3种跨临界二氧化碳热泵热水器系统的实验研究

跨临界二氧化碳热泵喷射循环实验邹春妹;岑继文;刘培;蒋方明【期刊名称】《化工学报》【年(卷),期】2016(067)004【摘要】An optimized design of the ejector was presented, which was applied to a transcritical CO2heat pump as an experimental water heater system. Experiments were carried out not only to investigate the effects of flow rate and outlet temperature of hot water and the high-side pressure on the system and the ejector performance, such as the heating coefficient of performance (COPh), entrainment ratio, pressure lift and ejector efficiency, but also to reflect the ejector influence on system performance. The experimental results show that though the ejector efficiency was related to the entrainment ratio, their change with the hot water flow rate or the outlet temperature were different. In the other word, the entrainment ratio was decreased while the ejector efficiency was increased with the decrease of the cooling water flow rate or the increase of the outlet temperature. Under the experimental working conditions, pressure lift was kept constant and the COPh reached about 3.5. With this ejector, high side optimal pressure decreased dramatically, which results in safer operation for this system. However when the COPh reached the highest value, the ejector efficiency was not the best one. The experimental results also showed that there existed an optimal operation pressure for thetranscritical CO2 heat pump with the ejector. What should be noted was under optimal hide side pressure, hot water outlet temperature was not the highest value but stil l more than 55℃. Therefore stable operation in the optimal high side pressure for the heat pump system is ofgreat significance. It can not only greatly improve system performance, but also ensure attain higher water temperature of the hot water.%在跨临界CO2热泵热水器系统中引入优化设计的喷射器，对系统进行实验研究，分析了制热系数、引射比、升压比、喷射器效率等参数随热水体积流量和出口温度及高压侧压力的变化趋势以及优化设计的喷射器对系统的影响。

跨临界CO2热泵热水系统标准化热水供应的仿真模型与实验研究王哲龚毅吴学红侯锋李亚强郑州轻工业学院制冷与低温研究中心河南郑州450002摘要：使用CO2天然制冷剂作为空气源或水源热泵介质技术已经逐步商业化，跨临界CO2热泵热水系统的研究有助于节能减排，优化住宅热水供应。

本文的目标是在研究不同热水需求量变化对热泵热水系统性能影响的实验基础上，针对热泵和水箱系统的相关性能参数建立了跨临界CO2热泵和储水箱的数学模型。

实验结果表明：在±20%热水需求量变化范围内，热泵系统性能参数呈现平稳变化趋势；高压侧压力对热泵系统COP和热水流量，温度等参数均有影响。

关键词：跨临界CO2、热泵、COP、水箱、仿真模型、实验研究Experimental Study and Simulation Model of a CO2Transcritical Heat Pump Water Heating System under a Standardized Demand Wang Zhe GongYi Wu-Xuehong HouFeng Li-YaqiangZhengzhou University of Light Industry,Henan Zhengzhou450002Abstract:Water-to-water or air-to-water heat pumps using CO2as a natural refrigerant have been developed and commercialized.They are expected to contribute to energy saving in residential hot water supply.The goal of this paper is in experimental basis on the different hot water demand changes in the heat pump and hot water system performance ing of performance parameters to establish the mathematical model of a transcritical CO2heat pump and storage tank.The experimental results show that:in the range of±20%of hot water demand,heat pump system performance parameters show a steady trend;The high-pressure side pressure changes affect the COP of the heat pump system and the flow and temperature of the hot water system.Keyword:Transcritical CO2,Heat pump,COP,Water tanks,Simulation model,Experimental study 1.引言使用自然工质CO2的空气源和水源热泵热水器已经逐步走向商业化，而通过实际验证跨临界CO2热泵热水系统的应用有助于节能减排，优化住宅热水供应等[1]。

CO2跨临界循环在热泵热水器中的应用（郑州轻工业学院机电工程学院）摘要全球正面临着严重的温室效应和臭氧层破坏问题，各国都致力于研究出氟利昂的替代制冷剂。

CO2是一种天然工质，它优于其它常用制冷剂的性能表现正好符合现在的环境要求，是热泵热水器系统最具潜力的替代工质之一。

分析目前市场上出现的各种热水供应设备，将CO2和其他制冷剂做性能比较，给出了CO2跨临界循环的典型流程和特点；对CO2跨临界特性、设备的开发以及循环的可靠性和安全性进行综合分析。

说明CO2跨临界循环在热泵热水器中应用的优越性，以及该技术在国内的应用前景和方向。

关键词二氧化碳跨临界循环热泵热水器A Study on The Application of CO2 Transcritical Cycle inHeat Pump Water Heater(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering in Zhengzhou University of LightIndustry)Abstract We are facing serious whole world green-house effect and the ozone layer destroyed in recent years, every country is focusing on the research of a replaced refrigerant of the HFC.CO2is a natural substance, it has a more excellent performance than the other refrigerants, which is competent for the enviromental request nowadays. So it can be the most potential refrigerant in heat pump water heater to replace the HFC. By analysing a series of devices, providing hot water, saled in the markets, and comparing CO2 with the the other refrigerants, this article tells the typical diagram and the characteristic of the CO2transcritical cycle and anlyses the properties of CO2refrigeration transcritical cycle, the equipment exploitation and the security and reliability of the CO2transcritical system.The aim is to introduce the superiority of the application of CO2 transcritical cycle in heat pump water heater, and tell us the potentiality and the direction of CO2 transcritical cycle technology in China. Keywords CO2 transcritical cycle heat pump water heater0前言二氧化碳作为制冷剂已经超过100年。