汉英水利水电技术词典(Excel版1-100页)

国际工程常用英汉词汇汇编一、基础词汇access 交通agreement 同意、协议allocation 分配、配置approval 同意、批准arbitration 仲裁Asia Development Bank 亚洲开发银行assistant 助理、助手authorize(delegate)授权、委托Bill of Quantities(BOQ) 工程量表civil works 土建工程claim 索赔comment 评论、意见commercial manager 商务经理conditions of contract 合同条件general conditions 通用条件conditions of particular application 专用条件special conditions of contract 特别条件Conditions of contract for Works of Civil Engineering Construction 土木工程施工合同条件construction management 施工管理consultant 顾问contract agreement 合同协议Contractor 承包商cooperation 合作coordination 协作cost 费用cost control 成本控制counterclaim 反索赔demobilization 退场department 部门Designer 设计者drawing 图纸shop drawing 车间图design drawing 设计图as-built drawing 竣工图blue drawing 蓝图transparent drawing 透明图construction drawing 施工图electric works 电气工程Employer(Client/Owner) 业主Engineer 工程师Engineer's representative 工程师代表engineering project 工程项目international project 国际工程overseas project 海外工程domestic project 国内工程equipment 设备expatriate 外籍职员expert 专家export 出口Federation of Civil Engineering Contractor 土木工程承包商联合会formal 正式的hydromechanical works 金结工程import 进口in charge of 负责、主管informal 非正式的Institution of CivilEngineers(ICE) 土木工程师协会instrument 仪器、器械insurance 保险labour 劳务layout 布置leading company(sponsor)牵头公司、责任公司liability(responsibility/obligation) 责任、义务lump sump 总包machinery 机械manpower(human resource) 人力资源Manufacturer 制造商material 材料measure 办法、措施take effective measures 采取有效措施measurement 测量、计量memorandum 备忘录mobilization 进场objection 反对payment 支付plant 设备point of view(opinion) 观点、意见prequalification 资格预审procurement 采购profit 利润progress control 进度控制project manager 项目经理quality control 质量控制request(application) 申请、请求review 审查risk 风险river closure 截流river diversion 导流safety 安全signature 签名site 工地、现场site engineer 现场工程师specification 规格、规范staff 职员Subcontractor 分包商submission 提交supervise 监督、监视Supplier 供货商the International Chamber of Commerce国际商会unit price 单价variation(change) 变更World Bank 世界银行二、工程施工类（一）工程施工-土建类◆开挖与支护（Excavation and Support)明挖（Open Excavation )bench excavation 台阶开挖concrete excavation 砼开挖fault excavation 断层开挖foundation excavation 基础开挖local excavation 局部开挖mass(bulk) excavation 大面积开挖protective layer excavation 保护层开挖rock excavation 岩石开挖slope excavation 边坡开挖soft ground excavation 软基开挖soil excavation 土方开挖structural excavation 结构开挖tooth excavation 齿槽开挖unclassified material excavation 不分类料开挖coefficient of nonuniformity 开挖不均匀系数cutoff trench 截水槽dewatering(drainage) 排水excavation pit 开挖基坑intensity of excavation 开挖强度overexcavate ( overbreak ) 超挖pump sump 水泵坑Underexcavate ( underbreak ) 欠挖underbreak treatment 欠挖处理洞挖及地下开挖（Tunnel and Underground Excavation) a round of excavation 一个开挖循环adit 支洞advance 进尺advances depth 进尺深度breaking hole 崩落孔cushion hole 缓冲孔drift 掏槽bottom drift 底部掏槽center drift 中心掏槽side drift 边部掏槽top drift 顶部掏槽drilling 钻孔driving(progress) rate 进尺率easer 掏槽孔erecting supports for the roof and side wall 对顶拱及边墙进行支护full face excavation 全断面开挖heading and bench excavation 导流与台阶开挖loading and hauling muck(mucking ) 装拉渣loading (charging) 装药perimeter hole 周边孔pilot tunnel 导洞removing dust 除尘removing ground water 清除地面积水shooting the explosive (blasting) 放炮top heading excavation 上导洞开挖ventilation 通风钻孔爆破(Drilling and Blasting) abandoned hole 废孔average hole depth 平均孔深average quantity used in unitvolume blasted 平均单耗blasting result 爆破结果blockness 块度controlled perimeter blasting 周边控制爆破data of explosive filled 装药参数data of holes drilled 钻孔参数delayed blasting 延时爆破exploratory hole 探孔explosive quantity 药量explosive quantity in a sound 单响药量handling misfire 处理哑炮light charge 少量装药loosening blasting 松动爆破pattern 布孔方式distance between holes 孔距distance between rows 排距post shearing blasting 微差爆破prespliting blasting 预裂爆破quantity of holes 孔数smooth blasting 光面爆破延时支护(rock support)expansion shell rock bolt 胀壳式张拉锚杆feature rock anchor 随机锚索feature rock bolt 随机张拉锚杆feature rock dowel 随机砂浆锚杆feature rock reinforcement 随机加固lattice girder 钢桁架、格构大梁pattern cement grouted rockdowel 系统水泥浆锚杆pattern resin grouted rock dowel系统树脂浆锚杆pattern rock dowel 系统砂浆锚杆pattern rock reinforcement 系统加固permanent rock support 永久支护post-tensioned cement grouted tendon rock anchor 后张拉水泥浆锚索rebound material 回弹料return rock bolt 回头张拉锚杆return rock reinforcement 回头加固shotcrete anchorage 喷锚shotcrete with wire mesh 挂网喷砼steel fabric shotcrete 钢纤维喷砼steel rib 钢拱架temporary rock support 临时支护tensioned resin grouted rock bolt 树脂张拉锚杆◆土石料的填筑及碾压施工工序（Working Sequence)backfill 回填blend 混合compact 碾压controlled sprinkling 控制洒水cut the slope 削坡dump 卸料exploit 开采level 整平load 装料moisture condition 水分调节place and spread 摊铺remove 清除replace 重新回填retreat (do the work again) 返工scarify 翻松、刨毛screen and wash 筛分和冲洗take a sample 取样test 测试transport 运输treat 处理trim 修整缺陷（Defects）calcium particles 姜石contaminated material 受污染料declination of the boundary 料界偏差dry 干燥lack of compaction 漏压lump sump 结块muddy 泥泞oversize material 超粒径材料pocket 囊穴seepage 渗流separation 分离shear area 剪力区lens 透镜体其它（Others)bonding surface 结合面byproduct 副产品controlling parameter 控制参数fill placement record 填筑记录frog area 蛙夯区required embankment 必要填方subzone 分区◆混凝土（Concrete ）air-entrained concrete(aerated concrete) 加气砼asphalt concrete 沥青砼blinding concrete 垫层砼cast-in situ(site/place)concrete 现浇砼plastic concrete 塑料砼fibrous concrete 纤维砼first stage concrete 一期砼foamed concrete 泡沫砼high-performance concrete 高性能砼high-strength concrete 高强砼intrusion concrete 压浆砼lean concrete (poor concrete) 贫砼lightweight aggregate concrete 轻骨料砼mass concrete 大体积砼non-fines concrete 无砂砼non-plastic concrete 干硬性砼non-shrinkage concrete 无收缩砼normal concrete 常态砼plain concrete 素砼porous concrete 多孔砼prestressed concrete 预应力砼pump concrete 泵送砼reinforced concrete 钢筋砼roller compacted concrete( rollcrete) 碾压砼second stage concrete 二期砼作业（Activity）clearance(clearing) 清理concretepouring(placement/casting) 砼浇筑curing 养护Membrance curing 薄膜养护moist curing 湿润养护normal curing 标准养护steam curing 蒸汽养护repairing 修理Scabbling (chiping/roughening) 凿毛greencutting 冲毛surface finishing 收面vibrating 振捣缺陷（Defects）bug hole(pitted surface) 麻面cavity 狗洞cold joint 冷缝crack 裂缝deformation 变形depression 坑洼fire-damaged concrete 火损砼formwork shifting(moving) 跑模grout leakage 漏浆（挂帘）honeycomb 蜂窝incomplete vibration 不完全振捣、漏振irregularity 不规则segregation(bleeding) 离析stair(staggered joint) 错台tie rod hole 拉杆孔water leakage 漏水water seepage 渗水外加剂（Admixture）accelerator 速凝剂air-entraining agent 引气剂bloating(bulking /expansion) agent 膨胀剂coring admixture 着色剂early-strength admixture 早强剂gas-forming admixture 发气剂（起泡剂）fluidizer 塑化剂retarding agent 缓凝剂set-controlling admixture 调凝剂super-plasticizer 增塑剂、高效减水剂surface-active agent 表面活性剂water-reducing agent 减水剂accelerating water reducer 速凝型减水剂retarding water reducer 缓凝型减水剂waterproof agent 防水剂指标（Indexes）compressive strength 抗压强度compressive stress 压应力concrete class 砼等级final strength 终凝强度graduation 级配graduation curve 级配曲线impermeability 抗渗性initial setting strength 初凝强度mix design 配比设计resistance to freezing and thawing 抗冻融性shear strength 抗剪强度slump 坍落度specific weight/gravity 比重stability against sliding 抗滑稳定性strain 应变surface finish 表面平整度tensile strength 抗拉强度tensile stress 拉应力thermal stress 温度应力water-cement ratio 水灰比working stress 工作应力其他（Others）acceptance 验收age 龄期aggregate 骨料fine aggregate 细骨料coarse aggregate 粗骨料air pocket 气囊airtightness 气密性alternative 替代物、替换方法apply 应用、施加bending moment 弯矩block 仓号binding strength 黏结强度calibration 标定cement anchor 锚固卷concrete plug 砼塞concrete precast element 砼预制件concrete release sheet 发料单construction joint 施工缝contamination /pollution 污染conversion(reconstruction) 改建coverage 覆盖范围curing agent 养护剂delivery sheet 运料单direct discharge 直接入仓elevation 高程、正视图epoxy mortar application 还氧砂浆抹面existing 现有（存）的expansion joint 伸缩缝facilitate 使容易（便利）gabion 纤丝笼humidity 湿度identity 识别、标记ingredient 成分、配料inspection 检查、验收preliminary inspection 初验final inspection 终验appearance inspection 外观检查intact 完整的、未被触动的inter-tower joint 塔间缝introduce into 将……穿入isolate 隔离laitance 浮浆皮layer(lift)height 层高meet design requirement 满足设计要求moment of inertia 惯性距Pocket (box out/preset hole) 预留孔post-cooling 后冷却post tensioning 后张拉pre-cooling 预冷却pre-stressing 预应力pre-tensioning 先张拉pull-off test 扒拉试验reinforcement cover 钢筋保护层remark 备注section area 截面面积shearkey 抗剪键key groove 键槽shotcrete dry-mix process 干喷砼生产shotcrete wet-mix process 湿喷砼生产simplify 简化simultaneously 同时地spacer 水泥垫块spacing 间距stress concentration 应力集中symmetry 对称technical data 技术参数temperature control 温度控制temperature difference 温差temperature rise(gain) 温度升高theoretical elongation 理论延长量unloading 卸载water stop 止水PVC water stop PVC止水rubber water stop 橡皮止水copper water stop 铜止水watertightness 闭水性winter protection 冬季保温◆模板（Formwok/Shutteringform) erecting(setting up/fixing) formwork 立模Stripping (removing/dismantling) formwork 拆模bond breaker 脱模剂climbing cone 爬升锥dam bracket 大坝支架distance piece 横支撑double-curvature formwork 双曲模板flat formwork 平面模板formwork oil 模板油pigtail anchor 猪尾筋retractable formwork 进退式模板shearkey box 键槽盒sliding formwork 滑模steel form carrier 钢模台车steel formwork 钢模steel waling 钢围令、钢支撑stopend 堵头、封堵模板temporary formwork 临时模板tie rod(form tie) 拉杆tiltable formwork 倾斜式模板vault and invert formwork 顶拱及底拱模板wood formwork 木模◆钢筋（Reinforcement Rebar）distribution bar 分布筋dowel 插筋horizontal bar 水平筋lap length 搭接长度main stress bar 主应力筋overlap 搭接shear bar 剪力筋splice welding 绑条焊接starter bar 起始筋、苗子锦stirrup 箍筋support bar 架立筋vertical bar 竖直筋◆灌浆（Grouting）backfill grouting 回填灌浆consolidation grouting 固结灌浆contact grouting 接触灌浆curtain grouting 帷幕灌浆gap grouting 接缝灌浆gravity grouting 自重灌浆jet grouting 旋喷灌浆multi-stage grouting 多次灌浆pressure grouting 压力灌浆ring grouting 环行灌浆single-stage grouting 一次灌浆工艺过程（Activity）air test 通风试验backfilling of hole 封孔flushing test 通水试验joint washing 洗缝seal 密封soak 浸泡water pressure test 压水试验管路及组件（Circuit and Elements）air supply 风包arising pipe 升降管circuit 回路clamp 卡子cock 旋塞coil 蛇形管cylinder 缸套double nipple 对丝连接套expansion coupling 伸缩节female-quick coupling 内丝快接头fixed clamp 死卡flow rate meter 测量计galvanized elbow 镀锌弯头grout cap 灌浆帽grout cell 出浆盒grout stop plate 止浆片grout valve 灌浆阀inlet pipe 进浆管large radius elbow 大弧弯头main pipe 总管male-quick coupling 外丝快接头outlet pipe 出浆管packer 灌浆塞piston 活塞plug 堵头reducer socket 变径管套return pipe 回浆管tee piece 三通管reduce tee piece 变径三通管swivel-clamp 转卡U-bend U弯头union 活接头ventilation pipe 排气管water supply 水包参数及指标（Parameter and Indexes）consistency 稠度fineness 细度grout take 吃浆量high take 吃浆量大grouting pressure 灌浆压力leakage rate 漏水率Lugeon 吕容mix proportion 浆比pumping rate 泵浆率refusal criteria 排浆标准refusal time 抽浆时间water aborptin 吸水率仪器设备（Plant and Instrument）agitator 搅拌站automatic recorder 自动记录仪chiller plant(cooling plant) 制冷站displancement point 位移点electronic grout flow meter 电子流量计extensometer 变位计flow transmitter 流量传感器foundation displacementindicator 基础位移指示器grout pump 灌浆泵hydrometer 比重计joint meter 测缝计mixing plant 制浆站monitor 监测器osmometer 渗压计pendulum 钟摆portable instrument 便携式仪器pressure gauge 压力表pressure sensor 压力传感器reinforcement meter 钢筋计steel basin 搅拌槽strain meter 应变计temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal station 集线站其他（Others）check hole 检查孔compartment 灌区dense mix 浓浆foundation uplift 基础隆起grout hole 灌浆孔instrument hole 仪器孔primary/secondary and tertiary grout holes 一序、二序、三序灌浆孔spilt spacing 加密灌浆孔距waste mix 弃浆◆测量（Survey）测量方法及术语（Methods and Terms）adjust 校正、调整adjustment 平差allowance 容许误差backsight point 后视点basic point 基础点bench mark 水准点compass 罗盘chainage(station number) 桩号chain of triangulation 三角锁check 校核、对照control point 控制点coordinate point 坐标点datum 基础面datum point 基准点deviation 偏差easily identifiable point 容易识别点error 误差first order triangulation 一等三角测量geodetic 大地测量学的geodetic surveying 大地测量joint survey 联合测量known point 已知点level surface 水准面local triangulation networks 局部三角网national coordination system 国家坐标网observe 观测、监视point to be located 待定点position 定位、位置reconnaissance 选点、踏勘reference point 参考点second order triangulation 二等三角测量set out 放线、放样stake-line 测桩线state plane coordinate system 国家平面坐标系survey point 测点theoretical point 理论点traverse(polygon) 导线（测量）、横断error of traverse 导线闭合差lattice traverse 网格状导线long side traverse 长导线open traverse 非闭合导线short side traverse 短导线traverse closure 导线闭合traverse station 导线点traverse survey 导线测量triangulation 三角测量triangulation network 三角网triangulation of high order 高等级三角网triangulation point 三角点trilateration 三边测量vertical-control net 高程控制网wood pile 木桩角度测量（Angular Measure）azimuth 方位角bearing 方位、象限角buddle 气泡、水准器circle 度盘、圆盘circular bubble 圆水准器collimation axis 视准轴cross-line(cross-hair) 十字丝depression angle 俯角elevation angle 仰角eyepiece(ocular) 目镜field pole(staff) 标杆foot-screw 脚螺栓horizontal angle 水平角mark 标志（明）objective lens 物镜plumb(plummet) 铅垂、垂线sight 瞄准、观测target 目标、瞄准theodolite 经纬仪tranverse axis 横轴tripod 三脚架vertical angle 竖直角vertical axis 竖轴望远镜（Telescope）centering 对中face left 盘左face right 盘右focus 集中、焦点focusing 调焦index error 指标误差inverted position of telescope(reverse telescope)倒镜、盘右normal position of telescope(direct telescope)正镜、盘右optical plummet 光学垂准器round 测回set 套、组station 测站距离测量（Distance Measure）barometer 气压计base line(basic line/datum line) 基线battery 电池EDM(electromagnetic distance measurement) 电磁波测距filter 滤光片、滤波器laser alignment system 激光准直系统laser beam 激光束prism 棱镜range 测程、距离long range 远程medium range 中程short range 短程range finder 测距仪signal 信号spring balance 弹簧称tape 卷尺invar tape 铟瓦钢卷尺高程测量（Height Measurement）altitude/elevation 高程、海拔approximate leveling 近似置平、粗平automatic level 自动定平水准仪difference in altitude(difference ofelevation ,height difference) 高差error of closure in leveling 水准闭合差exact leveling 精平、确置平level 水准仪（测点）level circuit 水准闭合环level shoe 水准尺垫line of level 水准线路national geodetic vertical datum 国家大地高程基准面reduced level 归化高差run back 返测run out 往测three-wire leveling 三丝法水准测量地形测量（Topographic Survey）boundary 边界、界线construction stake 施工标桩contour 等高线contour interval 等高距contouring 绘等高线contour-length method 等高线延长法contour line 等高线control network 控制网detail 细部、详图draw 绘图field 外业fix 固定、确定form line 地形图grid 格网information 注记、资料、情报marginal information 轮廓注记large-scale 大比例尺的latitude 纬度、范围latitude circle 纬圈latitude line 纬线legend 图例location 定线、定位longitude 经度longitude line 经线map 地图、制图mapping 制图、测图、地质素描match line 拼接线monument 标石、石柱object 地物、目标plan 平面图、略图plot 绘图profile 断面（图）、纵剖图record 记录、资料setup 定置仪器site location 定位stake out 放样、定线、立桩symbol 符号、记号topographic detail 地形细部topographic map 地形图◆原形观测观测仪器和设施{Instrumentation and Facilities）air-entraining meter 掺气剂Carlson-type piezometer 卡尔逊式渗压计concrete strain meter 砼应变计convergent point 收敛测点direct plumb line 正垂线earth pressure cell 土压力盒embankment piezometer 坝体渗压计embankment strain meter 堤应变计extended wire 引张线foundation piezometer 基础渗压计horizontal inclinometer 水平测斜仪hydraulic instrument 水力学仪器hydrophone 水听器inclinometer casing 测斜管interface joint meter 界面变位计inverted plumb line 倒垂线micro piezometer 微压计multiple position extensometer 多点位移计observation point 观测标点observation well 观测井optical alignment line 视准线plate strain meter 钢板计pneumatic piezometer 气压式渗压计pressure fluctuation meter 脉动压力计prestressed tendon anchorage dynamometer 预应力锚索测力计rock bolt extensometer 锚杆测力计single point extensometer 单点位移计spiral sensor 测扭仪standpipe 测压管strong-motion seismogragh 强震仪surface monument 表面标点temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal house 终端房terminal station 终端站tilt meter 倾角计time average pressure cell 时均压力计total pressure cell 总压力盒velometer 流速计vertical inclinometer 垂直测斜仪vibrating wire piezometer 震旋式渗压计vibrating wire settlement sensor 振旋式沉降仪weir with micro piezometer 带微压计的量水堰working base point 工作基点zero stress-strain meter 砼无应力计附件及配件（Acessories and Spare Parts）coil 盘绕component 零部件coordinator 坐标仪damping box 阻尼角differential resistance 差动电阻double layer rubber sleeve 双层保护forced centering plate 强制对中盘instrument lead 仪器电缆invar wire 铟瓦丝metal ring 金属环plumb coordinate meter 垂线坐标仪pulley 滑轮regulator 调节器riser 立管sensor 传感器spool 绕轴steel socket 钢底座tablet 药片tensioning weight 张拉重锤thermistor 热敏电阻tip 测头安装过程（Procession of Installation）assemble 组装couple 连接embed 埋设install 安装insulate 绝缘maintenance 维护monitor 监测protection of instrumentation 仪器保护reduce 归纳seal 密封splice 拼接supply 提供test 测试资料（Information）assemble schematic 装配简图certificate 合格证书description 使用说明书maintenace guideline 维护指南manual 说明书operating principle 工作原理operating restraint 操作范围procedure 程序trouble shooting procedure 鼓掌分析程序其他（Others）annular space 环行空间data acquisition 数据采集data recording 数据记录leas drilling hole 引线孔permanent record 永久记录readout device 读数设备saturated 饱和的seepage isolation dike 截渗堤trapezoidal 梯形◆水工常规试验砼原材料试验（Test of Raw and Processed Material of Concrete）骨料（Aggregate）abrasion volume by Los Angeles rattler洛杉机磨耗量accumulated retained percentage 累计筛余百分率acicular and flaky grain in aggregate 针状与片状颗粒含量alkali-aggregate reaction 碱骨料反应apparent density 视密度bulk density (unity weight) 容重clay lumps and friable particles in aggregate 黏土块及易碎颗粒含量coefficient of softening 软化系数crush index 压碎指标dry state 干燥状态exceeding and inferior grain inaggregate 超逊径颗粒含量fineness modulus 细度模数gaping place rate 空隙率grader retained percentage 分计筛余百分率grain composition 颗粒级配grain size 粒径lightweight matter in aggregate 轻物质含量mica content 云母含量moisture content(water rate) 含水率mud content 含泥量organic content 有机质含量potential reactivity of aggregate 骨料潜在活性saturation 饱和的sieving curve 筛分曲线soft grain in aggregate 软弱骨料含量soundness 坚固性surface moisture content 表面含水率water-soluble sulphide 水溶性硫化物水硬性胶凝材料(Hydraulicity cementitious material)age 龄期cement mark(strength of cement /cement grade) 水泥标号consumptive use of water normal consistance 标准稠度用水量degree of mobilization 流动性dissolution heat ( solution heat ) 溶解热final set 终凝flexural strength 抗弯强度flyash 粉煤灰hydration heat 水化热initial set 初凝loss on ignition(ignition loss) 烧矢量setting time 凝结时间silica fume 硅粉soundness 水泥的安定性specific surface area 比表面积specific heat 比热water demand ratio 吸水量比外加剂（Admixture）bubble stability 泡沫稳定性bubbling ability 起泡能力chloride content 氯化物含量compressive strength rate 抗压强度比contract with dry rate 干缩率dispersing coefficient 分散系数dispersing ability of water-reducing agent 减水剂分散能力loss of slump 塌落度损失sulphate content 硫酸盐含量solid content 固体含量surface tension 表面张力water-reducing rate 减水率水（Water）alkalinity 碱度calcion 钙离子carbonic acid 钙酸chlorion 氯离子equivalent concentration 当量浓度oxygen consumption 耗氧量normal solution (standardsolution) 标准溶液PH value PH值water analysis 水值分析砼（Concrete）砼拌和物（Mixture）assurance strength of concrete 砼保证强度bleeding rate 泌水率cement-sand ration 灰砂比design strength of concrete 砼设计标号flowability of concrete 砼的流动性mix proportion (proportion of mixture) 砼配合比mixture uniformity 拌和物的均匀性penetration-obstruction method 贯入阻力法probability of ensuring strength of concrete 砼强度保证率sand rate 砂率unit consumption of water 单位用水量water retention (water retentiveness) 保水性water-cement ratio 水灰比硬化砼（Hardened concrete）axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度coefficient of thermal conductivity 导热系数cooling rate 冷却率core of concrete 砼芯样creep deformation (time deformation ) 徐变变形form coefficient(form factor) 形状系数freezing -melting circulation 冻融循环frost-resistance mark 抗冻标号heat property of concrete 砼热学性能height-diameter ration 高径比linear expansion coefficient 线膨胀系数loss of weight 重量损失natural frequency 自振频率permeate 渗透permeated height 渗透高度permeated-resisting mark 抗渗标号relative coefficient of permeability 相对渗透系数resonance frequency 共振频率sample 试件self-grown volume deformation（砼）自生体积变形splitting tensile strength 劈裂抗拉强度static compressive modulus of elasticity 静力抗压弹数temperature conductivity 导温系数tensile modulus of elasticity 抗拉弹性模量thermal insulation warming 绝热温升ultimate tensile strain 极限拉应变ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度wear rate 磨损率wear-resisting strength 抗冲磨强度砂浆（Cement）cement lime mortar 水泥石灰砂浆cement mortar 水泥砂浆cement-clay mortar 水泥黏土砂浆epoxy mortar 环氧砂浆lime mortar 石灰砂浆plastering mortar 抹面砂浆pointing joint mortar 勾缝砂浆土（Soil）accumulation curve (cumulative curve) 累计曲线activity index 活性指标angle of friction 摩擦角Atterberg limits(water content as limit) 阿太堡界限（界限含水量）California bearing ratio 载重比coarse-grained soil 粗粒土coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数coefficient of cubicalcompressibility 体积压缩系数coefficient of curvature 曲率系数compression 压缩compression index 压缩指数compression modulus 压缩模数consolidated-undrained (quick) shear test 固结不排水剪（固结快剪）试验consolidated-drained (slow) shear test 固结不排水剪（慢剪）试验consolidation 固结consolidation coefficient 固结系数consolidation settlement 固结沉降consolidation stress 固结应力continuous grading/gradation 连接级配contraction test(shrinkage test) 收缩试验core cutter method 环刀法creep curve 蠕变曲线critical slope 逸出坡降（临界坡降）Darcy's law 达西定律degree of consolidation 固结度degree of free swelling 自由膨胀率direct shear test 直接剪切试验direct shear test of reiteration 反复直剪强度试验distribution curve 分布曲线drift soil (shifting soil/mass flow) 流土effective angle of inner friction 有效内摩擦角effective strength envelope 有效强度包线expansion force 膨胀力expansion ration(specific expansion) 膨胀率filtering flow(seepage flow) 渗流fine-grained soil 细粒土flow net(drift net) 流网hydraulic slope 水力坡降hydrometer method 比重计法hydrostatic head method 常水头法limit equilibrium state 极限平衡状态liquefaction 液化liquid limit 液限liquidity index 液化指标maximum dry density 最大干密度method of sieving 筛分法Mohr's stress circle 莫力应力圆Mohr-coulomb failure criteria 莫尔-库伦破坏准则normal stress 法向应力（正应力）oedometer curve 压缩曲线optimum moisture content 最优含水量piping 管涌plastic limit 塑限plasticity index 塑性指标pore water pressure 空隙水压力porosity 空隙率principal stress 主应力Proctor compaction test 普氏击实试验relative density 相对密度sand replacement method 灌砂法saturability (saturation degree/percent saturation) 饱和度saturated unit weight 饱和容重seepage deformation 渗透变形seepage force(seepage pressure) 渗透力seepage line 渗透线seepage speed 渗透速度shear stress 切向应力（剪应力）shrinkage limit 缩限skip(gap/jump) grading 间断级配specific gravity of soil particle 土粒比重steady seepage field 稳定渗流场stress path 应力路径total strength envelope 总强度包线triaxial compression test 三轴压缩试验unconfined compression strength 无侧限抗压强度unconsolidated undrained test 不固结不排水剪（快剪）试验variable head method 变水头法void(pore) ratio 孔隙比water replacement method 灌水法wet density 湿密度其它建筑材料钢筋（steel ）bending and unbending 反复弯曲cold bending test 冷弯试验elongation test 拉伸试验nominal diameter 公称直径ratio of elongation 伸长率relaxation test 松弛试验steel strand 钢绞线tensile yield strength 拉伸屈服强度ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度木材（Wood）curshing strength paralled to thegrain 顺纹抗压强度tensile strength paralled to thegrain 顺纹抗拉强度crushing strength across th egrain 横纹抗压强度tensile strength across to thegrain 横纹抗拉强度沥青（Asphalt）brittle temperature test 脆化点试验expansion test 延伸度试验penetration test 针入式试验softening point test 软化点试验test of aging 老化试验viscosity test 粘滞性试验质量管理（Quality Management）average 平均值deviation standard(error of meansquares) 均方差deviation coefficient(dispersioncoefficient) 离差系数index of correlation 相关系数management limit 管理界限mathematic statistics 数理统计maximum 最大值minimum 最小值normal distribution 正态分布quality assurance 质量保证quality examination 质量检测regression curve 回归曲线relative dampness 相对湿度sample capacity 样本容量sampling frequency 取样频率specimen 样品statistical analysis 统计分析technical specification 技术规范technical standard 技术标准testing circumstance 试验环境testing error 试验误差testing regulation 试验规程variance analysis 方差分析◆地质(Geology)地质年代（Geochronology of Geologic Ages）Archaeozoic era (erathem) 太古代（界）Proterozoic era (erathem) 元古代（界）Palaeozoic era (erathem) 古生代（界）Mesozoic era (erathem) 中生代（界）Cenozoic era (erathem) 新生代（界）Sinian period (system) 震旦纪（系）Cambrian period (system) 寒武纪（系）Ordovician period (system) 奥陶纪（系）Silurian period (system) 志留纪（系）Devonian period (system) 泥盘纪（系）Carboniferous period (system) 石碳纪（系）Permian period (system) 二叠纪（系）Triassic period (system) 三叠纪（系）Jurassic period (system) 侏罗纪（系）Cretaceous period (system) 白垩纪（系）Tertiary period (system) 第三纪（系）Quaternary period (system) 第四纪（系）地质构造（Geologic Structural）fault 断层normal fault 正断层reversed fault 逆断层parallel fault 平移断层gouge 断层泥stria 擦痕joint 节理primary joint 原生节理secondary joint 次生节理tension joint 张节理unloading joint 卸荷节理schistosity 片理bedding 层理foliation 板理（叶理）ripple mark 波痕mud crack 泥痕rain print 雨痕orientation of bedrock 岩层产状strike 走向dip 倾向angle of dip (dip angle ) 倾角fold 褶皱anticline 背斜syncline 向斜Monocline (homocline) 单斜dome 穹隆soft stratum 软弱岩层zone of fracture(broken zone ) 破碎带affected zone 影响带platy structure 板状构造cleavage 解理fracture(rupture) 断裂fissure(crack/fracture) 裂隙岩石类型（Rock type）petrology 岩石学igneous rock 火成岩magmatic rock 岩浆岩lava(vocanic rock) 火山岩intrusive (invade) rock 侵入岩effusive rock 深成岩pypabussal rock 浅成岩acid rock 酸性岩inter-mediate rock 中性岩basic rock 基性岩ultrabasic rock 超基性岩granite 花岗岩porphyry 斑岩rhyolite 玢岩syenite 流纹岩trachyte 粗面岩diorite 闪长岩andesite 安山岩gabbro 辉长岩basalt 玄武岩aplite 细晶岩pegmatite 伟晶岩lamprophyre 煌斑岩diabase 辉绿岩dunite 橄榄岩pumice 浮岩sedimentary rock 沉积岩clastic rock 碎屑岩clay rock 黏土岩chemical rock 化学岩biolith 生物岩conglomerate 砾岩siltstone 粉砂岩mudstone 泥岩shale 页岩saline rock 盐岩limestone 石灰岩dolomite 白云岩marl 泥灰岩volcanic breccia 火山角砾岩volcanic agglomerate 火山块集岩tuff 凝灰岩metamorphic rock 变质岩slate 板岩phyllite 千枚岩schist 片岩gneiss 片麻岩quartzite 石英岩marble 大理岩mylonite 糜棱岩migmatite 混合岩cataclasite 碎裂岩sediment(deposit) 沉积物（层）boulder 漂石、顽石cobble 卵石gravel 砾石sand 砂siltstone 粉土clay 黏土sandy clay 砂质黏土clayey sand 粘质砂土sandy loam 壤土、亚黏土regolith ( topsoil ) 浮土、表土loess 黄土laterite 红土peat 泥炭ooze 软泥、海泥造岩矿物（Rock-forming Minerals）talc 滑石gypsum 石膏calcite 方解石fluorite 萤石apatite 磷灰石feldspar 长石quartz 石英topaz 黄玉corundum 刚玉diamand 金刚石orthoclase 正长石plagloclase 斜长石biotite 黑云母muscovite 白云母amphibole 角闪石phroxene 辉石olivine 橄榄石dolomite 白云石kaolinite 高岭石montmorillonite 蒙脱石bentonite 斑脱石、膨润土illite 伊力石garnet 石榴子石chlorite 绿泥石serpentine 蛇纹石pyrite 黄铁矿hematite 赤铁矿magnetite 磁铁矿。

施工总平面布置Construction general layout施工总平面布置 (施工总体布置 ) construction general layout施工组织 Consruction Programming施工组织设计 construction planning施工坐标系（建筑坐标系） construction coordinate system湿化变形 soaking deformation湿润比 percentage of wetted area湿润灌溉 wetting irrigation湿室型泵房 wet-pit type pump house湿陷变形系数soaking deformation coefficient湿陷起始压力 initial collapse pressure 湿陷系数 (湿陷变形系数 ) coefficient of collapsibility湿周 wetted perimeter十字板剪切试验 vane shear test石袋 honeycomb时均流速 time average velocity时均能量 time average energy时效硬化 (老化) age hardening (ageing) 时针式喷灌系统 (中心支轴自走式系统 ) central pivot sprinkler system实测放大图 surveyed amplification map 实腹柱 solid column实际材料图 primitive data map实时接线分析real time connection analysis实时控制 real-time control实时数据和实时信息 real time data and real time information实体坝 solid dike实体重力坝 solid gravity dam实物工程量 real work quantity实验站 experimental station实用堰 practical weir示流信号器 liquid-flow annunciator示坡线 slope indication line示误三角形 error triangle示踪模型 tracer model事故 failure (accident)事故备用容量reserve capacity for accident事故低油压 tripping lower oil pressure 事故音响信号emergency signal (alarmsignal)事故运行方式 accident operation mode 事故闸门 emergency gate事故照明 accident lighting事故照明切换屏accident lighting change-over panel势波 potential wave势流 potential flow势能 potential energy势涡 (自由涡 ) potential vortex视差 parallax视差法测距（基线横尺视差法） subtense method with horizontal staff视差角 parallactic angle视准线法 collimation line method视准轴（照准轴） coolimation axis试验处理 treatment of experiment试验端子 test terminal试验项目 Testing item试验小区 experimental block试运行 test run试运行 test run收敛测量 convergence measurement收敛约束法convergence-confinement method收缩断面 vena-contracta收缩缝(温度缝) contraction joint (temperature joint)收缩水深 contracted depth手动[自动]复归manual [automatic] reset手动[自动]准同期 manual [automatic] precise synchronization手动调节 manual regulation手动控制 manual control手动运行 manual operation手工电弧焊 manual arc welding首曲线（基本等高线） standard contour 首子午线（本初子午线，起始子午线） prime meridian受油器 oil head枢纽布置 layout of hydroproject疏浚 dredging输电系统 transmission system输电线 transmission line输入功率试验 input test输沙量 sediment runoff输沙率 sediment discharge输水钢管steel pipe for water conveyance输水沟 conveyance ditch输水建筑物 water conveyance structure 输水渠道 water conveyance canal鼠道 mole drains鼠道犁 mole plough鼠笼型感应电动机squirrel cage induction motor竖井定向测量 shaft orientation survey 竖井贯流式水轮机 pit turbine竖井联系测量 shaft connection survey 竖井排水 drainage well竖井式进水口 shaf tintake竖轴弧形闸门 radial gate with vertic alaxes数字地面模型digital terrain model （DTM）数字化测图 digitized mapping数字通信 digital communication数字图像处理 digital image processing 数字仪表 digital instrument甩负荷 load dump (load rejection,load shutdown)甩负荷试验load-rejection test (load-shutdowntest)双层布置 double storey layout双调节调速器 dual-regulation governor 双扉闸门 double-leaf gate双回线 double-circuit line双击式水轮机 cross flow turbine,Banki turbine双极高压直流系统 bipolar HVDC system 双金属标 bimetal bench mark双列布置 double row layout双母线接线 double-bus connection双曲拱坝 double curvature arch dam 双曲拱渡槽double curvature arch aqueduct双室式调压室double-chamber surge shaft双吸式离心泵 double-suction pump双向挡水人字闸门bidirectional retaining mitre gate水泵[水泵水轮机的水泵工况 ]的反向最大稳态飞逸转速steady state reverse runaway speed of pump水泵比转速 specific speed of pump水泵并联扬程曲线 head curve of parallel pumping system水泵参数与特性Parameters and characteristics of pump水泵串联扬程曲线 head curve of series pumping system水泵的最大[最小]输入功率maximum[minimum] input power of pump 水泵电动机机组 Motor-pump unit水泵反常运行 pump abnormal operating 水泵工况 (抽水工况 ) pump operation水泵工作点(水泵工况点) pump operating point水泵供水 water feed by pump水泵机械效率 mechanical efficiency of pump水泵机组 pump unit水泵类型 Classification of pumps水泵零部件 Components of pumps水泵流量 pump discharge水泵容积效率 volumetric efficiency of pump水泵输出功率 output power of pump水泵输入功率 (水泵轴功率 ) input power of pump水泵水力效率 hydraulic efficiency of pump水泵水轮机 Pump-turbine水泵无流量输入功率 no-discharge power of pump水泵效率 pump efficiency水泵扬程 (水泵总扬程 ) total head of pump水泵站 Pumping Station水泵装置 pump system水锤 (水击) water hammer水锤泵站 hydrauli cram pump station水锤波 (水击波 ) wave of water hammer 水锤波波速wave velocity of water hammer水电站 Hydroelectric Station水电站(水力发电站) Hydroelectric station (hydroelectric power station) 水电站保证出力 firm power, firm output 水电站厂房 (发电厂房 ) power house水电站厂房的类型 Types of power house of hydroelectric station水电站出力 power output of hydropower station水电站出力和发电量 Power and energy output of hydropower station水电站的水头、流量、水位 Waterhead, discharge, water lever of hydropower station水电站发电成本generation cost of hydropower station水电站发电量energy output of hydropower station水电站建筑物hydroelectric station structure水电站经济指标Economie index of hydropower station水电站类型Types of hydroelectric station水电站引用流量 quotative discharge of hydropower station水电站装机容量 installed capacity of hydropower station水电站自动化automation of hydroelectric station水跌 hydraulic drop水动力学 Hydrodynamics水斗 bucket水斗式水轮机 (贝尔顿式水轮机 ) pelton turbine水工建筑物 hydraulic structure水工建筑物的类别及荷载 Classification and load of hydraulic structures水工建筑物级别grade of hydraulic structure水工金属结构及安装 Metal Structures and Their Installation水工隧洞 hydraulic tunnel水工隧洞 Hydraulic tunnels水工隧洞构造 Components of hydraulic tunnel水工隧洞类型Classification of hydraulic tunnels水管冷却 pipe cooling水柜 water pool水环真空泵 liquid ring pump水灰比 water-cement ratio水窖(旱井) water callar(dry wall)水静力学 Hydrostatics水库并联运用operation of parallel-connected resertvoir水库测量 reservoir survey水库串联运用operation of serial-connected reservoirs水库调度 reservoir operation水库调度图 graph of reservoir operation 水库回水变动区 fluctuating back water zone of reservoir水库浸没 reservoir immersion水库控制缓洪controlled flood retarding水库库底清理 cleaning of reservoir zone 水库泥沙 Reservoir sediment水库泥沙防治 Prevention of sediment水库年限 ultimate life of reservoir水库渗漏 reservoir leakage水库水文测验 reservoir hydrometry水库塌岸 bank ruin of reservoir水库特征库容 Characteristic capacity of reservoir水库特征水位 Characteristic level of reservoir水库泄空排沙sediment releasing by emptying reservoir水库蓄清排浑 clear water impounding and muddy flow releasing水库淹没补偿compensation for reservoir inundation水库淹没处理Treatment of reservoir inundation水库淹没处理范围treatment zone of reservoir inundation水库淹没界线测量 reservoir inundation line survey水库淹没区 zone of reservoir inundation 水库淹没实物指标material index of reservoir inundation水库异重流 density current in reservoir 水库异重流排沙 sediment releasing by density current水库诱发地震reservoir induced earthquake水库淤积Sediment deposition in reservoir水库淤积测量reservoir accretion survey水库淤积极限 limit state of sediment deposition in reservoir水库淤积平衡比降 equilibrium slope of sediment deposition in reservoir水库淤积上延(翘尾巴) upward extension of reservoir deposition水库淤积纵剖面 longitudinal profile of deposit in reservoir水库滞洪排沙flood retarding and sediment releasing水库自然滞洪 free flood retarding水冷式空压机 water-cooled compressor 水力半径 hydraulic radius水力冲填hydraulic excavation and filling水力冲填坝 hydraulic fill dam水力冲洗式沉沙池hydraulic flushing sedimentation basin水力粗糙度 hydraulic roughness水力粗糙区 hydraulic roughness region 水力共振 hydraulic resonance水力光滑区 hydraulic smooth水力机械 Hydraulic Machinery水力机械与电气设备 HYDRAULIC MACHINERY AND ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT水力机组 hydropower unit水力机组测试 Measurement and test for hydropower unit水力机组的安装和试运行 Installation and starting operation of hydropower unit水力机组调节系统 Regulating system of hydropower unit水力机组辅助系统 Auxiliary system for hydropower unit水力开挖 hydraulic excavation水力坡降 (水力比降 ) hydraulic slope (energy gradient)水力破裂法(水力致裂法) hydro fracturing method水力侵蚀 (水蚀) water erosion水力学 Hydraulics水力要素(水力参数) hydraulic elements水力指数 hydraulic exponent水力自动闸门 hydraulic operating gate 水力最优断面 optimal hydraulic cross section水利工程经营管理management and administration of water project水利计算Computation of water conservancy水利区划 zoning of water conservancy 水利枢纽 hydroproject水利水电工程等别 rank of hydroproject 水利水电工程规划PLANNING OF HYDROENGINEERING水利水电工程技术术语标准 Standard of Technical Terms on Hydroengineering水工建筑物专业英语词汇岸墙 land wall坝顶 dam crest，dam top坝踵 dam heel坝趾 dam toe板桩 sheet pile边墩 side pier，land pier变形模量 deformation modulus 鼻坎 bucket lip 毕肖普法 Bishop method 冰压力 ice pressure 剥离 desquamation 侧槽式溢洪道 side channel Spillway 沉降 settlement 齿墙 cut-off trench 冲沙闸（排沙闸） silt-releasing Sluice 纯拱法 independent arch method 刺墙 key-wall 大头坝 massive-head buttress dam *buttress 是扶壁的意思 单宽流量 discharge per unit width 单曲拱坝 single-curvature arch dam 挡潮闸 tidal sluice 导流隧洞 river diversion tunnel 倒悬度 Overhang degree 底流消能 energy dissipation by underflow 地震作用 earthquake action 垫座 cushion abutment 动水压力 hydrodynamic pressure 断层 fault 堆石坝 rock-fill dam 多拱梁法 multi-arch beam method 阀门 valve gate 防浪墙 wave wall 防渗铺盖 impervious blanket 非常溢洪道 emergency spillway 分洪闸 flood diversion sluice 副坝 auxiliary dam 刚体极限平衡法 limit equilibrium method for rigid block 拱坝 arch dam 拱冠梁 crown cantilever 拱冠粱法 crown cantilever method 工作桥 service bridge 固结灌浆 consolidation grouting 灌溉隧洞 irrigation tunnel 灌浆帷幕 grout curtain 管涌 piping 海漫 apron extension 横缝 transverse joint 虹吸式溢洪道 siphon spillway 蝴蝶阀 butterfly valve 护坡 slope protection 护坦 apron 弧形闸门 radial gate 滑雪道式溢洪道 ski-jump spillway 化学管涌 chemical piping 混凝土防渗墙 concrete cut-off wall 混凝土面板堆石坝 concrete faced rock-fill dam 基本断面 primary section 简化毕肖普法 simplified Bishop method 浆砌石拱坝 stone masonry arch dam 浆砌石重力坝 stone masonry gravity dam 交通桥 traffic bridge 接触冲刷 contact scouring 接触灌浆 contact grouting 接缝灌浆 joint grouting 截水槽 cut-off trench 节制闸 check sluice 进水口 water inlet 进水闸 inlet sluice 井式溢洪道 shaft spillway 静水压力 hydrostatic pressure 均质坝 homogeneous earth dam 抗滑稳定分析 analysis of stability against sliding 抗滑稳定性 stability against sliding 空腹重力坝 hollow gravity dam 空化 cavitation 空蚀 cavitation erosion 空注阀 hollow jet valve 宽缝重力坝 slotted gravity dam 宽尾墩 flaring pier 廊道 gallery 浪压力 wave force 理论计算 theoretical computation 拦河闸 river sluice 沥青混凝土 asphalt concrete 连拱坝 multiple-arch dam 流土soil flow 流网法 flow net method 锚杆 anchor rod 面板 face slab面流消能 energy dissipation by surface flow模型试验 model experiment泥沙压力 silt pressure碾压混凝土坝 Roller Compacted Concrete Dam牛腿 Corbel排沙隧洞 silt-releasing tunnel排水 drainage排水闸 outlet sluice喷混凝土 sprayed concrete平板坝 flat slab buttress dam平面闸门 plane gate破碎带 crushed zone铺盖 blanket砌石护坡 stone pitching人工材料面板坝artificial material faced dam人工材料心墙坝artificial material-core dam溶洞 solution cavern软基重力坝gravity dam on soft foundation软弱夹层 soft intercalated layer实用断面 practical section试载法 trial-load method双曲拱坝 double-curvature arch dam水工建筑物 hydraulic structure水工隧洞hydraulic tunnel，waterway tunnel水力发电隧洞 hydropower tunnel水利枢纽 hydro-complex水力学方法 hydraulics method水平施工缝horizontal joint水闸 sluice弹性模量 elastic modulus挑流消能energy dissipation by trajectory jet土工膜 geomembrane土石坝 earth-rock dam土质斜墙坝 earth dam with inclined soil wall土质斜心墙坝 earth dam with inclined soil core 土质心墙坝 earth dam with soil core帷幕灌浆 curtain grouting温度荷载 temperature load温度控制 temperature control温度应力 temperature stress温度作用 temperature action无压隧洞 free level tunnel消力池 stilling pool消力戽 roller bucket消能工 energy dissipater泄洪隧洞 spillway tunnel泄水建筑物 discharge structure泄水孔 outlet hole新奥法NATM（New Austrian Tunneling Method）胸墙 breast wall扬压力 uplift溢洪道spillway水垫塘 plunge pool溢流坝 overflow dam、翼墙 wing wall应力分析 stress analysis优化设计 optimization design有限单元法 finite element method有压隧洞 pressure tunnel闸墩 pier闸门 gate闸门槽 gate slot正槽式溢洪道 normal channel spillway 整体式重力坝 monolithic gravity dam趾板 toe slab支墩坝 buttress dam重力坝 gravity dam重力墩 gravity abutment周边缝 peripheral joint驻波 standing wave锥形阀 cone valve自由跌流 free drop自重 dead weight纵缝 longitudinal joint键槽 key strench伸缩缝 contraction joint施工缝 construction joint反弧段 flip bucket拦污栅 trash rack渐变段 transition泄槽 chute发电进水口 power intake通气管 air vent检修门 bulkhead gate事故门 emergency gate工作门 service gate堰 weir通气管 air vent胸墙 breast wall梁 beam柱 column回填混凝土 backfill concrete 接地 earth一期混凝土 primary concrete 二期混凝土 secondary concrete 叠梁门 stoplog门机gantry crane止水 waterstop钢筋 reinforcement模板 formwork围堰 cofferdam马道 bench；berm蜗壳 volute水轮机 turbine电站 power house车间 workshop发电机 generator变电站 transformer station副厂房 auxiliary power house 安装间 erection bay尾水闸门 tail lock尾水渠 tailrace引水渠 approach channel前池 fore bay导墙 lead wall隔墙 partition wall接触灌浆 contact grouting回填混凝土 backfill concrete 帷幕灌浆 curtain grouting挡墙 retaining wall港口 harbour港口建筑物 port structure 船闸 navigation lock船闸充水 lock filling船闸充水和泄水系统 locking filling and emptying system船闸前池 upper pool船闸上下游水位差 lock lift船闸闸首 lock head升船机 ship elevator；ship lift鱼道 fish canal旁通管 by-pass齿槽 cut-off wall水工建筑物专业词汇岸墙 land wall坝顶 dam crest，dam top坝踵 dam heel坝趾 dam toe板桩 sheet pile边墩 side pier，land pier变形模量 deformation modulus鼻坎 bucket lip毕肖普法 Bishop method冰压力 ice pressure剥离 desquamation侧槽式溢洪道 side channel Spillway沉降 settlement齿墙 cut-off trench冲沙闸（排沙闸） silt-releasing Sluice纯拱法 independent arch method刺墙 key-wall大头坝massive-head buttress dam *buttress 是扶壁的意思单宽流量 discharge per unit width单曲拱坝 single-curvature arch dam挡潮闸 tidal sluice导流隧洞 river diversion tunnel倒悬度 Overhang degree底流消能energy dissipation by underflow地震作用 earthquake action垫座 cushion abutment动水压力 hydrodynamic pressure断层 fault堆石坝 rock-fill dam多拱梁法 multi-arch beam method阀门 valve gate防浪墙 wave wall防渗铺盖 impervious blanket非常溢洪道 emergency spillway分洪闸 flood diversion sluice副坝 auxiliary dam刚体极限平衡法limit equilibrium method for rigid block拱坝 arch dam拱冠梁 crown cantilever拱冠粱法 crown cantilever method工作桥 service bridge固结灌浆 consolidation grouting灌溉隧洞 irrigation tunnel灌浆帷幕 grout curtain管涌 piping海漫 apron extension横缝 transverse joint虹吸式溢洪道 siphon spillway蝴蝶阀 butterfly valve护坡 slope protection护坦 apron弧形闸门 radial gate滑雪道式溢洪道 ski-jump spillway化学管涌 chemical piping混凝土防渗墙 concrete cut-off wall混凝土面板堆石坝concrete faced rock-fill dam基本断面 primary section简化毕肖普法 simplified Bishop method 浆砌石拱坝 stone masonry arch dam浆砌石重力坝 stone masonry gravity dam 交通桥 traffic bridge接触冲刷 contact scouring接触灌浆 contact grouting接缝灌浆 joint grouting截水槽 cut-off trench节制闸 check sluice进水口 water inlet进水闸 inlet sluice井式溢洪道 shaft spillway静水压力 hydrostatic pressure均质坝 homogeneous earth dam 抗滑稳定分析analysis of stability against sliding抗滑稳定性 stability against sliding 空腹重力坝 hollow gravity dam空化 cavitation空蚀 cavitation erosion空注阀 hollow jet valve宽缝重力坝 slotted gravity dam宽尾墩 flaring pier廊道 gallery浪压力 wave force理论计算 theoretical computation拦河闸 river sluice沥青混凝土 asphalt concrete连拱坝 multiple-arch dam流土soil flow流网法 flow net method锚杆 anchor rod面板 face slab面流消能 energy dissipation by surface flow模型试验 model experiment泥沙压力 silt pressure碾压混凝土坝 Roller Compacted Concrete Dam牛腿 Corbel排沙隧洞 silt-releasing tunnel排水 drainage排水闸 outlet sluice喷混凝土 sprayed concrete平板坝 flat slab buttress dam平面闸门 plane gate破碎带 crushed zone铺盖 blanket砌石护坡 stone pitching人工材料面板坝artificial material faced dam人工材料心墙坝artificial material-core dam溶洞 solution cavern软基重力坝gravity dam on soft foundation软弱夹层 soft intercalated layer实用断面 practical section试载法 trial-load method双曲拱坝 double-curvature arch dam水工建筑物 hydraulic structure水工隧洞hydraulic tunnel，waterway tunnel水力发电隧洞 hydropower tunnel水利枢纽 hydro-complex水力学方法 hydraulics method水平施工缝horizontal joint水闸 sluice弹性模量 elastic modulus挑流消能energy dissipation by trajectory jet土工膜 geomembrane土石坝 earth-rock dam土质斜墙坝 earth dam with inclined soil wall土质斜心墙坝 earth dam with inclined soil core土质心墙坝 earth dam with soil core帷幕灌浆 curtain grouting温度荷载 temperature load温度控制 temperature control温度应力 temperature stress温度作用 temperature action无压隧洞 free level tunnel消力池 stilling pool消力戽 roller bucket消能工 energy dissipater泄洪隧洞 spillway tunnel泄水建筑物 discharge structure泄水孔 outlet hole新奥法NATM（New Austrian Tunneling Method）胸墙 breast wall扬压力 uplift溢洪道spillway水垫塘 plunge pool溢流坝 overflow dam、翼墙 wing wall应力分析 stress analysis优化设计 optimization design有限单元法 finite element method有压隧洞 pressure tunnel 闸墩 pier闸门 gate闸门槽 gate slot正槽式溢洪道 normal channel spillway 整体式重力坝 monolithic gravity dam 趾板 toe slab支墩坝 buttress dam重力坝 gravity dam重力墩 gravity abutment周边缝 peripheral joint驻波 standing wave锥形阀 cone valve自由跌流 free drop自重 dead weight纵缝 longitudinal joint键槽 key strench伸缩缝 contraction joint施工缝 construction joint反弧段 flip bucket拦污栅 trash rack渐变段 transition泄槽 chute发电进水口 power intake通气管 air vent检修门 bulkhead gate事故门 emergency gate工作门 service gate堰 weir通气管 air vent胸墙 breast wall梁 beam柱 column回填混凝土 backfill concrete接地 earth一期混凝土 primary concrete二期混凝土 secondary concrete叠梁门 stoplog门机gantry crane止水 waterstop钢筋 reinforcement模板 formwork围堰 cofferdam马道 bench；berm蜗壳 volute水轮机 turbine电站 power house车间 workshop发电机 generator变电站 transformer station副厂房 auxiliary power house安装间 erection bay尾水闸门 tail lock尾水渠 tailrace引水渠 approach channel前池 fore bay导墙 lead wall隔墙 partition wall接触灌浆 contact grouting回填混凝土 backfill concrete帷幕灌浆 curtain grouting挡墙 retaining wall港口 harbour港口建筑物 port structure船闸 navigation lock船闸充水 lock filling船闸充水和泄水系统 locking filling and emptying system船闸前池 upper pool船闸上下游水位差 lock lift船闸闸首 lock head升船机 ship elevator；ship lift鱼道 fish canal旁通管 by-pass齿槽 cut-off wall。

水利水电工程地质常用词汇（汉英对照）2.岩性rock character 2．1 第四系沉积物quaternary deposit堆积物accumulation冲积物alluvium洪积物diluvium坡积物slope wash滑坡堆积物slide sediments 2．2 沉积岩sedimentary rock漂石erratic boulder孤石lonestone块石rock block卵石pebble碎石debris砾石gravel砂sand粉土silt砂壤土sandy loam壤土loam淤泥mud粘土clay填筑土backfill砾岩conglomerate砾砂岩conglomeratic sandstone 砂质粘土sandy clay粘土质砂clayey sand粘土质砂岩clayey sandstone锆石zircon电气石tourmaline红柱石andalusite绿柱石beryl堇青石cordierite 十字石staurolite黄玉topaz刚玉corundum金刚石diamond伊利石illite glimmerton4. 颜色(Colour)粉红色pink橙红色salmon pink浅粉红色baby pink鲜粉红色shocking pink褐色, 茶色brown灰褐色beige红褐色, 赭石色chocolate浅褐色sandy beige驼色camel琥珀色amber卡其色khaki褐红色maroon绿色green蓝色blue红色red紫色purple, violet白色white灰色gray6.4结构面性状平直Gentle波动起伏fluctuation,rolling,wave 光滑Smooth粗糙Rough7.物理地质现象7.1风化、蚀变、卸荷风化weathering风化带zone of weathering风化壳crust of weathering风化砂weathering sandstone风化程度weathering degree全风化completely weathered强风化highly weathered弱风化moderately weathered微风化slightly weathered新鲜fresh蚀变alteration物理蚀变physical alteration化学蚀变chemical alteration热液蚀变hydrothermal alteration 蚀变矿物altered mineral蚀变火山岩altered volcanic rocks 卸荷relaxation岩石松弛relaxation of rock应力松弛relaxation of stress卸载岩石,消除应力的岩石relaxed rock7.2崩塌、滑坡崩塌collapse滑坡landslide7.3岩溶(karst)岩溶地形karst topography岩溶[侵蚀]基准karst base level 岩溶景观karst landscape岩溶盆地karst basin 岩溶井karst well岩溶水karst water岩溶侵蚀karst erosion 8．水文地质8.1地下水类型地下水,潜水ground water地下水位,潜水位ground water level 地下水排泄区discharge area of ground water地下水位坡降gradient of water table 孔隙潜水pore groundwater裂隙潜水fissure groundwater裂隙承压水fissure artesian groundwater8．2渗流状态渗流,渗漏seepage渗流控制seepage control渗流区vadose region渗流速度percolation velocity渗流压力percolation pressure渗透性permeability渗透系数coefficient of permeability 渗透流量seepage discharge9．岩体力学指标9．1岩石力学参数强度strength抗压强度compressive strength 抗剪强度shear strength抗拉强度tensile strength抗弯强度,抗折强度bending strength 单轴抗压强度uniaxial compressive strength单轴抗拉强度uniaxial tensile strength 无侧限抗压强度unconfined compressive strength无排水抗剪强度undrained shear strength残余强度residual strength长期强度long term strength峰值(抗剪强度) peak value (of shearing strength)凝聚力,内聚力cohesion围压强度strength under peripheral pressure9．2土力学参数变形deformation 弹性变形elastic deformation塑性变形plastic deformation弹塑性变形elastic-plastic deformation粘弹性变形viscoelastic deformation 粘滞塑性变形,粘塑性变性visco-plastic deformation均匀变形homogeneous deformation 不均匀变形nonaffine deformation不可恢复变形,永久变形irreversible deformation屈服变形yield deformation徐变变形,蠕变变形creep deformation 渗透变形seepage deformation9.3岩体力学参数弹性模量elasticity modulus变形模量deformation modulus 剪切模量shear modulus粘弹性模量viscoelastic modulus 压缩模量modulus of compression 10. 建筑材料(construction material)天然骨料natural aggregate人工骨料artificial aggregate粗骨料coarse aggregate细骨料fine aggregate混凝土骨料concrete aggregate 人工砂artificial sand掺和料admixture配料batching石料rock material土料earth material开挖料excavation material渣料rock spoil天然砂砾料natural sand and gravel 粉煤灰fly ash碎石土debrisc soil砾质土gravelly soil粘性土cohesive soil; clayey soil 细度模数fineness modulus(FM) 骨料级配gradation间断级配gap gradation连续级配continuous gradation砂砾石sand and gravel针状颗粒needle-shaped particle 片状颗粒flake-shaped particle软弱颗粒soft particle平均粒径mean diameter比重specific gravity天然密度natural density干密度dry density 最大干密度maximum drydensity最优含水量optjmum water content 天然休止角nature angle of repose 堆积密度piling density紧密密度compation density石料场rock quarrying土料场soil borrow area存料场stockpile弃渣场spoil area有用层effective layer无用层unavailable layer剥离层overburden stripping formation 剥采比stripping ratio剥离量overburden amount开采quarry运输transportation质量quality储量reserve运距haul distance水泥cenment11. 试验(experiment)岩土现场测试field investigation of soils and rocks土工原位测试in-situ measurement of soils标准灌入试验standard penetration test动力触探试验dynamic cone penetration test静力触探试验static cone penetration test比灌入阻力specific penetration resistanc旁压试验pressuremeter test载荷试验plate bearing test十字板剪切试验vane shear test岩体原位测试in-situ measurement of rocks三维应力测试three-dimensional stess measurement地应力测量geostress survey应力解除法stress relief method应力恢复法stress restoration method 狭缝法（刻槽法）narrow slot method 收敛测量convergence measurement 现场直剪实验in-situ shear test承压板试验bearing plate test水力致裂法hydrofracturing method 声测井acoustic emission well (AEW) 现场监测field monitoring压水试验water-pressure test吕荣试验Lugeon test抽水试验pumping test注水试验water injection test 灌浆试验grouting test点荷载试验point-loading test回弹测试rebond hammar test实验室试验laboratory test取样sampling原状土样undisturbed soil sample扰动土样disturbed soil sample物理力学性试验physical and mechanic properties test颗粒分析grading analysis三轴试验triaxial test击实试验proctor compaction test崩解试验slaking test尺寸效应scale effect时间效应time effect长期观测long-term observation试验资料test data试验成果test result试验报告test report12.水工设计(hydraulic design)12.1设计阶段(design stage)河流规划river planning选坝selecting damsite预可行性研究pre-feasibility study可行性研究feasibility study初步设计preliminary design技施设计tech-construction design招标设计tender design施工详图设计detail construction drawing design12.2水工建筑物(hydraulic structure)水利枢纽hydroproject枢纽布置layout of hydroproject挡水建筑物water retaining structure 取水建筑物water intake structure泄水建筑物water release structure输水建筑物water conveyance structure通航建筑物navigation structure过鱼建筑物fish pass structure永久性建筑物permanent structure临时性建筑物temporary structure水工建筑物级别工程规模project scale主坝main dam副坝auxiliary dam坝轴线dam axis 坝高high dam坝长length of dam坝顶dam crest坝底dam base坝坡dam slope坝间dam abutment坝踵dam heel坝趾dam toe坝段dam monolith重力坝gravity dam实体重力坝solid gravity dam混泥土重力坝concrete gravity dam 碾压混泥土坝roller compacted concrete dam浆砌石重力坝masonry gravity dam 预应力重力坝prestressed gravity dam 溢流重力坝overflow gravity dam灌浆廊道grouting gallery排水廊道drainage gallery检查廊道inspection gallery交通廊道access gallery拱坝arch dam拱轴线centerline of arch单曲拱坝single curvature arch dam 双曲拱坝double curvature arch dam 抛物线拱坝parabolic arch dam椭圆形拱坝elliptical arch dam薄拱坝thin arch dam重力拱坝gravity arch dam空腹重力拱坝hollow gravity arch dam溢流拱坝overflow arch dam支墩坝buttress dam平板坝flat slab buttress dam大头坝massive-head dam连拱坝mutiple-arch dam土石坝earth-rock dam土坝earth dam均质土坝homogeneous earth dam粘土心墙土石坝clay core earth-rock dam沥青混凝土心墙土石坝asphaltic concrete core earth-rock dam粘土斜墙土石坝sloping core earth-rock dam沥青混凝土面板土石坝asphaltic concrete facing earth-rock dam溢流土石坝overflow earth-rock dam 钢筋混泥土面板堆石坝reinforced concrete facing rockfill dam防浪墙wave wall (parapet)护坡slope protection防渗铺盖impervious blanket棱体排水prism drainage 反滤层filter溢洪道spillway开敞式溢洪道open channel spillway 正常溢洪道main spillway非常溢洪道emergency spillway陡槽式溢洪道chute spillway虹吸式溢洪道siphon spillway进水渠entrance channel闸门gate泄槽chute跳流鼻坎flip bucket;deflecting bucket 出水渠outlet channel冲刷坑scour hole; washout水工隧洞hydraulic tunnel导流隧洞diversion tunnel泄洪隧洞spillway tunnel发电隧洞power tunnel灌溉隧洞irrigation tunnel放空隧洞emptying tunnel有压隧洞pressure tunnel无压随洞free-flow tunnel不衬砌随洞unlined tunnel排水随洞drainage tunnel涵洞culvert填埋管buried pipeline沟埋管trenched pipeline钢性管rigid pipe柔性管flexible pipe钢筋混凝土管reinforced concrete pipe塔式进水口tower intake竖井式进水口shaft intake沉沙池sedimentation basin渡槽aqueduct(fiume)倒虹吸管inverted siphon落差建筑物drop structure通航建筑物navigation structure船闸navigation lock (ship lock)多级船闸muti-line lock (mutiple lock) 13.地质图件和图表13.1地质图件第四纪地质图quaternary geology map, quaternary geology plan 覆盖层地质图drift map, overburden map, drift plan基岩地质图bedrock map, bedrock plan构造地质图geological structure map, geological structure plan地质剖面图geological section, geological profile实测地质剖面图field-acquired geological profile横剖面图transverse profile, cross-section 纵剖面图longitudinal profile综合柱状图composite columnar section立体投影图fence diagram钻孔柱状图geological log of drill hole , borehole log平硐展视图geological log of adit 水文地质图hydrogeological map 渗透剖面seepage profile等水位线图water table contour map实际材料图primitive data map, primitive data plan赤平投影图stereogram极点图point diagram等密图contour diagram节理玫瑰图rose diagram of joints, rosette joint diagram, strike diagram of joints区域地质图regional geological map水库地质图geological map of reservoir枢纽区工程地质图engineering geological plan of project area坝址区工程地质图engineering geological plan of damsite area引水渠尾水渠工程地质图engineering geological plan of Diversion and Tailwater channel厂房工程地质图engineering geological plan of power house浸没区及防护区工程地质图geological plan of immersion area and protection area天然建筑材料产地分布图distribution plan of a quarry and borrow areas for natural construction 坝址区实际材料图location plan of in-situ exploratory works on damsite心滩天然砂砾料场地质图geological plan of Xinta sand and gravel borrow area料场分布图 A distribute plan of borrow area土料场地质平面图geological plan of soil borrow area石料场地质平面图geological plan of rock quarry土料场地质剖面图geological section of soil borrow area石料场地质剖面图geological section of rock quarry坝轴线工程地质剖面图engineering geological profile of dam axis坝趾板线工程地质剖面图engineering geological section along dam plinth厂房机组中心线工程地质剖面图engineering geological profile along central line of turbo generator units坝轴线防渗帷幕水文地质剖面图hydrologic engineering geological profile along imrervious curtain on dam axis右岸引航道轴线工程地质剖面图engineering geological profile along right-bank navigation approach channel axis河床地质纵剖面图geological longitudinal profile of river bed上游围堰工程地质剖面图engineering geological profile upstream cofferdam下游围堰工程地质剖面图engineering geological profile downstream cofferdam上游子围堰轴线工程地质剖面图engineering geological section along axis of upstream cofferdam下游子围堰轴线工程地质剖面图engineering geological section along axis of downstream cofferdam施工大桥轴线工程地质剖面图engineering geological profile along proposed construction ridge axis防护堤工程地质剖面engineering geological profile along protection embankment心滩天然砂砾料场地质剖面图geological profile of xintan sand and gravel area引水渠工程地质纵剖面图engineering geological lognitudinal profile along approach channel厂房工程地质横剖面图engineering geological transverse section of powerhouse厂房纵1工程地质剖面图engineering geological longitvpinal profile Ⅰof poweehouse土料场工程地质剖面图engineering geological profile of soilmaterial borrow area导流洞工程地质纵剖面图engineering geological section along diversion tunnel放空隧洞工程地质纵剖面图engineering geological section along intermediate outlet tunnel溢洪道工程地质纵剖面图engineering geological section along spillway route溢洪道工程地质横剖面图engineering geological cross section of spillway区域主干断裂及强震带分布图Distribution of the regional major faults and pleistoseismic zones工程区外围地震危险区active seismic zones around the project area 枢纽区Ⅱ、Ⅲ级结构面走向玖瑰图Strike rose diagram of discontinuity plane class Ⅱ、Ⅲin the project area 枢纽区Ⅱ、Ⅲ级结构面极点等密图Pole contour diagram of discontinuity plane classⅡ、Ⅲin the project area 枢纽区f、g极点等密图Pole contour diagram of f and g on the project area枢纽区左岸节理极点等密图Pole contour diagram of joints on the left bank in project area左岸坝肩上、下游侧边坡开挖示意图The schematic diagram of upstream and downstream side slop excavating on the left abutment砂砾层天然砂颗分曲线图Gradation curve of natural sand in sand and gravel layer心滩天然砂砾料场初勘探布置示意图Sketch map of exploratory arrangement during detailed exploration for Xintan sand and gravel borrow area天然含水量随深度变化图Variation of natural Moisture content with depth左岸颗粒分析粒配曲线图Grain size distribution curve of the left bank 左岸料区ρd~ω关系曲线图Left bank borrow area ρd ~ ωrelationship curves孔隙比（e）与（p）关系图Relationship between void ratio (e) and pressure (p)抗剪强度与垂直压力的关系曲线图Relationship curves between shear strength and vertical pressure物探工作布置图Layout of geophysical prospecting workA剖面地震勘探成果图Results of seismic prospecting on A profile PD2平洞锤击法Vp成果图V P results of hammer-blow survey on left wall of PD2aditZK14钻孔电阻率测井柱状图Log of comprehensive logging of ZK14 drillhole尾水渠开挖线excavation line of tailwater channel开采线excavation depth开挖线excavation line原地面线natural ground工程建筑物轮廓线outline of engineering structure正常蓄水位线normal storage water level设计蓄水位线design storage level 正常蓄水位normal WL.死水位min operating WL.百年洪水位100-tear flood WL. 正常尾水位normal TWL.最低尾水位min TWL.校核洪水位check flood WL.设计洪水位design flood WL.水库蓄水位线及高程storage leave and elevation of reservoir料场范围线boundary of borrow area or quarry area普查范围线boundary line of general survey初查储量计算范围线boundary line of preliminarily investigated reserves风化界线boundary of weathered zones地下水位线groundwater level相对隔水层界线boundary of relative confining bed坝基开挖线及高程dam foundation excavation line and EL.厂房开挖线及高程powerhouse excavation line and EL.剖面线及编号geological section line and numbed, profile line and No. 端点end point 转点transition测量控制点control point of survey接图表index to adjoining sheets 交厂横cross section of plant location 交纵1 cross profile 1剖面交点cross point of profile剖面距离distance勘探深度depth勘探间距spacing剖面方向direction13.2地质图表料场概况一览表summary of borrow areas and quarry ones with construction各坝料颗粒分析级配曲线gradation curves of rock fill materials 表3-1泉水类型及流量Table 3-1 type and discharge of springs钻孔地下水位Groundwater level in drill holes钻孔压水试验单位吸水量汇总Summerized unit leakage rate value of water pressure test in drill holes钻孔岩芯试验室试验成果Laboratory testing of drill corn冲积层砂砾石试验成果Test results of alluvial gravel and sands冲积层粘土试验成果Test results of alluvial clay现场承压板变形模量试验成果In-situ plate-bearing test results现场剪力试验成果In-situ shear test resultsVp测定成果Results of Vp measurements现场地应力测量成果In-situ stress measurement results土料试验成果汇总表Test results of earth material土料试验成果表Test results of soil物理力学性试验成果Physical and mechanical test results显微镜鉴定矿物组成结果Mineral composition determined by microscope化学分析成果Results of chemical analysis岩石试验综合成果表Physical and mechanical properties化学分析结果Results of chemical analysis砂桨膨胀率试验成果Test results of mortar expansion ratio 化学试验结果Result of chemical tests节理统计表Summary of join可行性研究阶段完成钻探工作量统计表Completed drilling work quantities at feasibility study stage可行性研究阶段完成坑、槽探工作量统计表Completed test pits and trenches prospecting work quantities at feasibility study stage岩石力学现场试验项目及工作量统计表Field rock test items and their work quantities可行性研究阶段钻孔地下水位长期观测汇总表summary of long-term groundwater table observations in the drill holes at feasibility study in the project area工作量统计表Summary of work quantity本区地震统计表seismic summary in the region历史地震对坝址影响烈度表Influence intensity of the historic earthquake on the damsite工程区断层主要特征表Main characteristics of the fault in the project area库区滑坡、崩塌体特征表Characteristics landslide and collapse in reservoir area库区褶皱形态特征表Characteristics of fold form in reservoir area库区断裂汇总表Summary of faults in reservoir area水库库岸分段特征及稳定性评价表Evaluation on stability and divisional characteristics on reservoir banks库区断裂破裂长度与诱发地震强度关系表The relationship between the induced earthquake magnitudeand the fractured length of the reservoir fault景洪水电站枢纽区结构面分级表Classification of discontinuity planesin project area枢纽区主要断层、挤压带汇总表Summary of major faults and compressive zones in project area枢纽区f、g发育特征表Dereloped characteristics of f and g in the project area枢纽区断层、挤压带（面）破碎带矿物分析成果表Mineral analysis results of the faults andcompressive zone (planes) in project area枢纽区断层、挤压带（面）破碎带物质化学分析成果表Chemical analysis results of mineral from faults and compressive zones (planes) in project area枢纽区滑坡、松动体特征表Characteristics of landslide and loosened mass in project area枢纽区主要冲沟特征汇总表summary of characteristics of major gully in project area景洪水电站岩体风化程度分级表Classification of the weathering degree of rock mass of the Jinghong hydropower project枢纽区覆盖层及风化深度表Overburden layer and weathering depth in project area景洪水电站坝址区水质简分析成果汇总表Summary of simple analysis of water quality in dam area of Jionghong hydropower project枢纽区地下水水位长期观测资料统计表Summary of long-term observation data for groundwater table in project area枢纽区风化带、破碎带透水性统计表Permeability of the weathered and fractured zone in the project area岩石物理力学性试验成果汇总表Summary of test results of physico-mechanical property of rock 岩体现场变形试验成果表Results of in-situ deformation test of rock mass枢纽区各类岩体M、E建议值Recommended value of M & E of various type of the rock mass in the project area枢纽区各类岩体抗剪强度指标建议值Recommended value of indexes of the shear strength of various type of the rock mass in the project area枢纽区现场抗剪试验成果汇总表Summary of results of In-situ shear-resisting test in project area原位剪切试验成果（结构面）In sit shear test results (discontinuities)枢纽区混凝土/基岩抗剪强度指标建议值Recommended value of indexes of the shear strength for concrete on bedrock in the project area 枢纽区平洞岩体纵波波速成果表Results of the longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass at the adits in the project area枢纽区钻孔岩体纵波波速成果表Results of the longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass at the drillholes in the project area枢纽区岩体结构类型划分表Classification of type of rock structure in project area坝（厂）基岩岩体质量分级表Classification of bedrock quality at dam (powerhouse) foundation for jinghong hydropower project枢纽区不同岩体结构类型百分比统计表Various type of rock structure in project areaⅠ、Ⅱ坝轴线方案坝基风化层深度对比表A comparison of the weathered layer depth at the dam foundation between dam axisⅠandⅡalternatives坝（厂）基河床冲积层厚度表Thickness of the alluvium in the riverbed at the dam and the owerhouse foundation坝（厂）基主要断层、挤压带汇总表Summary of main faults and compressive zones at dam and (powerhouse) foundationG48各揭露点挤压带性状汇总表Summary of G48 compressive zone behaviour exposed points坝基f、g平均发育间距汇总表Summary of f and g developed spacing in average at the dam foundation坝（厂）基各部位节理组发育情况汇总表Summary of the developed condition of the join sets at the various parts of the dam (powerhouse) foundati坝（厂）基勘探平洞缓倾角节理汇总表（∠30°）Summary of lower angle (<30°) joints in exploratory adits on dam (and power house) foundatio坝（厂）基缓倾角节理连通率统计汇总表Summary of lower angle join continuity at the dam (powerhouse) foundation坝（厂）基风化带及覆盖层底界埋深表Depth of different weathering zone and overburden at dam and powerhouse foundation坝（厂）基地段岩体卸荷裂隙发育深度表Summary of the stress relieved fissure developed depth in the rock mass at the dam (powerhouse) foundation area坝基地段极微透水层（ω〈0.01l/min.m.m) Depth of very little permeable layer总体埋藏深度(w<0.011/min.m.m(<1 lugeon)) at the dam foundation area左坝肩各部位开挖深度表Excavation depth at the various parts on the right dam abutment右坝肩各部位开挖深度表Excavation depth at the various parts on the left dam abutment心滩砂砾料场勘探资料一览表Exploratory data at Xintan borrow area 天然建筑材料需求量表Requiredengineering quantity of natural construction material心滩天然砂砾料场砂砾层试验成果汇总表Summary of test results of sand and gravel layer of Xintan natural and grave borrow area混凝土粗骨料质量技术要求与Concrete coarse aggregate comparison of quality technical试验值（加权平均值）对比表requirements with the test value (weightaverage value)混凝土细骨料质量技术要求与Concrete fine aggregate comparison of quality technical试验值（加权平均值）对比表requirements with the test value (weightaverage value)砂砾层天然砂颗分级配（加权平均值）表Grading of natural sand in sand and gravel layer (weighted average value)储量计算成果表results of reserves calculations石料场勘探资料汇总表Summary of exploratory data in quarry area右岸料区天料含水量、天然密度汇总表Natural moisture content and natural density in the right bank borrow area颗粒级配百分含量统计表Grain composition土料分散度统计表Soil dispersity test results 天然含水量与击实、可塑性关系表Relationship between natural moisture content, compactness and plasticity土料定名统计表Classification of earth materials压缩系数a v(0.1-0.3)统计表Compression factor a v(0.1~0.3)摩擦角及凝聚力统计表Friction angle and cohesion渗透系数统计表Permeability coefficients现场原状土样湿化试验统计表In-situ undisturbed soil sample slaking test results扰动土样湿化试验统计表Disturbed soil sample slaking test results化学分析统计表Chemical analysis results胀缩性试验统计表Swelling-shrinkage test resultsⅠ号土料场天然含水量、天然Summary of natural moisture content and natural density密度试验成果汇总表test results of No.1 borrow area天然含水量、天然密度与击实、Natural moisture content, density, compaction,Liquid液塑限试验成果统计表Limit and plastic limit test results土壤分类统计表Soil classification土料压缩系数，压缩模量统计表Compressibility coefficient andcompression modulus of soil material 土料直剪强度Ф、С值统计表Direct shear strength ( and C values) of earth material samples土料渗透试验成果统计表Results of permeability test on soil samples土料湿化试验成果统计表Slake durability test results of soil material土料有机质、易溶盐试验成果表Organic matter and strongly soluble salt content test results of soil material 土料胀缩性试验成果统计表Swelling shrinkage test results of soil material物理性及易溶盐含量统计表Physical property and soluble salt content test results soil material颗粒分析、渗透系数及力学性统计表Grain Size analysis, permeability coefficient and mechanical property test results of earth material砂料视比重及吸水率统计表Sand apparent specific gravity and absorption rate砂干松密度及空隙率统计表Min. sand dry density and porosity砂颗粒级配百分含量统计表Sand grain composition (%)砂粒度模数及平均粒径统计表Grain size modulus and average grain size砂云母含量及含泥量统计表Mica and silt content 砂硫化物（SO3）及水溶盐含量统计表达式Sulphide (SO3) content and dissolved salt content砾石比重及吸水率统计表Gravel specific gravity and absorption rate砾石干松密度及空隙率统计表gravel min. density and porosity砾石颗粒全级配百分含量统计表Full grading of gravel砾石5~150MM粒径颗粒级配百分含量统计表Grading of gravel (5 mm~150 mm)软弱颗粒含量统计表Soft particle content针片状颗粒含量统计表Needle-shaped & flake-shaped grain content砾石含泥量统计表Silt content test results砂、砾石骨料碱活性试验成果表Alkali aggregate reaction test results岩石物理性试验成果汇总表Summary of physical properties test results of rock samples岩石物理力学性试验成果汇总表Rock physical and mechanical properties test results岩石力学性试验成果统计表Laboratory rock mechanical test results岩石三轴抗剪强度、直剪强度试验成果表R ock triaxial shear strength & direct shear strength test results岩石力学性试验成果统计表Rock physical and mechanicalproperties test results原状土样试验成果统计表Test results of undisturbed soil samples颗粒分析及抗剪强度统计表Grading analysis and shear strength test results物探工作量统计表达式Geophysical prospecting work quantities地震勘探成果表Seismic prospecting results声波测试岩体分类标准表Rock mass classification criteria by acoustic test平洞岩体分类成果表Classification results of adit Rock mass14.其它14.1地形、地貌等高线contour等高距contour interval高程elevation绝对高程absolute elevation相对高程relative elevation地形land form地貌geomorphy平原plain丘陵地hill山地mountain高地highland垭口col河谷river valley 峡谷gorge纵谷longitudinal横谷transverse分水岭waterdivide, watershed河漫滩floodplain阶地terrace侵蚀阶地erosional terrace堆积阶地constructional terrace 基座阶地bedrock seated terrace 牛轭湖ox-bow lake古河道ancient river course准平原peneplain夷平面planation surface残丘inselberg洪积扇proluvial fan三角洲delta冲积平原alluvial plain河流阶地fluvial terrace冲积扇alluvial fan洪积扇diluvial fan坡积裙talus apron坳沟shallow flat ravine冲沟gully岩溶地貌karst land feature, karst landform土洞karstic earth cave14.2 地震地震区seismic area, earthquake area 震源seismic source, seismic focus震源深度focus depth震中epicenter地震波seismic wave主震main shock前震foreshock余震aftershock震源机制focusmechanism地震前兆premonitory symptom 地震区划seismic zoning纵波longitudinal wave横波transverse wave水库诱发地震reservoir impounding induced seismicity, reservoir induced earthquake地震震级earthquake magnitude 地震烈度seismic intensity, earthquake intensity场地烈度site intensity设计烈度design intensity地震反应谱seismic response spectrum震陷earthquake subsidence砂土液化liquefaction of sand液化指数liquefaction index地震系数seismic coefficient地震影响系数coefficient of seismic effect地震小区划seismic microzonation, seismic microzoning地震危险性分析earthquake hazard evaluation等震线isoseismals罗氏烈度rossi-forel intensity麦加利烈度mercalli intensity里氏震级richter magnitude修正麦氏烈度modified mercalli intensity 14.3 地应力地应力ground stress, geostatic stress初始应力initial stress构造应力tectonic stress残余应力residual stress感生应力induced stress地应力场ground stress field, geostatic stress field自重应力self-weight stress岩土体中的应力stresses in soil-rock mass附加应力superimposed stress应力水平stress level应力路径stress path应力历史stress history有效应力effective stress初始应力状态initial stress state 侧压力系数lateral pressure coefficient周围压力（三轴压力室围压）confining pressure , ambient pressure 基底压力foundation pressure ,gross loading intensity岩体初始应力（地应力，天然应力）initial stress of rock mass岩体应力重分布stress redistribution周边应力circumferential stress应力集中系数stress concentration factor岩芯饼化现象formation of disk-shaped rock cores岩体中的静水压力状态hydrostatic pressure hypothesis岩体原位测试in-situmeasurement of rocks应力解除法stress relief method 应力恢复法stree restoration method狭缝法（刻槽法）narrow slot method水力破裂法hydrofracturing method土体的沉降及变形计算settlement and deformation calculation of soil mass地基沉降ground settlement最终沉降量ultimate settlement 不均匀沉降differential settlement, unequal settlement沉降计算经验系数empirical coefficient of settlement calculation瞬时沉降initial settlement固结沉降consolidation settlement次固结沉降secondary consolidation settlement初始压缩曲线initial compression curve, virgin compression curve现场初始压缩曲线field initial compression curve容许变形（允许变形）allowable deformation湿陷系数coefficient of collapsibility湿陷起始压力initial collapse pressure自重湿陷系数coefficient of collapsibility due to overburden pressure围岩应力secondary stress state, surrounding rock stress围岩应力集中系数factor of stress-concentration in surrounding rock岩石压力rock pressure应力松弛stress relaxation松动区loosened zone, loose zone 围岩偏压non-uniform rock pressure内水压力internal water pressure 外水压力external water pressure14.4 边坡岩土边坡earth slope and rock slop边坡稳定slope stability边坡临界高度critical height of slop边界条件boundary condition, edge condition休止角angle of repose岩体结构structure of rock mass 结构面structural plane, discontinuity结构体structural mass, structural body, structural element滑动面slip plane拉裂面pull apart plane切割面cutting plane临空面free surface硬性结构面rigid structural plane软弱结构面soft structural plane 贯通结构面through structural plane非贯通结构面disconnected structural plane平直结构面flat structural plane 波状结构面wavy structural plane 台阶结构面step structural plane 起伏度waviness软弱夹层weak intercalation泥化夹层siltized intercalation块状结构massive structure碎裂结构clastic structure镶嵌结构interlocked structure层状结构stratified structure 14.5 基础基础foundation, footing浅基础shallow foundation, shallow footing深基础deep foundation埋深embedment depth扩展基础spread footing条形基础strip foundation, strip footing筏形基础raft foundation, mat foundation板式基础slab foundation格排基础grillage foundation, grillage raft联合基础combined footing箱形基础box foundation补偿基础floating foundation, compensated foundation 沉井open caisson沉箱caisson地梁foundation beam, grade beam桩基础pile foundation, piled foundation群桩pile group桩承台pile cap高桩承台highrise pile cap低桩承台buried pile cap摩擦桩friction pile端承桩end bearing pile嵌岩桩socketed pile排土桩displacement pile少排土桩small displacement pile 不排土桩nondisplacement pile预制混凝土桩precast concrete pile板桩sheet pile旋喷桩jet－grouted pile灌注桩cast－in－place pile沉管灌注桩driven cast－in－place pile法兰基灌注桩Franki pile墩pier扩底墩belled pier, under－reamed pier被动桩passive pile支护桩soldier pile, tangent pile 地下边续墙diaphragm wall,slurry wall支撑bracing井点降水well－point dewatering 桩极限承载力ultimate bearing capacity of pile。

水利水电英汉词典English Chinese3-D elastoplastic finite element analysis 三维弹塑性有限元分析50-year frequency flood 五十年一遇洪水a-axis a轴A-battery A 电池组a-dipping 向倾向A.C and D.C chang-over 交直流电源切换A.C.brake 交流制动器a.c.generator 交流发电机aa-field 块熔岩地面aa-lava 块熔岩Aalenian stage 阿连阶(中侏罗世时期)aarite 砷锑镍矿Aasby-diabase 阿斯柏辉绿岩abactinal 背面壳abacus 算盘,(柱顶部的)顶板,柱冠,列线图,曲线图abacus-bead stone 算珠石abamurus 挡土墙,支墩abandon 抛弃,放弃,废弃,舍弃abandoned channel 废河道abandoned land 撂荒地abandoned meander 废弃曲流,废河湾abandoned shore line (海,河,湖等的)废岸线,旧岸线abat-vent 固定百叶窗通气帽挡风斜板坡屋顶,金属烟囱abate a price 还价,降价abatement 减少(小轻退价)消除,中断废料减税,撤消索赔，撤消部分或全部索赔abatement claim 减价要求abatement of tax (taxes) 减税,免税abatis 障碍物,三角形木架透水坝abbe refractometer 阿贝折光仪abbertite 黑沥青abbreviate 缩短,省略,简略,节略,约分abbreviated address call 短缩地址调用abbreviated addressing 节略寻址,短缩寻址abbreviation 缩写,缩短,简化abductor 展肌abernathyite 水砷钾铀矿aberration (1)象差(2)光行差aberration (abberration) 像差,光行差,偏差,失常,畸变abeyance 中止,停顿,暂时无效abichite 光线矿abide 持续,继续,持久,保留,坚持,遵守,居住abide by contract 遵守合同abiding place 寓所,住宅,所在地abietic resin 松脂,松香树脂abietinean 松杉的ability 能力,性能,技能ability to pay 支付能力,购买力,纳税能力abime 深渊,无底洞abiotic 非生物的,无生命的abiotic factor 非生物因素abkhazite 透闪石棉ablation 消融(作用)ablation 冰面融化,消融,磨蚀,消蚀,水力冲刷,剥落, ablation 风化,脱离,切开ablation area 冰川消融区,消融带ablation breccia 溶蚀角砾岩,消融角砾岩ablation cone 冰锥ablation drift 融蚀冰碛,风化冰碛ablation factor 消融系数,烧蚀因数ablation moraine 消融碛ablation moraine 消融冰碛ablation period 消融期ablation season 消融期,消融季节ablation swamp 消融沼泽,冰融沼泽ablation till 消融碛ablation till 消融冰碛ablykite 阿布石abney level 手水准仪abnormal 异常abnormal 反常的,不正常的,非正态的,异常的,不规则的abnormal 变态的abnormal anticlinorium 逆复背斜,上敛复背斜,倒扇状复背斜abnormal anticlinoriun 逆复背斜abnormal climate 异常气候abnormal contact 异常接触abnormal current 事故电流,异常电流,异常海流abnormal curve 非正态曲线.非正规曲线.异常曲线abnormal drainage 异常水系abnormal dump 异常转储abnormal end 不正常终止,异常结束abnormal erosion 反常侵蚀,反常冲蚀,异常侵蚀abnormal fan-shaped fold 逆扇状褶皱abnormal fault 异常断层abnormal fault 异常断层,逆断层abnormal growth 异常繁殖,异常生长abnormal information 异常信息abnormal interference colours 异常干涉色abnormal overload 事故过载,异常过载abnormal overvoltage 事故过电压,异常过电压abnormal phenomena 反常现象,异常现象abnormal return 异常返回abnormal scour 异常冲刷abnormal seismic intensity 异常地震列度abnormal spoilage 非正常损失abnormal statement 不规则语句,异常语句abnormal termination 异常终结abnormal tide 异常潮,稀遇潮abnormal voltage 异常电压,反常电压abnormal water level 非常水位abnormality 不正常现象,不规则,异常变态,畸形,紊乱, abnormality 破坏,违反aboideau (aboiteau) 挡潮闸,水闸,坝,堰aboral organ 反口器aboral surface (Echinoderms) 反口面(背面)(棘皮类) aboriginal 原来的,土著的,本地居民,土产abort 夭折,截止,放弃,故障,失灵,异常终止abort sensing 故障测定abortive 未生效的,未成功的abound 丰富,充满,多above critical 超临界的,临界以上的above freezing 零上,冰点以上above grade 地面以上,高于原定等级above sea level 海拔,拔海高度above the line expenditure 经常预算支出,线上项目支出abra 岩洞abra (abri) 落水洞,岩洞,岩穴,地穴abradant 研磨剂,研磨材料,金刚砂,研磨用的,磨擦着的abrade 研磨,擦伤,擦掉,擦破,磨损,磨蚀,磨耗abraded platform 浪成台地abrading tool 磨光机,磨滑机abrasion 磨蚀(浪蚀,海蚀)abrasion 磨耗,磨蚀,水蚀,海蚀,浪蚀,剥蚀,冲蚀abrasion drill 回旋钻abrasion hardness 耐磨硬度,耐磨性,抗磨性abrasion of blown sand 风沙磨蚀abrasion performance 耐磨耗性abrasion platform 海蚀台地abrasion platform 海蚀台地,浪蚀台地,浪成台地abrasion resistance index 抗磨指数,耐磨指数abrasion resistant refractory 抗磨性耐火材料abrasion surface 海蚀面abrasion terrace 海蚀阶地abrasion test 磨耗试验,耐磨试验abrasive 研磨料abrasive 磨耗的,研磨剂,研磨料,磨蚀剂abrasive cloth 砂布abrasive erosion 磨损性剥蚀,腐蚀性侵蚀abrasive finishing machine 抛光机abrasive hardness 研磨硬度,耐磨硬度,磨料硬度abrasive paper 砂纸abrasive resist steel liner 抗磨钢衬板abrasive resistance 抗磨性,耐磨能力,磨耗阻力abrasive surface 磨损面,研磨面abrasive wear 磨损,磨耗,磨耗量abrasive wheel 磨轮,砂轮,研磨轮abrasiveness 耐磨性,磨耗abrazite 水钙沸石abreuvoir 圬工缝,块石砌缝abriachanite 镁铁青石棉abridge (abridgement abridgment) 删节,缩短,省略,摘要,简化,剥夺abridged edition 缩编本abrupt 突然的,陡的,急剧的abrupt contraction 突然收缩,突然束窄,急束流abrupt curve 急弯曲线,陡变曲线abrupt discharge 骤然排出abrupt slope 陡坡abrupt translatory wave 移动陡波,推进陡波abrupt wave 陡波,陡浪abruption 拉断,隔断,破坏,断路,断裂abruptness 陡度,陡峭性absarokite 橄辉安粗岩abscissa 横坐标,横线,脉横线absence 缺少,缺乏,缺席,不存在,削弱,丧失absite 钍钛铀矿absolute acceleration 绝对加速度absolute address 绝对地址absolute age 绝对年龄absolute alcohol 纯洒精,无水洒精absolute altitude 绝对高程,海拔,标高absolute annual range of temperature 绝对年温差absolute assembler 绝对地址汇编程序absolute atmosphere 绝对大气压absolute branch 绝对转移,绝对分支absolute ceiling 绝对云底高度,绝对云幂高,绝对航高上限absolute ceiling 绝对升限absolute chronolgy 绝对年代,绝对年代学absolute chronology 绝对年代absolute code 绝对代码absolute convergence 绝对收敛,绝对收敛性absolute covariant 绝对共变式absolute date 绝对年龄absolute dating 绝对年龄测定,绝对断代absolute deflection 绝对变化,绝对垂度,绝对挠度,绝对偏移absolute density 绝对密度absolute displacement 绝对位移absolute drought 绝对干旱,大旱absolute elevation 绝对高程,绝对标高,海拔absolute error 绝对误差absolute expansion 绝对膨胀absolute extreme 绝对极值,绝对极限absolute frequency 绝对频率absolute heating effect 绝对热效应,绝对供暖效果absolute height 绝对高度,海拔absolute humidity 绝对湿度absolute humidity 绝对温度absolute instrument 一级标准仪器,一级基准仪器absolute intensity 绝对强度absolute language 机器语言absolute moisture capacity 绝对容水量absolute moisture content 绝对含水量,绝对温度absolute motion 绝对运动absolute orientation 绝对定向,绝对定位absolute ownership 绝对所有权absolute plotter control 全值绘图机控制absolute porosity 绝对孔隙率absolute pressure 绝对压力,绝对压强absolute pressure intensity 绝对压强absolute reaction rate 绝对反应率absolute rest 绝对静止absolute roughness 绝对糙率absolute settlement 绝对沉降,绝对沉陷absolute specific gravity 绝对比重,真比重absolute stability 绝对稳定性absolute standard baroneter 一级标准气压表absolute standard of living 最低生活水准absolute system of unit 绝对单位制absolute temperature 绝对温度,热力学温度absolute temperature scale 绝对温标absolute term 绝对项,常数项absolute thermometric scale 绝对温标,开氏温标absolute unit 绝对单位absolute vacuum 绝对真空absolute value 绝对值absolute variability 绝对变率,绝对变异度absolute velocity 绝对速度absolute viscosity 绝对粘滞度,绝对粘滞性,动力粘滞性absolute volume 绝对体积,净容积absolute vorticity 绝对涡度absolute water content 绝对含水量absolute zero point 绝对零点absolutely unbiased estimator 绝对无偏估计量absolve 免除,免于,解除,赦免absorb 吸附absorb 吸收,吸取,减震,缓冲,吸引注意,承受冲击absorb foreign capital 吸收外资absorbability 吸附力absorbability 吸收性,吸收量,可吸收状态absorbed gas 吸附气体absorbed layer 吸着层,吸水层absorbed water 吸附水absorbed water (absorption water) 吸着水,吸附水absorbency 吸收率,吸收性,吸收能力,吸墨性,被吸收状态absorbent 吸收剂absorbent 有吸收能力的,吸收剂,吸附剂,中和剂,吸收体absorbent 吸收质,吸收管,吸收材料absorbent charcoal 活性炭absorbent formation 能吸收泥浆的地层,吸水地层,吸收性地层absorbent paper 吸水纸absorber 吸收器,吸收体,吸收剂,吸收管,吸收装置absorber 吸收电路,减震器,缓冲器,吸振器,阻尼器absorber spring 减震弹簧,减震器的弹簧absorbing capacity 吸收能力,吸收量absorbing medium 吸收介质,减震材料absorbing shock 消震,减震absorbing well 泻水井,吸水井absorbing well 吸水井,渗水井,扬水试验的抽水井absorbing zone 吸收层,吸收区,吸收带absorpt a 注意力集中,被吸收absorptance 吸收性,吸收系数,吸收能力absorption 吸水率absorption 吸收(作用)absorption 吸收作用,吸水作用,吸水性,吞并absorption axes 吸收轴absorption band 吸收带absorption border 融蚀缘absorption brush 吸收影absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption coefficient 吸收系数,吸收率absorption correction 吸收修正,吸收修正量absorption damper 减震器,消音器absorption dehumidifier 吸附式减湿装置absorption edge 吸收极限,吸收端,吸收带边缘,吸收边absorption edge energy 吸收边能量,吸收限能量absorption equilibrium 吸附平衡absorption field 浸润范围,浸润区absorption hygrometer 吸收温度计,毛发温度计,相对温度计absorption index 吸收指数,吸收率absorption isotherm 等温吸附线absorption layer 吸附层absorption limit 吸着界限,吸收范围absorption of gypsum method 石膏吸收法absorption of polar molecule 极性分子吸附,有极分子吸附,极化分子吸附absorption of water 吸水性,吸水率,吸水作用absorption potential 吸附位,吸附势absorption power 吸收能力,吸收功率absorption rate 吸收率absorption ratio (指)建材吸水量饱和系数absorption reaction 吸附反应absorption refrigerator 吸收式制冷机,吸收式冷冻器,吸收式冰箱absorption spectroscopy 吸收光谱法absorption spectrum 吸收光谱absorption surface 吸收面absorption type terrace 垄形阻流梯地,保水式地埂,吸水式梯田absorption type terrace 蓄水梯田absorption water 吸着水absorption well 吸收井absorption well 吸水井,抽水井absorptive 吸收的absorptive 吸水性的,吸收的,有吸收能力的absorptive capacity 吸收能力,吸收量absorptive force field 吸附力场absorptive lining 吸水衬里,吸声板absorptive material 吸声材料absorptivity 吸收性absorptivity 吸收率,吸收能力,吸引力,吸温性,吸光系数abstain 戒除,禁绝,节制,避免,避开,弃权abstract 提取,抽去,除去,摘要,理论上的,抽象的abstract code 抽象代码abstract data 抽象数据abstract number 抽象数,无名数abstract of observations 观测记薄abstract of title 产权说明书abstracted river 被袭夺河abstraction 退流abstraction 分离,提出,提取,引出,引水,抽水,河道夺流abstraction loss 降水损失,降雨损失abstraction of river 引流,导流,河源袭夺abstraction of water 排水abstraction volume 引水量,抽水量abstraction works 引水工程,引水设施absurdity 不合理,谬论abukumalite 阿武隈石(钇硅磷灰石)abundance 大量,丰富,充裕,极多,充足abundance of water 丰水abundant percipitation 丰富降水,充足降水,雨量充沛abuse 滥用,误用,机械损伤,违反操作规程abut 端,柱脚,拱脚,支座,支柱,支承,支点,支架abut 接合端,止动力点,连接,止动abutment 支撑,支座,坝肩,拱座,岸墩拱端,支点abutment 坝座,拱座,边墩,岸墩,桥台abutment 墩栓,桥台abutment 坝肩,桥台,桥岸,桥边,桥墩,支撑面,支座abutment bay 近岸桥跨,岸墩孔abutment crane 台座起重机abutment deformation 拱座变形abutment for jack 千斤顶后座abutment joint 坝肩接缝,对接缝,对接接头abutment piece 桥台,支座abutment pier 岸墩,墩式桥台abutment pressure 拱座压力,两岸坝座压力,桥台压力abutment span 靠岸的边跨,岸墩孔abutment stone 拱座石,桥台石abutment thrust 坝肩推力abutment wall 拱座支承墙,桥台墙,翼墙,边墙abutments 两岸坝(所)座(落的岩体)abuttal 邻近,接界,桥台,桥墩,承座,支柱,地界,境界abutting 毗连的,邻近的,邻接的,端接的,凸出的abutting buildings 邻接建筑物,毗连房屋abutting joint 对接接头,毗连接头,相邻接头,端接接头abysmal area 深海区abysmal deposit 深海沉积abysmal facies 深海相abysmal rock 深海岩石abysmal rock 深成岩abysmal sea 深海abyssal (abysmal) 深渊的,深海的,深成的,无底的abyssal assimilation 深成同化,深同(化)作用abyssal clay 深海粘土abyssal deposit 深海沉积abyssal facies 深海相abyssal fault 深断层abyssal fauna 深海动物群abyssal injection 深成贯入abyssal intrusion 深成侵入abyssal ooze 深海淤泥abyssal pelagic zone 深渊带abyssal red earth 深海红土abyssal region 深海区abyssal rock 深成岩abyssal sea 深海,海渊abyssal sediment 深海沉积物Abyssinian well 多孔眼管井埃塞俄比亚式井AC-DC inverter 交一直流逆变器academic conference 学术会议academic exchange 学术交流academy 学术协会,学会,学院,研究院academy of sciences 科学院acadialite 红菱沸石Acadian series 阿卡德统(中寒武世) acanthconite 绿帘石acanthicone 绿帘石acanthiconite 绿帘石acanthite 螺状硫银矿Acanthoceras 刺菊石属Acanthocyatha 刺古怀海绵亚纲Acanthodii 棘鱼目Acanthograptus 刺笔石属Acanthophyllum 针珊瑚属Acanthopterygii 棘鳍目acanthus (acanthus leaf) 叶板acarbodavyne 无碳酸钾钙霞石acausto-phytogenic rock 非燃性植物岩acaustobiolith 非燃性生物岩accelerant 加速器,加速剂,催化剂,触媒剂,促凝剂accelerate 加速,催速,增加数量,促进accelerated ageing test 加速老化试验accelerated alluvial deposits 加速冲积物,加速冲积泥沙accelerated cement 快凝水泥accelerated circulation 加速环流,加速循环accelerated concrete test 混凝土耐蚀加速试验accelerated consolidation 加速固结accelerated construction 快速施工accelerated creep 加速蠕变accelerated deposits 加速沉积物,加速沉积泥沙accelerated development 加速发展,加速开发,加速发育accelerated egeing 加速老化,加速时效,人工加速时效accelerated erosion 加速侵蚀accelerated flow 加速流accelerated load test 加速载荷试验accelerated motion 加速运动accelerated weathering 加速风化accelerating agent 促进剂,催化剂,促凝剂,促染剂accelerating and water reducing agent 促凝型减水剂accelerating potential 加速位差,加速势差accelerating relay 加速继电器,起动继电器accelerating voltage 加速电压acceleration 加速度acceleration (1)加速度(2)促进作用acceleration 加速度,加速矢量,加速作用,促进作用,剧升acceleration attenuation 加速度衰减acceleration clause 提前偿付条款acceleration impedance 加速度阻抗acceleration of earthquake 地震加速度acceleration of gravity 重力加速度acceleration of translation 移动加速度acceleration parameter 加速参数acceleration seismograph 加速度地震仪acceleration time constant of unit 机组加速时间常数,机组起动时间常数acceleration torque 加速转矩acceleration transducer 加速度传感器acceleration-sensitive device 加速度敏感元件,加速度敏感设备,加速度装置accelerator 加速剂accelerator 加速器,促凝剂,催化剂,速滤剂,风门accelerator conveyor 高速胶带运输机accelerator of charge particles 电荷质点加速器accelerogram 自记加速度图,加速度谱accelerograph 自动加速记录仪,自记加速计accelerometer 加速度计,加速度记录器accelerometer 加速度仪accelerometer 加速度计,过载传感器,过载自计器过载指示器accelerometer type seismometer 加速度地震检波器accelerometer type seismometer 加速计型地震计,加速度地震计accelerometric governor 加速度调速器accentuate 着重指出,强调,增强,音频加重accentuator 加强电路,加重器,加强器,频率校正电路accentuator 音频放大器accept 接受,接收,验收合格,答应,承认,认可,允许accept 承兑accept an offer 接受报盘accept an order 接受定货accept station 接收站acceptability limit 容许范围,承兑范围,认付范围acceptable 容许的,可接受的,验收的,合格的,满意的acceptable concentration 容许浓度acceptable explosive 合格炸药acceptable limit 容许极限acceptable noise level 容许噪声标准,容许噪声级acceptable product 合格产品acceptable program 可接受程序acceptable velocity 容许速度acceptance 接收,验收,容纳,认可,承兑,认付,承兑汇票acceptance certificate 验收证明书,验收鉴定书,验收合格证acceptance inspection 验收acceptance letter of credit 承兑信用证acceptance line 承兑限额acceptance market 证券市场,贴现市场acceptance of grout 吃浆能力,汲浆能力acceptance of load 支载能力acceptance of material 材料验收acceptance of risk 承担风险acceptance of the bid 中标,得标acceptance of the tender 中标,得标,投标书的评中acceptance of works 工程验收acceptance period 承付期,承兑期,贴现期,验收期acceptance specification 验收规范acceptance test 验收试验accepted load 采用的荷载accepted load 承载accepted product 合格产品accepted scale 采用比尺accepted standards 采用标准accepted tolerance 容许公差,规定公差,验收公差acceptor 接受体,串联谐振电路acceptor resonance 电压谐振,串联谐振access 进口,出口,通道,取数,存取,接触机会,引桥access 使用机会,接近机会,拆卸机器备用空间,引桥access attributes 访问属性,存取属性access bit 存取位,取数位,访问位access board 踏板,跳板access bridge 交通桥,引桥access card 信用卡,赊购卡access channel 引航道,进出港航道access code 存取码,访问码access conflict 存取冲突,访问冲突access control 访问控制access control field 访问控制域access control violation 访问控制违章access count 存取计数,访问计数access cover 进入孔盖,检修盖access cycleeye 存取周期,访问周期access door 便门,检修门access eye 检查孔access function 存取函数,访问功能access gallery 交通廊道access gap 存取差距,访问间距access gully 交通沟,检查窨井access hole 进入孔,检修孔,检查孔access ladder 爬梯access list 访问表access manhole 进出人孔,(下水道等的)检查井access mode 存取方式,取数方式,读出方式,访问方式access railroad 专用铁路access ramp 入口坡度(道路交叉处)access right 存取权,访问权access road 便道,对外交通道(通往坝址或工程地点的交通access road 上坝公路,进厂公路,便道access route 交道线路access routine 存取程序,访问程序access shaft 交通竖井,进人井access speed 存取速度,访问速度access stairway 外部楼梯通道access time 存取时间,访问时间,取数时间,信息发送时间access to court 向法院起诉access to market 打入市场access tunnel 进出隧洞,交通隧洞access violation 访问违例,访问破坏access well 交通竖井,升降机井道accessibility 可达性,可接近性,可访问性,(交通)方便性,accessibility (新仪表使用前的)检查步骤accessible location 交通可达地区accessment 通路accessor 存取器accessories clause 附件条款accessory 零件accessory 辅助的,附属的,副的,(复数)辅助设备(部件, accessory 辅助仪表,辅助用具,附件,零件,备件,配件accessory attachment 附件,辅助装置accessory constituent 副组分accessory constituent 副成份,配合剂.助剂accessory contract 附加合同,附带契约accessory denticle 副铰齿accessory equipment 附属设备accessory ingredient 副成分accessory ingredient 副成份,配合剂,助剂accessory mineral 副矿物accessory mineral 附生矿物,次要矿物,副矿物accessory risk 附加险accessory shock 副震accessory terminal 辅助终端accident 突变,事故accident (偶然)事故,失事,灾难,损伤,故障,突变accident damage 意外损坏accident death insurance 意外死亡保险accident defect 事故损坏,肇事accident fund 意外事故备用金accident hazard 意外事故accident investigation 事故调查accident lighting transfer board 事故照明切换盘accident operation mode 事故运行方式accident prevention 事故预防,安全措施accident rate 事故率accident statistics 事故统计,事故统计资料accident surveying 事故调查accident treatment 事故处理accident-prone 易致事故的,事故多发的accidental cost 意外费用accidental discharge 事故排放,事故泄放,走火accidental dispersal 偶然迁移accidental ejecta 外源喷出物accidental error 偶然误差accidental error 偶然误差,随机误差accidental inclusion 外源包体accidental inclusion 外来包体,异源包体,外源包体,捕虏体accidental lake 偶成湖泊accidental operation 事故运行方式,事故运行accidental shutdown 事故停车accidental state 事故状态accidental xenolith 外源捕虏岩accidental xenolith 外源捕虏体,外来捕虏体,异源捕虏体accidented 凹凸不平的accidented reliet 崎岖地形acclimatization (=acclimation) 适应(气候,环境),(气候,风化)驯化作用acclimatize 服水土,适应气候,适应环境acclinal valley 顺斜谷acclivity 倾斜,(向上的)斜坡,上行坡acclivous 倾斜的,向上斜的,上坡的accommodation 适应,调节,容纳,居住,提供便利的设备,调停accommodation 贷款accommodation ladder 扒梯,舷梯accommodation road 专用公路accommodation train [区间的]慢车,普通旅客列车accommodator 贷款人,调停人accompany 伴随,伴生,陪同,与...同时发生或同时进行accompanying mineral 伴生矿物accomplishment 成就,实现,实行,实施,完成量,完成进度,技能accomplishment 才艺,(复数)本领accord 一致,符合,给予,[国际]条约,协定accord priority 给予优先权accordant fold 同向褶皱accordant junction 平齐汇流accordant river (流向与岩层倾向一致)顺向河accordant unconformity 平行不整合accordion 可折叠的,摺状的accordion door 折叠门,折门accordion fold 棱角褶皱,尖角褶皱accordion plate 手叠式图板account 计帐,计算,帐目,帐单,帐户,记载account name 帐户名account number 帐号account of payments 支出帐户,付款帐户account of receipts 收入帐户,收入表account settled 决算,清讫,付讫account transfer memo 转帐通知单account valuation 估价,估计accountability 可记帐性accounting 会计制度,会计学,核算,列帐,统计,计算,报表accounting division 会计部门accounting on the cash basis 现收现付制accounting price 会计价格accounting program 记帐程序accouplement 配合,耦合,连接,(建筑物)圆柱成对密立式accouplement 系木accredit 信任,信托,相信,认可,委派,授权,归之于accredit 鉴定......为合格accreting bank 淤积岸accreting plate 增长板块,增生板块accretion 外加accretion 堆积物,冲积物,淤积物,增加,增生,增大accretion 表土,淤泥,积冰,浚填accretion beach 淤积滩,冲积滩,增长海滩,堆积海滩accretion deposits 淤积物accretion of bed level 河床淤高,河床淤积accretion of sand 淤沙accretion topography 堆积地层,加积地形accretional ice sheet 堆积冰盖accretionary meander point 河曲[凸岸]的淤长沙嘴accretive crystallization 增长结晶作用,增长结晶accrue 产生,出现,增长,增殖,增加accrued depreciation 累积贬值,应计折旧accrued expenditure 应付开支,应计开支accrued income 应计收入,应计收益,应收未收的收益accrued income receivable 应计未收收益acculturation [不同民族式群落间]产生混合型文化过程, acculturation 社会化过程,[自然]同化过程,文化适应或移植accumulate 累加,累积,淤积,聚集,存储accumulated deficiency 累积差,累积缺量accumulated deficit 累计亏损,累计赤字accumulated deformation 累积变形accumulated degree-day 累积度-日accumulated diagram of water demand 累积用水图,累积用水曲线accumulated discrepancy 累积差值,累积不符值accumulated distribution function 累积分布函数accumulated error 累积误差accumulated excess 累积差,积差,累积超[损]值accumulated inflow 累积进水量,累积来水量,累积入流量accumulated outflow 累积出水量,累积流出量accumulated storage 累积蓄水量accumulation (1)聚集 (2)堆积accumulation 堆积作用,堆积物,聚集,累加,累积,淤积,蓄积accumulation 存储accumulation curve 累积曲线accumulation horizon 堆积层,积聚层accumulation line 累积线,冰川冻结渗透区中的累积线,雪线accumulation mode 累加态accumulation mountain 堆积山accumulation of capital 资本积累accumulation of cold 蓄冷accumulation of funds 资金积累accumulation of heat 蓄热accumulation of rounding errors 舍入误差积累accumulation of stress 应力集中accumulation of stress 应力累积,应力积蓄,应力集中accumulation platfoum 堆积台地accumulation precipitation 累积降水量accumulation rate 堆积速率accumulation register 累加寄存器accumulation relief 堆积地形accumulation temperature 积温accumulation terrace 堆积阶地accumulation volume 累积总量,堆积总量accumulation-quotient register 累加-商寄存器accumulational platform 堆积台地accumulational relief 堆积地形accumulational terrace 堆积阶地accumulative formation 堆积层,堆集形成accumulative rain gauge 累积雨量器accumulator 蓄电池,蓄能器,蓄热器,蓄水池,压力箱, accumulator 贮料塔,累加器,记忆装置accumulator addressing 累加寻址accumulator jump instruction 累加器转移指令accumulator locomotive 蓄电池式机车,蓄电机车accumulator plant 聚集植物accumulator plate 蓄电池极板,蓄电板accumulator register 累加寄存器accuracy 精确性,精确度,精确,准确性,准确度,准确accuracy class 准确度级别,精度等级accuracy for vertical control 高程控制精度accuracy of observation 观测精度accuracy test 精度检验,准确度试验accurate 准确的,精密的,精确的,已校准的accurate adjustment 精密调整,精密校准accurate degree 精确程度,精确等级accurate determination 精确测定accurate measurement 精确量测,精测accurate sizing 精确筛选,精确分级acdt 事故ace 微量,少许,能手,专家,最高的,优秀的acendrada 白泥灰岩acerilla 方铅矿acerose tree 针叶树acetates 醋酸盐acetic 醋的acetic 醋酸的acetic acid 醋酸acetic acid 醋酸,乙酸acetone 丙酮acetylene 乙炔,电石气acetylene apparatus 乙炔设备,气焊设备acetylene welder [乙炔]气焊机,气焊枪,气焊设备,气焊工acetylene welding 气焊,乙炔焊ACF-diagram ACF图解achavalite 硒铁矿acheulian age 阿舍利时代(旧石器时代)achiardite 环晶石achieve 完成,达到[目的],实现,获得achievement 完成,成就,业绩,成绩achirite 透视石achlusite 钠滑石achmatite 绿帘石achnakaite 黑云长岩achondrite 无球粒陨石achrematite 铅砷钼矿achroite 无色电气石(白碧) achromaite 浅闪石achromat 消色差透镜achromatic lens 消色差透镜achynite 氟硅铌钍矿acicular 针状acicular aggregate 针状集合体acicular crystal 针状晶体acid (1) 酸类 (2) 酸性[的]acid hydrolysis 加酸水解acid rocks 酸性岩类acid salt 酸性盐acid spring 酸性泉acidic jet 酸性喷气孔acidic lava 酸性熔岩acidic rock 酸性岩acidite 酸性岩acidity 酸度acidulous spring 酸性矿泉acidulous water 酸性水acinose 细粒状acinous 细粒状acipenseroidea 鲟形目acline twinning 翻底双晶,阿克双晶acmite 锥辉石acmite-augite 霓辉石acmite-granite pegmatite 绿辉花岗岩伟晶岩acmite-trachyte 绿辉粗面岩acoustic investigation 声学研究acoustic logging 声波测井acoustic method 声学法acoustic sounding 声波探测法acoustic velocity 声速acoustic wave 声波acraper 铲运机acrated water 饱气水,碳酸水acrochordite 球砷锰矿acrodont 端生牙acromorph 火山瘤Acrophyllum 锥顶珊瑚属acropping 向露头Acrothele 乳房贝属acrotomous 端解理Actinia 红海葵属actino-electricity 光电Actinoceras 珠角石属Actinodon 阳起龙属actinodont 辐射栉牙actinolite (actinote) 阳起石actinolite slate 阳起板岩actinolite-schist 阳起片岩actinolitic greenschist facies 阳起绿色片岩相actinote (actynolin) 阳起石Actinozoa(Anthozoa) 珊瑚虫纲action 作用action centre 作用中心action of gravity 重力作用active cirque 活冰斗active earth pressure 主动土压力active earth pressure 有效土压力active fault 活断层active filter 有源滤波器active layer 融冻层active sediment 活性沉积物active substance 活性物质active volcano 活火山activity gradient 活动坡度actual landform 实在地形actual reserve 实在储藏量actual stress 有效应力,作用应力,实在应力actuating 启动,操纵acute bisectrix 锐角等分线acute tilting 急性掀动adamant 硬石(金刚石或刚玉)adamantine luster 金刚光泽adamantine spar 刚玉adamas 金刚石adambulacral 侧步带的adamellite 石英二长岩adamic earth 红粘土adamite(adamine) 水砷锌矿adamsite 暗绿云母adaptation 适应性adaptative irradiation 适应照射adaptative radiation 适应辐射adaptative regression 适应退化adarce 石灰华,钙华additive metamorphism 加物变质address decoder 地址译码器adductor 收肌adductor scar 收肌痕adelite 砷钙镁石adelpholite 铌铁锰矿ader wax 地蜡adergneiss 脉状片麻岩adhere 粘附adhesive slate 粘舌板岩adiabatic 绝热的adigeite 镁蛇纹石adinol slate(adinol) 钠长英板岩adinole 钠长英板岩adinolite 钠长英板岩adipite 胶菱沸石adipocerite 伟晶腊石adit 平硐,支硐adit for draining 排水坑道adjoining rock 围岩adjustable-blade 转叶的,叶片可调的adjusted drainage 适应水系adjustment 调节,调整adjustment of stream 河流调节adjustor muscle 调整肌adjustor scar 调整肌痕adlerstein 针铁矿admittance 导纳adobe 灰质粘土adobe soil 中积粘土质土壤adolescent river 青年河adret 山阳adretto 阳坡adsorption 吸着adsorptional earth 吸附土adularia-albite series 冰长钠长石系advance cone 超前锥(火山的) advection 平流adventitious deposit 附着沉积adventitious lobe 偶生叶adventive cone 寄生[火山]锥adventive crater 侧裂火山口,附属火口aedelforsite 硅灰石aedelite 葡萄石aedilite 钠沸石aegiapite 霓磷灰岩aegirine 霓石aegirine aplite 霓细晶岩aegirine augite 霓辉石aegirine carbonatite 霓碳酸盐岩aegirine granite aplite 霓岗细晶岩aegirine grorudite 多霓细岗岩aegirine hedrumite 霓淡正长岩aegirine leucite tinguaite 霓白榴丁古岩aegirine lujavrite 霓异霞正长岩aegirine pantellerite 霓碱流岩aegirine pedrosite 霓钙钠闪岩aegirine rhyolite 霓流纹岩aegirine ringite 霓长碳酸岩aegirine sodalite syenite 霓方钠正长岩aegirine solvsbergite 霓细正长岩aegirine syenite 霓正长岩aegirine syenite porphyry 霓正长斑岩aegirine tinguaite 多霓丁古岩aegirine-felsite 霓霏细岩aegirine-granite 霓花岗岩aegirine-trachyte 霓粗面岩aegirinite 霓石岩aegirinolite 霓磁斑岩aegirite (aegirine) 霓石aegyrite-augite 霓辉石aeneolithic age 次新石器时代aenigmatite 三斜闪石aeolian 风成[的]aeolian basin 风成盆地aeolian erosion 风蚀[作用]aeolian facies 风积相aeolian plain 风成平原aeolian rock 风成岩aeolian sediment 风积物aeolian soil 风积土aeolic(aeolian) 风成[的]aeolotropism 有方性aeolotropy 各向异性aeolotropy, aeolotropism 各向异性aerated spring 含气泉aeration zone 饱气带aerial 大气的aerial sediment 大气沉积aerial survey 航空测量aerinite 青泥石aeroelectromagnetic method 航空电磁法aerohydrons 包液aerolite (aerolith) 石陨石aeromagnetic survey 航空磁测aerosiderite 铁陨石aerosiderolite 铁石陨石aerosite 深红银矿aerosphere 大气圈aerugite 块砷镍矿aerugo 铁锈,腐锈斑aesar(esker) 蛇丘aeschynite 易解石aetite 禹余粮(褐铁矿)affine deformation (homogeneous deformation) 均匀变形affluent 汇流afflux 汇入afloat 顺流,漂浮africandite 铈钙钛磁铁岩afrodite 泡石after 在...以后after effect 后效after vibration 后振动afterbay dam 尾水池坝,二道坝aftershock 后震,余震afterwards 后来,以后Aftonian-interglacial stage 阿夫顿间冰期(美国)aftonite 银黝铜矿afwillite 柱硅钙石agalite 纤滑石agalmatolite 寿山石(冻石)Agama 飞龙属Agamidea 飞龙科agaphite 绿松石(甸子)agaric mineral 岩乳agate 玛瑙agate bead 玛瑙珠agate jasper 玛瑙碧玉agate opal 玛瑙蛋白age 年代age dating 年代测定,年龄测定age of mammals 哺乳动物时代age of reptiles 爬行动物时代ageint, aging 老(陈,硬)化,时效,养护,迟滞,衰变agents of erosion 侵蚀力agglaciation 加强冰川作用agglomerate 集块岩agglomerate lava 集块熔岩agglomerate tuff 集块凝灰岩agglutinate 粘合集块岩agglutination 凝集作用aggradated plain 加积平原aggradation plain 加积平原aggradational deposit 加积沉积aggrading stream 加积河aggregate 集合体aggregate plant 骨料厂,砂石料厂aggregate polarization 集偏振化aggregate resistance 总承载力(支柱) aggregate structure 集合体构造aggregation 聚集aggregation plain 集积平原aggregational rock 集合岩aggressive water 侵进水agitation 搅拌aglaite 变锂辉石aglaurite 闪光正长石agmatite 角砾混合岩agmatitic gneiss 角砾片麻岩Agnatha 无颌纲agnesite 碳铋矿agnolite 红硅钙锰矿Agnostus 球接子属agolite 纤滑石Agonic line 无偏差线,零磁偏线agpaite 钠质火成岩类Agraulos 野营虫属(三叶虫属)agricolite 闪铋矿agriculture 农业agrogeological map 农业地质图agrogeology 农业地质学ainter gate 弧形闸门air bleed valve 排气阀,放泄阀air chamber 气室air current ripple 风成波痕air drill 风钻air dry 风干air gap 风口air space ratio 气隙比air-delivery system 输气系统air-dry 风干airborne electromagnetic prospecting 航空电磁法勘探airborne magnetic survey 航空磁测airborne magnetometric gradio-meter 航空磁力梯度仪aleuvite(siltstone) 粉砂岩。

1Géologie地质Geology1-111000 【法】Géomorphologie【汉】n．f 地表形态学、地形学、地貌学【英】geomorphology11001 【法】ablation【汉】n．f．消融(作用)、冰面融化、磨蚀(作用)、消蚀、水力冲刷【英】ablation11002 【法】affaissement (abaissement duterrain)【汉】n．m．下陷、下沉(地面下降)【英】subsidence11003 【法】affluent【汉】n．m．／adj．支流、支流的【英】tributary11004 【法】affluent rive droite【汉】n．m．右岸支流【英】right bank tributary11005 【法】alignement droit(entre méandres) 【汉】n．m．(河流曲折段之间的)直线段【英】straight(section between meanders) 11006 【法】amont【汉】n．m．上游、上流、adj．居于上坡的【英】upstream11007 【法】ancienne valléevallée épigénique【汉】n．f 旧峡谷、渐生谷地【英】buried valley11008 【法】aval【汉】n．m．下游adj．下方的、山谷方向的【英】downstream11009 【法】aven／bétoire【汉】n．m．落水洞、灰岩洞、石灰坑、斗淋【英】pot hole／swallow-hole11010 【法】axe du cours d'eau【汉】n．m．河流轴线【英】axis of stream11011 【法】axe du lit【汉】n．m．河床轴线【英】axis of streambed11012 【法】bassin fluvial【汉】n．m．流域【英】fiver basin11013 【法】bassin versant【汉】n．m．汇水区、集水区、流域【英】catchment / drainage basin (Am) 11014 【法】berge，rive，bord(rivière，retenue)【汉】n．m／f／m．(河流、蓄水库的)岸、滨、畔【英】bank11015 【法】bifurcation【汉】n．f．分岔、分路、分道、分支、分流【英】fork11016 【法】bloc erratique【汉】n．m．漂砾、漂石【英】erratic block11017 【法】boucle【汉】n．m．环、回线、回路、旁通管道【英】loop11018 【法】bras(d'une rivière)【汉】n．m．(河流的)分岔、支流、河汊【英】branch(of a fiver)11019 【法】bras mort【汉】n．m．弓形河曲、牛轭形弯道、牛轭湖、淤塞的河流【英】oxbow11020 【法】canon【汉】n．m．峡谷(两边为峭壁、谷底通常有河流的深谷)【英】canyon11021 【法】changement de cours(de direction) 【汉】n．m．河流(方向上的)改道【英】change of course11022 【法】clayonnage【汉】n．m．柴排、筑柴排、枝条排、沉排【英】mattress11023 【法】conduit karstique【汉】n．m．喀斯特溶槽、岩溶通道、溶槽【英】karstic channel／solution channel 11024 【法】confluent【汉】n．m．(河流的)汇合、汇合处、合流、合流点【英】junction／confluence11025 【法】correction du lit【汉】n．f．河道整治【英】adjusted fiver11026 【法】courbe【汉】n．f．弯曲、河湾、河曲、弯道曲线【英】bend11027 【法】cours【汉】n．m．水道、河区、河段【英】reach／channel reach11028 【法】cours de la rivière【汉】n．m．河道、水道、航道【英】river channel11029 【法】cours d'eau【汉】n．m．水道、水流、水路【英】watercourse11030 【法】cours d'eau sous-glaciaire【汉】n．m．冰川下河流【英】subglacial river11031 【法】cours frontière(entre deux pays) 【汉】n．m．(两国间的)边境河段【英】reach forming a boundary(betweentwo countries)11032 【法】cours inférieur【汉】n．m．下游段、下游河段【英】lower river11033 【法】cours moyen【汉】n．m．中游段【英】middle river11034 【法】cours principal【汉】n．m．主河道【英】principal channel11035 【法】cours supérieur【汉】n．m．上游段【英】head river11036 【法】divagation(d'une rivière)【汉】n．f．(江河的、河床的)改道【英】shifting of river11037 【法】doline／trou d'affaissement【汉】n．f．落水洞、石灰坑、斗淋、沉陷坑(洞)【英】sink hole11038 【法】embouchure【汉】n．f．(江河的)河口【英】river mouth11039 【法】émissaire(d'un lac)【汉】n．m．(湖的)排水渠、排水沟、泄水道【英】outlet(from a lake)11040 【法】en amont de【汉】loc．在…的上游、(生产过程)在…之前【英】ahead of／upstream11041 【法】ensellement／col【汉】n．m．洼陷、鞍形地、鞍背、山口【英】saddle11042 【法】épi de correction【汉】n．m．丁坝、折流坝、防波堤【英】groyne=groin11043 【法】estuaire【汉】n．m．(江河的)人海口、港湾、河口湾、三角湾、江口湾【英】estuary11044 【法】falaise【汉】n．f．(尤指海边的)悬崖、陡坡、峭壁、崖、海蚀崖【英】cliff 11045 【法】flanc(d'une colline ou d’une montagne)【汉】n．m(丘陵、山脉的)侧面山坡、侧面【英】slope(of a hill or mountain)11046【法】fleuve(cours d'eau qui aboutit à la mer)／rivière (cours d'eau de faible oude moyenne importance qui se jettedans un autre cours d’eau)【汉】n．m／f．河、江【英】river11047 【法】fond du lit【汉】n．m．河床【英】bed11048 【法】géographie【汉】n．f．地理学【英】geography11049 【法】géographie physique(géomorphologie，climatologie，etc．)【汉】n．f．自然地理学(地形学、气候学、等等)【英】physiography(geomorphology，climatology，etc)11050 【法】glaciation【汉】n．f．结冰、冰期【英】glaciation11051 【法】glacier【汉】n．m．冰川【英】glacier11052 【法】gorge【汉】n．f．峡谷、流(水)槽、水槽送流、虹吸喉【英】gorge／ravine11053 【法】ligne de partage des eaux【汉】n．f．分水岭【英】watershed／divide(Am)11054 【法】limite du bassin versant【汉】n．f．流域范围【英】catchment boundary11055 【法】lit à fond mobile【汉】n．m．移动河床【英】mobile bed11056 【法】lit encaissé【汉】n．m．(两岸为峭壁的)河床【英】no english equivalent(river channewith steep banks)11057 【法】lit majeur【汉】n．m．洪水河床、洪泛区、漫滩【英】flood plain11058 【法】lit mineur【汉】n．m．底水河床【英】streambed／river bed／mainchannel11059 【法】lit stable3【汉】n．m．稳定河床【英】stable channel／stable bed11060 【法】lit(d'un cours d’eau)【汉】n．m．(河流的)河床【英】channel／bed11061 【法】marmite(dans un lit rocheux)【汉】n．f．(河床中的)涡穴、溪水冲成的凹处【英】pot hole(in the rock bed of a river) 11062 【法】méandre【汉】n．m．(河流的)蜿蜒、曲折【英】meander11063 【法】modification du lit／changement de lit【汉】n．f．河床的变迁【英】shifting of the bed／shifting of themain channel11064 【法】moraine【汉】n．f．冰碛【英】moraine11055 【法】moraine de fond【汉】n．f．底碛【英】ground moraine11066 【法】moraine frontale【汉】n．f．终碛、尾碛【英】terminal moraine11067 【法】moraine latérale【汉】n．f．侧碛、侧斜冰碛层【英】lateral moraine11068 【法】oued【汉】n．m．(北非的)河流、干涸河、干谷【英】wadi11069 【法】perte【汉】n．f．(石灰岩地区河流的)消失处、没河坑【英】sink11070 【法】petite rivière【汉】n．m．小河【英】stream11071 【法】plage【汉】n．f．海滩、海滨、海滨浴场、湖滩、河滩【英】beach11072 【法】plage soulevée【汉】n．f．上升海滩【英】raised beach11073 【法】réseau hydrographique【汉】n．m．河网、水网【英】river networkstream drainage pattern(Am)11074 【法】rivage(lac，mer，retenue)【汉】n．m．(湖、海、蓄水库的)岸【英】shore 11075 【法】rive(région latérale à la rivière) 【汉】n．f．河岸、河畔、城市的河滨地区【英】side11076 【法】rives，bords，abords(d’une rivière)【汉】n．f／m／m．(河流的)岸、滨、畔、周围、四周【英】surroundings(of a river)(not incommon use)11077 【法】rivière intermittente【汉】n．f．季节性间歇河流【英】intermittent stream／ephemeralstream11078 【法】rivière permanente【汉】n．f．常年河、常流河【英】perennial stream11079 【法】ruisseau【汉】n．m．溪、小河、水道、沟渠【英】brook／creek(Am)11080 【法】sable mouvant【汉】n．m．流沙、浮沙【英】quicksand11081 【法】sillon sous-glaciaire【汉】n．m．冰川皱褶、冰川蚀谷【英】ice erosion valley／glacier erosionvalley11082 【法】source【汉】n．f．水源、源头、发源地、原因、起源、根源、源泉【英】head water11083 【法】surcreusement【汉】n．m．加深淘蚀【英】overdeepening11084 【法】surface du bassin versant【汉】n．f．汇流面积、集水面积、流域面积、排水区【英】catchment area／drainage area(Am) 11085 【法】talweg=thalweg【汉】n．m．深泓线、最深谷底线【英】thalweg11086 【法】terrain karstique【汉】n．f．喀斯特地形、喀斯特地貌【英】karst topography11087 【法】tête(d’une rivière)【汉】n．f．河源、(河流)上游【英】headwates11088 【法】torrent【汉】n．m．激流、湍流【英】torrent11089 【法】tourbillon【汉】n．m．旋风、涡、旋涡、涡流、旋转【英】eddy11090 【法】tourbillon(en pleine eau)【汉】n．m．自由旋涡4【英】free eddy11091 【法】tourbillon(superficiel)【汉】n．m．表面旋涡【英】surface eddy11092 【法】tourbillon(sur un obstacle)【汉】n．m．障碍旋涡【英】confined eddy11093 【法】tronçon(de rivière)【汉】n．f．河段【英】river reach11094 【法】vallée【汉】n．f．谷、山谷、河谷、谷地【英】valley11095 【法】vallée encaissée【汉】n．f．(峭壁间的)峡谷、陡壁河谷【英】canyon11096 【法】vallon【汉】n．m．小谷、小山谷【英】small valley／dale11097 【法】verrou【汉】n．m．冰川谷栅栏、冰蚀门坎【英】no english equivalent(the localnarrow-ing of a valley)11098 【法】verrou glaciaire【汉】n．f．冰口谷坎【英】glacial threshold11099 【法】versant【汉】n．m．山坡、谷坡、谷壁【英】side hill/versant11100 【法】vortex【汉】n．m．涡、涡旋、旋涡【英】vortex／whirlpool1-212000 【法】Topographie【汉】n．f．地形学、地形测量学、地形图、地形、地形描绘、地形测量【英】Surveying and preparation of plan 12001 【法】altimètre【汉】n．m．测高仪、高程计、高度计、高度表【英】altimeter／height gauge12002 【法】altimétrie【汉】n．f．测高法、高程测量法、(地图上的)高度标志【英】altimetry12003 【法】axes de vol【汉】n．m．飞行路线【英】flight lines12004 【法】balise／jalon【汉】n．f／m．视距尺、标杆、花杆【英】ranging rod／range rod／flagpole(Am)12005 【法】bornage【汉】n．m．划界、分界【英】demarcation12006 【法】borne【汉】n．f．界石、界标、石桩【英】boundary marker／boundarymonument12007 【法】brigade topographique【汉】n．f．(地质)测量队【英】survey team12008 【法】canevas【汉】n．m．控制网、(测量)网格【英】control network12009 【法】canevas altimétrique【汉】n．m．高程控制(测量)网【英】vertical control network12010 【法】canevas planimétrique【汉】n．m．平面控制(测量)网【英】horizontal control network12011 【法】cantle【汉】n．f杆、标尺【英】rod12012 【法】carte(échelle inférieure au 1／5000) 【汉】n．f．地图(比例尺小于1／5000)【英】map(scale less than 1／5000) 12013 【法】cartographie【汉】n．f地图绘制【英】cartography12014 【法】chaîne d'arpenteur【汉】n．f．测链、卷尺【英】measuring chain／chain／tape 12015 【法】cheminement【汉】n．m．导线测量、横移【英】traverse12016 【法】clinomètre／clisimètre【汉】n．m／m．测斜器、倾斜仪、量坡仪、量角器【英】clinometer12017 【法】compensation(des erreurs)【汉】n．f．误差校正、误差配赋【英】adjustment(of errors)12018 【法】coordonnées【汉】n．f．坐标、地址【英】coordinates12019 【法】couple(de photos aériennes)【汉】n．m．(航空照片)组、对、立体对【英】stereo pair12020 【法】courbe de niveau／ligne de niveau 【汉】n．f．等高线、等值线、等效率线、轮廓线【英】contour line／contour12021 【法】couverture aérienne【汉】n．f．摄影范围【英】aerial coverage12022 【法】échelle de prise de vue【汉】n．f．航空照片(摄影)比例尺【英】scale of aerial photograph12023 【法】équidistance des courbes de niveau 【汉】n．f．等高(线间)距【英】contour interval12024 【法】équipe de topographesbrigade de topographes【汉】n．f／f．地形测量队【英】survey party12025 【法】erreur【汉】n．f．误差【英】error12026 【法】erreur probable【汉】n．f．或然误差、概差【英】probable error12027 【法】faire une polygonation【汉】loc．进行导线测量【英】to make a closed traverse survey 12028 【法】fil à plomb／pendule【汉】n．m／m．铅锤、测锤【英】plumb-bob12029 【法】géodésie【汉】n．f．大地测量学【英】geodesy12030 【法】géomètre【汉】n．m．几何学家、测量员、土地丈量员【英】surveyor12031 【法】gisement【汉】n．m．方位角、航向角、相对方位角【英】beating12032 【法】intersection en france repère NGF(nivellement général de la france)【汉】n．f．交叉、相交、交叉点、(法国大地网的)交叉点【英】intersection12033 【法】jalon(canne peinte de couleurs conventionnelles)【汉】n．m．标杆、路标、标记【英】ranging rod12034 【法】lecture【汉】n．f．读数【英】reading12035 【法】lunette【汉】n．f．望远镜【英】telescope12036 【法】méthode topographique des alignements【汉】n．f．测(放)线方法【英】alignment method12037 【法】mire【汉】n．f．水准标尺、标杆、测尺【英】leveling staff12038 【法】niveau(instrument)【汉】n．m．水准仪、水平仪【英】leveling instrument12039 【法】nivellement【汉】n．m．水准测量【英】levelling／leveling(Am)12040 【法】nivellement【汉】n．m．水准测量、高程测量、抄平、投平、平整、调整、均化【英】leveling12041 【法】opérateur【汉】n．m．测量员、操作员【英】surveyor(using a surveyinginstrument)／instrument man(Am) 12042 【法】opérateur topographique【汉】n．m．地形测量员【英】instrument man12043 【法】opération topographique【汉】n．f．地形测量【英】topographic survey12044 【法】photogrammétrie【汉】n．f．攝影测量(学)【英】photogrammetry12045 【法】pilier(en topographie)【汉】n．m．桩、墩、(断面较大的)柱【英】survey markersurvey monument12046 【法】piquet(piquet de clôture)【汉】n．m．杆、桩、标桩【英】post(e．g．fence post)12047 【法】piquet(pour faire de piquetage) 【汉】n．m．钉桩、标桩【英】peg12048 【法】piquetage【汉】n．m．立标桩、定线、放灰线、放样【英】setting out／staking12049 【法】plan de base【汉】n．m．基本规划【英】basic planning12050 【法】plan de vol【汉】n．m．俯视面、梯级规划【英】stepped planning12051 【法】plan parcellaire【汉】n．m．分区规划、部分计划、分部计划【英】partial planning12052 【法】plan／plan topographique【汉】n．m．图、平面图、地形图【英】plan／topographical plan12053 【法】planchette【汉】n．f．测量平板、小金属板【英】planetable12054 【法】planimétrie【汉】n．f．测面积学、地形平面投影法【英】planimetry12055 【法】plomb optique【汉】n．m．光测垂线、光测垂球【英】optical plumb／vertical collimator 12056 【法】point de base／point de référence／point d’appui【汉】n．m．基准点【英】datum point／reference point／fixedcontrol point12057 【法】polygonation【汉】n．f．导线测量法【英】closed traverse survey plan／traverse survey12058 【法】porte-mire【汉】n．m．标尺员、司尺员【英】staffman／rodman(Am)12059 【法】poteau／perche／mât【汉】n．m．杆、柱、桩【英】pole12060 【法】précision【汉】n．f．精(确)度【英】precision／accuracy12061 【法】profil en long【汉】n．m．纵剖面【英】longitudinal profile12062 【法】profil en travers【汉】n．m．横剖面【英】cross-section12063 【法】recouvrement【汉】n．m．超覆、重迭、重新覆盖【英】overlap12064 【法】relèvement【汉】n．m．测定方位、方位、测定位置、(图形所在平面投影面)反回转、反切法【英】resection12065 【法】relever les dimensions【汉】测量尺寸(体积、大小)【英】to measure the dimensions12066 【法】repère(tout objet-marque，voyant，balise，pilierutilisépour matérialiser uneposition，par ex，borne，repère de crue)【汉】n．m．标记、方位标、(供寻找用的)标记、地标、标线、(墙上的)海拔标记牌【英】marker(any object used to indicate aposition e．g．boundary marker／flood marker)12067 【法】repère altimétrique fixe【汉】n．m．基准、标准、水准(标)点、固定水准点【英】bench mark(B．M．)12068 【法】repère de nivellement(provisoire) 【汉】n．m．(临时)网水准(平)点【英】temporary bench mark12069 【法】repère de nivellement du réseau général【汉】n．m．总网水准(平)点【英】general bench mark12070 【法】repère de triangulation【汉】n．m．三角测量标志【英】triangulation12071 【法】repère géodésique【汉】n．m．大地测量点、大地测量基点【英】geodetic survey station12072 【法】repère topographique【汉】n．m．测量(水准)基点【英】survey point／survey station12073 【法】restitution【汉】n．f．测绘、制图、划曲线、标示、标定、(摄影测量的)绘制、修复、重建【英】plotting12074 【法】roulette d'arpenteur【汉】n．f．卷尺、测尺【英】measuring tape／tape12075 【法】signal(en topographic，tout point défini ou quelconque que l’on peut riser deloin，par ex，une balise，un clocher)【汉】n．m．信号、航标、岸标、交通信号【英】beacon(any structure to make a pointobservable from a distance forsurveying or navigation)12076 【法】station d’observation(tout point àpartir duquel on peut faire des mesures)【汉】n．f．观测站【英】survey station12077 【法】système de projection(cartographique)【汉】n．m．(地图)投影系统【英】map projection system12078 【法】système de référence(d’un plan)【汉】n．m．(图纸的)参考、参照系统【英】plan reference system12079 【法】tachéomètre【汉】n．m．视距仪、测距仪、速度计【英】tachometer12080 【法】telluromètre(appareil électro-optique de mesure des distances)【汉】n．m．脉冲测距仪、无线电测距仪、精密测地仪【英】tellurometer(for precisemeasurement of distance by radiomicrowaves)712081 【法】témoin【汉】n．m．(测量)参考点、水准控制点【英】reference point／witness point／telltale12082 【法】théodolite【汉】n．m．光学经纬仪、精密经纬仪【英】theodolite12083 【法】théodolite／tachéomètre【汉】n．m／m．经纬仪、视距仪【英】theodolite／transit／tachometer 12084 【法】théodolite à laser【汉】n．m．激光经纬仪【英】laser theodolite12085 【法】thermomètre【汉】n．m．温度计【英】thermometer12086 【法】topographe【汉】n．地形学家、地形测量工作者【英】surveyor12087 【法】topographie【汉】n．f．测量、查勘【英】surveying12088 【法】topographie【汉】n．f．地形描绘【英】preparation of plan12089 【法】tour d'horizon／séquence【汉】n．m／f．观测序列、观测顺序【英】observation order12090 【法】transmission des lectures【汉】n．f．读数的传送【英】transmission of readings12091 【法】travaux topographiques【汉】n．m．地形测量、地形测量工作【英】topographic surveys12092 【法】triangulation【汉】n．f．三角测量【英】triangulation12093 【法】triangulation par satellites【汉】n．f．卫星定位、全球定位系统【英】global positioning system(GPS) 12094 【法】trilatération【汉】n．f．三边测量【英】trilateration12095 【法】visée(topographique)【汉】n．f．瞄准、对准、照准【英】sighting12096 【法】visée／lecture【汉】n．f／f．照准、观测、读数【英】sight／reading12097 【法】voyant【汉】n．m．标志、觇标、觇牌、目标、观测镜、信号灯、指示灯、信号盘【英】target1-313000 【法】Géologie et pétrographie【汉】n．f／f．地质及岩石学【英】Geology and petrography13001 【法】abrasion【汉】n．f．磨蚀【英】abrasion13002 【法】accélération de pointe du sol【汉】n．m．大地峰值加速【英】peak ground acceleration13003 【法】affaissement【汉】n．m．下沉、沉陷【英】subsidence／sinking13004 【法】affleurement【汉】n．m．(岩层等的)露头、露出地面【英】outcrop13005 【法】agglomérat【汉】n．m．集块岩、块集岩【英】agglomerate13006 【法】alluvion／dépôt fluvial【汉】n．f．冲积、冲积层形成、冲积地、淤积层、pl．冲积层【英】alluvium／fluvial deposit13007 【法】altération météorique【汉】n．f．风化作用、风雨侵蚀、天然时效【英】weathering13008 【法】altération superficielle【汉】n．f．表面变化【英】surface change／superficialalteration(Am)13009 【法】amorphe／vitreux【汉】a．非晶质(的)、玻璃状(的)、玻璃质(的)【英】amorphous／vitreous13010 【法】amphibolite【汉】n．f．闪岩【英】amphibolites13011 【法】analyse par sédimentation【汉】n．f．沉降分析【英】sedimentation analysis13012 【法】andésite【汉】n．f．安山岩【英】andesite13013 【法】anticlinal【汉】n．m．背斜、背斜层【英】anticline13014 【法】ardoise【汉】n．m．板岩、石板石【英】slate13015 【法】argile【汉】n．f．粘土【英】clay13016 【法】argile à blocaux／moraine8【汉】n．m．漂砾粘土、泥砾土【英】till13017 【法】argile litée／schiste argileux【汉】n．m．成层粘土、粘土层【英】shale clay13018 【法】argile réfractaire【汉】n．f．耐火土、耐火粘土【英】fireclay13019 【法】argile schisteuse【汉】n．f．页状粘土【英】shaly clay13020 【法】argilite【汉】n．f．泥质(粘土)页岩、泥(质)板岩、厚层泥岩【英】argillite13021 【法】basalte【汉】n．m．玄武岩【英】basalt13022 【法】battage【汉】n．m．打桩【英】driving13023 【法】bentonite【汉】n．f．膨润土、膨土岩、皂土、班脱土【英】bentonite13024 【法】bitume【汉】n．m．地沥青、沥青【英】bitumen13025 【法】boue à diatomées【汉】n．f．硅藻土【英】diatomaceous earth13026 【法】brèche【汉】n．f．角砾岩、角砾大理石、断层角砾岩【英】breccia13027 【法】butte témoin【汉】n．f．孤山、小尖山【英】butte13028 【法】calcaire【汉】n．石灰石、石灰岩a．钙(质)的、石灰质的【英】limestone13029 【法】calcaire à entroques【汉】n．m．海百合灰岩【英】entrochal limestone13030 【法】calcaire arénacé【汉】n．m．砂质灰岩【英】arenaceous limestonesandy limestone13031 【法】calcaire dolomitique【汉】n．m．白云灰岩【英】dolomitic limestone13032 【法】calcaire lacustre【汉】n．m．介壳灰岩【英】lacustrine limestone13033 【法】calcaire lithographique【汉】n．m．石印灰岩【英】lithographic limestone13034 【法】calcaire marneux【汉】n．m．灰质泥灰岩、泥灰灰岩【英】calcareous marlmarly limestone(Am)13035 【法】calcaire oolithique【汉】n．m．鲕状灰岩【英】oolitic limestone13036 【法】calcaire siliceux【汉】n．m．硅质灰岩【英】siliceous limestone13037 【法】calcite【汉】n．f．方解石【英】calcite13038 【法】cambrien【汉】n．m．寒武纪、寒武系【英】Cambrian13039 【法】cañon／gorge【汉】n．m／f．山谷、峡谷、峡【英】canyon／gorge13040 【法】carbonifère【汉】n．m．石炭纪、石炭系【英】Carboniferous13041 【法】carottage【汉】n．m．钻探试样、取岩芯【英】coring13042 【法】carotte【汉】n．f．岩心【英】core13043 【法】cassure【汉】n．f．裂隙、裂缝【英】fracture／crack13044 【法】cassure longitudinale【汉】n．f．走向节理【英】strike joint13045 【法】cassure oblique【汉】n．f．斜节理【英】oblique joint13046 【法】caverne【汉】n．f．岩洞、喀斯特溶洞【英】cavern／cave13047 【法】cavité obstruée【汉】n．f．填充穴【英】filled cavity13048 【法】cavité ouverte【汉】n．f．开口穴【英】open cavity13049 【法】cellulaire【汉】a．细胞状(的)(结构)9【英】cellular13050 【法】chevauchement【汉】n．m．上冲断层、掩冲断层、部分重叠、互搭【英】thrust13051 【法】chlorite【汉】n．f．绿泥石【英】chlorite13052 【法】cicatrice【汉】n．f．逆掩断层【英】feature due to unconformity13053 【法】clivage【汉】n．m．解理、劈理、划分【英】cleavage13054 【法】coagulation【汉】n．f．凝结【英】coagulation13055 【法】colluvion【汉】n．f．崩积层【英】colluvium13056 【法】compacité【汉】n．f．压实度、密实度、致密性【英】compactness13057 【法】cône de déjection【汉】n．m．冲积锥、河口扇形地【英】outfall fan13058 【法】cône d'éboulis【汉】n．m．岩锥【英】scree cone13059 【法】conglomérat【汉】n．m．砾岩【英】conglomerate13060 【法】consolidation【汉】n．f．固结、压密、振实、(混凝土)捣固、加固【英】consolidation13061 【法】contraintes résiduelles【汉】n．f．残余应力【英】residual stress13062 【法】couche【汉】n．f．层、地层、岩层【英】bed／stratum13063 【法】couches concordantes【汉】n．f．整合层【英】conformable strata13064 【法】couches discordantes【汉】n．f．不整合层【英】unconformable strata13065 【法】couches tordues【汉】n．f．扭转层【英】twisted strata13066 【法】couches tourmentées【汉】n．f．拐曲层【英】contorted strata13067 【法】coupe géologique(par sondages) 【汉】n．f．(钻探)地质断面【英】geological profile／geologicalcross-section13068 【法】craie magnésienne【汉】n．f．镁质白垩【英】magnesium chalk13069 【法】craie marneuse【汉】n．f．泥灰质白垩【英】chalk marl／marly chalk13070 【法】craie noduleuse【汉】n．f．瘤状白垩【英】nodular chalk13071 【法】craie phosphatée【汉】n．f．磷质白垩【英】phosphatic chalk13072 【法】crétacé【汉】n．m．白垩纪、白垩系【英】Cretaceous13073 【法】crevasse【汉】n．f．冰隙、裂隙【英】crevasse13074 【法】crevasse(de rocher)【汉】n．f．岩石裂隙、裂隙【英】crevice13075 【法】cristal【汉】n．m．晶体、结晶【英】crystal13076 【法】croûte terrestre【汉】n．f．地壳【英】crust13077 【法】dalle【汉】n．f．剥性砂岩、板石【英】flag／flagstone13078 【法】degré d’intensité【汉】n．m．烈度、强度【英】intensity grade13079 【法】délavage【汉】n．m．清洗、冲洗、洗选、浸润、浸湿【英】washing13080 【法】delta【汉】n．m．三角洲【英】delta13081 【法】dépôts calcaires【汉】n．m．灰质沉积(物)【英】calcareous deposits13082 【法】dépôts siliceux【汉】n．m．硅质沉积(物)【英】siliceous deposits13083 【法】dérive des continents10【汉】n．f．大陆漂移【英】continental dfft13084 【法】dessiccation【汉】n．f．干燥、旱化【英】desiccation13085 【法】détritique【汉】a．碎屑(的)、岩屑(的)【英】detrital／detritic(Am)13086 【法】dévonien【汉】n．m．泥盆纪、泥盆系【英】Devonian13087 【法】diabase【汉】n．f．辉绿岩【英】diabase13088 【法】diaclase【汉】n．f．节理裂隙、构造裂隙【英】fracture／crack13089 【法】diaclase／joint【汉】n．f．正方断裂线、节理裂隙【英】joint13090 【法】diluvien【汉】n．m．第四系【英】quaternary13091 【法】diluvium【汉】n．m．洪积层、洪积统、河积物【英】fiver drift／diluvium13092 【法】diorite【汉】n．f．闪长岩【英】diorite13093 【法】direction【汉】n．f．走向【英】strike／trend13094 【法】direction des couchesorientation des couches【汉】n．f/f．岩层走向【英】direction of the dip of the strata 13095 【法】discordance【汉】n．f．不整合【英】unconformity／disconformity(Am) 13096 【法】dispersion(des résultats)【汉】n．f．分散(结果的)【英】scatter(of results)13097 【法】dispersion／peptisation【汉】n．f／f．分散、分散作用【英】dispersion13098 【法】distance du foyer／distance focale 【汉】n．f．震源距、焦距【英】focal distance13099 【法】dolomie【汉】n．f．白云石【英】dolomite13100 【法】dolomie／dolomite【汉】n．f／f．白云石、白云岩【英】dolomite13101 【法】dyke【汉】n．m．岩墙、岩脉【英】dyke(dike)13102 【法】éboulement【汉】n．m．岩(石)崩(落)、(泥土、岩石、建筑物等的)崩塌、陷落、塌方、崩塌物【英】rockfall／landslide／slide(Am) 13103 【法】éboulis【汉】n．m．岩屑、山麓碎石【英】debris／scree／slide(Am)13104 【法】éboulis【汉】n．m．坝脚抛石、山麓堆积、坡积物、积成堆的崩塌物【英】talus13105 【法】éboulis de pente【汉】n．m．坡积层、山坡堆积、岩屑堆【英】talus material／scree scree slope 13106 【法】écaille【汉】n．f．小推复体、小复盖层【英】small nappe13107 【法】échantillon carotté【汉】n．m．岩心试样【英】core sample13108 【法】échantillon intact【汉】n．m．未扰动试样、原状试样件【英】intact sample13109 【法】échantillon non remanié【汉】n．m．未修整试样【英】undisturbed sample13110 【法】échelle d’intensité【汉】n．f．强度标度、强度等级【英】intensity scale13111 【法】échelle richter【汉】n．f．里氏震级【英】richter scale13112 【法】effct des agents atmosphériques 【汉】n．m．风化(作用)、风侵蚀【英】weathering13113 【法】effondrement【汉】n．m．塌陷、崩陷、坍塌【英】collapse／cave-in13114 【法】élutriation【汉】n．f．淘析、澄洗、澄析【英】elutriation13115 【法】éluvion【汉】n．f．残积层【英】eluvium13116 【法】entonnoir／doline【汉】n．m／f．灰岩坑、落水洞、溶斗、喀斯特漏斗11【英】sink hole13117 【法】épicentre【汉】n．m．震中、地震中心【英】epicenter13118 【法】épigénie【汉】n．f．外成、上层遗留、外力变质【英】epigenesis13119 【法】ére mésozoïque／ère secondaire 【汉】n．f／f．中生代【英】Mesozoic era13120 【法】ère tertiaire【汉】n．f．第三纪、第三系【英】tertiary era13121 【法】érosion【汉】n．f．侵蚀、冲蚀、冲刷【英】erosion13122 【法】erratique【汉】a．漂移(的)【英】erratic13123 【法】essai à la plaque【汉】n．m．承载板试验、(地基的)平板承载试验【英】plate bearing test13124 【法】essal au vérin【汉】n．m．千斤顶试验【英】jacking test13125 【法】essai au vérin plat【汉】n．m．扁千斤顶试验【英】fiat-jack test13126 【法】estuaire【汉】n．m．河口【英】estuary13127 【法】exploration【汉】n．f．研究、调查、查勘【英】investigation／research(Am) 13128 【法】faille【汉】n．f．断层、矿脉断裂缝、缺点、缺陷、裂痕【英】fault13129 【法】faille active【汉】n．f．活断层【英】active fault13130 【法】faille avec chevauchement【汉】n．f．上冲断层、掩冲断层、部分重叠、互搭【英】overthrust fault13131 【法】faille avec décrochement(rejet) 【汉】n．f．平移断层、走向滑移断层【英】strike-slip fault13132 【法】faille inverse【汉】n．f．逆断层【英】reverse fault 13133 【法】faille normale【汉】n．f．正断层【英】normal fault13134 【法】falaise【汉】n．f．悬崖、陡坡【英】escarpment／cliff13135 【法】feldspath【汉】n．m．长石【英】feldspar13136 【法】fenêtre【汉】n．f．内窗层、内围层、内露层、窗(构造)【英】inliers／window13137 【法】feuilletage【汉】n．m．叶理、剥理【英】foliation13138 【法】filon【汉】n．m．岩脉、岩墙、矿脉【英】dike／dyke13139 【法】filon／veine【汉】n．m／f．矿脉、岩脉【英】lode／vein／seam13140 【法】fissuration【汉】n．f．裂隙的形成【英】fissuration13141 【法】fissure【汉】n．f．裂缝、裂隙【英】fissure／crack13142 【法】fissure capillaire【汉】n．f．毛细裂缝、细裂缝【英】hair crack13143 【法】fissure／cassure【汉】n．f．裂缝、裂痕、裂纹【英】crack／fissure13144 【法】flexure【汉】n．f．单斜褶皱、拗曲【英】flexure13145 【法】fonçage【汉】n．m．沉人、下沉、向下掘进【英】sinking13146 【法】fondation avee diaclasesfondation diaclasée【汉】n．f．正方断裂基础【英】jointed foundation13147 【法】forage【汉】n．m．钻探、钻进【英】drilling13148 【法】forage à la tarière(action)【汉】n．m．螺旋钻探【英】auger boring13149 【法】forage à la tarière(trou)【汉】n．m．螺旋探孔【英】auger hole1213150 【法】foraminifères【汉】n．m．有孔虫类【英】foraminifera13151 【法】fossile【汉】n．m．化石【英】fossil13152 【法】foyer／hypocentre【汉】n．m．(地震的)震源【英】focus／hypocentre13153 【法】fracture【汉】n．f．破裂、断裂、断口、分化、(油层的)水力碎裂、裂面【英】fracture13154 【法】gabbro【汉】n．m．辉长岩【英】gabbro13155 【法】galerie de reconnaissance【汉】n．f．勘探导洞、探洞【英】trial heading／exploratoryheading(tunnel)13156 【法】géologie de l’ingénieur【汉】n．f．工程地质(学)【英】engineering geology13157 【法】glissement【汉】n．m．滑坡、滑动【英】slipping／sliding13158 【法】glissement de masse【汉】n．m．坍方、滑坡、土崩、崩坍【英】landslide13159 【法】glissement de surface【汉】n．m．表层(土)蠕动、表层塌滑【英】surface creep13160 【法】gneiss【汉】n．m．片麻岩【英】gneiss13161 【法】granit【汉】n．m．花岗岩【英】granite13162 【法】gravier【汉】n．m．砾石【英】gravel13163 【法】gravimètre【汉】n．m．重力仪、粉末比重机【英】gravimeter13164 【法】gravimétrie【汉】n．f．重力测定、重力分析【英】gravimetry13165 【法】grès【汉】n．m．砂岩【英】sandstone13166 【法】grès argileux【汉】n．m．泥质砂岩【英】argiliaceous sandstone 13167 【法】grès bigarré【汉】n．m．杂色砂岩【英】mottled sandstone／variegatedsandstone13168 【法】grès calcaire【汉】n．m．灰质砂岩【英】calcareous sandstone13169 【法】grès feldspathique【汉】n．m．长石砂岩【英】feldspathic sandstone13170 【法】grès micacé【汉】n．m．云母砂岩【英】micaceous sandstone13171 【法】grès siliceux【汉】n．m．硅质砂岩【英】siliceous sandstone13172 【法】gypse【汉】n．m．石膏、热石膏【英】gypsum13173 【法】hauteurs／région montagneuse 【汉】n．f／f．高地、山区【英】upland／mountain region13174 【法】hornblende【汉】n．m．角闪石【英】hornblende13175 【法】hydraté【汉】a．水化(的)、水合(的)【英】hydrated13176 【法】induré【汉】a．硬化(的)【英】indurated／hardened13177 【法】injection chimique【汉】n．f．化学灌浆、(土的)化学固结(法)【英】chemical grouting／chemicalconsolidation／chemical injection 13178 【法】injection d’argile【汉】n．f．粘土灌浆【英】clay grouting13179 【法】injection de boue／injection d’eau bourde【汉】n．f．泥浆灌浆、淤灌【英】mud grouting／mud injection 13180 【法】injection de ciment【汉】n．f．水泥灌浆【英】cement grouting13181 【法】intensité sismique【汉】n．f．地震烈度【英】seismic intensity13182 【法】joint／lit【汉】n．m／m．倾向节理【英】dip joint13183 【法】joint de cisaillement【汉】n．m．剪节理、受剪节点。

.国际工程常用英汉词汇汇编international project 国际工程overseas project 一、基础词汇海外工程domestic project 国内工程access 交通equipment 设备agreement 同意、协议expatriate 外籍职员allocation 分配、配置expert 专家approval 同意、批准export 仲裁出口arbitrationFederation of Civil Engineering Contractor 亚洲开发银行Asia Development Bank 土木工程承包商联合会assistant 助理、助手formal 授权、委托正式的authorize(delegate)hydromechanical works Bill of Quantities(BOQ) 工程量表金结工程import 土建工程进口civil worksin charge of claim 索赔负责、主管informal 评论、意见非正式的commentInstitution of Civilcommercial manager 商务经理Engineers(ICE) conditions of contract 土木工程师协会合同条件instrument 仪器、器械general conditions 通用条件insurance 保险conditions of particular application 专用条件labour 劳务special conditions of contract 特别条件layout 布置Conditions of contract for Works of Civilleading company(sponsor)牵头公司、Engineering Construction 土木工程施工合同责任公司条件责任、义务liability(responsibility/obligation)construction management 施工管理总包lump sump机械顾问consultant machinerycontract agreement 合同协议人力资源manpower(human resource)承包商Contractor Manufacturer 制造商material 材料cooperation 合作measure 协作coordination 办法、措施cost 费用take effective measures 采取有效措施measurement 成本控制cost control 测量、计量备忘录memorandum counterclaim 反索赔进场mobilization 退场demobilization反对department 部门objectionDesigner 支付设计者paymentdrawing 图纸设备plant车间图shop drawing 观点、意见point of view(opinion)design drawing 设计图prequalification 资格预审procurement 竣工图as-built drawing 采购蓝图blue drawing 利润profit透明图transparent drawing 进度控制progress controlconstruction drawing 施工图项目经理project managerelectric works quality control 电气工程质量控制申请、请求request(application) 业主Employer(Client/Owner)审查工程师Engineer review工程师代表Engineer's representative 风险riskengineering project 工程项目截流river closure...a round of excavation 一个开挖循环river diversion 导流adit 安全支洞safetyadvance signature 签名进尺advances depth 进尺深度site 工地、现场breaking hole 崩落孔site engineer 现场工程师cushion hole 缓冲孔specification 规格、规范drift 掏槽staff 职员bottom drift 底部掏槽Subcontractor 分包商center drift 提交中心掏槽submissionside drift supervise 监督、监视边部掏槽top drift 供货商顶部掏槽Supplierdrilling 钻孔the International Chamber of Commerce国际driving(progress) rate 进尺率商会easer 掏槽孔unit price 单价erecting supports for the roof and side wall 变更variation(change) 对顶拱及边墙进行支护World Bank 世界银行full face excavation 全断面开挖二、工程施工类heading and bench excavation 导流与台阶开-（一）工程施工土建类挖◆开挖与支护（Excavation and Support)loading and hauling muck(mucking ) Open Excavation ) 装拉渣明挖（loading (charging) bench excavation 装药台阶开挖perimeter hole 周边孔concrete excavation 砼开挖pilot tunnel 导洞断层开挖fault excavationremoving dust foundation excavation 基础开挖除尘removing ground water 清除地面积水局部开挖local excavationshooting the explosive (blasting) 大面积开挖放炮mass(bulk) excavationtop heading excavation protective layer excavation 上导洞开挖保护层开挖ventilation rock excavation 岩石开挖通风钻孔爆破(Drilling and Blasting) 边坡开挖slope excavationabandoned hole 废孔soft ground excavation 软基开挖average hole depth 土方开挖soil excavation 平均孔深average quantity used in unit structural excavation 结构开挖volume blasted 平均单耗齿槽开挖tooth excavationblasting result 爆破结果unclassified material excavation 不分类料开blockness 挖块度controlled perimeter blasting coefficient of nonuniformity 开挖不均匀系数周边控制爆破data of explosive filled 截水槽cutoff trench 装药参数data of holes drilled 排水dewatering(drainage) 钻孔参数delayed blasting 开挖基坑excavation pit 延时爆破exploratory hole intensity of excavation 开挖强度探孔explosive quantity 药量超挖overexcavate ( overbreak )explosive quantity in a sound 单响药量水泵坑pump sumphandling misfire 欠挖Underexcavate ( underbreak ) 处理哑炮light charge underbreak treatment 欠挖处理少量装药loosening blasting 松动爆破Tunnel and Underground 洞挖及地下开挖（Excavation)布孔方式pattern...replace 重新回填distance between holes 孔距retreat (do the work again) 排距返工distance between rowsscarify 翻松、刨毛post shearing blasting 微差爆破screen and wash 筛分和冲洗prespliting blasting 预裂爆破take a sample 取样quantity of holes 孔数test 测试smooth blasting 光面爆破transport 运输延时支护(rock support)treat expansion shell rock bolt 胀壳式张拉锚杆处理trim 随机锚索feature rock anchor 修整缺陷（Defects feature rock bolt 随机张拉锚杆）calcium particles 随机砂浆锚杆姜石feature rock dowelcontaminated material feature rock reinforcement 随机加固受污染料declination of the boundary 钢桁架、格构大梁料界偏差lattice girderdry 干燥pattern cement grouted rocklack of compaction 系统水泥浆锚杆dowel 漏压lump sump 结块pattern resin grouted rock dowelmuddy 系统树脂浆锚杆泥泞oversize material pattern rock dowel 系统砂浆锚杆超粒径材料pocket 囊穴pattern rock reinforcement 系统加固seepage 渗流permanent rock support 永久支护separation 分离post-tensioned cement grouted tendon rockshear area 剪力区anchor 后张拉水泥浆锚索lens 回弹料rebound material 透镜体其它（return rock bolt 回头张拉锚杆Others)bonding surface 回头加固return rock reinforcement 结合面byproduct 副产品shotcrete anchorage 喷锚controlling parameter 控制参数挂网喷砼shotcrete with wire meshfill placement record steel fabric shotcrete 钢纤维喷砼填筑记录frog area 蛙夯区钢拱架steel ribrequired embankment 必要填方temporary rock support 临时支护subzone 树脂张拉锚tensioned resin grouted rock bolt 分区◆混凝土（杆Concrete ）air-entrained concrete(aerated concrete) Working ◆土石料的填筑及碾压施工工序（加气砼Sequence)asphalt concrete 沥青砼backfill 回填blinding concrete 混合blend 垫层砼cast-in situ(site/place)concrete 碾压compact 现浇砼plastic concrete 控制洒水controlled sprinkling 塑料砼fibrous concrete cut the slope 削坡纤维砼first stage concrete 卸料dump 一期砼foamed concrete exploit 开采泡沫砼high-performance concrete level 整平高性能砼high-strength concrete 高强砼装料loadintrusion concrete 压浆砼水分调节moisture conditionlean concrete (poor concrete) 摊铺place and spread 贫砼remove 清除轻骨料砼lightweight aggregate concrete...air-entraining agent 引气剂mass concrete 大体积砼bloating(bulking /expansion) agent 无砂砼膨胀剂non-fines concretecoring admixture 着色剂non-plastic concrete 干硬性砼early-strength admixture 早强剂non-shrinkage concrete 无收缩砼gas-forming admixture 发气剂（起泡剂）normal concrete 常态砼fluidizer plain concrete 素砼塑化剂retarding agent 缓凝剂porous concrete 多孔砼set-controlling admixture 调凝剂预应力砼prestressed concretesuper-plasticizer 增塑剂、高效减水剂pump concrete 泵送砼surface-active agent 表面活性剂reinforced concrete 钢筋砼water-reducing agent 减水剂roller compacted concrete( rollcrete) 碾压砼accelerating water reducer 速凝型减水剂second stage concrete 二期砼retarding water reducer 缓凝型减水剂作业（Activity）waterproof agent 防水剂clearance(clearing) 清理）指标（concreteIndexes抗压强度compressive strength pouring(placement/casting) 砼浇筑压应力compressive stress curing 养护砼等级concrete class 薄膜养护Membrance curing终凝强度moist curing 湿润养护final strength级配标准养护normal curing graduation蒸汽养护级配曲线graduation curve steam curing修理repairing 抗渗性impermeability初凝强度initial setting strength Scabbling (chiping/roughening) 凿毛配比设计mix design greencutting 冲毛抗冻融性surface finishing 收面resistance to freezing and thawing抗剪强度shear strength 振捣vibrating缺陷（Defects坍落度slump ）bug hole(pitted surface) 麻面比重specific weight/gravitystability against s cavity 狗洞cold joint 冷缝抗滑稳定性liding应变strain 裂缝cracksurface finish 表面平整度deformation 变形tensile strength 坑洼depression 抗拉强度fire-damaged concrete 火损砼tensile stress 拉应力跑模formwork shifting(moving) thermal stress 温度应力grout leakage 漏浆（挂帘）water-cement ratio 水灰比工作应力蜂窝honeycomb working stress不完全振捣、漏振incomplete vibration ）其他（Others不规则irregularity 验收acceptance segregation(bleeding) 离析age 龄期错台stair(staggered joint) aggregate 骨料tie rod hole 拉杆孔细骨料fine aggregatewater leakage 漏水粗骨料coarse aggregateair pocket 渗水water seepage 气囊Admixture外加剂（）气密性airtightness accelerator 速凝剂替代物、替换方法alternative...section area 截面面积apply 应用、施加shearkey 弯矩抗剪键bending momentkey groove 键槽block 仓号shotcrete dry-mix process 干喷砼生产binding strength 黏结强度shotcrete wet-mix process 湿喷砼生产calibration 标定simplify cement anchor 锚固卷简化simultaneously concrete plug 砼塞同时地spacer 水泥垫块concrete precast element 砼预制件spacing 间距concrete release sheet 发料单stress concentration 应力集中施工缝construction jointsymmetry 对称contamination /pollution 污染technical data 技术参数conversion(reconstruction) 改建temperature control 温度控制coverage 覆盖范围temperature difference 温差养护剂curing agenttemperature rise(gain) delivery sheet 运料单温度升高theoretical elongation 理论延长量direct discharge 直接入仓unloading elevation 高程、正视图卸载water stop 止水还氧砂浆抹面epoxy mortar applicationPVC water stop PVCexisting 现有（存）的止水rubber water stop 橡皮止水expansion joint 伸缩缝copper water stop 铜止水facilitate 使容易（便利）watertightness 闭水性纤丝笼gabionwinter protection 湿度冬季保温humidity◆模板（identity Formwok/Shutteringform) 识别、标记erecting(setting up/fixing) formwork 立模ingredient 成分、配料Stripping (removing/dismantling) formwork inspection 拆检查、验收模preliminary inspection 初验bond breaker 脱模剂final inspection 终验climbing cone appearance inspection 外观检查爬升锥dam bracket 大坝支架完整的、未被触动的intactdistance piece 塔间缝横支撑inter-tower jointdouble-curvature formwork introduce into 双曲模板穿入将……flat formwork 平面模板isolate 隔离formwork oil laitance 模板油浮浆皮pigtail anchor layer(lift)height 层高猪尾筋retractable formwork 满足设计要求meet design requirement 进退式模板shearkey box moment of inertia 惯性距键槽盒sliding formwork 滑模预留孔Pocket (box out/preset hole)steel form carrier 后冷却post-cooling 钢模台车steel formwork 后张拉post tensioning 钢模steel waling pre-cooling 预冷却钢围令、钢支撑stopend pre-stressing 堵头、封堵模板预应力temporary formwork 临时模板先张拉pre-tensioningtie rod(form tie) 拉杆扒拉试验pull-off testtiltable formwork 钢筋保护层reinforcement cover 倾斜式模板remark 备注顶拱及底拱模板vault and invert formwork...flow rate meter 测量计wood formwork 木模galvanized elbow ）镀锌弯头◆钢筋（Reinforcement Rebargrout cap 灌浆帽distribution bar 分布筋grout cell 出浆盒dowel 插筋grout stop plate 止浆片horizontal bar 水平筋grout valve lap length 搭接长度灌浆阀inlet pipe 进浆管main stress bar 主应力筋large radius elbow 大弧弯头overlap 搭接main pipe 总管shear bar 剪力筋male-quick coupling 外丝快接头splice welding 绑条焊接outlet pipe starter bar 起始筋、苗子锦出浆管packer 灌浆塞stirrup 箍筋piston support bar 架立筋活塞plug 竖直筋vertical bar 堵头reducer socket ）◆灌浆（Grouting变径管套return pipe 回填灌浆回浆管backfill groutingtee piece consolidation grouting 固结灌浆三通管reduce tee piece 接触灌浆变径三通管contact groutingswivel-clamp 帷幕灌浆curtain grouting 转卡U-bend U弯头gap grouting 接缝灌浆union 活接头gravity grouting 自重灌浆ventilation pipe 排气管jet grouting 旋喷灌浆water supply 水包多次灌浆multi-stage grouting参数及指标（pressure grouting 压力灌浆Parameter andIndexes环行灌浆ring grouting ）consistency single-stage grouting 一次灌浆稠度fineness 细度Activity工艺过程（）grout take 吃浆量通风试验air testhigh take backfilling of hole 封孔吃浆量大grouting pressure 灌浆压力通水试验flushing testleakage rate 漏水率joint washing 洗缝Lugeon 吕容密封sealmix proportion 浆比soak 浸泡pumping rate 压水试验water pressure test 泵浆率refusal criteria 管路及组件（排浆标准Circuit and Elements）air supply 风包抽浆时间refusal time升降管arising pipe water aborptin 吸水率circuit 回路Plant and Instrument）仪器设备（搅拌站agitator 卡子clamp自动记录仪automatic recorder 旋塞cockchiller plant(cooling plant) 蛇形管coil 制冷站displancement point cylinder 缸套位移点对丝连接套double nipple 电子流量计electronic grout flow meterexpansion coupling 伸缩节extensometer 变位计female-quick coupling flow transmitter 流量传感器内丝快接头foundation displacementfixed clamp 死卡...first order triangulation 一等三角测量indicator 基础位移指示器geodetic 灌浆泵大地测量学的grout pumpgeodetic surveying 大地测量hydrometer 比重计joint survey 联合测量joint meter 测缝计known point 已知点mixing plant 制浆站level surface monitor 监测器水准面local triangulation networks 局部三角网osmometer 渗压计national coordination system 国家坐标网pendulum 钟摆observe 观测、监视portable instrument 便携式仪器point to be located 待定点pressure gauge 压力表position pressure sensor 定位、位置压力传感器reconnaissance 选点、踏勘reinforcement meter 钢筋计reference point steel basin 搅拌槽参考点second order triangulation 应变计二等三角测量strain meterset out 温度传感器temperature sensor 放线、放样stake-line 集线站测桩线terminal stationstate plane coordinate system 其他（Others）国家平面坐标系check hole 检查孔survey point 测点compartment 灌区theoretical point 理论点浓浆dense mixtraverse(polygon) foundation uplift 基础隆起导线（测量）、横断error of traverse 灌浆孔导线闭合差grout holelattice traverse instrument hole 仪器孔网格状导线long side traverse 长导线一primary/secondary and tertiary grout holesopen traverse 非闭合导线序、二序、三序灌浆孔short side traverse 短导线加密灌浆孔距spilt spacingtraverse closure 弃浆导线闭合waste mixtraverse station 导线点）Survey◆测量（traverse survey Methods and Terms测量方法及术语（）导线测量triangulation 三角测量校正、调整adjusttriangulation network 三角网adjustment 平差triangulation of high order 高等级三角网容许误差allowancetriangulation point 三角点backsight point 后视点trilateration 基础点basic point 三边测量vertical-control net bench mark 水准点高程控制网wood pile 木桩罗盘compass角度测量（桩号chainage(station number) Angular Measure）azimuth 三角锁chain of triangulation 方位角bearing check 校核、对照方位、象限角buddle 控制点control point 气泡、水准器circle coordinate point 坐标点度盘、圆盘circular bubble datum 基础面圆水准器collimation axis 视准轴基准点datum pointcross-line(cross-hair) 十字丝偏差deviationdepression angle 容易识别点easily identifiable point 俯角error 误差仰角elevation angle...tape 卷尺eyepiece(ocular) 目镜invar tape 标杆铟瓦钢卷尺field pole(staff)高程测量（foot-screw 脚螺栓Height Measurement）altitude/elevation 水平角高程、海拔horizontal angleapproximate leveling 近似置平、粗平mark 标志（明）automatic level 自动定平水准仪objective lens 物镜difference in altitude(difference of 铅垂、垂线plumb(plummet)elevation ,height difference) sight 瞄准、观测高差error of closure in leveling 水准闭合差target 目标、瞄准exact leveling 精平、确置平theodolite 经纬仪level 水准仪（测点）横轴tranverse axislevel circuit 水准闭合环tripod 三脚架level shoe 水准尺垫vertical angle 竖直角line of level 水准线路vertical axis 竖轴national geodetic vertical datum 国家大地高望远镜（Telescope）程基准面centering 对中reduced level face left 盘左归化高差run back 盘右返测face rightrun out focus 集中、焦点往测three-wire leveling 三丝法水准测量调焦focusing地形测量（指标误差Topographic Survey）index errorboundary inverted position of telescope(reverse 边界、界线construction stake 施工标桩telescope)倒镜、盘右contour 等高线normal position of telescope(direct telescope)contour interval 等高距正镜、盘右contouring 光学垂准器绘等高线optical plummetcontour-length method round 等高线延长法测回contour line 等高线set 套、组control network 控制网测站stationdetail 细部、详图）Distance Measure距离测量（draw barometer 气压计绘图field 基线base line(basic line/datum line) 外业fix 固定、确定battery 电池form line 地形图EDM(electromagnetic distance measurement)grid 格网电磁波测距information filter 滤光片、滤波器注记、资料、情报marginal information 激光准直系统laser alignment system 轮廓注记large-scale laser beam 激光束大比例尺的latitude 棱镜prism 纬度、范围latitude circle 测程、距离range 纬圈latitude line long range 远程纬线legend 中程图例medium rangelocation 定线、定位短程short rangelongitude 测距仪range finder 经度longitude line 信号signal 经线spring balance 弹簧称地图、制图map...strong-motion seismogragh 强震仪mapping 制图、测图、地质素描surface monument 拼接线表面标点match linetemperature sensor 温度传感器monument 标石、石柱terminal house 终端房object 地物、目标terminal station 终端站plan 平面图、略图tilt meter plot 绘图倾角计time average pressure cell profile 断面（图）、纵剖图时均压力计total pressure cell 总压力盒record 记录、资料velometer 流速计setup 定置仪器vertical inclinometer 垂直测斜仪定位site locationvibrating wire piezometer 震旋式渗压计stake out 放样、定线、立桩vibrating wire settlement sensor 振旋式沉降符号、记号symbol仪topographic detail 地形细部weir with micro piezometer 带微压计的量水堰地形图topographic mapworking base point Instrumentation ◆原形观测观测仪器和设施{工作基点砼无应力计and Facilities）zero stress-strain meter）附件及配件（air-entraining meter 掺气剂Acessories and Spare Parts卡尔逊式渗压计Carlson-type piezometer 盘绕coilconcrete strain meter 砼应变计零部件component坐标仪coordinator convergent point 收敛测点阻尼角damping box direct plumb line 正垂线差动电阻differential resistance 土压力盒earth pressure cell双层保护embankment piezometer 坝体渗压计double layer rubber sleeve堤应变计embankment strain meter 强制对中盘forced centering plate仪器电缆instrument lead extended wire 引张线foundation piezometer 铟瓦丝invar wire 基础渗压计horizontal inclinometer 水平测斜仪metal ring 金属环plumb coordinate meter 垂线坐标仪hydraulic instrument 水力学仪器pulley hydrophone 水听器滑轮测斜管inclinometer casing regulator 调节器riser interface joint meter 界面变位计立管传感器sensor 倒垂线inverted plumb line微压计绕轴spool micro piezometermultiple position extensometer 多点位移计钢底座steel socket药片observation point 观测标点tablet观测井observation well 张拉重锤tensioning weight视准线optical alignment line thermistor 热敏电阻钢板计plate strain meter tip 测头气压式渗压计）Procession of Installation安装过程（pneumatic piezometer组装assemble 脉动压力计pressure fluctuation meterprestressed tendon anchorage 连接coupleembed 埋设预应力锚索测力计dynamometer安装install 锚杆测力计rock bolt extensometer单点位移计single point extensometer 绝缘insulatespiral sensor 测扭仪维护maintenancestandpipe 测压管监测monitor...fineness modulus 细度模数protection of instrumentation 仪器保护gaping place rate 空隙率reduce 归纳grader retained percentage seal 密封分计筛余百分率grain composition 颗粒级配splice 拼接grain size 粒径supply 提供lightweight matter in aggregate 轻物质含量test 测试mica content 云母含量资料（Information）moisture content(water rate) 含水率assemble schematic 装配简图mud content 含泥量合格证书certificateorganic content description 使用说明书有机质含量potential reactivity of aggregate 维护指南骨料潜在活性maintenace guidelinemanual 说明书饱和的saturation筛分曲线sieving curve 工作原理operating principleoperating restraint 操作范围软弱骨料含量soft grain in aggregate坚固性soundness procedure 程序表面含水率surface moisture content trouble shooting procedure 鼓掌分析程序水溶性硫化物water-soluble sulphide Others其他（）(Hydraulicity cementitious 水硬性胶凝材料环行空间annular spacematerial) 数据采集data acquisitiondata recording 数据记录龄期agecement mark(strength of cement /cement 引线孔leas drilling hole永久记录permanent record 水泥标号grade)consumptive use of water normal consistance 读数设备readout devicesaturated 饱和的标准稠度用水量流动性degree of mobilization seepage isolation dike 截渗堤dissolution heat ( solution heat ) 溶解热梯形trapezoidal◆水工常规试验final set 终凝flexural strength 抗弯强度砼原材料试验（Test of Raw and Processedflyash 粉煤灰Material of Concrete））hydration heat 水化热Aggregate骨料（abrasion volume by Los Angeles rattler 初凝initial set洛杉机磨耗量烧矢量loss on ignition(ignition loss)凝结时间累计筛余百accumulated retained percentage setting time硅粉silica fume 分率水泥的安定性soundness 针状与acicular and flaky grain in aggregate 片状颗粒含量specific surface area 比表面积specific heat 比热碱骨料反应alkali-aggregate reactionwater demand ratio 吸水量比视密度apparent density）外加剂（容重bulk density (unity weight) Admixture泡沫稳定性clay lumps and friable particles in aggregate bubble stabilitybubbling ability 起泡能力黏土块及易碎颗粒含量软化系数coefficient of softening chloride content 氯化物含量压碎指标crush index 抗压强度比compressive strength ratecontract with dry rate 干缩率干燥状态dry statedispersing coefficient 分散系数exceeding and inferior grain indispersing ability of wateraggregate 超逊径颗粒含量...-reducing agent 减水剂分散能力linear expansion coefficient 线膨胀系数loss of weight 重量损失loss of slump 塌落度损失natural frequency 自振频率硫酸盐含量sulphate contentpermeate 渗透solid content 固体含量permeated height 渗透高度surface tension 表面张力permeated-resisting markwater-reducing rate 减水率抗渗标号relative coefficient of permeability Water）相对渗透系水（数碱度alkalinityresonance frequency 共振频率calcion 钙离子sample 钙酸试件carbonic acidself-grown volume deformationchlorion 氯离子（砼）自生体积变形equivalent concentration 当量浓度splitting tensile strength 劈裂抗拉强度oxygen consumption 耗氧量static compressive modulus of elasticity 静力normal solution (standard抗压弹数标准溶液solution)temperature conductivity PH value PH值导温系数tensile modulus of elasticity 抗拉弹性模量water analysis 水值分析thermal insulation warming 砼（绝热温升Concrete）ultimate tensile strain 极限拉应变Mixture砼拌和物（）ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度砼保证强度assurance strength of concretewear rate bleeding rate 泌水率磨损率wear-resisting strength 抗冲磨强度cement-sand ration 灰砂比砂浆（Cement）砼设计标号design strength of concretecement lime mortar 砼的流动性flowability of concrete 水泥石灰砂浆cement mortar 水泥砂浆mix proportion (proportion of mixture) 砼配合cement-clay mortar 水泥黏土砂浆比epoxy mortar mixture uniformity 拌和物的均匀性环氧砂浆lime mortar 石灰砂浆贯入阻力法penetration-obstruction methodplastering mortar 砼抹面砂浆probability of ensuring strength of concretepointing joint mortar 勾缝砂浆强度保证率土（sand rate 砂率Soil）accumulation curve (cumulative curve) 单位用水量unit consumption of water 累计曲线water retention (water retentiveness) 保水性activity index 活性指标水灰比water-cement ratioangle of friction 摩擦角）硬化砼（Hardened concreteAtterberg limits(water content as limit) 轴向抗拉强度axial tensile strength 阿太堡界限（界限含水量）coefficient of thermal conductivity 导热系数California bearing ratio cooling rate 冷却率载重比coarse-grained soil core of concrete 粗粒土砼芯样coefficient of compressibility creep deformation (time deformation ) 压缩系数徐变变coefficient of cubical形compressibility 形状系数form coefficient(form factor) 体积压缩系数coefficient of curvature freezing -melting circulation 冻融循环曲率系数compression 压缩frost-resistance mark 抗冻标号compression index 砼热学性能heat property of concrete 压缩指数height-diameter ration 高径比压缩模数compression modulus...consolidated-undrained (quick) shear test 固pore water pressure 空隙水压力porosity 结不排水剪（固结快剪）试验空隙率principal stress 主应力consolidated-drained (slow) shear test 固结不Proctor compaction test 普氏击实试验排水剪（慢剪）试验relative density 相对密度consolidation 固结sand replacement method consolidation coefficient 固结系数灌砂法saturability (saturation degree/percent consolidation settlement 固结沉降saturation) 饱和度consolidation stress 固结应力saturated unit weight 饱和容重continuous grading/gradation 连接级配seepage deformation 收缩试验渗透变形contraction test(shrinkage test)seepage force(seepage pressure) 环刀法core cutter method 渗透力seepage line 蠕变曲线渗透线creep curveseepage speed 渗透速度critical slope 逸出坡降（临界坡降）shear stress 达西定律切向应力（剪应力）Darcy's lawshrinkage limit 固结度degree of consolidation 缩限skip(gap/jump) grading 自由膨胀率间断级配degree of free swellingspecific gravity of soil particle direct shear test 直接剪切试验土粒比重steady seepage field 稳定渗流场反复直剪强度试direct shear test of reiterationstress path 验应力路径total strength envelope 总强度包线distribution curve 分布曲线triaxial compression test 三轴压缩试验流土drift soil (shifting soil/mass flow)unconfined compression strength effective angle of inner friction 有效内摩擦角无侧限抗压强度effective strength envelope 有效强度包线unconsolidated undrained test 不固结不排水expansion force 膨胀力剪（快剪）试验膨胀率expansion ration(specific expansion)variable head method filtering flow(seepage flow) 渗流变水头法void(pore) ratio 孔隙比细粒土fine-grained soilwater replacement method 流网灌水法flow net(drift net)wet density hydraulic slope 湿密度水力坡降其它建筑材料hydrometer method 比重计法钢筋（steel ）常水头法hydrostatic head methodbending and unbending 反复弯曲limit equilibrium state 极限平衡状态cold bending test 冷弯试验液化liquefactionelongation test 液限拉伸试验liquid limitnominal diameter liquidity index 公称直径液化指标ratio of elongation maximum dry density 最大干密度伸长率relaxation test method of sieving 筛分法松弛试验steel strand 莫力应力圆钢绞线Mohr's stress circletensile yield strength 拉伸屈服强度库伦破坏莫尔Mohr-coulomb failure criteria -ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度准则木材（Wood法向应力（正应力）normal stress ）curshing strength paralled to the oedometer curve 压缩曲线grain 最优含水量optimum moisture content 顺纹抗压强度tensile strength paralled to the piping 管涌grain plastic limit 顺纹抗拉强度塑限crushing strength across th eplasticity index 塑性指标...Ordovician period (system) 奥陶纪（系）grain 横纹抗压强度Silurian period (system) tensile strength across to the 志留纪（系）Devonian period (system) 泥盘纪（系）grain 横纹抗拉强度Carboniferous period (system) 石碳纪（系）沥青（Asphalt）Permian period (system) 二叠纪（系）brittle temperature test 脆化点试验Triassic period (system) expansion test 延伸度试验三叠纪（系）Jurassic period (system) 针入式试验penetration test 侏罗纪（系）Cretaceous period (system) 白垩纪（系）softening point test 软化点试验Tertiary period (system) 第三纪（系）test of aging 老化试验Quaternary period (system) 第四纪（系）viscosity test 粘滞性试验地质构造（Geologic Structural）Quality Management）质量管理（fault 断层average 平均值normal fault 正断层deviation standard(error of meanreversed fault 逆断层squares) 均方差parallel fault 平移断层deviation coefficient(dispersiongouge 断层泥coefficient) 离差系数stria 擦痕相关系数index of correlationjoint 节理management limit 管理界限primary joint 原生节理mathematic statistics 数理统计secondary joint 次生节理maximum 最大值tension joint 最小值minimum 张节理unloading joint normal distribution 正态分布卸荷节理schistosity 片理quality assurance 质量保证bedding 层理quality examination 质量检测foliation 板理（叶理）回归曲线regression curveripple mark 相对湿度波痕relative dampnessmud crack sample capacity 泥痕样本容量rain print 雨痕sampling frequency 取样频率orientation of bedrock 岩层产状样品specimenstrike 走向statistical analysis 统计分析dip 技术规范technical specification 倾向angle of dip (dip angle ) technical standard 技术标准倾角fold 褶皱试验环境testing circumstanceanticline 背斜testing error 试验误差syncline 向斜试验规程testing regulation Monocline (homocline) 方差分析单斜variance analysisdome ◆地质穹隆(Geology)soft stratum 地质年代（软弱岩层Geochronology of Geologiczone of fracture(broken zone ) ）Ages破碎带affected zone 影响带Archaeozoic era (erathem) 太古代（界）元古代（界）Proterozoic era (erathem) 板状构造platy structurePalaeozoic era (erathem) 古生代（界）cleavage 解理中生代（界）fracture(rupture) 断裂Mesozoic era (erathem)裂隙新生代（界）Cenozoic era (erathem) fissure(crack/fracture)震旦纪（系）Sinian period (system) ）Rock type岩石类型（Cambrian period (system) 寒武纪（系）岩石学petrology...quartzite 石英岩igneous rock 火成岩marble 岩浆岩大理岩magmatic rockmylonite 糜棱岩lava(vocanic rock) 火山岩migmatite 混合岩intrusive (invade) rock 侵入岩cataclasite 碎裂岩effusive rock 深成岩sediment(deposit) pypabussal rock 浅成岩沉积物（层）boulder 漂石、顽石acid rock 酸性岩cobble 卵石inter-mediate rock 中性岩gravel 砾石basic rock 基性岩sand 砂ultrabasic rock 超基性岩siltstone 粉土granite 花岗岩clay 黏土porphyry 斑岩sandy clay rhyolite 砂质黏土玢岩clayey sand 流纹岩粘质砂土syenitesandy loam trachyte 粗面岩壤土、亚黏土regolith ( topsoil ) 浮土、表土diorite 闪长岩loess andesite 安山岩黄土laterite 辉长岩红土gabbropeat basalt 玄武岩泥炭ooze 软泥、海泥aplite 细晶岩造岩矿物（伟晶岩pegmatite Rock-formingMinerals）lamprophyre 煌斑岩talc 滑石辉绿岩diabasegypsum dunite 橄榄岩石膏calcite 方解石浮岩pumicefluorite 萤石sedimentary rock 沉积岩apatite 碎屑岩clastic rock 磷灰石feldspar 长石clay rock 黏土岩quartz 石英化学岩chemical rocktopaz biolith 生物岩黄玉corundum 刚玉砾岩conglomeratediamand 金刚石siltstone 粉砂岩orthoclase 正长石泥岩mudstoneplagloclase 页岩斜长石shalebiotite 黑云母盐岩saline rockmuscovite limestone 石灰岩白云母amphibole 白云岩dolomite 角闪石phroxene marl 泥灰岩辉石olivine 火山角砾岩volcanic breccia 橄榄石dolomite 火山块集岩volcanic agglomerate 白云石tuff 凝灰岩高岭石kaolinitemontmorillonite 蒙脱石变质岩metamorphic rock斑脱石、膨润土bentonite 板岩slate千枚岩phyllite 伊力石illiteschist 片岩石榴子石garnetgneiss 片麻岩绿泥石chlorite...serpentine 蛇纹石streak 条痕rent/fracture 断口pyrite 黄铁矿crystal form 晶形hematite 赤铁矿岩石学(Petrology) 磁铁矿magnetiteclassification 褐铁矿分类limonitestructure 构造应力工程地质（Engineering Geology）texture 结构Geotechnics ( geotechnique) 土工学（土工技fabric 组构术、岩石工程）mineral composition 矿物组成rock mechanics 岩石力学crystalline 结晶质soil mechanics 土力学amorphous substance geomechanics 地质力学、岩石力学非晶质fossil engineering geological 化石degree of rounding 工程地质条件conditons 磨圆度degree of grains 工程地质问题粒度engineering geological problem地层地貌(Stratum andPhysiognomy) rock mass structure 岩体结构basin 盆地geographic and geomorphic conditions 地形river valley 河谷地貌条件river bed 河床geophysical phenomenon 物理地质现象topography 地形水文地质条件hydrogeological conditionsterrain 天然材料地势natural materialsattitude reservoir 水库产状rock base ( batholite) 岩基settlement 沉降rock stock 岩株位移displacementrock flow deformation 变形岩流rock loccolith 岩盖构造应力tectonic stressrock lopolith 岩盆residual stress 残余应力rock dike 岩墙内摩擦角angle of internal frictionrock sill 岩床cohesion 内聚力（粘聚力、凝聚力）vein dyke 岩脉压力隧洞pressure tunnel sediment(deposit) underground cavern/cavity 地下洞室沉积物（层）alluvium 冲积物（层）覆盖物overburdenproluvium(diluvium) 洪积物（层）bed rock(base rock/foundation rock) 基岩deluvium 坡积物（层）坚硬岩石firm/sound rockeluvium 残积物（层）weak/soft rock 软弱岩石eolian deposit 夹层interbed 风积物（层）lake deposit 破碎带湖积物（层）zone of fracture (broken zones )marine deposit homogeneity 海积物（层）均质性glacial (drift) deposit nonhomogeneity/heterogeneity 非均质性冰川沉积物（层）colluvial deposit (colluvium) isotropy 各向同性崩积物（层）交错层cross-bedding anisotropy 各向异性地质构造geologic structure (Physical Character of 矿物质的物理性质geotectonics Minerals)大地构造学地堑graben 硬度hardness地垒光泽luster horst颜色color 整合cordance(conformity)transparencey/pellucidity 透明度非整合discordance(unconformity)...。

strain meter 应变计temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal station 集线站其他（Others）check hole 检查孔compartment 灌区dense mix 浓浆foundation uplift 基础隆起grout hole 灌浆孔instrument hole 仪器孔primary/secondary and tertiary grout holes 一序、二序、三序灌浆孔spilt spacing 加密灌浆孔距waste mix 弃浆◆测量（Survey）测量方法及术语（Methods and Terms）adjust 校正、调整adjustment 平差allowance 容许误差backsight point 后视点basic point 基础点bench mark 水准点compass 罗盘chainage(station number) 桩号chain of triangulation 三角锁check 校核、对照control point 控制点coordinate point 坐标点datum 基础面datum point 基准点deviation 偏差easily identifiable point 容易识别点error 误差first order triangulation 一等三角测量geodetic 大地测量学的geodetic surveying 大地测量joint survey 联合测量known point 已知点level surface 水准面local triangulation networks 局部三角网national coordination system 国家坐标网observe 观测、监视point to be located 待定点position 定位、位置reconnaissance 选点、踏勘reference point 参考点second order triangulation 二等三角测量set out 放线、放样stake-line 测桩线state plane coordinate system 国家平面坐标系survey point 测点theoretical point 理论点traverse(polygon) 导线（测量）、横断error of traverse 导线闭合差lattice traverse 网格状导线long side traverse 长导线open traverse 非闭合导线short side traverse 短导线traverse closure 导线闭合traverse station 导线点traverse survey 导线测量triangulation 三角测量triangulation network 三角网triangulation of high order 高等级三角网triangulation point 三角点trilateration 三边测量vertical-control net 高程控制网wood pile 木桩角度测量（Angular Measure）azimuth 方位角bearing 方位、象限角buddle 气泡、水准器circle 度盘、圆盘circular bubble 圆水准器collimation axis 视准轴cross-line(cross-hair) 十字丝depression angle 俯角elevation angle 仰角eyepiece(ocular) 目镜field pole(staff) 标杆foot-screw 脚螺栓horizontal angle 水平角mark 标志（明）objective lens 物镜plumb(plummet) 铅垂、垂线sight 瞄准、观测target 目标、瞄准theodolite 经纬仪tranverse axis 横轴tripod 三脚架vertical angle 竖直角vertical axis 竖轴望远镜（Telescope）centering 对中face left 盘左face right 盘右focus 集中、焦点focusing 调焦index error 指标误差inverted position of telescope(reverse telescope)倒镜、盘右normal position of telescope(direct telescope)正镜、盘右optical plummet 光学垂准器round 测回set 套、组station 测站距离测量（Distance Measure）barometer 气压计base line(basic line/datum line) 基线battery 电池EDM(electromagnetic distance measurement) 电磁波测距filter 滤光片、滤波器laser alignment system 激光准直系统laser beam 激光束prism 棱镜range 测程、距离long range 远程medium range 中程short range 短程range finder 测距仪signal 信号spring balance 弹簧称tape 卷尺invar tape 铟瓦钢卷尺高程测量（Height Measurement）altitude/elevation 高程、海拔approximate leveling 近似置平、粗平automatic level 自动定平水准仪difference in altitude(difference ofelevation ,height difference) 高差error of closure in leveling 水准闭合差exact leveling 精平、确置平level 水准仪（测点）level circuit 水准闭合环level shoe 水准尺垫line of level 水准线路national geodetic vertical datum 国家大地高程基准面reduced level 归化高差run back 返测run out 往测three-wire leveling 三丝法水准测量地形测量（Topographic Survey）boundary 边界、界线construction stake 施工标桩contour 等高线contour interval 等高距contouring 绘等高线contour-length method 等高线延长法contour line 等高线control network 控制网detail 细部、详图draw 绘图field 外业fix 固定、确定form line 地形图grid 格网information 注记、资料、情报marginal information 轮廓注记large-scale 大比例尺的latitude 纬度、范围latitude circle 纬圈latitude line 纬线legend 图例location 定线、定位longitude 经度longitude line 经线map 地图、制图mapping 制图、测图、地质素描match line 拼接线monument 标石、石柱object 地物、目标plan 平面图、略图plot 绘图profile 断面（图）、纵剖图record 记录、资料setup 定置仪器site location 定位stake out 放样、定线、立桩symbol 符号、记号topographic detail 地形细部topographic map 地形图◆原形观测观测仪器和设施{Instrumentation and Facilities）air-entraining meter 掺气剂Carlson-type piezometer 卡尔逊式渗压计concrete strain meter 砼应变计convergent point 收敛测点direct plumb line 正垂线earth pressure cell 土压力盒embankment piezometer 坝体渗压计embankment strain meter 堤应变计extended wire 引张线foundation piezometer 基础渗压计horizontal inclinometer 水平测斜仪hydraulic instrument 水力学仪器hydrophone 水听器inclinometer casing 测斜管interface joint meter 界面变位计inverted plumb line 倒垂线micro piezometer 微压计multiple position extensometer 多点位移计observation point 观测标点observation well 观测井optical alignment line 视准线plate strain meter 钢板计pneumatic piezometer 气压式渗压计pressure fluctuation meter 脉动压力计prestressed tendon anchorage dynamometer 预应力锚索测力计rock bolt extensometer 锚杆测力计single point extensometer 单点位移计spiral sensor 测扭仪standpipe 测压管strong-motion seismogragh 强震仪surface monument 表面标点temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal house 终端房terminal station 终端站tilt meter 倾角计time average pressure cell 时均压力计total pressure cell 总压力盒velometer 流速计vertical inclinometer 垂直测斜仪vibrating wire piezometer 震旋式渗压计vibrating wire settlement sensor 振旋式沉降仪weir with micro piezometer 带微压计的量水堰working base point 工作基点zero stress-strain meter 砼无应力计附件及配件（Acessories and Spare Parts）coil 盘绕component 零部件coordinator 坐标仪damping box 阻尼角differential resistance 差动电阻double layer rubber sleeve 双层保护forced centering plate 强制对中盘instrument lead 仪器电缆invar wire 铟瓦丝metal ring 金属环plumb coordinate meter 垂线坐标仪pulley 滑轮regulator 调节器riser 立管sensor 传感器spool 绕轴steel socket 钢底座tablet 药片tensioning weight 张拉重锤thermistor 热敏电阻tip 测头安装过程（Procession of Installation）assemble 组装couple 连接embed 埋设install 安装insulate 绝缘maintenance 维护monitor 监测protection of instrumentation 仪器保护reduce 归纳seal 密封splice 拼接supply 提供test 测试资料（Information）assemble schematic 装配简图certificate 合格证书description 使用说明书maintenace guideline 维护指南manual 说明书operating principle 工作原理operating restraint 操作范围procedure 程序trouble shooting procedure 鼓掌分析程序其他（Others）annular space 环行空间data acquisition 数据采集data recording 数据记录leas drilling hole 引线孔permanent record 永久记录readout device 读数设备saturated 饱和的seepage isolation dike 截渗堤trapezoidal 梯形◆水工常规试验砼原材料试验（Test of Raw and Processed Material of Concrete）骨料（Aggregate）abrasion volume by Los Angeles rattler洛杉机磨耗量accumulated retained percentage 累计筛余百分率acicular and flaky grain in aggregate 针状与片状颗粒含量alkali-aggregate reaction 碱骨料反应apparent density 视密度bulk density (unity weight) 容重clay lumps and friable particles in aggregate 黏土块及易碎颗粒含量coefficient of softening 软化系数crush index 压碎指标dry state 干燥状态exceeding and inferior grain inaggregate 超逊径颗粒含量fineness modulus 细度模数gaping place rate 空隙率grader retained percentage 分计筛余百分率grain composition 颗粒级配grain size 粒径lightweight matter in aggregate 轻物质含量mica content 云母含量moisture content(water rate) 含水率mud content 含泥量organic content 有机质含量potential reactivity of aggregate 骨料潜在活性saturation 饱和的sieving curve 筛分曲线soft grain in aggregate 软弱骨料含量soundness 坚固性surface moisture content 表面含水率water-soluble sulphide 水溶性硫化物水硬性胶凝材料(Hydraulicity cementitious material)age 龄期cement mark(strength of cement /cement grade) 水泥标号consumptive use of water normal consistance 标准稠度用水量degree of mobilization 流动性dissolution heat ( solution heat ) 溶解热final set 终凝flexural strength 抗弯强度flyash 粉煤灰hydration heat 水化热initial set 初凝loss on ignition(ignition loss) 烧矢量setting time 凝结时间silica fume 硅粉soundness 水泥的安定性specific surface area 比表面积specific heat 比热water demand ratio 吸水量比外加剂（Admixture）bubble stability 泡沫稳定性bubbling ability 起泡能力chloride content 氯化物含量compressive strength rate 抗压强度比contract with dry rate 干缩率dispersing coefficient 分散系数dispersing ability of water-reducing agent 减水剂分散能力loss of slump 塌落度损失sulphate content 硫酸盐含量solid content 固体含量surface tension 表面张力water-reducing rate 减水率水（Water）alkalinity 碱度calcion 钙离子carbonic acid 钙酸chlorion 氯离子equivalent concentration 当量浓度oxygen consumption 耗氧量normal solution (standardsolution) 标准溶液PH value PH值water analysis 水值分析砼（Concrete）砼拌和物（Mixture）assurance strength of concrete 砼保证强度bleeding rate 泌水率cement-sand ration 灰砂比design strength of concrete 砼设计标号flowability of concrete 砼的流动性mix proportion (proportion of mixture) 砼配合比mixture uniformity 拌和物的均匀性penetration-obstruction method 贯入阻力法probability of ensuring strength of concrete 砼强度保证率sand rate 砂率unit consumption of water 单位用水量water retention (water retentiveness) 保水性water-cement ratio 水灰比硬化砼（Hardened concrete）axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度coefficient of thermal conductivity 导热系数cooling rate 冷却率core of concrete 砼芯样creep deformation (time deformation ) 徐变变形form coefficient(form factor) 形状系数freezing -melting circulation 冻融循环frost-resistance mark 抗冻标号heat property of concrete 砼热学性能height-diameter ration 高径比linear expansion coefficient 线膨胀系数loss of weight 重量损失natural frequency 自振频率permeate 渗透permeated height 渗透高度permeated-resisting mark 抗渗标号relative coefficient of permeability 相对渗透系数resonance frequency 共振频率sample 试件self-grown volume deformation（砼）自生体积变形splitting tensile strength 劈裂抗拉强度static compressive modulus of elasticity 静力抗压弹数temperature conductivity 导温系数tensile modulus of elasticity 抗拉弹性模量thermal insulation warming 绝热温升ultimate tensile strain 极限拉应变ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度wear rate 磨损率wear-resisting strength 抗冲磨强度砂浆（Cement）cement lime mortar 水泥石灰砂浆cement mortar 水泥砂浆cement-clay mortar 水泥黏土砂浆epoxy mortar 环氧砂浆lime mortar 石灰砂浆plastering mortar 抹面砂浆pointing joint mortar 勾缝砂浆土（Soil）accumulation curve (cumulative curve) 累计曲线activity index 活性指标angle of friction 摩擦角Atterberg limits(water content as limit) 阿太堡界限（界限含水量）California bearing ratio 载重比coarse-grained soil 粗粒土coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数coefficient of cubicalcompressibility 体积压缩系数coefficient of curvature 曲率系数compression 压缩compression index 压缩指数compression modulus 压缩模数consolidated-undrained (quick) shear test 固结不排水剪（固结快剪）试验consolidated-drained (slow) shear test 固结不排水剪（慢剪）试验consolidation 固结consolidation coefficient 固结系数consolidation settlement 固结沉降consolidation stress 固结应力continuous grading/gradation 连接级配contraction test(shrinkage test) 收缩试验core cutter method 环刀法creep curve 蠕变曲线critical slope 逸出坡降（临界坡降）Darcy's law 达西定律degree of consolidation 固结度degree of free swelling 自由膨胀率direct shear test 直接剪切试验direct shear test of reiteration 反复直剪强度试验distribution curve 分布曲线drift soil (shifting soil/mass flow) 流土effective angle of inner friction 有效内摩擦角effective strength envelope 有效强度包线expansion force 膨胀力expansion ration(specific expansion) 膨胀率filtering flow(seepage flow) 渗流fine-grained soil 细粒土flow net(drift net) 流网hydraulic slope 水力坡降hydrometer method 比重计法hydrostatic head method 常水头法limit equilibrium state 极限平衡状态liquefaction 液化liquid limit 液限liquidity index 液化指标maximum dry density 最大干密度method of sieving 筛分法Mohr's stress circle 莫力应力圆Mohr-coulomb failure criteria 莫尔-库伦破坏准则normal stress 法向应力（正应力）oedometer curve 压缩曲线optimum moisture content 最优含水量piping 管涌plastic limit 塑限plasticity index 塑性指标pore water pressure 空隙水压力porosity 空隙率principal stress 主应力Proctor compaction test 普氏击实试验relative density 相对密度sand replacement method 灌砂法saturability (saturation degree/percent saturation) 饱和度saturated unit weight 饱和容重seepage deformation 渗透变形seepage force(seepage pressure) 渗透力seepage line 渗透线seepage speed 渗透速度shear stress 切向应力（剪应力）shrinkage limit 缩限skip(gap/jump) grading 间断级配specific gravity of soil particle 土粒比重steady seepage field 稳定渗流场stress path 应力路径total strength envelope 总强度包线triaxial compression test 三轴压缩试验unconfined compression strength 无侧限抗压强度unconsolidated undrained test 不固结不排水剪（快剪）试验variable head method 变水头法void(pore) ratio 孔隙比water replacement method 灌水法wet density 湿密度其它建筑材料钢筋（steel ）bending and unbending 反复弯曲cold bending test 冷弯试验elongation test 拉伸试验nominal diameter 公称直径ratio of elongation 伸长率relaxation test 松弛试验steel strand 钢绞线tensile yield strength 拉伸屈服强度ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度木材（Wood）curshing strength paralled to the grain 顺纹抗压强度tensile strength paralled to thegrain 顺纹抗拉强度crushing strength across th egrain 横纹抗压强度tensile strength across to thegrain 横纹抗拉强度沥青（Asphalt）brittle temperature test 脆化点试验expansion test 延伸度试验penetration test 针入式试验softening point test 软化点试验test of aging 老化试验viscosity test 粘滞性试验质量管理（Quality Management）average 平均值deviation standard(error of mean squares) 均方差deviation coefficient(dispersion coefficient) 离差系数index of correlation 相关系数management limit 管理界限mathematic statistics 数理统计maximum 最大值minimum 最小值normal distribution 正态分布quality assurance 质量保证quality examination 质量检测regression curve 回归曲线/*relative dampness 相对湿度sample capacity 样本容量sampling frequency 取样频率specimen 样品statistical analysis 统计分析technical specification 技术规范technical standard 技术标准testing circumstance 试验环境testing error 试验误差testing regulation 试验规程variance analysis 方差分析◆地质(Geology)地质年代（Geochronology of Geologic Ages）Archaeozoic era (erathem) 太古代（界）Proterozoic era (erathem) 元古代（界）Palaeozoic era (erathem) 古生代（界）Mesozoic era (erathem) 中生代（界）Cenozoic era (erathem) 新生代（界）Sinian period (system) 震旦纪（系）Cambrian period (system) 寒武纪（系）Ordovician period (system) 奥陶纪（系）Silurian period (system) 志留纪（系）Devonian period (system) 泥盘纪（系）Carboniferous period (system) 石碳纪（系）Permian period (system) 二叠纪（系）Triassic period (system) 三叠纪（系）Jurassic period (system) 侏罗纪（系）Cretaceous period (system) 白垩纪（系）Tertiary period (system) 第三纪（系）Quaternary period (system) 第四纪（系）地质构造（Geologic Structural）fault 断层normal fault 正断层reversed fault 逆断层parallel fault 平移断层gouge 断层泥stria 擦痕joint 节理primary joint 原生节理secondary joint 次生节理tension joint 张节理unloading joint 卸荷节理schistosity 片理bedding 层理foliation 板理（叶理）ripple mark 波痕mud crack 泥痕rain print 雨痕orientation of bedrock 岩层产状strike 走向dip 倾向angle of dip (dip angle ) 倾角fold 褶皱anticline 背斜syncline 向斜Monocline (homocline) 单斜dome 穹隆soft stratum 软弱岩层zone of fracture(broken zone ) 破碎带affected zone 影响带platy structure 板状构造cleavage 解理fracture(rupture) 断裂fissure(crack/fracture) 裂隙岩石类型（Rock type）petrology 岩石学igneous rock 火成岩magmatic rock 岩浆岩lava(vocanic rock) 火山岩intrusive (invade) rock 侵入岩effusive rock 深成岩pypabussal rock 浅成岩acid rock 酸性岩inter-mediate rock 中性岩basic rock 基性岩ultrabasic rock 超基性岩granite 花岗岩porphyry 斑岩rhyolite 玢岩syenite 流纹岩trachyte 粗面岩diorite 闪长岩andesite 安山岩gabbro 辉长岩basalt 玄武岩aplite 细晶岩pegmatite 伟晶岩lamprophyre 煌斑岩diabase 辉绿岩dunite 橄榄岩pumice 浮岩sedimentary rock 沉积岩clastic rock 碎屑岩/*clay rock 黏土岩chemical rock 化学岩biolith 生物岩conglomerate 砾岩siltstone 粉砂岩mudstone 泥岩shale 页岩saline rock 盐岩limestone 石灰岩dolomite 白云岩marl 泥灰岩volcanic breccia 火山角砾岩volcanic agglomerate 火山块集岩tuff 凝灰岩metamorphic rock 变质岩slate 板岩phyllite 千枚岩schist 片岩gneiss 片麻岩quartzite 石英岩marble 大理岩mylonite 糜棱岩migmatite 混合岩cataclasite 碎裂岩sediment(deposit) 沉积物（层）boulder 漂石、顽石cobble 卵石gravel 砾石sand 砂siltstone 粉土clay 黏土sandy clay 砂质黏土clayey sand 粘质砂土sandy loam 壤土、亚黏土regolith ( topsoil ) 浮土、表土loess 黄土laterite 红土peat 泥炭ooze 软泥、海泥造岩矿物（Rock-forming Minerals）talc 滑石gypsum 石膏calcite 方解石fluorite 萤石apatite 磷灰石feldspar 长石quartz 石英topaz 黄玉corundum 刚玉diamand 金刚石orthoclase 正长石plagloclase 斜长石biotite 黑云母muscovite 白云母amphibole 角闪石phroxene 辉石olivine 橄榄石dolomite 白云石kaolinite 高岭石montmorillonite 蒙脱石bentonite 斑脱石、膨润土illite 伊力石garnet 石榴子石chlorite 绿泥石serpentine 蛇纹石pyrite 黄铁矿hematite 赤铁矿magnetite 磁铁矿limonite 褐铁矿工程地质（Engineering Geology）G eotechnics ( geotechnique) 土工学（土工技术、岩石工程）rock mechanics 岩石力学soil mechanics 土力学geomechanics 地质力学、岩石力学engineering geologicalconditons 工程地质条件engineering geological problem 工程地质问题rock mass structure 岩体结构geographic and geomorphic conditions 地形地貌条件geophysical phenomenon 物理地质现象hydrogeological conditions 水文地质条件natural materials 天然材料reservoir 水库settlement 沉降displacement 位移deformation 变形tectonic stress 构造应力residual stress 残余应力angle of internal friction 内摩擦角cohesion 内聚力（粘聚力、凝聚力）pressure tunnel 压力隧洞/*underground cavern/cavity 地下洞室overburden 覆盖物bed rock(base rock/foundation rock) 基岩firm/sound rock 坚硬岩石weak/soft rock 软弱岩石interbed 夹层zone of fracture (broken zones ) 破碎带homogeneity 均质性nonhomogeneity/heterogeneity 非均质性isotropy 各向同性anisotropy 各向异性矿物质的物理性质(Physical Character of Minerals)hardness 硬度luster 光泽color 颜色transparencey/pellucidity 透明度streak 条痕rent/fracture 断口crystal form 晶形岩石学(Petrology)classification 分类structure 构造应力texture 结构fabric 组构mineral composition 矿物组成crystalline 结晶质amorphous substance 非晶质fossil 化石degree of rounding 磨圆度degree of grains 粒度地层地貌(Stratum andPhysiognomy) basin 盆地river valley 河谷river bed 河床topography 地形terrain 地势attitude 产状rock base ( batholite) 岩基rock stock 岩株rock flow 岩流rock loccolith 岩盖rock lopolith 岩盆rock dike 岩墙rock sill 岩床vein dyke 岩脉sediment(deposit) 沉积物（层）alluvium 冲积物（层）proluvium(diluvium) 洪积物（层）deluvium 坡积物（层）eluvium 残积物（层）eolian deposit 风积物（层）lake deposit 湖积物（层）marine deposit 海积物（层）glacial (drift) deposit 冰川沉积物（层）colluvial deposit (colluvium) 崩积物（层）cross-bedding 交错层geologic structure 地质构造geotectonics 大地构造学graben 地堑horst 地垒cordance(conformity) 整合discordance(unconformity) 非整合deceptive cordance /conformity 假整合地质作用(Physical Geology Action) weathering 风化erosion 侵蚀transportation 搬运deposition/sediment 沉积denudation 剥蚀corrasion 磨蚀corrosion 腐蚀dissolution 溶蚀landslide 滑坡collapse(rock fall) 崩塌mud flow 泥石流earthquake 地震intensity 烈度magnitude 震级◆水文(Hydrology)ground water(subsurface water) 地下水surface water 地表水atmospheric water 大气水runoff 径流fresh /plain /sweet water 淡水river flow/discharge 河水流量peak flood flow 洪峰流量flood out flow 洪水下泄流量dry season 枯水季wet season 丰水季flood (raining) season 汛期non-flood season 非汛期5% frequency flood 20 年一遇洪水flood control 防汛/*（二）工程施工.机电类◆金属结构（Hydromechanical work) 闸门(Gate)service gate 工作门emergency gate 事故门maintenance gate 检修门sector gate 弧形闸门eccentric hinge sector gate 偏心铰闸门plane gate 平面闸门fixed wheel plane gate 定轮平面闸门trashrack 拦污栅trash rake 清污机预埋件（Embedded Parts）sill 底砍main guide 主轨auxiliary guide 副轨reverse guide 反轨side guide 侧轨lintel 门楣steel liner 钢衬high pressure water pipe 高压冲水管pressure balance water pipe 冲水水平管组件/部件（Assembly/parts）gate leaf 门叶crank 拐臂arm 支撑seal 水封main seal 主水封side seal 侧水封top seal 顶水封bottom seal 底水封auxiliary seal 辅助水封、节流器clip plate 压板slide block 滑块side slide block 侧向滑块reverse slide block 反向滑块fixed wheel 定轮main wheel 主轮side wheel 侧轮ballast 配重lifting ear 吊耳lifting link 拉杆trunion 支饺hinge 铰链hinged support 饺座hinged shaft 铰轴cover 端盖trunion beam 支饺梁dogging beam 锁定梁启闭机（Hoist）wire rope hoist 固定卷扬式启闭机hydraulic hoist 液压启闭机monorail hoist 单轨启闭机overhead crane 桥机bridge crane 桥机support frame 机架reducer 减速器motor 电动机pulley 滑轮live pulley 动滑轮fixed pulley 定滑轮equalizer pulley 平衡滑轮drum 卷筒steel wire rope 钢丝绳position sensor 高度传感器load sensor 荷载传感器brake 制动器hydraulic system 液压系统oil cylinder 油缸piston rod 活塞杆pump station 泵站oil tank 邮箱pipe 管道filter 过滤器accumulator 蓄能器valve 阀logic valve 逻辑阀check valve 单向阀ball valve 球阀cartridge valve 插装阀solenoid operated directional valve 电磁换向阀门式起重机（Grantry Crane）rail 轨道lifting mechanism 起升机构traveling mechanism 运行机构inspection trolley 检修小车gantry 门架support column 门腿primary beam 主梁bridge beam 横梁cross beam 端梁side beam 边梁lifting beam 起吊梁/*hook 吊狗buffer 缓冲装置rail clamping device 夹轨器driving wheel 主动轮driven wheel 从动轮其他（Others）abnormal vibration 反常震动activate 激活anti-clockwise 逆时针anticorrosion 防腐carry on 继续进行carry out 执行clockwise顺时针commissioning 试运行concentricity deviation 同心度偏差connect 连接debris 碎片de-energize 断电detect 探测dry test 无水试验dynamic loading test 动载试验energize 给……加电erection 架立expansion 伸展fasten 扣紧fit 安装flowing water 动水gate closure 闭门gate opening 启门gate position restoration 门位恢复idle test 空载试验impact 碰撞in pressure balance condition 平压条件下lift……into position 将……起吊到位locate 定位lower 降下manual operation 手动操作noise 噪声note 记录operating gap 运作空隙pack 衬垫particle 微粒perform 执行position accurately 精确定位precise 精确的pre-set 预留/预置press button 按下按钮progressively 逐渐地purity 纯度push 推reliable 可靠的residual oil 余油retraction 回缩run 运行secure 保护separately or simultaneously 单独/同时地set up 架设setting 设置/读数shim 薄垫片slack 松弛static loading test 静载试验still water 静水switch off 切断synchronize 同步tighten 拧紧under water head condition 水压作用条件下wet test 有水试验◆焊接和无损检验（Welding and Nondestructive Testing）焊接{Welding）arc strike 引弧/弧伤arc welding 电弧焊automatic welding 自动焊back gouging 背面清根backing 垫板base metal 母材build-up welding 堆焊/补焊butt joint 对接接头carbon rode 碳棒complete fusion 完全融合corner joint 角接接头covered electrode 涂料焊条coupon 试件direct current electrodenegative(DCEN) 直流电极接负direct current electrodepositive(DCEP) 直流电极接正double welding 双面焊double-bevel groove weld 双斜边坡口焊缝double-J groove weld 双面J 型坡口焊缝double-U groove weld 双面U型坡口焊缝double-Vee groove weld 双面V 型坡口焊缝electrode 焊条/电极electrode holder 焊钳/*electrosgas welding 电气焊electroslag welding 电渣焊filler metal 填充金属fillet weld 角焊缝full fillet weld 大填角焊缝flat welding 平焊flux 焊剂flux cored arc welding 药芯焊丝弧焊forehand welding 左焊法friction welding 摩擦焊full penetration weld 全融透焊缝fusion 熔合fusion line 熔合线groove weld 坡口焊缝heat affecter zone 热影响区horizontal welding 横焊lap joint 搭接接头machine welding 机器焊manual welding 手工焊overhead welding 仰焊oxyfuel gas cutting(OFC) 氧燃料气割oxyfuel gas welding(OFW) 氧燃料气焊partial penetration weld 非全融透焊缝pass 焊道peening 锤击plasma arc welding 等离子弧焊plug weld 塞焊porosity 气孔postheating 后热postweld heat treatment 焊后热处理preheating 预热resistance welding 电阻焊seal weld 密封焊缝seam welding 缝焊semi-automatic welding 半自动焊single-bevel groove weld 单斜边坡口焊缝single-J groove weld 单面J 型坡口焊缝single-U groove weld 单面U型坡口焊缝single-Vee groove weld 单面V型坡口焊缝slag inclusion 夹渣spot welding 点焊square groove weld 直坡口焊缝submerged arc welding 埋弧焊tack welding 定位焊undercut 咬边vertical welding 立焊weld head 焊道weldment 焊件无损检验（Nondestructive Testing）angled beam 斜射波back scatter 背散射calibration block 校准试块cleaning agent 清洗剂contact beam 接触波couplaut 偶合剂crimp 褶皱definition 清晰度delayed sweep 延时扫描detergent 去污剂developer 显像剂double-wall viewing 双壁透照echo 回波eddy current examination 涡流检验emulsifier 乳化剂examination medium 检验介质exposure 暴光inage quality indicator 象质显示器inspector 检验师liquid penetrants testing 渗液检验magnetic particle testing 磁粉检验mass spectrometer 质普仪nondestructive inspection 无损探伤penetrameter 透度计penetrant 渗透剂radiographic testing 射线检验scan 扫描scratch 划痕search unit 探头single-wall viewing 单壁透照sniffer 嗅探器straight beam 直射波streak 条纹ultrasonic instrument 超声仪ultrasonic testing 超声波检验visual testing 目测、外观检验wheel search unit 轮式探头X-ray machine X-射线仪◆水轮机（Hydraulic Turbine）hydraulic turbine 水轮机reaction turbine 反击式水轮机impulse turbine 冲击式水轮机francis turbine 混流式水轮机axial turbine 轴流式水轮机prototype turbine 原型水轮机/*rated head 额定水头effective head 有效水头net head 净水头maximal head 最大水头minimal head 最小水头spiral case 蜗壳stay ring 座环wicket gate 导叶main shaft 主轴shaft seal 主轴密封coupling flange 连接法兰runner 转轮runner crown 转轮上冠runner band 转轮下环runner cone 转轮泄水锥runner blade/bucket 转轮叶片head cover 顶盖bottom ring 底环discharge ring 基础环draft tube 尾水管draft tube cone 尾水锥管draft tube elbow 尾水肘管governor 调速器governor cubicle/cabinet 调速器柜oil pressure tank/vessel 压力油罐oil sump tank 回油箱gate ring 控制环distributor 导水机构shear pin 剪断销ring gate 筒形阀servomotor 接力器efficiency 效率output 出力discharge 流量sir admission system 补气系统vortex 涡流检验special tool 专用工具auxiliary equipment 辅助设备damper/absorber/cushion 减震器、阴尼器runout 摆度water hammer 水击guide bearing 导轴承operation condition 运行工况opening 开度cavitation 空蚀erosion resistant coating 抗磨涂层load 负荷inertia 惯性flywheel effect 飞轮效应time constant 时间常数mandoor 进入门pit liner 机坑里衬elastic layer 弹性垫层turbine pit 机坑feedback 反馈main distributing valve 主配压阀solenoid 线圈relay 继电器transfer function 传递函数◆机械通用词汇abrasion performance 耐磨性abrasion test 磨耗试验accessory 附件、配件、零件accuracy 准确性、精度anti-corrosion 抗蚀balance test 平衡试验bearing 轴承bearing box 轴承箱bearing bush 轴瓦、轴套bearing carrier 轴承座bearing collar 轴承环、推力头bearing cover 轴承盖bearing journal 轴颈bend 弯头bend radius 弯曲半径bending strength 抗弯强度bolt 螺栓bore 钻孔bore machine 镗床brake valve 制动阀by-pass 旁通callipers 卡尺cardan shaft 万向轴cast 铸造characteristic test 特性试验chock 楔子、垫块clamp 卡头、夹板clearing of fault 故障排除clip 夹具、钳coat 涂层correction value 矫正值cottor pin 开口销coupling flange 联结法兰damping device 缓冲装置/*deflection 挠度density 密度derusting 除锈descale 除垢deviation 偏差dial 刻度盘dial gauge 千分尺distort 变形dowel pin (setpin) 定位销eccentric cam 偏心凸轮eccentric pin 偏心销eccentricity 偏心、偏心率、偏心度elastic bearing 弹性轴承elastic deformation 弹性变形elastic limit 弹性极限facility 设备、设施factory assembly 工厂装配fashioned iron 型钢feed pipe 供水管female end 内止口field welding 现场焊缝finish 表面光洁度、精加工fitting allowance 装配公差fitting assembling 零件装配fitting face 配合面flange 法兰flatness 平整度flaw 缺陷flexibility 挠性、柔性forge 锻造foundation 基础friction 摩擦gauge 规、计、表gear 齿轮globe valve 球阀grade 等级hardness 硬度heat treatment 热处理interface 分界面、接触面、接口joint接头、接缝、连接、焊接joint face 结合面、接缝面lubricant 润滑剂、润滑材料lubrication circuit 润滑管道lubrication oil 润滑油machine 机加工machine tool 机床male end 外止口monkey wrench 活动扳手nail 钉子nipple 管接头nut 螺母o-ring O 形环operating condition 运行情况pretreatment 预处理process 流程、工艺screw cap 螺帽spigot 套管、止口stroke 行程valve 阀门verticality 垂直度washer 垫圈wedge 楔子板◆电气设备及元器件（Electrical Equipment & Element Parts）generator 发电机motor 电动机3-phase squirrel-cage asynchronous motor三相鼠笼式电动机3-phase wind asynchronous 三相绕线式电动机motor armature 电枢brush 电刷coil 线圈、绕组energizing coil 励磁线圈stator 定子stator core 定子铁芯stator winding 定子绕组rotator 转子transformer 变压器isolating transformer 隔离变压器mutual inductor 互感器current transformer(CT) 电流互感器potential transformer(PT) 电压互感器high-voltage equipment 高压电器breaker 断路器isolating switch 隔离开关bushing 套管insulator 绝缘子suspended insulator 悬式绝缘子column-type insulator 支柱绝缘子reactor 电抗器capacitor 电容器lightning rod 避雷针（器）low-voltage electric appliance 低压电器。

施工总平面布置Construction general layout 施工组织Construction Programming施工组织设计construction planning施工坐标系（建筑坐标系）constructioncoordinate system湿化变形soaking deformation湿润比percentage of wetted area湿润灌溉wetting irrigation湿室型泵房wet-pit type pump house湿陷变形系数soaking deformation coefficient湿陷起始压力initial collapse pressure湿陷系数(湿陷变形系数) coefficient of collapsibility湿周wetted perimeter十字板剪切试验vane shear test石袋honeycomb时均流速time average velocity时均能量time average energy时效硬化(老化) age hardening (ageing)时针式喷灌系统(中心支轴自走式系统) central pivot sprinkler system实测放大图surveyed amplification map实腹柱solid column实际材料图primitive data map实时接线分析real time connection analysis 实时控制real-time control实时数据和实时信息real time data and real time information实体坝solid dike实体重力坝solid gravity dam实物工程量real work quantity实验站experimental station实用堰practical weir示流信号器liquid-flow annunciator示坡线slope indication line示误三角形error triangle示踪模型tracer model事故failure (accident)事故备用容量reserve capacity for accident 事故低油压tripping lower oil pressure事故音响信号emergency signal(alarmsignal)事故运行方式accident operation mode 事故闸门emergency gate事故照明accident lighting事故照明切换屏accident lighting change-over panel势波potential wave势流potential flow势能potential energy势涡(自由涡) potential vortex视差parallax视差法测距（基线横尺视差法）subtensemethod with horizontal staff视差角parallactic angle视准线法collimation line method视准轴（照准轴）coolimation axis试验处理treatment of experiment试验端子test terminal试验项目Testing item试验小区experimental block试运行test run试运行test run收敛测量convergence measurement收敛约束法convergence-confinementmethod收缩断面vena-contracta收缩缝(温度缝) contraction joint (temperature joint)收缩水深contracted depth手动[自动]复归manual [automatic] reset手动[自动]准同期manual [automatic] precise synchronization手动调节manual regulation手动控制manual control手动运行manual operation手工电弧焊manual arc welding首曲线（基本等高线）standard contour首子午线（本初子午线，起始子午线）prime meridian受油器oil head枢纽布置layout of hydroproject疏浚dredging输电系统transmission system输电线transmission line输入功率试验input test输沙量sediment runoff输沙率sediment discharge输水钢管steel pipe for water conveyance输水沟conveyance ditch输水建筑物water conveyance structure输水渠道water conveyance canal鼠道mole drains鼠道犁mole plough鼠笼型感应电动机squirrel cage induction motor竖井定向测量shaft orientation survey竖井贯流式水轮机pit turbine竖井联系测量shaft connection survey竖井排水drainage well竖井式进水口shaf tintake竖轴弧形闸门radial gate with vertic alaxes 数字地面模型digital terrain model（DTM）数字化测图digitized mapping数字通信digital communication数字图像处理digital image processing数字仪表digital instrument甩负荷load dump (load rejection,load shutdown)甩负荷试验load-rejection test (load-shutdowntest)双层布置double storey layout双调节调速器dual-regulation governor双扉闸门double-leaf gate双回线double-circuit line双击式水轮机cross flow turbine,Banki turbine双极高压直流系统bipolar HVDC system双金属标bimetal bench mark双列布置double row layout双母线接线double-bus connection双曲拱坝double curvature arch dam双曲拱渡槽double curvature arch aqueduct 双室式调压室double-chamber surge shaft双吸式离心泵double-suction pump双向挡水人字闸门bidirectional retaining mitre gate水泵[水泵水轮机的水泵工况]的反向最大稳态飞逸转速steady state reverse runaway speed of pump水泵比转速specific speed of pump 水泵并联扬程曲线head curve of parallelpumping system水泵参数与特性Parameters and characteristics of pump水泵串联扬程曲线head curve of series pumping system水泵的最大[最小]输入功率maximum[minimum] input power of pump水泵电动机机组Motor-pump unit水泵反常运行pump abnormal operating水泵工况(抽水工况) pump operation水泵工作点(水泵工况点) pump operatingpoint水泵供水water feed by pump水泵机械效率mechanical efficiency of pump水泵机组pump unit水泵类型Classification of pumps水泵零部件Components of pumps水泵流量pump discharge水泵容积效率volumetric efficiency of pump水泵输出功率output power of pump水泵输入功率(水泵轴功率) input powerof pump水泵水力效率hydraulic efficiency of pump水泵水轮机Pump-turbine水泵无流量输入功率no-discharge power ofpump水泵效率pump efficiency水泵扬程(水泵总扬程) total head of pump水泵站Pumping Station水泵装置pump system水锤(水击) water hammer水锤泵站hydrauli cram pump station水锤波(水击波) wave of water hammer水锤波波速wave velocity of water hammer水电站Hydroelectric Station水电站(水力发电站) Hydroelectric station(hydroelectric power station)水电站保证出力firm power, firm output水电站厂房(发电厂房) power house水电站厂房的类型Types of power house ofhydroelectric station水电站出力power output of hydropowerstation水电站出力和发电量Power and energyoutput of hydropower station水电站的水头、流量、水位Waterhead, discharge, water lever of hydropower station 水电站发电成本generation cost of hydropower station水电站发电量energy output of hydropower station水电站建筑物hydroelectric station structure 水电站经济指标Economie index of hydropower station水电站类型Types of hydroelectric station水电站引用流量quotative discharge of hydropower station水电站装机容量installed capacity of hydropower station水电站自动化automation of hydroelectric station水跌hydraulic drop水动力学Hydrodynamics水斗bucket水斗式水轮机(贝尔顿式水轮机) pelton turbine水工建筑物hydraulic structure水工建筑物的类别及荷载Classification and load of hydraulic structures水工建筑物级别grade of hydraulic structure水工金属结构及安装Metal Structures and Their Installation水工隧洞hydraulic tunnel水工隧洞Hydraulic tunnels水工隧洞构造Components of hydraulic tunnel水工隧洞类型Classification of hydraulic tunnels水管冷却pipe cooling水柜water pool水环真空泵liquid ring pump水灰比water-cement ratio水窖(旱井) water callar(dry wall)水静力学Hydrostatics水库并联运用operation of parallel-connected resertvoir 水库测量reservoir survey水库串联运用operation of serial-connectedreservoirs水库调度reservoir operation水库调度图graph of reservoir operation水库回水变动区fluctuating back water zone of reservoir水库浸没reservoir immersion水库控制缓洪controlled flood retarding水库库底清理cleaning of reservoir zone水库泥沙Reservoir sediment水库泥沙防治Prevention of sediment水库年限ultimate life of reservoir水库渗漏reservoir leakage水库水文测验reservoir hydrometry水库塌岸bank ruin of reservoir水库特征库容Characteristic capacity ofreservoir水库特征水位Characteristic level of reservoir水库泄空排沙sediment releasing by emptying reservoir水库蓄清排浑clear water impounding and muddy flow releasing水库淹没补偿compensation for reservoir inundation水库淹没处理Treatment of reservoirinundation水库淹没处理范围treatment zone of reservoir inundation水库淹没界线测量reservoir inundation line survey水库淹没区zone of reservoir inundation水库淹没实物指标material index of reservoir inundation水库异重流density current in reservoir水库异重流排沙sediment releasing bydensity current水库诱发地震reservoir induced earthquake水库淤积Sediment deposition in reservoir水库淤积测量reservoir accretion survey水库淤积极限limit state of sedimentdeposition in reservoir水库淤积平衡比降equilibrium slope ofsediment deposition in reservoir水库淤积上延(翘尾巴) upward extensionof reservoir deposition水库淤积纵剖面longitudinal profile of deposit in reservoir水库滞洪排沙flood retarding and sediment releasing水库自然滞洪free flood retarding水冷式空压机water-cooled compressor水力半径hydraulic radius水力冲填hydraulic excavation and filling水力冲填坝hydraulic fill dam水力冲洗式沉沙池hydraulic flushing sedimentation basin水力粗糙度hydraulic roughness水力粗糙区hydraulic roughness region水力共振hydraulic resonance水力光滑区hydraulic smooth水力机械Hydraulic Machinery水力机械与电气设备HYDRAULIC MACHINERY AND ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT水力机组hydropower unit水力机组测试Measurement and test for hydropower unit水力机组的安装和试运行Installation and starting operation of hydropower unit水力机组调节系统Regulating system of hydropower unit水力机组辅助系统Auxiliary system for hydropower unit水力开挖hydraulic excavation水力坡降(水力比降) hydraulic slope (energy gradient)水力破裂法(水力致裂法) hydro fracturing method水力侵蚀(水蚀) water erosion水力学Hydraulics水力要素(水力参数) hydraulic elements水力指数hydraulic exponent水力自动闸门hydraulic operating gate水力最优断面optimal hydraulic crosssection水利工程经营管理management and administration of water project水利计算Computation of water conservancy 水利区划zoning of water conservancy水利枢纽hydroproject水利水电工程等别rank of hydroproject水利水电工程规划PLANNING OF HYDROENGINEERING水利水电工程技术术语标准Standard of Technical Terms on Hydroengineering水工建筑物专业英语词汇岸墙land wall坝顶dam crest，dam top坝踵dam heel坝趾dam toe板桩sheet pile边墩side pier，land pier变形模量deformation modulus鼻坎bucket lip毕肖普法Bishop method冰压力ice pressure剥离desquamation侧槽式溢洪道side channel Spillway沉降settlement齿墙cut-off trench冲沙闸（排沙闸）silt-releasing Sluice纯拱法independent arch method刺墙key-wall大头坝massive-head buttress dam *buttress 是扶壁的意思单宽流量discharge per unit width单曲拱坝single-curvature arch dam挡潮闸tidal sluice导流隧洞river diversion tunnel倒悬度Overhang degree底流消能energy dissipation by underflow地震作用earthquake action垫座cushion abutment动水压力hydrodynamic pressure断层fault堆石坝rock-fill dam多拱梁法multi-arch beam method阀门valve gate防浪墙wave wall防渗铺盖impervious blanket非常溢洪道emergency spillway分洪闸flood diversion sluice副坝auxiliary dam刚体极限平衡法limit equilibrium method for rigid block拱坝arch dam拱冠梁crown cantilever拱冠粱法crown cantilever method工作桥service bridge固结灌浆consolidation grouting灌溉隧洞irrigation tunnel灌浆帷幕grout curtain管涌piping海漫apron extension横缝transverse joint虹吸式溢洪道siphon spillway蝴蝶阀butterfly valve护坡slope protection护坦apron弧形闸门radial gate滑雪道式溢洪道ski-jump spillway化学管涌chemical piping混凝土防渗墙concrete cut-off wall混凝土面板堆石坝concrete faced rock-fill dam基本断面primary section简化毕肖普法simplified Bishop method浆砌石拱坝stone masonry arch dam浆砌石重力坝stone masonry gravity dam交通桥traffic bridge接触冲刷contact scouring接触灌浆contact grouting接缝灌浆joint grouting截水槽cut-off trench节制闸check sluice进水口water inlet进水闸inlet sluice井式溢洪道shaft spillway静水压力hydrostatic pressure均质坝homogeneous earth dam抗滑稳定分析analysis of stability against sliding 抗滑稳定性stability against sliding空腹重力坝hollow gravity dam空化cavitation空蚀cavitation erosion空注阀hollow jet valve宽缝重力坝slotted gravity dam宽尾墩flaring pier廊道gallery浪压力wave force理论计算theoretical computation拦河闸river sluice沥青混凝土asphalt concrete连拱坝multiple-arch dam流土soil flow流网法flow net method锚杆anchor rod面板face slab面流消能energy dissipation by surface flow 模型试验model experiment泥沙压力silt pressure碾压混凝土坝Roller Compacted Concrete Dam牛腿Corbel排沙隧洞silt-releasing tunnel排水drainage排水闸outlet sluice喷混凝土sprayed concrete平板坝flat slab buttress dam平面闸门plane gate破碎带crushed zone铺盖blanket砌石护坡stone pitching人工材料面板坝artificial material faced dam人工材料心墙坝artificial material-core dam 溶洞solution cavern软基重力坝gravity dam on soft foundation 软弱夹层soft intercalated layer实用断面practical section试载法trial-load method双曲拱坝double-curvature arch dam水工建筑物hydraulic structure水工隧洞hydraulic tunnel，waterway tunnel 水力发电隧洞hydropower tunnel水利枢纽hydro-complex水力学方法hydraulics method水平施工缝horizontal joint水闸sluice弹性模量elastic modulus挑流消能energy dissipation by trajectory jet 土工膜geomembrane土石坝earth-rock dam土质斜墙坝earth dam with inclined soil wall 土质斜心墙坝earth dam with inclined soil core土质心墙坝earth dam with soil core帷幕灌浆curtain grouting温度荷载temperature load温度控制temperature control温度应力temperature stress温度作用temperature action无压隧洞free level tunnel消力池stilling pool消力戽roller bucket消能工energy dissipater泄洪隧洞spillway tunnel泄水建筑物discharge structure泄水孔outlet hole新奥法NA TM（New Austrian Tunneling Method）胸墙breast wall扬压力uplift溢洪道spillway水垫塘plunge pool溢流坝overflow dam、翼墙wing wall应力分析stress analysis优化设计optimization design有限单元法finite element method有压隧洞pressure tunnel闸墩pier闸门gate闸门槽gate slot正槽式溢洪道normal channel spillway整体式重力坝monolithic gravity dam趾板toe slab支墩坝buttress dam重力坝gravity dam 重力墩gravity abutment周边缝peripheral joint驻波standing wave锥形阀cone valve自由跌流free drop自重dead weight纵缝longitudinal joint键槽key strench伸缩缝contraction joint施工缝construction joint反弧段flip bucket拦污栅trash rack渐变段transition泄槽chute发电进水口power intake通气管air vent检修门bulkhead gate事故门emergency gate工作门service gate堰weir通气管air vent胸墙breast wall梁beam柱column回填混凝土backfill concrete 接地earth一期混凝土primary concrete 二期混凝土secondary concrete 叠梁门stoplog门机gantry crane止水waterstop钢筋reinforcement模板formwork围堰cofferdam马道bench；berm蜗壳volute水轮机turbine电站power house车间workshop发电机generator变电站transformer station副厂房auxiliary power house 安装间erection bay尾水闸门tail lock尾水渠tailrace引水渠approach channel前池fore bay导墙lead wall隔墙partition wall接触灌浆contact grouting回填混凝土backfill concrete帷幕灌浆curtain grouting挡墙retaining wall港口harbour港口建筑物port structure船闸navigation lock船闸充水lock filling船闸充水和泄水系统locking filling and emptying system船闸前池upper pool船闸上下游水位差lock lift船闸闸首lock head升船机ship elevator；ship lift鱼道fish canal旁通管by-pass齿槽cut-off wall水工建筑物专业词汇岸墙land wall坝顶dam crest，dam top坝踵dam heel坝趾dam toe板桩sheet pile边墩side pier，land pier变形模量deformation modulus鼻坎bucket lip毕肖普法Bishop method冰压力ice pressure剥离desquamation侧槽式溢洪道side channel Spillway沉降settlement齿墙cut-off trench冲沙闸（排沙闸）silt-releasing Sluice纯拱法independent arch method刺墙key-wall大头坝massive-head buttress dam *buttress 是扶壁的意思单宽流量discharge per unit width 单曲拱坝single-curvature arch dam挡潮闸tidal sluice导流隧洞river diversion tunnel倒悬度Overhang degree底流消能energy dissipation by underflow地震作用earthquake action垫座cushion abutment动水压力hydrodynamic pressure断层fault堆石坝rock-fill dam多拱梁法multi-arch beam method阀门valve gate防浪墙wave wall防渗铺盖impervious blanket非常溢洪道emergency spillway分洪闸flood diversion sluice副坝auxiliary dam刚体极限平衡法limit equilibrium method for rigid block拱坝arch dam拱冠梁crown cantilever拱冠粱法crown cantilever method工作桥service bridge固结灌浆consolidation grouting灌溉隧洞irrigation tunnel灌浆帷幕grout curtain管涌piping海漫apron extension横缝transverse joint虹吸式溢洪道siphon spillway蝴蝶阀butterfly valve护坡slope protection护坦apron弧形闸门radial gate滑雪道式溢洪道ski-jump spillway化学管涌chemical piping混凝土防渗墙concrete cut-off wall混凝土面板堆石坝concrete faced rock-fill dam基本断面primary section简化毕肖普法simplified Bishop method浆砌石拱坝stone masonry arch dam浆砌石重力坝stone masonry gravity dam交通桥traffic bridge接触冲刷contact scouring接触灌浆contact grouting接缝灌浆joint grouting截水槽cut-off trench节制闸check sluice进水口water inlet进水闸inlet sluice井式溢洪道shaft spillway静水压力hydrostatic pressure均质坝homogeneous earth dam抗滑稳定分析analysis of stability against sliding抗滑稳定性stability against sliding空腹重力坝hollow gravity dam空化cavitation空蚀cavitation erosion空注阀hollow jet valve宽缝重力坝slotted gravity dam宽尾墩flaring pier廊道gallery浪压力wave force理论计算theoretical computation拦河闸river sluice沥青混凝土asphalt concrete连拱坝multiple-arch dam流土soil flow流网法flow net method锚杆anchor rod面板face slab面流消能energy dissipation by surface flow 模型试验model experiment泥沙压力silt pressure碾压混凝土坝Roller Compacted Concrete Dam牛腿Corbel排沙隧洞silt-releasing tunnel排水drainage排水闸outlet sluice喷混凝土sprayed concrete平板坝flat slab buttress dam平面闸门plane gate破碎带crushed zone铺盖blanket砌石护坡stone pitching 人工材料面板坝artificial material faced dam人工材料心墙坝artificial material-core dam 溶洞solution cavern软基重力坝gravity dam on soft foundation 软弱夹层soft intercalated layer实用断面practical section试载法trial-load method双曲拱坝double-curvature arch dam水工建筑物hydraulic structure水工隧洞hydraulic tunnel，waterway tunnel 水力发电隧洞hydropower tunnel水利枢纽hydro-complex水力学方法hydraulics method水平施工缝horizontal joint水闸sluice弹性模量elastic modulus挑流消能energy dissipation by trajectory jet 土工膜geomembrane土石坝earth-rock dam土质斜墙坝earth dam with inclined soil wall 土质斜心墙坝earth dam with inclined soil core土质心墙坝earth dam with soil core帷幕灌浆curtain grouting温度荷载temperature load温度控制temperature control温度应力temperature stress温度作用temperature action无压隧洞free level tunnel消力池stilling pool消力戽roller bucket消能工energy dissipater泄洪隧洞spillway tunnel泄水建筑物discharge structure泄水孔outlet hole新奥法NA TM（New Austrian Tunneling Method）胸墙breast wall扬压力uplift溢洪道spillway水垫塘plunge pool溢流坝overflow dam、翼墙wing wall应力分析stress analysis优化设计optimization design有限单元法finite element method有压隧洞pressure tunnel闸墩pier闸门gate闸门槽gate slot正槽式溢洪道normal channel spillway 整体式重力坝monolithic gravity dam 趾板toe slab支墩坝buttress dam重力坝gravity dam重力墩gravity abutment周边缝peripheral joint驻波standing wave锥形阀cone valve自由跌流free drop自重dead weight纵缝longitudinal joint键槽key strench伸缩缝contraction joint施工缝construction joint反弧段flip bucket拦污栅trash rack渐变段transition泄槽chute发电进水口power intake通气管air vent检修门bulkhead gate事故门emergency gate工作门service gate堰weir通气管air vent胸墙breast wall梁beam柱column回填混凝土backfill concrete接地earth一期混凝土primary concrete二期混凝土secondary concrete叠梁门stoplog门机gantry crane止水waterstop钢筋reinforcement 模板formwork围堰cofferdam马道bench；berm蜗壳volute水轮机turbine电站power house车间workshop发电机generator变电站transformer station副厂房auxiliary power house安装间erection bay尾水闸门tail lock尾水渠tailrace引水渠approach channel前池fore bay导墙lead wall隔墙partition wall接触灌浆contact grouting回填混凝土backfill concrete帷幕灌浆curtain grouting挡墙retaining wall港口harbour港口建筑物port structure船闸navigation lock船闸充水lock filling船闸充水和泄水系统locking filling and emptying system船闸前池upper pool船闸上下游水位差lock lift船闸闸首lock head升船机ship elevator；ship lift鱼道fish canal旁通管by-pass齿槽cut-off wall。

国际工程常用英汉词汇汇编一、基础词汇access 交通agreement 同意、协议allocation 分配、配置approval 同意、批准arbitration 仲裁Asia Development Bank 亚洲开发银行assistant 助理、助手authorize(delegate)授权、委托Bill of Quantities(BOQ) 工程量表civil works 土建工程claim 索赔comment 评论、意见commercial manager 商务经理conditions of contract 合同条件general conditions 通用条件conditions of particular application 专用条件special conditions of contract 特别条件Conditions of contract for Works of Civil Engineering Construction 土木工程施工合同条件construction management 施工管理consultant 顾问contract agreement 合同协议Contractor 承包商cooperation 合作coordination 协作cost 费用cost control 成本控制counterclaim 反索赔demobilization 退场department 部门Designer 设计者drawing 图纸shop drawing 车间图design drawing 设计图as-built drawing 竣工图blue drawing 蓝图transparent drawing 透明图construction drawing 施工图electric works 电气工程Employer(Client/Owner) 业主Engineer 工程师Engineer's representative 工程师代表engineering project 工程项目international project 国际工程overseas project 海外工程domestic project 国内工程equipment 设备expatriate 外籍职员expert 专家export 出口Federation of Civil Engineering Contractor 土木工程承包商联合会formal 正式的hydromechanical works 金结工程import 进口in charge of 负责、主管informal 非正式的Institution of CivilEngineers(ICE) 土木工程师协会instrument 仪器、器械insurance 保险labour 劳务layout 布置leading company(sponsor)牵头公司、责任公司liability(responsibility/obligation) 责任、义务lump sump 总包machinery 机械manpower(human resource) 人力资源Manufacturer 制造商material 材料measure 办法、措施take effective measures 采取有效措施measurement 测量、计量memorandum 备忘录mobilization 进场objection 反对payment 支付plant 设备point of view(opinion) 观点、意见prequalification 资格预审procurement 采购profit 利润progress control 进度控制project manager 项目经理quality control 质量控制request(application) 申请、请求review 审查risk 风险river closure 截流river diversion 导流safety 安全signature 签名site 工地、现场site engineer 现场工程师specification 规格、规范staff 职员Subcontractor 分包商submission 提交supervise 监督、监视Supplier 供货商the International Chamber of Commerce国际商会unit price 单价variation(change) 变更World Bank 世界银行二、工程施工类（一）工程施工-土建类◆开挖与支护（Excavation and Support)明挖（Open Excavation )bench excavation 台阶开挖concrete excavation 砼开挖fault excavation 断层开挖foundation excavation 基础开挖local excavation 局部开挖mass(bulk) excavation 大面积开挖protective layer excavation 保护层开挖rock excavation 岩石开挖slope excavation 边坡开挖soft ground excavation 软基开挖soil excavation 土方开挖structural excavation 结构开挖tooth excavation 齿槽开挖unclassified material excavation 不分类料开挖coefficient of nonuniformity 开挖不均匀系数cutoff trench 截水槽dewatering(drainage) 排水excavation pit 开挖基坑intensity of excavation 开挖强度overexcavate ( overbreak ) 超挖pump sump 水泵坑Underexcavate ( underbreak ) 欠挖underbreak treatment 欠挖处理洞挖及地下开挖（Tunnel and Underground Excavation)a round of excavation 一个开挖循环adit 支洞advance 进尺advances depth 进尺深度breaking hole 崩落孔cushion hole 缓冲孔drift 掏槽bottom drift 底部掏槽center drift 中心掏槽side drift 边部掏槽top drift 顶部掏槽drilling 钻孔driving(progress) rate 进尺率easer 掏槽孔erecting supports for the roof and side wall 对顶拱及边墙进行支护full face excavation 全断面开挖heading and bench excavation 导流与台阶开挖loading and hauling muck(mucking ) 装拉渣loading (charging) 装药perimeter hole 周边孔pilot tunnel 导洞removing dust 除尘removing ground water 清除地面积水shooting the explosive (blasting) 放炮top heading excavation 上导洞开挖ventilation 通风钻孔爆破(Drilling and Blasting)abandoned hole 废孔average hole depth 平均孔深average quantity used in unitvolume blasted 平均单耗blasting result 爆破结果blockness 块度controlled perimeter blasting 周边控制爆破data of explosive filled 装药参数data of holes drilled 钻孔参数delayed blasting 延时爆破exploratory hole 探孔explosive quantity 药量explosive quantity in a sound 单响药量handling misfire 处理哑炮light charge 少量装药loosening blasting 松动爆破pattern 布孔方式distance between holes 孔距distance between rows 排距post shearing blasting 微差爆破prespliting blasting 预裂爆破quantity of holes 孔数smooth blasting 光面爆破延时支护(rock support)expansion shell rock bolt 胀壳式张拉锚杆feature rock anchor 随机锚索feature rock bolt 随机张拉锚杆feature rock dowel 随机砂浆锚杆feature rock reinforcement 随机加固lattice girder 钢桁架、格构大梁pattern cement grouted rockdowel 系统水泥浆锚杆pattern resin grouted rock dowel系统树脂浆锚杆pattern rock dowel 系统砂浆锚杆pattern rock reinforcement 系统加固permanent rock support 永久支护post-tensioned cement grouted tendon rock anchor 后张拉水泥浆锚索rebound material 回弹料return rock bolt 回头张拉锚杆return rock reinforcement 回头加固shotcrete anchorage 喷锚shotcrete with wire mesh 挂网喷砼steel fabric shotcrete 钢纤维喷砼steel rib 钢拱架temporary rock support 临时支护tensioned resin grouted rock bolt 树脂张拉锚杆◆土石料的填筑及碾压施工工序（Working Sequence)backfill 回填blend 混合compact 碾压controlled sprinkling 控制洒水cut the slope 削坡水利水电工程dump 卸料exploit 开采level 整平load 装料moisture condition 水分调节place and spread 摊铺remove 清除replace 重新回填retreat (do the work again) 返工scarify 翻松、刨毛screen and wash 筛分和冲洗take a sample 取样test 测试transport 运输treat 处理trim 修整缺陷（Defects）calcium particles 姜石contaminated material 受污染料declination of the boundary 料界偏差dry 干燥lack of compaction 漏压lump sump 结块muddy 泥泞oversize material 超粒径材料pocket 囊穴seepage 渗流separation 分离shear area 剪力区lens 透镜体其它（Others)bonding surface 结合面byproduct 副产品controlling parameter 控制参数fill placement record 填筑记录frog area 蛙夯区required embankment 必要填方subzone 分区◆混凝土（Concrete ）air-entrained concrete(aerated concrete) 加气砼asphalt concrete 沥青砼blinding concrete 垫层砼cast-in situ(site/place)concrete 现浇砼plastic concrete 塑料砼fibrous concrete 纤维砼first stage concrete 一期砼foamed concrete 泡沫砼high-performance concrete 高性能砼high-strength concrete 高强砼intrusion concrete 压浆砼lean concrete (poor concrete) 贫砼lightweight aggregate concrete 轻骨料砼mass concrete 大体积砼non-fines concrete 无砂砼non-plastic concrete 干硬性砼non-shrinkage concrete 无收缩砼normal concrete 常态砼plain concrete 素砼porous concrete 多孔砼prestressed concrete 预应力砼pump concrete 泵送砼reinforced concrete 钢筋砼roller compacted concrete( rollcrete) 碾压砼second stage concrete 二期砼作业（Activity）clearance(clearing) 清理concretepouring(placement/casting) 砼浇筑curing 养护Membrance curing 薄膜养护moist curing 湿润养护normal curing 标准养护steam curing 蒸汽养护repairing 修理Scabbling (chiping/roughening) 凿毛greencutting 冲毛surface finishing 收面vibrating 振捣缺陷（Defects）bug hole(pitted surface) 麻面cavity 狗洞cold joint 冷缝crack 裂缝deformation 变形depression 坑洼fire-damaged concrete 火损砼formwork shifting(moving) 跑模grout leakage 漏浆（挂帘）honeycomb 蜂窝incomplete vibration 不完全振捣、漏振irregularity 不规则segregation(bleeding) 离析stair(staggered joint) 错台tie rod hole 拉杆孔water leakage 漏水water seepage 渗水外加剂（Admixture）accelerator 速凝剂air-entraining agent 引气剂bloating(bulking /expansion) agent 膨胀剂coring admixture 着色剂early-strength admixture 早强剂gas-forming admixture 发气剂（起泡剂）fluidizer 塑化剂retarding agent 缓凝剂set-controlling admixture 调凝剂super-plasticizer 增塑剂、高效减水剂surface-active agent 表面活性剂water-reducing agent 减水剂accelerating water reducer 速凝型减水剂retarding water reducer 缓凝型减水剂waterproof agent 防水剂指标（Indexes）compressive strength 抗压强度compressive stress 压应力concrete class 砼等级final strength 终凝强度graduation 级配graduation curve 级配曲线impermeability 抗渗性initial setting strength 初凝强度mix design 配比设计resistance to freezing and thawing 抗冻融性shear strength 抗剪强度slump 坍落度specific weight/gravity 比重stability against sliding 抗滑稳定性strain 应变surface finish 表面平整度tensile strength 抗拉强度tensile stress 拉应力thermal stress 温度应力water-cement ratio 水灰比working stress 工作应力其他（Others）acceptance 验收age 龄期aggregate 骨料fine aggregate 细骨料coarse aggregate 粗骨料air pocket 气囊airtightness 气密性alternative 替代物、替换方法apply 应用、施加bending moment 弯矩block 仓号binding strength 黏结强度calibration 标定cement anchor 锚固卷concrete plug 砼塞concrete precast element 砼预制件concrete release sheet 发料单construction joint 施工缝contamination /pollution 污染conversion(reconstruction) 改建coverage 覆盖范围curing agent 养护剂delivery sheet 运料单direct discharge 直接入仓elevation 高程、正视图epoxy mortar application 还氧砂浆抹面existing 现有（存）的expansion joint 伸缩缝facilitate 使容易（便利）gabion 纤丝笼humidity 湿度水利水电工程identity 识别、标记ingredient 成分、配料inspection 检查、验收preliminary inspection 初验final inspection 终验appearance inspection 外观检查intact 完整的、未被触动的inter-tower joint 塔间缝introduce into 将……穿入isolate 隔离laitance 浮浆皮layer(lift)height 层高meet design requirement 满足设计要求moment of inertia 惯性距Pocket (box out/preset hole) 预留孔post-cooling 后冷却post tensioning 后张拉pre-cooling 预冷却pre-stressing 预应力pre-tensioning 先张拉pull-off test 扒拉试验reinforcement cover 钢筋保护层remark 备注section area 截面面积shearkey 抗剪键key groove 键槽shotcrete dry-mix process 干喷砼生产shotcrete wet-mix process 湿喷砼生产simplify 简化simultaneously 同时地spacer 水泥垫块spacing 间距stress concentration 应力集中symmetry 对称technical data 技术参数temperature control 温度控制temperature difference 温差temperature rise(gain) 温度升高theoretical elongation 理论延长量unloading 卸载water stop 止水PVC water stop PVC止水rubber water stop 橡皮止水copper water stop 铜止水watertightness 闭水性winter protection 冬季保温◆模板（Formwok/Shutteringform) erecting(setting up/fixing) formwork 立模Stripping (removing/dismantling) formwork 拆模bond breaker 脱模剂climbing cone 爬升锥dam bracket 大坝支架distance piece 横支撑double-curvature formwork 双曲模板flat formwork 平面模板水利水电工程formwork oil 模板油pigtail anchor 猪尾筋retractable formwork 进退式模板shearkey box 键槽盒sliding formwork 滑模steel form carrier 钢模台车steel formwork 钢模steel waling 钢围令、钢支撑stopend 堵头、封堵模板temporary formwork 临时模板tie rod(form tie) 拉杆tiltable formwork 倾斜式模板vault and invert formwork 顶拱及底拱模板wood formwork 木模◆钢筋（Reinforcement Rebar）distribution bar 分布筋dowel 插筋horizontal bar 水平筋lap length 搭接长度main stress bar 主应力筋overlap 搭接shear bar 剪力筋splice welding 绑条焊接starter bar 起始筋、苗子锦stirrup 箍筋support bar 架立筋vertical bar 竖直筋◆灌浆（Grouting）backfill grouting 回填灌浆consolidation grouting 固结灌浆contact grouting 接触灌浆curtain grouting 帷幕灌浆gap grouting 接缝灌浆gravity grouting 自重灌浆jet grouting 旋喷灌浆multi-stage grouting 多次灌浆pressure grouting 压力灌浆ring grouting 环行灌浆single-stage grouting 一次灌浆工艺过程（Activity）air test 通风试验backfilling of hole 封孔flushing test 通水试验joint washing 洗缝seal 密封soak 浸泡water pressure test 压水试验管路及组件（Circuit and Elements）air supply 风包arising pipe 升降管circuit 回路clamp 卡子cock 旋塞coil 蛇形管cylinder 缸套double nipple 对丝连接套水利水电工程expansion coupling 伸缩节female-quick coupling 内丝快接头fixed clamp 死卡flow rate meter 测量计galvanized elbow 镀锌弯头grout cap 灌浆帽grout cell 出浆盒grout stop plate 止浆片grout valve 灌浆阀inlet pipe 进浆管large radius elbow 大弧弯头main pipe 总管male-quick coupling 外丝快接头outlet pipe 出浆管packer 灌浆塞piston 活塞plug 堵头reducer socket 变径管套return pipe 回浆管tee piece 三通管reduce tee piece 变径三通管swivel-clamp 转卡U-bend U弯头union 活接头ventilation pipe 排气管water supply 水包参数及指标（Parameter and Indexes）consistency 稠度fineness 细度grout take 吃浆量high take 吃浆量大grouting pressure 灌浆压力leakage rate 漏水率Lugeon 吕容mix proportion 浆比pumping rate 泵浆率refusal criteria 排浆标准refusal time 抽浆时间water aborptin 吸水率仪器设备（Plant and Instrument）agitator 搅拌站automatic recorder 自动记录仪chiller plant(cooling plant) 制冷站displancement point 位移点electronic grout flow meter 电子流量计extensometer 变位计flow transmitter 流量传感器foundation displacementindicator 基础位移指示器grout pump 灌浆泵hydrometer 比重计joint meter 测缝计mixing plant 制浆站monitor 监测器osmometer 渗压计水利水电工程pendulum 钟摆portable instrument 便携式仪器pressure gauge 压力表pressure sensor 压力传感器reinforcement meter 钢筋计steel basin 搅拌槽strain meter 应变计temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal station 集线站其他（Others）check hole 检查孔compartment 灌区dense mix 浓浆foundation uplift 基础隆起grout hole 灌浆孔instrument hole 仪器孔primary/secondary and tertiary grout holes 一序、二序、三序灌浆孔spilt spacing 加密灌浆孔距waste mix 弃浆◆测量（Survey）测量方法及术语（Methods and Terms）adjust 校正、调整adjustment 平差allowance 容许误差backsight point 后视点basic point 基础点bench mark 水准点compass 罗盘chainage(station number) 桩号chain of triangulation 三角锁check 校核、对照control point 控制点coordinate point 坐标点datum 基础面datum point 基准点deviation 偏差easily identifiable point 容易识别点error 误差first order triangulation 一等三角测量geodetic 大地测量学的geodetic surveying 大地测量joint survey 联合测量known point 已知点level surface 水准面local triangulation networks 局部三角网national coordination system 国家坐标网observe 观测、监视point to be located 待定点position 定位、位置reconnaissance 选点、踏勘reference point 参考点second order triangulation 二等三角测量set out 放线、放样stake-line 测桩线state plane coordinate system 国家平面坐标系水利水电工程survey point 测点theoretical point 理论点traverse(polygon) 导线（测量）、横断error of traverse 导线闭合差lattice traverse 网格状导线long side traverse 长导线open traverse 非闭合导线short side traverse 短导线traverse closure 导线闭合traverse station 导线点traverse survey 导线测量triangulation 三角测量triangulation network 三角网triangulation of high order 高等级三角网triangulation point 三角点trilateration 三边测量vertical-control net 高程控制网wood pile 木桩角度测量（Angular Measure）azimuth 方位角bearing 方位、象限角buddle 气泡、水准器circle 度盘、圆盘circular bubble 圆水准器collimation axis 视准轴cross-line(cross-hair) 十字丝depression angle 俯角elevation angle 仰角eyepiece(ocular) 目镜field pole(staff) 标杆foot-screw 脚螺栓horizontal angle 水平角mark 标志（明）objective lens 物镜plumb(plummet) 铅垂、垂线sight 瞄准、观测target 目标、瞄准theodolite 经纬仪tranverse axis 横轴tripod 三脚架vertical angle 竖直角vertical axis 竖轴望远镜（Telescope）centering 对中face left 盘左face right 盘右focus 集中、焦点focusing 调焦index error 指标误差inverted position of telescope(reverse telescope)倒镜、盘右normal position of telescope(direct telescope)正镜、盘右optical plummet 光学垂准器round 测回set 套、组station 测站距离测量（Distance Measure）barometer 气压计base line(basic line/datum line) 基线battery 电池EDM(electromagnetic distance measurement) 电磁波测距filter 滤光片、滤波器laser alignment system 激光准直系统laser beam 激光束prism 棱镜range 测程、距离long range 远程medium range 中程short range 短程range finder 测距仪signal 信号spring balance 弹簧称tape 卷尺invar tape 铟瓦钢卷尺高程测量（Height Measurement）altitude/elevation 高程、海拔approximate leveling 近似置平、粗平automatic level 自动定平水准仪difference in altitude(difference of elevation ,height difference) 高差error of closure in leveling 水准闭合差exact leveling 精平、确置平level 水准仪（测点）level circuit 水准闭合环level shoe 水准尺垫line of level 水准线路national geodetic vertical datum 国家大地高程基准面reduced level 归化高差run back 返测run out 往测three-wire leveling 三丝法水准测量地形测量（Topographic Survey）boundary 边界、界线construction stake 施工标桩contour 等高线contour interval 等高距contouring 绘等高线contour-length method 等高线延长法contour line 等高线control network 控制网detail 细部、详图draw 绘图field 外业fix 固定、确定form line 地形图grid 格网information 注记、资料、情报marginal information 轮廓注记large-scale 大比例尺的latitude 纬度、范围latitude circle 纬圈latitude line 纬线legend 图例location 定线、定位longitude 经度longitude line 经线map 地图、制图mapping 制图、测图、地质素描match line 拼接线monument 标石、石柱object 地物、目标plan 平面图、略图plot 绘图profile 断面（图）、纵剖图record 记录、资料setup 定置仪器site location 定位stake out 放样、定线、立桩symbol 符号、记号topographic detail 地形细部topographic map 地形图◆原形观测观测仪器和设施{Instrumentation and Facilities）air-entraining meter 掺气剂Carlson-type piezometer 卡尔逊式渗压计concrete strain meter 砼应变计convergent point 收敛测点direct plumb line 正垂线earth pressure cell 土压力盒embankment piezometer 坝体渗压计embankment strain meter 堤应变计extended wire 引张线foundation piezometer 基础渗压计horizontal inclinometer 水平测斜仪hydraulic instrument 水力学仪器hydrophone 水听器inclinometer casing 测斜管interface joint meter 界面变位计inverted plumb line 倒垂线micro piezometer 微压计multiple position extensometer 多点位移计observation point 观测标点observation well 观测井optical alignment line 视准线plate strain meter 钢板计pneumatic piezometer 气压式渗压计pressure fluctuation meter 脉动压力计prestressed tendon anchorage dynamometer 预应力锚索测力计rock bolt extensometer 锚杆测力计single point extensometer 单点位移计spiral sensor 测扭仪standpipe 测压管strong-motion seismogragh 强震仪surface monument 表面标点temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal house 终端房terminal station 终端站tilt meter 倾角计time average pressure cell 时均压力计total pressure cell 总压力盒velometer 流速计vertical inclinometer 垂直测斜仪vibrating wire piezometer 震旋式渗压计vibrating wire settlement sensor 振旋式沉降仪weir with micro piezometer 带微压计的量水堰working base point 工作基点zero stress-strain meter 砼无应力计附件及配件（Acessories and Spare Parts）coil 盘绕component 零部件coordinator 坐标仪damping box 阻尼角differential resistance 差动电阻double layer rubber sleeve 双层保护forced centering plate 强制对中盘instrument lead 仪器电缆invar wire 铟瓦丝metal ring 金属环plumb coordinate meter 垂线坐标仪pulley 滑轮regulator 调节器riser 立管sensor 传感器spool 绕轴steel socket 钢底座tablet 药片tensioning weight 张拉重锤thermistor 热敏电阻tip 测头安装过程（Procession of Installation）assemble 组装couple 连接embed 埋设install 安装insulate 绝缘maintenance 维护monitor 监测protection of instrumentation 仪器保护reduce 归纳seal 密封splice 拼接supply 提供test 测试资料（Information）assemble schematic 装配简图certificate 合格证书description 使用说明书maintenace guideline 维护指南manual 说明书operating principle 工作原理operating restraint 操作范围procedure 程序trouble shooting procedure 鼓掌分析程序其他（Others）annular space 环行空间data acquisition 数据采集data recording 数据记录leas drilling hole 引线孔permanent record 永久记录readout device 读数设备saturated 饱和的seepage isolation dike 截渗堤trapezoidal 梯形◆水工常规试验砼原材料试验（Test of Raw and Processed Material of Concrete）骨料（Aggregate）abrasion volume by Los Angeles rattler洛杉机磨耗量accumulated retained percentage 累计筛余百分率acicular and flaky grain in aggregate 针状与片状颗粒含量alkali-aggregate reaction 碱骨料反应apparent density 视密度bulk density (unity weight) 容重clay lumps and friable particles in aggregate黏土块及易碎颗粒含量coefficient of softening 软化系数crush index 压碎指标dry state 干燥状态exceeding and inferior grain inaggregate 超逊径颗粒含量fineness modulus 细度模数gaping place rate 空隙率grader retained percentage 分计筛余百分率grain composition 颗粒级配grain size 粒径lightweight matter in aggregate 轻物质含量mica content 云母含量moisture content(water rate) 含水率mud content 含泥量organic content 有机质含量potential reactivity of aggregate 骨料潜在活性saturation 饱和的sieving curve 筛分曲线soft grain in aggregate 软弱骨料含量soundness 坚固性surface moisture content 表面含水率water-soluble sulphide 水溶性硫化物水硬性胶凝材料(Hydraulicity cementitious material)age 龄期cement mark(strength of cement /cement grade) 水泥标号consumptive use of water normal consistance水利水电工程标准稠度用水量degree of mobilization 流动性dissolution heat ( solution heat ) 溶解热final set 终凝flexural strength 抗弯强度flyash 粉煤灰hydration heat 水化热initial set 初凝loss on ignition(ignition loss) 烧矢量setting time 凝结时间silica fume 硅粉soundness 水泥的安定性specific surface area 比表面积specific heat 比热water demand ratio 吸水量比外加剂（Admixture）bubble stability 泡沫稳定性bubbling ability 起泡能力chloride content 氯化物含量compressive strength rate 抗压强度比contract with dry rate 干缩率dispersing coefficient 分散系数dispersing ability of water-reducing agent 减水剂分散能力loss of slump 塌落度损失sulphate content 硫酸盐含量solid content 固体含量surface tension 表面张力water-reducing rate 减水率水（Water）alkalinity 碱度calcion 钙离子carbonic acid 钙酸chlorion 氯离子equivalent concentration 当量浓度oxygen consumption 耗氧量normal solution (standardsolution) 标准溶液PH value PH值water analysis 水值分析砼（Concrete）砼拌和物（Mixture）assurance strength of concrete 砼保证强度bleeding rate 泌水率cement-sand ration 灰砂比design strength of concrete 砼设计标号flowability of concrete 砼的流动性mix proportion (proportion of mixture) 砼配合比mixture uniformity 拌和物的均匀性penetration-obstruction method 贯入阻力法probability of ensuring strength of concrete 砼强度保证率sand rate 砂率unit consumption of water 单位用水量water retention (water retentiveness) 保水性water-cement ratio 水灰比硬化砼（Hardened concrete）axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度coefficient of thermal conductivity 导热系数cooling rate 冷却率core of concrete 砼芯样creep deformation (time deformation ) 徐变变形form coefficient(form factor) 形状系数freezing -melting circulation 冻融循环frost-resistance mark 抗冻标号heat property of concrete 砼热学性能height-diameter ration 高径比linear expansion coefficient 线膨胀系数loss of weight 重量损失natural frequency 自振频率permeate 渗透permeated height 渗透高度permeated-resisting mark 抗渗标号relative coefficient of permeability 相对渗透系数resonance frequency 共振频率sample 试件self-grown volume deformation（砼）自生体积变形splitting tensile strength 劈裂抗拉强度static compressive modulus of elasticity 静力抗压弹数temperature conductivity 导温系数tensile modulus of elasticity 抗拉弹性模量thermal insulation warming 绝热温升ultimate tensile strain 极限拉应变ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度wear rate 磨损率wear-resisting strength 抗冲磨强度砂浆（Cement）cement lime mortar 水泥石灰砂浆cement mortar 水泥砂浆cement-clay mortar 水泥黏土砂浆epoxy mortar 环氧砂浆lime mortar 石灰砂浆plastering mortar 抹面砂浆pointing joint mortar 勾缝砂浆土（Soil）accumulation curve (cumulative curve) 累计曲线activity index 活性指标angle of friction 摩擦角Atterberg limits(water content as limit) 阿太堡界限（界限含水量）California bearing ratio 载重比coarse-grained soil 粗粒土coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数coefficient of cubicalcompressibility 体积压缩系数coefficient of curvature 曲率系数compression 压缩compression index 压缩指数compression modulus 压缩模数consolidated-undrained (quick) shear test 固结不排水剪（固结快剪）试验consolidated-drained (slow) shear test 固结不排水剪（慢剪）试验consolidation 固结consolidation coefficient 固结系数consolidation settlement 固结沉降consolidation stress 固结应力continuous grading/gradation 连接级配contraction test(shrinkage test) 收缩试验core cutter method 环刀法creep curve 蠕变曲线critical slope 逸出坡降（临界坡降）Darcy's law 达西定律degree of consolidation 固结度degree of free swelling 自由膨胀率direct shear test 直接剪切试验direct shear test of reiteration 反复直剪强度试验distribution curve 分布曲线drift soil (shifting soil/mass flow) 流土effective angle of inner friction 有效内摩擦角effective strength envelope 有效强度包线expansion force 膨胀力expansion ration(specific expansion) 膨胀率filtering flow(seepage flow) 渗流fine-grained soil 细粒土flow net(drift net) 流网hydraulic slope 水力坡降hydrometer method 比重计法hydrostatic head method 常水头法limit equilibrium state 极限平衡状态liquefaction 液化liquid limit 液限liquidity index 液化指标maximum dry density 最大干密度method of sieving 筛分法Mohr's stress circle 莫力应力圆Mohr-coulomb failure criteria 莫尔-库伦破坏准则normal stress 法向应力（正应力）oedometer curve 压缩曲线optimum moisture content 最优含水量piping 管涌plastic limit 塑限plasticity index 塑性指标pore water pressure 空隙水压力porosity 空隙率principal stress 主应力Proctor compaction test 普氏击实试验relative density 相对密度sand replacement method 灌砂法saturability (saturation degree/percentsaturation) 饱和度saturated unit weight 饱和容重seepage deformation 渗透变形seepage force(seepage pressure) 渗透力seepage line 渗透线seepage speed 渗透速度shear stress 切向应力（剪应力）shrinkage limit 缩限skip(gap/jump) grading 间断级配specific gravity of soil particle 土粒比重steady seepage field 稳定渗流场stress path 应力路径total strength envelope 总强度包线triaxial compression test 三轴压缩试验unconfined compression strength 无侧限抗压强度unconsolidated undrained test 不固结不排水剪（快剪）试验variable head method 变水头法void(pore) ratio 孔隙比water replacement method 灌水法wet density 湿密度其它建筑材料钢筋（steel ）bending and unbending 反复弯曲cold bending test 冷弯试验elongation test 拉伸试验nominal diameter 公称直径ratio of elongation 伸长率relaxation test 松弛试验steel strand 钢绞线tensile yield strength 拉伸屈服强度ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度木材（Wood）curshing strength paralled to thegrain 顺纹抗压强度tensile strength paralled to thegrain 顺纹抗拉强度crushing strength across th egrain 横纹抗压强度tensile strength across to thegrain 横纹抗拉强度沥青（Asphalt）brittle temperature test 脆化点试验expansion test 延伸度试验penetration test 针入式试验softening point test 软化点试验test of aging 老化试验viscosity test 粘滞性试验质量管理（Quality Management）average 平均值deviation standard(error of mean squares) 均方差deviation coefficient(dispersion coefficient) 离差系数index of correlation 相关系数水利水电工程management limit 管理界限mathematic statistics 数理统计maximum 最大值minimum 最小值normal distribution 正态分布quality assurance 质量保证quality examination 质量检测regression curve 回归曲线relative dampness 相对湿度sample capacity 样本容量sampling frequency 取样频率specimen 样品statistical analysis 统计分析technical specification 技术规范technical standard 技术标准testing circumstance 试验环境testing error 试验误差testing regulation 试验规程variance analysis 方差分析◆地质(Geology)地质年代（Geochronology of Geologic Ages）Archaeozoic era (erathem) 太古代（界）Proterozoic era (erathem) 元古代（界）Palaeozoic era (erathem) 古生代（界）Mesozoic era (erathem) 中生代（界）Cenozoic era (erathem) 新生代（界）Sinian period (system) 震旦纪（系）Cambrian period (system) 寒武纪（系）Ordovician period (system) 奥陶纪（系）Silurian period (system) 志留纪（系）Devonian period (system) 泥盘纪（系）Carboniferous period (system) 石碳纪（系）Permian period (system) 二叠纪（系）Triassic period (system) 三叠纪（系）Jurassic period (system) 侏罗纪（系）Cretaceous period (system) 白垩纪（系）Tertiary period (system) 第三纪（系）Quaternary period (system) 第四纪（系）地质构造（Geologic Structural）fault 断层normal fault 正断层reversed fault 逆断层parallel fault 平移断层gouge 断层泥stria 擦痕joint 节理primary joint 原生节理secondary joint 次生节理tension joint 张节理unloading joint 卸荷节理schistosity 片理bedding 层理foliation 板理（叶理）ripple mark 波痕mud crack 泥痕rain print 雨痕水利水电工程orientation of bedrock 岩层产状strike 走向dip 倾向angle of dip (dip angle ) 倾角fold 褶皱anticline 背斜syncline 向斜Monocline (homocline) 单斜dome 穹隆soft stratum 软弱岩层zone of fracture(broken zone ) 破碎带affected zone 影响带platy structure 板状构造cleavage 解理fracture(rupture) 断裂fissure(crack/fracture) 裂隙岩石类型（Rock type）petrology 岩石学igneous rock 火成岩magmatic rock 岩浆岩lava(vocanic rock) 火山岩intrusive (invade) rock 侵入岩effusive rock 深成岩pypabussal rock 浅成岩acid rock 酸性岩inter-mediate rock 中性岩basic rock 基性岩ultrabasic rock 超基性岩granite 花岗岩porphyry 斑岩rhyolite 玢岩syenite 流纹岩trachyte 粗面岩diorite 闪长岩andesite 安山岩gabbro 辉长岩basalt 玄武岩aplite 细晶岩pegmatite 伟晶岩lamprophyre 煌斑岩diabase 辉绿岩dunite 橄榄岩pumice 浮岩sedimentary rock 沉积岩clastic rock 碎屑岩clay rock 黏土岩chemical rock 化学岩biolith 生物岩conglomerate 砾岩siltstone 粉砂岩mudstone 泥岩shale 页岩saline rock 盐岩limestone 石灰岩dolomite 白云岩marl 泥灰岩。