2017考研英语阅读理解模拟题(一)及答案：管理学类

2017考研英语理学类阅读理解模拟题及答案（一）Scientists have known since 1952 that DNA is the basic stuff of heredity. They've known its chemical structure since 1953. They know that human DNA acts like a biological computer program some 3 billion bits long that spells out the instructions for making proteins ， the basic building blocks of life.But everything the genetic engineers have accomplished during the past half-century is just a preamble to the work that Collins and Anderson and legions of colleagues are doing now. Collins leads the Human Genome Project ， a 15-year effort to draw the first detailed map of every nook and cranny and gene in human DNA. Anderson ， who pioneered the first successful human gene-therapy operations ， is leading the campaign to put information about DNA to use as quickly as possible in the treatment and prevention of human diseases.What they and other researchers are plotting is nothing less than a biomedical revolution. Like Silicon Valley pirates reverse-engineering a computer chip to steal a competitor's secrets ， genetic engineers are decoding life's molecular secrets and trying to use that knowledge to reverse the natural course of disease. DNA in their hands has become both a blueprint and a drug ， a pharmacological substance of extraordinary potency that can treat not just symptoms or the diseases that cause them but also the imperfections in DNA that make people susceptible to a disease. And that's just the beginning. For all the fevered work being done ， however ， science is still far away from the Brave New World vision of engineering a perfect human —or even a perfect tomato. Much more research is needed before genetherapy becomes commonplace ， and many diseases will take decades to conquer ， if they can be conquered at all.In the short run ， the most practical way to use the new technology will be in genetic screening. Doctors will be able to detect all sorts of flaws in DNA long before they can be fixed. In some cases the knowledge may lead to treatments that delay the onset of the disease or soften its effects. Someone with a genetic predisposition to heart disease ， for example ， could follow a low-fat diet. And if scientists determine that a vital protein is missing because the gene that was supposed to make it is defective ， they might be able to give the patient an artificial version of the protein. But in other instances ， almost nothing can be done to stop the ravages brought on by genetic mutations. (409 words)1. It can be inferred from the text that Collins and Anderson and legions of colleagues _____.[A] know that human DNA acts like a biological computer program[B] have found the basic building blocks of life[C] have accomplished some genetic discovery during the past half-century[D] are making a breakthrough in DNA2. Collins and Anderson are cited in the text to indicate all the following EXCEPT that ______.[A] time-consuming effort is needed to accomplish the detailed map of in human DNA[B] human gene-therapy operations may be applied to the patients[C] gene-therapy now is already generally used to the treatment and prevention of human diseases[D] information about DNA may be used in the treatment and prevention of human diseases3. The word “pirate ” (line 2， paragraph 3) means______.[A] one who robs at sea or plunders the land from the sea[B] one who makes use of or reproduces the work of another without authorization[C] to take (something) by piracy[D] to make use of or reproduce (another's work) without authorization4. We can draw a conclusion from the text that_____.[A] engineering a perfect human is not feasible for the time being[B] it‘s impossible for scientists to engineer a perfect tomato[C] many diseases will never be conquered by human beings[D] doctors will be able to cure all sorts of flaws in DNA in the long run5. The best title for the text may be ______.[A] DNA and Heredity[B] The Genetic Revolution[C] A Biomedical Revolution[D] How to Apply Genetic T echnology词汇注释stuff 物质preamble 开端nook and cranny 排列potency 力量susceptible 易受感染的predisposition 易患病的体质难句讲解1. They know that human DNA acts like a biological computer program some 3 billion bits long that spells out the instructions for making proteins ， the basic building blocks of life.[简析] 本句话的主干是“They know that …”。

2017年考研英语一阅读2017年考研英语一阅读理解真题及答案解析：Text 1Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.On a warm spring afternoon, the buzz of conversation in the staff room gives way to the quiet rustle of pages being turned. The staff members are all deep in the act of reading. Some are scanning the text with a critical eye, others are speed-reading, and a few are slowing down to consider every word. The scene is not taking place in a literacy program or a book group, but in a staff development day at a public high school in New York City.The staff development day is part of a growing movement to bring reading into the professional world. As libraries become less and less of a haven for self-study and more of a collaborative workspace, the practice of reading for work is fast becoming as essential as the practice of reading for pleasure. “When I started working, I thought:‘I don’t have time to read,’” says Librarian Nancy Pearl. “But when I realized how much I was missing, I made reading part of my work r outine.”For many professionals, the value of reading isn’t just about job performance. It’s about professional development and personal growth. “I read books that are outside my area—books that would never appear on my radar—and they often lead me to new ideas and directions,” says Dr. Jackie Jenkins-Scott, a former president of Bentley University. “Reading has been fundamental to my leadership development.”But the benefits of reading go well beyond personal growth. A recent study by researchers at the University of Texas at Austin found that employees who read for 30 minutes before work performed better at their jobs than those who didn’t read. “Reading has been shown to increase fluency,词汇理解，and knowledge retention,” says psychologist Pamela Rutledge. “It can also improve decision-making ability and creativity.”The key to making reading work in your professional life is to be intentional about it. Don’t read aimlessly, hoping that somehow the information will sink in. Set aside dedicated reading time and make sure you’re always learning something new. Also, consider making some professional reading resolutions, such as reading a book every two weeks or参加行业相关的会议 or joining professional organizations that have regular meetings. Finally, consider sharing what you read with your colleagues to foster more meaningful discussion within your organization.The value of professional reading is not about indulging in the latest industry trends or keeping up with the latest news; it’s about growing as a professional and making better decisions. As Nancy Pearl puts it, “Reading is not just about finding new information—it’s about finding better ways of doing things and understanding life better.” So, the next time you find yourself with some extra time on your hands, consider picking up a book instead of checking Facebook for the umpteenth time. Your career might just benefit from it.26. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The importance of reading in one’s professional life.B. The benefits of reading for personal growth.C. The decline of libraries as study places.D. The trend of holding reading groups in high schools.27. Why did the author mention the staff development day in New York City?A. To stress the importance of teamwork in libraries.B. To show the value of reading in a professional setting.C. To promote the idea of holding more literacy programs.D. To encourage more high schools to offer staff development courses.28. What does Dr. Jackie Jenkins-Scott say about reading?A. It helps her stay abreast of the latest developments in her field.B. It broadens her horizons and enhances her leadership skills.C. It enables her to easily obtain necessary information for her work.D. It makes her more creative and better equipped for challenges.29. What does Pamela Rutledge say about reading?A. It improves one’s cognitive abilities.B. It enhances one’s problem-solving skills.C. It boosts one’s creativity and innovationD. It helps one stay focused at work.30. What is the key to making read ing work in one’s professional life according to the passage?A. Reading more books written by famous authorsB. Reading books that are easy to understandC. Sticking to traditional ways of doing thingsD. Intending to learn something from reading。

2017年考研英语一真题及答案解析Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding "yes!"_____（1）helping you feel close and _____（2）to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a _____（3）of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you _____（4）getting sick this winter.In a recent study _____（5）over 400 healthy adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs_____（6）the participants' susceptibility to developing the common cold after being_____（7）to the virus. People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come_____（8）with a cold, and the researchers_____（9）that the stress-reducing effects of hugging _____（10）about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. _____（11）among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe_____（12）."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the _____（13）risk for colds that's usually _____（14）with stress," notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie, Hugging " is a marker of intimacy and help _____（15）the feeling that others are there to help_____（16）difficulty."Some experts_____（17）the stress-reducing, health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called "the bonding hormone"_____（18）it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mothers and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain, and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it _____（19）in the brain, where it _____（20）mood, behavior and physiology.1. A．BesidesB．UnlikeC．ThroughoutD．Despite2. A．equalB．restrictedC．connectedD．inferior3. A．viewB．hostC．lessonD．choice4. A．avoidB．forgetC．recallD．keep5. A．collectingB．affectingC．guidingD．involving6. A．onB．inC．atD．of7. A．devotedB．attractedC．lostD．exposed8. A．alongB．acrossC．downD．out9. A．imaginedB．deniedC．doubtedD．calculated10.A．servedB．restoredC．explainedD．required11.A．ThusB．StillC．RatherD．Even12.A．defeatsB．symptomsC．errorsD．tests13.A．highlightedB．increasedC．controlledD．minimized14.A．presentedB．equippedC．associatedD．compared15.A．assessB．generateC．moderateD．record16. A．in the name ofB．in the form ofC．in the face ofD．in the way of17.A．attributeB．commitC．transferD．return18.A．unlessB．becauseC．thoughD．until19.A．remainsB．emergesC．vanishesD．decreases20.A．experiencesB．combinesC．justifiesD．influences1A．BesidesB．UnlikeC．ThroughoutD．Despite【答案】A【解析】根据本句句内逻辑关系，“it turns out that hugs…”说明拥抱还有其他结果。

2017年考研英语（一）阅读真题及答案解析2017年考研英语考试已经结束!店铺考研网在考后第一时间为大家提供2017年考研英语(一)阅读真题及答案解析，更多考研资讯请关注我们网站的更新!2017年考研英语(一)阅读真题及答案解析英语(一)阅读最后一篇文章有一点升华了，有一点小高潮，谈最高法院，在视频当中反复强调过，一定关注今年考试，一定会关注的重点话题，第三篇文章谈经济，第四篇谈法律题材。

不能仅仅背几个单词，一定要关注这些词、这些概念背后背景，以及词和词之间、概念和概念连接。

美国最高法院，想到谁了，历史惊人相似，2013年第四篇文章，我们最高法庭驳回了奥巴马政府，用一模一样的内容。

他说最高法庭推翻了对于这个人的受贿指控。

但是后面考了一个句子题，下划线句子怎么样，类似2004年这个人再也没有咬他的指甲，当时经济低迷咬指甲显示出他精神紧张。

后面出现了一个but，前面大方向是积极向上的。

这道题同样如此。

我们第一句话说我们驳回了，推翻了有罪，受贿判决。

后面说但是，大方向是向下的。

这道题选择的是对于这个人行为本身，感到了非常的可耻。

令人感到鄙视。

其他选项再比较选项的时候，干扰选项你明白考研命题思路，可以帮你更快更准更高效抓住正确答案。

第二题是细节题，到第四段怎么样，问你的是一个条件，只要什么样情况下我们才认为受贿罪是成立的呢。

其中A选项，给你送礼物的人那里得到非常具体的实在的回报。

这是我们的答案。

对原文做了同义改写。

第三题是目前我们整个法庭宣判，是基于什么样的假设。

我们公共部门的官员们，应该干吗?也是一道细节题。

这是我们说了解美国选举体制，我之所以给你投票唯一原因是干吗?上任以后带来我的好处。

这是非常合理的。

你和我们中国的一些传统文化当中一定有相冲突的地方，我们觉得做公务员干吗叫大公无私。

美国环境里不是这样的。

选民之所以选你因为你能够给我们带来好处。

他认为处理、满足我们的背后这些支持人的需求是理所当然的，是正当的。

2017年考研英语一阅读真题及答案解析2017年考研英语考试已经结束!店铺考研网在考后第一时间为大家提供2017年考研英语一阅读真题及答案解析，更多考研资讯请关注我们网站的更新!2017年考研英语一阅读真题及答案解析大家也做了题，也发现今年题目并没有传说中那么难，四篇阅读理解前面三篇中等，不是很难。

第四篇和法律有关的文章大家觉得有点难度。

我今年也去考试了，这就是我的证据。

但是我的反面抄了一些答案，当然有些监考不让抄答案，我很潦草地抄了一些，想看它的难度和我们平常所学的能否挂钩。

前三篇不难，第四篇难度和法律相关，有点像2013年的地四篇文章。

其实这篇文章我刚才查了一下原版出处是CNN里的，推翻了弗吉尼亚前州长贪污罪，他是无辜的。

都是英国美国文章居多。

美国有三篇文章。

第一篇是美国机场安检特别浪费时间。

今年特点是有七八个自然段，不是往年一样四五个自然段。

第一道题，这是一个力争题，往年考题也这么说，通过所谓关键词定位方法无效，一定要把握主要内容是讲什么。

这是讲我们目前为什么有必要进行严格的安全检查。

因为埃及航空公司受到了恐怖袭击，在地中海上空受到恐怖主义袭击。

所以现在要严格安检。

这道词选解释作用。

第二题是上面哪个能够解释为什么美国机场排队队伍很长很长。

这道题文章里给了好几个解释。

第一个原因是因为我们现在经济比较好，机票比较便宜，所以很多人愿意排队。

大家都愿意坐飞机，不愿意开车、不愿意坐火车。

导致排队队伍很长。

第二个原因是有些人要打包，第三段里说的，包裹需要检查，有些人打了好多包，为了逃避托运费。

导致排队比较长。

还有一个这里所说的安检效率降低。

但是我们按照前面的最重要的原因，还是因为美国政府没有注意到现在出行坐飞机的人增多了，导致速度减慢。

这是我们飞机出行人员增加。

23题是猜词题，我们不管上基础课、强化课还是单向课，有我的模糊阅读班，猜词题不能相信所谓构词法，按照EX这个单词是出去的意思。

这里EX给人错觉是出去的意思，但是根据上下文是希望安检越快越好。

2017考研英语一真题答案及其解析1. A 介词辨析。

从前后文意思来看，此处为递进关系，前后都表示拥抱的益处，Besides符合题意。

因此答案为A项。

2. C考查词汇意思和并列关系。

此处的词汇应该与close意思相近。

拥抱使人与人亲近，当然也让人联系紧密。

Connected有联系的，符合题意。

因此答案为C项。

3. B 固定搭配。

a host of 意为许多。

拥抱能带来很多健康好处。

符合题意。

因此答案为B选项。

4. A根据句子意思，拥抱能让人避免冬天生病。

其他几个词汇均不符合题意。

因此答案为A选项。

5. D动词辨析。

该句的意思是这项研究包含了400名健康的成年人。

D选项involve具有包含的意思。

collect意为收集，affect意为影响,guide意为指导，均不符合题意。

因此答案为D选项。

6. A固定搭配。

去掉修饰成分，可以看到句子主干为researchers examined the effects of hugs__the participants' susceptibility.对参与者敏感性的影响。

effect on sth.对…的影响。

因此答案为A选项。

7. D动词辨析。

be exposed to 遭受；暴露于，be devoted to 致力于，be attracted to 被吸引，be lost to 不再属于…；无动于衷。

be exposed to 符合题意。

因此答案为D选项。

8. C固定搭配。

Come down with 生病come along with 随同，一起come across with 偿付come out with 发布，展出。

只有come down with a cold感冒，符合题意。

因此答案为C选项。

9. D考查动词。

根据后文32%这一数据可以推测出此处的动词意为计算calculate。

imagine想象，deny否认，doubt怀疑都不符合原文意思。

2017考研英语阅读理解模拟题（五）及答案：管理学类The main idea of these business schools is appealing.In a world where companies must adapt to new technologies and source of competition ，it is much harder than it used to be to offer good employees job security and an opportunity to climb the corporate ladder.Yet it is also more necessary than ever for employees to invest in better skills and sparkle with bright ideas.How can firms get the most out of people if they can no longer offer them protection and promotion?Many bosses would love to have an answer.SumantraGhoshal of the LondonBusiness School and Christopher Bartlett of the Harvard Business School think they have one ：“Employability”。

If managers offer the right kinds of training and guidance ，and change their attitude towards their underlings ，they will be able to reassure their employees that they will always have the skills and experience to find a good job —even if it is with a different company.Unfortunately ，they promise more than they deliver.Their thoughts on what an ideal organization should achieve are hard to quarrel with ：encourage people to be creative ，make sure the gains from creativity are shared with the pains of thebusiness that can make the most of them ，keep the organization from getting stale and so forth.The real disappointment comes when they attempt to show how firms might actually create such an environment.At its nub is the notion that companiescan attain their elusive goals by changing their implicit contract with individual workers ，and treating them as a source of value rather than a cog in a machine. The authors offer a few inspiring examples of companies ——they includeMotorola ， 3M and ABB —that have managed to go some way towards creating such organizations.But they offer little useful guidance on how to go about it ，and leave the biggest questions unanswered.How do you continuously train people ，without diverting them from their everyday job of making the business more profitable? How do you train people to be successful elsewhere while stillencouraging them to make big commitments to your own firm? How do you get your newly liberated employees to spend their time on ideas that create value ，and not simply on those they enjoy? Most of their answers are platitudinous ，and when they are not they are unconvincing.1. We can infer from the passage that in the past an employee____.[A]had job security and opportunity of promotion[B]had to compete with each other to keep his job[C]had to undergo training all the time[D]had no difficulty climbing the corporate ladder2. According to Christopher Bartlett what will improve“employability”?[A] Ability to lay out one‘s talents to employers.[B]Skills and knowledge accumulated from school education.[C] Training opportunity and guidance offered by company.[D]Being creative and ready to share collective wisdom.3. What does the writer of this passage think of the ideas of Ghoshal and Bartlett?[A] Very instructive.[B] Very inspiring.[C] Hard to implement.[D] Quite harsh.4. In their work ，Ghoshal and Bartlett discuss____.[A]changes in business organizations[B]contracts between employers and employees[C]employment situation[D]management ideas5.This passage seems to be a(n)____ .[A]book review[B]advertisement[C]news report[D]research paper核心词汇appealing adj.吸引人的sparkle v.(使)闪耀reassure vt.使恢复信心stale adj.陈腐的implicit adj.暗示的。

2017考研英语一阅读答案答案：21-25 ACDDC21. 答案【A】explain American’s tolerance of current security checks.解析：本题目为例证题，考察论点与论据。

根据题干关键词the crash of Egypt Air Flight 804定位到第二段第二句。

例证题中的例子为论据，所要找的答案为论点，而论点在论据之前，因此该题目的答案是第二段的第一句话。

二段首句说的是美国人愿意忍受长时间的安全检查。

正确答案A的American’s tolerance是原文Americans are willing to tolerate的原词复现，current security checks是原文的time-consuming security 的同义转化。

干扰项B的urgency to strengthen security worldwide，原文未提及worldwide，属于扩大范围;选项C的major U.S. major airports属于具体信息的干扰;选项D的privacy 隐私并未提及，是常识性干扰。

22. 答案【C】An increase in the number of travelers.解析：本题目为原因细节题。

根据题干中的long waits at major airports定位到原文第三段的第二句，原文的resulted in 与题干中的contributed to是同义转化，所以定位内容就是提升的安全措施以及航空旅游的增加。

正确答案C的an increase in the number of travelers 是原文a rise in airline travel的同义替换。

干扰项A的carry-on bags是在第四段的最后一句出现的，非定位句内容;选项B的TSA efficiency也出现在第四段;选项D的unexpected secret checks未提及。

2017年考研英语一试题及答案解析Section ⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding "yes!"_____（1）helping you feel close and _____（2）to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a _____（3）of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you _____（4）getting sick this winter.In a recent study _____（5）over 400 healthy adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs_____（6）the participants' susceptibility to developing the common cold after being_____（7）to the virus. People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come_____（8）with a cold, and the researchers_____（9）that the stress-reducing effects of hugging _____（10）about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. _____（11）among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe_____（12）."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the _____（13）risk for colds that's usually _____（14）with stress," notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie, Hugging " is a marker of intimacy and help _____（15）the feeling that others are there to help_____（16）difficulty."Some experts_____（17）the stress-reducing, health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called "the bonding hormone"_____（18）it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mothers and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain, and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it _____（19）in the brain, where it _____（20）mood, behavior and physiology.1. A．Besides B．Unlike C．Throughout D．Despite2. A．equal B．restricted C．connected D．inferior3. A．view B．host C．lesson D．choice4. A．avoid B．forget C．recall D．keep5. A．collecting B．affecting C．guiding D．involving6. A．on B．in C．at D．of7. A．devoted B．attracted C．lost D．exposed8. A．along B．across C．down D．out9. A．imagined B．denied C．doubted D．calculated10.A．served B．restored C．explained D．required11.A．Thus B．Still C．Rather D．Even12.A．defeats B．symptoms C．errorsD．tests13.A．highlighted B．increased C．controlled D．minimized14.A．presented B．equipped C．associated D．compared15.A．assess B．generate C．moderate D．record16. A．in the name of B．in the form of C．in the face of D．in the way of17.A．attribute B．commit C．transfer D．return18.A．unless B．because C．though D．until19.A．remains B．emerges C．vanishes D．decreases20.A．experiences B．combines C．justifies D．influencesSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1First two hours, now three hours —this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security protocols in return for increased safety. The crash of EgyptAir Flight 804, which terrorists may have downedover the Mediterranean Sea, provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding toomuch of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public supportfor the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.Last year, the Transportation Security Administration(TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons — both fake and real — past airport security nearly every time they tried. Enhanced security measures since then, combinedwith a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices, have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicago's O'Hare International. It is notyet clear how much more effective airline security has become —but the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel, so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, thoughthe airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to bea win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travelers whoare higher risk, saving time for everyone involved. TSA wants to enroll 25 million peoplein PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock: Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreCheck's fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.21.The crash of EgyptAir Flight 804 is mentioned to[A] explain American’s tolerance of current security checks.[B] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.[C] highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S. airports.[D] emphasize the importance of privacy protection.22.Which of the following contributes to long waits at major airports?[A] New restrictions on carry-on bags.[B] The declining efficiency of the TSA.[C] An increase in the number of travellers.[D] Frequent unexpected secret checks.23.The word “expedited” (Liner 4, Para. 5) is closet in meaning to[A] quieter.[B] cheaper.[C] wider.[D] faster.24. One problem with the PreCheck program is[A] a dramatic reduction of its scale.[B] its wrongly-directed implementation.[C] the government’s reluctance to back it.[D] an unreasonable price for enrollment.25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Less Screening for More Safety[B] PreCheck – a Belated Solution[C] Getting Stuck in Security Lines[D] Underused PreCheck LanesText 2“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,” wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaii's last reigning monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today. Protests haveerupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT), a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos.At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko, that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the world's most powerful telescopes. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our planet's dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new. A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environmentalists have long viewed their presence as disrespect far sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation. Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is not the only way of understanding the world. They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea's fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the islands' inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past；it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization. The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii's shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going. Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope’s visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact. To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state. There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.26. Queen Liliuokalani’s remark in Paragraph 1 indicates[A] her conservative view on the historical role of astronomy.[B] the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.[C]the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.[D] her appreciation of star watchers’ feats in her time.27. Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to[A] its geographical features.[B] its protective surroundings.[C] its religious implications.[D] its existing infrastructure.28. The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because[A] it may risk ruining their intellectual life.[B] it reminds them of a humiliating history.[C] their culture will lose a chance of revival.[D] they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.29. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in today’s astronomy[A] is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.[B] helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.[C] may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.[D] will eventually soften Hawaiians’ hostility.30. The author’s attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of[A] severe criticism.[B] passive acceptance.[C] slight hesitancy.[D] full approval.Text 3Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country's GDP measures “everything except that which makes life worthwhile.” With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed concept. It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent measures, the UK’s GDP has been the envy of the Western world, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country’s economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges, there are a number of consistent themes. Yes, there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash, but in key indicators in areas such as health and education, major economies have continued to decline. Ye t this isn’t the case with all countries. Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society, income equality and environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn: When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country’s success, the world looks very different.So what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longerenough. It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes – all things that contribute to a person's sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth. But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.31. Robert F. Kennedy is cited because he[A]praised the UK for its GDP.[B]identified GDP with happiness.[C]misinterpreted the role of GDP.[D]had a low opinion of GDP.32. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that[A]the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern.[B]the UK will contribute less to the world economy.[C]GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK.[D]policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP.33. Which of the following is true about the recent annual study?[A]It excludes GDP as an indicator.[B]It is sponsored by 163 countries.[C]Its criteria are questionable.[D]Its results are enlightening.34. In the last two paragraphs, the author suggests that[A]the UK is preparing for an economic boom.[B]high GDP foreshadows an economic decline.[C]it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP.[D]it requires caution to handle economic issues.35. Which of the following is the best for the text?[A]High GDP But Inadequate Well-being, a UK lesson[B]GDP figures, a Window on Global Economic Health[C] Robert F. Kennedy, a Terminator of GDP[D]Brexit, the UK’s Gateway to Well-beingText 4In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell. But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari Automobile from a company seeking access to government.The high court’s decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell’s trail failed to tell a j ury thatit must look only at his “official acts,” or the former governor’s decisions on “specific” and “unsettled” issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials, is not corruption, the justices found.The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is “distasteful” and “nasty.” But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting, making a phone call, or hosting an event is not an “official act.”The court’s ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution of bribery. “The basic compact underlying representative government,” wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court, “assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their conc erns.”But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives, not the courts, to ensure equality of access to government. Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift. This type of integrity requires will-enforced laws in government transparency, such as records of official meetings, rules on lobbying, and information about each elected leader’s source of wealth.Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption. But it is not always corruption. Rather officials must avoid double standards, or different types of access for average people and the wealthy. If connections can be bought, a basic premise of democratic society – that all are equal in treatment by government- is undermined. Good government rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.The court’s ruling is a step forward in the struggle agains t both corruption and official favoritism.36. The underlined sentence(Para.1) most probably shows that the court[A] avoided defining the extent of McDonnell’s duties.[B] made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.[C] was contemptuous of McDonnell’s co nduct.[D] refused to comment on McDonnell’s ethics.37. According to Paragraph 4, an official act is deemed corruptive only if it involves[A] concrete returns for gift-givers.[B] sizable gains in the form of gifts.[C] leaking secrets intentionally.[D] breaking contracts officially.38. The court’s ruling is d on the assumption that public officials are[A] allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.[B] qualified to deal independently with bureaucratic issues.[C] justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.[D] exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.39. Well-enforced laws in government transparency are needed to[A] awaken the conscience of officials.[B] guarantee fair play in official access.[C] allow for certain kinds of lobbying.[D] inspire hopes in average people.40. The author’s attitude toward the court’s ruling is[A] sarcastic.[B] tolerant.[C] skeptical.[D] supportive.Part BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G and filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs B andD have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on theANSWER SHEET.（10 points）[A] The first published sketch, "A Dinner at Polar Walk" brought tears to Dickens's eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine From then on his sketches, which appeared under the pen name "Boz" inThe Evening Chronicle, earned him a modest reputation.[B] The runaway success of The Pickwick Papers, as it is generally known today, secured Dickens's fame. There were Pickwick coats and Pickwick cigars, and the plump, spectacled hero, Samuel Pickwick, because a national figure.[C] Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared, a publishing firm approached Dickens to write a story in monthly installments, as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the then-famous artist Robert Seymour, who had originated the idea for the story. With characteristic confidence, Dickens successfully insisted that Seymour's pictures illustrate his own story instead. After the first installment, Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct a drawing Dickens felt, was not faithful enough to his prose. Seymour made the change, went into his backyard, and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide. Dickens and his publishers simply pressed on with a new artist. The comic novel, The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, appeared serially in 1836 and 1837 and was first published in book form in 1837.[D] Charles Dickens is probably the best-known and, to many people, the greatest English novelist of the 19th century. A moralist, satirist, and social reformer, Dickens crafted complex plots and striking characters that capture the panorama of English society.[E]Soon after his father's release from prison, Dickens got a better job as errand boy in law offices. He taught himself shorthand to get an even better job later as a court stenographer and as a reporter in Parliament. At the same time, Dickens, who had a reporter's eye for transcribing the life around him, especially anything comic or odd, submitted short sketches to obscure magazines.[F] Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England's southern coast. His father was a clerk in the British Navy Pay office -- a respectable position, but with little social status. His paternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper, possessed even less status, having been servants, and Dickenslaterconcealedtheirbackground.Dicken's mother supposedly came from a more respectable family. Yet two years before Dicken's birth, his mother's father was caught stealing and fled to Europe, never to return. The family's increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren's Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, where the other working boys mocked him as "the young gentleman." His father was then imprisoned for debt. The humiliations of his father's imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dickens's greatest wound and became his deepest secret.He could not confide them even to his wife, although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.[G] After Pickwick, Dickens plunged into a bleaker world. InOliver Twist, he traces an orphan's progress from theworkhouse to the criminal slums of London. NicholasNickleby, his next novel, combines the darkness of Oliver Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick. The popularity of thesenovels consolidated Dickens' as a nationally and internationally celebrated man of letters.Section III TranslationDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The growth of the use of English as the world`s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades.(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol(47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside that,(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but Britishschoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish ,Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.UK in invisible exports and our other education related explores earn up to &10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdown in the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage.The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant:(50) It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.Section ⅣWriting51 directionsYou are to write an email to James Cook, a newly-arrived Australia professor, recommending some tourist attraction in your city. Please give reasons for your recommendation.You should write neatly on the answer sheet.Do not sign your own name at the end of the email. Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address。

2017年英语一真题(阅读理解部分) In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell. But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari automobile from a company seeking access to government.The high court's decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell's trial failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his "official acts," or the former governor's decisions on "specific" and "unsettled" issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials, is not corruption, the justices found.The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is "distasteful" and "nasty." But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting, making a phone call, or hosting an event is not an "official act".The court's ruling is legally sound in defining a kindof favoritism that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution for bribery." The basic compact underlying representative government," wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court," assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns."But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives, not the courts, to ensure equality of access to government. Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift. This type of integrity requires well-enforced laws in government transparency, such as records of official meetings, rules on lobbying, and information about each elected leader's source of wealth.Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption. But it is not always corruption. Rather officials must avoid double standards, or different types of access for average people and the wealthy. If connections can be bought, a basic premise of democratic society-that all are equal in treatment by government-is undermined. Good governance rests on an understanding of the inherent worthof each individual.The court's ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and official favoritism.36. The undermined sentence (Para.1) most probably shows that the court________________.[A] avoided defining the extent of McDonnell's duties.[B] made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.[C] was contemptuous of McDonnell's conduct.[D] refused to comment on McDonnell's ethics.【答案】[C] was contemptuous of McDonnell's conduct.37. According to Paragraph 4, an official act is deemed corruptive only if it involves___________.[A] leaking secrets intentionally.[B] sizable gains in the form of gifts.[C] concrete returns for gift-givers.[D] breaking contracts officially.【答案】[C] concrete returns for gift-givers.38. The court's ruling is based on the assumption that public officials are___________.[A] justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.[B] qualified to deal independently with bureaucraticissues.[C] allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.[D] exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.【答案】[A] justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.39. Well-enforced laws in government transparency are needed to________________________.[A] awaken the conscience of officials.[B] guarantee fair play in official access.[C] allow for certain kinds of lobbying.[D] inspire hopes in average people.【答案】[B] guarantee fair play in official access.40. The author's attitude toward the court's ruling is___________.[A] sarcastic.[B] tolerant.[C] skeptical.[D] supportive【答案】[D] supportive。

引导语：为了帮助⼤家更好地准备考研，以下是百分⽹店铺为⼤家整理的2017考研英语⼀阅读真题及答案，欢迎阅读! Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points) Text 1 First two hours , now three hours—this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight , at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines. Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea ,provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans’ economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating. Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons---both fake and real—past airport security nearly every time they tried .Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving Chicago’s O’Hare International .It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become—but the lines are obvious. Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel , so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this. There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck. It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock. Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreCheck’s fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways. The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work. 21. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to______. [A] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide [B] explain American’s tolerance of current security checks [C] highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S. Airports [D] emphasize the importance of privacy protection 【答案】B 【解析】答案为B。

2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题答案详解Section I Use of English1、【答案】[B] Besides【解析】此处考察上下文的逻辑关系。

上文改写俗语，大意为拥抱可以使医生远离我们，即不得病，为积极含义，空后大意为：_______使你感觉与别人亲近并_______，所以也是积极含义，并同为拥抱的好处，因此选择B选项besides除了……之外还有……，A选项unlike不同于与D选项despite尽管，均为转接，故排除，C选项throughout贯穿，语义不通顺，故答案为[B] Besides。

2、【答案】[C] connected【解析】此处考察近义词复现，该空前有and，说明所填词汇应与close(亲近的)形成同义复现关系，并且所选词汇应搭配介词to，因此答案为C选项connected 有关联的。

A选项equal平等的，B选项restricted限制的，D选项inferior低劣的，虽然都可以搭配to，但不能和close同义复现，故答案为[C] connected。

3、【答案】[A] host【解析】此处考察词义辨析。

该从句含义为：拥抱可以给你的身心健康带来_____好处。

A host of为固定搭配，表示许多的，大量的，在此处语义和搭配均吻合，所以为正确答案。

View观点，视野，lesson教训，choice选择，放在此处语义不通。

4、【答案】[C] avoid【解析】此处考察词义辨析。

该句含义为：温暖的拥抱在冬天可以帮助你______生病。

根据语义，不难确定此处需要“避免”“防止”的词，并且后面搭配动名词，故答案为C选项avoid避免。

Recall使回想，召集，forget忘记，keep (doing)一直做，均不吻合句义。

5、【答案】[D] involving【解析】此处考察词义辨析。

该句含义为：在一项______四百多健康成年人的研究中，研究者观察到……Collecting收集，一般不接人做宾语;affecting影响，guiding引导，均不符合科学研究类文章语境。

2016年考研英语一真题阅读理解及答案解析完整版SectionⅡReading ComprehensionPart AText1France,which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion,has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women.Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.The parliament also agreed to ban websites that“incite excessive thinness”by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives.They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health.That’s a start.And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death-as some have done.It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women,especially teenage girls,about the socialtape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans,if fully enforced,would suggest to women(and many men)that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly,they hint that people should look tointangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.The French measures,however,rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep—and bone-showing.Under the law,using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a$85,000fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types.In Denmark,the United States,and a few other countries,it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions,Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health,and other characteristics of models.The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states:“We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals,especially on young people.’The charter’s main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion Week,which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute.But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step.Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21.According to the first paragraph,what would happen in France?[A]Physical beauty would be redefined.[B]New runways would be constructed.[C]Websites about dieting would thrive.[D]The fashion industry would decline.【答案】[A]Physical beauty would be redefined【解析】推断题。

2017考研英语阅读理解模拟题（二）及答案：管理学类At the end of last week ， Bodega Aurrerá， a Mexican subsidiary of the world's biggest retailer ， Wal-Mart ， opened a new store in the village of San JuanTeotihuacán， just north of Mexico City. Normally ， such an event would cause little stir. Wal-Mart is already Mexico's biggest retailer too. And its shops seem to go down very well with its millions of bargain-hungry customers. But this particular opening was ， in fact ， the culmination of months of protests ， legal actions ， hunger strikes and hyperbole by those determined to stop it.The reason is the location. Just 2.5km (1.6 miles) away is the ancient city ofTeotihuacán， probably Mexico's most famous archaeological site. Amongst other attractions ， it boasts the third-largest (by volume) pyramid in the world. For many Mexicans ， the ancient site ， abandoned by its mysterious inhabitants centuries before the Spanish conquerors arrived ， remains the ultimate symbol of Mexican identity and nationhood. Thousands troop up to the top of the Pyramid of the Sun to celebrate the summer solstice.To them ， the idea of having a Wal-Mart next door is abhorrent. In the words of HomeroAridjis ， a writer and one of the leading opponents ， “it is like driving the stake of globalisation into the heart of old Mexico.” The controversy is only the latest in a string of protesters' attempts to save Mexican culture from what they see as a creeping menace. They won a famous victory by blocking a McDonaldsrestaurant from opening in the main square of the pretty southern colonial town of Oaxaca.But this time they were on much thinner ground. For a start ， Wal-Mart went through all the appropriate regulatory hoops ， even getting permission from the Paris-based International Council on Monuments and Sites ， which judged that the store would cause no harm to the nearby ruins. A small stone platform was indeed found during construction of the new car park ， but was preserved.Just as importantly ， the claim that the new store spoils the famous view from the top of the Pyramid of the Sun is clearly bogus ， as anyone who cares to get to the top can testify. The problem is not so much that you can see the Wal-Mart ， but one of trying to distinguish it from the 30-odd other ugly ， squat buildings that litter the surrounding countryside ——to say nothing of the car parks ， theelectricity pylons and the large power station. Sadly ， unrestricted building long ago ruined this particular view ， as well as many others in Mexico.To the diehards ， the issue counts more than the view. But neither mattered much to the hundreds of locals who queued up for the opening ， delighted to be freed of the small and expensive local shops. Despite a legal case pending against Wal-Mart and local officials ， brought by an irate local left-wing politician ， this is one battle that the American retailer has probably won.1. Why the opening of Wal-Mart caused stir?[A]Wal-Mart would have severe competition with the local stores.[B]War-Mart would provide them with a larger choice and more benefits.[C]It was said to have ruined the scene of the ancient site.[D]There shouldn‘t be a store near the ancient site.2. From Paragraph 2 we can infer that _________.[A]the ancient city means a lot to the Mexicans[B]a store will be too noisy for the ancient city[C]the ancient city is very mysterious[D]the pyramid is a good place for holding big ceremony3. According to Wal-Mart ， it has a good reason to build store there because _______.[A]it proves no harm to the nearby ruins[B]the scene of the ancient sites has been damaged[C]customers want to buy some cheap products[D]it has been widely accepted by the customers there.4. It can be learned from Paragraph 5 that _________.[A]the famous view is not as good as it used to be[B]the city lacks planning in building[C]the ancient site is littered with ugly buildings[D]Wal-Mart shouldn‘t be fully responsible for the ruined view.5. Toward the fate of Wal-Mart ， the writer‘s attitude can be said to be _________.[A]objective[B]optimistic[C]pessimistic[D]biased答案：CADDB注(1)：本文选自Economist; 11/13/2004， p42;注(2)：本文习题命题模仿对象2001年真题Text 4(其中因2001年真题Text 4只有四个题目，所以本文第4题模仿参照对象为2003年Text 1的第四题)。

Section I Use of English1Directions:2Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered 3blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)4Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding 5“yes!” 1 helping you feel close and 2 to people you care about, it turns 6out that hugs can bring a 3 of health benefits to your body and mind. 7Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you 4 getting sick this 8winter.9In a recent study 5 over 400 health adults, researchers from Carnegie 10Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived 11social support and the receipt of hugs 6 the participants’12susceptibility to developing the common cold after being 7 to the13virus .People who perceived greater social support were less likely to 14come 8 with a cold ,and the researchers 9 that the stress-reducing effects 15of hugging 10 about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. 11 among those 16who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received 17more frequent hugs had less severe 12 .18“Hugging protects people who are under stress from the 13 risk for 19colds that’s usually 14 with stress,” notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor 20of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging “is a marker of intimacy and helps 2115 the feelin g that others are there to help 16 difficulty.”22Some experts 17 the stress-reducing , health-related benefits of 23hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called “the bonding hormone”2418 it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mother 25and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower 26part of the brain , and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But 27some of it 19 in the brain, where it 20 mood, behavior and physiology.281．[A] Unlike [B] Besides [C] Despite [D] Throughout292．[A] connected [B] restricted [C] equal [D] inferior303．[A] choice [B] view [C] lesson [D] host314．[A] recall [B] forget [C] avoid [D] keep325．[A] collecting [B] involving [C] guiding [D] affecting336．[A] of [B] in [C] at [D] on347．[A] devoted [B] exposed [C] lost [D] attracted358．[A] across [B] along [C] down [D] out369．[A] calculated [B] denied [C] doubted [D] imagined3710．[A] served [B] required [C] restored [D] explained3811．[A] Even [B] Still [C] Rather [D] Thus3912．[A] defeats [B] symptoms [C] tests [D] errors4013．[A] minimized [B] highlighted [C] controlled [D] increased4114．[A] equipped [B] associated [C] presented [D] compared4215．[A] assess [B] moderate [C] generate [D] record4316．[A] in the face of [B] in the form of [C] in the way of [D] in 44the name of4517．[A] transfer [B] commit [C] attribute [D] return4618．[A] because [B] unless [C] though [D] until4719．[A] emerges [B] vanishes [C] remains [D] decreases4820．[A] experiences [B] combines [C] justifies [D]influences \4950Section II Reading Comprehension51Part A52Directions:53Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text 54by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points) 55Text 156First two hours , now three hours—this is how far in advance57authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight , 58at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security 59lines.60Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures 61in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which 62terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea ,provides another 63tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or64providing too little security in return undermines public support for 65the process. And it sho uld: Wasted time is a drag on Americans’ economic 66and private lives, not to mention infuriating.67Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found 68in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak69weapons---both fake and real—past airport security nearly every time 70they tried .Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise 71in airline travel due to the improving Chicago’s O’Hare72International .It is not yet clear how much more effective airline73security has become—but the lines are obvious.74Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep 75increase in airline travel , so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners 76on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room 77for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying 78to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though 79the airlines strongly dispute this.80There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling 81airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program.82PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers 83who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes.84This allows the TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.85It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker 86shock. Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their87background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been88PreCheck’s fatal flaw. Upcoming ref orms might bring the price to a more 89reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by 90helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.91The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck 92lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines.93It is long past time to make the program work.9421. According to Paragraph 1, Parkrun has_____.95[A] gained great popularity96[B] created many jobs97[C]strengthened community ties98[D] become an official festival9922. The author believes that London’s Olympic “legacy” has failed 100to _____.101[A] boost population growth102[B] promote sport participation103[C]improve the city’s image104[D] increase sport hours in schools10523. Parkrun is different form Olympic games in that it ____.106[A] aims at discovering talents107[B] focuses on mass competition108[C] does not emphasize elitism109[D] does not attract first-timers11024. With regard to mass sports, the author holds that governments 111should______.112[A] organize “grassroots” sports events113[B] supervise local sports associations114[C] increase funds for sports clubs115[D] invest in pubic sports facilities11625. The author’s attitude to what UK governments have to done for 117sports is _____.118[A]tolerant119[B] critical120[C]uncertain121[D]sympathetic122Text 2123“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,” wrote Queen Liliuokalani, 124Hawaii’s last reigning monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the 125most esteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with 126astronomy in Hawaii today. Protests have erupted over construction of 127the Thirty Meter Telescope(TMT), a giant observatory that promises to 128revolutionize humanity’s view of the cosmos.129At issue is the TMT’s planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant 130volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko , that connects the 131Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But Mauna Kea is also home to some of 132the world’s most powerful telescopes. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna 133Kea’s peak rises above the bulk of our planet’s dense atmos phere, where 134conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity. 135Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new. A small but 136vocal group of Hawaiians and environments have long viewed their presence 137as disrespect for sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation 138of what was once a sovereign nation.139Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In 140their eagerness to build bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is 141the only way of understanding the world. They did not always prioritize 142the protection of Mauna Kea’s fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the 143island’s inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past; it 144is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.145Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to 146the dawn of civilization. The same curiosity to find what lies beyond 147the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii’s shores 148inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls to disassemble 149all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore 150the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big 151questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going. 152Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as if answering a primal 153calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.154The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of 155Mauna Kea. The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope’s visibility 156around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact. 157To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, old ones will be removed 158at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state. 159There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace 160their cultural heritage and to study the stars.16126. Queen Liliuokalani’s remark in Paragraph 1 indicates162[A] its conservative view on the historical role of astronomy. 163[B] the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.164[C] the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.165[D] her appreciation of star watchers’ feats in her time.16627. Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to167[A] its geographical features168[B] its protective surroundings.169[C] its religious implications.170[D] its existing infrastructure.17128. The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly 172because173[A] it may risk ruining their intellectual life.174[B] it reminds them of a humiliating history.175[C] their culture will lose a chance of revival.176[D] they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.17729. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in today’s 178astronomy179[A] is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.180[B] helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.181[C] may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.182[D] will eventually soften Hawaiians’ hostility.18330. The author’s attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site 184is one of185[A] severe criticism.186[B] passive acceptance.187[C] slight hesitancy.188[D] full approval.189Text 3190Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country’s GDP measures191“everything except that which makes life worthwhile.” With Britain 192voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow 193as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring 194to.195The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for 196over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed concept. It measures 197things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent 198measures, the UK’s GDP has been the envy o f the Western world, with record 199low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, 200then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings 201about what it could do to their country’s economic prospects?202A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth 203into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163204countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring 205that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its 206citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of 207criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been 208measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing. 209While all of these countries face their own challenges , there are 210a number of consistent themes . Yes , there has been a budding economic 211recovery since the 2008 global crash , but in key indicators in areas 212such as health and education , major economies have continued to decline . 213Yet this isn’t the case with all countries . Some relatively poor 214European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including 215civil society , income equality and the environment.216This is a lesson that rich countries can learn : When GDP is no longer 217regarded as the sole measure of a country’s success, the world looks 218very different .219So, what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the 220most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations , as 221a measure , it is no longer enough . It does not include important factors 222such as environmental quality or education outcomes – all things that 223contribute to a person’s sense of well-being.224The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could 225lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being 226and for growth . But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving 227well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the 228forecasted doom and may even see progress .22931.Robert F. Kennedy is cited because he230[A]praised the UK for its GDP.231[B]identified GDP with happiness .232[C]misinterpreted the role of GDP .233[D]had a low opinion of GDP .23432.It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that235[A]the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern .236[B]GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK .237[C]the UK will contribute less to the world economy .238[D]policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP .23933.Which of the following is true about the recent annual study ? 240[A]It is sponsored by 163 countries .241[B]It excludes GDP as an indicator.242[C]Its criteria are questionable .243[D]Its results are enlightening .24434.In the last two paragraphs , the author suggests that245[A]the UK is preparing for an economic boom .246[B]high GDP foreshadows an economic decline .247[C]it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP .248[D]it requires caution to handle economic issues .24935.Which of the following is the best title for the text ?250[A]High GDP But Inadequate Well-being , a UK Lesson251[B]GDP Figures , a Window on Global Economic Health252[C]Rebort F. Kennedy , a Terminator of GDP253[D]Brexit, the UK’s Gateway to Well-being254Text 4255In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned the 256corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell. 257But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct, which 258included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari automobile 259from a company seeking access to government.260The high court’s decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell’s trial 261failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his “official acts,” 262or the former governor’s decisions on “specific” and “unsettled” 263issues related to his duties.264Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless 265done with clear intent to pressure those officials, is not corruption, 266the justices found.267The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening 268doors is “distasteful” and “nasty.” But under anti-bribery laws, 269proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval of a contract 270or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting, making a phone call, or hosting 271an event is not an “official act”.272The court’s ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism 273that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters 274deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution for275bribery.” The basic compact underlying representative government,” 276wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court,” assumes that public 277of ficials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns.” 278But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected 279representatives, not the courts, to ensure equality of access to280government. Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing 281information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or 282group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift. This type of 283integrity requires well-enforced laws in government transparency, such 284as records of official meetings, rules on lobbying, and information about 285each elected leader’s source of wealth.286Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of287corruption. But it is not always corruption. Rather officials must avoid 288double standards, or different types of access for average people and 289the wealthy. If connections can be bought, a basic premise of democratic 290society—that all are equal in treatment by government—is undermined. 291Good governance rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each 292individual.293The court’s ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both 294corruption and official favoritism.29536. The undermined sentence (Para.1) most probably shows that the 296court297[A] avoided defining the extent of McDonnell’s duties.298[B] made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.299[C] was contemptuous of McDonnell’s conduct.300[D] refused to comment on McDonnell’s ethics.30137. According to Paragraph 4, an official act is deemed corruptive 302only if it involves303[A] leaking secrets intentionally.304[B] sizable gains in the form of gifts.305[C] concrete returns for gift-givers.306[D] breaking contracts officially.30738. The court’s ruling is based on the assumption that public 308officials are309[A] justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.310[B] qualified to deal independently with bureaucratic issues.311[C] allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.312[D] exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.31339. Well-enforced laws in government transparency are needed to 314[A] awaken the conscience of officials.315[B] guarantee fair play in official access.316[C] allow for certain kinds of lobbying.317[D] inspire hopes in average people.31840. The author’s attitude toward the court’s ruling is319[A] sarcastic.320[B] tolerant.321[C] skeptical.322[D] supportive323Part B324Directions:325The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 32641-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent 327article by choosing from the list A-G to filling them into the numbered 328box. Paragraphs B and D have been correctly placed. Mark your answers 329on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)330[A]The first published sketch, “A Dinner at Poplar Walk” brought 331tears to Dickens’s eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly 332Magazine. From then on his sketches ,which appeared under the pen name 333“Boz” in The Evening Chronicle, earned him a modest reputation.334[B]The runaway success of The Pickwick Papers, as it is generally 335known today, secured Dickens’s fame. There were Pickwick coats and 336Pickwick cigars, and the plump, spectacled hero, Samuel Pickwick, became 337a national figure.338[C]Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared, a publishing firm approached 339Dickens to write a story in monthly installments, as a backdrop for a 340series of woodcuts by the ten-famous artist Robert Seymour, who had 341originated the idea for the story. With characteristic confidence, 342Dickens successfully insisted that Seymour’s pictures illustrate his 343own story instead. After the first installment, Dickens wrote to the 344artist and asked him to correct a drawing Dickens felt was not faithful 345enough to his prose. Seymour made the change, went into his backyard, 346and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide. Dickens and his 347publishers simply pressed on with a new artist. The comic novel, The 348Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, appeared serially in 1836 and 3491837, and was first published in book form in 1837.350[D]Charles Dickens is probably the best-known and, to many people, 351the greatest English novelist of the 19th century. A moralist, satirist, 352and social reformer. Dickens crafted complex plots and striking353characters that capture the panorama of English society.354[E]Soon after his father’s release from prison, Dickens got a better 355job as errand boy in law offices. He taught himself shorthand to get an 356even better job later as a court stenographer and as a reporter in 357Parliament. At the same time, Dickens, who had a reporter’s eye for 358transcribing the life around him especially anything comic or odd, 359submitted short sketches to obscure magazines.360[F] Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England’s southern coast. 361His father was a clerk in the British navy pay office –a respectable 362position, but wish little social status. His paternal grandparents, a 363steward and a housekeeper possessed even less status, having been364servants, and Dickens later concealed their background. Dicken’s mother 365supposedly came from a more respectable family. Yet two years before 366Dicken’s birth, his mother’s father was caught stealing and fled to 367Europe, never to return. The fa mily’s increasing poverty forced Dickens 368out of school at age 12 to work in Warren’s Blacking Warehouse, a 369shoe-polish factory, where the other working boys mocked him as “the 370young gentleman.” His father was then imprisoned for debt. The371humiliations of h is father’s imprisonment and his labor in the blacking 372factory formed Dicken’s greatest wound and became his deepest secret. 373He could not confide them even to his wife, although they provide the 374unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.375[G] After Pickwick, Dickens plunged into a bleaker world. In Oliver 376Twist, e traces an orphan’s progress from the workhouse to the criminal 377slums of London. Nicholas Nickleby, his next novel, combines the darkness 378of Oliver Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick. The popularity of these 379novels consolidated Dichens’ as a nationally and internationally380celebrated man of letters.381D → 41. → 42. → 43. → 44. → B →45.382Part C383Directions:384Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined 385segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the 386ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)387The growth of the use of English as the world`s primary language for 388international communication has obviously been continuing for several 389decades.390(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there 391are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within 392the foreseeable future.393Complex international, economic, technological and culture change 394could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language 395of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the 396breath of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those 397realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David 398Graddol399(47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among 400those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable 401that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional 402language capabilities.403David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak 404economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other405countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British 406counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside407that,(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school 408curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be 409gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages. 410If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative411strength of the English language in international education markets as 412the demand for educational resources in languages, such as413Spanish ,Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process 414outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, 415spreads.416(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and 417major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people 418of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English 419language teaching sector directly earns nearly &1.3 billion for the UK 420in invisible exports and our other education related explores earn up 421to &10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, 422the recent slowdown in the number of international students studying in 423the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially 424if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage. 425The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study 426is significant:(50) It gives a basis to all organization which seek to 427promote the learning and very different operating environment. That is 428a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who 429wish to influence the future must prepare for it.430Section III Writing431Part A43251. Directions：433You are to write an email to James Cook , a newly-arrived Australian 434professor , recommending some tourist attractions in your city . Please 435give reasons for your recommendation .436You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET .437Do not sign your own name at the end of the email . Use “Li Ming” 438instead.439Do not write the address . (10 points)440Part B44152. Directions：442Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following pictures. In 443your essay , you should4441）describe the pictures briefly,4452）interpret the meaning , and4463）give your comments.447You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.( 20 points )448Answer4491．【答案】[B] Besides4502．【答案】[A] connected4513．【答案】[D] host4524．【答案】[C] avoid4535．【答案】[B] involving4546．【答案】[D] on4557．【答案】[B] exposed456。

2017年考研英语一（答案及解析）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) from each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points) Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding "yes!" ___1__ helping you feel close and __2___to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a ___3__ of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you __4___ getting sick this winter.In a recent study ___5__ over 400 healthy adults,researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs ___6__ the participants' susceptibility to developing the common cold after being ___7__ to the virus. People who perceived greater socialsupport were less likely to come ___8__ with a cold, and the researchers __9___ that the stress-reducing effects of hugging___10__ about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. ___11__ among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe __12___."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the ___13__risk for colds that's usually__14___ with stress," Notes sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging "is a marker of intimacy and helps __15___ the feeling that others are there to help ___16__difficulty."Some experts ___17__ the stress-reducing,health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called"the bonding hormone" __18___ it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mothers and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is madeprimarily in the central lower part of the brain, and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it___19__ in the brain, where it __20___ mood, behavior and physiology.1. [A]Besides [B]Unlike [C]Throughout [D]Despite2. [A]equal [B]restricted [C]connected [D]inferior3. [A]view [B]host [C]lesson [D]choice4. [A]avoid [B]forget [C]recall [D]keep5. [A]collecting [B]affecting [C]guiding [D]involving6. [A]on [B]in [C]at [D]of7. [A]devoted [B]attracted [C]lost [D]exposed8. [A]along [B]across [C]down [D]out9. [A]imagined [B]denied [C]doubted [D]calculated10. [A]served [B]restored [C]explained [D]required11. [A]Thus [B]Still [C]Rather [D]Even12. [A]defeats [B]symptoms [C]errors [D]tests13. [A]highlighted [B]increased [C]controlled [D]minimized14. [A]presented [B]equipped [C]associated [D]compared15. [A]assess [B]generate [C]moderate [D]record16. [A]in the name of[B] in the form of [C] in the face of [D] in the way of17. [A]attribute [B]commit [C]transfer [D]return18. [A]unless [B]because [C]though [D]until19. [A]remains [B]emerges [C]vanishes [D]decreases20. [A]experiences [B]combines [C]justifies [D]influences完型答案：1-5: ACBAD 6-10: ADCDC11-15: DBBCB16-20:CABADSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1First two hours, now three hours — this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security protocols in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed over the MediterraneanSea, provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.Last year, the Transportation Security Administration(TSA) foundin a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons — both fake and real — past airport security nearly every time they tried. Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices, have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicago's O' Hare International. It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become — but the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel, so the TSA is now rushing to getnew screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travelers who are higher risk, saving time for everyone involved. TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock: Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has beenPreCheck's fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.21. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to[A]expl ain American’s tolerance of current security checks.[B]stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.[C]highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S. airports.[D]emphasize the importance of privacy protection.答案 A[答案解释] 根据题干关键词 The Crash of EgyptAir Flight 804 定位到第一段第 3 句。

‎‎‎‎2017年‎考研英语(‎一)阅读真‎题及答案详‎解考研英‎语真题考‎研数学真题‎政治真‎题专业‎课真题英‎语一真题‎英语二真题‎数学一真‎题数学二‎真题数学‎三真题数‎农真题考‎研英语答案‎考研数学‎答案政‎治答案‎专业课答案‎英语一答‎案英语二‎答案数学‎一答案数‎学二答案‎数学三答案‎数农答案‎201‎7年考研英‎语考试已经‎结束!出国‎留学考研网‎在考后第一‎时间为大家‎提供201‎7年考研英‎语(‎一)阅读真‎题及答案详‎解，更多考‎研资讯请关‎注我们网站‎的更新! ‎2017年‎考研英语‎ (一)‎阅读真题及‎答案详解‎各位同学大‎家晚上好!‎我们现在给‎大家做的是‎2017年‎考研英语1‎阅读理解板‎块的解析。

‎我目前手头‎只有英语1‎的题目，英‎语2赶紧回‎去复习，我‎目前没有相‎关材料。

关‎于英语1的‎同学我们直‎接给大家报‎答案。

‎我直‎接报答案。

‎看一下第一‎篇文章，当‎我拿到这个‎文章，今天‎考完结束很‎多同学给我‎发信息过来‎，今天一考‎完很多同学‎发来消息，‎说今年我们‎考试难度怎‎么样，还有‎一个大概评‎价，一直以‎来我们强调‎的考研这种‎国家级考试‎，都是以稳‎定压倒一切‎。

‎今年一共‎四篇文章难‎度这样的，‎两篇稍微简‎单一点，两‎篇有一定难‎度，但是再‎难，对于我‎们来讲都是‎利好消息，‎难的文章我‎们掌握了做‎题方法，尤‎其我们今天‎考试当中，‎这个方法不‎例外。

‎先看‎第一篇文章‎比较简单，‎谈了关于我‎们登机以前‎要做安检，‎安检流程变‎得更长一些‎。

第一题目‎简单，第二‎文章很容易‎读懂，文章‎一开头直接‎给我们一个‎中心思想。

‎‎为什么很明‎确，不知道‎大家记不记‎得有没有用‎到我们的，‎包括课堂当‎中讲到的最‎后三小时谈‎到中心思想‎把握方法。

‎‎文章开头是‎唯一一句话‎，大家有没‎有意识到这‎个问题，目‎前过安检，‎以前需要两‎个小时，现‎在需要三个‎小时了。