现在完成时难点瞬间动词转换成延续性动词

现在完成时用法短暂性转换延续性1 转换成延续性动词如do keep have wear have a coldstart/begin to do sth. → do sth.borrow → keep lose → not havebuy → have put on → wearcatch/get a cold → have a coldget to know → know2 be +介词begin → be onbe in sw./at school/at home/on the farm3 be +形容词，副词come/go back, return → be back come/go out → be out close → be closed open → be openbecome → beget up → be up die → be deadleave sw. → be away from sw.fall asleep/get tot sleep → be asleepfinish/end → be over marry → be marriedbe here/be there4 join用法join the league/the Party/the army→ be a league/a Party member /a soldier→ be a member of the league/the Party→ be in the league/the Party/the army①arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw.→be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be thereHe got to Beijing five minutes ago.He ________ _________ _________ Beijing for _________ _________.I moved to the USA last year.I ________ ________ __________ the USA since __________ __________.I went home yesterday.I _______ ________ _________ home for _________ __________.They came here last week.They _________ _________ here since _________ __________.②come/go back, return → be back come/go out → be outHe came out two years ago.He _________ __________ _________ for __________ __________.We return to Fuzhou yesterday.We ________ ________ _________ to Fuzhou since __________.③become → beI became a teacher in 2000.I ________ __________ a teacher for _________ _________.The river became dirty last year.The river _________ _________ dirty for _________ __________.④close → be closed open → be openThe shop closed two hours ago.The shop ________ _________ _________ for _________ _________.The door opened at six in the morning.The door ________ ________ ________ for six hours.⑤get up → be up die → be deadleave sw. → be away from sw.fall asleep/get tot sleep → be asleepfinish/end → be over marry → be marriedI got up two hours ago.I ________ ________ ________ since ________ ________.He left Fuzhou just now.He _______ ________ ________ _________ Fuzhou for five minutes.My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa _______ _______ ________for _______ ________.The meeting finished at six.The meeting ________ ______ ______ for six hours.I got to sleep two hours ago.I ________ _________ _________ since _________ __________.They married in 1990.They ________ _________ __________since _________.⑥start/begin to do sth. → do sth. begin → be onI began to teach at this school in 1995.I ____ ____ at this school since ____.The film began two minutes ago.The film ____ ____ ____ for ____ ____.⑦borrow → keep lose → not have buy → have put on → wear catch/get a cold → have a cold get to know → knowThey borrowed it last week.They _________ _________ it since __________ __________.I bought a pen two hours ago.I _________ _________ a pen for ________ __________.I got to know him last year.I _________ __________ him since __________ __________.I put on my glasses three years ago.I __________ __________ my glasses for _________ _________.⑧have/has gone to → have been inHe has gone to Beijing.He ____ ____ _____ Beijing for two days.⑨join the league/the Party/the army→ be a league/a Party member/a soldier→ be a member of the league/the Party→ be in the league/the Party/the armyHe joined the league in 2002.入团He ________ _________ a _________ _________ for two years.He ________ __________ a __________ ___________ the __________ for two years.He ____________ ___________ ___________ the league for two years.My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother __________ __________ a ___________ for ___________ ___________.My brother ___________ ___________ in ____________ ___________ for two years.。

延续性动词与终止性动词：动词按其动作发生的方式，动作发生过程的长短，分为延续性动词和终止性动词。

延续性动词表示的动词是一种延续的动作，这种动词可以延续下去或产生持久的影响。

如：learn，work，stand，lie，know，walk，keep，have，wait，watch，sing，read，sleep，live终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词，表示的动作不能延续，即动作发生立即结束，产生某种结果。

在有了某种结果之后，就不能再继续下去。

如：leave，start，set out，arrive，reach，get to，begin，stop，shut，turn off，marry，put，put on，get up，wake，fall，join，receive，finish，end，complete，become，come，go，die，close，open，break，give，jump，buy，borrow等。

1．终止性动词的用法1）终止性动词可用来表示某一动作的完成，因此可用于现在完成时。

如：The plane has arrived飞机到了。

I have finished my homework．我已完成了作业。

2）终止性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续，所以其现在完成时（只限于肯定式）不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。

如：①他死了三年了。

误：He has died for three years．②他来这儿三个月了。

误：he has come here for three months．①②两句中的动词die和come都为终止性动词，它们可用于完成时，但不能同表示一段时间的状语for three years ／months连用。

那这两句如何译成英语呢？我们可采用下列方法：A．用能够表示持续状态的相应的延续性动词替换句中的终止性动词。

如：①He has been dead for three years．②He has been here for three months．将短暂性动词改为相应的延续性动词或短语和一段时间连用，其常用的方法有如下几种：a．用相应的延续性动词替换的主要有：buy→have，borrow→ keep，come ／go ／become→be，catch ／get a cold→have a cold，get to know→know等。

完成时态瞬间动词变延续性动词规则表延续性动词与终止性动词：动词按其动作发生的方式，动作发生过程的长短，分为延续性动词和终止性动词。

延续性动词表示的动词是一种延续的动作，这种动词可以延续下去或产生持久的影响。

如：learn，work，stand，lie，know，walk，keep， have，wait，watch，sing，read，sleep，live终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词，表示的动作不能延续，即动作发生立即结束，产生某种结果。

在有了某种结果之后，就不能再继续下去。

如：leave，start，set out，arrive，reach，get to，begin， stop，shut，turn off，marry，put，put on，get up，wake，fall，join，receive， finish，end，complete，become，come，go，die，close，open，break，give， jump，buy，borrow等。

1．终止性动词的用法1）终止性动词可用来表示某一动作的完成，因此可用于现在完成时。

如： The plane has arrived飞机到了。

I have finished my homework．我已完成了作业。

2）终止性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续，所以其现在完成时（只限于肯定式）不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。

如：①他死了三年了。

误：He has died for three years．②他来这儿三个月了。

误：he has come here for three months．①②两句中的动词die和come都为终止性动词，它们可用于完成时，但不能同表示一段时间的状语for three years ／months连用。

那这两句如何译成英语呢我们可采用下列方法：A．用能够表示持续状态的相应的延续性动词替换句中的终止性动词。

如：①He has been dead for three years．②He has been here for three months．将短暂性动词改为相应的延续性动词或短语和一段时间连用，其常用的方法有如下几种：a．用相应的延续性动词替换的主要有：buy→have，borrow→ keep，come ／go ／become→be，catch ／get a cold→have a cold，get to know→know等。

瞬间动词如何与延续性动词转换瞬间动词如何与延续性动词转换在学习现在完成时的过程中，我们经常碰到类似这样的句子：1）这辆自行车我已经买了五年了。

2）这位老人已经去世五年了。

此时，有些同学就想当然的将之翻译为：1)I have bought this bike for five years.（此句突出“买”的动作。

言下之意，到现在还没有买到。

）2)The old man has died for five years.(此句突出“死”的动作，给人的感觉是“这位老人五年期间一直在死亡线上挣扎”。

)造成这种错误的主要原因是学习者在运用动词的过程中，将瞬间动词与延续性动词混为一谈。

那么，什么是瞬间动词呢？简而言之，瞬间动词也叫短暂性动词或终止性动词。

这种动词是指它们动作的开始也就意味着动作的结束，所以不能直接跟表示一段的时间状语连用。

那么，如何使瞬间动词与表示一段时间的状语连用呢？此时，我们可以将这些词转换成意义相近的延续性词（组），从而间接表示其中的意思。

这里试就常见的一些词及替换词作一简要小结：瞬间动词延续性动词die be deadopen (动词) be open （形容词）close (动词) be closed（形容词）get up be upfall asleep be asleepfinish be overleave be awaystart/begin be onbuy haveborrow keepcatch a cold have a coldjoin (1) be a + 成员；职业(2) be in+ 集团；组织；单位实战演练:一、同义句转换1. He came here three years ago.He ___________ ___________ here for three years.2. School finished a month ago.School ___________ ___________ ___________for a month.3. He borrowed this book a week ago.He___________ ___________ this book for a week.4. The factory opened ten years ago.The factory ___________ ______________________ for ten years5. The man joined the army two years ago.The man ___________ ___________ a soldier since two years ago.6. Mary arrived in Shanghai last year.Mary ___________ ___________ ___________ Shanghai since a year ago.7. She got up an hour ago.She ___________ ___________ ___________ for an hour.8. He bought this book three weeks ago.He ___________ ___________ this book for threeweeks.9. The film began an hour ago.The film ___________ ___________ ___________for an hour.10. How long ___________ you ___________ this book? (borrow)11. I bought the pencil about three months ago.I ___________ ___________ the pencil since three months ago.12. Jim left England three years ago.Jim ___________ ___________ ______________________England for three years.13. He left here last yearHe ___________ ___________ ___________ here for a year.14. Li Lei came back two weeks ago.________________________________15.The man died five years ago.________________________________二、根据中英文提示完成句子１、史密斯来中国已经三年了。

延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换之青柳念文创作动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词.一.延续性动词暗示可以延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等.延续性动词可以与暗示时间段的状语连用.暗示时间段的短语有: ⑴for+一段时间, 如：for 2 years; ⑵since从句, 如since he came here; since+过去时间点名词, 如 since last year, since 5 days ago.例: He has lived here for 6 years.You can keep the book for 5 days.二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词, 暗示不克不及延续的动作,这种动作发生后当即竣事.如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等.非延续性动词在必定句中与暗示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock;例:He died 5 years ago.三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：（测验重点）例：He left five minutes ago. = He has been away for five minutes.这句话的意思是指他分开的动作是5分钟之前发生的，是过去时.也就是说从他分开到现在已经有五分钟了，这个动作是延续的，要用现在完成时，而且要把原来的短暂性动词改为延续性动词.一些短暂性动词及相应的延续性动词：arrive（get to /reach）→be here (in)begin(start)→be ondie →be deadcomehere（back）→be here（back）leave →be away (from)fall ill(sick, asleep)→be ill(sick, asleep)get up→be upgo/ get out（there）→be out（there）finish →be overput o n →wear 或be onopen →be open（keep sth. open）join →be in或be a member of…+组织机构close →be closedgo to school→be a studentborrow →keepbuy/get →havecatch(a cold)→ have(a cold)get to know →knowbegin to study→studycome to work→work move to → live in finish→ be over come to → be insit down → be seated marry → be married dress → be dressed become → be。

延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。

一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。

延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。

表示时间段的短语有: ⑴for+一段时间, 如：for 2 years; ⑵since从句, 如since he came here; since+过去时间点名词, 如since last year, since 5 days ago。

例: He has lived here for 6 years.You can keep the book for 5 days.二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词, 表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。

如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。

非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock;例:He died 5 years ago.三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：（考试重点）例：He left five minutes ago. = He has been away for five minutes.这句话的意思是指他离开的动作是5分钟之前发生的，是过去时。

也就是说从他离开到现在已经有五分钟了，这个动作是延续的，要用现在完成时，并且要把原来的短暂性动词改为延续性动词。

一些短暂性动词及相应的延续性动词：arrive（get to /reach）→ be here (in)begin(start) → be ondie → be deadcome here（back）→be here（back）leave → be away (from)fall ill(sick, asleep)→be ill(sick, asleep)get up→ be upgo/ get out（there）→ be out（there）finish → be overput on → wear 或be onopen → be open（keep sth. open）join → be in或be a member of…+组织机构close → be closedgo to school → be a studentborrow →keepbuy/get →havecatch(a cold) → have(a cold)get to know → know begin to study → study come to work → work move to → live in finish → be over come to → be insit down → be seated marry → be married dress → be dressed become → be。

现在完成时中瞬间动词变延续性动词总结在现代汉语中，现在完成时是表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响的一种时态。

而在现在完成时中，瞬间动词和延续性动词的用法有所不同。

本文将从理论和实践两个方面，对现在完成时中瞬间动词变延续性动词进行总结。

一、现在完成时的构成现在完成时由“助动词have/has + 过去分词”构成。

例如：I have seen that movie.(我已经看过那部电影了。

)二、瞬间动词变延续性动词1. 瞬间动词变成延续性动词的方法在现在完成时中，瞬间动词变为延续性动词的方法主要是通过加上“-ing”后缀。

例如：come -> coming;go -> going;see -> seeing等。

这种变化使得原本表示瞬间动作的动词变成了表示持续性动作的动词。

2. 延续性动词的使用场合延续性动词表示的动作在时间上没有明确的结束点，通常是持续性的。

在现在完成时中，延续性动词的使用场合主要包括以下几种：(1)表示一个长时间内一直在进行的动作。

例如：I have been studying English for 5 years.(我已经学习英语5年了。

)(2)表示一个习惯性的动作或者状态。

例如：She has been playing the piano since she was a child.(她从小就一直在弹钢琴。

)(3)表示一个与现在有关联的动作或状态。

例如：He has been living in this city for 3 years.(他已经在这个城市生活了3年了。

)三、结论现在完成时中瞬间动词变延续性动词是一种常见的语法现象。

通过掌握这种现象，我们可以更好地理解和使用现在完成时这一时态。

这也有助于我们提高自己的语言表达能力，使我们的语言更加地规范和准确。

现在完成时中瞬间动词变延续性动词总结一、现在完成时中瞬间动词变延续性动词的概述在我们的日常生活和工作中，我们经常会遇到一些需要表达动作持续时间的情况。

这时候，我们就需要使用现在完成时来表示这个动作从过去开始一直持续到现在。

而在这个过程中，有些瞬间动词会变成延续性动词，这样可以让我们的表达更加准确和自然。

本文将对现在完成时中瞬间动词变延续性动词进行详细的理论分析和探讨。

二、现在完成时中瞬间动词变延续性动词的分类在现在完成时中，瞬间动词变延续性动词主要可以分为以下几类：1. 以“-ing”结尾的瞬间动词这类动词在变成延续性动词时，通常会在词尾加上“-e”或“-d”，然后再加上“-ing”。

例如：stop -> stopped, start -> started, eat -> eaten等。

2. 以“-e”结尾的瞬间动词这类动词在变成延续性动词时，通常会在词尾加上“-ed”，然后再加上“-ing”。

例如：come -> came, go -> gone, leave -> left等。

3. 以辅音字母+“y”结尾的瞬间动词这类动词在变成延续性动词时，通常会在词尾加上“-ied”，然后再加上“-ing”。

例如：try -> tried, stop -> stopped, care -> cared等。

4. 以元音字母+“y”结尾的瞬间动词这类动词在变成延续性动词时，通常会在词尾加上“-ied”，然后再加上“-ing”。

例如：carry -> carried, carry -> carrying, say -> said等。

三、现在完成时中瞬间动词变延续性动词的使用技巧虽然现在完成时中瞬间动词变延续性动词有很多种类，但是我们在实际使用过程中还是需要注意一些技巧：1. 要注意区分瞬间动词和延续性动词的用法。

有时候，两个词看起来很相似，但实际上它们的用法是不同的。

现在完成时中非延续性动词（瞬间动词）与延续性动词的转换leave → be away离开;borrow → keep借;buy → have买;begin/start → be on开始/上演;die → be dead;finish ／end ／stop→ be over结束/完成join → be in+组织机构或be a member of+组织机构；open/close sth → keep sth open/closed；fall ill → be ill；get up → be up；catch ／get a cold → have a cold感冒；come here → be here；go there → be there；become → be成为；come back → be back；fall asleep → be asleep睡着；get to/ arrive/reach → be (in)；leave → be away from；get to know → know；go (get) out → be out；put on → wear；catch a cold →have a cold; go to school → be in school ／be a student上学; go abroad → be abroad去国外;marry → be married（to）结婚; wake up → be awake 醒;make friends with → be friends with成为/交朋友;lose → be lost ／be missing ／be gone 丢失; lose one's job ／work → be out of work ／a job请看例句1.The old man died 4 years ago.→ The old man has been dead for 4 years.→ It is 4 years since the old man died.→ Four years has passed since the old man died.请看例句2.He joined the Party 2 years ago.→ He has been in the Party for 2 years.→He has been a Party member for 2 years.请看例句3. He joined the army 5 years ago.→ He has been in the army for 5 years.→ He has served in the army for 5 years.→He has been a soldier for 5 years.请看例句4.I bought the book 5 days ago.→ I have had the book for 5 days.。