2020年1月全国自考试题及答案解析综合英语二试卷及答案解析

2020年山东英语二自考真题及答案1、Jim wants to hang out with his friends at night, but his parents don’t allow him ______ so. （）[单选题] *A. doB. doneC. to do(正确答案)D. doing2、The classmates can' t（）Alice from her twin sister. [单选题] *A. speakB. tell(正确答案)C. talkD. say3、____ of my parents has been to my school, so they know _____ of my classmates. [单选题] *A. Neither, none(正确答案)B. No one, noneC. None, no oneD. Neither, no one4、Tom and Mary's house bought last year is（）Lucy, s. [单选题] *A. the three size ofB. three times the size of(正确答案)C. as three times large asD. three times as larger as5、I think _______ is nothing wrong with my car. [单选题] *A. thatB. hereC. there(正确答案)D. where6、My sister _______ listen to music when she was doing her homework．[单选题] *A. used to(正确答案)B. use toC. is used toD. uses to7、76．—Could you tell me ________the bank?—Turn right and it's on your right. [单选题]* A．how get toB．how to getC．how getting toD．how to get to(正确答案)8、He doesn’t feel well. He has a _______ nose. [单选题] *A. runingB. rainingC. runny(正确答案)D. rainy9、Don’t read in bed. It’s _______ your eyes. [单选题] *A. good atB. good forC. bad atD. bad for(正确答案)10、73．The moonlight goes ____ the window and makes the room bright. [单选题] * A．acrossB．through(正确答案)C．overD．in11、Her （）for writing was that she wished women to get the right to higher education. [单选题] *A. motivation(正确答案)B. motivateC. effectD. concentration12、Is there going to ______ a football match in the stadium next month?（）[单选题] *A. beingB. haveC. be(正确答案)D. having13、( )He gave us____ on how to keep fit. [单选题] *A. some advicesB. some advice(正确答案)C. an adviceD. a advice14、I haven’t met him _____ the last committee meeting. [单选题] *A. forB. since(正确答案)C. atD. before15、Customers see location as the first factor when_____a decision about buying a house. [单选题] *A.makeB.to makeC.making(正确答案)D.made16、____ China is ____ old country with ____ long history. [单选题] *A. /, an, a(正确答案)B. The, an, aC. /, an, /D. /, the, a17、6．—How can we get to the school?—________ bus. [单选题] *A．ToB．OnC．By(正确答案)D．At18、_______ your help, I can’t finish my job. [单选题] *A. withB. without(正确答案)C. inD. into19、We ______ boating last weekend.（）[单选题] *A. goB. went(正确答案)C. are goingD. will go20、The reason why I didn't attend the lecture was simply（）I got a bad cold that day. [单选题] *A. becauseB. asC. that(正确答案)D. for21、Ships can carry more goods than _____ means of transport. [单选题] *A. the otherB. anotherC. any other(正确答案)D. any22、Bill Gates is often thought to be the richest man in the world. _____, his personal life seems not luxury. [单选题] *A. MoreoverB. ThereforeC. However(正确答案)D. Besides23、So many people will _______ to their work after the Spring Festival. [单选题] *A. get inB. get onC. get offD. get back(正确答案)24、A?pen _______ writing. [单选题] *A. is used toB. used toC. is used for(正确答案)D. used for25、You can buy some pieces of bread from "_______". [单选题] *A. Bakery(正确答案)B. Travel AgencyC. LaundryD. Ticket Office26、I’d like to know the _______ of the club. [单选题] *A. schedule(正确答案)B. schoolC. menuD. subject27、-We’ve spent too much money recently–well,it isn’t surprising. Our friend and relatives_______around all the time [单选题] *ingB. had comeC. were comingD have been coming(正确答案)28、Mrs. Green has given us some _______ on how to study English well. [单选题] *A. practiceB. newsC. messagesD. suggestions(正确答案)29、I didn't hear _____ because there was too much noise where I was sitting. [单选题] *A. what did he sayB. what he had said(正确答案)C. what he was sayingD. what to say30、Mike and his friend are going to the _______ to see the new action movie tonight. [单选题] *A. book shopB. restaurantC. concertD. cinema(正确答案)。

综合英语二自考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of modern communication?A. SpeedB. AccuracyC. UniversalityD. Complexity2. The word "serendipity" is most closely associated with which of the following?A. A type of musical instrumentB. A discovery by accidentC. A historical eventD. A geographical location3. In a sentence, the past perfect tense is used to indicate that an action was completed:A. Before another action in the pastB. At the same time as another action in the pastC. After another action in the pastD. None of the above4. The phrase "break the ice" is commonly used to describe which of the following actions?A. Starting a fireB. Cooling down a heated argumentC. Initiating a conversationD. Halting a conversation abruptly5. Which of the following is the correct superlative form of the adjective "happy"?A. happiestB. most happyC. very happyD. happyest6. The word "quarantine" is often used in the context of:A. A party with a specific themeB. A period of isolation due to health concernsC. A type of military trainingD. A method of preparing food7. "Sustainable development" refers to development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This concept is most closely related to:A. EconomicsB. EcologyC. TechnologyD. Politics8. The correct preposition to use when talking about the time of day is:A. atB. onC. inD. by9. Which of the following is the correct use of the word "irregardless"?A. I will go to the party irregardless of the weather.B. She used the word "irregardless" incorrectly in her essay.C. Irregardless of the difficulties, he continued his research.D. The word "irregardless" is not a real word.10. The phrase "to put all your eggs in one basket" means:A. To take a risk by relying on a single plan or strategyB. To cook many eggs at onceC. To prepare for an Easter celebrationD. To diversify your investments答案：1-5 D B A A A6-10 B A A D A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. The __________ (opposite of 'beginning') of the story was quite predictable.答案：end12. She has a __________ (ability to speak before many people without fear) when giving presentations.答案：confidence13. The __________ (person who takes care of plants) ensures that the garden looks its best all year round.答案：gardener14. The __________ (study of the stars and planets) hasalways fascinated him.答案：astronomy15. The company's __________ (a plan or method for achievinga particular goal) was to increase sales by 20%.答案：strategy16. The __________ (a person who is the first to do something) of the new project was given a bonus by the company.答案：pioneer17. The __________ (a person who is not honest) was caught trying to sell fake jewelry.答案：fraud18. The __________ (a person who is very careful with money) decided to save rather than spend during the sale.答案：miser19. The __________ (a person who is not easily pleased) found fault with every aspect of the service.答案：critic20. The __________ (a person who is always in a hurry) wasthe first to arrive and the last to leave.答案：busybody三、阅读理解（每题3分，共30分）阅读下面的文章，回答问题。

2020年普通⾼等学校招⽣全国统⼀考试英语试题（全国卷2,含答案）（2）2020年普通⾼等学校招⽣全国统⼀考试英语试题（全国卷2）（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考⽣务必将⾃⼰的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上⽆效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡⼀并交回。

第⼀部分听⼒（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录⾳内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第⼀节（共5⼩题；每⼩题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下⾯5短对话，每段对话后有⼀个⼩题，从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关⼩题和阅读下⼀⼩题。

每段对话仅读⼀遍。

例：How much is the shirt？A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.1.What does John find difficult in learning German？A.Pronunciation.B.Vocabulary.C.Grammar.2.What is the probable relationship between the speakers？A.Colleagues.B.Brother and sister.C.Teacher and student.3.Where does the conversation probably take place？A. In a bank.B. At a ticket office.C. On a train.4. What are the speakers talking about？A.A restaurant.B.A street.C.A dish.5.What does the woman think of her interview？A.It was tough.B.It was interesting.C.It was successful.第⼆节（共15⼩题；每⼩题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下⾯5段对话或独⽩，每段对话或独⽩后有⼏个⼩题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。

全国2018年1月自考综合英语(二)试卷课程代码：00795请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上I．语法、词汇。

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个正确答案，并填在答题纸相应的位置上。

（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer．(15 points)1. We love peace，but we don’t yield _____any military threat.A. upB. toC. inD. at2. Do you know why Bill didn’t _____at the meeting yesterday evening?A. show offB. show downC. show upD. show in3. When the boss retired，his daughter _____his business.A. took upB. took overC. took onD. took out4. Only residents here call enjoy the _____of using this parking lot.A. privilegeB. possibilityC. favorD. right5. The new students should try their best to _____to the new school environment.A. adoptB. adaptC. adeptD. apt6. Only that young girl _____the car accident.A. survived afterB. survived throughC. were survivedD. survived7. There is no _____to the garden from the main road.A. avenueB. exposure1C. edgeD. access8. Every girl should _____the temptation to buy clothes which they could not afford.A. challengeB. resistC. contradictedD. obstructed9. There were many people in the zoo but the little leopard just appeared a few minutes，so they only caughta ____of it.A. glimpseB. glanceC. lookD. sight10. The skirt had been so ______in packing that the shop-assistant had to iron it before selling it out.A. fadedB. tornC. dirtyD. crumpled11. Several TV programs in CCTV have been changed and _____ of them.A. so the hosts haveB. the hosts have soC. so have the hostsD. have the hosts so12. The thief was arrested by the policemen ______.A. at the spotB. on the spotC. for the spotD. in the spot13. The children, ______, were allowed to leave the table.A. to eat their fillB. had eaten the fillC. having eaten their fillD. have been eaten their fill14. I wish I ______ how to repair this tape-recorder. If I did, I _____to turn to him for help.A. know, wouldn’t haveB. knew, would haveC. knew, wouldn’t haveD. know, would have15. The government has imposed a fine _______ illegal parking.A. forB. overC. onD. toII. 完形填空。

全国2018年1月高等教育自学考试综合英语（二）试题课程代码：00795Ⅰ.语法、词汇。

用适当的词填空。

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个正确答案，并填在答题纸相应的位置上。

（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer.(20 points)1．Her devotion ______ the cause of education is a great encouragement to all of us.A．to B．forC．by D．in2．Susan prides herself ______ her ability to remain calm when trouble suddenly happens. A．of B．withC．for D．on3．After his illness, he was advised to ______ gardening as a hobby.A．turn into B．take upC．enter D．engage4．I’m sorry I cannot see you immediately; but if you’d like to take a seat, I’ll be with you ______.A．for a moment B．in a momentC．for the moment D．at the moment5．The shy girl felt ______ and uncomfortable when she couldn’t answer her teacher’s questions. A．amazed B．awkwardC．curious D．amused6．We had to ______ a lot of noise when the children were at home.A．go in for B．hold on toC．put up with D．keep pace7．I’m terribly sorry to keep you ______ so long.A．waiting B．waitC．to wait D．from waiting8．The tradition has been ______ since the ancient times.A．passed by B．passed on1C．passed to D．passed down9．It was difficult to ______ what was said over the loudspeaker in the square. A．make off B．make upC．make out D．make away10．I always have a dictionary within arm’s ______.A．touch B．reachC．range D．distance11．A man should be judged ______his deeds, not his words.A．according to B．inC．from D．by12．The criminal was ______ of committing theft.A．accused B．preventedC．kept D．separate13．Mother and father were invited to the party, but ______ of them came.A．either B．noneC．both D．neither14．Her car ______ so she had to come by bus.A．turn down B．fell inC．broke down D．broke up15．Wipe the dust ______ the furniture.A．off B．withC．onto D．out of16．Although he lives quite a distance away from my home, ______ he pays me a visit. A．then and now B．here and thereC．now and then D．when and then17．Only in the spring ______ .A．the flowers do bloom B．the flowers bloomC．the flowers can bloom D．do the flowers bloom18．The clock ______ three and we could go home now.A．fight B．struck2C．ring D．sounded19．The farmer built fences to ______ the boundaries of his land.A．mark B．signalC．have D．make20．When the class was over, we went back to our ______ dormitories.A．complacent B．respectableC．respective D．respectfulⅡ.完形填空。

全国高等教育自学考试试题英语（二）试题第一部分：阅读判断（第1～10题，每题1分，共10分）下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C，并将所选答案的代码（指A、B或C）填在答题纸的相应位置上。

The Stranger Who Changed My LifeIt was a sunny morning in the spring of 1966. I was driving a taxi，looking for a customer. While passing New York Hospital，l found a man running down the hospital steps，waving at me.I stopped. The man reached the taxi and jumped in. “ The Airport，please，“ he said. As always，I wondered about my passenger. Was this man a talker? After a few moments，he started saying，“How do you like driving a taxi?”‘s i t’ s OK，”I said. “I make a living and meet interesting people sometimes.”“ What do you do?” I asked.“I am a doctor at New York Hospital. ”Many times during long rides，l’d developed a good relationship with my passengers and received very good advice from them. This time I decided to ask for his help，”Could I ask a favor of you?”He didn't answer. “I have a son，15，a good kid. He wants a job this summer. is it possible that you get one for him?”He still wasn't talking, and I was starting to feel foolish. Finally, he said, “ Well, my students have a summer research project. Maybe he could join in. Have him send me his school record. ”He left his address and paid me. It was the last time I ever saw him.Robbie sent off his grades the next morning. And gradually this incident was forgotten. Two weeks later, when I arrived home from work, Robbie handed me a letter. He was informed to call Dr. Plum for an interview.Robbie got the job. The following summer, Robbie worked at the hospital again, but this time, he was given more responsibility. Then, he worked at the hospital for a third summer and gradually developed a love of medical profession.Near graduating from college, Robbie applied to and was admitted to New York Medical College. After getting his medical degree, Robbie, the son of a taxi driver, became a doctor at Columbia Medical Center.1. The doctor shouted at the taxi driver for a ride.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given2. The doctor wanted to go to the railway station by taxi.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given3. The taxi driver liked talking with his customers.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given4. The taxi driver had two children.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given5. The taxi driver became Dr. Plum' s friend.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given6. The doctor wrote a recommendation letter for Robbie.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given7. Robbie joined in a summer research project.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given8. Robbie gradually got interested in medicine.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given9. Robbie finally became a doctor at New York Hospital.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given10. Big opportunities can come out of ordinary meetings.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given第二部分：阅读选择（第11～15题，每题2分，共10分）Talk to Your Kids about Their Eating Habits CarefullyWeight is never an easy subject. It can be risky for parents to raise the issue of eating habits and weight with their kids.“No kid ever lost weight because his mother told him he was fat,” a friend told me when I was worried about my son’s weight.It turns out she was right, according to a new study. The study was directed by Dr. Berge at University of Minnesota. She found that kids whose parents discussed eating in a healthy way were les. s likely to have eating problems. But 64% of the kids whose parents focused on their weight turned to unhealthy eating behaviors. Some kids went on extreme diets, and others even ate no food. So eating disorders were caused. Things were worse when fathers joined in the discussions with their daughters and focused on weight. “Fathers should never comment on their daughters’weight,” says Berge.Instead, she suggests, fathers should focus on their daughters' interests. That can help them feel loved and confident enough to work on their weight issues.How should parents talk to kids about. eating behaviors? According to Berge, they should avoid focusing on how much their kids weigh. They should talk to them about being healthy. Don't compare them with others. Ideally, both parents should share the responsibility. If that' s not possible, choose the parent whose words cause the least amount of stress and who demonstrates healthy eating.11. The writer' s friend advised her not to .A. worrv about her son's weightB. take the risk of gaining weightC. change her own eating habitsD. talk to her son about his weight12. The study found that some kids had fewer eating problems because they ________.A. learned to eat healthilyB. took part in the studyC. focused on their weightD. believed the scientists13. When told about their fatness, some kids _____________.A. felt helplessB. became angryC. began to eat no foodD. refused to take any advice14. If a father focuses on his daughter' s interests, she will feel ____________.A. amusedB. encouragedC. surprisedD. challenged15. When taking to their kids about eating behaviors, parents should ______________.A. focus on being healthyB. use short and simple wordsC. respect their kids' viewsD. compare their kids with others第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第16～25题，每题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务：(1)从第16—20题后所给的6个选项中为第①~⑤段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)从第21~ 25题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子，并将所选答案的代码（指A、B、C、D、E或F）填在答题纸的相应位.Plagiarism（剽窃）①You just found some good .stuff on the Web for your science report. You copy a paragraph and paste it into your report. Then you continue your research. But you just made a big mistake. You committed plagiarism. Plagiarism is when you use someone else' s words or ideas and pretend that they are yours. It' s not allowed in school, college, or beyond.②The word" plagiarism" comes from Latin. It means stealing a person' s ideas. But it' s not always easy to tell what is plagiarism and what is not. Sometimes, it's accidental. You really intended to do your own work, yet ended up with some sentences that sound just like something you’ve read.③Though plagiarism can be accidental, it's sometimes done on purpose. That' s just being lazy. By copying whole paragraphs from different places, you don't have to spend the time thinking about the subject, gathering your own thoughts about it, and then putting them into original words. Cut, paste, and you’re done.④Most schools are pretty strict about plagiarism, If you’re caught, your graduation will be delayed or worse. At the very least, you’re probably going to fail the assignment. When you’re older and in college, some schools will kick out students who plag iarize. When you’re kicked out of one college, it can be hard to get into another.⑤To be on the safe side, always make it clear where the information comes from. You need to write references. That’s a list of the sources you used for a project or report. To do that, you’re need to know the author, the title, and the date it was published. If you write something really great, maybe some day someone will quote you in a report.Task 116. Paragraph①:17. Paragraph②:1 8. Paragraph③:19. Paragraph④:20. Paragraph⑤:Task 221. You commit plagiarism when you ________22. Sometimes it is hard to tell whether_________23. Copying whole paragraphs can ____________.24. Once caught for plagiarism,_______________25. If you publish something great, people may____.第四部分：填句补文（第26～30题，每题2分，共10分）下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并将所选答案的代码（指A、B、C、D、E或F）填在答题纸的相应位置上。

绝密★启用前2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷II）英语注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C。

1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a library.B. In a bookstore.C. In a classroom.2. How does the woman feel now?A. Relaxed.B. Excited.C. Tired.3. How much will the man pay?A. $520.B. $80.C. $100.4. What does the man tell Jane to do?A. Postpone his appointment.B. Meet Mr. Douglas.C. Return at 3 o’clock.5. Why would David quit his job?A. To go back to school.B. To start his own firm.C. To work for his friend.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

全国2018年1月高等教育自学考试英语阅读（二）试题课程代码：00596I. Reading Comprehension. (50 points, 2 points for each)Directions: In this part of the test, there are five passages. Following each passage, there are five questions with four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and then write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.Two decades ago, the channels that separate the Adriatic Islands were brimming with giant blue-fin tuna, a species so plentiful that tourists used to climb ladders by the sea to watch the schools swim by.Today, these majestic predators are rarely, if ever, caught. The catches have dropped by 80 percent over the past few years, even for high-tech trawlers that now comb remote corners of the sea in search of the hard-to-find fish.“This is past the alarm stage,”said Simon Cripps, director of the global marine program at the World Wildlife Fund. “We are seeing a complete collapse of the tuna population. It could disappear and never come back.”The group is urging the European Union to impose an immediate fishing moratorium until the international body that regulates tuna catches meets in Dubrovnik, Croatia, in November.Many edible fish stocks in the Mediterranean and its extension, the Adriatic, have sharply declined in the past decade because of pollution and intensive fishing, including crayfish and John Dory, according to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. In Croatia, much of the fish eaten at seaside resorts is imported from as far away as the United States.But it is the blue-fin tuna that is in crisis, thanks to a new and lucrative European network of fishing and fish farming companies that provide the prized fish to sushi and sashimi markets in Japan. With tuna prices going as high as $15 a pound in Tokyo, European trawlers fish for tuna aggressively and illegally, far exceeding international quotas meant to protect the species, scientists said. Compounding the problem is the recent development of tuna fattening farms in Croatia, Spain, Turkey and other Mediterranean countries.1Now, even small juvenile tuna, captured in the few corners of the Mediterranean where the species still breeds or even from the Atlantic, can be brought to the vast underwater cages that line the Croatian coast, where they are fed for months or years until they are ready for market. And so, though few tuna are in Croatia’s seas and none are in its restaurants, tuna is one of this country’s most lucrative food exports. One hundred percent of Croatia’s tuna is farm-fattened, ending up as toro—precious, fatty raw tuna.Questions 1-5 are based on Passage One.1. In the second paragraph, “these majestic predators”refer to ______.A. big fishB. blue-fin tunaC. crayfishD. fish that eat other fishes2. Blue-fin tuna is in crisis because ______.A. fishing companies catch the fish to-excess for moneyB. it takes a long time for small tuna to grow upC. there is no law to protect this speciesD. the natural environment worsens3. Which of the following statements is true?A. Tuna is a typical dish on Croatian dinner table.B. Europe consumes most of the tuna Croatia exports.C. There are large amounts of tuna in the Mediterranean area.D. Small tuna are kept at the Croatia’s coast and fed to be sold.4. The author points out that ______.A. intensive fishing causes sharp decline of the fish stockB. it is quite difficult to catch tuna in the Mediterranean seasC. Croatia doesn’t really need to import fishD. tuna is the most expensive fish on market5. “One hundred percent of Croatia’s tuna is farm-fattened”. This means that Croatia’s tuna are ______.A. fed and fattened by cropsB. of first class qualityC. kept and fed to larger sizeD. very fat2Passage TwoA college education can be very costly in the United States, especially at a private school. Rising costs have led more and more families to borrow money to help pay for college.There are different federal loans and private loans for students and parents. Interest rates on some of these loans will go up on July 1st. As borrowing has increased, there are growing concerns that many students graduate with too much debt. In 1993, less than one-half of graduates from four-year colleges had student loans. Now two-thirds of them do. Their average loan debt when they graduate is nineteen thousand dollars. At public universities, the average is seventeen thousand dollars.The Project on Student Debt is an action group that collects these numbers from reports. It notes that averages do not present the full picture. For example, in 2004, one-fourth of students with loans graduated more than twenty-five thousand dollars in debt. And that did not include borrowing by their parents. The Project on Student Debt says parents as well as students are borrowing more to pay for college. Students can expect to take about ten years to pay back their loans. Repayment does not begin until after they are out of school.Higher borrowing limits have also helped push up student debts. Students from all economic levels are borrowing more. Corrected for inflation, student loans have increased around sixty percent in ten years.Researchers say one effect is that the higher the debts, the more likely graduates are to look only for high paying jobs. That means there is less chance they will take jobs in areas like teaching or other public service. A study done in 2002 for a major student lender found that debts can also affect lives in other ways. Some students paying back their college loans said they delayed buying their first house. Some delayed marriage or having children.In May, groups representing students, parents and college officials asked the government to change some of its loan repayment rules. The requested changes would recognize graduates who have difficulty repaying their loans because they do not earn very much. They would be able to pay less fight after they graduate, then pay more as their earnings increase.Questions 6-10 are based on Passage Two.6. According to the passage, one may expect that young people graduate with a debt may ______.3A. be looked down upon by othersB. never be able to get rid of itC. avoid starting a family very earlyD. not have to repay all their debts7. Which of the following is NOT true about student loans?A. Higher tuition fees give rise to student loan.B. Students from well-off families don’t borrow money.C. Higher borrowing limits allow students to loan more money.D. It may take quite a long time for graduates to repay their debts.8. Groups representing students, parents and college officials appealed to the government to ______.A. raise graduates’ pay at workB. provide more loan options for studentsC. cut down the amount that students have to repayD. allow graduates to gradually increase their repayment9. The passage is a(n) ______.A. statement of factsB. argument against high student loansC. comment on a controversial issueD. suggestion about student loans10. Which can be the best title for the passage?A. Costly Education, Heavier BurdenB. Fresh out of College, and in DebtC. Efforts to Finance College EducationD. Graduates Expect Lower RepaymentPassage ThreeOn the New York Mercantile Exchange, oil prices broke the record of $76.70 a barrel set just Thursday. The new price of oil for delivery in August shot to $77.95 before finishing the day at $77.03.While $80-a-barrel oil seemed like a skeptic’s worst-case outlook a few months ago, oil traders are increasingly saying that it is now just a matter of time before prices cross that threshold. Oil futures contracts for delivery beyond this summer passed $80 a barrel for the first time on Thursday.4“The feeling is that we’re in a fairly bullish market right now,”said Antoine Halff, head of research at Fimat. “Gasoline demand over the last few weeks has been very robust. Perhaps the bigger issue on top of that is geopolitics. And clearly the market is very jittery about what’s going on in Israel.”Oil markets are typically sensitive to any political instability in the Middle East. Recently, they have been unsettled by Israeli military incursions into Gaza and then, this week, Lebanon. So, a market already worried about the potential for conflict with Iran and North Korea over their nuclear programs is growing even more anxious. William Rhodes, chief investment strategist at Rhodes Analytics, said, “People are scared, that’s the bottom line.”The Commerce Department said that retail sales fell by 0.1 percent in June, seasonally adjusted, the first drop since February. A University of Michigan survey that showed falling consumer confidence was one of the reasons.How resilient consumer spending proves to be is something that will continue to factor heavily into stock performance. Most economists believe that consumers will curb their spending somewhat as the year goes on, and economic growth is expected to slow. But there is disagreement over how much spending will slow.“The persistence of high gasoline prices, coupled with lower equity prices and lower consumer sentiment, will restrain the growth of real consumer spending in the second half of 2006,”Brian Bethune, an analyst with Global Insight, wrote yesterday in a report about the retail sales numbers. But many analysts noted that the month’s decline in retail sales was exaggerat ed by poor car sales, and said that consumers were likely to keep shopping for other goods.Even though the market swooned this week, analysts said that there were no signs yet that the drop was part of a larger unraveling of the economy.Questions 11-15 are based on Passage Three.11. According to the passage, which is NOT one of the factors that cause the oil price to rise?A. There is a large market demand.B. There is a shortage of oil reserve.C. Political situation is instable in the Middle East.D. Consumers worry about the high rise of oil price.12. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.5A. political instability strongly influences oil marketB. price of oil for delivery has already hit $80 a barrelC. oil market is bullish because more people are buying carsD. economy will be seriously affected by the rising oil price13. By “bottom line”, William Rhodes means ______.A. oil is sold at $76.70 a barrelB. oil is sold at $80 a barrelC. oil retail price gradually goes downD. people fear for worse political situation14. The passage indicates that retail sales dropped, because ______.A. gasoline price was highB. dollar value increasedC. people wanted to protect the environmentD. there was not enough stock of gasoline on market15. The author’s tone is ______.A. worriedB. negativeC. objectiveD. cautiousPassage FourAbout 60 million Americans regularly suffer from insomnia, either because they are taking medication, or experiencing pain, or not eating right. Or — according to Russell Rosenberg, who directs the Sleep Medicine Institute in Atlanta, Georgia — simply because they are living in the modern world.“It’s a 24/7 society now. That is, you have Internet 24 [hours], 7 [days a week], television, radio. Everything can keep you distracted from the time you need to sleep. Plus, people are working harder, working more jobs, trying to squeeze in more family-time, more leisure-time and so forth, and so there’s only so much time to do all the things we want to do in one particular day.”According to an annual poll conducted by the National Sleep Foundation, in 2005, 75 percent of Americans experienced sleeping problems ranging from minor and transient to severe6and chronic. That is up from 62 percent in 1999, when the NSF first conducted its poll.The number of Americans turning to prescription sleep aids for help has gone up even more dramatically: nearly 60 percent over the past five years. American pharmacists filled about 42 million sleeping pill prescriptions last year, and most of them were for either Ambien or Lunesta, two recent additions to the sleep aid market.These drugs are not believed to be habit-forming, and they don’t seem to have the same liver-damaging side-effects that earlier sleep aids had. At the same time, there is some evidence that these new sleeping pills may not be completely harmless.Sleep experts also recommend their patients with what is known as “cognitive behavioral therapy,”or CBT. It is a form of psychotherapy that tries to change the way a patient thinks, feels, and acts about sleep.It doesn’t yield immediate results, though, and in many parts of the country, it is unavailable. There are only about 200 clinicians worldwide who have extensive CBT training in the area of sleep. That is part of the reason prescription drugs have become so popular.But the biggest reason, says Gregg Jacobs, an assistant professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, is marketing. “You’ll see their ads every night on television now. They’re the most frequent drug ads on TV. As a result, people around the United States —and soon around the world —are being given the message that you can take a sleeping pill, and it will cure your insomnia. And when people hear that, they rush out to buy this pill.”Questions 16-20 are based on Passage Four.16. Which is the topic of the passage?A. Cures for insomnia.B. Drug companies’ strategies.C. Harms caused by sleeping pills.D. Sleeping problem in the US.17. According to the passage, Ambien and Lunesta are ______.A. sleeping clinicsB. sleep expertsC. sleeping pillsD. symptoms of insomnia18. According to the passage, people who take the new sleeping pills may ______.A. feel sleepy during working hoursB. experience some side-effectsC. develop the habit to eat themD. suffer some liver problem719. Which is implied, but not stated, in the passage?A. In the past, people used to sleep better.B. 75% of Americans had sleeping problem in 2005.C. Some new sleeping pills may not be totally harmless.D. The modern life style is blamed for sleeping problems.20. Sleeping pills are used more often than CBT to combat insomnia for the following reasons EXCEPT ______.A. CBT doesn’t show quick results as sleeping pillsB. drug ads influence people in their choiceC. CBT is too new an idea for patients to acceptD. CBT cannot be found in many parts of the USPassage FiveFarmers in the Midwest put in some of the longest workdays of any profession in the United States. In addition to caring for their crops and livestock, they have to keep up with new farming techniques, such as those for combining soil erosion and increasing livestock production. It is essential that farmers adopt these advances in technology if they want to continue to meet the growing demand of a hungry world.Agriculture is the number one industry in the United States and agricultural products are the country’s leading export. American farmers manage to feed not only the total population of the United States, but also millions of other people throughout the rest of the world. Corn and soybean exports alone account for approximately 75% of the amount sold in world market.This productivity, however, has its price. Intensive cultivation exposes the earth to the damaging forces of nature. Ever y year wind and water remove tons of rich soil from the nation’s croplands, with the result that soil erosion has become a national problem concerning everyone from the farmer to the consumer.Each field is covered by a limited amount of topsoil, the upper layer of earth which is the richest in the nutrient and minerals necessary for growing crops. Ever since the first farmers arrived in the Midwest almost 200 years ago, cultivation and, consequently, erosion have been depleting the supply of topsoil. In the 1830s, nearly two feet of rich, black topsoil covered the8Midwest. Today the average depth is only eight inches, and every decade another inch is blown or washed away. This erosion is steadily decreasing the productivity of valuable cropland. A United States Agricultural Department survey states that if erosion continues at its present rate, corn and soybean yields in the Midwest may drop as much as 30% over the next 50 years.So far, farmers have been able to compensate for the loss of fertile topsoil by applying more chemical fertilizers to their fields; however, while this practice has increased crop yields, it has been devastating for ecology. Agriculture has become one of the biggest polluters on the nation’s precious water supply. Rivers, lakes, and underground reserves of water are being filled in and poisoned by soil and chemicals carried by the drainage from eroding fields. Furthermore, fertilizers only replenish the soil; they do not prevent its loss.Clearly something else has to be done in order to avoid an eventual ecological disaster. Conservationists insist that the solution to this problem lies in new and better farming techniques. Concerned farmers are building terraces on hilly fields, rotating their crops, and using new plowing methods to cut soil loss significantly. Substantial progress has been made, but soil erosion is far from being under control.Questions 21-25 are based on Passage Five.21. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Farmers are the only people who are concerned about soil erosion.B. Farmers in the Midwest lead a very busy life and work long hours.C. Farmers should use advanced techniques to produce more food.D. Farmers in the U.S provide food for the U.S. and other countries.22. Agricultural products of the U.S. ______.A. consist mainly of corn, wheat and soybeansB. enjoy the world reputation for the good qualityC. are the largest source of exports of the countryD. account for about 75% of those sold in world market23. What is the downside of using chemical fertilizers according to the passage?A. It worsens soil erosion.B. It endangers people’s health.C. It poisons the cropsD. It pollutes water supply.924. Which is true about topsoil in Midwest?A. It is the richest in the U.S.B. It is lacking nutrients.C. It is becoming thinner.D. It is ruined by chemicals.25. Farmers can do the following things to prevent soil erosion EXCEPT ______.A. rotating their cropsB. using effective fertilizersC. using new plowing methodsD. building terraces on hilly fieldsII. Vocabulary. (10 points, 1 point for each)Directions: Scan the following passage and find the words which have roughly the same meanings as those given below. The number in the brackets after each word definition refers to the number of paragraph in which the target word is. Write the word you choose on the Answer Sheet.Most of us buy vitamins for one of three reasons. Either we believe that they are prophylactic, that is they will ward off advancing ill, or they are therapeutic and will deal with the ills we have already, or finally we may believe they are wonder drugs and will lift us into a state of super health. We are protected from some of these wild imaginings by the laws which control advertising but even without false promises we still believe that vitamins will “do us good”.Belief is a very potent state of mind and the power of the placebo pill is never underestimated in clinical trials used to test new drugs. A placebo is a harmless substance given to one group of patients in the trial and it is similar in taste and appearance to a new drug which is given to a second group of patients. Theoretically the drug should cure or relieve any symptoms and the placebo should have no effect. Often these trials produce surprising results and the placebo group recovers as well as the group taking the new drug.Vitamins B and C cannot be retained in the body, so if we take more than we need of these, they are soon excreted in the urine. Taking too much of the fat soluble vitamins can be dangerous and vitamins A and D should never be taken indiscriminately. Vitamin E has not been found to have any toxic effect in large doses, but neither do there seem to be any noticeable benefits. This is an unexplored area in vitamin research and the only known advantages of vitamin E are confined to specialized medical cases.26. to prevent something from harming you (Para. 1)1027. very good and effective (Para. 1)28. situations or ideas that are not real or true (Para. 1)29. having a powerful effect on your body or mind (Para.2)30. a series of testing to find out whether something works (Para.2)31. to make a pain or problem less severe (Para.2)32. gets well after an illness, accident, shock (Para.2)33. not thinking carefully before making a choice (Para.3)34. poisoning (Para.3)35. examples of particular situations, problems (Para.3)III. Summarization. (20 points, 2 points for each)Directions: In this section of the test, there are ten paragraphs. Each of the paragraphs is followed by an incomplete phrase or sentence which summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Spell out the missing letters of the word on your Answer Sheet.Paragraph OneBetween 1979 and 1999, extremely hot weather killed more than 8000 people in the US. In that period, more Americans died from extreme heat than from severe storms, lightning, floods and earthquakes together.36. Extreme heat was the top killer among several n______ threats.Paragraph TwoThe body itself is mostly water —more than 65% water. Water in blood carries hormones and antibodies through the body. Water in urine carries away waste materials. Water is also needed for cooling the body on hot days, carrying body heat to the surface of the skin.37. Water is essential to h______.Paragraph ThreeDevelopment aid has increased since 2002. Still, the report says severe poverty continues to worsen, in part because of H.I.V./AIDS. Environmental conditions also add to poverty. The report says climate change already affects many low-lying and island nations, and more problems are likely in the years to come.38. Worse poverty situation despite i______ development aid.11Paragraph FourStrong earthquakes forced the bottom of the sea to rise above the water. After millions of years, it was pushed up into the air to form land and mountains. Meanwhile, hot liquid rock from deep in the Earth pushed to the surface. This liquid rock slowly cooled. The then cooling liquid formed a very hard rock known as granite.39. Theory about f______ of land and mountains.Paragraph FiveMany centuries of rain caused huge rivers to move violently through this area. Over time, these rivers cut deep into the new mountains. During the great Ice Age, millions of tons of ice cut and shaped the cooled granite to form giant rocks, known as Half Dome.40. V______ forms of water change the outlook of the area.Paragraph SixCitizens who had formed a military group were the first real modern explorers of the valley. They were at war with the local Indians and came into the valley. The white soldiers called it Yosemites after the Indians.41. White world’s f______ of Yosemites.Paragraph SevenMany young Americans began to challenge some of the traditions of their parents and grandparents. For example, some young women began to experiment with new kinds of clothes. They no longer wore dresses that hid the shape of their bodies. Instead, they wore thinner dresses that uncovered part of their legs.42. Youth defied traditional d______ style.Paragraph EightSupporters say the goal is to get students to think about what they want to do and help them prepare for their future. But some people say the program could make it difficult for students to explore different possibilities, as they are too young to know what they want to do in life.43. For and a______ over a school program.Paragraph NineEducators did not become involved with blogging right away. Many were concerned with12privacy issues and security. But now, thousands of teacher blogs can be found on the Internet. Many teachers do not identify themselves, and they change the names of students and co-workers.44. Many teachers are going for blogs although some w______ about privacy issues. Paragraph TenEmployment of women with babies under one year dropped in the most recent period reported by the Census Bureau. The rate decreased from 59% in 1998 to 55% in 2002. The Census Bureau said this was the first recorded drop since it began to keep these records in 1976.45. F______ women with infants are being employed.IV. Translation. (20 points, 4 points for each)Directions: In the following passage, there are five groups of underlined sentences. Read the passage carefully and translate these sentences into Chinese. Write the Chinese version on your Answer Sheet.It’s believed the Internet was born in 1969 when two computers at the University of California, Los Angeles, were connected by a 15-foot cable, with bits of meaningless data flowing between them. 46. Since then the Net has taken off, with some 137 million U.S. computers online plus another 152 million outside the United States. And while the number of Internet-linked computers is surging, the volume of traffic they are carrying is increasing even faster. Some projections have it doubling every 100 days.47. This is not surprising since a hallmark of the Cyber Age is connectivity and the sharing of information. The assertion that “information is meant to be free”is an increasing reality since it can be moved from those who have it to those who need it in the blink of an eye —and at virtually no cost, unlike for other media. This computer-driven contribution to the vitality of the U.S. economy is immeasurable.Auction sites have been springing up all over the Internet, but the undisputed leader is eBay.48. You simply go to eBay’s Web site, register, post a description of what you have to sell, along with photos and a minimum price, if you like. Bids from interested buyers appear on your computer screen, which is instantly updated as better bids come in. Once the auction ends, the highest bidder is obliged to pay for the item.One of the Internet’s truly great features is that anybody can be a player who has an idea for13a Web site and a few dollars to get it up and running. Possibly the most notorious site of all is the one dreamed up by an 18-year-old dropout from Northeastern University in Boston, Shawn Fanning, nicknamed the “Napster”for his unruly red hair. 49. He created the world’s biggest online free-music community, which allows 38 million popular music lovers to exchange hundreds of recordings, using the Napster system as a search engine to find exactly what they want.Napster has outraged everyone connected with the record business, from artists whose creative work was being hijacked to the Recording Industry Association of America, which bro ught a lawsuit seeking an injunction aimed at ending Napster’s brief, if notorious, life. It now appears, incredibly, that this deadlock may actually be resolved to almost everyone’s satisfaction. Napster users may pay a modest monthly fee, which will be divided up among those creating, producing, and delivering the music. Napster is receiving financial backing from the German media giant Bertelsmann, which is getting a piece of Napster in return. There is a sticking point, however, since it’s now unclear h ow to put a user name and price on every digital music file being downloaded. 50. It’s also unclear if Napster users will pay even a few bucks a month for the service.14。

高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试,英语（二）试题,(2)2020年下半年高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(二) 试卷(课程代码00l5) PART ONE (50 POINTS) I．Vocabulary and structure (10 points，l point for each item) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1．Under no circumstances＿＿＿betray our friends for personal benefit． A．did we B．we should C．should we D．we could2．It is said that no city＿＿＿New York attracts so many peopleof different cultures． A．other than B．better than C．more than D．rather than 3．With such a poor score in the entrance exam，it’s＿＿＿impossible for him t0 be admittedto this university． A．roughly B．absolutely C．fully D．exclusively 4． A formal dress is＿＿＿to a casual one forsuch an occasion．A．suitable B．favorable C．fashionable D．preferable 5．The book is reserved to＿＿＿comes first． A．whoever B．whomever C．whom D．who 6．They all voted for him in the election，＿＿＿ was t0be expected． A．what B．so C．as D．that 7．How is it——your answer on the paper is almost the same as his? A．what B．if C．that D．so 8．On hearing the news, hefelt a wave of anger＿＿＿within him．A．arising B． rising C． arousing D． raising 9．I often dream of Paris but I’ve never been there．It’s me place＿＿＿． A． where I ’d like to visit B． that 1 want to visitit most C．in which I ’d like to visit D． I most want to visit 10．Practicing improperly，you are likely to＿＿＿some bad habits． A．pick up B．keep up C．draw up D．catchup II． Cloze Test(10 points，l point for each item) 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。

2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节(共15题：每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AWhat’s On?Electric Underground7.30pm－1.00am Free at the Cyclops TheatreDo you know who’s playing in your area? We’re bringing you an eveni ng of live rock and pop music from the best local bands. Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract(合同)? If so, come early to the talk at 7.30pm by Jules Skye, a successful record producer. He’s going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce you music.Gee Whizz8.30pm-10.30pm Comedy at KaleidoscopeCome and see Gee Whizz perform. He’s the funniest stand-up comedian on the comedy scene. This joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest. Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh! Our bar is open from 7.00pm for drinks and snacks(快餐).Simon’s Workshop5.00pm-7.30pm Wednesdays at Victoria StageThis is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy. The workshop looks at every kind of comedy, and practices many different ways of making people laugh. Simon is a come dian and actor who has 10 years’ experience of teaching comedy. His workshops are exciting and fun. An evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny.Charlotte Stone8.00pm-11.00pm Pizza WorldFine food with beautiful jazz music; this is a great evening out. Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new best-selling CD, with James Pickering on the piano. The menu is Italian, with excellent meat and fresh fish, pizzas and pasta(面食). Book early to get a table. Our bar is open all day, and serves cocktails, coffee, beer, and white wine.1. Who can help you if you want to have your music produced?A. Jules Skye.B. Gee Whizz.C. Charlotte Stone.D. James Pickering.2. At which place can people of different ages enjoy a good laugh?A. The Cyclops TheatreB. KaleidoscopeC. Victoria StageD. Pizza World3. What do we know about Simon’s Workshop?A. It requires membership status.B. It lasts three hours each time.C. It is run by a comedy club.D. It is held every Wednesday.4. When will Charlotte Stone perform her songs?A. 5.00pm-7.30pm.B. 7.30pm－1.00am.C. 8.00pm-11.00pm.D. 8.30pm-10.30pm.BFive years ago, when I taught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students.I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student, and said:”Make something out of the Tinkertoys. You have 45 minutes today - and 45minutes each day for the rest of the week.”A few students hesitated to start. They waited to see the rest of the class would do. Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided. Another group built something out of their own imaginations.Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time. His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. I was delighted at the presence of such a student. Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students.Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare, ”But I’m just not creative.”“Do you dream at night when you’re asleep?”“Oh, sure.”“So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.” The student would tell something wildly imaginative. Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads. “That’s pretty creative. Who does that for you?”“Nobody. I do it.”“Really-at night, wh en you’re asleep?”“Sure.”zxx.k“Try doing it in the daytime, in class, okay?”5. The teacher used Tinkertoys in class in order to ________?A. know more about the studentsB. make the lessons more excitingC. raise the students’ interest in artD. teach the students about toy design6. What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3?A. He liked to help his teacher.B. He preferred to study alone.C. He was active in class.D. He was imaginative.7. What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Mistake.B. Drawback.C. Difficulty.D. Burden.8. Why did the teacher ask the students to talk about their dreams?A. To help them to see their creativity.B. To find out about their sleeping habits.C. To help them to improve their memory.D. To find out about their ways of thinking.CReading can be a social activity. Think of the people who belong to book groups. They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them. Now, the website turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group.Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it. Bruce Pederson, the managing director of BookCrossing, says, “The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read. BookCrossing combines both.”Members leave books on park benches and buses, in train stations and coffee shops. Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing what they thought of it. E-mails are then sent to the BookCrossing to keep them updated about where their books have been found. Bruce peterson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home. zxx.kBookCrossing is part of a trend among people who want to get back to the “real” and not the virtual(虚拟). The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred thirty-five countries.9. Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph?A. To explain what they are.B.To introduce BookCrossing.C. To stress the importance of reading.D. To encourage readers to share their ideas.10. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2refer to?A. The book.B.An adventure.C.A public place.D. The identification number.11. What will a BookCrosser do with a book after reading it?A. Meet other readers to discuss it.B.Keep it safe in his bookcase.C. Pass it on to another reader.D. Mail it back to its owner.12. What is the best title for the text?A. Online Reading: A Virtual TourB. Electronic Books: A new TrendC. A Book Group Brings Tradition BackD. A Website Links People through BooksDA new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.Frank Hurley’s pictures would b e outstanding----undoubtedly first-rate photo-journalism---if they had been made last week. In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海滩), by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival. Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wooden ship. The ship was the Endurance, a small, tight, Norwegian-built three-master that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists, 27 men in all, to the southernmost shore of Antarctica’s Weddell Sea. From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled(雪橇) across the continent. The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done. Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back. As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and well-researched story The Endurance, adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort. Scott’s last journey, completed as be lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger, caught the world’s imagination, and a film made in his honor drew crowds. Shackleton, a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography. Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.13. What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?A. They were made last weekB. They showed undersea sceneriesC. They were found by a cameramanD. They recorded a disastrous adventure14. Who reached the South Pole first according to the text?A. Frank HurleyB. Ernest ShackletonC. Robert Falcon ScottD. Caroline Alexander15. What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage?A. Artistic creationB. Scientific researchC. Money makingD. Treasure hunting第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。