职称英语理工全部的阅读理解

职称英语考试真题理工类B级阅读理解（文字版）Can you hear This ?When something creates a sound wave in a room or an auditorium (礼堂)，listeners hear the sound wave directly from the source. They also hear the reflections as the sound bounces off the walls , floor ,and ceiling . These are called the reflected wave or reverberant (反射的) sound , which can be heard even after the sound is no longer coming from the source .The reverberation time of an auditorium is determined by the volume or interior size of the auditorium .It is also determined by how well or how poorly the walls , ceiling, floor , and contents of the room (including the people ) absorb sound. There is no ideal reverberation time .The full-sound performance of music such as Wagner operas or Mahler symphonies should have a long reverberation time . The light ,rapid musical passages of Bach or Mozart need a reverberation time somewhere between .Acoustic problems often are caused by poor auditorium design .Smooth , curved (弯曲的)reflecting surfaces create large reflections . Parallel (平行的)walls reflect sound back and forth, creating a rapid ,repetitive pulsing(有节奏的跳动)effect. Large pillars (柱)and corners can cause acoustic shadows as the sound waves try to pass around the object . Some of these problems can be solved by using absorbers and relectors to change the reverberation time of a room .For example , hanging large reflectors , called clouds , over the performers will allow some sound frequencies to reflect and others to pass yo achieve a pleasing mixture of sound.1.This Passage is mainly aboutA sound waves and their acoustic effect .B the types of music orchestras playC walls of an auditoriumD the design of an auditorium2.Wagner operas and Mahler symphonies sound fuller in an auditorium with~ 2 / 3 ~A a short reverberation timeB a long reverberation timeC an intermediate reverberation timeD no reverberation time3.This passage suggests that a good auditorium shouldA achieve a pleasing mixture of soundB get rid of all reflectionsC not have absorbers.D have smooth surfacesrge pillars and corners mayA make sound rich and fullB be cures for sound problemsC be sources of sound problemsD function as well as clouds5.The word “acoustic “in the last paragraph has something to do withA performanceB MusicC soundD noiseSmart WindowWindows not only let light in to cut down an electricity use for lighting，but the light coming through the window also provides heat.However，windows are notsomething people typically associate with being a cutting edge1 technology.Researchers are now working on new technologies that enable a window to quickly change from clear to dark and anywhere in between with a flip of a switch2.“It took us a long time to figure out what a window really is,” says Claes Granqvist.He’s a professor of solid-state physics at Uppsala University in Sweden3.“It’s contact with the outside world.You have to have visual contact with the surrounding world to feel well.” So，windows and natural light are important for improving the way people feel when they’re stuck indoors.Yet，windows are the weak link in a building when it comes to energy and temperature control.In the winter，cold air leaks in.When it’s hot and sunny，sunlight streams in.All of this sunlight carries lots of heat and energy.And all of this extra heat forces people to turn ontheir air conditioners.Producing blasts of cold air，which can feel so refreshing，actually suck up enormous amounts of electricity in buildings around the world.Windows have been a major focus of energy research for a long time. Over the years，scientists have come up with a variety of strategies for coating，glazing，and layering windows to make them more energy efficient.Smart windows go a step further.They use chromogenic technologies which involve changes of color.Electrochromic windows use electricity to change color.For example，a sheet of glass coated with thin layers of chemical compound such as tungsten oxide works a bit like a battery.Tungsten oxide is clear when an electric charge is applied and dark when the charge is removed，that is，when the amount of voltage is decreased，the window darkens until it’s completely dark after all electricity is taken away.So applying a voltage determines whether the window looks clear or dark.One important feature that makes a smart window so smart is that it has a sort of “memory.” All it takes is a small jolt of voltage to turn the window from one state to the other.Then，it stays that way.Transitions take anywhere from 10 seconds to a few minutes，depending on the size of the window.The development of smart windows could mean that massive air conditioning systems may no longer need.“In the future,” Granqvist says,“our buildings may look different.”练习：1. Which of the following statements does not indicate the importance of windows as described in the first two paragraphs?A Windows can change from clear to dark to save energy.B Windows help to save energy by letting light in.C Windows help to save energy by providing heat.D Windows enable people to have contact with the outside world.2. When are windows the weak link in a building?A In the cold winter.B In the hot summer.C When air conditioners are turned on.D Both A and B.3. What are smart windows，according to Paragraph 4?A Windows that are coated.B Windows that are glazed.C Windows the color of which can be changed.D Windows that have many layers.4. To make electrochromic windows change color，what is applied to the windowglass?A Electricity.B Tungsten oxide.C A battery.D A voltage.5. What will he the benefit if the research on smart windows turns out to be successful，according to the last paragraph?A The buildings will look different.B Windows can be as large as you want.C We may not need air conditioners any more.D They are less expensive than traditional windows.词汇：flip n.比喻意为“最先进的，科技含量的”。

职称英语考试理工类阅读理解练习题Dreams of FlightThe story of man's dream of flight, of his desire to reach the stars, is as old as mankind itself. According to Greek legend, Daedalus was the first man to fly. He and his son had been kept on an island. In order to escape, Daedalus shaped wings of wax (2) into which he stuck bird feathers. During their flight, his son flew too high and the sun melted the wax. He was drowned in the sea. The father was supposed to have continued his flight and reached Sicily, several hundred miles away.There is also an English legend of King Bladud who, during his rule in the ninth century B.C., used wings to fly. But his flight was short-lived and he fell to his death. The dream of flying continued, but in all the legends, the flier rose like a bird only to fall like a stone. It took hundreds of years that men flew up into the air and returned to earth safely.The first man to approach flying on a scientific basis was an Englishman who lived during the thirteenth century. He looked at the air about us as a sea, and he believed that a balloon could float on the air just as a boat did on water. Almost four hundred years later, an Italian priest applied his principle of air flight. He designed a boat, which would be held in the air by four hollow spheres (空心球). ach of the four balls was to be 20 feet in diameter (直径) and made of very thin copper. But his boat was never built since itwas not possible to make spheres of such thin metal and such size in those days.After studying the flight of birds and the movement ofthe air, a great scientist of the fifteenth century concluded that birds flew because they flapped (摆动) their wings and that it was possible for man to do the same. So a kind of flapping-wing flying machine was invented. Many men tried and failed to fly with flying machines. It was not until 1890that people discovered why this method would never succeed - man could not develop sufficient power with his arms and legs.41 How did Daedalus manage to escape to Sicily, according to the passage?A He killed the guards and got out of the island.B A god came to rescue him and took him away.C His son came to rescue him and took him away.D He made wings of wax and flew away from the island.42 According to the English legend, King Bladud lost his life because__________.A he flew too far.B he flew too high.C he fell to the ground,D he was hit by a stone.43 The first scientific air flight was designedby__________.A a Greek.B an Englishman.C a Chinese.D an Italian.44 The priest failed to build the boat because__________.A he could not raise enough money.B his design was not scientific.C he could not find enough copper.D copper spheres could not be made as designed45 According to the last paragraph, man could not fly with flapping-wing flying machines because__________.A he could not develop adequate power with his arms and legs.B he knew nothing about the movement of the air.C they were made of heavy metal.D they were made of light feathers.41. D 42. C 43. D 44. D 45. A。

【经典资料，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可编辑修改】【经典考试资料，答案附后，看后必过，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可修改】第一部分：Smart WindowWindows not only let light in to cut down an electricity use for lighting, but the light coming through the window also provides heat. However, windows are not something people typically associate with being a cutting edge1 technology. Researchers are now working on new technologies that enable a window to quickly change from clear to dark and anywhere in between with a flip of a switch2.“It took us a long time to figure out what a window really is,” says Claes Granqvist. He’s a professor of solid-state physics at Uppsala University in Sweden3. “It’s contact with the outside world. You have to have visual contact with the surrounding world to feel well.” So, windows and natural light are important for improving the way people feel when they’re stuck indoors.Yet, windows are the weak link in a building when it comes to energy and temperature control. In the winter, cold air leaks in. When it’s hot and sunn y, sunlight streams in. All of this sunlight carries lots of heat and energy. And all of this extra heat forces people to turn on their air conditioners. Producing blasts of cold air, which can feel so refreshing, actually suck up enormous amounts of electricity in buildings around the world.Windows have been a major focus of energy research for a long time. Over the years, scientists have come up with a variety of strategies for coating, glazing, and layering windows to make them more energy efficient. Smart windows go a step further. They use chromogenic technologies which involve changes of color.Electrochromic windows use electricity to change color. For example, a sheet of glass coated with thin layers of chemical compound such as tungsten oxide works a bit like a battery. Tungsten oxide is clear when an electric charge is applied and dark when the charge is removed, that is, when the amount of voltage is decreased, the window darkens until it’s completely dark after all。

职称英语理工真题附答案解析（2）2017年职称英语理工真题附答案解析C.Russian ballet.D.why ballet is no longer popular.42.The word “pageants” in Paragraph 2 meansA.big shows.B.dances.C.instructions.D.royal courts.43.Professional ballet was first performed inA.France.B.Italy.C.Russia.D.America.44.Who had an important influence on early ballet?A.Balanchine.B.Antoinette.C.Diaghilev.D.Louis XIV.45.We can conclude from this passage that balletA.is a dying art.B.will continue to change.C.is currently performed only in Russia.D.is often performed by dancers with little training.第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。

A Doctor in the HouseBrushing your teeth twice a day should keep the dentist away.But if a group of scientificresearchers have their wish, it will make the rest of your body healthy too. ______ (46) It isone of many gadgets proposed by engineers and doctors at the Center for Future Health inNew York— others include a pair of glasses that help to jog your memory, and a home cameradesigned to check for cancer.The devices seem fanciful, but the basic principles are simple. The gadgets should make iteasy for people to detect illness long before it strikes and so seek treatment far earlier thannormal. ______ (47) In the long run, the technology may even prevent illness by encouragingus to lead healthier lives.Intelligent bandages are a good example. Powerful sensors within the bandage could quicklyIdentify tiny amounts of bacteria in a wound and determine which antibiotics would workbest. ______ (48)Socks are long overdue for a makeover. In the future they will be able to automatically detectthe amount of pressure in your foot and alert you when an ulcer is coming up.All the projects should have far-reaching implications, but the biggest single development is amelanoma monitor designed to give early warnings of cancer. ______ (49) If a problem isfound, the system would advise you to get a check-u p at your doctor’s surgery.If all this sounds troublesome, then help is at hand. ______ (50) A standard computer wouldbe able to understand your voice and answer questions about your symptoms in plain Englishand in a way which would calm your nerves.A.Ex perts are also working on a ‘digital doctor’, complete with a comforting bedside manner.B.Instead of relying on hi-tech hospitals, the emphasis isshifted to the home and easy-to-use gadgets.C.The cut could then be treated instantly, so avoiding possible complications.D.That is going to be the difficult part.E.The device could be used to take a picture of your body each week, then compare it withprevious images.F.A toothbrush that checks blood sugar and bacteria while you brush is currently indevelopment in the USA.第6部分：完形填空(第52~65题，每题1分，共15分)下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

职称英语理工类阅读理解练习及答案职称英语理工类阅读理解练习及答案As the television， communications and telecommunications industries emerge， compatibility (兼容性) becomes a big issue for consumers. I think we should maintain open and compatible standards and create features particular to Sony， in other words， the system should be open but the services could be distinctive —— like restaurants. The menus may be alike but the services are different.Being president of Sony Corporation， I am often asked by this question： With digital cameras and digital camcorders (摄像机)， what will be the future of digital imaging?In 1997， optimists see non-traditi0nal cameras ~ digital cameras achieving sales of one million units in Japan. We are selling a new digital camera. Even though the price is quite high， it is selling well. And laser and ink-jet printers have improved greatly for printing colour pictures. But traditional pictures are still more popular than those from todays electronic cameras. Because of that， traditional cameras and digital cameras will co-exist for a long time.If you want me to sum up Sonys vision for the next few years，all I can say is that there will be a big change. We can run our business at Sony based on todays technologies ~ which means the digitalisation of audio and video. But beyond 2000， there will be a big change and we should be prepared. This will be the network environment. So we are preparing for a big change in technologies and for a change in the way of thinking as well.We celebrate our 50~ anniversary this year (1997)， and this coincides (与……一致) with what I call the transistor cycle， which has also lasted fifty years. Since we started using transistors in radios，the electronic industry has undergone a big evolution. But a new technology wave started with the invention of the microprocessor， about 14 or 15 years ago. My theory is that each business cycle lasts 50 years， with one cycle overlapping (重叠) another. The information age started 15 years ago with microprocessors and for another 10 years it will be in the takeoff stage. Like an airport， a 747 approaching the end of the runway is still gathering speed. So for informationtechnology， for another five to seven years there will not be so much change， only increasing speed. But after that you fly. What that will mean， I cannot foresee. Im just preparing for the takeoff stage whileIm president. The job of the next generation will be more important. Im just in-between.1 Why does the president of Sony Corporation mention restaurants in the first paragraph?A To praise Japanese restaurants for offering good services.B To explain that Japanese restaurants are distinctive.C To explain what has just been said.D To emphasize that restaurants are all alike.2 What is the presidents view on digital cameras and traditional ones?A Digital cameras will be cheaper than traditional ones in the near future.B Digital cameras and traditional cameras will co-exist for ever.C The prices of digital cameras will go down very soon.D Digital cameras will not take the place of traditional ones in the next few years.3 What will take place in the next few years， according to the president?A A big change in technologies and in the way of thinking.B A change in digitalisation.C A change in the way of manufacturing.D A change in the business cycle.4 How long does each business cycle last， according to the president?A 10 years.B 14 or15 years.C 25 years.D 50 years.5 What does the president say he is doing?A He is designing jobs for the next generation.B He is preparing for the fly stage.C He is doing something for the takeoff stage.D He is flying an aircraft.参考答案：1. C2. D3. A4. D5. C。

职称英语阅读二理工类职称英语阅读（二）理工类PASSAGE 4The SeaWhat do you know about the sea? We know that it looks very pretty when the sun is shining on it. We also know that it can be very rough when there is a strong wind. What other things do we know about it?The first thing to remember is that the sea is very big. When you look at the map of the world you will find there is more water than land. The sea covers three quarters of the world.The sea is also very deep in some places. It is not deep everywhere. Some parts of the sea are very shallow. But in some places the depth of the sea is very great. There is one spot, near Japan, where the sea is nearly 11 kilometers deep! The highest mountain in the world is about 9 kilometers high. If that mountain were put into the sea at that place, there would be 2 kilometers of water above it! What a deep place!If you have swum in the sea, you know that it is salty. You can taste the salt. Rivers, which flow into the sea, carry salt from the land into the sea. Some parts of the sea are saltier than other parts. There is one sea, called the Dead Sea, which is very salty. It is so salty that swimmers cannot sink! Fish cannot live in the Dead Sea!In most parts of the sea, there are plenty of fishes and plants. Some live near the top of the sea. Others live deep down. There are also millions of tiny living things that float in the sea. These floating things are so small that it is hard to see them. Many fish live by eating these.The sea can be very cold divers who go deep down in the sea, know this. On the top the water may be warm. When the diver goes downwards, the sea becomes colder and colder. Another thing happens. When the diver goes deeper, the water above presses down on him. It squeezes him. Then the diver has to wear clothes made of metal. But he cannot go very deep. Some people who wanted to go very deep used a very strong diving ship! They went down to the deepest part of the sea in it. T。

职称英语考试理工类C级阅读真题及答案职称英语一般指全国专业技术人员职称外语等级统一考试，职称外语统一考试由人事部统筹规划、指导并确定合格标准。

考试考务工作的组织与实施由人事部人事考试中心负责。

考试每年举行一次，时间一般安排在3月最后一个星期，一般只在地级以上城市设立考点。

以下是理工类阅读部分真题及详解!试题The Development of BalletBallet is a dance form that has a long history. The fact that it survives to this day shows that it has adjusted as times have changed.Ballet began in the royal courts during the Renaissance. At that time it became common for kings and queens，as well as other nobility，to participate in pageants that included music，poetry，and dance. As these entertainments moved from the Italian courts to the French ones，court ladies began participating in them. Though their long dresses prevented much movement，they were able to perform elaborate walking patterns. It was not until the 1600s that women dancers shortened their skirts，changed to flat shoes，and began doing some of the leaps and turns performed by men.It was also in the 1600s that professional ballet began. King Louis XIV of France，himself a devoted dancer，founded the Royal Academy of Dance. The five basic feet positions from which all ballet steps begin were finalized. In the late 1700s another important change occurred. Ballet began to tell a story on its own. It was no longer simply dance to be performed between acts of plays. Elaborate wigs and costumes were eliminated. By the early 1800s dancers learned to rise on their toes to make it appear that they were floating.Classical ballet as we know it today was influenced primarily by Russian dancing. The Russians remained interested in ballet when it declined in other European countries in the mid -1800s. One of the most influential figures of the early 20th century was Sergei Diaghilev. His dance company，the Ballets Russes，brought a new energy and excitement to ballet. One of his chief assistants，George Balanchine，went on tofound the New York City Ballet in 1948 and to influence new generations of dancers.词汇:adjust / ?' d??st/v. 调整 eliminate /i'limineit/ v. 淘汰pageant / 'pæd? ?nt / n. 盛会 influential / influ'en??l/adj. 有影响力的注释:1. At that time it became common for kings and queens，as well as other nobility，to participate in pageants that included music，poetry，and dance. 在那时，芭蕾舞在国王、王后以及贵族之间变得普遍，并且与音乐、诗歌以及舞蹈一起参与到盛会的表演。

【经典资料，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可编辑修改】【经典考试资料，答案附后，看后必过，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可修改】第一部分：Smart WindowWindows not only let light in to cut down an electricity use for lighting, butthe light coming through the window also provides heat. However, windows are notsomething people typically associate with being a cutting edge1 technology.Researchers are now w orking on new t echnologies that enable a window to quickly change from clear to dark and anywhere in between with a flip of a switch2.“It took us a long time to figure out what a window really is,” says Claes Granqvist. He’s a professor of solid-state physics at Uppsala University in Sweden3. “It’s contact with the outside world. You have to have visual contact with thesurrounding world to feel well.” So, windows and natural light are important for improving the way people feel when they’re stuck indoors.Yet, windows are the weak link in a building when it comes to energy andtemperature control. In the winter, cold air leaks in. When it’s hot and sunn y, sunlight streams in. All of this sunlight carries lots of heat and energy. And allof this extra heat forces people to turn on their air conditioners. Producing blasts of cold air, which can feel so refreshing, actually suck up enormous amounts ofelectricity in buildings around the world.Windows h ave been a major focus of energy research for a long time. Over the years, scientists have come up with a variety of strategies for coating, glazing, andlayering windows to make t hem more energy efficient. Smart windows go a step further. They use chromogenic technologies which involve changes of color.Electrochromic windows use electricity to change color. For example, a sheet of glass coated with thin layers of chemical compound such as tungsten oxide works abit like a battery. Tungsten oxide is clear when an electric charge is applied anddark when the charge is removed, that is, when the amount of voltage is decreased,the window darkens until it’s completely dark after all electricity is taken away.So applying a voltage determines whether the window looks clear or dark.One important feature that makes a smart window so smart is that it has a sortof “memory.” All it takes is a small jolt of voltage to turn the window from onestate to the other. Then, it stays that way. Transitions take anywhere from 10 seconds to a few minutes, depending on the size of the window. The development of smart windows could mean that massive air conditioning systems may no longer need. “In the future,” Granqvist says, “our buildings may look different.词汇：flip n. & v. 用手指轻弹，轻击 tungsten oxide 氧化钨air conditioner 空调(器) jolt n. & v. 震摇，颠簸，晃动refreshing adj. 使人清爽的 electrochromic adj. 电致变色的glaze v. 装玻璃，上釉 voltage n. 电压chromogenic adj. 发色的 air conditioning 空调，空调系统注释：1. cutting edge ：本意为：(刀片的)刃口, 刀刃;比喻意为：最先进的，科技含量最高的。

职称英语理工类B级阅读理解真题及答案(第二篇)第4部分：阅读理解（第31——45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个选项。

第二篇Sports Star Yao MingIf YaoMing is not the biggest sports star in the world, he almost certainly thetallest. At 2.26m, he is the tallest player in the National BasketballAssociation (NBA) and holds the record as the most towering Olympian ever to competein the Game.But whatreally stands out about the giant center is his celebrity (名气). Few, if any, Chinese athletesare as well-known as Yao Ming around the world. People across the globe arefascinated with Yao, not only for his basketball prowess(接杰出的才能)but also for being a symbolof international commerce.When Yaojoined the Houston Rockets as the No. 1 pick in the 2002 NBA draft he was thefirst international player ever to be selected first. His assets on the courtare clear enough 一no NBA playerof his size has ever possessed his mobility, so he is a handful (难对付的人）for opponents on either end ofthe court. But what makes Yao invaluable to the Rockets organization is hisrole as a global citizen and as a bridge to millions of potential basketballfans in China.When itwas announced in February that Yao would miss the rest of the NBA season andpossibly the Olympics with a stress fracture (骨折）in his left foot, a collective shudder spread across China. Afterconsiderable debate and discussion, Yao opted to get his foot surgicallytreated in an operation that placed several tiny screws across the bone, tooffer his overburdened foot more support. The surgery was asuccess, and thoughthe estimated four-month recovery period will leave him little time to preparewith Team China. Yao has vowed to be ready for the Beijing Olympics.Yaowrapped up a 10-day trip to China, where he underwent a series of traditionalChinese medicine (TCM) treatments, hoping to accelerate his recovery process.Western experts are generally skeptical of TCM’s benefits, although newresearch from the University of Rochester suggests that a certain compoundderived from shellfish may indeed stimulate bone repair.“Thereis no reason to dismiss TCM, “ Yao told a press conference in Beijing. “It’sbeen used in our country for thousands of years. I don’t think that it’s shorton science.”36. Theword“towering”in Paragraph 1 meansA. large.B. fat.C. tall.D. great.答案：C37. Opponentsfind it very difficult to control Yao Ming because of hisA. mobility.B. assault.C. defense.D. celebrity.答案：A38. YaoMing had to undergo a series of TCM treatments becauseA. hisright foot had been hurting.B. he wanted to make a more rapid recovery.C. thesurgical operation had been a failure.D. hecouldn’t afford all the medical expenses.答案：B39. Whichstatement about Yao Ming is NOT true?A. He missed the Athens Olympics.B. Heis an NBA player.C. Hefractured his left foot.D. Heis an international figure.答案：A40. Ingeneral, the Western experts’ attitude towards TCM isA. indifferent.B. positive.C. negative.D. doubtful.答案：D。

（一）Ford abandons electric vehicles（福特放弃电动汽车）1.What have the Ford motor company, General Motor's and Honda done concerning electric cars?C They have given up producing electric cars.2. According to Tim Holmes of Ford Europe, battery-powered cars ?Bwill not be the main transportation vehicles in the future.3.Which' auto `manufacturers are still producing electric vehicles?A Toyota and Nissan.4.According to the eighth paragraph, hybrid cars ?C run more miles than petrol driven cars.5.Which of the following is true about the hope of car manufacturers according to the last paragraph?D The legislation will allow more low-emission to be produced.（二）World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict（世界原油产量可能提前十年达到峰值）1. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “Sparked”Appearing in paragraph 2?”Bstimulated2.The term “a bell shaped curve”appearing in paragraph 2 indicates that global oil production will ?D start to decline after global oil production peaks.3.Which of the following is NOT true of the Hubbert model?D It provides a very realistic and accurate oil production.4.What is the major achievement of the new study mentioned in the last paragraph? A It predicts global oil production will peak in 2018.5.Who develop the new version of the Hubbert model? B Kuwaiti scientists.（三）Citizen scientists（公民科学家）1. Ecologists turn to non-scientist citizens for help because they need them ?Cto collect data of the life cycle of living things.2.What are citizen scientists asked to do? BTo send their research observations to a professional database.3.In “All that's needed to become one ... (paragraph2)” , what does the word “one” standsfor ?Ba citizen scientist.4.What is NOT true of Project BudBurst? AOnly experts can participate in it.5 .What is the final purpose of Project BudBurst?DTo investigate how plants and animals will respond as the climate changes.（四）Motoring technology（汽车技术）1.What are researchers interested in doing as the road accidents worldwide increase to a shocking rate? CThey focus their research on safety and new fuels.2.According to the second paragraph, most road accidents happen ?B because drivers make mistakes.3.Which of the safety developments is NOT mentioned in the passage?D Windscreens that can help drivers to improve their vision.4.What is NOT the purpose of innovations that use satellite tracking and remote communications?CTo call for help when the car gets jammed in the traffic.5.What is true of robotic drivers? AIt will take some time before robotic drivers can be put to practicaluse.（五）Late-night drinking（在深夜饮咖啡）1.The author mentions "pick-me-up" to indicate that C coffee is a stimulant.2.Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep? C Caffeine halves the body's levels of sleep hormone.3.What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss? ADifferent effects of caffeinated coffee and decaf on sleep.4.What does the experiment mentioned in paragraph 4 prove? DCaffeine drinkers produce less sleep hormone.5.The author of this passage probably agrees thatBwe should not drink coffee after supper.（六）Making Light of Sleep（不要太在意睡眠）2018新增1 .The clock located inside our brains is similar to our bedside alarm clock because B it has a cycle of 24 hours.2. What is implied in the second paragraph? C Children before puberty tend to fall asleep earlier at night than adolescents.3. In the third paragraph the author wants to tell the reader that B staying up late has a bad effect on teenagers' ability to think and learn.4. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the fourth and fifth paragraphs? C Our internal clock as well as the alarm clock can be reset automatically.5. According to the last two paragraphs，what did the previous researchers think about the human eye's light-sensing system? B The human eye had one light-sensing system.（七）Sugar power for cell phones（用糖为手机发电）1. According to the first paragraph, when can we share our sweet drinks with our cell phones? CWhen the technology of a new type of fuel cell is suitable for mass production.2.What trouble did Minteer and Klotzbach have in their research?A They had trouble keeping enzymes in fuel cells active.3. According to Paragraph 5, electrons are released C when theenzyme oxidizes the glucose from a sugary liquid that goes through a pocket.4.What is exciting about the new fuel cells? BTheir limited power generation capacity is a good beginning.5.According to the last paragraph, what is NOT true of the new fuel cells? DIt will take some time before the new fuel cells can be used in popular products.（八）Eiffel is an eyeful（引人注目的埃菲尔铁塔）1. Why does the author think the EiffelTower is transformed into symbol' of a world on the move? BTourists of all nationalities come- to, scribble on the cold iron of the tower.2.What seems strange to the author? A Visitors prefer wasting time scribbling to enjoying the view.3.Which statement is NOT true of Hugues Richard? CHe climbed 747 steps up ,the tower in 19 minutes and 4 seconds4.What did the builder use the EiffelTower for? BConducting research in various fields.5.Which of the following is neatest in meaning to " (The Eiffel Tower is like) a blank canvas for visitors to make of it what they will" ? CVisitors can imagine freely what the tower represents. （九）Egypt felled by famine（埃及饱受饥荒折磨）1.Why does the author mention "pyramid builders"? DBecause even they were unable to rescue their civilisation.2.Which of the following factors was ultimately responsible for the fall of the civilisation of ancient Egypt?AChange of climate.3.Which of the following statements is true? D The White Nile and the Blue Nile are branches of the River Nile.4.According to Krom, Egypt's Old Kingdom fell A immediately after a period of drought.5.The word “devastating” in the last paragraph could be best replaced by B“damaging”（十）Young female chimps outlearn their brothers（年轻雌猩猩学习优于她们的弟兄）1.Why do young female chimps learn faster than young male chimps at -fishing for termites? B Because young female chimps begin to study their mothers earlier.2.What are the tools with which chimps fish, for termites?B Vegetation.3.Which of the following is .true about chimps fishing for termites according to paragraph 6?CFemales could get out more termites with every dip.4.How did the researchers explain the fact that boy chimps spent more time on playingD It will make them good fighters and hunters' in the future.5.According to the last paragraph, which of the following is NOT true? AAdult chimps hunt monkeys while young chimps fish for termites.（十一）The net cost of making a name for yourself（网上申请个人域名的费用）1.The domain name “. edu” is operated byBthe company Network Solutions.2.The .firm, .shop, .web, .arts, .rec, .info and .nom domains are NOT run byB the US government.3.Global Names of Singapore isB a registrar.4.How can a company. successfully register a name with the Internet?A It must pay up to $10,000 or a nonrefundable deposit.5.What is the meaning of the phrase "net cost" in the title?B The registration fee for a domain name on the Internet.（十二）Florida hit by cold air mass（佛罗里达遭受冷气团袭击）1.Which of the following statements is not meant in the first two paragraphs? BThe temperature in the United States except the South dropped below the freezing mark.2. According to the second paragraph, in which area( s) did.the temperature fall below zero? B Parts of interior South Florida.3.King's statement that "We brought shorts, T-shirt, and 1 had to go out and buy another coat.''shows thatA he was caught by the sudden cold.ernor Jeb issue the emergency order because he Cwanted to encourage trucks to transport as much fruit to market as possible.5.Which statement is NOT true according to the last paragraph?D Florida Citrus Mutual sprayed trees with sprinklers for citrus growers..（十三）Invisibility ring（隐形环）1.Harry Potter is mentioned in the passage, because scientistsC try to invent a device similar in idea to the invisible cloak he uses.2.What is true of microwaves?B Their wavelengths are longer than those of visible light.3.What is NOT true of the invisibility device?B Microwaves bounce off it when' they, strike it.''4.What does the word "coaster" mean in the passage?A disk or plate placed under a drinking glass to protect a table top.5.Harry Potter's invisibility cloak doesn't have any real competition yet, becauseC the cloaking device works only for, microwaves.（十四）Japanese car keeps match for drunk drivers（日本用来监视醉酒司机的新型概念车）1.Which of the following statements is NOT true of the Japanese concepts car? C It has sensors locked up in the ignition system.2.What has V olvo developed? BA breathalyzer attached to a car's seat belt.3.What is the. function of .the. camera. mentioned in Paragraph 4?A It monitors the driver's eyes-to see ,if he needs a rest.4.According to Doi,D Nissan aims to improve the detection technology to reduce the fatality rate.5.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 6?B The car will automatically keep to its lane.（十五）Winged robot learns to fly（肋生双翅机器人学飞行）1.Which of the following is NOT true of what is mentioned about the winged robot in the second paragraph?C The two professors of CUT programmed the data on' how the robot flapped its wings.2.How did the robot behave at the beginning of the test?B It twitched but gradually gained height.3.Which of the following is nearest to Peter, Bentley’s view onthe winged robot? A The winged robot- could never really fly4.What measured how much lift the robot produced?B A movement detector.5.What does “the process” appearing in the last paragraph refer to?D All the above.（十六）Japanese drilling into core of earth（日本人的地心旅行）1.According to the passage, Mount Unzen B erupted in 1991.2.According to the passage, the study of the MountUnzen volcano may benefit Japan in all the following aspects EXCEPTD predicting volcano eruptions.3.Why is- this research project so important to Japan?A Because Japan has many living volcanos.4.The drilling site on MountUnzen is ?C about half way up the mountain.5.The title of this passage Japanese Drilling into Core of Earth actually means that' theyAdrill a hole into the core of a volcano.（十七）A sunshade for the planet（地球防晒霜）1.According to the first two paragraphs, the author thinks thatC despite the difficulty, scientists have some options to prevent global warming.2.Scientists resist talking about their options because they don't want people to Cthink the problem has been solved.3.What does Stephen Schneider say about a heroin addict and methadone?A\Methadone is an effective way to treat a hard heroin addict. 4.What is Stephen Schneider's idea of preventing global warming? C\To apply sunscreen to the Earth:5.What is NOT true of the effectiveness of "sunscreen" , according to the last paragraph?D\It decreases greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.（十八）Thirst for oil（石油匮乏）3 1.”…will need to cure our addiction to oil.” Why does the author say so? D \Oil supply is decreasing.2.Which of the following statements is NOT meant by the author, according to the second paragraph?C \Coal is the most environmentally unfriendly fuel next-to oil.3.Which country is the biggest consumer of petroleum?A \The United States4.What do 'experts say about: the earth's fuel reserves?B \There will soon be an energy crisis.5.What is NOT, the result of consuming fossil fuels according to the' last paragraph? D\The sea level will go up.（二十）Explorer of the extreme deep（深海探索器）l .What is Alvin? C\A submersible.2.Which of the following statements is NOT a fact about Alvin?A \It can carry explorers as deep as 6,500 meters.3.“a world that is still full of mysteries” refers to C\the ocean4.In what aspects are the new HOV and Alvin similar? D\Shape.5.In what aspects are he new HOV and Alvin different. D\Both A and B.（二十一）Plant gas（植物，沼气的又一来源）1.What was scientists' 'understanding of methane?C\It was produced in oxygen-free environments.2.To test whether plants are a source of methane, the scientists created B\an environment with the same concentration of oxygen as the Earth has.3.Which statement is true of the methane emissions of plants inthe experiment? D\The higher the temperature, the greater the amount of methane emissions.4.Which of the following about methane is Not mentioned in the passage? D\Microbes in plants produce methane.5.What is the beneficial point of some microbes lconsuming, plant-produced methane?C\Less methane reaches the atmosphere（二十二）Snowflakes（雪花）1.What does Professor Libbrecht believe to be true?A\No two snowflakes' are exactly the same in shape.2.What do the simplest snow crystals look like?D\They are six-sided.3.What are the factors that affect the shape and growth rate, of a snow crystal? A \Humidity and temperature.4.It can be felt from the description in the 2nd paragraph that the author A\admires the beauty' of the snowflakes.5.Libbrecht is not' able toC\create snowflakes that are exactly alike.（二十三）Powering a city? It’s a breeze（风力发电，轻而易举）1.What are the symbols of the Netherlands according to the first paragraph? B\Wooden shoes and wooden windmills..2.Which statement best describes the urban turbine mentioned in the second paragraph? B\It is a high-tech machine designed to generate energy for urban people.3.The smallest models of an urban turbineC\can be' carried up to the rooftop without a crane.herlands leads in the urban turbine technology becauseD\the' Netherlands is 'a small country with a large population. 5.According to the last paragraph, what are the advantages of wind power technology? D\Both A and C.（二十四）Underground coal fires—a looming catastrophe （地下煤着火—即将来临的灾难）l.According to the first paragraph, one of the warnings given by the scientists is that C\poisonous elements released by the underground fires can pollute water sources.2.According to the third paragraph, what will happen when the underground heat does not disappear?A\Coal heats up on its own and catches ire and burns.3.What did Stracher analyze in his article published in the International Journal of Coal Ecology?D\Coal fires can have an impact on the environment.4.Which of the following statements about Paul Van Dijk is NOT true? B\He has detected and monitored underground fires in the Netherlands.5.According to the fifth paragraph, what is the suggested method to control underground fires? D\Cutting off the oxygen supply. （二十五）Eat to live（为生存而食）1.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?D \We have to begin dieting since childhood.2.Why does the author mention an elderly mouse in paragraph 2? B\To illustrate the effect of meager food on mice3.What can be inferred about completely normally fed mice mentioned' in the passage?D\They are more likely to suffer from inflammation4.According to the author, which of the following most interested the researchers? A \The mice that started dieting in old age.5.According to the, last two paragraphs,Spindler believes thatC\dieting is not a good method to give us health and long life. （二十六）Male and female pilots cause accidents differently （男女飞行员引起飞行事故的差异）1.What is the research at JohnsHopkinsUniversity about?B\Gender difference in relation to types of aircraft crashes2.Which of the statements is NOT true according to the second paragraph? D\Only mature pilots are studied to determine the gender differences in the reasons for aircraft crash.3.How did the researchers carry out their study? A\They studied the findings of several previous research projects.4.What is the most common circumstance of crash with female pilots? B\Loss of control on landing or takeoff and stalling.5.In the comparison of female and male pilotsD\male pilots are found to make more errors in decision-making. （二十七）Driven to distraction（）分散注意力驾驶1.Which statement is true of the description in the first two paragraphs? C\Coyne is not really driving so it is impossible for him to have hit the woman.2.What do researchers want to find out, according to the third and fourth paragraphs? D\All of the above.3.What are the preliminary results given in the fifth paragraph? C\In challenging driving situations, drivers do not have any additional mental energy to deal with something else.4.The sixth paragraph mainly state that the researchersD\want to determine the best ways of giving navigational information system.5.What kind of directions do men and women prefer?B\Men prefer more general directions and women prefer routedirections.（二十八）Sleep lets brain file memories（睡眠促使记忆归档存储）1.Which of the following statements-is nearest in meaning to the sentence “To sleep. Perchance tofile”?A\Does brain arrange memories in useful order during sleep? 2.What is the result' of the experiment with rats and mice carried 'out 'at RutgersUniversity?C\Somatosensory neocortex and hippocampus work together in memory consolidation.3.What is the relation of memory to glucose tolerance, as is indicatedby a research mentioned in paragraph 4?D\The poorer the memory, the poorer glucose tolerance.4.In what way is memory related to hippocampus shrinkage?B\The more hippocampus shrinks, the poorer one's memory. 5.According to the last paragraph。