2008考研英语阅读理解真题解析第三篇“话说身高”

08AAdrian’s ―Amazing Race‖ started early when his parents realized that he, as a baby, couldn’t hear a thing, not even loud nois es. In a special school for the hearing-impaired (听觉受损的)，he learned sign language and got to mix with other disabled children. However, the sight of all the disabled children communicating with one another upset his mother. She wanted him to lead a normal life. So after speaking to an advisor, she sent him to private classes where he learned to read lips and pronounce words.Later on, Adrian’s parents decided to send him to a regular school. But the headmaster tried to prevent them from doing so, saying regular school couldn’t take care of a special needs students. His parents were determined to take the risk and push h im hard to go through his work everyday because they wanted to prove that, given the opportunity, he could do anything. Adrian made the grade and got accepted. It was a big challenge. The pace（节奏）was faster so he had to sit at the front of the class and really pay attention to the teacher, which wasn’t always easy. But he stuck to it and did a lot of extra work after school.The efforts made by Adrian and his parents paid off. Adrian graduated with good grades and got into a top high school. He also achieved a lot in life outside school. He developed a love for the outdoors and went to Nepal to climb mountains. He even entered the World Yacht Race 05/06--- being the first hearing-impaired Asian to do so.But none of these achievements would have been possib le without one of the most important lessons from his mother.‖ ―If you believe in yourself and work hard, you can achieve great results.‖ She often said.41. How did Adrian communicate with other children in the special school?A. By speaking.B. By using sign languageC. By reading lipsD. By making loud noises42. Adrian’s parents decided to send him to a regular school because .A. they wanted him to live a normal lifeB. they wanted to prove the headmaster wrongC. he wouldn’t mix with other disabled childrenD. he wasn’t taken good care of in the special school43. How did Adrian finally succeed in his study?A. He did a lot of outdoor activities.B. He was pushed hard to study every day.C. He attended private classes after school.D. He worked very hard both in and after class44. Why is Adrian’s life described as an ―Amazing Race‖?A. He did very well in his studyB. He succeeded in entering a regular schoolC. He reached his goals in spite of his disabilityD. He took part in the World Yacht Race 05/06本文讲述的是一位听障青年自强不息的励志故事。

英译汉Europe Pushes to Get Fuel From Fields欧洲推动从田地获取燃料ARDEA, Italy — The previous growing season, this lush coastal field near Rome was filled with rows of delicate durum wheat, used to make high-quality pasta. Today it overflows with rapeseed, a tall, gnarled weedlike plant bursting with coarse yellow flowers that has become a new manna for European farmers: rapeseed can be turned into biofuel.意大利阿尔代尔——在先前的发展时期，靠近罗马的那些肥沃的沿海田地种满了成排的硬粒小麦，这些小麦用于制作高质量的意大利面。

现如今这片土地种植了油菜籽，这是一种高高的、粗糙的像野草一样的植物，开着粗俗的黄花，然而这已成为欧洲农民新的甘露:油菜籽可以变成生物燃料。

Motivated by generous subsidies to develop alternative energy sources —and a measure of concern about the future of the planet — Europe’s farmers are beginning to grow crops that can be turned into fuels meant to produce fewer emissions than gas or oil. They are chasing their counterparts in the Americas who have been raising crops for biofuel for more than five years. 发展可替代能源资源会有丰厚的补助，同时这也是为地球的未来考虑，受到这两方面因素的激励，欧洲的农民开始种植可以变成燃料的农作物，这种燃料比汽油或燃油排放更清洁。

2008年考研英语text3摘要：I.引言- 谈论考研英语的重要性- 提出本文讨论的主题II.考研英语阅读理解技巧- 略读和寻读- 理解文章结构- 推理判断III.考研英语写作技巧- 写作类型及结构- 语言表达和词汇选择- 文章修改和润色IV.考研英语听力和口语技巧- 提高听力能力- 口语表达和回答技巧- 模拟练习和自我评估V.总结- 强调考研英语综合能力的重要性- 建议备考策略和时间安排正文：考研英语作为研究生入学考试的一部分，对于许多学生来说是一项巨大的挑战。

要想在考研英语中取得好成绩，不仅需要扎实的英语基础知识，还需要掌握一定的阅读、写作、听力和口语技巧。

本文将针对这些方面进行详细探讨。

首先，阅读理解是考研英语的重要组成部分。

要想提高阅读理解能力，考生需要学会略读和寻读。

略读可以帮助考生快速抓住文章主旨，而寻读则有助于考生精准找到关键信息。

此外，考生还需要理解文章结构，从而更好地把握文章脉络。

推理判断能力也是阅读理解中不可或缺的一环，通过这一技巧，考生可以推断出文章中隐含的意义。

其次，写作能力在考研英语中占有较大比重。

考生需要熟悉不同类型的写作文章以及它们的结构。

在写作过程中，语言表达和词汇选择显得尤为重要。

考生应尽量使用高级词汇和表达，以提高文章的质量。

此外，文章修改和润色也是写作中不可忽视的环节，考生需要学会自我审查，找出文章中的错误并加以改正。

再者，听力和口语技巧对于考研英语同样重要。

提高听力能力需要考生多听多练，通过不断接触英语听力材料来锻炼自己的耳朵。

在口语表达方面，考生需要掌握一定的表达技巧，如何开头、如何结尾、如何表达自己的观点等。

此外，模拟练习和自我评估也是提高口语能力的重要途径。

总之，考研英语不仅考查考生的英语基础知识，还考查考生的综合能力。

要想在考研英语中取得好成绩，考生需要掌握一定的阅读、写作、听力和口语技巧，并制定合理的备考策略和时间安排。

2008年考研英语真题详细解析(3)应用文范文Dear Bob,I am writing to express my apology to you.Several days ago, I borrowed your music CD when I lived in your house. Unfortunately, after I came back from Canada, I found it in my luggage. I was in such a hurry that I forgot to return it to you. I will send it to you by post or express as soon as possible. If necessary, I will compensate for any troubles it may cause.Once again, I feel so sorry for any inconvenience caused. Please accept my apologies.Sincerely yours,Li Ming大作文范文As is illustrated in the picture, the two disabled persons whose crippled legs are bound together do a lot of traveling. Accordingly, this far-reaching picture reflects a common phenomenon in today's society: the people who are in the dark want to turn the corner but they can not make it respectively and in turn they have to choose to pull together in times of trouble.There are several reasons accounting for this. Since we have to live in an on-the-move lifestyle, we may encounter various plights, where we would be at a loss rather than to seek for others' assistance. Further more, if we do not offer help to each other when we confront dilemma, we would not realize our dream. And no issue in China is as basic to build up the society in harmony as to conduct coordination in face of disasters.Judging from what have been argued above, people have come to realize the value of mutual aid. It is, therefore, necessary that some effective steps be made to advocate spirit of supporting each other. To begin with, the government shouldmake laws to encourage people to unite. In addition, people should enhance the awareness of caring each other especially when they are in trouble. Only in those ways, can we make people, even not being acquaintance, help each other.。

Section ⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 1 to say it anyway. He is that 2 bird, a scientist who works independently 3 any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not 4 thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused Much controversy when it was first suggested.5 he, however, might tremble at the6 of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only7 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. The group in8 are a particular people originated from central Europe. The process is natural selection.This group generally do well in IQ test, 9 12-15 points above the 10 value of 100, and have contributed 11 to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the 12 of their elites, including several world-renowned scientists, 13 . They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts, 14 , have previously been thought unrelated. The former has been 15 to social effects, such as a strong tradition of 16 education. The latter was seen as a (an) 17 of genetic isolation. Dr. Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately 18 . His argument is that the unusual history of these people has 19 them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this 20 state of affairs.1. [A] selected [B] prepared [C] obliged [D] pleased2. [A] unique [B] particular [C] special [D] rare3. [A] of [B] with [C] in [D] against4. [A] subsequently [B] presently [C] previously [D] lately5. [A] Only [B] So [C] Even [D] Hence6. [A] thought [B] sight [C] cost [D] risk7. [A] advises [B] suggests [C] protests [D] objects8. [A] progress [B] fact [C] need [D] question9. [A] attaining [B] common [C] mean [D] calculating10.[A] normal [B] common [C] mean [D] total11.[A] unconsciously [B] disproportionately[C] indefinitely [D] unaccountably12.[A] missions [B] fortunes [C] interests [D] careers13.[A] affirm [B] witness [C] observe [D] approve14.[A] moreover [B] therefore [C] however [D] meanwhile15.[A] given up [B] got over [C] carried on [D] put down16.[A] assessing [B] supervising [C] administering [D] valuing17.[A] development [B] origin [C] consequence [D]instrument18.[A] linked [B] integrated [C] woven [D] combined19.[A] limited [B] subjected [C] converted [D] directed20.[A] paradoxical [B] incompatible [C] inevitable [D] continuousSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1While still catching-up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. “Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in resp onse to stress compared to men,” according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York’s Veteran’s Administration Hospital.Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affects the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased “opportunities” for stress. “It’s not necessarily that women don’t cope as well. It’s just that they have so much more to cope with,” says Dr. Yehuda. “Their capacity for tolerat ing stress may even be greater than men’s,” she observes, “It’s just that they’re dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.”Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. “I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family numbers, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.”Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birt h to a son, but wad determined to finish college. “I struggled a lot to get the college degree. I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape, to go to school, and get ahead and do better.” Later her marriage ended and she became a single mot her. “It’s the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt. I lived from paycheck to paycheck.”Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarez describes. But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and feeling the strain. Alvarez’s experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.21. Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?[A] Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress.[B] Women are still suffering much stress caused by men.[C] Women are more experienced than men in coping with stress.[D] Men and women show different inclinations when faced with stress.22. Dr. Yehuda’s research suggests that women[A] Need extra doses of chemicals to handle stress.[B] Have limited capacity for tolerating stress.[C] Are more capable of avoiding stress.[D] Are exposed to more stress.23. According to Paragraph 4, the stress women confront tends to be[A] domestic and temporary.[B] irregular and violent.[C] durable and frequent.[D] trivial and random.24. The sentence “I lived from paycheck to paycheck.”(Line 6, Para. 5) shows that[A] Alvarez cared about nothing but making money.[B] Alvarez’s salary barely covered her household expenses.[C] Alvarez got paychecks from different jobs.[D] Alvarez paid practically everything by check.25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Strain of Stress: No Way Out?[B] Responses to Stress: Gender Difference[C] Stress Analysis: What Chemicals Say[D] Gender Inequality: Women Under StressText 2It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their research to a journal. A journal editor would then remove the authors’ names and affiliations from the paper and send it to their peers for review. Depending on the comments received, the editor would accept the paper for publication or decline it. Copyright rested with the journal publisher, and researchers seeking knowledge of the results would have to subscribe to the journal.No longer. The Internet–and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it- is making access to scientific results a reality. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has just issued a report describing the far-reaching consequences of this. The report, by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, made handsome profits. But it goes further than that. It signals a change in what has, until now, been a key element of scientific endeavor.The value of knowledge and the return on the public investment in research depends, in part, upon wide distribution and ready access. It is big business. In America, the core scientific publishing market is estimated at between $7 billion and $11 billion. The International Association of Scientific, Technical and Medical Publishers says that there are more than 2,000 publishers worldwide specializing in these subjects. They publish more than 1.2 million articles each year in some 16,000 journals.This is now changing. According to the OECD report, some 75% of scholarly journals are now online. Entirely new business models are emerging; three main institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements. There is open-access publishing, typically supported by asking the author (or his employer) to pay for the paper to be published. Finally, there are open-access archives, where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories. Other models exist that are hybrids of these three, such as delayed open-access, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it. All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process, at least for the publication of papers.26. In the first paragraph, the author discusses[A] the background information of journal editing.[B] the publication routine of laboratory reports.[C] the relations of authors with journal publishers.[D] the traditional process of journal publication.27. Which of the following is true of the OECD report?[A] It criticizes government-funded research.[B] It introduces an effective means of publication.[C] It upsets profit-making journal publishers.[D] It benefits scientific research considerably.28. According to the text, online publication is significant in that[A] it provides an easier access to scientific results.[B] it brings huge profits to scientific researchers.[C] it emphasizes the crucial role of scientific knowledge.[D] it facilitates public investment in scientific research.29. With the open-access publishing model, the author of a paper is required to[A] cover the cost of its publication.[B] subscribe to the journal publishing it.[C] allow other online journals to use it freely.[D] complete the peer-review before submission.30. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?[A] The Internet is posing a threat to publishers.[B] A new mode of publication is emerging.[C] Authors welcome the new channel for publication.[D] Publication is rendered easier by online service.Text 3In the early 1960s Wilt Chamberlain was one of only three players in the National BasketballAssociation (NBA) listed at over seven feet. If he had played last season, however, he would have been one of 42. The bodies playing major professional sports have changed dramatically over the years, and managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger, longer frames.The trend in sports, though, may be obscuring an unrecognized reality: Americans have generally stopped growing. Though typically about two inches taller now than 140 years ago, today’s people- especially those born to families who have lived in the U.S. for many generations- apparently reached their limit in the early 1960s. And they aren’t likely to get any taller. “In the general population today, at this genetic, environmental level, we’ve pretty much gone as far as we can go,” says anthropologist William Cameron Chumlea of Wright State University. In the case of NBA players, their increase in height appears to result from the increasingly common practice of recruiting players from all over the world.Growth, which rarely continues beyond the age of 20, demands calories and nutrients – notably, protein –to feed expanding tissues. At the start of the 20th century, under-nutrition and childhood infections got in the way. But as diet and health improved, children and adolescents have, on average, increased in height by about an inch and a half every 20 years, a pattern known as the secular trend in height. Yet according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, average height- 5′9〞for men, 5′4〞for women- hasn’t really changed since 1960. Genetically speaking, there are advantages to avoiding substantial height. During childbirth, larger babies have more difficulty passing through the birth canal. Moreover, even though humans have been upright for millions of years, our feet and back continue to struggle with bipedal posture and cannot easily withstand repeated strain imposed by oversize limbs. “There are some real constraints that are set by the genetic architecture of the individual organism,” says anthropologist William Leonard of Northwestern University.Genetic maximums can change, but don’t expect this to happen soon. Claire C. Gord on, senior anthropologist at the Army Research Center in Natick, Mass., ensures that 90 percent of the uniforms and workstations fit recruits without alteration. She says that, unlike those for basketball, the length of military uniforms has not changed for some time. And if you need to predict human height in the near future to design a piece of equipment, Gordon says that by and large, “you could use today’s data and feel fairly confident.”31. Wilt Chamberlain is cited as an example to[A] illustrate the change of height of NBA players.[B] show the popularity of NBA players in the U.S..[C] compare different generations of NBA players.[D] assess the achievements of famous NBA players.32. Which of the following plays a key role in body growth according to the text?[A] Genetic modification.[B] Natural environment.[C] Living standards.[D] Daily exercise.33. On which of the following statements would the author most probably agree?[A] Non-Americans add to the average height of the nation.[B] Human height is conditioned by the upright posture.[C] Americans are the tallest on average in the world.[D] Larger babies tend to become taller in adulthood.34. We learn from the last paragraph that in the near future[A] the garment industry will reconsider the uniform size.[B] the design of military uniforms will remain unchanged.[C] genetic testing will be employed in selecting sportsmen.[D] the existing data of human height will still be applicable.35. The text intends to tell us that[A] the change of human height follows a cyclic pattern.[B] human height is becoming even more predictable.[C] Americans have reached their genetic growth limit.[D] the genetic pattern of Americans has altered.Text 4In 1784, five years before he became president of the United States, George Washington, 52, was nearly toothless. So he hired a dentist to transplant nine teeth into his jaw- having extracted them from the months of his slaves.That’s far different image from the cherry-tree-chopping George most people remember from their history books. But recently, many historians have begun to focus on the roles slavery played in the lives of the founding generation. They have been spurred in part by DNA evidence made available in 1998, which almost certainly proved Thomas Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings. And only over the past 30 years have scholars examined history from the bottom up. Works of several historians reveal the moral compromises made by the nation’s early leaders and the fragile nature of the country’s infancy. More significantly, they argue that many of the Founding Fathers knew slavery was wrong and yet most did little to fight it.More than anything, the historians say, the founders were hampered by the culture of their time. While Washington and Jefferson privately expressed distaste for slavery, they also understood that it was part of the political and economic bedrock of the country they helped to create.For one thing, the South could not afford to part with i ts slaves. Owning slaves was “like having a large bank account,” says Wiencek, author of An Imperfect God: George Washington, His Slaves, and the Creation of America. The southern states would not have signed the Constitution without protections for the “peculiar institution,” including a clause that counted a slave as three fifths of a man for purposes of congressional representation.And the statesmen’s political lives depended on slavery. The three-fifths formula handed Jefferson his narrow victory in the presidential election of 1800 by inflating the votes of the southern states in the Electoral College. Once in office, Jefferson extended slavery with the Louisiana Purchase in 1803; the new land was carved into 13 states, including three slave states. St ill, Jefferson freed Hemings’s children- though not Hemings herself or his approximately 150 other slaves. Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal afterobserving the bravery of the black soldiers during the Revolutionary War, overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his slaves their freedom in his will. Only a decade earlier, such an act would have required legislative approval in Virginia.36. George Washington’s dental surgery is mentioned to[A] show the primitive medical practice in the past.[B] demonstrate the cruelty of slavery in his days.[C] stress the role of slaves in the U.S. history.[D] reveal some unknown aspect of his life.37. We may infer from the second paragraph that[A] DNA technology has been widely applied to history research.[B] in its early days the U.S. was confronted with delicate situations.[C] historians deliberately made up some stories of Jefferson’s life.[D] political compromises are easily found throughout the U.S. history.38. What do we learn about Thomas Jefferson?[A] His political view changed his attitude towards slavery.[B] His status as a father made him free the child slaves.[C] His attitude towards slavery was complex.[D] His affair with a slave stained his prestige.39. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Some Founding Fathers benefit politically from slavery.[B] Slaves in the old days did not have the right to vote.[C] Slave owners usually had large savings accounts.[D] Slavery wad regarded as a peculiar institution.40. Washington’s decision to free slaves originated from his[A] moral considerations.[B] military experience.[C] financial conditions.[D] political stand.Part BDirections:In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The time for sharpening pencils, arranging your desk, and doing almost anything else instead of writing has ended. The first draft will appear on the page only if you stop avoiding the inevitable and sit, stand up, or lie down to write. (41)Be flexible. Your outline should smoothly conduct you from one point to the next, but do notpermit it to railroad you. If a relevant and important idea occurs to you now, work it into the draft.(42) Grammar, punctuation, and spelling can wait until you revise. Concentrate on what you are saying. Good writing most often occurs when you are in hot pursuit of an idea rather than in a nervous search for errors.(43) Your pages will be easier to keep track of that way, and, if you have to clip a paragraph to place it elsewhere, you will nit lose any writing on the other side.If you are working on a word processor, you can take advantage of its capacity to make additions and deletions as well as move entire paragraph by making just a few simple keyboard commands. Some software programs can also check spelling and certain grammatical elements in your writing. (44) These printouts are also easier to read than the screen when you work on revision.Once you have a first draft on paper, you can delete material that in unrelated to your thesis and add material necessary to illustrate your points and make your paper convincing. The student who wrote: “The A &P as a State of Mind” wisely dropped a paragraph that questioned whether Sammy displays chauvinistic attitudes toward women. (45)Remember that your initial draft is only that. You should go through the paper many times- and then again- working to substantiate and clarify your ideas. You may even end up with several entire versions of the paper. Rewrite. The sentences within each paragraph should be related to a single topic. Transitions should connect one paragraph to the next so that there are no abrupt or confusing shifts. Awkward or wordy phrasing or unclear sentences and paragraphs should be mercilessly poked and prodded into shape.[A] To make revising easier, leave wide margins and extra space between lines so that you can easily add words, sentences, and corrections. Write on only one side of the paper.[B] After you have clearly and adequately developed the body of your paper, pay particular attention to the introductory and concluding paragraphs. It’s probably best to write the introduction last, after you know precisely what you are introducing. Concluding paragraphs demand equal attention because they leave the reader with a final impression.[C] It’s worth remembering, however, that though a clean copy fresh off a printer may look terrific, it will read only as well as the thinking and writing that have gone into it. Many writers prudently store their data on disks and print their pages each time they finish a draft to avoid losing any material because of power failures or other problems.[D] It makes no difference how you write, just so you do. Now that you have developed a topic into a tentative thesis, you can assemble your notes and begin to flesh out whatever outline you have made.[E] Although this is an interesting issue, it has nothing to do with the thesis, which explains how the setting influences Sammy’s decisi on to quit his job. Instead of including that paragraph, she added one that described Lengel’s crabbed response to the girls so that she could lead up to the A & P “policy” he enforces.[F] In the final paragraph about the significance of the setting in “A& P,” the student brings together the reasons Sammy quit his job by referring to his refusal to accept Lengel’s store policies.[G] By using the first draft as a means of thinking about what you want to say, you will very likely discover more than your no tes originally suggested. Plenty of good writers don’t use outlines at all but discover ordering principles as they write. Do not attempt to compose a perfectly correctdraft the first time around.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)In his autobiography, Darwin himself speaks of his intellectual powers with extraordinary modesty. He points out that he always experienced much difficulty in expressing himself clearly and concisely, but (46) he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations. He disclaimed he possession of any great quickness of apprehension or wit, such as distinguished Huxley. (47) He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics. His memory, too, he described as extensive, but hazy. So poor in one sense was it that he never could remember for more than a few days a single date or a line of poetry. (48) On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning. This, he thought, could not be true, because the “Origin of Species” is one long argument from the beginning to the end, and has convinced many able men. No one, he submits, could have written it without possessing some power of reasoning. He was willing to assert that “I have a fair share of invention, and of common sense or judgment, such as every fairly successful lawyer or doctor must have, but not, I believe, in any higher degree.” (49) He adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully.”Writing in the last year of his life, he expressed the opinion that in two or three respects his mind had changed during the preceding twenty or thirty years. Up to the age of thirty or beyond it poetry of many kids gave him great pleasure. Formerly, too, pictures had given him considerable, and music very great, delight. In 1881, however, he said:“Now for many years I cannot endure to read a line of poetry. I have also almost lost my taste for pictures or music.” (50) Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.Section ⅢWritingPart A51. Directions:You have just come back from Canada and found a music CD in your luggage that you forgot to return to Bob, your landlord there. Write him a letter to1) make an apology, and2) suggest a solution.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)。

2008 Text 3In the early 1960s Wilt Chamberlain was one of only three players in the National Basketball Association (NBA) listed at over seven feet. ①If he had played last season, however, he would have been one of 42. ②The bodies playing major professional sports have changed dramatically over the years, and managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger, longer frames.在20世纪60年代早期，Wilt Chamberlain是美国国家篮球协会中仅有的身高超过7英尺的三个人之一。

可是如果他参加了上个赛季的话，他就变成了42分之一了。

这些年来在较大的职业体育运动中的运动员的身体状况发生了很大的改变，而他们的经理人也更愿意调整队员的运动服来适应队员们更大，更高的身材。

association[ə'səusi'eiʃən] n. 联系,联想;交际,交往;协会,社团【例】Let's form an association to help blind people. 让我们建立一个协会来帮助盲人吧。

dramatically[drə'mætikli] ad. 从戏剧角度;戏剧性地,显著地【例】I kept emphasizing how dramatically things have changed.我反复强调事情发生了多大的变化。

⽂章难度基本保持稳定 ⾸先考研阅读理解PartA的四篇⽂章难度依然呈现递增式的现象。

前两篇⽐较简单，后两篇相对较难。

这⼀趋势已经维持了⼗⼏年，也就告诉我们09年的考⽣在考场上的时间分配上可以依循“15，15，20，20”原则——即前两篇每篇15分钟，后两篇每篇20分钟。

其次⽂章在选材上依然以社会科学为主，热点事件为主，如第⼆篇讲话讲述的⼀种新型出版⽅式——络出版。

另外笔者发现因为本世纪以来涉及络相关的话题的⽂章很多，如01年第⼆篇络可以解决信息分化的问题、03年的第⼀篇络间谍、04年的第⼀篇络找⼯作，所以考⽣应重点关注该领域的热*。

再次从⽂章结构上来看，和历年也⼏乎⼀样。

如第三篇⽂章讲述的是⾝⾼问题，作者就⽤了“由点到⾯”这⼀常见的写作⼿法。

⽽这种写作⼿法从本世纪来⼏乎年年都考，如01年第五篇讲述简单化⽣活的⽂章、03年第⼀篇讲述络间谍的⽂章、04年第三篇讲述美国经济减速的⽂章、05年第⼆篇讲述全球变暖的⽂章、06年PartB讲述赌博的⽂章、07年第⼀篇成功并⾮取决于天才。

最后由于我们所考的⽂章绝⼤部分选⾃西⽅的报刊杂志，⽽新闻记者惯⽤“引⽤”的⽅法。

因此我们的⽂中会出现⼤量的专家学者的观点，这就要去考⽣⼀定要读懂每个⼈的各⾃观点，这也经常是考点所在。

如今年第⼀篇⽂章的第⼆题“Dr. Yehudn''s research suggests that women”就是该类型的题⽬。

题型仍以细节事实题和推理判断题为主 在2005年之前，推理判断在每年的考试中出现3-4题，⾃2005年开始考研的阅读理解中⼤量增加了推理和判断题，05年考了8道，06年考了7题，07年考了7题。

这⼀现象持续⾄今。

以今年的考题为例，推理判断依然是考试重点，⼀共考察了8题（21，27，30，32，33，34，37，39）。

考研中另外⼀个重要的题型是细节事实题，因为考研的特点就是考察精读，，因此细节事实题历年都占据7-8题。

27.C 解析：从⽂章 本题的答案信息来源在⽂章的第⼆段。

第⼆段说到，互联使接触到科学结果成为⼀个现实。

OECD刚刚发布⼀个报告，描写了其深远的影响。

这份报告使到⽬前为⽌赢得不菲利润的很多出版商争相阅读(the report make heavy reading for publishers)。

第三段说到核⼼科学出版市场利润巨⼤，第四段说到，这种情况正在改变，也是在线出版可能让他们利润下滑，所以让他们有些不安，故答案为C。

28.A 解析：从⽂章结构看，⽂章第⼀段重点地介绍了传统的出版⽅式，这种⽅式使科学⼯作者只有订购了该科学杂志才可以获得科学的结果。

⽂章第⼆段介绍⼀种新型的出版⽅式——络出版，使得科技⼈员容易获得科学结果。

第三段谈到科学的价值和投资回报取决于杂志的发⾏量和易获得性。

第四段具体介绍了这⼀新趋势的主要出版模式。

从⽂章的中⼼是关于⼀种新的出版⽅式，以及它给科学杂志出版带来的影响——可以更⽅便的获得科学结果。

中⼼词含有access，反应中⼼的是解，可以确定答案为A。

29.A 解析：从⽂中“there is open-access publishing,typically supported by asking the author to pay for the paper to be publish”可知答案为A。

30.B 解析：正于28题分析的，本⽂中⼼介绍了⼀种出版新的趋势——络出版。

B正是这⼀观点的⾼度概括，故答案为B. Passage three 31. A ⽂中“…listed at over seven feet. If he had ….The bodies.. changed dramatically over the years”可以看出此段主要讲述NBA球员⾝⾼的变化；另外，从⽂章中⼼来看，可以排出B，C，D。

因此选A 32. C 从第三段“but as diet and health improved, children and adolescents have increased in height by…..”可以看出⽣活⽔平对于⾝体成长起着⾮常重要的作⽤；另外，A，B，D选项所涉及的genetic modification ,natural environment 和daily exercise ⽂中并没有提到； 33. B 题⼲中提到“most probably..”，通过排出法，可以确定B为选项。

2008考研英语text3解析一、文章大意：本文是一篇社论，主要讨论了高校学生因压力过大而产生心理问题的现象，并呼吁社会各界关注高校学生心理健康问题。

二、文章结构分析：1. 文章开篇通过举例引出高校学生心理问题的现象；2. 接着从学生心理健康问题的严重性和原因两个方面进行分析；3. 随后对社会应对学生心理问题的责任进行论述，提出了加强心理健康教育和社会关怀的建议；4. 最后指出心理健康问题的解决需要全社会的共同努力。

三、文章内容逐段分析1. 文章开篇引出高校学生心理问题的现象，用事例引起读者共鸣。

用事例：如“北大女生心理健康状况令人堪忧”引出高校学生心理问题；分析：引出学生心理问题现象，引发读者对学生心理问题的关注。

2. 从学生心理健康问题的严重性和原因两个方面进行分析。

严重性：如“37.7的学生存在心理问题”；分析：突出学生心理问题的普遍性和严重性，引起读者对学生心理健康问题的重视；原因：如“压力过大、人际关系复杂”；分析：指出学生心理问题的原因，增加读者对学生心理问题的了解。

3. 对社会应对学生心理问题的责任进行论述，提出了加强心理健康教育和社会关怀的建议。

加强心理健康教育：如“加强心理健康教育”；分析：提出解决学生心理问题的方法，引发读者对学生心理健康教育的重视；社会关怀：如“提高社会关怀度”；分析：呼吁社会各界对学生心理问题给予更多的关注，增强读者对学生心理问题的共鸣。

4. 最后指出心理健康问题的解决需要全社会的共同努力。

如“解决学生心理问题需要全社会的共同努力”；分析：指出解决学生心理问题需要全社会的共同努力，引发读者对解决学生心理问题的思考和行动。

四、文章总结本文通过对高校学生心理健康问题的现象、严重性和原因的分析，指出了社会应对学生心理问题的责任，并提出了加强心理健康教育和社会关怀的建议。

最后强调了解决学生心理问题需要全社会的共同努力。

文章结构清晰，逻辑严谨，语言简练，旨在呼吁社会各界关注高校学生心理健康问题，具有较强的说服力和感染力。

2008年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s） for each numbered blank and mark ［A］, [B], [C] or [D］ on ANSWER SHEET 1。

(10 points）The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name。

But Gregory Cochran is 1 to say it anyway. He is that 2 bird， a scientist who works independently3 any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not 4thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested。

5 he， however， might tremble at the6 of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only7 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others， but explains the process that has brought this about。