嵌入式系统英文缩写

软考中级嵌入式系统需掌握的英语词汇一、嵌入式系统基础1. 嵌入式系统：Embedded System2. 硬件：Hardware3. 软件：Software4. 固件：Firmware5. 系统软件：System Software6. 应用软件：Application Software7. 实时操作系统：Real-Time Operating System (RTOS)二、微控制器原理1. 微控制器：Microcontroller2. 中央处理器：Central Processing Unit (CPU)3. 存储器：Memory4. 输入/输出接口：Input/Output Interface5. 时钟系统：Clock System6. 中断：Interrupt7. 外设：Peripheral三、ARM架构与编程1. ARM架构：ARM Architecture2. ARM指令集：ARM Instruction Set3. ARM汇编语言：ARM Assembly Language4. ARM链接器：ARM Linker5. ARM工具链：ARM Toolchain6. ARM Cortex系列：ARM Cortex Series7. ARM内存管理单元：ARM Memory Management Unit (MMU)四、实时操作系统1. 实时操作系统：Real-Time Operating System (RTOS)2. 任务调度：Task Scheduling3. 信号量：Semaphore4. 消息队列：Message Queue5. 内存管理：Memory Management6. 中断处理：Interrupt Handling7. 时间管理：Time Management五、低功耗设计1. 低功耗设计：Low Power Design2. 待机模式：Standby Mode3. 休眠模式：Sleep Mode4. 唤醒机制：Wake-up Mechanism5. 能效比：Energy Efficiency Ratio6. 功率优化：Power Optimization7. 低功耗电路设计：Low Power Circuit Design六、传感器与信号处理1. 传感器：Sensor2. 模拟信号：Analog Signal3. 数字信号：Digital Signal4. 信号调理：Signal Conditioning5. 采样率：Sampling Rate6. 滤波器：Filter7. 数据转换器：Data Converter8. 信号处理算法：Signal Processing Algorithm9. 特征提取：Feature Extraction10. 信号分析：Signal Analysis11. 噪声抑制：Noise Suppression12. 数据融合：Data Fusion13. 动态范围：Dynamic Range14. 量程：Range of Measurement。

嵌入式系统的分类1、以硬件划分1.1嵌入式微控制器(Microcontrol lerUnit，也称MCU)单片机就属于嵌入式微控制器，单片机机心由ROM(或EPROM)、总线、总线逻辑、定时器(或计数器)、Watch Dog、I/O、串行口、脉宽调制输出、A/D、D/A、Flash RAM、EEPROM等组成，它属于单片式设计，体积小、功耗低、成本小、可靠性高的特点，该类型的品种、数量都是最多的，目前嵌入式系统中，MCU在70年代就已经研制出来，但由于以上的特点，直到现在，它依然占有70%的市场份额。

1.2嵌入式微处理器(MicroProcessor Unit，又称MPU)嵌入式微处理器是根据计算机的CPU演变来的，然而与计算机处理器不同的是，它要求性能高、功耗低、体积小、成本小、重量轻、可靠性高的特点，以满足嵌入式环境下的特殊需求，如ARM系列广泛应用于手机终端，PowerPC系列广泛应用于航空系统。

1.3嵌入式DSP处理器(EmbeddedDigitalSignalProcessor，又称EDSP)DSP的算法理论在70年代就已经出现，那时还没有专门的DSP 处理器，只能用MPU的分立元件实现，然而处理的速度无法满足DSP算法要求，1982年，首枚DSP处理器诞生，它是专门用于处理信号的处理器，以信号处理的特殊要求在系统结构处理、算法上进行专门设计的处理器，它具有很高的编译效果与执行速度的功能。

80年代中期，诞生出基于CMOS工艺的DSP处理器，它的储容量和运算速度与前代相比都有飞跃性的提高、现在随着DSP处理器的不断发展，它的集成度更高、应用范围更广。

1.4嵌入片上系统(SystemOnChip，又称SOC)嵌入片上系统追求包容性最强的集成器件，它使现了软硬件无缝结合，在处理器片上直接嵌入操作系统的代码模块，因此具有很高的综合性。

使用SOC，SOC一般是专用的芯片，它具有系统简洁、体积小、功耗小、可靠性高、生产效率高的特点。

计算机常用英文缩写3DPA—3D Positional Audio—3D定位音频3DS—Three Dimension Studio—三维摄影室AAT—Average Access Time—平均存取时间ABS—Auto Balance System—自动平衡系统AC—Alternating Current—交流电ACOPS—Automatic CPU Overheat Prevention System—自动CPU过热预防系统ACPI—Advanced Configuration And Power Interface—高级配置与电源接口ADC—Analog To Digital Convent—模数转换器ADIMM—Advanced Dual In-line Memory Modules—高级双重内嵌式内存模块ADO—Active* Data Object—Active*数据对象ADSL—Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line—非对称数字用户路线AE—Atmospheric Effect—雾化效果AGP—Accelerated Graphics Port—加速图形接口AGU—Address Generation Unit—地址产生单元AHA—Accelerated Hub Architecture—加速中心架构AH—Authentication Header—鉴定头文件AI—Artificial Intelligence—人工智能AL—Artificial Life—人工生命ALU—Arithmetic Logic Unit—算术逻辑单元ANSI—American National Standard Institute—美国国家标准协会AOL—American Online—美国在线APIC—Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller—高级程序中断控制器APM—Advanced Power Management—高级电源管理APP—Accelerated Parallel Processing—AMD加速并行处理技术APPE—Advanced Packet Parsing Engine—高级数据包解析引擎ARP—Address Resolution Protocol—地址解析协议ASC—Anti Static Coating—防静电涂层ASCII—American Standard Code For Information Interchange —美国信息交换标准代码ASIC—Application Specific Integrated Circuit—特殊应用集成电路AST—Average Seek Time—平均寻道时间ATAPI—Advanced Technology Attachment Packet Interface—高级技术附加数据包接口ATC—Access Time From Clock—时钟存取时间ATL—Active* Template Library—Active*模版库ATM—Asynchronous Transfer Mode—异步传输模式AV—Analog Video—模拟视频AVI—Audio Video Interleave—音频视频插入B2C—Business To Custom—商家对客户BASIC—Beginner—All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code—初学者通用符号指令代码BBS—Bulletin Board System—公告牌系统BCF—Boot Catalog File—启动目录文件BGA—Ball Grid Array—球栅阵列BIF—Boot Image File—启动映像文件BIOS—Basic Input Output System—根本输入输出系统BIS—Boot Integrity Service—启动整体效劳BMS—Black Matri* Screen—超黑矩阵屏幕BOPS—Billion Operation Per Second—十亿次计算每秒BPT—Branch Prediction Table—分支预测表BPU—Branch Processing Unit—分支处理单元BTB—Branch Target Buffer—分支目标缓冲CAD—Computer Aided Design—计算机辅助设计CAE—Computer Aided Engineering—计算机辅助工程CAI—Computer Aided Instruction—计算机辅助教学CAM—Common Access Mode—公共存取模型CAM—Computer Aided Manufacturing—计算机辅助制造CBIC—Cell based Integrated Circuit—基于单元的集成电路CC—Companion Chip—同伴芯片CCD—Charge Coupled Dvice—电流连接设备CCM—Call Control Management—拨号控制管理CC-NUMA—Cache Coherent Non Uniform Memory Access—连贯缓冲非统一内存寻址CCT—Clock Cycle Time—时钟周期CDMA—Code Division Multiple Access—码分多址CDR—Compact Disc Recordable—可刻录光盘CD-ROM—Compact Disc Read Only Memory—光驱CD-RW—Compact Disc Rewriter—刻录机CDSL—Consumer Digital Subscriber Line—消费者数字订阅线路CE—Consumer Electronic—消费电子CEM—Cube Environment Mapping—立方环境映射CEO—Chief E*ecutive Officer—首席执行官CG—Computer Graphic—计算机生成图像CGI—Common Gateway Interface—通用网关界面CHRP—Common Hardware Reference Platform—公用硬件平台CIEA—Commercial Internet E*change Association—商业英特网交易协会CIR—Committed Information Rate—约定信息速率CISC—Comple* Instruction Set Computing—复杂指令集计算机CLV—Constant Linear Velocity—恒定线速度CMOS—Complementary Metal O*ide Semiconductor—互补金属氧化物半导体存储器COB—Cache On Board—板上集成缓存COD—Chip On Board—芯片内集成缓存COM—Component Object Model—组件对象模型COO—Chief Organization Officer—首席管理官CPGA—Ceramic Pin Grid Array—陶瓷针形栅格阵列CPLD—Comple* Programmable Logic Device—复杂可编程逻辑器件CPS—Characters Per Second—每秒字符数CPU—Central Processing Unit—中央处理器CRC—Cyclical Redundancy Check—循环冗余检查CRM—Custom Relationship Management—客户关系管理CRT—cathode Ray Tube—阴极射线管CSE—Configuration Space Enable—可分配空间CSS—Cascading Style Sheets—层叠样式表CTO—Chief Technology Officer—首席技术官CTS—Carpal Tunnel Syndrome—腕管综合症CUDA—Computer Unified Device Architecture—计算机统一装置构造CVS—Computer Visual Syndrome—计算机视觉综合症DAC—Dual Address Cycle—双重地址周期DAE—Digital Audio E*traction—数字音频抓取DB—Deep Buffer—深度缓冲DCD—Dynamic Content Delivery—动态内容推送DC—Domain Controller—域控制器DCE—Data Communication Equipment—数据通信设备DCOM—Distributed Component Object Model—分布式组件对象模型DCT—Display Compression Technology—显示压缩技术DDC—Display Data Chanel—显示数据通道DDN—Digital Data Network—数字数据网DDR—Double Data Rate—双倍速率DDSS—Double Dynamic Suspension System—双层动力悬吊系统DEC—Direct Etching coating—外表蚀刻涂层DES—Data Encryption Standard—数据加密标准DFP—Dynamic Feedback Protocol—动态反响协议DHCP—Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol—动态主机配置协议DIB—Dual Independent Bus—双独立总线DIC—Digital Image Controller—数字图像控制DIMM—Dual Inline Memory Module—双列直插内存模块DIP—Double In-line Package—双列直插式封装DIR—Direct Infrastructure rendering—基层直接渲染DLL—Dynamic Link Library—动态数据链接库DLP—Digital Light Process—数字光处理DME—Direct Memory E*ecute—直接内存执行DMI—Desktop Management Interface—桌面管理界面DMI—Dynamic Method Invocation—动态方法调用DNS—Digital Nervous System—数字神经系统DNS—Domain Name System—域名系统DOS—Disk Operating System—磁盘操作系统DP—Dual Processor—双处理器DPI—Dots Per Inch—每英寸点数DPMS—Display Power Management Signal—显示能源管理信号DQL—Dynamic Quadrapole Lens—动态四极镜DRC—Design Rule Check—设计规则检查DSD—Direct Stream Digital—直接比特流数字DSL—Digital Subscriber Line—数字用户专线DSP—Digital Signal Processing—数字信号处理DST—Drive Self Test—驱动自检程序DTD—Document Type Definition—文件类型定义DTE—Digital Terminal Equipment—数据终端设备DVD—Digital Versatile Disc—数字多功能光DVD—Digital Video Disc—数字视频光盘DVD-RAM—Digital Versatile Disc Random Access Memory—DVD随机存储器DVI—Digital Video Interface—数字视频接口E3—Electronic Entertainment E*po—美国E3大展EA*—Environment Audio E*tension—环境音效扩展EB—E*pansion Bus—扩展总线EBR—E*cess Burst Rate—超频突发速率ECC—Elliptical Curve Crypto—椭圆曲线加密EC—Embedded Controller—嵌入式控制ECP—E*tended Capabilities Port—扩展并行口ECTS—European Computer Trade Show—欧洲计算机商贸展示会EDIF—Electronic Design Interchange Format—电子设计交换格式EEPROM—Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory—电擦可编程只读存储器EFEAL—E*tension Field Elliptically Aperture Lens—可扩展扫描椭圆孔镜头EIDE—Enhanced Integrated Driver Electronic—增强电子集成驱动器EISA—Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture—增强工业标准架构EMI—Electromagnetic Interference—电磁干扰EMP—Emergency Management Port—紧急事情管理端口EPP—Enhanced Parallel Port—增强并行口EPU—Energy Processing Unit—能耗调控单元ERC—Electronic Rule Check—电气规则检查ERP—Enterprise Resource Planning—企业资源方案ERP—Estimated Retail Place—估计零售价ESCD—E*tended System Configuration Data—扩展系统配置数据FADD—Floating Addition—浮点加FAT—File Allocation Table—文件分配表FBC—Frame Buffer Cache—帧缓冲缓存FCPGA—Flip Chip Pin Grid Array—反转芯片针脚栅格阵列FDBM—Fluid Dynamic Bearing Motor—液态轴承马达FDC—Floppy Disk Controller—软盘控制装置FDD—Floppy Disk Drive—软盘FDIV—Floating Divided—浮点除FDM—Frequency Division Multiple*ing—频分多路复用FIR—Finite Impulse Response—有限推进响应FMUL—Floating Multiplication—浮点乘FMV—Full Motion Video—全动态影像FPGA—Filed Programmable Grate Array—现场可编程门阵列FPS—First Person Shooting—第一人称射击FPU—Floating Processing Unit—浮点运算单元—Frames Per Second—每秒传输帧数FRICC—Federal Research Internet Coordinating Committee—联邦调查因特网协调委员会FSAA—Full Scene Anti—aliasing—全景抗锯齿FSE—Frequency Shifter Effect—频率转换效果FSM—Finite Status Machine—有限状态机FSUB—Floating Subtraction—浮点减FTP—File Transfer Protocol—文件传输协议FWH—Firmware Hub—固件中心GDI—Graphic Device Interface—图形设备接口GIF—Generalized Timing Formula—一般程序时间GMCH—Graphic Memory Control Hub—图形内存控制中心GMR—Giant Magneto Resistive—巨型磁阻GPF—Generation Protection Fault—一般保护性错误GPS—Global Positioning System—全球定位系统GPU—Graphic Processing Unit—图形处理器GSM—Global System For Mobile Communication—全球移动通讯系统GUI—Graphical User Interface—图形用户界面GVPP—Generic Visual Perception Processor—常规视觉处理器HAL—Hardware Abstraction Layer—硬件抽象化层HCI—Host Control Interface—主机控制接口HCT—Hardware Compatibility Test—硬件兼容性测试HDA—Head Disk Assembly—磁头集合HDCP—High-Bandwidth Digital Content Protection—高带宽数字内容保护HDD—Hard Disk Drive—硬盘HDL—Hardware Description Language—硬件描述语言HDMI—High Definition Multimedia Interface—高清晰度多媒体接口HDSL—High-Speed Digital Subscriber Line—高速率数字用户路线HDTV—High Definition TV—高清电视HEL—Hardware Emulation Layer—硬件模拟层HiFDA—High_Capacity Floppy Disk—高容量软盘HMOS—High Performance Metal O*ide Semiconductor—高性能金属氧化物半导体HPA—High Power Amplifier—高功率放大器HPS—High Performance Server—高性能效劳器HPW—High Performance Workstation —高性能工作站HRIF—Head Related Transfer Function—头部关联传输功能HTML—Hyper Te*t Markup Language—超文本标志语言HTPC—Home Theater Personal Computer—家庭影院电脑HTTP—Hyper Te*t Transmission Protocol—超文本传输协议HUD—Head Up Display—平视显示器IA—Intel Architecture—英特尔架构ICD—Installable Client Drive—可安装客户端驱动程序ICMP—Intel Control Message Protocol—英特尔控制报文协议ICU—Instruction Control Unit—指令控制单元IDCT—Inverse Discrete Cosine Transfer—非连续反余弦变换IDF—Intel Developer Forum—因特尔开发者论坛IEEE—The Institute Electrical And Electronic Engineerings—美国电气和电子工程师协会IETF—Intel Engineer Task Force—因特网工程任务组IEU—Integer E*cute Unit—整数执行单元IID—Interaural Intensity Difference—两侧声音强度差异IIR—Infinite Impulse Response—无限推进响应IIS—Internet Information Service—互联网信息效劳IKE—Intel Key E*change—因特网密钥交换协议IMM—Intel Mobil Module—因特尔移动模块IP—Internet Protocol—互联网协议IPPR—Image Processing And Pattern Recognition—图像处理和模式识别IPS—In Plane Switching—平面转换IRC—Internet Relay Chat—互联网接力聊天IRQ—Interrupt Request—中断请求IRST—Intel Rapid Storage Technology—英特尔快速存储技术ISA—Industry Standard Architecture—工业标准构造ISA—Instruction Set Architecture—指令集架构ISDN—Integrated Service Digital Network—综合效劳数字网络IS—Internal Stake—内置堆栈ISO—International Standard Organization—国际标准化组织ISP—Intel Service Provider—因特网效劳供给商JIT—Just In Time—准时制生产JVM—Java Virtual Machine—Java虚拟机KBC—Keyboard Controller—键盘控制器LBA—Logical Block Addressing—逻辑块寻址LCD—Liquid Crystal Display—液晶显示屏LCM—LCD Module—LCD显示模组LCOS—Liquid Crystal On Silicon—硅上液晶LDAP—Lightweight Directory Access Protocol—轻权目录访问协议LDT—Lighting Data Transport—闪电数据传输LED—Light Emitting Diode—发光二极管LF—Linear Filtering—线性过滤LMDS—Local Multipoint Distributed System—局域多点分布式系统LPM—Library Parameterized Module—参数化模块库LTE—Long Term Evolution—长期演进LVDS—Low Voltage Differential Single—低压差分信号LVS—Layout Versus Schematic—幅员原理图比照MAC—Media Access Controller—介质访问控制MALS—Multi Astigmatism Lens System—多重散光聚焦系统MB—Motherboard—主机板MDC—Mobile Daughter Card—移动式子卡MFC—Microsoft Foundation Classes—微软根底库MFD—Multi Function Device—多功能设备MIDI—Musical Instrument Digital Interface—乐器数字接口MIME—Multipurpose Internet Mail E*tension—多用途因特网邮件扩展协议MIOC—Memory And I/O Bridge Controller—内存和I/O桥控制器MiPad—Multimodal Interactive Notepad—多语态互动式记事本MIS—Management Information System—管理信息系统MMVF—Multi-Media Video File—多媒体视频文件MPEG—Moving Picture E*pert Group—运动图像专家组MPP—Massive Parallel Processing—巨量平行处理MPS—Multi Processor Specification—多重处理器标准MRP—Manufacturing Resource Planning—制造资源方案MRW—Midrange Workstation—中型工作站MSI—Microsoft Installer—微软安装程序MS—Magnetic Sensor—磁场感应器MSN—Microsoft Network—微软网络MSP—Media Stream Processor—媒体流处理器MTBF—Mean Time Before Failure—平均故障时间MTH—Memory Transfer Hub—内存转换中心MUD—Multiple User Dungeon—多用户地牢NAOC—No-Account Overclock—无效超频NAS—Network Attached Storage—网络连接式存储NAT—Network Area Translation—网络地址转换NBC—North Bridge Chip—北桥芯片NDIS—Network Driver Interface specification—网络驱动接口标准NDS—Novell Directory Service—网威目录效劳NE—Netlist E*tract—网表提取NIC—Network Interface Card—网络接口卡NNTP—Network News Transport Protocol—网络新闻传输协议NPC—Non Player Character—非玩着人物NT—New Technology—新技术OCR—Optical Character Recognition—光学字符识别OEM—Original Equipment Manufacturer—原始设备制造商OLGA—Organic Land Grid Array—基板栅格阵列OOP—Object Oriented Programming—面向对象的程序设计OPT—Optimized Production Technology—优化生产技术OS—Operating System—操作系统PCAV—Part Constant Angular Velocity—局部恒定角速度PCB—Printed Circuit Board—印刷电路板PCI—Peripheral Component Interconnect—外围装置连接端口PC—Personal Computer—个人计算机PC—Perspective Correction—透视纠正PDA—Personal Digital Assistant—个人数字助理PDS—Public Directory Support—公众目录支持PE—Parameter E*tract—参数提取PGC—Parallel Graphic Configuration—并行图像设置PIB—Processor In a Bo*—盒装处理器PIC—Programmable Interrupt Controller—可编程中断控制器PICS—Platform For Internet Content Selection—英特网内容选择平台PIM—Personal Information Management—个人信息管理系统PLCC—Plastic Leadless Chip Carrier—塑料无引脚芯片载体PLD—Programmable Logic Device—可编程逻辑器件PLL—Phase Locked Loop—锁相环PNP—Plug And Play—即插即用POF—Polymer Optical Fiber—聚合体光纤POST—Power On Self Test—开机自检PPM—Pages Per Minute—每分钟打印页数PPTP—Point To Point Tunneling Protocol—点对点通道协议PQFP—Plastic Quad Flat Package—塑料方型扁平式封装PRML—Partial Response Ma*imum Likelihood—最大可能局部反响PSK—Pre-Shared Key—预共享密钥PSN—Processor Serial Numbers—处理器序列号PSU—Power Supply Unit—计算机电源PSW—Program Status Word—程序状态字P*E—Per-boot E*ecution Environment—预启动运行环境QBM—Quad Band Memory—四倍边带内存QOS—Quality Of Service—效劳质量QPA—Quad Port Acceleration—四倍接口加速RADSL—Rate Adaptive Digital Subscriber Line—速率自适应数字用户路线RAM—Random Access Memory—内存〔随机存储器〕RARP—Reverse Address Resolution Protocol—反相地址解析协议RDF—Resource Description Framework—资源描述框架RISC—Reduced Instruction Ser Computing—精简指令集计算机RMA—Real Media Architecture—实媒体架构RNG—Random Number Generator—随即数字发生器ROB—Reorder Buffer—重新排列缓存区RPG—Role Playing Game—角色扮演游戏RPM—Revolution Per Minute—每分钟转数RRVP—Resource Reser Vation Protocol—资源保存协议RSD—Removable Storage Device—移动式存储设备RSDS—Reduced Swing Differential Single—小幅度摆动差动信号RTC—Real Time Clock—实时时钟RTL—Register Transmit Level—存放器传输级RTSP—Real Time Streaming Protocol—实时流协议RTS—Real Time Strategy—即时战略RTS—Request To Send—需求发送SAM—Sales Available Market—可出售市场SAP—Sideband Address Port—边带寻址端口SATA—Serial Advanced Technology Attachment—串行高级技术附件SBC—South Bridge Chip—南桥芯片SBFS—Sample Boot Flag Specification—简单引导标记标准SCSI—Small Computer System Interface—小型计算机系统接口SC—Static Core—静态内核SCT—Software Compatibility Test—软件兼容性测试SDK—Software Development Kit—软件开发工具包SDRAM—Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory—同步动态随机存储器SDTV—Standard Definition Television—标准清晰度电视SEC—Single Edge Connector—单边连接器SEM—Spherical Environment Mapping—球形环境映射SET—Secure Electronic Transaction—平安电子交易SGML—Standard Generalized Markup Language—标准通用标记语言SIMD—SIngle Instruction Multi Data—单指令多数据SIV—System Information Viewer—系统信息观察SLI—Scanline Interleave—扫描线间插SMART—Self-Monitoring Analysis And Reporting Technology —自动检测、分析和报告技术SMB—System Management Bus—系统管理总线SMD—Surface Mount Device—外表安装设备SMIL—Synchronous Multimedia Integrated Language—同步多媒体集成语言SMIP—Simple Mail Transfer Protocol—简单邮件传输协议SMI—System Management Interrupt—系统管理中断SMM—System Management Mode—系统管理模式SMP—Symmetric Multi-Processing—对称式多重处理器架构SNMP—Simple Network Management Protocol—简单网络管理协议SNR—Single To Noise Rate—信噪比SOAC—System ON A Chip—系统集成多功能芯片SOC—System On Chip—片上系统SOI—Silicon On Insulator—绝缘体硅片SOS—Server Operating Systems—效劳器操作系统SPD—Serial Presense Detect—串行存在检查SPEC—System Performance Evaluation Check—系统性能评估测试SPS—Shock Protection System—震动保护系统SP—Stack Pointing—堆栈指针SQRC—Square Root Calculation—平方根计算SRA—Symmetric Rendering Architecture—对称渲染架构SRR—Segment Register Rewrite—区段存放器重写SRS—Sound Retrieval System—声音修复系统SSB—Super South Bridge—超级南桥芯片SSD—Solid State Disk—固态硬盘SSE—Streaming SIMD E*tensions—单一指令多数据流扩展SSI—Small Scall Integration—小规模集成STB—Set Top Bo*es—电视顶置盒STD—Suspend To Disk—磁盘唤醒STR—Suspend To RAM—内存唤醒STS—Switched Internet working Service—交换式网络互联效劳SUA—Single User Account—单用户账号SVR—Switching Voltage Regulator—交换式电压调节TCA—Twin Cache Architecture—双缓冲构造TCO—Total Cost Of Ownership—拥有总本钱TCP—Transmission Control Protocol—传输控制协议TCP—Transmission Control Protocol—传输控制协议TDP—Thermal Design Power—散热设计功耗TFT—Thin Film Transistor—薄膜晶体管TLB—Translate Look Side Buffers—翻译旁视缓冲器TOP—The Olympic Partner—奥林匹克全球合作伙伴TPS—Transactions Per Second—每秒处理事项数TQM—Total Quality Management—全面质量管理UART—Universal Asynchronous Receive/Transmitter—通用异步收发器UCC—Ultra Clear Coating—超清晰涂层UDMA—Ultra Direct Memory Access—高级直接内存访问UDP—User Datagram protocol—用户数据报协议UDP—User Datagram Protocol—用户数据报协议ULS—User Location Service—用户定位效劳UPA—Ultra Port Architecture—超级端口构造UPS—Uninterrupted Power Supply—不连续电源USB—Universal Serial Bus—通用串行总线USDM—Unified System Diagnostic Manager—统一系统检测管理USWC—Uncacheabled Speculative Write Combination—无缓冲随即联合写操作VALU—Vector Arithmetic Logic Unit—向量算术逻辑单元VBI—Vertical Blanking Interval—垂直空白间隙VCMA—Virtual Channel Memory Architecture—虚拟通道内存构造VDM—Windows Driver Model—视窗驱动程序模块VDSL—Very-high-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Loop—甚高速数字用户环路VDT—Video Display Terminal—视频显示终端VESA—Video Electronic Standard Association—视频电子标准协会VFAT—Virtual File Allocation Table—虚拟文件分配表VFM—Wired For Management—有线管理VGA—Video Graphics Array—视频图形阵列VID—Voltage Identification Definition—电压识别认证VIP—Video Interface Port—视频接口VLIW—Very Long Instruction Word—超长指令集VLSI—Very Large Scale Integrated—超大规模集成电路VOD—Video On Demand—视频点播VPN—Virtual Private Network—虚拟局域网VPU—Vector Permutate Unit—向量排列单元VQTC—Vector-Quantization Te*ture Compression—向量纹理单元VRE—Voltage Reduction Enhance—增强型电压调节VRML—Virtual Reality Makeup Language—虚拟现实构造化语言VRM—Voltage Regulator Module—电压调整模块VSA—Virtual System Architecture—虚拟系统架构VSIS—Video Single Standard—视频信号标准V*ML—Voice E*tensible Markup Language—语音扩展标记语言WAIS—Wide Area Information Service—广义信息效劳器WAN—Web Area Network—广域网WG—Wave Guide—波导合成Wi—Fi—Wireless Fidelity—无线保真WLAN—Wireless Local Area Network—无线局域网络WMI—Wired For Management Initiative—主动式管理线路WOL—Wake On Lan—局域网唤醒WPAN—Wireless Personal Area Network—无线个域网WSH—Windows Scripting Host—视窗脚本程序WWW—World Wide Web—万维网*SL—E*tensible Style Sheet Language—可扩展设计语言ZAM—Zero Administration For Windows—零管理视窗系统ECL—Emitter Couple Logic—射极耦合逻辑CAM—Content Addressable Memory—内容寻址存储器MIPS—Million Instruction Per Second—每秒处理百万级指令。

嵌入式系统词汇表– 1AASIC（专用集成电路）Application-Specific Integrated Circuit. A piece of custom-designed hardware in a chip.专用集成电路。

一个在一个芯片上定制设计的硬件。

address bus （地址总线）A set of electrical lines connected to the processor and all of the peripherals withwhich itcommunicates. The address bus is used by the processor to select aspecific memory location or register within a particular peripheral. If the address bus contains n electrical lines, the processor can uniquely address up to 2^n such locations.一个连接处理器与所有外设的，用来通讯的电子线路集。

地址总线被处理器用来选择在特定外设中的存储器地址或寄存器。

如果地址总线有n条电子线路，处理器能唯一寻址高达2^n的地址空间。

application software（应用软件）Describes software modules specific to a particular embedded project. Theapplication software is unlikely to be reusable across embedded platforms, simplybecause each embedded system has a different application.用来描述一个特定的嵌入式项目中的某一软件模块。