上海市高三二模考试英语汇编 作文题 无答案

上海市部分区2024届高三二模英语试题汇编完形填空2024届上海市长宁区高三下学期二模英语试卷Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A cure for the future in the past?For over fifty years, the people of Britain have relied on the welfare state to make sure they have adequate health services. But now the National Health Service is sick. Government 41 and underfunding are forcing hospitals to close, and waiting lists for treatment are getting longer. Under such circumstances, it is no surprise that more people are turning to private (but expensive) healthcare.For some, however, there are 42 . They are turning their back on modern pills, tablets and resorting to other conventional medicine. It seems paradoxical, but in an age of microchips and high technology, traditional medicine, the old-fashioned cures that our grandparents relied on, is making a 43 .Consider these case studies:Maude is 76 years old and has been suffering from arthritis for almost ten years. “The pain in my joints was almost 44 , and my doctor referred me to a surgeon at the London Hospital. I was told that I needed 45 , but would need to wait for at least two years before I could have the operation. In 46 , I started having massage sessions. To my surprise, these were very therapeu tic, and while they didn’t cure the disorder, they did47 it to some extent”.Ron is 46. His high-powered city job was 48 for a series of stress-related illnesses, and the drugs he took didn’t work well on the nervous strain. “I r ead about 49 which involve the whole person rather than the individual symptoms, but I had always doubted about such kind of medicine for all diseases. However, my friend50 a dietician who told me that part of my problem was diet-related. Basically, the food I was eating was51 to my disorder. She gave me a list of foods that would provide the right vitamins and minerals to keep me in good health. At the same time, she advocated a more 52 lifestyle-running, swimming, that kind of thing. I’ m a bit of a couch potato, and this kind of lifestyle I had lived was 53 the problem. Now I feel great!”So is there still a place in our lives for modern medicine? While it is true that some infections and viruses may be 54 by turning to traditional medicine, more serious illnesses such as cancer need more extreme measures. We do need our health service at these times, and we shouldn’t stop 55 in its future. But we mustn’t forget that for some common illnesses, the cure may lie in the past.41. A. support B. restrictions C. cutbacks D. concern42. A. programs B. alternatives C. measures D. scales43. A. comeback B. living C. change D. mess44. A. unique B. uncertain C. universal D. unbearable45. A. permission B. surgery C. supervision D. strength46. A. condition B. desperation C. general D. particular47.A. protect B. recover C. relieve D. treat48.A. eager B. grateful C. famous D. responsible49. A. treatments B. sources C. spirits D. comments50. A. supervised B. declared C. recommended D. tempted51. A. contributing B. adapting C. subjecting D. objecting52. A. moderate B. active C. negative D. suitable53. A. identifying B. investigating C. estimating D. worsening54. A. prevented B. empowered C. indicated D. restored55. A. undertaking B. invading C. investing D. evolving2024届上海市徐汇区高三二模考试英语试题Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Alipay, the digital payment arm of Chinese financial technology company Ant Group, is allocating more resources to roll out translation services in 16 languages, to ensure foreigners in China can use mobile payments without any hurdles.Alipay's move comes amid China's intensified efforts to further improve foreigners' payment (41) _______ in the country.Alipay has allowed foreigners in China to link their (42) _______ bank cards, including Visa and Mastercard, to its mobile payment tool, greatly streamlining(精简) the payment processes, said Zhu Xugang, director of the cross-border business at Ant Group.Users of 10 overseas e-wallets are also able to use their familiar home e-wallets on their own phones by (43) _______ Alipay QR codes, to enjoy seamless mobile payment experiences across Alipay's vast merchant network.According to Alipay, foreigners can use the app to complete payments at restaurants, hotels, scenic spots, convenience stores and supermarkets, as well as for ride-hailing, shared bikes, buses and other public (44) _______ services in China. The newly (45) _______ multilingual app includes English, French, Spanish, German, Italian, Portuguese, Russian and Japanese.The mobile payment app has also (46) _______ the single transaction(交易)limit for overseas travelers using mobile payments from $1,000 to $5,000 and lifted the annual cumulative transaction limit from $10,000 to $50,000.The State Council, China's Cabinet, published a guideline on improving payment services and (47) _______ payment convenience in early March, a move to better meet the (48) _______ payment needs of the elderly and foreign visitors.Last week, the People's Bank of China, the country's central bank, (49) _______ a payment guide that provides foreigners with text and graphic (50) _______ on using bank cards, cash, mobile payments and e-CNY in China, the latest step in the country's push to optimize the payment experience for foreigners.Wang Pengbo, a senior analyst at market consultancy Botong Analysys, said the intensified efforts to provide convenient payment services will not only (51) _______ improve the living and consumption experience of foreigners in China and attract more of them to the country, but also promote the healthy and sustainable development of the payment (52) _______.Wang said the move demonstrates the country's resolve to expand high-standard opening-up, (53) _______ the online payment scenarios of Alipay are wide enough, with high usage frequency. So, what it should do now is to expand the scope of foreign bank card binding and improve and simplify authentication of new users, to provide more convenient payment services to foreigners.Meanwhile, Chinese banks are taking measures to expand the (54) _______ of overseas bank cards and facilitate their use of cash in the country.Dong said more efforts are needed to expand the scenarios of various types of payment methods at tourist attractions, sporting events, transportation hubs, healthcare and beauty centers and other daily (55) _______ sites.41.A. expectations B. memorizations C. experiences D. durations42.A. international B. domestic C. interior D. commercial43.A. copying B. photographing C. sharing D. scanning44.A. transportation B. security C. education D. maintenance45.A. evolved B. launched C. specialized D. simplified46.A. decreased B. restricted C. suspended D. raised47.A. implementing B. enhancing C. administrating D. subscribing48.A. diversified B. facilitated C. digitalized D. conflicted49.A. purchased B. authorized C. released D. commercialized50.A. designs B. illustrations C. instructions D. imagery51.A. significantly B. artificially C. individually D. frequently52.A. gateway B. industry C. deadline D. term53.A. developing B. monitoring C. securing D. adding54.A. recognition B. acceptance C. regulation D. policy55.A. construction B. application C. production D. consumption2024届上海市上海市闵行区高三二模英语试题III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In Favour of Simple WritingDo you edit text messages carefully before sending them? If so, you may be the kind of person who takes pride in 41 even the simplest message. If you do not, you may see yourself as a go-getter, one who values excitement and speed over42 : get it done decently now rather than perfectly later.People are constantly receiving messages, from the mailbox to the inbox to the text-message alert. What to read, what to skim (略读) and what to ignore are decisions that nearly everyone has to make dozens of times a day.A new book titled All Readers are Busy Nowadays makes the argument for being the careful kind of 43 , even in informal lines. The authors also present well-established 44 that have long been prized in guides to writing.Take “less is more”. Most books on writing well advocate the advice to 45 needless words. The authors, however, have 46 the idea. In an email to thousands of school-board members asking them to take a survey, cutting the count from 127 to 49 words almost 47the response rate.Keeping messages to a 48 idea—or as few as absolutely needed—helps ensure that they will be read, remembered and acted on. 49 the number of the available options has the same effect, too. A link in an email, 50 , attracted 50% more clicks when presented alone than when it was sent alongside a second additional link.Syntax (句法) and 51 matter, too. It is more 52 to adopt short and active sentences, with common words familiar to everyone. From Facebook posts to online-travel reviews, even brief, informal pieces of writing that follow these rules get more likes and shares.If everyone is a busy reader, everyone is a busy writer, too. That may make it tempting to sent as many messages as 53 as possible and hope for the best. But from essays to text messages organizing dinner plans, devoting time to the needs of readers has provable 54 . If you are so busy that you write an undisciplined message which readers scan, ignore and delete, then you might as well have not 55 it at all.41.A. conveying B. understanding C. crafting D. sending42.A. care B. quantity C. simplicity D. technology43.A. reader B. poster C. learner D. writer44.A. structures B. principles C. aims D. alternatives45.A. remove B. ignore C. reconsider D. interpret46.A. conveyed B. translated C. tested D. shaped47.A. lowered B. affected C. doubled D. maintained48.A. basic B. positive C. definite D. single49.A. Recording B. Reducing C. Counting D. Estimating50.A. in comparison B. after all C. for instance D. in particular51.A. word-choice B. pattern-design C. target-setting D. platform-selection52.A. difficult B. suitable C. challenging D. common53.A. carefully B. often C. politely D. quickly54.A. outcomes B. points C. figures D. benefits55.A. received B. written C. read D. answered2024届上海市静安区高三下学期二模英语试题Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.City air is in a sorry state. It is dirty and hot. Outdoor pollution kills 4.2m people a year, according to the World Health Organization. Concrete and tarmac, meanwhile, absorb the sun’s rays rather than reflecting them back into space, and also __41__ plants which would otherwise cool things down by evaporative transpiration（蒸腾作用）. The never-ceasing __42__ of buildings and roads thus turns urban areas into heat islands, discomforting residents and worsening dangerous heatwaves.A possible answer to the twin problems of pollution and heat is trees. Their leaves may destroy at least some chemical pollutants and they certainly __43__ tiny particles floating in the air, which are then washed to the ground by rain. Besides transpiration, they provide __44__.To cool an area effectively, trees must be planted in quantity. Two years ago, researchers at the University of Wisconsin found that American cities need 40% tree __45__ to cut urban heat back meaningfully. Unfortunately, not all cities —and especially not those now springing up in the world’s poor and middle-income countries — are __46__ with parks, private gardens or a sufficient number of street trees. And the problem is likely to get worse. At the moment, 55% of people live in cities. By 2050 that share is expected to reach 68%.One group of botanists believe they have at least a partial __47__ to this lack of urban vegetation. It is to plant miniature simulacra（模拟物）of natural forests, ecologically engineered for rapid growth. Over the course of a career that began in the 1950s, their leader, Miyawaki Akira, a plant ecologist at Yokohama National University in Japan, has developed a way to do this starting with even the most __48__ deserted areas. And the Miyawaki method is finding increasing __49__ around the world.Dr Miyawaki’s insight was to deconstruct and rebui ld the process of ecological succession, by which __50__ land develops naturally into mature forest. Usually, the first arrival is grass, followed by small trees and, finally, larger ones. The Miyawaki method __51__ some of the early phases and jumps directly to planting the kinds of species found in a mature wood.Dr Miyawaki has __52__ the planting of more than 1,500 of these miniature forests, first in Japan, then in other parts of the world. Wherever they are planting, though, gardeners are not restrict ed to __53__ nature’s recipe book to the letter. Miyawaki forests can be customized to local requirements. A popular choice, __54__, is to include more fruit trees than a natural forest might support, thus creating an orchard that requires no maintenance.If your goal is to better your __55__ surroundings, rather than to save the planet from global warming, then Dr Miyawaki might well be your man.41. A. thrive B. nourish C. displace D. raise42. A. assessment B. maintenance C. spread D. replacement43. A. release B. trap C. reflect D. dissolve44. A. attraction B. shadow C. interaction D. shade45. A. consumption B. coverage C. interval D. conservation46. A. blessed B. lined C. piled D. fascinated47. A. treatment B. obstacle C. warning D. solution48. A. unnoticed B. unpromising C. untested D. unfading49. A. criticism B. favor C. sponsor D. anxiety50. A. bare B. graceful C. faint D. mysterious51. A. highlights B. skips C. improves D. pushes52. A. accessed B. spotted C. supervised D. ranked53. A. disturbing B. balancing C. following D. reducing54. A. for example B. in essence C. on the other hand D. after all55. A. suburban B. leisure C. scenic D. immediate2024届上海市浦东新区高三下学期二模英语试题Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Anyone who has ever witnessed the miracle in which infants progress from mewling to “Mama” to “Mine!” knows how critical it is for youngsters to hear normally before they speak their first words. __41__, many children who don’t talk by age two turn out to be deaf. The sooner their disability is discovered and __42__, the less likely they are to fall behind in the development of important language and social skills. That is why a growing number of hearing specialists (audiologists) and parents are campaigning for __43__ screening of newborns for hearing loss.Their __44__ has registered in some powerful ears. To date, 22 states have passed legislation requiring at least partial screening programs. Part of the push stems from __45__ in technology that, among other things, allow children as young as two months to be __46__ hearing aids. But there are limits to the technology. One thing parents should realize before they start is that the screening tests are far from __47__. A bad result doesn’t necessarily indicate a problem.Audiologists estimate that 3 out of every 1,000 babies are born with some kind of hearing loss. Of those three infants, one is profoundly deaf. About half the time, doctors can identify a possible cause, such as a birth weight less than 5 pounds, or a family history of __48__. The rest of the time there is simply no __49__ as to why a newborn’s hearing may have been affected.The screening tests work by introducing a sound into a baby’s ear and then measuring either the __50__ of the ear’s i nternal mechanisms or the electrical activity of the auditory portion of the brain (the auditory brain-stem response test). Just because a baby fails either test, __51__, does not mean that there is a hearing problem. A temporary buildup of fluid in the ear canal or excessive noise in the nursery can __52__ the results. For this reason, experts say, hospitals should __53__ the screening tests for any baby who doesn’t pass the first time before telling the parents to consult an audiologist for more thorough testing.It is at this stage that things get a bit __54__. Though 20 of every 1,000 babies fail the two-step screen, most prove on further examination to be just fine. Is it worth __55__ 17 families of perfectly normal children - not to mention asking them to spend several hundred dollars on advanced tests - to identify three infants with hearing loss?41. A. Indeed B. Meanwhile C. Occasionally D. Surprisingly42. A. reported B. accepted C. treated D. tested43. A. legal B. random C. further D. compulsory44. A. charge B. complaint C. appeal D. pursuit45. A. procedures B. advances C. practices D. insights46. A. fitted with B. provided with C. entitled to D. attached to47. A. reasonable B. imaginable C. reliable D. predictable48. A. disorder B. blindness C. obesity D. deafness49. A. solution B. clue C. reflection D. doubt50. A. response B. volume C. capacity D. activity51. A. however B. therefore C. for example D. after all52. A. prove B. produce C. match D. affect53. A. stop B. review C. repeat D. improve54. A. shocking B. distracting C. unpredictable D. complicated55. A. worrying B. classifying C. engaging D. prompting参考答案2024届上海市长宁区高三下学期二模英语试卷41-45 C B A D B 46-50 B C D A C 51-55 A B D A C2024届上海市徐汇区高三二模考试英语试题41-45 CADAB 46-50 DBACC 51-55 ABDBD2024届上海市上海市闵行区高三二模英语试题41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. C 47. C 48. D 49.B 50. C 51.A 52. B 53. D 54. D 55. B2024届上海市静安区高三下学期二模英语试题41-45 CCBDB 46-50 ADBBA 51-55 BCCAD2024届上海市浦东新区高三下学期二模英语试题41-45 ACDCB 46-50 ACDBA 51-55 ADCDA。

2020届上海高三英语二模汇编作文本文没有明确的目录，建议作者在文章开始处添加一个目录，以便读者更好地了解文章内容。

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2020届高三英语二模汇编——作文1、2020黄浦二模Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.你校学生会正开展主题为“The first job I want to take” 的英语征文比赛，请你撰文参加（文中请不要出现真实的校名和人名）。

你的征文内容需包括：（1）离开校园、步入社会后，你想从事的第一份职业是什么；（2）你想从事这份职业的原因（可从个人特点、职业价值等方面进行阐述）。

样卷1: 8+9+3=20After graduation from high school, I’d like to act as a doctor, who is ready to gave people’s lives with a kind heart. The following reasons based on personal characteristics and job values can illustrate my desire to become a doctor.On one hand, I’m willing to help others in trouble. Moreover, I have the patience to give patients both physical and mental supports. It’s generally acknowledged that doctors always devote themselves to saving lives and curing diseases, sometimes even neglecting sleep and meals. Tired as working as a doctor is, I believe I can get through the hardship with strong willpower and shoulder the responsibility.On the other hand, it’s the duty of doctors to save lives, which I respect and admire very much. Witnessing thousands of doctors fighting against the coronavirus, I am deeply moved by their sense of responsibility and courage. Their joint efforts save lots of dying people infected by the virus.Additionally, the gratitude from patients can motivate me to perform better and give me a sense of achievement.In a word, I have the ability to work as a doctor. Simultaneously, working as a doctor can have a sense of achievement.样卷2：7+7+3=17I heard that our school was holding an English composition contest on “The first job I want to take” and I found that I had a lot to share with.After leaving the campus and entering the society, my first job to be taken may be a biology researcher. I know that the main trend of occupation may be a bank clerk, a lawyer, or a doctor, but I have my own reasons and ambition:First, when on the campus, I have cultivate huge interest in biology and want to have deeper knowledge. In biology, I found the beauty of nature and amazing evolution of creatures. That’s driving force of me for choosing this occupation.Second, this occupation can have great contribution to the future of human beings. Many problems remained unsolved may be solved by them some day in the future. We fight against the disease and pain, regardless of fame and wealth.That’s all about my first job that I want to take. I want to be one of the biology researcher who save the world from disease and pain.样卷3：6+6+2 =14The first job I want to take after I leave the campus and go to the society is to be a teacher.The teachers include many subjects. And I want to be a maths teacher. To myself, I am a patient person. In school life I always help my classmates with all kinds of problems they meet. I will help them until they finally understand clearly. Also, I’m good at speaking, I always make speech in our school activity such as English Festival. Then, I like maths very much. I always talk with my maths teachers or classmates about the mathsproblem. I love to research it deeply.I think that teacher is one of the most important people in student’s life. Teachers not only teach students how to study but also teach them how to be a man. As a maths teacher, I consider maths as the most based and important subject. If we need to learn physics or even science lessons, maths is the most fundamental thing. I can also teach students to way to research in our daily life in “maths ways’.So I think that working as a maths teacher is a very desirable and glory job to me.样卷4: 3+3+1=7Hearing that there is a English writing competition. I am very glad to talk about the theme “the first job I want to take.”After I graduating and leaving the school, the first job I want to take is waiter. There are two reasons why I choose waiter. The first reason is that I would like to help others. No matter at where I will be a waiter such as restaurants, clothes shops or hotels. Helping others can bring me happiness and it will be a best first job for me.The second reason is the most important. I don’t have any experience in the society. Being a waiter will not be too difficult for me to take as the first step to the society.2、2020普陀二模Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.近日，这张小女孩在父母卖熟食的案板（the deli counter）下认真上网课的照片引发热议，校刊因此特辟专栏请同学们发表感想。

2022年上海统考二模英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The 2022 Shanghai Unified Examination is an important milestone for high school students in Shanghai. The second mock exam, in particular, is a crucial opportunity for students to gauge their preparedness and improve their performance before the actual exam. In this article, we will discuss the significance of the 2022 Shanghai Unified Examination second mock exam and provide some tips for students to excel in the English essay section.The second mock exam of the 2022 Shanghai Unified Examination is designed to simulate the actual exam conditions and test students on their knowledge and skills in various subjects, including English. This exam serves as a valuable practice opportunity for students to familiarize themselves with the exam format, practice time management, and identify areas for improvement. By taking the second mock exam seriously and striving to perform well, students can gain confidence, reduce anxiety, and increase their chances of success in the actual exam.One of the key challenges that students face in the English section of the 2022 Shanghai Unified Examination is the essay writing component. The essay requires students to express their ideas and opinions on a given topic in a clear, coherent, and well-structured manner. To excel in the essay section, students should focus on developing their writing skills, organizing their ideas effectively, and using appropriate language and vocabulary.Here are some tips for students to improve their English essay writing skills and perform well in the 2022 Shanghai Unified Examination second mock exam:1. Understand the essay prompt: Before writing the essay, make sure you understand the topic and instructions provided. Take the time to read the prompt carefully, analyze the key points, and consider different perspectives on the topic.2. Plan your essay: Take a few minutes to plan your essay before you start writing. Decide on the main points you want to discuss, create an outline of your essay, and organize your ideas in a logical order.3. Write a strong thesis statement: Start your essay with a clear and concise thesis statement that outlines the mainargument or point of view you will be discussing in the essay. This will help you stay focused and guide your writing.4. Use relevant examples and evidence: Support your arguments with specific examples, facts, and evidence to illustrate your points and make your essay more convincing. Avoid using generic or vague statements.5. Pay attention to grammar and vocabulary: Use a variety of sentence structures, tenses, and vocabulary to showcase your language skills. Avoid repetition, spelling errors, and grammatical mistakes that can detract from the quality of your essay.6. Proofread and revise your essay: Before submitting your essay, take the time to proofread and edit it for errors in grammar, punctuation, spelling, and clarity. Make sure your essay is well-organized, coherent, and flows smoothly from one paragraph to the next.By following these tips and practicing your essay writing skills, you can improve your performance in the English section of the 2022 Shanghai Unified Examination second mock exam and increase your chances of success. Remember to stay focused, manage your time effectively, and showcase your language skills and critical thinking abilities in your essay. Good luck!篇2Sorry, I am unable to provide a document on the "2022 Shanghai unified examination mock English essay" as it is a specific topic that requires in-depth knowledge and research. However, I can provide you with a sample essay on a different topic if you would like. Let me know if you would like me to provide you with a sample essay on a different topic.篇3Unfortunately, I am unable to provide a document specifically tailored to the 2022 Shanghai Unified Entrance Examination English Paper II due to the proprietary nature of the content. However, I can provide you with a sample essay based around the topic of Education in the Digital Age:Title: Education in the Digital AgeIn the 21st century, the landscape of education has been transformed by the rapid advancement of technology. With the proliferation of digital tools and resources, students now have access to a wealth of information at their fingertips. However, this digital revolution has also brought about new challenges and concerns.One of the key benefits of technology in education is the ability to personalize learning experiences. With online platforms and resources, students can tailor their education to suit their individual needs and preferences. This can lead to improved engagement and performance in the classroom. Additionally, technology allows for greater collaboration and communication between students and teachers, breaking down barriers and fostering a more inclusive learning environment.Furthermore, digital tools such as interactive simulations and virtual reality can enhance the learning experience by providing students with hands-on, immersive experiences that are not possible in a traditional classroom setting. These tools can help to bring complex concepts to life and make learning more engaging and memorable.However, the digital age also presents challenges for education. There is growing concern about the impact of screen time on students' cognitive development and mental health. Excessive use of screens has been linked to a range of issues, including decreased attention span, poor sleep quality, and increased risk of developing mental health disorders.Moreover, the rise of online misinformation and fake news poses a threat to students' ability to critically evaluateinformation and think critically. In this digital age, it is more important than ever to teach students how to discern credible sources from unreliable ones and how to think critically about the information they encounter online.In conclusion, the digital age has brought both opportunities and challenges to education. While technology has the potential to enhance learning experiences and improve outcomes for students, it is essential that we also address the concerns and risks associated with the use of digital tools in the classroom. By striking a balance between leveraging technology for educational purposes and promoting responsible screen time habits, we can ensure that students are equipped with the skills they need to thrive in the digital age.。

上海市部分区2024届高三二模英语试题汇编六选四2024届上海市长宁区高三下学期二模英语试卷Section CDirections:Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Martha Stewart was charged, tried and convicted of a crime in 2014. As she neared the end of her prison sentence, a well-known columnist wrote that she was “paying her dues,”and that “there is simply no reason for anyone to attempt to deny her right to start anew. ”67 Unfortunately, many federal and state laws impose post-conviction restrictions ona shockingly large number of Americans, who are prevented from ever fully paying their debt to society.At least 65 million people in the United States have a criminal record. This can result in severe penalties (惩罚) that continue long after punishment is completed.Many of these penalties are imposed regardless of the seriousness of the offense or the person’s individual circumstances. 68 They can affect a person’s ability to get a job and qualification for benefits.In all, more than 45, 000 laws and rules serve to exclude vast numbers of people from fully participating in American life. Some laws make senses. No one advocates letting someone convicted of pedophilia (恋童癖) work in a school. 69 Should a woman who possessed a small amount of drugs years ago be permanently unable to be licensed as a nurse?These laws are also counterproductive (适得其反), since they make it harder for people with criminal records to find housing or a job, two key factors that reduce backsliding. A recent report makes several recommendations, including the abolition of most post-conviction penalties, except for those specifically needed to protect public safety. 70 .The point isn’t to excuse or forget the crime. Rather, it i s to recognize that in America’s vast criminal justice system, and second chances are crucial. It is in no one's interest to keep a large segment of the population on the margins of society.2024届上海市徐汇区高三二模考试英语试题Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentenceAstronomers are eagerly anticipating a celestial (天体的) event that promises to be a once-in-a-lifetime sight: the appearance of a "new star" in the night sky, expected to occur sometime between now and September, as reported by NASA. This event, known as a nova (新星), is projected to take place within the T Coronae Borealis system, nestled in the constellation(星座) Corona Borealis, situated between the Boötes and Hercules constellations.In contrast to the explosive demise of a massive star seen in a supernova, a nova is characterized by a sudden, brief explosion originating from a collapsed star, specifically a white dwarf. The T Coronae Borealis system is affectionately called the "Blaze Star." (67) _______________________ These stars orbit closely enough to interact violently, leading to periodic explosive events, with the last eruption observed in 1946.(68) _______________________ Over time, the red giant becomes increasingly unstable, shedding its outer layers onto the white dwarf. This exchange of matter eventually triggers a "runaway thermonuclear reaction," resulting in the nova phenomenon, according to NASA.While the precise timing of the upcoming nova event remains uncertain, astronomers are closely monitoring the T Coronae Borealis system, which has been dimming since March of the previous year. William J. Cooke, lead of NASA's Meteoroid Environments Office, notes that while most novae occur unexpectedly, T Coronae Borealis is one of the 10 recurring novae in the galaxy, offering some predictability to its eruptions.Located approximately 3,000 light-years away from Earth, the T Coronae Borealis system is typically too faint to be seen with the naked eye. (69) _______________________Once the nova reaches its peak brightness, it will appear as if a new star has emerged in the night sky, remaining visible for a few days without any equipment and slightly over a week with binoculars before gradually fading from view over the course of about 80 years.(70) _______________________ As an effective observing approach, they provide valuable insights into the dynamics of recurrent novae and the processes occurring within these stellar systems.The NASA Universe account on X will provide regular updates on the nova event, allowing enthusiasts and researchers alike to stay informed about this captivating astronomical phenomenon. Reflecting on past experiences, including witnessing the 1975 Nova Cygni, which inspired his career in astronomy, Cooke underscores the significance of these celestial events in shaping our understanding of the cosmos.2024届上海市上海市闵行区高三二模英语试题Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Childhood Media Shaping FuturesMuch of the media we consume during our formative years shapes us into the people we are today. Reflect on a particular piece of media from our childhood—perhaps it’s the TV show we eagerly awaited every weekend during visits to our grandmother’s house. 67 It shapes our dreams and fears and even drives us to future careers.68 Older children may have had a lot more restrictions, like TV shows, movies, and social media access. And because of these, they were able to be a child for longer compared to their siblings (兄弟姐妹). Ch ildren who have older siblings tend to show more mature tendencies and can appear to “grow up quicker” than other children their age.While they might have been restricted from social media accounts until a certain age, once given access, they tend to be more prepared. The media exposure of our generation has undoubtedly led to an increased maturation at younger ages. 69 9Simply looking back at previous generations and the rate of consumption and processing of information that we experience every day, the effects of such are only beginning.As soon-to-be or current adults, we are already facing issues such as depression, anxiety, and delays in certain learning and social skills, just to name a few. Are we “more mature?” or are we o verexposed and at risk for exceptional mental, physical, and emotional consequences?In conclusion, childhood media consumption significantly influences our lives. 70Striking a balance between media exposure and mental well-being is essential fo r our growth in today’s media-rich world.2024届上海市静安区高三下学期二模英语试题Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentenceTime to end Santa’s ‘naughty list’?Many of us have magical memories of Santa secretly bringing gifts and joy to our childhood homes — but is there a darker side to the beloved Christmas tradition?I was —and I’m happy to admit it — a loyal believer of Santa. I absolutely loved the magic of Christmas, especially Santa Claus, and my parents went above and beyond to encourage it. However, as I begin to construct my own Santa Claus myth for my daughter, I can’t help but feel guilty. Could it undermine her trust in me?__67__ Back in 1978, a study published in the American Journal of Orthopsychiatry(矫正精神医学) found that 85% of four-year-olds said they believed in Santa. In 2011, research published in the Journal of Cognition and Development found that 83% of 5-year-olds claimed to be true believers.I guess it’s not all that surprising. __68__ He features in every Christmas TV show and movie. Each year the North American Aerospace Defence Command (NORAD) allows you to track Santa’s journey on Christmas Eve. To reassure children during the pandemic in 2020, the World Health Organization issued a statement declaring that Santa was “immune” from Covid 19. And it’s precisely this effort on behalf of parents, and society in general, to create such seemingly overwhelming evidence for the existence of Santa Claus that David Kyle Johnson, a professor of philosophy at King’s College in Pennsylvania, describes as ‘The Santa Lie’ in his book The Myths That Stole Christmas. He highlights how we don’t simply ask children to imagine Santa, but rather to actually believe in him. __69__The ‘Santa lie’ can reduce trust between a parent and a child. __70__ It is the creation of false evidence and convincing kids that bad evidence is in fact good evidence that discourages the kind of critical thinking we should be encouraging in children in this era. “The ‘Santa lie’ is part of a parenting practice that encourages people to believe what they want to believe, simply because of the psychological reward,” says Johnson. “That’s really bad for society in general.”2024届上海市浦东新区高三下学期二模英语试题Section CDirections:Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.What motivates you to work or study harder? Is it the thought of success and all the amazing things that you can achieve, or is it the fear of failure and worry about all the things that can go wrong for you? _____67_____ But is one better than the other?A recent study looked at the effect of fear-based strategies on British secondary school students. As is so often the case, it’s complicated. They fou nd that if a test is seen as important, and students are optimistic that they can succeed, then the fear of failure can be used successfully by teachers to motivate these learners. _____68_____ It can in turn lead them to do worse on the test than they would have done otherwise. The study also found that if students are disengaged and don’t care about the test in the first place, then, unsurprisingly, the fear of failure is not likely to motivate them.Entrepreneurs often run the risk of failure. It’s a fac t that most new companies will fail. _____69_____ The personal consequences of failure can be significant, and so founders may be motivated to work harder to avoid them. A study carried out on British and Canadian entrepreneurs found that fear of failure can improve problem solving, as people are motivated to anticipate and resolve potential issues. However, the study also showed that it can lead to increased procrastination as people focus too much on what they personally fear, rather than what would be best for the business. If someone is less confident about their business idea, then they may find their decision-making negatively affected by their fears._____70_____ It can drive confident people to do better, but it can also increase our doubts and turn them into barriers.参考答案2024届上海市长宁区高三下学期二模英语试卷Section C 评分标准：每小题2分。

2024上海长宁高中二模语文高三常考英语作文English Composition OutlineTitle: The Echoes of Tradition: Navigating the Gaokao English Essay in Changning High SchoolIntroduction:Introduce the significance of the Gaokao and the role of the Changning High School mock exam.Express personal feelings and the importance of tradition in education.Body Paragraph 1:Discuss the cultural and historical importance of the Gaokao in China.Reflect on how the Changning High School exam reflects these values.Body Paragraph 2:Describe the preparation for the English essay component of the exam.Include personal anecdotes and study strategies.Body Paragraph 3:Detail the process of writing the essay during the exam.Share thoughts on the essay topic and the approach taken.Body Paragraph 4:Analyze the challenges faced during the essay writing.Discuss how traditional values guided the writing process.Body Paragraph 5:Reflect on the feedback received after the exam.Discuss how it has influenced personal growth and understanding of English composition.Body Paragraph 6:Discuss the significance of the mock exam in preparing for the real Gaokao.Share insights on how the experience has shaped future academic goals.Conclusion:Summarize the key points and the personal journey through the mock exam.Express gratitude for the cultural heritage and the opportunity to learn and grow.English Composition IntroductionAs the leaves of autumn gently fall in Changning, they carry with them the whispers of a rich history and a deep-rooted tradition. The Gaokao, a rite of passage for Chinese students, is not just an exam; it is a reflection of our culture and our commitment to excellence. The Changning High School second mock exam, in particular, has been a significant milestone in my academic journey, a testament to the power of tradition in shaping our future.The Gaokao is a culmination of years of hard work and dedication, a moment that every student in China anticipates with a mix of excitement and apprehension. For me, the English essay component of the exam was a gateway to expressing not just my language skills, but also my understanding of the world around me through the lens of our cultural heritage.As I sat down to write my essay, I felt a surge of pride and responsibility. I knew that every word I wrote was a tribute to the generations of scholars who had come before me, and every sentence was a step towards my own future. The Changning High School mock exam was not just a test; it was a bridge connecting the past and the present, a reminder of where we come from and where we are going.Chinese Translation of the Introduction当长宁的秋叶轻轻飘落时，它们带来了丰富的历史和根深蒂固的传统低语。

【2023年上海高三英语二模汇编】英语作文篇Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.1.徐汇区假如你是明启中学的李平。

你的朋友Jenny来信说：随着大学申请和期末考试的临近，她十分忙碌，经常熬夜，没有时间参加喜欢的社团活动和社交生活，她感到难以平衡学业、课外活动和社会生活。

请你写封邮件给她。

内容包括：1.分析她面临的主要问题；2.提出相应的建议和理由。

2.宝山区假如你是李华，是红星中学的高三学生。

班主任老师要求，在下周班会课上每位同学都要做一个简短的推介，介绍进入高三以来给你留下印象最深的人或事，可以是一个人，或一本书，或一部电影等。

你的文章必须包括：➢简单描述一下你所介绍的人或事➢阐述给你留下深刻印象的原因（文中不要出现真实姓名和学校名称）3.崇明区假设你是明启中学高三学生徐晶，你校的英文报向即将毕业的高三学生征文，给高中三年来最值得你感谢的一个人或一件事表达感谢。

你有意投稿，内容包括：➢描述这个人或这件事；➢表达感谢，说明感谢的理由。

注：文中不得提及真实姓名或学校。

4.奉贤区假如你是明启中学的高三学生李华，你的朋友Jack邀请你一同制定毕业后的暑假计划，请从他提供的计划清单中选择你所心仪的一个。

给他写封邮件，内容需包含：1.你的选择2.你的理由及如何执行该计划5.虹口区每年的4月23日为世界读书日。

明启中学学生会为宣传该主题日，鼓励同学发掘阅读之乐，特向各个班级征集海报。

现有两份海报脱颖而出，进入最后的角逐。

假设你是王磊，请给学生会写一封邮件表达你的想法。

你的邮件必须满足以下要求：1.简要描述你选择的海报；2.说明选择的理由。

6.黄浦区假设你是海平中学高三学生李明，你所在的社区将在暑假开设面向小学生的日间托管服务，现招募社区高中生志愿者，要求每一位志愿者能根据自己的特长开设一门微课程。

上海市部分区2022-2023学年高三下学期二模英语试卷分类汇编概要写作专题2023届上海市崇明区高三下学期二模英语试卷IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. The Dunning-Kruger EffectIn 1999, social psychologists David Dunning and Justin Kruger did a series of studies evaluating people’s competence in certain areas. The people in the studies were also asked to evaluate their own abilities in each area. Dunning and Kruger found that people who scored very low on the test tended to overestimate their abilities. Later research has indicated that a similar principle applies to other areas as well. This principle has become known as the Dunning-Kruger effect after the researchers who discovered it. The Dunning-Kruger effect occurs because only when people have skills in a given area are they equipped to evaluate their own skills. For example, in some situations it takes a scientist to recognize bad science.The opposite of the Dunning-Kruger effect also happens: capable people have a more accurate view of their own abilities, and sometimes they even underestimate themselves. An extreme case of this would be impostor syndrome, which is when a skilled person feels as if they are faking their skills despite knowing what they are doing.It’s tempting to think of the Dunning-Kruger effect as a problem that other people have. People may even laugh at those who think themselves more competent than they are. But everyone has areas where they lack competence —and the Dunning-Kruger effect means they may be especially bad at identifying those areas. Even if someone is very intelligent in general, there are still things they do n’t know much about. Expertise (专业知识) in one area cannot always be transferred to other areas.That’s why it’s important to keep digging for information even when you think you’ve found answers. It can also be helpful to check your ideas with other people. Receiving negative feedback can hurt, but if you’re willing to listen, it can help you grow. Even just keeping in mind that the Dunning-Kruger effect exists can help you stay humble, accept criticism and, thus, keep learning throughout your life.2023届上海市嘉定区高三下学期二模英语试卷IV. Summary writing (10分)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. Museum Craze Involves More TeenagersMore museums are here waiting for you! China’s capital, Beijing, is going to open another batch (一批) of museums this year. The building of a new branch of the Palace Museum, one of the world’s most visited tourist attractions, kicked of f as well.As the museum craze has grown stronger in the past few years, teenagers in China have become more involved in exploring museums, where they can immerse(沉浸) themselves in modern technology as well as culture from the past. According to Educator magazine, visits by teenagers to museums each year increased from 220 million to 290 million in the past 5 years. Among the increasing numbers of museum visitors, many of them were teenagers accompanied by their families, reported Guangming Daily earlier this month.To draw younger visitors, many museums are creating more offline activities for the purpose of spreading Chinese culture. They include artifact making, night visits, secret adventures, treasure evaluation, and some interesting courses. At the China Hangzhou Arts & Crafts Museum, for example, teenagers gathered around to make paper umbrellas during the Spring Festival holiday. With white gloves on and little spades in their hands, visitors in Henan province got to experience the daily work of archaeologists (考古学家). Apart from the activities, some museums even open branches especially designed for teenagers. A hall called Popular Agricultural Science for Young Visitors is a special branch launched by China Agricultural Museum. It is an exhibition hall that combines both visual and audio technology to involve teenagers in agriculture. Besides these offline approaches, a number of museums have also created official websites for teenagers, the Palace Museum in particular. Online visitors may go on an exciting adventure on the website in the style of a comic book.2023届上海市奉贤区高三下学期二模英语试卷IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71.How your unique story can get you hired?You’re sitting at your computer to apply for your dream job, but suddenly you’re not confident enough to get it. So you don’t even submit the application.It is natural for you to experience self-doubt at such a crucial moment, especially if you’re people of color, first generation college student, or you don’t have a traditional background. The secret is to transform how you perceive your own story.Ask yourself two questions. The first one: why do you want to do this work? Maybe you already know the kind of job or work environment that makes you happy, or maybe you haven’t quite figured that out yet. Usually, your personal experiences can help give you clues. For example, your brother had to overcome his dyslexia(诵读困难症), and you helped him with his reading. Gradually, you became interested in education. That motivated you to work as a teacher.The second question you have to ask yourself: how can you tell your story to exhibit the unique qualities you have? For example, you undertook multiple jobs unrelated to your major while you were in college. When you’re in an interview, go ahead and talk about them, because it will show the employer that you have time management skills and a strong passion for work. Employers are looking for well-rounded individuals that are capable of accomplishing various job tasks.Go back and reflect on those tough questions that you need to answer. The answers are what makes you you. Reframing your story can remake your confidence over and over again, but it takes time. It’s like running a marathon. You have to train and practice. When you learn to practice your story, tell it with assurance. You’re sure to stand out among all the candidates.2023届上海市杨浦区高三下学期二模英语试题IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Humans Evolved to Be LonelyLoneliness hurts and, over time, it can put the body into a state that increases our risk of everything from heart attack to diabetes and cancer. So, evolutionarily speaking, why do we experience it? Stephanie Cacioppo, a neuroscientist, says that countless studies have helped researchers formulate a holistic（全面的）purpose for loneliness.Being social had its downsides even back then-competition for food, for example, or contribution to the spread of pathogens（病原体）.But scientists think we evolved to feel loneliness because it was more important to work with one another to accomplish tasks and protect everyone. “The pain of loneliness drove us to renew the social structure so we could survive and promote key features like trust, cooperation and collective action,” explains Caciopp o.She says that, for years, researchers thought of loneliness as a “disease with no compensatory features.” But now, they’re realizing that it's more of a biological hunger signal that reminds us when it's time to reconnect with those around us to promote our short-term survival. If the outcomes of loneliness were entirely negative, it would no longer be a part of our DNA. “Hungerand thirst protect our physical body while loneliness protects our social body,” says Cacioppo.Interestingly, while loneliness sends a signal to the brain that it's time for connection, at the same time it's also looking for danger. This “contradictory signal,” according to Cacioppo, reminds us to be careful of whether the people we are connecting with are enemies or friends. She calls this need to be watchful even as we're socializing a “self-protection mechanism.” That means in situations where you feel lonely even when surrounded by others, you’re subconsciously thinking that this crowd might not be a good evolutionary fit for your survival.2023届上海市浦东新区高三下学期二模英语试题IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71.A plan to restore green spacesThe UK government has revealed a plan to protect and restore England's wildlife. It focuses on at-risk species by making canals, rivers and streams cleaner and expanding green spaces.The new Environmental Improvement Plan sets goals to create or restore more than 5,000 square kilometres of wildlife habitats across England and restore 400 miles of rivers. It will create or expand 25 national nature reserves. New woodland will also be planted alongside rivers. At the moment, access to green spaces is not equal across the UK. Around 4% of people live more than 10 minutes away from their nearest park. The Environmental Improvement Plan aims to make sure households in England are within a 15-minute walk to a green space.As well as helping more people to get close to nature, the plan should increase England's biodiversity. A Species Survival Fund will be set up to help some of England’s most endangered animals，such as red squirrels（松鼠）and water rats. The Government has set targets to boost these species by 2030.There are also targets to reduce food waste, glass, metal, paper and plastic by 2028,and to improve the quality of water in rivers.New rules mean that the Government will have to consider the environmental effects of any policy it puts forward. These goals are part of a 25-year plan that was launched in 2018. The aim of the plan is to improve the environment “within a generation”, which is roughly 25 years.Although lots of people have welcomed the plan, not everyone is impressed. Paul de Zylva, from the charity Friends of the Earth, said it wasn't clear enough how the goals would be met and that many of them were like promises the Government had already made but not yet delivered.参考答案2023届上海市崇明区高三下学期二模英语试卷IV. Summary Writing（共10分）The Dunning-Kruger effect refers to a principle where people who don’t know much in certain areas tend to overestimate themselves. The opposite situation can also happen where capable people underestimate themselves. However, many people may not realize where they lack competence, so it’s advisable to admit the existence of the Dunning-Kruger effect and keep humble and learning. (57 words)评分标准：1. 本题总分为10分, 其中内容5分, 语言5分。

2012届上海市高三二模英语试卷——简答(崇明)In so many ways, cyberspace(网络空间) mirrors the real world. People ask for information, play games, and share hobby tips. Others buy and sell products. Still others look for friendship, or even love.Unlike the real world, however, your knowledge about a person is limited to words on a computer screen. Identity and appearance mean very little in cyberspace. Rather, a person’s thoughts—or at least the thoughts they type—are what really count. So even the shyest person can become a chat-room star.Usually, this “faceless” communication doesn’t create problems. Identity doesn’t really matter when you’re in a chat room discussing politics or hobbies. In fact, this emphasis on the ideas themselves makes the Internet a great place for exciting conversation. Where else can so many people come together to chat about their interests?But some Internet users want more than just someone to chat with. They’re looking for serious love relationships. Is cyberspace a good place to find love? That answer depends on whom you ask. Some of these relationships actually succeed. Others fail miserably.Supporters of online relationships claim that the Internet allows couples to get to know each other intellectually first. Personal appearance doesn’t get in the way.But critics of online relationships argue that no one can truly know another person in cyberspace. Why? Because the Internet gives users a lot of control over how others view them. Internet users can carefully craft their words to fit whatever image they want to give. And they don’t have to worry about what their “faceless” communication is doing for their image. In a sense, they’re not really themselves.All of this may be fine if the relationship stays in cyberspace. But not knowing a person is a big problem in a love relationship. With so many unknowns, it’s easy to let one’s imagination “fill in the blanks.” This inevitably leads to disappointment when couples meet in person. How someone imagines an online friend is often quite different than the real person.So, before looking for love in cyberspace, remember the advice of Internet pioneer Clifford Stoll: “Life in the real world is far richer than anything you’ll find on a computer screen.”(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. We learn about a person in cyberspace only through ______________________________.82. Why is the Internet a great place for exciting conversation?83. What makes online love relationship often fail?84. From the passage we can learn that the writer __________________________ looking for loveon the Internet.81. the thoughts they type / the words on a computer screen82. Because people focus on the ideas while talking. / Because it puts emphasis on the ideas themselves.83. Communicating with an imaginary person. / Not truly knowing a person.84. disagrees with / objects to / is against（奉贤）Culture shock is so named because of the effect it has on people when they enter a newculture. Experts have been interested in these effects and have agreed on five basic stages of culture shock. These stages are general and should only be used as a reference. Not every individual will go through each stage, and one stage may last longer than another for different individuals.The hardest thing for most travelers to deal with is the emotional “roller coaster” they seem to be riding. One moment they feel very positive toward the new culture, and the next moment very negative. It seems common that international visitors and immigrants vacillate（犹豫不定）between loving and hating a new country. Feelings of separation and alienation can be intensified if they do not have a sense of fitting in or belonging.Fatigue is another problem people face when entering a new culture. There can be a sense of greater need for sleep. This is due not only to physical tiredness, but also to mental fatigue. This mental fatigue comes from straining to comprehend the language, and coping with new situation.The impact of culture shock can vary from person to person. There can be significant differences because some people may be better prepared to enter a new culture. Four factors which play into these are personality, language ability, length of stay, and the emotional support received.It is logical to think that when people are deprived of heir familiar surroundings they will feel disoriented. One solution some have found is to bring a few small reminders of home. Pictures, wall hangings, favorite utensils, and keepsake are all good candidates to make things feel more familiar. Another helpful activity is to establish little routines that become familiar over time. Even better is fitting things that were part of the regular routine back in the home country into the routine established in the new culture. This will make people feel more at home.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. According to the 1st paragraph,what have experts been interested in?82. What are the two problems people face when entering a new culture?83. Coping with new situations may result in__________.84. The author thinks the more effective way to solve “cultural shock” is__________.81. Culture shock’s effects on people.82. Emotional “roller coaster” and fatigue83. mental fatigue84. fitting some past regular routine into the new culture(虹口)From bankers to factory staff, employees in the west face the bleak prospect (暗淡的前景) of losing their jobs as a global recession (衰退) starts to bite. For colleagues in the East the pain is more likely to come through a pay cut.Human resource experts say cultural differences explain why Asian firms try harder to keep jobs in difficult times, which will stop unemployment and may help keep Asian economies afloat at a time of slowing exports.The East Asian attitude may also make it easier for firms to recover quickly from the economic downturn since they will not need to rehire or train new staff, leaving some experts predicting Western shift to Eastern flexibility.“In the Confucian (儒家的) attitude, the right thing to do is to share the burden. There is the sense of collective responsibility whereas(然而) in the W est, it’s more about the individual survival,” said Michael Benotlel, associate d professor of organizational behavior at Singapore Management University.Steven Pang, Asian Regional Director for Aquent, a headhunting firm, said in many East Asian companies there was a responsibility “ to take care of the members of the family and go through the pain together” even if that meant causing losse s.US firms from General Motors to Goldman Sachs plan to lay off workers by the thousand. But at the Asian units of Western multinationals, job cuts will probably be less severe.Japan’s jobless rate was 4 percent in September, up from 3.8 percent in Janua ry, while Hong Kong’s was flat at 3.4 percent. But US unemployment is expected to have jumped to 6.3 percent last month from below 5 percent in January.Experts say that while there are noticeable differences in labor practices in East and West, the gap will narrow as more firms become more multinational and competition forces firms to adopt the best practices of rivals (对手) from abroad.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. What caused the different practices of Asian and Western firms facing the global recession?82. Why is it easier for the East Asian firms to recover quickly from the economic downturn?83. Firms in the west would lay off workers when facing a bleak prospect because of ______.84. ______ will make the differences in East and West less noticeable.81. The cultural differences between the East and the West.82. Because they needn’t rehire or train new staff. / Because they won’t / don’t need to rehire ortrain new staff.83. the individual survival.84. More firms becoming more multinational and competition(黄浦、嘉定)All of us communicate with one another non-verbally, as well as with words. We gesture with eyebrows or a hand, meet someone else’s eyes and look away, shift positions in a chair. These actions we assume are random and incidental. But researchers have discovered in recent years thatthere is a system to them almost as consistent and comprehensive as language.Every culture has its own body language, and children absorb its difference along with spoken language. A Frenchman talks and moves in French. The way an Englishman crosses his legs is nothing like the way a male American does it. In talking, with a future-tense verb, Americans often gesture with a forward movement.There are regional idioms too. An expert can sometimes pick out a native of Wisconsin just by the way he uses his eyebrows during conversation. Your sex, moral background, social class and personal style all influence your body language.Usually, the wordless communication acts to qualify the words. What the non-verbal elements express very often, and very efficiently, is the emotional side of the message. When a person feels liked or disliked, often it’s a case of “not what he said but the way he said it.” Ps ychologist Albert Mehrabian has come up with this formula: total impact of a message = 7% verbal + 38% gestural + 55% facial.Experts in kinesics – the study of communication through body movement – are not prepared to spell out a vocabulary or gestures. When an American rubs his nose, it may mean he is disagreeing with someone or rejecting something. But there are other possible interpretations, too. Another example: When a student in conversation with a professor holds the older man’s eyes a little longer than is usual, it can be a sign of respect and affection; it can be a challenge to the professor’s authority; or it can be something else entirely. The experts look for patterns in the context, not for an isolated meaningful gesture.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81．What idea does the author aim to convey in paragraph 2?82．Besides moral background, __________ are the other three factors affecting people’s body language.83．F rom Albert’s formula, we learn that the body language __________.84．What can you conclude from the examples given in paragraph 5?81. Every culture has its own body language.82. sex, social class and personal style83. plays a more(most) important role in communication84. The same body language / gesture has different meanings. /The same body language / gesture can be given several interpretations.(静安、杨浦、宝山、青浦)Frogs, toads and salamanders usually make us think of green, slimy little monsters. These monsters actually belong to a very special class of animals called the amphibians. Amphibians can live both on land and in the water. They commonly inhabit ponds, rivers, marshes and other wetlands.Today, amphibians are becoming extinct very quickly from all the six continents where they are found. More than 25 countries are reporting sharp drops in the populations of amphibians. In some places, embryos (胚胎) are dying; in others, adults are missing. Why are they dying off?Scientists blame human interference. Industrial waste and toxic gases given out by factories, manufacturing plants and cars are steadily poisoning the breeding grounds of amphibians. Chemicals such as sulphur dioxide rise high into the atmosphere and mix with rain. This makes the rain acidic and thus kills off delicate amphibian embryos.More rare species of amphibians are already gone. Costa Rica's Golden toads have not been seen since 1989. The Australian Gastric Brooding frogs are extinct. Leopard frog numbers are dropping in the Rocky Mountains. Leopard frogs live in the wetland regions in these areas. The wetlands are being drained to make way for highways, industry and new housing.Another threat to the amphibians is the increased ultraviolet radiation. Ultraviolet rays come from the sun and are extremely harmful to living things. They can cause skin cancer in humans. Luckily for us, ultraviolet rays are blocked by a thick layer of ozone above the earth's atmosphere. Ozone is a special kind of oxygen which absorbs ultraviolet radiation. Now, the ozone layer is being destroyed by chemicals called CFC's which are given off by factories. A hole in the ozone layer was discovered over Antarctica in the late 1980’s. As a result, more ultraviolet rays are reaching the earth and more amphibians are dying.Just as the emergence of new infectious diseases such as Bird Flu are a threat to human and animal populations across the world, amphibian species are also facing their most significant threat from a little understood disease. A chytrid fungus is understood to be of the major causes of frog death across the world.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS)81. _____________________________________indicate that amphibians are dying out quickly.82. What’s the destructive force of acid rain?_________________________________________________________________________.83. The ozone layer protects people by _____________________________________________.84. List at least two major factors that lead to the extinction of amphibians._________________________________________________________________________.81. The sharp drops in the populations of amphibians from over 25 countries82. It kills off delicate amphibian embryos.83. absorbing/ blocking the (harmful) ultraviolet radiation84. Human interference, increased ultraviolet radiation and new infectious diseases（闵行）High school dropouts (辍学者) earn an average of $9,000 less per year than graduates. Now a new study moves away a common belief why they quit. It’s much more than failing in exams at school.Society tends to think of high school dropouts as kids who just can’t cut it. They are lazy, and perhaps not too bright. So researchers were surprised when they asked more than 450 kids who quit school about why they left.“The vast majority actually had passing grades and they were confident that they could have graduated from high school.” John Bridgeland, the ex ecutive researcher said. About one million teens leave school each year. Only about half of African-American and Hispanic students will receive a diploma, and actually all dropouts come to regret their decision. So, if failing grades don’t explain why these kids quit, what does? Again, John Bridgeland: “The most dependable finding was that they were bored.” “They found classes uninteresting; they weren’t inspired or motivated. They didn’t see any direct connection between what they were learning in the classroom to their own lives, or to their career aspirations.”The study found that most teens who do drop out wait until they turn sixteen, which happens to be the age at which most states allow students to quit. In the US, only one state, New Mexico, has a law requiring teenagers to stay in high school until they graduate. Only four states: California, Tennessee, Texas and Utah, plus the District of Columbia, require school attendance until age 18, no exceptions, another researcher, says raising the compulsory attendance age may be one way to keep more kids in school.“As these dropouts look back, they realize they’ve mad e a mistake. And anything that sort of gives these people an extra push to stick it out and it through to the end, is probably helpful measure.”New Hampshire may be the next state to raise its school attendance age to 18. But critics say that forcing the students unwilling to continue their studies to stay in school misses the point－the need for reform. It’s been called for to reinvent high school education to make it more challenging and relevant, and to ensure that kids who do stick it out receive a diploma that actually means something.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 10 WORDS)81. What do people think of those who quit school?82. Many students quit school not because they cannot pass grades but because they find lessons_________________________.83. Why don’t some students quit until they are sixteen?84. According to the passage, the more effective way to keep students from quitting is to_________________________.81. (They are) lazy and not bright.82. uninteresting and not relevant to real life/ having no direct connection with their lives83. Because that’s the age to be allowed to quit. / Because that’s the compulsory attendance agerequired by law.84. reform or reinvent high school education（浦东）Planting trees around poultry(家禽) farms can improve air and water quality – and relations with neighbors. Research has shown that just three rows of trees near poultry houses can reduce the release of dust and ammonia (氨). They can also reduce the strong smell of ammonia gas.The trees capture dust, ammonia and smells in their leaves. They can also reduce energy use. They also provide shade from the sun, so they reduce cooling costs in summer. And they act as a windbreak, so they reduce heating costs in winter. Trees can also improve water quality around farms by removing pollutions from soil and groundwater.Several years ago, people were objecting to the smell of poultry farms on the Delmarva Peninsula in the eastern United States. Delmarva is where the states of Delaware, Maryland and Virginia come together. Two thousand farms there can each house an average of seventy-five thousand chickens.Traditionally the farms used windows to provide fresh air in the chicken houses. Farmers rarely planted trees or tall crops around the buildings, so there would be no barrier to the airflow.But then in the 60s, farms began to use mechanical ventilation(通风) systems. Instead of windows, the mechanical systems used tunnel fans to circulate(使…循环) air. The fans directed airflow from the poultry houses toward the homes of neighbors.Researchers began dealing with the problem in 2000. They found that over a period of six years, planting three rows of trees reduced total dust and ammonia by more than half. And they found that smells were reduced by 18%.Farmers may think trees will take too long to grow and be effective. But some trees can grow quickly. At least one-third of the Delmarva farms have planted trees, technically known as vegetative environmental buffers. The idea offers a way to cut pollution, save money and energy, and make the neighbors happy.81. How did the mechanical ventilation system work?82.The number of chickens raised on the poultry farms in Delmarva is up to ____________________.83.The benefits of planting trees around poultry farms are __________________________________.84. What is the main topic of the passage?81. By using tunnel fans to circulate air82. 150 million83. cutting pollution, saving money and energy, and make the neighbors happy84. The benefits of planting trees around poultry farms（普陀）Parents and kids today dress alike, listen to the same music, and are friends. Is this a good thing? Sometimes, when Mr. Ballmer and his 16-year-old daughter, Elizabeth, listen to rock musictogether and talk about interests both enjoy, such as pop culture, he remembers his more distant relationship with his parents when he was a teenager.“I would never have said to my mom, ‘Hey, the new Weezer album is really great. How do you like it?’” says Ballmer.“There was just a complete gap in taste.”Music was not the only gulf. From clothing and hairstyles to activities and expectations, earlier generations of parents and children often appeared to move in separate orbits.Today, the generation gap has not disappeared, but it is getting narrow in many families. Conversations on subjects such as sex and drugs would not have taken place a generation ago. Now they are comfortable and common. And parent—child activities, from shopping to sports, involve a feeling of trust and friendship that can continue into adulthood.No wonder greeting cards today carry the message, “To my mother, my best friend.”But family experts warn that the new equality can also result in less respect for parents. “There’s still a lot of s trictness and authority on the part of parents out there, but there is a change happening,” says Kerrie, a psychology professor at Lebanon Valley College. “In the middle of that change, there is a lot of confusion among parents.”Family researchers offer a variety of reasons for these evolving roles and attitudes. They see the 1960s as a turning point. Great cultural changes led to more open communication and a more democratic process that encourages everyone to have a say.“My parents were on the ‘before’ side of that change, but today’s parents, the 40-year-olds, were on the ‘after’ side,” explains Mr. Ballmer. “It’s not something easily accomplished by parents these days, because life is more difficult to understand or deal with, but sharing interests does make it more fun to be a parent now.”(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.) 81. The underlined word “gulf” in Para.3 most probably means ______________.82. How is the generation gap getting narrow today?_____________________________________________.83. What is the change in today’s parent-child relationship?_________________________________________________84. The purpose of the passage is to ___________________________.81.distance82.Parents share more interests with their children.83. New equality between parents and children84.discuss the development of the parent—child relationship（徐汇、金山）When the Internet powerhouse Yahoo wanted to teachethics（道德标准）to its employees, it faced a challenge familiarto multinational companies.Yahoo employs nearly 14,000 people at 25 sites worldwide.They would feel bored at sitting down in front of a dated video inwhich actors with 1980s haircuts tell them what to do. So it hireda company called The Network to design a game. In the game, the truck where Yahoo was founded traveled the world, turning into a boat and a helicopter along the way as it visited some of Yahoo’s foreign offices. Participants play in game show-like scenarios（场景）that quiz them about conflicts of interest and doing business fairly. And employees note: Yahoo is tracking how well they do.Such activities draw more enthusiastic participation and teach more effectively than traditional methods. They are described as alternative-reality games (ARGs), involving both interactive and real-world elements. Besides teaching employees, ARGs have also been used in many areas for a number of different purposes.From a marketing perspective, a number of very successful ARGs have been written as a way to build product awareness. A very popular ARG called I Love Bees was produced to market the 2004 video game Halo 2. At its height, I Love Bees received between two to three million unique visitors over the course of three months.ARGs are more than just a fun way to learn. They have also been used to solve real world problems. An ARG called World Without Oil was created to obtain collective input from players about dealing with the world’s dependency on oil.World without Oil simulates（模拟）the first 32 days of a global oil crisis and anybody could play by creating a personal story that recorded the imagined reality of their life in the crisis. World Without Oil’s success on a small budget has opened the door for similar games to engage mainstream Internet users with climate change, education reform, governmental policy and other timely, vital issues.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. What challenge did yahoo face in teaching ethics to its employees?82. In the game designed for yahoo, participants had to answer questions about ________.83. What are the three major functions of ARG mentioned in the passage?84. The success of World Without Oil suggests that ARGs can ________.81. （How to）draw more enthusiastic participation and teach more effectively.82. conflicts of interest and doing business fairly83. Teaching employees, building product awareness and solving real world problems.84. engage mainstream Internet users with more timely, vital issues（杨浦1.5）Do you know anyone who suffers from equinophobia, pluviophobia or leukophobia? Or, to put it another way, do you know anyone who is very afraid of horses, rain or the colour white? You probably don't, and yet these are recognized medical conditions, though very rare ones.According to many surveys, more than ten per cent of people in the United States have some kind of phobia (the word comes from the Greek phobós, meaning fear). There are, of course, dozens of different kinds, ranging from the obscure to the well known. The names of most of them have been created by adding 'phobia' to a Greek or Latin root - a process that has turned into something of a word game, with people inventing names for conditions that perhaps exist only in theory (for example androidophobia, the fear of robots).True phobias consist of an intense fear that produces a very strong desire to avoid the object of that fear. Without specialist help they are very difficult to control and tend to disrupt the daily life of the sufferer.Phobias often originate from upsetting experiences earlier in life - for example an intense fear of dogs (cynophobia) often comes from having been bitten by one; In some cases, however, experts suggest phobias are to some extent evolutionary, arising not from personal experience but from inherited memory lying deep in our brains. Arachnophobia and ophidiophobia (the fear of snakes) are often suggested as examples: for our distant ancestors, who lived closer to nature than we do, fear of poisonous spiders and snakes would have served the useful evolutionary purpose of helping them avoid potentially fatal bites.A common technique for treating some phobias is that of 'progressive exposure' in which sufferers are encouraged by a therapist to gradually get closer to the object of their fear. The idea is that at each step the patient realizes nothing bad is happening to them, which should lead to their fear gradually decreasing. With someone who is terrified of spiders, for example, the therapist might start by showing them a picture of a spider, then introducing a real spider in a glass box and slowly moving the box closer to them, then finally having them hold the spider in the palm of their hand. Therapy of this kind is said to be very effective, although in this case perhaps not very enjoyable.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS)81. When we want to create a name to describe the condition of a person who has the fear of ice, the name is usually ended with _______________________________________.82. A sufferer of a true phobia usually desires strongly to _______________________________.83. What are the two possible reasons for different kinds of phobias?84. In the last paragraph, the writer gives an example of the treatment of someone who is terrified of spiders to illustrate the meaning or ________________________________________.81. phobia82. avoid the object of his fear83. Upsetting experiences earlier in life and inherited memory.84. progressive exposure（闸北）A commercial transaction, in its simplest form, involves a customer paying for goods or services. But these days, that is just the first step. Businesses want your opinion of them, too, and their requests for feedback now seem to come with every purchase.Prime reason for the trend is that software companies like SurveyGizmo and QuestionPro have made it possible for small companies to create customer surveys at a small part of the cost of traditional surveys. Out of desperate thirst to lock in customer loyalty, businesses of all sizes see surveys as a window into the emotional world of their customers which serve like a database that will offer guidance in that field.Consumer patience may be fraying with the surveys. The constant bothering has led to a condition known as survey tiredness and falling response rates. The declines can be reasoned from two angles. The frequent requests with no incentives (奖励) just have people stop doing it. In the。

2012届上海市高三二模英语试卷——作文（崇明）近年来，食品安全事件频频曝光，食品安全问题成为人们关注的焦点。

最近，某网站的一个论坛正在就这个问题展开讨论，请你也来参与这个讨论，谈谈你对这一问题的看法。

你的讨论需包括：➢食品安全问题的现状➢产生这一问题的原因➢解决这一问题的建议（奉贤）请根据下面的图片，写一篇短文，内容包括：1．描述漫画内容；2．结合自己或身边的事例阐述图中的寓意；3．简要发表自己的观点。

（虹口）下图为上海市城市污染源比例柱状图。

请你简要描述图表内容，并就城市空气污染的状况提出你的改进建议。

注意：作文中不得出现你本人的姓名、班级、学校等真实信息。

【写作参考答案】With the development of industry，air pollution is getting more and more serious. In Shanghai，many people suffer from different kinds of illness because of air pollution.Air pollution is caused by the following reasons. About half of the problem is caused by vehicles. There are more and more cars and buses on the road，which give off poisonous gases. 35% of air pollution is caused by factories. Another factor is smoking. Smoki ng does harm to others’health as well as to that of the smokers. Besides，about 10% of air pollution is caused by other reasons.We should take some measures to fight against pollution. New fuel can be used to take the place of gas. We can plant more trees，grass and flowers. All in all, if everybody realizes the importance of environment and does something to stop pollution，the prob lem will be solved.(黄浦、嘉定)你所在的社区正在征集以下三个志愿者服务项目的具体活动方案：1）参与社区环保；2）陪伴空巢老人（the elderly in empty nest）；3）组织读书活动。