【中式英语】错误的逻辑关联词

记住英语中24种逻辑关系词，你会发现英语学起来，痛快多了！大多数人在阅读过程中很少考虑逻辑关系词的作用，导致在阅读过程中对文章的理解效率比较低。

实际上，英文学术文章中有很多逻辑关系词，这些关系词对我们的文章理解有着直接或间接的帮助作用。

阅读中常见的逻辑关系有并列关系、递进关系、转折关系、让步关系、比较关系、因果关系等。

从语言学角度来讲，英语属于形合语言，逻辑关系词的主要在于让句子成分之间、句子与句子之间、以及段落与段落之间实现自然衔接。

若用一词概括，即为起承转合，“起”是起因,文章的开头；“承”是事件的过程；“转”是结果是转折；“合”是对该事件的议论,是结尾。

而逻辑连词正是文章的扭结。

理顺连词打通扭结，你会发现英语学起来，痛快多了。

1 表递进moreover 而且in addition 此外what is more 更furthermore 此外also 还then 然后besides 除了what's worse 更糟的是and 以及 too 以及 as well as 也additionally 另外again 又likewise 同样not only...but also... 不但……而且2 表转折however 但nevertheless 虽然on the other hand 另一方面on the contrary 反之rather than 而不是instead of 而不是but 但是yet 但是unfortunately 不幸的是whereas 而although 虽然though 虽然otherwise 否则by contrast 反之，通过对比at the same time 与此同时despite 尽管even so 即便如此in contrast 相比较even though 即使所有for all that 所有not with standing 尽管如此in spite of 尽管last but not least 最后但并非最不重要instead 代替thus 从而what is more 更；而且not only...but also 不但……而且……still 仍然in contrast to 相比较regardless 无论；不管while 而different from 不同的是for all that 尽管，虽然如此or 要不；否则；或者notwithstanding 虽然even though 即使despite 尽管after all 毕竟except (for) 除了of course 固然；尽管；当然some...others 一些、另外的on the other hand 另一方面once 以前now 现在the first...whereas the second 第一……而第二then...now 然后……现在the former...the latter 前者……后者finally 最后；最终here...there 这里……那里so 因此3 表层次on the one hand 一方面on the other hand 另一方面first 首先 second 其次finally 最后firstly 首先secondly 其次then 然后to begin with 首先further 进一步and…equally important 和同样重要in addition 此外in the first place 首先still 仍然furthermore 此外what is more 更；而且last but not least 最后但并非最不重要secondly 其次and then 进而next 接着to start with 开始besides 除了moreover 而且finally 最后4 表强调in fact 其实indeed 的确actually 其实as a matter of fact 事实上apparently 显然emphasis 强调chiefly 主要是primarily 主要in particular 尤其是surely 一定n any case 不管怎么样especially 特别是clearly 显然without any doubt 毫无疑问to repeat 重复no doubt 毫无疑问needless to say 不用说undoubtedly 无疑absolutely 绝对still 仍oddly enough 奇怪的是of course 当然after all 毕竟significantly 显著interestingly 有趣的是also 也above all 首先certainly 当然anyway 无论如何obviously 明显necessarily 要紧；一定truly 真正most important 最重要的是particularly 尤其most important of all 最重要的是5 表结果和原因evidently 明显地first of all 首先undoubtedly 无疑without any shadow of doubt 毫无疑问thus 从而hence 故；从此so 因此therefore 因此accordingly 因此；所以；从而consequently 所以since = now that 自从as 因为for the reason 由于；因为so that 以便as consequence 所以as a result 结果；因此on this / that account 于是such that 如此in this way 这样because 因为since 自从otherwise 否则Cause and effect) for 由于because of = thanks to= due to = owing to 由于for this reason 为此on account of 考虑到as a consequence 结果for as a consequence 后果6 表结尾therefore 因此then 然后；因此；那么accordingly 从而because (of) 由于or 因为thanks to 由于hence 因此as a result of 结果consequently 所以thus 因而since 自从owing to 由于for the reason that 因为7 表举例in a word 总之therefore 因此sum up 总之such as 例如to begin with 首先besides 此外for one thing 首先；一方面in conclusion 总之；最后in short 总之；简而言之as a case in point 作为一个很好的例子first of all 首先furthermore 此外in addition 此外for another 另外8 表比较similarly 同样likewise 同样like 像……一样equally 一样compared 相比…in a like manner 以类似的方式just as 正如however 可是in the same way 以同样的方式in the same manner 以同样的方式in comparison 相比较in contrast 与此相反in comparison 相比较just like 就像similar to 类似the same as 同…一样9 表对比by contrast 通过对比on the contrary 反之while 而whereas 而unlike 不像instead 代替but 但conversely 反过来different from 不同的是however 但in a sharp contrast 鲜明对比的是in contrast 相比较；相对于even though 即使，即便如此on the other hand 另外on the one hand 一方面otherwise 否则as opposed to 相对于while 而yet 但by comparison 通过比较similarly 同样nevertheless 虽然still 仍然in spite of 尽管10 表举例for example 例如for instance 例如in other words 换句话说in this case 在这种情况下as an example 作为一个例子take… for example 例如say namely 比如after all 毕竟except (for) 除了like… 就比如…，正如…to illustrate as an illustration 作为一个例子来说明by way of illustration 以说明的方式to illustrate 说明to name a few 仅举几例11 表时间later 后来lately 终于next 接着then 然后soon 不久immediately 立刻；随即meanwhile 与此同时finally 最后at last 最后 eventually 终于since 自从lately 最近afterward 之后temporarily 暂时earlier 最初 now 现在first 首先again 又also 也before 以前besides 除了formerly 以前further 进一步furthermore 此外last 最后simultaneously 同时shortly 不久still 仍然subsequently 随后thereafter 此后until 直到 recently 最近after 以后gradually 慢慢的；逐渐till 直到when 当……时nowadays 目前now presently 目前during 在……期间now and then 偶尔in the meanwhile 同时in the meantime 在此期间in the end 到底in addition 此外in the first place 首先in the past 在过去in a few days 几天之内after a while 稍后after a few days 几天以后at that time 当时as long as 只要as soon as 一……就at present 目前at the same time 同时at length 最后at first 起初from now on 今后from then on 从那时起so far 到目前为止for the time being 暂时；眼下when now 当下and then 进而to begin with/ to start with 首先at that moment 在那一刻suddenly = all of a sudden 突然until now 直到现在after that 之后not…until 不…直到while 一会儿12 表顺序first 首先second 其次then 其次,然后finally 最后last 最终,最后next 接着after 以后afterwards 之后earlier 最初later 后来behind 后面beside 旁边beyond 外面above 以上below 以下to begin with 首先first of all 首先in the first place 首先above all 首先in the end 到底at last 最后first and most important 首先且最重要的last but not the least 最后但并非最不重要near（to) 靠近far（from）远离in front of 前面in the middle 中间to the right （left）到右（左）边on the other side 另一面opposite 反面13 表可能presumably 想必probably 大概perhaps 也许therefore 因此so 所以as a result(of) 作为结果accordingly 因而otherwise 否则maybe 可能14 表解释in other words 换句话说in fact 其实in simpler terms 简单地说in this case 在这种情况下 in addition 此外in fact/ as a matter of fact / actually 其实another way 另一种方式to tell you the truth 实话告诉你as a matter off act 事实上that is 就是说for example 例如for instance 例如frankly speaking 坦白的说now 既然namely 即,意即actually 实际上to put it differently 换句话说that is to say 也就是说15 表让步admittedly 诚然whatever 无论hence 因此nevertheless 然而as 虽然though 虽然 although 尽管despite 尽管in spite of... 尽管even though 尽管even if 即使even so 即便如此granted 就算如此 naturally 自然however 无论如何still 仍然provided 假如or 或者whenever 无论何时 whoever 无论谁wherever 无论哪里whether 不论；或者whichever 无论哪一个after all 毕竟while it is true 虽然这是事实no matter how (who, what, which, where) 无论多么(谁,什么,哪一个,哪里)all the same 仍然 of course 当然16 表总结accordingly 因此therefore 因此thus 因此altogether to conclude 完全可以说general 一般specially 特别finally 终于namely 也就是indeed 的确in other words 换句话说thus 因此altogether 总而言之all in all 总之in consequence 结果in sum 总之consequently 因此hence 因此so 因此the point is 关键是obviously 显然of course 当然differently 不同的是as a result 结果as for me 依我之见to some extent 在某种程度上on the whole 大体上in conclusion 总之in a word 一句话in brief 简言之in summary 总之in general 一般来说in short 简而言之in other word 也就是in my opinion 在我看来in a word 总的来说in all 总的来说in fact 事实上in simpler terms 简单地说in my view 在我看来in particular 特别是it is true 事实上at last 最后as I have shown 正如我所表明的as has been stated generally speaking 正如所说as has been said 如上所述as far as I am concerned 就我而言as what has been mentioned 正如已经提到的to sum up 总之to summarize 简而言之to conclude 总而言之to put it differently 换句话说17 其他类型连接词mostly 通常occasionally 偶尔currently 一般naturally 自然mainly 主要exactly 完全in this case 在这种情况下frankly 坦率地说commonly 通常for this purpose 为此to a large extent 在很大程度上for most of us 对于我们大多数人evidently 显然in many cases 在许多情况下18 表示时间与频率的词汇every 每一some 一些after 以后usually 通常almost 几乎frequently 经常mainly 主要finally 最后rarely 难得；很少；几乎不before 之前on the whole 大体上at other times 平时in most cases 在大多数情况下in general 一般来说as a rule 一般说来meanwhile 与此同时always 总是often 经常19 表示附加的词additionally 此外as well as 以及just as 正如again 再次along with 连同also 并且besides 除此之外further 进一步furthermore 此外in the same manner 同样地in the same way 同样地in addition to 除…之外20 表示增加的过渡词also 也so that 为了；目的是and 以及and then 于是in addition 除了another 另一个again 再次on top of 另外moreover 此外first 首先furthermore 此外second 其次too 也third 再次21 表示目的的过渡词lest 唯恐for this reason 为此furthermore 此外for this purpose 为了这个目的again 再次so as to 以便also 也so that 所以besides 除了in order that 为了similarly 同样in addition 此外moreover 此外what’s more 不仅如此next 接着finally 最后22 表示并列关系or, and, also, too 也not only … but also… 不但……而且as well as 以及so…that 太…以至于both… and… 既……又either …or… 或者…或者neither…nor… 既不……也不23 表示并列补充关系what is more 而且；此外also 还besides 除了as well 也；此外moreover 此外furthermore 此外in addition 此外24 表示条件关系as (so) long as 只要if 假如 unless 除非eventually 终于presently 目前somewhat 有点；稍微as if 仿佛by the way of 通过这种方式on condition that 如果on the condition 只要or else 要不然in the meantime 与此同时from then on 从那时起after an interval 一段时间后all of a sudden 一下子on the contrary 相反在会议的商务人士。

历年考研英语中常见的十五种【1】“逻辑关系词（或称衔接词）”Preface：“逻辑关系词”对于一篇好的文章来说是非常重要的它就像一座桥，连接段与段、句与句，起到一种微妙的“衔接上下文”作用，即承上启下、起承转合、过渡性作用。

有效充分地利用逻辑关系词可以让你的文章“语义连贯、完整、顺畅”，不至于太突兀！下面就是我耗费心血、精心整理而成的历年考研英语中常见的十五种逻辑关系词，掌握了这些有助于你做阅读理解，有助于在阅读中更好、更快地把握文章的的写作思路和整体结构框架，理清文章的逻辑顺序与段与段之间的语义、逻辑关系，从而迅速找出正确答案。

有利于做排序题，更有利于你的写作（写作时尽量用那些字数多的短语，这样可以增加作文字数）。

需要注意的一点是，有的逻辑关系词不只表示一种逻辑关系，有些逻辑关系之间是贯通的，例如otherwise表示转折、对比、结果3种逻辑关系；让步之中含有转折的含义；对比之中含有转折、强调之意；并列之中含有递进的含义，例如as well as，aswell，also，too既表示并列又表示递进；总结之中含有强调的含义，例如substa ntially，generally，mainly既表示总结又表示强调;递进之中有补充解释说明之意，例如namely，in otherwords。

考研朋友们在做题中应当加以体会和领悟。

期望本文能对考研的朋友有所裨益。

同时本人热烈欢迎各位朋友踊跃对本文加以批评和相互交流，在此，我对朋友们的帮助表示无尽的感激之情第一，表示因果（世界上最重要的一种关系就是因果关系）1.表示原因because （of）=be responsible for = as = since =for = therein = root=origin（al）=causality = due∕owing∕thanks ∕according to = beattributed∕contributed to （原因是）= now∕in that =seeing∕considering∕given （that）= on account of =on this account = on groundof∕that（强调主观理由）= out of = for the sake of = in （the）light of = inview of （the fact that）= by∕in virtue of = by reason of = as aresult∕consequence of = in consequence of =arise from = put sth down tosth（把……归因于……）【注】put down ① 把……归因于+ to sth ② 把……看作∕视为 put sth down as sth ③使（当众）出丑，让某人丢人现眼④ 写下，记下⑤ 将……提请（议会或委员会）审议 toput down a motion∕amendment提交一项动议或修正案⑥登记，注册，列入名单 + for sth 例句：Put me down for three tickets for Saturday。

《常用逻辑连接词》1. “因为”就像一把钥匙，能开启因果关系的大门。

我和同学讨论数学题，我说这道题答案是错的，因为计算过程中公式用错了。

就像你要打开一扇门，“因为”这个词就是那把对应的钥匙，没有它，你能清楚地解释为什么答案不对吗？2. “所以”仿佛是旅程的终点指示牌。

老师讲完一个科学原理后说，根据这个原理，所以会出现这样的实验现象。

这就像你沿着一条路走，“所以”就是告诉你，按照前面的情况，你走到了这个结果的站点，难道不是很清晰吗？3. “并且”好似连接两座岛屿的桥梁。

我在写作文描述一个地方，我说那里风景很美，并且美食众多。

这“并且”就像桥梁，把风景和美食这两座“岛屿”连接起来，让读者能同时看到这个地方的两个美好之处，你能体会这种连接的作用吗？4. “或者”像岔路口的路标。

我和朋友商量周末活动，我说我们可以去看电影或者去公园散步。

这“或者”就像岔路口的标识，给我们提供了不同的选择路径，让我们能根据心情和情况决定走哪条路，是不是很方便？5. “如果”像是魔法世界的预言水晶球。

我给弟弟讲故事，我说如果小男孩不勇敢，他就无法战胜邪恶的巫师。

这“如果”就像水晶球，提前展现出一种假设的情景和结果，让故事充满悬念，你喜欢这样讲故事吗？6. “那么”如同导航里的下一步提示。

教练在教我们体育技巧时说，先做好热身，那么接下来就能更好地进行训练动作。

这“那么”就像导航告诉我们做完一件事之后下一步该怎么做，这样训练才会更有条理，你觉得呢？7. “即使”像风雨中的保护伞。

我看到一个运动员受伤了，有人说即使受伤，他也坚持完成比赛。

这“即使”就像一把伞，在不利的“风雨”（受伤）情况下，依然能撑起一种态度，这种精神是不是很让人钦佩？8. “也”像是合唱里的和声。

我在诗歌朗诵会上听到，有人朗诵道：“我热爱这片土地，你也热爱这片土地。

”这“也”就像合唱中的和声，强调了一种共同性，让情感的表达更加饱满，你能感受到吗？9. “要么”像单选题的选项按钮。

英语连接词连接词的意义分类表递进moreover, in addition, what is more ，furthermore, also, then, besides, etc.表转折however, nevertheless, on the other hand, on the contrary, etc.表层次on the one hand, … on the other hand; first, … second, … finally;表强调firstly, … secondly, … finally …; first, … then … etc.表强调in fact, indeed, actually, as a matter of fact, obviously, apparently,表结果evidently, first of all, undoubtedly, without any shadow of doubt, etc.表结尾therefore, as a result, then, consequently, accordingly, thus, etc.表例举in a word, in conclusion, therefore, in short, to sum up, etc.表强调still, Indeed, apparently, oddly enough, of course, after all, significantly, interestingly, also, above all, surely, certainly, undoubtedly, in any case, anyway, above all, in fact, especially. Obviously, clearly.表比较like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, equally.表对比by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in contrast.表列举for example, for instance, such as, take …for example. Except (for), to illustrate.表时间later, next, then, finally, at last, eventually, meanwhile, from now on, at the same time, for the time being, in the end, immediately, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, recently, soon, now and then, during, nowadays, since, lately, as soon as, afterwards, temporarily, earlier, now, after a while. first after a few days eventually at that time in the meantime meanwhile afterward from then on表顺序first, second, third, then, finally, to begin with, first of all, in the first place, last, next, above all, last but not the least, first and most important.表可能presumably, probably, perhaps.表解释in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, that is, namely, in simpler terms.表递进What is more, in addition, and, besides, also, furthermore, too, moreover, furthermore, as well as, additionally, again.表让步although, after all, in spite of…, despite, even if, even thou gh, though, admittedly, whatever may happen.表转折however, rather than, instead of, but, yet, on the other hand, unfortunately. whereas表原因for this reason, due to, thanks to, because, because of, as, since, owing to.表结果as a result, thus, hence, so, therefore, accordingly, consequently, as consequence.表总结on the whole, in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, in brief, in summary, to conclude, tosummarize, in short.其他类型连接词Mostly, occasionally, currently, naturally, mainly, exactly, evidently,commonly, for this purpose, to a large extent, for most of us, in many cases, in this case,表空间near to far from in the front of beside behind to the right to the left on theother side of表举例for example to name a few, say , such as表递进in addition furthermore what ’ s more what ’ s worse表对比whereas while as opposed to by contrast by comparison表示时间与频率的词汇:in general, every, some, after, on the whole, usually, most,at other times, in most cases, frequently, main, finally, as a rule, rarely, before, meanwhile.表示附加的词:additionally, as well as, just as, again, along with, also, further, furthermore, likewise, in the same manner, in the same way, in addition to,引出例子:for example, namely, for instance, as an example, that is表示转折:although, instead, rather than, but, nevertheless, though, however, on the other hand, otherwise得出结论:all in all, in consequence, in brief, as a result, the point is, in conclusion, therefore, hence, in sum.表示增加的过渡词：also ，and ，and then ，too ，in addition ，furthermore ，moreover ，again ，on top of that ，another ，first second third 等。

英语写作中的逻辑关系词详析作文中的逻辑联系词一直都是帮助考生提高自己成绩的至宝。

我们在写英文复杂句的时候其实就是将两个或两个以上的句子用连接词连接起来的。

前面没有连接词的主+谓+宾的结构叫做主句，而前面加了连接词的主+谓+宾叫做从句。

而如果是多个句子的叠加，则结构如下。

主句+连词+从句+连词+从句英文复杂句的本质其实就是这么简单，当然我们还能写出更加困难的复杂句，但从满分范文可以看出，真正确保了核心结构才能写出满分的句子。

相反的，我们在写考试作文的时候一定要避免为了写难句而写难句(being difficult just for difficulty’s sake).很多同学一相情愿的写出很多的“难句”，却忽视了作文实用加准确的要求，从而难得高分。

所以考生们在平时练习作文的时候提高自己的联系词实用的熟练度和准确度就是提高考试作文质量的最佳途径。

转折关系词1， While; whereas; whilst：用在句首或是句中都是可以的，表示主句和从句的对比，也就是说这三个词均用来表示句中对比，是不能当成句首副词来用的。

EgThis is based on the belief that identical twins share all the same genes whereas all the fraternal twins share only half the same genes.While environmentalists are quick to blame the increased carbon dioxide emissions for the global warming, the truth is that nobody knows whether a similar warming-and the later cooling-occurred before the advent of temperature-related technology in the 1900s.2， by/in contrast:用在句首，表示它之前的一个句子和它后面引导的句子之间的对比，也就是表示句间对比。

中式英语之鉴逻辑连接中式英语是指中国人在使用英语时，受到汉语思维方式影响，导致表达方式含糊不清或语法错误的现象。

以下是中式英语常见的逻辑连接错误示例：1. 重复使用连接词：错误：I like swimming and I like running and I like playing tennis. 修正：I like swimming, running, and playing tennis.2. 未使用适当的连接词：错误：He is good at playing basketball, he also excels in volleyball.修正：He is good at playing basketball, and he also excels in volleyball.3. 强行使用某个连接词：错误：She is my best friend; however, she is always late.修正：She is my best friend, and she is always late.4. 逻辑顺序错误：错误：I am tired, but still study all night.修正：I study all night even when I am tired.5. 错误使用否定词：错误：I don't like neither coffee nor tea.修正：I don't like either coffee or tea.6. 逻辑对比混乱：错误：China has a large population, but the United States has big cities.修正：China has a large population, while the United States has big cities.7. 忽略逻辑关系：错误：I went to the beach yesterday because it was sunny.修正：I went to the beach yesterday because it was sunny.逻辑连接在英语中起到连接句子和表达思想的作用，使用准确和连贯的逻辑连接词能够提高表达的清晰度和可理解性。

1 先后序次关系： at this time; first; second; at last; next；previously; simultaneously; eventually； last but not least； to begin with； to start with；to endwith ；finally ； seeing...；since then；first of all ；afterwards; following this; preceding this. 2 因果关系： because；because of this；being that；another important factor／reason of...； since； as； for； in that...； owing to； due to； for the reason that...；in view of ； the reason seems to be obvious; there are about；... for this reason; as a result of this； therefore； ...and so...； consequently； as a result； thus； hence；so； so that...； in consequence； as a consequence； accordingly; inevitably; under these conditions; thereupon. 3转折关系： but；even so；however；though；even though；independent of；reckless of ； despite that； in spite of that； regardless of; yet...；and yet； but unless. 4 并列关系： and; also；too；as well as；either...，or...； both...and... 5 (增补递进关系：furthermore； moreover；further ；In this way ；still ； not only...but also...； not...but...； in addition (to； additionally, much more interesting, more specifically, next, besides； as far as... is concerned; moreover； in other words；along this line of consideration；on the one hand...，on the other hand...；even； as a poplar saying goes...；in order to do it...; meanwhile； at the same time；accordingly； In the first place...，in the second place...;equally important; of even greater appeal. 6比较关系： similarly; in like manner, in comparison with ；when compared with；compared with； when in fact...; like...； likewise； similarly important； apart from (doing...； ... rather than...，by doing so ；both and...; in the same way; not only...but (also. 7比较 (不一样点： yet; still; for all of that; notwithstanding; rather; neither ... nor; although; though; but; however; something is just the other way around； yet; conversely； unlike； opposed to; as opposed to； in contrast (to； by way of；on the contrary；different from this ；as opposed to this； nevertheless; contrary to； whereas； while ； but on the other hand. 8举例关系 :for example； for instance； in this case; namely； as you know； you may as／say； as he explains；like ； such as； a case in point is...; consider...； in particular；including... ； for one thing...，for another...；put it simply ；stated roughly； as an illustration， I willsay...； a good example (of...would be...；to detail this， I would like to... ； Itis interesting to note that...；in this situation; as proof; take the case of; take as example (something； as for; as regards； as to； according to; on this occasion. 9重申关系： in fact; especially；particularly； moreover； naturally; what is more important； in reality； certainly; of course; indeed; in particular； not to mention...； believe it or not；undeniably; other thing being equal；it is certain／sure that...；to be strict; to be true； by definition; definitely; undoubtedly; without a doubt; in truth, in any event(无论如何 ; without reservation(毫无保存地 ; obviously, not only..but(also..., both... and... 10条件关系 : if ；unless; lest；provided that； if it is the case；in this sense；once...；if possible；if necessary；if so ；if not all; if anything. 11 概括总结类： in other words；on the whole; in sum; therefore；hence； in short； in brief； to sum up；in conclusion; in summary； to conclude； the conclusion can be drawn that...; for this reason; in short. 12地址关系： beyond; opposite to; adjacent to; at the same place; there; over; in the middle; around; in front of; in the distance; farther; here and there; above; below; at the right; between; on this side. 13目的关系： with this object; for this purpose; in order that; in this way, since; so that; on that account; in case; with a view to; for the same reason. 14重申关系： in other words; that is to say; as I have said; again; once again. 15结果关系： accordingly; thus; consequently; hence; therefore; thereupon; inevitably; under these conditions; as a result; as a consequence; because; because of; so that; not only...but (also...; so... as to顺.16序关系： first; second; thirdly; next; then; at the outset(在开始时， following this; at this time; now; at this point; after; afterward; after this; subsequently; lastly; finally; consequently; before this; previously; preceding this; simultaneously; concurrently(同时 . 17 时间关系： at once; immediately; at length; in the mean time; meanwhile; at the same time; in the end; then; soon; not long after; later; at once; at last; finally; some time ago; at present; all of a sudden; from this time on; from time to time; since then; when; whenever; next point; a few minutes later; formerly; as; once; since; occasionally; in a moment; shortly; whereupon; previously.。

中式英语之鉴逻辑连接中式英语是指非英语母语国家（尤其是中国）中学生或者非专业英语人士在学习和使用英语时可能会犯的一些常见错误。

这种英语表达方式通常具有一些特点：词汇、语法和语义方面的错误，以及中式思维习惯的影响。

下面是一些中式英语的常见错误和对应的改正方法。

首先，中式英语中常见的一种错误是在词汇使用方面。

很多时候，中文有一些独特的表达习惯，这些习惯在英语中显得不太自然。

例如，直接翻译中文的习惯用语和成语，往往会造成困扰。

要纠正这种错误，可以尝试使用更合适的英语表达方式或者惯用法。

同时，要注意词汇的准确性和恰当性，避免使用过于口语化或不恰当的词汇。

其次，中式英语中常见的另一种错误是在语法方面。

中文和英文的语法结构存在一些差异，因此在使用英文时，很容易犯一些语法错误。

比如，在使用冠词、时态、动词和名词的单复数等方面，中式英语可能会比较混淆。

为了改正这种错误，建议多加练习，并且在学习英语语法时要有系统的学习方法。

此外，中式英语中还常常出现一些语义方面的错误。

这种错误主要源于中式思维习惯的影响，在理解和表达时往往会带有一定的文化色彩。

例如，中国人经常使用“请问”来表示问候，而在英语中，这样的表达方式可能显得有些拘谨或生硬。

为了纠正这种错误，需要更深入地了解英语的语义和文化内涵，灵活运用英语表达方式，尽量融入当地英语使用环境中。

中式英语之所以存在，主要是因为中国人在使用英语时往往直接翻译中文或者受到了中式思维的影响。

为了避免中式英语的错误，我们应该更加注重英语学习的综合能力和实践能力的培养。

这包括积极参与英语口语和写作训练，多阅读英语原版书籍和报刊杂志，多听多说多写多练，提高英语思维和表达能力。

总而言之，中式英语是非英语母语国家学习和使用英语时常见的一些错误表达方式。

要避免中式英语的错误，我们需要加强词汇和语法的学习，多阅读和多实践，提高英语的综合能力和实际运用能力。

只有这样，我们才能更准确地表达自己的想法，更自如地运用英语进行交流和沟通。

由关联词连接的句子成分所谓关联词就是成对出现的连接词，最常见的有以下这些：•both … and•either … or•neither … nor•not … but•not only … but also使用关联词时，特别重要的是其连接的词语要严格遵守平行，第二个连接词后的成分必须与第一个连接词后的成分语法结构完全一致。

A: The delegates [to a conference on meat production] agreed that these are vital issues forthe next century, both for people's quality of life and for saving the environment.（介词/名词+介词/动名词）B：The delegates agreed that these are vital issues for the next century, affecting both thequality of people's lives and the preservation of the environment.（两个都是以介词短语修饰的名词）A: This will help the authorities set prices that are appropriate not only for their ownlocalities but also in relation to prices throughout the country.（"for x"+"in relation to y"）B：This will help the authorities set prices that are appropriate not only in relation to theirown local localities but also in relation to prices throughout the country.（"in relation tox"/"in relation to y"）。

中考易错题系列连接词的选择与表达逻辑的常见问题中考易错题系列：连接词的选择与表达逻辑的常见问题1. 引言在中考英语考试中，连接词的选择和表达逻辑是容易出错的地方之一。

正确的连接词和表达逻辑可以帮助我们准确地传递信息，使文章更加流畅有序。

然而，很多同学在这方面经常犯错。

本文将针对连接词的选择和表达逻辑常见问题进行分析和总结，希望能帮助同学们在中考英语考试中取得更好的成绩。

2. 连接词的选择连接词在句子中起到连接不同部分、陈述关系和衔接思路的作用。

正确选择连接词可以使句子更加流畅明了，而选择不当则会造成理解上的困扰。

以下是一些常见的连接词和其应用场景：2.1 表示并列关系的连接词在表达并列关系时，我们可以使用"and"、"both...and..."、"not only...but also..."等连接词。

例如：a. I like playing basketball and swimming.（我喜欢打篮球和游泳。

）b. Both my parents and I enjoy hiking in the mountains.（我和我父母都喜欢在山上徒步。

）c. Not only did he visit the museum, but he also went to the park.（他不仅参观了博物馆，还去了公园。

）2.2 表示因果关系的连接词在表达因果关系时，我们可以使用"because"、"as a result"、"due to"等连接词。

例如：a. I couldn't go to the party because I had to study for the exam.（我不能去参加聚会，因为我要准备考试。

）b. He didn't study hard, as a result, he failed the test.（他没有努力学习，结果他考试不及格。