机械设计制造及其自动化专业英语期末考试题库

机械英语试题及答案解析一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. What is the term for the process of removing material froma workpiece to create a part?A. MachiningB. WeldingC. CastingD. Forging答案：A2. Which of the following is a type of metal cutting operation?A. DrillingB. SolderingC. BrazingD. Annealing答案：A3. The term "CNC" stands for:A. Computer Numerical ControlB. Closed Network CircuitC. Centralized Network CommunicationD. Continuous Numerical Calculation答案：A4. What is the primary function of a lathe?A. To shape woodB. To cut threads on a workpieceC. To bend metal sheetsD. To forge metal答案：B5. In the context of manufacturing, what does "CAD" refer to?A. Computer Aided DesignB. Computer Aided DraftingC. Computer Aided DevelopmentD. Computer Aided Diagnosis答案：A6. Which of the following is a common material used in the production of machine parts?A. PlasticB. CeramicC. AlloyD. Glass答案：C7. The process of joining two pieces of metal by heating them to their melting point is known as:A. SolderingB. BrazingC. WeldingD. Gluing答案：C8. What is the role of a milling machine in the manufacturing process?A. To cut internal threadsB. To shape the surface of a workpieceC. To drill holesD. To create a smooth finish on a surface答案：B9. The term "tolerance" in mechanical engineering refers to:A. The maximum weight of a partB. The acceptable variation in size or shape of a partC. The minimum strength of a materialD. The standard size of a part答案：B10. What is the purpose of a jig in manufacturing?A. To hold workpieces in place during machiningB. To measure the dimensions of a partC. To cut threads on a workpieceD. To provide power to a machine tool答案：A二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）11. The process of shaping metal by applying pressure is known as _______.答案：Forging12. A _______ is a tool that holds a cutting tool and guides it through a specific path.答案：Cutter13. In machining, the term "feed rate" refers to the _______ of the tool relative to the workpiece.答案：Speed14. The _______ is a device that can be used to measure the internal diameter of a hole.答案：Micrometer15. The process of hardening a metal to increase its strength is called _______.答案：Quenching16. A _______ is a machine tool used for shaping a workpiece by removing material.答案：Milling Machine17. The _______ is the process of cutting a workpiece along a straight line.答案：Sawing18. The _______ is a type of machine tool used for cutting internal threads.答案：Tapping Machine19. The _______ is the process of heating and cooling a metalto alter its physical properties.答案：Heat Treatment20. A _______ is a device that holds a workpiece in place during machining.答案：Vise三、简答题（每题5分，共10分）21. Explain the difference between a milling machine and a lathe.答案：A milling machine is used for shaping the surfaceof a workpiece by removing material with a rotating multi-toothed cutter, whereas a lathe is used for shaping a workpiece by rotating it and cutting it with a stationary tool.22. What is the purpose of a jig in the manufacturing process?答案：A jig is a device used in manufacturing to hold a workpiece in a specific position while it is being machined, ensuring accuracy and repeatability in the production process.四、论述题（每题15分，共15分）23. Discuss the importance of precision in mechanical engineering and how it affects the performance of a machine.答案：Precision in mechanical engineering is crucial asit ensures that components fit together correctly andfunction as intended. Inaccurate parts can lead to poor performance, increased wear, and even failure of the machine. Precision is achieved through the use of。

metal金属nonferrous非铁金属，有色金属ferrous黑色金属copper铜aluminum 铝strength强度hardness硬度corrode腐蚀foundry 铸造、铸造厂casting铸件、铸造pig iron 生铁drop forging 落锤锻tolerance公差furnace炉子pyrometer 高温计solder焊料weld焊接electrode 电极anneal退火Melting point熔点grinding 磨削加工tempering 回火quench 淬火、熄灭modulus 系数，模elasticity弹性elastic 弹性的mesh 啮合worm蜗杆spur gear直齿圆柱齿轮helical gear斜齿圆柱齿轮straight bevel 直齿锥齿轮worm gear 涡轮lubricant润滑剂pitch螺距lead 导程torque 扭矩rack齿条left hand threads左螺纹right hand threads 右螺纹cam凸轮follower 从动件pulley 滑轮belt 皮带critical 临界点woodruff key 半圆键cantilever 悬臂tepered key 锥形键washer 垫圈spring 弹簧screw 螺钉bolt螺栓coupling 联轴器nut 螺母chain 链条bearing 轴承rigid刚性的intensity [强度flexibility挠性inertia惯性tolerance公差pin-joint 铰接hinge 铰链brake制动器lathe 车床thread 螺纹drilling钻削boring 镗削milling铣削turning 切削friction 摩擦力chip 屑片external grinder 外圆磨床die 模具internal grinder 内圆磨床finish粗糙度surface grinder 平面磨床centerless grinder 无心磨床cutter grinder工具磨床wear 磨损refinement精加工roughing operations 粗加工twist drill麻花钻twist drill麻花钻trail 踪迹, 痕迹, 形迹jack 提高robotics机器人技术manipulator 操作者, 操纵者, 机械手binary二进位的, 二元的swarf金属屑rake angle前角rolling contact bearing滚动轴承sliding contact bearing滑动轴承angular contact bearing角接触轴承Read-only memory 只读存储器Hard automation刚性自动化Random access memory 随机存储Geometric modeling几何造型Engineering analysis工程分析Kinematics运动学Automatic drawing自动绘图numerical control数字控制factory Management工程管理Computer Numerical Control计算机数控Direct numerical control 直接数控User interface用户接口Knowledge base知识库（1）.cad，cam全称，功能Cad：Computer-aided design1. Geometric modeling 几何造型2. Engineering analysis 工程分析3. Kinematics运动学 4. Automated drafting 自动绘图Cam：computer-aided manufacturing1. Numerical control 数字控制2. Process planning 工艺加工过程 3. Robotics 机器人技术 4. Factory management 工厂管理（2）齿轮的种类：1.spur gear2.helical gear3.straight bevel（3）铸造工艺包括那几步：1. making molds2.preparing and melting the metal3. pouring the metal into the molds4. cleaning the castings.（4）列举几种常用的机械零部件：Gear key shafe screw bolt bearing（5）皮带传动是否精确为什么？not precise Belt depend on friction on the pulleys and some slippage is inherent in their operation.（6）道具磨损类型有哪些：1. Flank wear2. crater wear3.notch wear（7）钢的力学性能：(1) Strength 强度(in tension张力, compression压力, shear 剪切力and bending弯曲力) (2) Stiffness刚性(3)Ductility延展性(4) Impact strength 冲击强(5) Hardness硬度(6) Toughness韧性句子翻译1对于深沟球轴承沟槽的深度大约是球直径的1/4In deep-groove ball bearings, the races are approximately one fourth as deep as the ball diameter. 2.把金属件····焊接强度来决定There are a number of methods of joining metal articles together, depending on the type of metal and the strengthof the joint which is required.3.软钎焊·······的工艺Soldering is the process of joining two metals by a third metal to be applied in the molten state.4.力学性能是什么Mechanical properties are the characteristic responses of a material to applied forces.5.用于冷加工的机器叫做压力机The machine used for most cold-working operations is known as a press.6.切削刀具····The cutting tool must be made of an appropriate material; it must be strong, tough, hard, and wear resistant.7.铸造工艺···Foundry processes consist of making molds, preparing and melting the metal, pouring the metal into the molds, and cleaning the castings.。

机电专业英语期末复习试题一．选择题1. If all points in a linkage move in parallel planes the system undergoes plan ar motion and the linkage may be described as a ______ .A。

planar motion B. planar linkage C. joints D. slide2. Though frame material and design should handle damping,_____ are sometimes built into frame sections to handle specific problems.A 。

beams B. holes C。

dampers D。

screw3. The maximum allowable deflection of a shaft ______ determined by critical sp eed, gear，or bearing requirements。

A。

often B. must C。

was D. is usually4. We will have to _____ to better and better solutions as we generate more information。

A. repeat many times B。

iterating C。

iterate D。

try ways5。

If a product configuration is _______ specified and then examined to determ ine whether the performance requirements are met。

A。

finally B. tentatively C。

机电专业英语期末复习试题.doc 机电专业英语期末复习试题第⼀部分交际⽤语1.⼀What time does the train leave?A.On Tuesday.B.In the morning.C.At half past five.2?⼀She is talking to Mary.A.What is she doing right now?B.What does she do?C.What is she talking about?3.--Hello, Mary, how are you?A? Very good. Are you good?B.Hello, Rose, how do you do?C.Very well, thank you. And you?4.⼀- Excuse me, how do T get to the gym, please?A.You take the number 66 bus from the supermarket.You get off outside the supermarket.C. r d like to see them.She is talking to Mary.A.What is she doing right now?B.What does she do?C? What is she talking about?6?⼀⼀How long does it take from Beijng to Nanjing by train?A. Tt costs about 300 yuan.B? Tt takes about 11 hours.C? It/s not near enough.the phone.7. ⼀⼀Could you ring them up please? I'm sometimes quite nervous onA.Are you? I am fine?B.Yes, why don't you cal 1 them?C? Yes, of course. T wi 11 phone them for you.第⼆部分词汇与结构1.How about ---------- a taxi?C. taking2.T am getting too fat. T have to ----------------------- my weight.A. work offB. Work outC. work to3.------------------- a coffee machine in the room?A. Are thereB. Is there C? Have there4.Sally" s parents ---------come and stay with her next week.A. are goingB. are going toC. is going to5.T don， t like bondon. It is ----------Beijing.A. differenl as B? as different as C. different from6.The Business Banking Department is on ------------------- second floor.A. /B. aC. the7 1 Mark is responsible --------- t he international market.A. inB. forC. of8? Who is that man over there? Do you know ---------------- name?A. theirB. herC. his9.I, cl like to ----------- you to a party this Saturday. A- join B- invite C. leave10.Hurry up. We dor/ t have time.A. enoughB. manyC. too many11.1 am not feeling very well. 1 to see the doctor.A. need12.------ r ice do you want to buy?A. How manyB. How muchC. HOW13.----------------- 1 haver/ t got a car. ⼀Neither ------------- T.A. haveB. dOC. amA. snowB. snowsC. is snowing15.That is Xiaoyan" s desk and this is ----------------------- .A. my B? me C. mine16.He hasn‘ t got——cousins.A. anyB. someC. much17- ⼀--- wrong with your clock? ⼀It' s broken.A. HOW' SB. WhatsC. Where' s18.How often take the medicine?A. I shouldB. I should toC. should I19. ---- The classroom is not big enough for 50 students. ⼀Yes, 1 agree. It" sA. too smallB. no bigC. not small enough20.P 11 give——.A. the man the bookB. the book the manC. the book for the man21.HOW about ---------- a taxi?A. takeB. to takeC. taking22.I am getting too fat. I have to -------------------------- my weight.A. work offB. Work outC. work to23. ------------------- a coffee machine in the room?A. Are there B? Is there C. Have there24. Sally' s parents come and stay with her next week.A. are goingB. are going toC. is going to25. T don" t 1 ike London. Tt is Bei jing.A. different asB. as different asC. different from第三部分阅读理解26-30⼩题：阅读下列短⽂。

机械专业双语考试题库一、选择题（每题2分，共30分）1. 在机械设计中，哪一个因素是影响零件强度和刚度的主要因素？A. 材料选择B. 零件尺寸C. 加工精度D. 表面处理2. 机械加工中，切削速度的单位是什么？A. 米/秒（m/s）B. 转/分钟（rpm）C. 米/小时（km/h）D. 转/秒（r/s）3. 以下哪个是机械工程中常用的材料性能指标？A. 弹性模量B. 热膨胀系数C. 摩擦系数D. 所有选项都是4. 什么是机械传动中的基本传动方式？A. 齿轮传动B. 链条传动C. 皮带传动D. 所有选项都是5. 机械制图中，第一角投影法和第三角投影法的主要区别是什么？A. 视图的放置顺序B. 视图的数量C. 视图的方向D. 视图的标注方式6. 轴承的类型中，滚动轴承和滑动轴承的主要区别是什么？A. 摩擦系数B. 承载能力C. 制造成本D. 维护要求7. 什么是机械系统中的静平衡？A. 系统在运动过程中保持平衡B. 系统在静止状态下保持平衡C. 系统在受到外力作用下保持平衡D. 系统在任何状态下都保持平衡8. 机械设计中，如何确定零件的尺寸精度？A. 根据零件的功能要求B. 根据零件的材料特性C. 根据零件的加工工艺D. 所有选项都是9. 什么是机械制造中的热处理？A. 提高材料的硬度B. 改善材料的韧性C. 改变材料的微观结构D. 所有选项都是10. 在机械系统中，振动的原因可能是什么？A. 不平衡的旋转部件B. 轴承的磨损C. 齿轮的啮合误差D. 所有选项都是二、填空题（每空1分，共20分）11. 机械工程中的“三视图”包括______、______和______。

12. 机械加工中，工件的表面粗糙度用______表示，其单位是______。

13. 机械设计中，为了减少摩擦，通常采用______和______两种方法。

14. 机械系统中，传动效率是指______与______的比值。

15. 在机械制图中，尺寸线应与被标注的表面______，且尺寸线之间应保持______。

机工英语考试题库及答案一、单选题（每题2分，共40分）1. The machine is designed to operate at a speed of ________.A. 1000 rpmB. 1500 rpmC. 2000 rpmD. 2500 rpm答案：B2. The ________ of the engine is crucial for its performance.A. efficiencyB. capacityC. powerD. torque答案：A3. The ________ system is responsible for cooling the engine.A. lubricationB. exhaustC. coolingD. fuel答案：C4. The ________ is used to measure the temperature of the machine.A. thermometerB. ammeterC. voltmeterD. tachometer答案：A5. The ________ is a key component in the transmission system.A. clutchB. brakeC. gearD. belt答案：C6. The ________ is used to control the speed of the machine.A. governorB. regulatorC. controllerD. actuator答案：A7. The ________ is responsible for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.A. generatorB. motorC. alternatorD. transformer答案：A8. The ________ is used to reduce the speed of the machine.A. pulleyB. leverC. gearD. belt答案：C9. The ________ is used to measure the pressure of the machine.A. manometerB. barometerC. voltmeterD. ammeter答案：A10. The ________ is a type of bearing that allows for rotation.A. ball bearingB. roller bearingC. plain bearingD. thrust bearing答案：A11. The ________ is used to control the flow of fuel into the engine.A. carburetorB. injectorC. pumpD. filter答案：B12. The ________ is a type of valve that controls the flow of fluids.A. gate valveB. check valveC. globe valveD. butterfly valve答案：A13. The ________ is used to measure the electrical current in a circuit.A. voltmeterB. ammeterC. ohmmeterD. wattmeter答案：B14. The ________ is a type of joint that allows for limited movement.A. riveted jointB. welded jointC. bolted jointD. pinned joint答案：C15. The ________ is used to measure the electrical resistance in a circuit.A. voltmeterB. ammeterC. ohmmeterD. wattmeter答案：C16. The ________ is a type of bearing that operates on a sliding surface.A. ball bearingB. roller bearingC. plain bearingD. thrust bearing答案：C17. The ________ is used to measure the electrical power in a circuit.A. voltmeterB. ammeterC. ohmmeterD. wattmeter答案：D18. The ________ is a type of bearing that supports a rotating shaft.A. ball bearingB. roller bearingC. plain bearingD. thrust bearing答案：A19. The ________ is used to control the temperature of the machine.A. thermostatB. regulatorC. controllerD. actuator答案：A20. The ________ is a type of valve that prevents backflow of fluids.A. gate valveB. check valveC. globe valveD. butterfly valve答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）21. The ________ is a type of bearing that supports a rotating shaft and reduces friction.答案：ball bearing22. The ________ is used to convert the linear motion of a piston into the rotational motion of a crankshaft.答案：crankshaft23. The ________ is a type of valve that controls the flow of fluids by rotating a disc.答案：butterfly valve24. The ________ is used to measure the electrical voltage in a circuit.答案：voltmeter25. The ________ is a type of bearing that operates on a rolling element.答案：roller bearing26. The ________ is used to convert the rotational motion of a crankshaft into linear motion.答案：piston27. The ________ is a type of valve that controls the flow of fluids by sliding a gate.答案：gate valve28. The ________ is used to measure the electrical current in a circuit.答案：ammeter29. The ________ is a type of bearing that operates on a sliding surface and reduces friction.答案：plain bearing30. The ________ is used to measure the electrical resistance in a circuit.答案：ohmmeter三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）31. The governor is used to control the speed of the machine. (对/错)答案：对32. The clutch is a key component in the transmission system. (对/错)答案：对33. The pulley is used to increase the speed of the machine. (对/错)答案：错34. The ammeter is used to measure the electrical current in a circuit. (对/错)答案：对35. The generator is responsible for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy. (对/错)36. The carburetor is used to control the flow of fuel into the engine. (对/错)答案：对37. The thrust bearing is used to support a rotating shaft. (对/错)答案：错38. The voltmeter is used to measure the electrical voltage in a circuit. (对/错)答案：对39. The gate valve is a type of valve that controls the flow of fluids by rotating a disc. (对/错)答案：错40. The ohmmeter is used to measure the electrical resistance in a circuit. (对/错)四、简答题（每题10分，共20分）41. Explain the function of a thermostat in a machine.答案：A thermostat is a temperature control device that regulates the temperature of a machine by controlling the flow of coolant. It maintains the engine at an optimal operating temperature by opening or closing the cooling system's flow path as needed.42. Describe the purpose of a regulator in an electrical circuit.答案：A regulator in an electrical circuit is a device that maintains a constant voltage level by adjusting the output voltage to compensate for changes in load or input voltage. It ensures that the voltage supplied to the circuit remains stable and within the desired range, preventing damage to sensitive electronic components.。

机械专业英语期末考试题及答案一．词汇翻译画法几何descriptive geometry机械制图Mechanical drawing投影projection视图view剖视图profile chart标准件standard component零件图part drawing装配图assembly drawing尺寸标注size marking技术要求technical requirements主轴spindle主轴箱headstock卡盘chuck加工中心machining center车刀lathe tool车床lathe钻削镗削bore车削turning磨床grinder基准benchmark钳工locksmith机螺纹thread电一体化mechanotronics mechanical-electrical integration精加工finish machining粗加工rough machining变速箱体gearbox casing表面粗糙度surface roughness二．将下列短语译成汉语1.the fatigue loading（疲劳载荷）2.the radial loads（径向负荷）3.the thrust loads逆负荷4.the ball bearing球轴承5.the roller bearing滚子轴承6.the single-row bearings单沟轴承7.the double-row bearing双沟轴承8.the needle bearing滚针轴承9.the bearing life轴承寿命10.The rating life额定寿命11.the axis of rotation旋转轴12.The helix angle螺旋角13.a right-hand helix 右旋14.a left-hand helix左旋15.an involute helicoids螺旋面16.an involute curve渐开线17.the shaft centerlines轴中心线18.worm gear蜗轮19.the hypoid gear准双曲面齿轮20.right angle直角21.worm gearing蜗杆传动22.the lead angle导角23.shaft angle轴线角度24.bending load弯曲载荷25.tension load张力负荷pression load压缩负载27.torsional load扭转负荷28.the bending moment弯矩29.the bending stress弯曲应力30.30.four-bar linkage（四连杆机构）三．翻译下列句子1. The simplest closed-loop linkage is the four-bar linkage, which has three moving links (plus one fixed link) and four pin joints.（最简单的封闭式的连杆机构就是四杆机构，四杆机构有三个运动构件（加上一个固定构件）并且有四个销轴。

复习1.词汇力驱动装置金属的力学性能动能计算机辅助设计齿轮悬架系统回火热处理配合表面板簧悬架系统材料力学啮合面滑动轴承可调性非线性关系缓冲弹簧耐久性惯性基本功能材料力学模数耐久性线性关系力偶动量mating surface Momentum tempering heat dealing gear suspension system computer-aided design power-driven device mechanical properties of metals roller bearing cam mechanism：statics mechanic be proportional toV belt and pulley operating condition Keyway rigid body torsional strength Rectangular shaft hot rolled be inherent in torsional stiff engineering mechanics be proportional to Interactive take into account functional requirement Bolt in serious situation biaxial axes2、语法用介词短语来代替状语从句1.While it is being compacted, considerable lateral横(向)的pressure is exertedby concrete.2.If pressure is constant, gases will expand when heated.3.If values of W are small, the impedance of the capacitor is large relative to R.4.When temperatures are greater than 60℃，this equation does not apply.5.While it is being compacted, considerable lateral pressure is exerted byconcrete.名词短语代替状语从句6.If the diode is analyzed physically, it can be shown that7.In this case electrons will possess more energy, so that the brightness of the spotcan be increased.将下列的定语从句改为短语1.Some water which has been distilled2.A bridge which has been incorrectly designed3.The substances which are not known4.A problem which has still not been solved5.Satellites which are made by man6.Signals which are modulated in amplitude振幅7.Steel which is plated with chromium铬8.Pumps which are driven by wind9.The instruments which are used10.The number of mistakes which have been found11.The new cars which are used for racing12.Paper which is used for drawing13.Bodies which fall freely14.A country which produces oil15.The point at which it boils16.Material which is tested in this way17.Paper which has blue lines18.A saw which has wide teeth19.A triangle which has acute angles掌握句子中的被动语态形式It is thought that he is an honest man。

机械英语考试试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The term "mechanical engineering" refers to:A. The study of machinesB. The design and manufacture of mechanical systemsC. The operation of machineryD. The maintenance of mechanical equipment答案：B2. What is the function of a bearing in a mechanical system?A. To reduce frictionB. To increase efficiencyC. To provide powerD. To transmit motion答案：A3. The process of converting thermal energy into mechanical energy is known as:A. ElectrificationB. CombustionC. ThermodynamicsD. Hydrodynamics答案：C4. In mechanical design, the principle of "KISS" stands for:A. Keep It Simple, StupidB. Keep It Short and SimpleC. Keep It Simple and SafeD. Keep It Simple, Smart答案：A5. A gear train is used to:A. Change the direction of motionB. Increase the speed of rotationC. Decrease the speed of rotationD. All of the above答案：D6. What does CAD stand for in mechanical engineering?A. Computer-Aided DesignB. Computer-Aided DraftingC. Computer-Aided DevelopmentD. Computer-Aided Diagnostics答案：A7. The SI unit for force is:A. NewtonB. JouleC. PascalD. Watt答案：A8. What is the purpose of a flywheel in a mechanical system?A. To store energyB. To increase speedC. To reduce noiseD. To dissipate heat答案：A9. The term "hydraulics" is associated with the study of:A. Fluid dynamicsB. Solid mechanicsC. Structural analysisD. Thermal engineering答案：A10. The process of cutting a material to a specific shape is known as:A. MachiningB. CastingC. ForgingD. Extrusion答案：A二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）11. The formula for calculating the moment of a force is \( F \times d \), where \( F \) is the force and \( d \) is the_______.答案：distance from the pivot12. A _______ is a device that converts linear motion into rotational motion.答案：crank13. In a four-stroke internal combustion engine, the four strokes are intake, compression, _______, and exhaust.答案：power14. The _______ of a material is its ability to resist deformation under load.答案：stiffness15. The term "overhaul" in mechanical maintenance refers to a thorough inspection and _______ of a machine or its parts.答案：repair16. The _______ of a machine is the study of how forces act on and within a body.答案: statics17. A _______ is a type of machine that uses a screw to convert rotational motion into linear motion.答案：screw jack18. The _______ of a system is the point around which the system rotates.答案：pivot19. The _______ of a lever is the ratio of the effort arm to the load arm.答案：mechanical advantage20. The _______ is a type of bearing that allows for rotation with minimal friction.答案：ball bearing三、简答题（每题5分，共30分）21. Explain the difference between static and dynamic equilibrium in mechanical systems.答案：Static equilibrium refers to a state where the net force and net moment acting on a body are zero, resulting in no acceleration. Dynamic equilibrium occurs when the net force is zero, but the body is in motion with constant velocity.22. What is the purpose of a clutch in a vehicle?答案：A clutch is used to engage and disengage the power transmission from the engine to the transmission system, allowing the vehicle to start, stop, and change gears smoothly.23. Describe the function of a governor in an engine.答案：A governor is a device that automatically controls the speed of an engine by regulating the fuel supply or the valve settings, ensuring the engine operates within safespeed limits.24. What are the three primary types of joints in structural engineering?答案：The three primary types of joints are pinned joints, fixed joints, and sliding joints, each serving different purposes in connecting and supporting structural elements.25. Explain the。