不定冠词，big是辅音音素开头的单词，应用a修饰；at the end of...“在……结束时”，是固定短语，故选B。

4．—You’ve dropped ________ “f” in the word “giraffe”.—Oh, ________ letter “f” should be doubled.A．a; a B．a; the C．an; the D．an; a【答案】C【详解】句意：——你在“giraffe”这个词里少了一个“f”。

——哦，应该双写字母“f”。

考查冠词辨析。

a用于辅音音素前；an用于元音音素前；the表示特指。

根据“f”可知，字母发音是元音音素开头，an符合句意；再者根据“letter”可知，此处表示特指已经提到的字母，the符合句意；故选C。

教案中考英语语法考点系列导练（一）名词【考点扫描】名词是表示人或事物名称的词。

它属于一种重要的实词，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、标语、定语或状语。

常见的考点如下：1、名词的各种分类。

单、复数的用法及单数名词变复数名词的方式，包括可数名词的复数的变化规则，少数不规则名词的复数形式及部分单复、数同形的名词。

2、不可数名词数量的表达法。

用“数词或冠词＋量词＋of＋不可数名词”这样的结构来表示，量词可以是单数也可以是复数，但of后面的名词只能用单数。

3、名词所有格及其用法。

以-s结尾的单数名词加“’”或“’s”构成所有格；以-s或-es结尾的复数名词只加“’”；不规则复数名词在词尾加“’s”；两者或两者以上共同所有，把“’s”加在最后的名词上；表示各自拥有某件东西时，每个名词都要用所有格形式。

4、名词作主语时的主谓一致。

主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式，主语为复数，则谓语动词也用复数；主语形式上是单数，但表达复数意义，那么谓语动词要用复数形式；主语形式上是复数形式但表达单数意义，则谓语动词也采用单数形式；谓语动词的人称和数由最靠近它的主语决定。

5、语境中名词的选择。

根据语境确定名词的词义，再根据句法进一步确定词形。

6、易混名词的区别。

主要是要求区别一些常见的容易混淆的名词的用法。

参考答案I. 1-5DDACA6-10 DCBCD 11-15 ADDDC 16-18 DDDBBII.1.safety 2.kindness 3.north er 5.visitors 6.hours’7.halves 8.turning 9.travellers 10.Frenchmen,Germans中考英语语法考点系列导练（二）代词【考点扫描】代词是用来代替名词的词。

它是英语语法结构中的一个重要项目，也是中考测试的重点内容之一。

纵观历年中考试题，出现频率最高的是不定代词，其次是it用法、疑问代词、反身代词以及人称代词等。

中考英语专题 -《冠词》 -考点归纳 +随堂练习【考点 1-不定冠词】不定冠词的用法用法例句用法例句用于第一次提到的人或物的名称前This is a useful book. 这是一本有用的书。

泛指一类人或事物 , 以区别于其他种类 A plane is a machine that can fly.飞机是一种能飞的机器。

泛指某人或某物 A young man is waiting for you.一位年轻人在等你。

用于表示时间、速度、价格等意义的名词前用在序数词前表示“又一 , 再一”, 表示“每一”We go swimming three times a month.我们每月去游泳三次。

Thecake is delicious, andI ’d like a second one.这个蛋糕很美味, 我想再要一个。

固定搭配Take a photo 照相have a look 看一看have a try 试一试have a cold 感冒have a walk 散步have a rest 休息take a bus 乘坐公交车in a hurry 匆忙for a while 一会儿keep a diary 记日记have a good/great time 玩得愉快不定冠词 a 和an 的区别a 用在以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前，字母前。

常见的以元音音素开头的单词前用a/an an 用在以元音音素开头的单数可数名词或的情况如下：Aa Ee Ii Oo an apple/ an artist/ an aunt/ an Asian country/ an American girla European country/ an egg/ an English dictionary/ an 11-year-old boyan idea/ an interesting storyAn old man/ an outgoing girl/ an orangean umbrella/ a useful book/ a university student/ a UFO/ a usual story/ an ugly man/ an uncle/ an unhappy smileUu/ an unusual day特别记忆：an hour/ an honest man【考点 2-定冠词】用法用于双方都知道的人或事物前指一人或事物中特定的人或事物特指的或上文提到的人或物用在世界上独一无二的事物前用在序数或形容的最高前用在与 play 用的器名称前用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示一家人或夫用于江河、海洋、山脉、群、沙漠等有名前，或由普通名构成的有名之前用在方位名前常搭配例或例句Give me the book, please. 把那本我。

中考英语冠词专项复习【考点清单】一、不定冠词的用法………………1.不定冠词a用在以辅音音素开头的单词、字母等的前面;an则用在以元音音素开头的单词、字母等的前面。

2.不定冠词a(n)用来指某人或某事物,具有泛指的意味,只说明大体的情况,用于可数名词单数前。

3.a(n)和one同源，可表示微弱的“一”的概念。

但a(n)泛指同类事物中的“任何--个”;one 则强调数目概念，表示“一个” a(n)还可用于表示速度、价格等的名词词组中,意为“每”。

4.不定冠词可以用于序数词前,表示“又一,再一”之意。

5.不定冠词常用于一些固定短语中,如 have arest.in a hurry.a lot of.have a look.have a colD.have a try have a good time aftera while make an effort、give sB.a hand 等。

二、定冠词的用法…………………6.表示特指上文提到过的或谈话双方都知道的人或物。

7.用在 play 后表示西洋乐器的名词之前。

8.用在表示宇宙中独一无二的事物的名词前。

9.用在某些由普通名词构成的专有名词前。

10.用在可数名词单数或形容词前,表示一类人或事物。

11.用在姓氏复数形式前,表示此姓氏的“一家人”或“夫妇二人”。

12.用在表示顺序的序数词的前面。

13.用在表示比较意义的形容词、副词最高级前,副词最高级前的 the 可省略。

14.用于一些固定短语中,如 the same all theyear round at the age of on the left/ right by the way.in the middle of the day after tomorrow.the day before yesterday 等。

三、不用冠词的情况……………15.在表示三餐以及球类运动、棋类活动等的名词前通常不用冠词。

训练（三）---It is eight-kilometre walk from here.A. the; anB. /; anC. the; aD. /; a (2005) 5. ---What would you like for ~ breakfast, Mr Scott?---Three pieces of bread with ~ cup of black tea, please.A. a; aB. /; theC. a; theD. /; a(三)考点练习：1. There is "x" in word "box".A. a; anB. a; theC. an; theD. a; a2. The house in front of the river is on fire.A ./; / B. the; the C. the; / D./; a3. -- What's the matter with you?-- I caught bad cold and had to stay in bed.A. a; /B. a; theC./; theD. a; a4. My uncle isn't old man, and he likes playing football.A. a; aB. an; anC. the; theD. an; /5. -- What will you do on Christmas Eve?-- We'll have unusual party.A. aB. anC. theD. ]6. Greens are on visit to a beautiful city in China.A./, aB. A; theC. The; aD. The; /7. The zoo is a bit far. It will take us half hour to get there by bus.A. an; aB. an; /C. a; theD./; /8. They went to Yuexiu Park on Children's Day.A./; /B. the; theC./; theD. the; /9. She is'neither European nor American. She is from Australia.A. a; a;/B. a; an; theC. a; an;/D. 1: the; the10. sun is much bigger than earth.A..A; theB. A; anC. The; anD. The; the11. Changjiang River is longest river in our country.A.The; theB. A; aC. The; aD. A; the12. -- What colour is orange?-- It' s orange.A. an; anB. an; theC. an; [D./; an13. Mr Wang always gives me hand when I am in trouble.A. aB. anC. theD. /14. During the summer holidays he played piano in the morning and played football in the afternoon.A. the; theB./; theC. the; /D./; /5. He often says rich should help poor.A. the; aB. a; theC. the; theD./; /16. This is song I've told you about. Isn't it beautiful one?A. the; theB. a; aC. the; aD. a; the17. We had lunch together moment ago.A. /; aB. a; aC. a; /D. the; the18. I think study is important work.A. aB. /C. anD. the19. Mary was ill in bed, and her mother was sitting on bed by her.A. the; aB. /; theC. the; theD. the; /20. India and China are of same continent.A. /; aB. The; theC. /; /D. /; the名词A. voiceB. soundC. noiseD. singing5. --Help yourself to .--Thanks, Mum; it tastes good.A. some chickensB. a chickenC. some chickenD. any chicken6. Twelve were hurt, but no were lost in that accident.A. person; lifeB. people; livesC. peoples; livesD. persons; life (2002) 7. way it is from Guangzhou to Paris!A. How longB. What a longC. How a longD. What long8. ---You look very tired this morning. What did you do yesterday afternoon?---I did Christmas shopping.A. a lot ofB. a few ofC. a number ofD. a piece of (2003) 9. wonderful music it is! I like Bethoven's better than anybody's.A. WhatB. ,How aC. What aD. How(2004) 10. --Thanks for giving me I wanted.--You are welcome.A. the informationB. an informationC. the informationsD. information(2005) 11. -- What about Mr. Black's speech?-- Wonderful! There were people there.A. a large number ofB. muchC. a great deal ofD. lots12. -- Did you and your friends ride your bicycles to the beach yesterday afternoon?-- Yeah. we had!A. How a funB. What funC. What a funD. How fun13. This is ~ that all of us believe it's very important.A. such useful informationB. so useful an informationC. so useful informationsD. such a useful information （三）考点练习：1. The people want to have some for supper, so they decide to catch now.A. fishes; muchB. fish; manyC. fish; muchD. fishes; many2. -- Are those ？-- No, they aren' t. They' re .A. sheep; cowsB. sheep; cowC. sheeps; cowD. sheeps; cows3. -- Would you like ?-- Thank you. I'm not thirsty.A. some breadB. some juiceC. any breadD. any .juice4. There is no in the bus so we have to wait for another bus.A. roomB. a roomC. roomsD. seats5. Last night, there was a food accide~at. The were iii, but no were lost.A. child; livesB. children; lifeC. children; livesD. child; life6. -- C/m I help you, sir?-- Yes, I'd like four and some peas.A. tomatosB. potatoesC. meatD. banana7. "I don't think that's a good for parking in the wrong place. You'll have to pay the fine?" said the policeman.A. ideaB. excuseC. reasonD. thought8. -- Who made a phone call for me just now, David?-- I don't know, but it was a girl'sA. soundB. noiseC. answerD. voice9. Please keep quiet. If you make a lot of , you may disturb others.A. soundB. noiseC. singingD. voice10. Paul has been in Guangzhou for over ten years. Guangzhou has become Paul's second .A. homeB. houseC. familyD. mom11.-- Would you like __ coffee?-- No, thanks. I've drunk twoA. any; bottles of orangeB. little; bottle of orangesC. some; bottles of orangeD. a few; bottles of orange12. There are a lot of down there, but hardly anyA. horse; peopleB. horses; peoplesC. horse; peopleD. horses; people13. He had something to write down and asked me for .A. a paperB. some papersC. a piece of paperD. some pieces of papers14. My school is about walk from my home.A. twenty minuteB. twenty minutes'C. twenty minute'sD. twenty minutes15. -- How many do you want?-- Two, please.A. kilos of eggB. kilo of eggsC. kilos of eggsD. kilo of bread16. The market isn't far from here. It's only bicycle ride.A. half an hours'B. half an hour' sC. half an hourD. an hour and a half17. His father gave him a .A. ten dollars billB. ten-dollars billC. ten-dollarbillD. ten dollars' bill18. These are very expensive.A. woman's handbagsB. woman handbagsC. women's handbagsD. women handbags19. There are two and four in our group.A. German; JapaneseB. Germans; JapaneseC. Germen; JapanesesD. Germen; Japanese20. Don't worry. Two will come here to help you.A. man doctorB. man doctorsC. men doctorD. men doctors21.-- Whose is this new desk?-- It's .A. Joe and Mary'sB. Joe's and Mary'sC. Joe's and MaryD. Joe and Mary has22. When we saw the film Hero, I sat between Ted and Ben. That is to say, my seat was between .A. Ted and BenB. Ted's and BenC. Ted and Ben'sD. Ted's and Ben's23. -- Do you have much work to do this weekend?-- Yes, I have to write a paper.A. two-thousand-wordB. two-thousand-wordsC. two-thousands-wordD. two thousand words24. Jim isn't here. He's gone to the .A. doctorB. doctorsC. doctor'sD. doctors'25. There is nothing new in .A. today newspaperB. newspaper for todayC. today' s newspaperD. newspaper of today' s26. Look! good time the children are having!A. HowB. How aC. WhatD. What a27. -- weather! It' s raining!-- Bad luck! We have to stay at home all day.A. What fineB. How fineC. How badD. What bad28. lucky you were to see YaoMing at the airport!A. WhatB. What aC. HowD. How a29. The text is very easy for us. There are __ new words in it.A. someB. fewC. manyD. lots of30. Mr Black is an old friend of .A. Peter' s father' sB. Peter' s fatherC. father of PeterD. Peter father's阅读与写作：Mr Hay lives in South Africa. He has sent a letter to the editor of a newspaper about young people today.South Africa DailyLetters to the EditorDear Editor,What is happening to young people today? I worry about the future of our great country if it is in their hands. I see three main problems.1. Young people have too much money.When I was young, I only got a little pocket money. I liked to collect stamps. I didn't have enough money to buy stamps so I asked my neighbours for their old ones. They gave me stamps from many countries and I was really happy. I still have old stamps from France, the Philippines, Spain and even North Korea. But today, young people get far too much pocket money. They buy mobile phones and CDs by terrible rap singers whenever they want. And by next year, they'll want a new phone with the latest features.2. Young people do not help older people.When I was young, I always helped old people. If I saw an old woman with heavy shopping bags, I would help her all the way home. I was shopping in my local supermarket yesterday. I had lots of bags with heavy bottles and cans. There were young people there but none of them wanted to help me. They were too busy looking at shelves full of DVDs. I shouted at them but they just laughed.3. Young people don't care about the past.Young people study history but do they care about it? I saw a group of students with their teachers in a museum last week. When I was young, I didn't need my teacher to take me to a museum. I wanted to go myself. I asked them questions about world history, such as the date World War I started and finished. None of them knew! One girl with pink hair said she would find out at home on the Internet tonight. She should learn history instead of changing her hair colour.Teachers and parents, start teaching our young people and stop giving them too much money.Yours faithfully,Stewart GrumpyⅠ. Circle the correct answer.The editor of a newspaper isa) a writer b) a reporter c) the boss d) a writer and a reporter2. Mr Grumpy thinksa) young people have a lot of money b) neighbours should still give him stampsc) young people should buy stamps d) mobile phones should have the latest features3. If something is in the future, ita) happened b) has happened c) is happening d) will happen4. In the passage, 'ones' refers toa) money b) neighbours c) countries d) stamps5. 'Local' means in youra) neighbourhood b) house c) school d) country6. If something has the 'latest features', ita) is old b) is very newc) looks the same as the old model d) is not for sale yet7. Mr Grumpy shouted at the young people becausea) they like DVDs b) they didn't carry his bagsc) they were too busy d) they didn't want his heavy bottles or cans8. Cans are made ofa) paper b) wood c) metal d) plastic9. Mr Grumpy wants parentsa) to give their children more moneyb) to do nothing for their childrenc) not to give their children a lot of moneyd) teach their children then give them pocket money10. A better title for this passage would bea) 'The Good and Bad of Young People' b) 'What's Wrong Today's Youth?'c) 'Old Man Complains' d) 'No Help with My Shopping' Ⅱ. Reply to Mr Grumpy.Write back to Mr Grumpy. Tell him three ways that young people are good people. e.g. do voluntary work, use the Intemet for study. End with 'Yours faithfully' & name. Dear Editor,In response to Mr Grumpy's letter about young people, I want him to know that we have many good points. Many of us。

冠词专项复习知识点梳理考点一不定冠词a, an的用法不定冠词通常用于单数可数名词前，a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前，而an则用于以元音音素开头的单词前。

1. 表示类别，泛指一类人或物。

2. 表示某人或某物，但不具体说明是何人或何物。

3. 表示“每一”，相当于every.4. 表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one 强烈。

5. 两个名词前只用了一个a或an, 就表示一个整体或一个人具有两个特征。

常见的纯不可数名词，它们是：weather, fun, space, advice, word(＝news), progress, information, news，以上不可数名词永远不能与不定冠词a/an直接连用。

6. “a+序数词”，表示“又一，再一”。

7.表示某类人或事物,以区别于其它种类。

如：An elephant is much stronger than a man.8. 用于固定短语中。

a bit(一点), a little(一点), a few(几个), a lot of (许多), a kind of(一种), a pair of(一副、一双), a number of(大量的), a piece of (一张、一片), half an hour(半小时), a moment ago(刚才) ,have a good time(玩得开心), have a cold(感冒), make a noise(发出嘈杂声), have/take a(rest等)(休息一会儿)等等。

考点二定冠词the的用法定冠词the与指示代词this, that, these, those意义相当，用于不可数名词、可数名词单复数前，表示某个或某些定的人或事物。

1. 表示特指时用定冠词the.2. 表示说话双方都知道的人或事；指上文已提到的人或事物。

3. 用于世界上独一无二的事物前，前面一般加定冠词，但如果此类名词前有修饰成分，也可以加a/an。

中考英语语法专练——冠词【01 巩固练】1．If you want to take ________ short ride in the city, choose ________ shared bike.A．a; /B．the; /C．a; a D．/; a2．I think ________ young in our village are now living much more comfortable life than we did. A．a B．the C．/3．—I want to go to different places, but I don’t know ________ way.—You can use ________ map, I think.A．a; a B．the; a C．a; the D．the; 不填4．—Do you know ________ boy in a blue coat?—Yes, he is my brother, Li Lei.A．the B．an C．a5．You have set ________ good example for me. I will make an effort to reach ________ height you did.A．a; a B．the; the C．a; the D．the; a6．I read ________ unusual story last night. ________ story is about the heroes in the fight against COVID - 19.A．a; A B．an; The C．a; The D．a; An7．Now, beginning in August, ________ new train line runs from Beijing across ________ Silk Road.A．a; the B．/; the C．the; a D．the; /8．Mr. Zhao lives in ________ Ninth Street and he keeps a coffee house there.A．the B．a C．an D．/9．Mr. Smith and his wife went to London ________ plane yesterday.A．by B．in C．on D．at10．I often have ________ breakfast at 7:00 in the morning.A．a B．an C．the D．/【02 提升练】一、单项选择1．（2021·黑龙江真题）I would like to be ________ scientist in the future. They are so great. A．a B．an C．the2．（2021·湖南真题）—We have worked for a long time.—Yeah, let’s go out for a walk. It is ________ useful way to relax.A．a B．an C．the3．（2021·广西真题）—Tina, you’re too careless. You missed _______ “n” in _______ word “Internet” again.—Sorry, Ms. Gao. I will be more careful next time.A．an; the B．the; an C．the; a D．/; the 4．（2021·辽宁真题）Locus usually has ________ egg and some milk for breakfast.A．a B．an C．the D．/5．（2021·江苏真题）As ________ teacher, it’s important to be ________ good role model for their students.A．the; a B．a; the C．a; a D．the; the 6．（2021·山东真题）—What’s ________ population of China? —It has ________ population of 1.4 billion.A．a; a B．a; the C．the; a D．the; the 7．（2021·吉林真题）Tom thinks playing ___________basketball is a good way to relax himself. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 8．（2021·贵州真题）—Did you watch ________ show Chinese Poetry Conference（诗词大会）yesterday evening?—Yes. It was really ________ great success.9．（2021·江苏真题）My family have ________ breakfast together every day. This helps us start a day well.A．不填B．a C．an D．the 10．（2020·湖北真题）—Does your teacher go to work by ___________ car every day?—No. He usually takes ___________ bus.A．/; /B．/; the C．a; the D．the; a二、完成句子11．（2021·湖北随州·中考真题）我长大想成为一名工程师。

中考英语语法第一轮复习之冠词与介词冠词一、概念1.冠词是一种虚词，不能单独担当句子成分e.g. The sun rose red. 旭日升。

冠词+太阳组成这个句子的主语2.主要放在名词前，不能离开名词单独存在e.g. You’d better take the as soon as possible.A. medicineB. medicalC. 不填3.在句中对名词起限制作用e.g. Open the door, please! 请开门！（特指开说话者指定的门）二、分类1.不定冠词：a an 表泛指，即首次提到的或不限定的人或事物。

也可表示数量“一”。

后面接可数名词单数。

元音音素前用an,辅音音素前用a。

e.g. ① I’m an English teacher. 我是一名英语老师。

表示某类人或事物中的任何一个。

② A plane is a machine that can fly. 飞机是一种能飞的机械。

用在可数名词单数前，表示某一类人或事物，以区别于其他种类。

③ There is a plane flying in the sky. 有一架飞机在天上飞。

表示某人或某物，但不具体说明是何人何物。

④ There is a plane flying in the sky. The plane is really fast. 有一架飞机在天上飞。

这架飞机真的飞得很快。

EX: 以下那些句子应填入不定冠词There is dog lying on the ground.There is man swimming in the river. He must be Jack!young man is waiting for you.He came to Beijing in autumn of 2008.⑤ I have failed twice, but I will try a third time. 我失败两次了，但是我将再尝试一次。