政治与经济类词条翻译大全

indirect charge 间接费用indirect cost 间接成本Individual 单个的，个体的，单独的individual economy 个体经济individual enterprise 私人企业individual labour 个体劳动者individual operation 个体经营individual ownership 个体所有individual retirement account 个人退休金帐户Industrial policy 产业政策Industrial 工业的industrial revolution 产业革命Industrialization 工业化Industry 产业，行业aircraft industry 航空业automobile industry 汽车业banking industry 银行业basic industry 基础工业coal and mining industry 煤炭开采业construction industry 建筑业information industry 信息产业high－technology industry 高技术产业materials industry 材料业primary industry 第一产业secondary industry 第二产业service industry 服务业steel industry 钢铁业tertiary industry 第三产业transportation industry 交通运输业Inefficient operation 低效运营Inflation 通货膨胀inflation factor 通货膨胀因素inflation indexed security 通货膨胀指数债券inflation of credit 信用膨胀inflation rate 通货膨胀率Inflationary pressure 通货膨胀压力Information 信息information highway 信息高速公路information disclosure 信息披露information sources 信息资源infotmation system 信息系统Initial 初始的，最初的initial credit balance 初期贷方余额initial inventory 期初存货initial investment 期初投资initial public offering 股票首次公开上市initial stage 初级阶段Inland 内陆，国内，内地inland country 内陆国家inland industry 内陆工业inland provice 内陆省Innovation 革新Input 输入，投入input－output analysis 投入产出分析input－output model 投入产出模型input－output ratio 投入产出比率Inspection 检查，检验Installation expenses 安装费Instalment 分期付款Institute 研究所，学院，协会Institution 学会，协会，机构Institutional reform 体制改革，制度改革Insurance 保险credit insurance 信用保险insurance company 保险公司insurance coverage 保险范围insurance fund 保险基金insurance industry 保险业Intangible 无形的intangible assets 无形资产intangible capital 无形资本intangible property 无形财产Integration 企业合并，一体化integration of world economy 世界经济一体化Intellectual property rights 知识产权Intensive 集约的，精细的labour intensive industry 劳动密集型产业knowledge intensive industry 知识密集型产业Interest 利息，股利interest free deposit 无息存款interest free loan 无息贷款interest income 利息收益interest on principal 本息interest rate on deposits 存款利率interest rate risk 利率风险interest－rate cuts 利率下调interest－rate reductions 利率下调Intermediary 中间的intermediary agency 中介机构，中间机构intermediary bank 中介银行intermediary commerce 中介贸易intermediary market 中介市场Intermediate 中间的，半成品intermediate body 中介机构intermediate debt 中期负债intermediate term credit 中期信贷Internal 内部的internal audit 内部审计internal transfer price 内部转让价格internal－oriented economy 内向型经济internal rate of return 内部收益率International 国际的international accounting standard 国际会计标准international balance of payment 国际收支差额international bidding 国际招标international bond market 国际债券市场international capital market 国际资本市场international competitive ability 国际竟争能力international corporation 跨国公司international credit 国际信贷international economic integration 国际经济一体化international economic order 国际经济秩序international finance center 国际金融中心international financial market 国际金融市场international loans 国indirect charge 间接费用indirect cost 间接成本Individual 单个的，个体的，单独的individual economy 个体经济individual enterprise 私人企业individual labour 个体劳动者individual operation 个体经营individual ownership 个体所有individual retirement account 个人退休金帐户Industrial policy 产业政策Industrial 工业的industrial revolution 产业革命Industrialization 工业化Industry 产业，行业aircraft industry 航空业automobile industry 汽车业banking industry 银行业basic industry 基础工业coal and mining industry 煤炭开采业construction industry 建筑业information industry 信息产业high－technology industry 高技术产业materials industry 材料业primary industry 第一产业secondary industry 第二产业service industry 服务业steel industry 钢铁业tertiary industry 第三产业transportation industry 交通运输业Inefficient operation 低效运营Inflation 通货膨胀inflation factor 通货膨胀因素inflation indexed security 通货膨胀指数债券inflation of credit 信用膨胀inflation rate 通货膨胀率Inflationary pressure 通货膨胀压力Information 信息information highway 信息高速公路information disclosure 信息披露information sources 信息资源infotmation system 信息系统Initial 初始的，最初的initial credit balance 初期贷方余额initial inventory 期初存货initial investment 期初投资initial public offering 股票首次公开上市initial stage 初级阶段Inland 内陆，国内，内地inland country 内陆国家inland industry 内陆工业inland provice 内陆省Innovation 革新Input 输入，投入input－output analysis 投入产出分析input－output model 投入产出模型input－output ratio 投入产出比率Inspection 检查，检验Installation expenses 安装费Instalment 分期付款Institute 研究所，学院，协会Institution 学会，协会，机构Institutional reform 体制改革，制度改革Insurance 保险credit insurance 信用保险insurance company 保险公司insurance coverage 保险范围insurance fund 保险基金insurance industry 保险业Intangible 无形的intangible assets 无形资产intangible capital 无形资本intangible property 无形财产Integration 企业合并，一体化integration of world economy 世界经济一体化Intellectual property rights 知识产权Intensive 集约的，精细的labour intensive industry 劳动密集型产业knowledge intensive industry 知识密集型产业Interest 利息，股利interest free deposit 无息存款interest free loan 无息贷款interest income 利息收益interest on principal 本息interest rate on deposits 存款利率interest rate risk 利率风险interest－rate cuts 利率下调interest－rate reductions 利率下调Intermediary 中间的intermediary agency 中介机构，中间机构intermediary bank 中介银行intermediary commerce 中介贸易intermediary market 中介市场Intermediate 中间的，半成品intermediate body 中介机构intermediate debt 中期负债intermediate term credit 中期信贷Internal 内部的internal audit 内部审计internal transfer price 内部转让价格internal－oriented economy 内向型经济internal rate of return 内部收益率International 国际的international accounting standard 国际会计标准international balance of payment 国际收支差额international bidding 国际招标international bond market 国际债券市场international capital market 国际资本市场international competitive ability 国际竟争能力international corporation 跨国公司international credit 国际信贷international economic integration 国际经济一体化international economic order 国际经济秩序international finance center 国际金融中心international financial market 国际金融市场international loans 国际贷款International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织international monotary crisis 国际货币外危机international multilateral loans 国际多边贷款Internationalization 国际化internationalization of capital 资本国际化production internationalization 生产国际化Intervention 干预intervention by government 政府干预market intervention 市场干预state intervention 国家干预Introduction 介绍，引进introduction of foreign capital 引进外资introduction of foreign technology 引进外国技术Inventory 库存inventory account 库存帐inventory cost 库存成本inventory loss 盘亏，库存损失inventory shortage and overage 盘亏与盘盈inventory ahortage and apoilage 盘亏与毁损inventory turnover 存货周转just in time inventory 即时库存Investment 投资investment abroad 国外投资investment and trust company 投资信托公司investment enviroment 投资环境investment fund 投资基金investment in capital construction 基本建设投资investment in enterprise 对企业投资investment in outside unit 对外单位投资investment in stock 投资股票investment intention 投资意向investment pool 联合投资组织investment portfolio 投资证券组合investment strategy 投资战略investment target selection criteria 投资目标选择标准Invisible 无形的，帐外的，未列帐的invisible assets 帐外资产invisible capital 无形资本invisible loss 无形损失Invitation 招标，招待，邀请invitation for bid 招标Invoice 发票Issue 发行，签发issue a loan 发放贷款issue at par 按票面发行issue at the market price 按市价发行issue of government bonds 发行公债JJob 职业工作job opportunity 就业机会job security 工作保障job shop 加工车间Jobless 失业jobless rate 失业率Joint 共同的，联合的joint administration 联合管理joint creditor 连带债权人joint debtor 连带债务人joint enterprise 合办企业joint liability 共同债务，连带责任joint property 共同财产joint stock 合资，合股joint stock company 股份公司joint stock system 股份制joint tanancy 合伙租赁l joint venture 合资企业l Journal 日记帐，杂志l cash receipts journal 现金收入帐l journal entries 分类帐l ledger type journal 分类日记帐l The Wll Street Journal 华尔街日报l Judgment 审判，判决Junk bond 拉圾债券Justified price 合理价格KKeeping expenses 保管费Key 钥匙，重点的，关键的basic industries and key industries 基础产业和关键产业key project 重点项目Keynes 凯恩斯Keynesian economics 凯恩斯经济学Knowledge intensive industry 知识密集产业LLabour 劳动力，人工labour cost 劳务成本，人工成本labour contract 劳动合同labour efficiency 劳动效率labour force 劳动力labour intensive products 劳动密集型产品labour intensive project 劳动密集型项目labour market 劳动力市场labour representative 工人代表labour trouble 劳资纠纷labourunion劳动工会Lack 缺乏lack of capital 缺乏资金lack of labor 劳动力缺乏Land 土地land contract 土地合同land development 土地开发land expropriation 土地征用land law 土地法land owner 土地所有者land registration 土地登记land rent 地租land tax 土地税Large－scale 大型的large－scale enterprise 大型企业large－scale industrial group 大型工业集团Last in first out 后进先出Latent 潜在的latent assets 潜在资产latent capital 潜在资本latent demand 潜在需求latent productive capacity 潜在生产能力Law 法律，法规administrative law 行政法articles of law 法律条款bankruptcy law 破产法company law 公司法law agent 法定代理人law of increasing costs 成本递增规律law of supply and demand 供需法则Lawful 法的lawful money 法定货币lawful share 合法股份Lawsuit 法律诉讼Lawyer 律师Layoff 解雇Lay－offs 下岗人员Leader price 大户价，领导价Leading 领先的leading indicators 领先指标leading industr 领先行业leading share 主要股份Lease 租赁capital lease 资本租赁lease financing 租赁融资operating lease 经营融资Leased 租借的，租赁的政治与经济类英语翻译Deepening reform and opening up 深化改革扩大开放The theory of building socialism with Chinese 建设有中国特色的社会characteristics 主义理论The theory on the initial stage of socialism 社会主义初级阶段的理论One focus, two basic points 一个中心，两个基本点Focus on economic construction 以经济建设为中心Adhere to the four cardinal principles 坚持四项基本原则Adhere to reforms and opening to the outside world 坚持改革开放Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform, opening 抓住机遇，深化改革，wider to the rest of the world, promoting development, 扩大开放，促进发展，maintaining stability 保持稳定Whether it would be beneficial to developing socialist 是否有利于发展社会主义生产力productive forcesWhether it would be beneficial to enhancing the overall 是否有利于增强综合国力strength of the countryWhether it would be beneficial to raising people’s living 是否有利于提高人民生活水平standardTaking the socialist public ownership as the mainstay 以社会主义公有制为主体Common development of multi-economic sectors 多种经济成分共同发展Establishment of socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济的建立Deepening economic reform 深化经济改革Relationships among reform, development and stability 改革发展和稳定的关系Deepening of reform and promotion of development 深化改革与促进发展Economic growth and social progress 经济增长与社会进步Strengthen the position of agriculture 加强农业的基础地位Science and technology are the primary productive forces 科学技术是第一生产力Strengthen the socialist legal system 加强社会主义法制A series of policies and measures 一系列政策措施Reform and opening up policy 改革开放政策Reform measures 改革措施Speed up reform 加快改革Reform of economic system 经济体制改革Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革Strengthen the management of state-owned property 加强国有资产管理Reform of management of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革Reform of commodity circulation 商品流通体制改革Reform of foreign trade system 外贸体制改革Reform of personnel system 人事制度改革Reform of social security system 社会保险制度改革Reform of housing system 住房制度改革Planning system 计划管理体制Transferring the function of government 转换政府职能Open door policy 开放政策Open economy 开放经济Open-door to the outside world 对外开放Opening up 扩大开放Open domestic market 开放国内市场Introduce foreign capital, advanced technology and 引进外国的资金，先进技术和managerial experiences 管理经验Economic and technical development zone 经济技术开发区Special economic zones in coastal areas 沿海经济特区One country, two systems 一国两制Special administrative region 特别行政区Contract responsibility system with remuneration linked 家庭联产承包责任制to the householdNarrowing the gap between the rich and poor 缩小贫富差距Eliminate poverty 消除贫困Common prosperity 共同富裕ECONOMY AND MARKET ECONOMY 经济和市场经济Socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济Socialist sector of economy 社会主义经济成分State-owned economy 国有经济Non-state economy 非国有经济Collective economy 集体经济Individual economy 个体经济Coexistence of various economic composition 多种经济成分共存Sustained, rapid and sound economic development 持续，快速和健康的经济发展National economic budget 国民经济预算Comprehensive development of economy 经济综合发展Strategy for economic development 经济发展战略Theory of macroeconomic policy 宏观经济政策理论Macroeconomic decision 宏观经济决策Microeconomic phenomenon 微观经济现象Traditional planned economy 传统的计划经济Stimulate economic development 刺激经济发展Commodity economy 商品经济Market economy 市场经济Free market economy 自由市场经济Developed market economy 发达的市场经济Developing market economy 发展中的市场经济Emerging market economy 新兴市场经济Mature market economy 成熟市场经济Market economy country 市场经济国家Extensive economy 粗放型经济Intensive economy 集约型经济Transform the extensive economic 粗放型经济转变为mode into intensive one 集约型经济Mixed economy 混合经济Regional economy 地区经济Internal-oriented economy 内向型经济Closed economy 闭关自守经济Economic growth point 经济增长点Economic growth mode 经济增长方式Economic growth rate 经济增长率Economy measure 经济手段Diversified economy 多种经济，多样化经济Economic situation 经济形势Economic cycle 经济周期Economic fluctuation 经济波动Economic miracle 经济奇迹Economic take-off 经济起飞Economic recovery 经济复苏Economic potential 经济潜力Economic sanction 经济制裁Global economy 全球经济Economic globalization 经济全球化Integration of world economy 世界经济一体化International economic integration 国际经济一体化New international economic order 国际新经济秩序Multi-polarization of world economy 世界经济多极化Economic community 经济共同体MACRO-CONTROL 宏观调控Strengthen macro-control 加强宏观调控Soft landing 软着路Macro-economic situation 宏观经济形势Macro control and micro invigoration 宏观控制与微观搞活Control of overall volume and economic restructuring 总量控制与经济结构调整Tight control on investment in fixed assets 紧缩固定资产投资控制Tight financial and monetary policy 从紧的金融货币政策Moderately tight monetary policy 适度从紧的货币政策Moderately tight credit policy 适度从紧的信贷政策Loosening tight monetary policy 放松紧缩的货币政策Adequate amount of the money supply 适度货币供应量Excessive amount of currency issue 过度货币发行量Maintain monetary stability 保持货币稳定Cheap money policy 低息货币政策Adjustment of interest rate 利率调整Cut interest rate 降低利率Control of interest rate 利率控制Deflation policy 紧缩政策Market intervention 市场干预State intervention 国家干预Administrative interference 行政干预Administrative intervention 行政干预Administrative measure 行政措施Economy measure 经济手段Risk-control mechanism 风险控制机制Overheated economy 过热的经济Consumer price index 消费品价格指数Commodity price index 商品物价指数Retail price index 零售物价指数Average price index 平均物价指数Cost-of-living index 生活费用指数Control of inflation 通货膨胀控制Demand-pull inflation 需求拉动的通货膨胀Double digit inflation 两位数字通货膨胀Excessive inflation 过度的通货膨胀Galloping inflation 恶性通货膨胀Hyperinflation 极度通货膨胀Hidden inflation 隐性通货膨胀Structural inflation 结构性通货膨胀Stagflation 经济停滞型的通货膨胀Inflation factor 通货膨胀因素Inflation of credit 信用膨胀Inflation rate 通货膨胀率Inflationary pressure 通货膨胀压力Curb inflation 抑制通货膨胀Curb the real estate craze 抑制房地产热Development zone craze 开发区热Overall demand and supply 总需求和总供给Balance between supply and demand 供需平衡Supply and demand relation 供求关系Supply over demand 供过于求Supply exceeds demand 供过于求Economic crisis 经济危机Economic depression 经济萧条MANAGEMENT OF STATE-OWNED PROPERTY 国有资产管理Establish a system for the management, supervision 建立国有资产管理，监督和营运体系and operation of State assetsReform of management of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革Clearly defining property rights, specifying rights and 产权清晰，责权明确，政企分开，responsibilities, separating ownership from daily 管理科学management and adopting scientific managementRegulation on the supervision and management 国有企业监督管理条例of the state-owned enterprisesLaws and regulations on the administration of 国有资产管理法律法规state-owned propertyOperate independently, assume sole responsibility 自主经营，自负盈亏，自我发展，for its profits and losses, seek self-development 自我约束and self-relianceUphold the principle of separating the functions of 坚持政企分开的原则，转变政府government from those of enterprises and alter the 经济管理职能government’s role in economic managementSafeguard state property 保卫国有资产Preserve and increase value and prevent losses 保值增值防止流失Prevent the drain of State-owned property 防止国有资产流失Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革Definition of property rights 产权界定Clarification of property rights 明晰产权Registration of property rights 产权登记Annual checks of the registration of property rights 产权登记年检Certificate of title 产权证书Change of registration 变更登记Change of title 产权变更Transfer of property rights 产权转让Transaction of property rights 产权交易Property rights transfer agency 产权交易机构Inspection of assets 资产清查Re-evaluation of fixed assets 固定资产重估Asset appraisal 资产评估Productive assets 经营性资产Non-productive assets 非经营性资产Return on assets 资产收益Balance sheet 资产负债表Consolidated balance sheet 合并资产负债表Reform of State-Owned Enterprises国有企业改革Step up efforts to reform State-owned enterprises 加大国有企业改革力度Readjust and reorganize State-owned enterprises to 调整改组国有企业促进资产重组promote re-arrangement of assets and raise the 提高国有经济的总体素质overall quality of the State sector of the economyConcentrate on rejuvenating State-owned large 集中力量抓好国有大型企业和enterprises and enterprises groups 企业集团Develop trans-regional and inter-trade enterprise 发展跨地区跨行业的企业集团groupsReform, reorganization and upgrading 改革，改组和改造Re-organization, association, merger, joint 改组，联合，兼并，股份合作制partnership, leasing, contract operation 租赁，承包经营和出售and sell-offManage well large enterprises and adopt a flexible 抓好大的，放活小的policy towards small onesGive small State-owned enterprises greater freedom 放活国有小企业Standardize bankruptcy procedures, encourage 规范破产程序，鼓励企业兼并，merging of enterprises and promote re-employment 促进再就业Allow money-losing enterprise to merger 允许亏损企业兼并或破产or go bankruptDispersion of redundant employees 分流富余人员Re-employment funds 再就业基金Conscientiously strengthen the operation and 切实加强企业经营管理management of enterprisesStrengthen financial management of enterprises 强化企业财务管理Tighten control over extrabudgetary funds 加强预算外资金管理Increase capital and reduce debts through various 多渠道增资减债channelsStrive to help enterprises eliminate losses and 抓好企业扭亏增盈increase profitsDevelop various modes of operation and marketing 发展多种营销方式Alleviate enterprises’ social burdens 减轻企业的社会负担By tapping the potential and upgrading the 通过挖潜改造technologyMechanism for selecting the superior and eliminating 优胜劣汰机制the inferiorEnjoy more decision-making power 享有更多的决策权Allow employees to hold some shares 允许职工持股Give more productive enterprises the power to engage 给更多的生产企业自营出口权in export independentlyProtect the interests of the working class 保护工人阶级利益Technological upgrading 技术改造Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革Deepening of the reform of State-owned enterprises 深化国有企业改革Modern enterprise system 现代企业制度Reorganization of state-owned enterprises 国有企业重组Transform the enterprises’ management mechanismsof State-owned enterprises 转换国有企业经营机制Adjustment of industrial structure 行业结构调整Industrial policy 产业政策Support and develop large enterprises and release smallenterprises 支持发展大企业放开小企业Large and medium-sized State-owned enterprises can beturned into corporate enterprises 大中型企业可转变为股份公司Smaller enterprises can become shareholding co-operatives 小企业可转变为股份合作制Readjust the asset-liability ratio of state-owned enterprises 调整国有企业资产负债比State-owned independent accounting industrial enterprises 国有独立核算企业Pioneer enterprise 试点企业Enlarge the right of self-management 扩大自主权Optimize capital structure 优化资本结构Optimize resource allocation 优化资源配置Optimize investment structure 优化投资结构Recapitalization 调整资本结构Capital reorganization 资本重组Promote rational flow of property right 促进产权合理流动Reduce staff to improve efficiency 减员增效Investment risk mechanism 投资风险机制Project capital system 项目资本金制度Legal person responsibility system 法人责任制Responsibility for one’s own profit and loss 自负盈亏Enterprise contract management responsibility system 企业承包责任制Unreasonable economic structure 不合理的经济结构Unreasonable product structure 不合理的产品结构Repeated construction 重复建设Repeated introduction of foreign equipment and technology 外国设备和技术的重复引进Regional and departmental protectionism 地区和部门保持主义Government supervision 政府监督Operating strategy 经营战略Out-dated management styles 落后的管理方式Backward in management 管理落后Relying on government subsidy 依赖政府补贴Heavy social subsidy 沉重的社会补贴Heavy social burdens 沉重的社会负担Excessive production capacity 过剩的生产能力Merger and acquisition 兼并与收购Encourage merger 鼓励兼并Preferential policy for bankruptcy and merger 对破产和兼并企业的优惠政策Standardize bankruptcy procedure 规范破产程序Prevent false bankruptcy 防止假破产Construction of a multi-layer social security system 建立多层次的社会保障制度Re-employment projects 再就业工程Re-employment of redundant workers 富余职工再就业Laid-off workers 下岗职工ENTERPRISE AND COMPANY 企业和公司Central enterprise 中央企业Local enterprise 地方企业Backbone enterprise 骨干企业Large and medium enterprise 大中型企业State-owned enterprise 国有企业Enterprise solely funded by the State 国有独资企业State-owned firm 国有公司，国有企业Corporate enterprise 股份制企业Collective enterprise 集体企业Collective firm 集体企业，合作企业Township enterprise 乡镇企业Partnership enterprise 合伙企业Individual enterprise 个体企业Foreign-funded enterprise 外资企业Top 500 enterprises 最大500家企业Small business 小企业Primary industry 第一产业Secondary industry 第二产业Tertiary industry 第三产业Corporate Law 公司法Township Enterprise Law 乡镇企业法Independent legal entities 独立法人Board of directors 董事会Board of supervisors 监事会Shareholders conference 股东大会Entrepreneur 企业家Firm 公司，企业Company 公司Incorporation 公司Corporation 股份公司Group of enterprises 企业集团Conglomerate 企业集团，综合性大企业Company limited by shares 股份有限责任公司Controlling company 控股公司Holding company 控股公司Bank holding company 银行控股公司Company with limited liability 有限责任公司State-owned holding company 国家控股公司Public company 上市公司Private company 非上市公司Listed company 上市公司Overseas-listed company 境外上市公司Parent company 母公司Subsidiary company 子公司Group company 集团公司Large-scale industrial group 大型工业集团International conglomerate 跨国企业集团International corporation 跨国公司Multinational corporation 跨国公司Multinational market group 跨国市场集团Banking institution 金融机构Banking sector 银行部门Intermediary bank 中介银行Development bank 开发银行Commercial bank 商业银行Investment bank 投资银行Credit bank 信贷银行Cooperative bank 合作银行Mortgage bank 抵押银行Clearing bank 清算银行Credit union 信用社Non-bank financial institution 非银行金融机构Financing corporation 金融公司Securities company 证券公司Underwriting company 担保公司Loan and trust company 信托公司Insurance company 保险公司Life insurance company 人寿保险公司Utility company 公共事业公司MERGER AND ACQUISITION 兼并与收购Reorganization 重组Association 联合Merger 兼并Acquisition 收购Joint stock partnership 股份合作Leasing 出租Contract operation 承包经营Auction 拍卖Develop trans-regional and trans-industry enterprise groups 发展跨地区跨行业的企业集团Strategic acquisition 战略性收购Combination of enterprise 企业合并Concentric acquisition 集中收购Conglomerate merger 集团企业合并Consolidation by lease 租赁式合并Consolidation by merger 兼并式合并Leveraged buy-out (LBO’s) 杠杆收购Stock merger 股票兼并Vertical acquisition 纵向收购Vertical merger 纵向兼并Vertical consolidation 纵向合并Vertical integration 纵向合并Horizontal merger 横向兼并Horizontal acquisition 横向收购Horizontal combination 横向合并，同行业合并Horizontal integration 横向联合Acquisition cost 收购成本Acquiring enterprise 收购方企业Corporate reorganization 公司重组Bankruptcy Law 破产法Bankruptcy code chapter 7--- liquidation 破产法第七章清算Bankruptcy code 11 --- reorganization 破产法第十一章重组Act of bankruptcy 破产法案Antitrust Law 反托拉斯法Bankruptcy court 破产法庭Bankruptcy debtor 破产债务人Bankruptcy notice 破产公告Bankruptcy petition 要求宣布破产Declaration of bankruptcy 宣告破产Arrangement in bankruptcy court 破产法庭内的协调Arrangement out of bankruptcy court 不经破产法庭的协调Creditor’s equity 债权人权益Bankruptcy trustee 破产受托人Cre ditor’s meeting 债权人会议Creditor of bankruptcy 破产债权人MARKET AND COMPETITION 市场和竟争Commodity market 商品市场Securities market 证券市场Bond market 债券市场Stock market 股票市场Futures market 期货市场Options market 期权市场Property rights market 产权市场Capital market 资本市场Free market 自由市场Labour market 劳动力市场Flea market 跳蚤市场Bear market 股票市场的熊市Bull market 股票市场的牛市Market competition 市场竟争Market development 市场开发Market forecast 市场预测Market potential 市场潜力Market risk 市场风险Market share 市场份额Seller’s market 卖方市场Buyer’s market 买方市场Market abroad 海外市场Marketability 市场能力Marketable 销路好的Marketing channel 销售渠道Marketing strategy 销售战略Competition market 竟争市场Perfect competition 完全竟争Imperfect competition 不完全竟争Low-level competition 低水平竟争Monopolistic competition 垄断竟争Competitor 竟争对手Natural monopoly 自然垄断International monopoly 国际垄断Market 市场bear market 股票市场的熊市bond market 证券市场bull market 股票市场的牛市capital market 资本市场emerging market economic 新兴市场经济majority market economic 成熟市场经济market abroad 海外市场market analysis 市场分析market approach to fair market value 求得公平市场价值的市场法market competition 市场竟争market demand price 市场需求价格market development 市场开发market economy country 市场经济国家market factor 市场因素market forecast 市场预测market index 市场指数market information 市场信息market investigation 市场调查market potential 市场潜力market quotation 市场行情market replacement cost 市场重置成本market research 市场调查，市场研究market risk 市场风险market share 市场份额，市场占有率market value method 市价法market-oriented 面向市场的market-to-cost method 市价成本法property right market 产权市场seller’s market 卖方市场social market economy 社会主义市场经济stock market 股票市场Marketing 营销，市场销售marketing channel 销售渠道，市场渠道marketing cost 销售成本marketing manager 市场销售经理markrting strategy 市场经营战略marketing system 市场体系relationship marketing 关系营销Asset, Liability And Equity 资产,负债和权益Asset management 资产管理Tangible assets 有形资产Intangible assets 无形资产Physical assets 实物资产Fixed assets 固定资产Current assets 流动资产Current asset losses in suspense 待处理流动资产损失Deferred assets 递延资产Other assets 其它资产Total assets 总资产Net assets 净资产Book value of the assets 资产的账面值Non-ledger assets 帐外资产Asset account 资产账户Asset disposal 资产处置Asset depreciation 资产折旧Asset inventory shorts 资产盘亏Asset inventory surplus 资产盘盈Asset retirement 资产报废Asset revaluation 资产重估Capital assets 资本资产Monetary assets 金融资产Mortgage assets 抵押资产Long-term assets 长期资产Liability 负债Liability account 负债账户Direct liability 直接负债Current liability 流动负债Liability out of book 账外负债Long-term liability 长期负债Book debt 账面负债Asset liability ratio 资产负债比Owner’s equity 所有者权益Equity account 权益账户Stockholders’ equity 股东权益Preferred stock equity 优先股权益Cumulative preferred stock 积累优先股Non-cumulative preferred stock 非积累优先股Convertible preferred stock 可转换优先股Participating preferred stock 参加优先股Non-Participating preferred stock 非参加优先股Callable preferred stock 可赎回优先股Common stock equity 普通股权益Total equity 权益总额企业评价指标Assets Liabilities Ratio 资产负债率Quick Ratio 速动比率Current Ratio 流动比率P/E ratio 市盈率Current Liabilities to Net Worth 流动负债比净资产Total Liabilities to Net Worth 总负债比净资产Fixed Assets to Net Worth 固定资产比净资产Inventory Turnover Ratio 存货Assets to SalesSales to Net Working Capital 销售收入比流动资金净值。

2023年度国际政治经济词汇表一、全球化（Globalization）全球化是指经济、政治、文化等方面越来越多地超越国界限制，形成全球性的联系和整体化的趋势。

随着科技的进步和信息的快速传播，全球化在国际关系中扮演着重要的角色。

二、贸易战（Trade War）贸易战是指国家之间通过采取增加贸易壁垒、提高关税等手段进行的经济冲突。

贸易战对于全球经济发展和贸易伙伴关系产生了重大影响，加剧了贸易保护主义的风险。

三、信息技术（Information Technology）信息技术包括计算机科学、电子通信和网络技术等，是当代政治经济中不可或缺的一部分。

信息技术的迅速发展和应用，改变了人们的生活方式和商业模式，对国际政治经济格局产生了深远的影响。

四、可持续发展（Sustainable Development）可持续发展是指满足当前世代需求而不损害后世代发展的能力，涵盖了经济、社会和环境方面的平衡。

在国际政治经济领域，可持续发展成为推动全球合作和解决全球性挑战的重要议题。

五、数字经济（Digital Economy）数字经济是指以数字技术为基础，通过互联网和新兴技术推动的经济活动。

数字经济的快速发展催生了互联网经济、电子商务和智能科技等新兴行业，对全球经济结构和就业方式带来了革命性的变化。

六、人工智能（Artificial Intelligence）人工智能是计算机科学的一个分支，通过模拟和模仿人类智能的方法使计算机系统具有类似人类的认知能力。

人工智能技术的发展引发了对于就业与道德伦理等问题的讨论，同时也对全球政治和经济产生了深远的影响。

七、碳中和（Carbon Neutrality）碳中和是指在某个特定时间点或时间范围内，将所产生的碳排放总量与吸收或减排总量达到平衡。

碳中和被广泛认为是应对气候变化的有效手段，也是国际社会共同努力的目标之一。

八、一带一路（Belt and Road Initiative）一带一路是中国提出的推动国际合作的倡议，旨在通过互联互通、基础设施建设等方式促进沿线国家的经济合作。

政治经济类的词组和单词、短句这是本人平时收集以及上丁老师考研班上的一些笔记，希望对大家有所帮助。

如有错误之处，请大家给予指出，共同进步嘛，内容还要不断更新······经济类词汇1、auti-dumping反倾销2、venture capital风险资金/基金3、at double-digit rates以两位数增长…4、scale down 缩小规模5、auto exchange:二手车交易6、收购：acquire7、企业： business、firm、corporation、company、enterprise、8、跨国公司：international corporation、multi-national corporation、cross-national corporation、9、-oriented以…为导向的，重视… Ex. youth-oriented、export-oriented以出口为导向的、test-oriented education应试教育、quality education素质教育、10、State-run国营11、recall the product 召回产品recycle the product回收产品12、裁员：reduce the number of employee/staff、cut heads、fire、dismiss、discharge、lay sb off、give sb the sack、sack sb13、合作：team with、in partnership with、collaborate 14、经济周期: business/economic cycle15、商界: business/economic circle、the business world、the business community、the corporate world16、disposable income可支配收入17、in the possession of sb :in sb`s position 归某人所有/ in possession of sth 拥有某物(主动)/ take possession of 拥有18、长远看来: in the long term、in the long range、in the long run19、短期效果：results in the short run = its immediate results →immediate reason、immediate boss顶头上司、take immediate/prompt moves、20、industry pays off: it pays to be industrious勤奋是有回报的21、be sensitive to: be vulnerable to、be susceptible to易受到22、fund/finance the program为方案提供资金→initiate the program提出方案、→sponsor the program赞助方案、23、economic prospect: financial 24、target user: intended user目标用户25、evade taxes: tax evasion逃税26、General Motors 通用汽车27、part-timer兼职工28、She is in the red.她正在亏损。

Conductive to 有助于博爱universal brotherhood international reserve currency 国际储备货币protectionist trade policy贸易保护主义政策intellectual property rights 知识产权independent innovation 自主创新basic state policy 基本国策well-off society 小康社会High Commissioner 钦差大臣sue for peace 求和open ports to foreign trade 开放通商口岸consular jurisdiction 领事裁判权unilateral most- favoured- nation treatment 最惠国待遇special right 特权semi-colonial and semi-feudal 半封建，半殖民地privileges 优惠indemnities 赔偿concessions 租界the Sino-Japanese war of 1894甲午中日战争scholars知识分子reformists维新派diehards顽固派submit a memorial to上书feudal autocracy封建专制Empress Dowager CiXi 慈禧太后put sb under house arrest 软禁narrowly escape侥幸逃脱Dr .Sun Yat-sen 孙中山基本着眼点the basic focus连续性continuity / consistency力度intensity搞好宏观调控to ensure macro- control 防范于未然forestall and possible trouble积极的财政政策proactive fiscal policy 稳健的货币政策prudent monetary policy阶段性政策interim policy建设国债construction treasury bonds 国债投资funds from the sale of treasury bonds向---倾斜direct towards社会事业social undertakings东北地区等老工业基地northeast China and other old industrial basis增收节支increase revenue and reduce expenditure国际收支平衡international payments 人民币交换率exchange rate for RMB 以市场为导向guided by market forces 信息发布机制information release system抓紧制定quickly formulate严格市场准入enforce market admittance strictly限期改造upgrade within a specified time整顿规范rectify and standardize改扩建工程rebuilding and expansion projects时机opportune moment出台政策introduce policies产业结构industrial structure人力物力财力资源human, material and financial resources自主知识产权proprietary intellectual property rights国家振兴national revival装备制造业equipment manufacturing industry大力发展energetically develop缓解当前矛盾alleviate the current disparities重要的原材料important raw and processed materials交通运输干线transport trunk lines提高资源利用效率use resources more efficiently节约型社会conservation-minded society弄虚作假Resort to deceptive means墨守成规get into a rut明察秋毫be aware of the minutest detail in everything鸣锣开道牟取暴利clear the way for to reapcolossal profit科教兴国战略strategies in rejuvenating the nation through science and technology科技成果转让transfer of scientific and technological achievements环境绿化environment greening环境污染管理environmental pollution control放射性废物处理radioactive waste treatment选举与被选举权have the right to vote and stand for election颁布实施promulgate and put into effect 跑官要官angle for official positions吃大锅饭eat from the same big pot唱高调have the highest sounding brass 据有关人士透露according to people concerned从－角度定义defined in—terms从切身利益from immediate interests 医疗卫生medicine service妇幼保健maternal and child health care少年犯juvenile delinquents高朋distinguished guests第一条article 1第一款section 1条款一clause 1德智体全面发展all- round development of morality,intelligence and physique高等学校institutions of higher learning 社会力量social forces在某――方面in terms of \ in respect of \on the--plane化解break down最高人民法院the Supreme People’s Court最高人民检查院the Supreme People’s Procuratorate五伦five cardinal relationships军事对峙military confrontation炎黄子孙the Chinese descendants仗义执言speak out from a sense of justice 孙中山Yat-sen以公有制为主体，多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度the basic economic system in which the public sector plays a dominant role while multiple sectors are also allowed to play their pars for common progress共同发展common progress在这一背景下under such circumstances社会保障体系social security system拉动经济增长bring about economic progress全方位in all sectors and at all levels人均国内生产总值per capita GDP加强做――的力度intensify our efforts in不完善的inadequate不发达的undeveloped新民主主义革命new- democratic revolution社会变革social transformation建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation社会主义初级阶段the primary stage of socialism基本理论，路线，纲领the basic theory, line and program改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside world中国共产党十一届三中全会the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China党的第一代中央领导集团the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first generation国民经济体系national economic system国内生产总值the gross domestic product独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace经济基础economic base有理想，有道德，有文化，有纪律的公民citizens with lofty ideals ,moral integrity ,better education and good sense of discipline依法治国和以德治国the rule of law and the rule of virtue反对和抵制拜金主义，享乐主义combat and resist money worship and hedonism立党为公，执政为民work for the public and assume power for the people 解放思想，实事求是emancipate the mind and seek truth from the facts主观主义subjectivism民主集中制，党内民主democratic centralism ,inner-party democracy从粗放型经济转变成集约经济shift from extensive economic mode to intensive one促进全球经济一体化foster the global economic integration择优on the basis of merits自重，自省，自励self-discipline, self-examination and self-motivation以权谋私to abuse power for personal gains贪赃枉法take bribes and bend the law 小康社会well -to-do society小康生活well –to-do life四项基本原则the Four Cardinal Principles台独Taiwan’s independence工作策略the working tactics按劳分配distribution according to one’s performances把握大局grasp the overall situation 维持国民经济发展的良好势头maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy保健食品hearth-care food奔小康strive for a relatively comfortable life地方保护主义regional protectionism不可再生资源non-renewable resources不正之风bad practice摆脱贫困shake off poverty闭关政策closed-door policy超前消费pre-mature consumption大专文凭associate degree党风建设construction of the Party conduct统筹兼顾make overall plans and take all factors into consideration效率优先，兼顾公平give priority to efficiency with consideration to fairness 以人为本people-oriented\ people foremost优势互补have complementary advantages与时俱进advance with the times知识经济knowledge-based economy 综合国力comprehensive national strength支柱产业backbone industry职能转换transformation of functions 振兴中华revitalize the Chinese nation 减员增效downsize for efficiency素质教育education for all-round development赢得市场gain a larger share of the market定向培训training for specific posts使中国经济信息化to base China’s economy on information使中国经济走向世界to make China a more active economic player in the world持续，稳定，协调发展sustained ,stable and coordinated development突发新闻breaking news要闻cover story深度报道feature story小老板lesser boss长江三角洲the Yangtze River Delta Area热销sell like hot cakes表演舞台give full play to their talents 向－致以诚挚的敬意humbly pay tribute to sb科学发展观scientific outlook ondevelopment中国特色社会主义socialism with Chinese characteristics科学技术是第一生产力science and technology constitute a primary productive force最低生活补助substance allowance学龄儿童school-age children奢侈浪费extravagance人民代表大会制度the system of people’s congress改革开放the policy of reform and opening-up工人阶级的先锋队the vanguard of Chinese working class中国最广大人民的根本利益the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people人民民主专政People’s democratic dictatorship以经济建设为中心to make economic development our central task富强，民主，文明的社会主义现代化国家prosperous ,strong ,democratic and culturally advanced modern socialist country民族区域自治regional autonomy of ethnic minorities霸权主义与强权政治hegemonism and power politics防腐拒变resist corruption ,prevent degeneration永不僵化，永不停滞stay away from rigidity and stagnation不为任何风险所惧fear no risks正确处理改革，发展和稳定的关系to balance reform ,development and stability高度集中的计划经济highly centralized planned economy充满活力的社会主义市场经济robust socialist market economy以――为指导to follow the guidance 经济实力大幅提升economic strength increased substantially改革开放取得重大突破major breakthroughs are made in reform and opening up提高经济效益to improve economic returns降低消耗to reduce consumption of resources二氧化硫排放the discharges of sulfur dioxide顺应时代潮流keep up with the trend of the times增长方式pattern of growth经受住金钱，美色的考验to withstand the test of money and sexual temptation――届全国人大――次会议the –Session of the –National People’s Congress救国救民的道路 a path of salvaging the country and the nation举手表决to vote by a show of hands 开拓创新精神the pioneering and innovative spirit可持续发展sustainable development 傀儡政府puppet government立场坚定to take a firm stand廉洁奉公to be honest in performing one’s official duties廉正建设to build a clean a honest government行政处分administrative discipline punishment一个中心，两个基本点one central task and two basic points一切向钱看to put money above all else独生子女the only child in one’s family产粮大省granary province产品科技含量technological elements of a product长江中下游the middle and lower reaches of Chang jiang River第三产业the tertiary industry无烟工业smokeless industry解决民生问题improve people’s well-being水利枢纽water control project西藏自治区Tibet Autonomous Region liti青藏高原Qinghai-Tibet Plateau西电东送the diversion of electricity from the western to the eastern regions 台湾是中国不可分割的一部分Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory西部打开发the development of the west regions扩大内需to expand domestic demand 应试教育education-oriented education人才枯竭exhaustion of human resources记者招待会press conference财政拨款financial allocation脱贫致富shake off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity国际惯例international practice合资企业the joint venture特别行政区special administrative region安全第一,预防为主safety first , precaution crucial安慰奖consolation prize颁奖大会award presentation ceremony报销apply for reimbursement闭关政策closed-door policy边远地区remote and border areas秉公办案handle cases impartially秉公执法enforce laws impartially不承诺放弃使用武力not under take to renounce the use of force财务公开keep the public informed of the financial affairs城市规划urban planning城市垃圾city refuse持平hold the line充分利用两个市场，两种资源fully utilize both domestic and international markets and resources促进社会全面进步to promote the social progress in an all-round way恶性循环vicious circle 发展是硬道理development is the absolute need房地产市场 real estate market奉公守法abide by the law and social discipline富民政策policy to enrich people革命老区old revolutionary base areas 基层工作grass-roots work继往开来to continue the past and open up th future加强农业基础地位strengthen the position of agriculture as the foundation of the economy建立公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序to build a fair and rational new international political and economic order脚踏实地to be down-to-earth劳动力就业问题the problem of employment on the labor force经过长期不懈的努力through protracted and unremitting efforts经济封锁economic blockade经济技术开发区economic and technological development zone经济机制economic mechanism跨世纪工程trans-century project扩大中等收入者比重raise the proportion of the middle-income group 拉动经济增长to fuel economic growth 劳动合同制度labor contract system历史遗留下来的问题issue rooted in the history立体农业three-dimension agriculture 两岸三地the mainland ,TW and HongKong两个文明一起抓place equal emphasis on material and ethical progress两岸关系the relations across the TW straits乱收费arbitrary charges森林覆盖率forest coverage rate睦邻友好关系good-neighborly and friendly relations扭亏为盈turn losses into gains贫富悬殊wide gap between the richand the poor三农问题issues concerning agriculture countryside and farmers人才储备reserve of talents取信于民attain the people’s trust去伪存真get rid of the fake and retain the genuine求同存异seek common ground while reserving differences切身利益vital interests升级换代to update and upgrade时代的必然要求the inevitable demand of the times试点工程pilot project乡镇企业township enterprises退耕还林to convert cultivated land to forest事业单位public institution市政工程municipal works以经济建设为中心focus on economic construction深化改革，扩大开放deepen reform and expand opening up走出困境extricate oneself from a predicament艰难进取make progress through arduous efforts一往无前press forward with an indomitable will万难不屈yield no difficulties百折不挠keep ion fighting in spite of repeated setbacks受尽屈辱suffer all kinds of humiliation职业道德professional ethics加强社会主义法制建设strengthen the establishment of socialist legal system经济增长与社会进步economic growth and social progress多种经济成分共同发展common development of multi-economic sectors 沿海经济特区special economic zones in coastal areas社会保障制度social security system 新兴市场经济emerging market economy传统计划经济traditional planned economy国民经济预算national economic budget持续，快速，健康的经济发展sustained ,rapid and sound economic development非国有经济non-state economy国有经济state-owned economy消除贫困eliminate poverty加强宏观调空strengthen macro-control经济共同体economic community世界经济多极化multi-polarization of world economy多样化经济diversified economy经济增长点economic growth point经济增长率economic growth rate地区经济regional economy混合经济mixed economy物价指数price index过热的经济overheated economy | 市场干预market intervention紧缩政策deflation policy利率调整adjustment of interest rate 过度货币发行量excessive amount of currency issue适度从紧的货币政策moderately tight monetary policy救济金relief fund供过于求supply exceeds demand供需关系relation between supply and demand抑制房地产热curb the real estate craze经济效益economic efficiency实际收益real earnings政府债券government bond慈善基金benevolent fund财政补助financial aid预期收益expected earnings独家代理exclusive agency现代企业制度modern enterprise system大中型企业large and medium-sizeenterprises扩大自主权expand the right of self-management合格产品eligible product侵犯个人隐私invasion of privacy以和平方式解决国际争端to settle international disputes by peaceful means 流动资产floating assets人才交流talents exchange生活补助living subsidies发挥个人潜力give full play to one’s potential集思广益pool one’s wisdom精简机构streamline government organs扰乱社会秩序disturb the social order 目无法规defy the law and social disciplines要求索赔claim compensation卫生环境sanitary environment国家凝聚力the cohesion force of country文化底蕴the rich cultural deposits生活保障guarantee of life下岗人员the laid-off workers符合民心accord with\echo the aspiration of the people尊重人民首创精神respect the people’s initiative开辟道路blaze a rail of --实践永无止境practice knows no bond勇于变革，勇于创新make bold changes and innovations集中体现 a concentrated expression 同――一脉相承in the same line with立足――fully recognize the basic reality ---统筹兼顾各方面利益accommodate the interests of all parties人民日益增长的物质文化需要同落后的社会生产力之间的矛盾the gap between the ever-growing material and cultural needs of the people and the low level social productive forces 自甘落后resign to backwardness脱离实际，急于求成unrealistic pursuit of quick results着力解决spare no effort to solve全面提高对外开放水平to improve the work of opening up in an all-round way文明素质ethical standards弘扬良好的思想道德风尚promote\uphold moral integrity惠及――benefit---不安宁的世界 a world far from being tranquil增强忧患意识to enhance the sense of urgency居安思危think of danger in times of peace前进道路上的困难与风险difficulties and risks that may arise on our road ahead全国各族人民the people of all ethnic groups of the country紧密团结在党中央周围rally closely around the Party Central Committee万众一心work with one heart and one mind in a joint在曲折中amid twists and turns。

时事政治术语词汇中英文对照civil partnership：民事伴侣关系witness：证人deploy：部署hard line：强硬路线lash out：严厉斥责clinical trial：临床试验abstention：弃权stoppage：中止；中断vaccinate：接种疫苗detonate：引爆；爆炸mascot：吉祥物cull：扑杀field work：实地考察riot：骚乱；暴动derail：脱轨；出轨stampede：蜂拥；踩踏stamp out：扑灭runoff：决定性竞选adjournment：延期；休会trilogy：三部曲touch down：着陆；落地Low profile：低调的形象cold front：冷锋blast off：发射；升空launch pad：发射台relief：救济；救济品aftershock：余震mire：陷入困境mastermind：策划felony：重罪hearing：听证会bear down on：逼近power-for-money deal：权钱交易exit poll：投票后民调standoff：僵局theme park：主题公园hunt down：追捕直至抓获tenure：任期bustling：熙熙攘攘的overshadow：投上阴影hands-on：亲自参与deplore：深表遗憾hordes of：成群的death toll：死亡人数sexual harassment：性骚扰constitution：宪法deliberate on：审议martyr：烈士；殉难者military exercises：军事演习clamp down on：施压于；压制Fatality：死亡；宿命Cruise missile：巡航导弹Whopping：巨大的Reconnaissance：侦察，踏勘Touch down：着陆，降落Smother：使熄灭，使窒息Haze：薄雾Remand：还押，押候Submarine：潜艇Sticking point：症结Protracted：延长的Bloodthirsty：残忍的Amphibious assault vehicle：水陆两用装甲车Surveillance：监视，监督Recess：休会；暂时中断Jetliner：喷气式客机Downpour：倾盆大雨Half brother：异父或异母兄弟Desolate：荒凉的，无人烟的Compare notes：交换意见Drought：旱灾；干旱季节Erode：腐蚀；使减少、减弱Defending champion：卫冕冠军Hunger strike：绝食抗议Disaffected：不忠的，不满的Seal off：封锁，阻隔Strand：使陷于困境Tribunal：特等法庭Sabotage：蓄意破坏Devout：虔敬的，诚恳的Operation：军事行动Shucks：歉意，失望Hand out：分发，施舍Rear-end：追尾Shed light on：使某事清楚Overrun：蹂躏，侵占Barbed：有刺的Margin of error：误差幅度Disarmament：裁军，解除武装Head for：动身，前往Double-decker：双层巴士Outskirts：市郊，郊外Edge out：微微胜过Anonymity：匿名，无名Blistering：酷热的Envoy：外交使节，特使Launch window：发射时限Upbeat：乐观的，愉快的Disrespectful：失礼的，无礼的Aggression：侵略；挑衅美国政治术语全记录之英汉对照(A-G)academic freedom：(学术自由) affirmative action:(弱族辅助行动) AFL-CIO：Abbreviation for the American Federation of Labor–Congress of Industrial Organizations, (美国联邦工会)Alaskan pipeline：(阿拉斯加石油运输管道)alderman：(AWL-duhr-muhn) A member of a city council. 市政代表American Civil Liberties Union：美国民权自由同盟.American Dream：美国梦American Legion：美国老兵会antitrust legislation：反托拉斯立法apportionment：议会席位分配appropriation：拨款arbitration：仲裁Atomic Energy Commission：原子能委员会attorney general of the United States：美国司法部长block grant: 一种联邦对各州的拨款blue laws:蓝色法令,通常是限制酒吧及酒类在星期天营业或销售的法令. branches of government:政府各部门broad construction:广义解释(指对宪法) busing:公车接送学生.(反种族歧视的手段之一)cabinet:内阁, 包括14个联邦政府部长campaign finance reform:竞选资助改革capital offense:死罪, 包括谋杀和叛国罪等可能被判死刑的犯罪capital punishment:死刑Capitol Hill:国会山caucus:(KAW-kuhs) 美国的党代会Central Intelligence Agency:中央情报局checks and balances:(权力)制衡civil liberties:民事自由civil rights:民事权利clear and present danger:显而易见的危险(一种限制言论自由的标准.) closed primary:闭锁式初选，排他性预选cloture:(KLOH-chuhr) 以表决结束辩论coattail effect:裙带关系影响commander in chief:全军统帅(指战争状态的总统)confirmation hearings:确认听证Congress:国会Congressional Record:国会记录. conscientious objector:拒服兵役者Constitution, United States:美国宪法. containment, policy of:牵制外交政策contempt of Congress:藐视国会contempt of court:藐视法庭court of appeals:上诉法院cruel and unusual punishment:异常酷刑dark horse:黑马de facto segregation:种族隔离defendant:The party that is being sued in court. (Compare plaintiff.)Democrat:民主党员.Department of Agriculture:农业部Department of Commerce:商业部Department of Defense:国防部, 总部设在Pentagon.(五角大楼) Department of Education:教育部Department of Energy:能源部Department of Health and Human Services:健康及公共事业部Department of Housing and Urban Development:住宅及城市发展部Department of Justice:司法部Department of Labor:劳动部Department of State:国务院,(与中国不同,该相当于外交部,首脑叫国务卿(secretary of state.)Department of the Interior:内务部Department of the Treasury:财政部Department of Transportation:交通部Department of Veterans Affairs:退役军人事务部direct primary:一种选举程序,中国无对应的名词,遂附英语原注释An election in which voters choose candidates to run on a party’s ticket in a subsequent election for public office. district attorney:地区检控官(律师) dollar diplomacy:美元外交domino theory:多米诺理论(指对一个主要的共产党国家失去控制将导致区域性共产主义运动.donkey:驴,民主党的徽记double jeopardy:双重处罚,指在统一管辖范围对统一犯罪审判两次.该属宪法禁止的.draft:抓壮丁式的征兵draft dodger:逃壮丁者Drug Enforcement Administration:毒品管理署due process of law:正当审判原则, 指公民未经正当合法的司法程序不得被剥夺生命,自由和财产.E pluribus unum:众多中的一个.(拉丁语美国格言,印在美国货币上)Eastern Establishment:东部权势集团Electoral College:选民代表(选民选出的再投票代表们)elephant:象(共和党党徽) entitlements:联邦资助项目(复) Environmental Protection Agency:环保署Equal Employment Opportunity Commission:平等就业机会委员会equal opportunity:机会平等(教育,就业,人权等方面)equal protection of the laws:法律面前人人平等Equal Rights Amendment:平权修正案equal time:指政党代表在电视,电台辩论发言时间均等ex post facto:溯及既往ex post facto law:溯及既往的法律 (为宪法所禁止)executive branch:执行部门farm bloc:国会里的农业集团favorite son:最佳候选人Federal Bureau of Investigation:联邦调查局federalism:联邦制fellow traveler:同党felony:重罪Fifth Amendment:第五修正俺filibuster:为阻挠议事而进行的冗长发言First Amendment:第一修正案Foggy Bottom:雾底(美国国务院的昵称,取自原座落地名)Foreign Relations Committee:对外关系委员会Foreign Service:住外事务处,(外交使团的总称)Fourteenth Amendment:十四修正案. franchise:政治上指投票权freedom of assembly:集会自由freedom of association:结社自由freedom of religion:宗教自由. freedom of speech:言论自由. freedom of the press:新闻自由friend of the court:指法庭顾问gay rights:同性恋权利.gender gap:性别隔阂.指男女之间日见明显的投票倾向的差异gerrymander:指执政党为保持选举优势采取的重划选区以削弱反对党选民范围的方法.Good Neighbor policy:罗斯福对拉丁美洲的好邻居政策GOP:Abbreviation of Grand Old Party, 大老党,共和党的别称grand jury:大陪审团guilt by association:连坐gunboat diplomacy:炮舰外交habeas corpus:人身保护hawks and doves:鹰派与鸽派hearsay:传闻homicide:他杀(有合法非法之分) House of Representatives:众议院hung jury:未作出裁决的陪审团政治用语英汉翻译马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、江泽民“三个代表”重要思想Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin “Three Represent’s”important Thought新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure 社会主义制度socialist system社会变革social transformation建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory, line and program of our Party in theprimary stage of socialism改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China马克思主义政党Marxist political Party 党的第一（第二、第三）代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first (second\third)generation人民民主专政the people’s democratic dictatorship国民经济体系national economic system综合国力aggregate national strength 国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP)独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace 马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China加强和改进党的建设，不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality“三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。

常见政治经济类词汇精选安居工程 Housing project for low-income urban residents按揭贷款 Mortgage loan按劳分配 Distribution according to one ’s performance搬迁户Relocated families办实事 Bring tangible benefits to半拉子工程 Uncompleted project保持国民经济发展的良好势头Maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy保税区 The low-tax ,tariff-free zone; bonded area不良贷款 Non-performing loans菜篮子工程 Shopping Basket Program拆迁补偿费 Compensation for demolition承包土地 Contracts for land management/contract farming城乡职工医疗保险制度改革Medical insurance for urban workers城镇住房制度改革Reform of the urban housing system出口创汇能力Capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports出口退税制度The system of refunding taxes on exported goods;export(tax)rebate出口转内销 Domestic sales of commodities originally produced for exports 传统产业 Conventional industries春运 (Passenger)transport during the Spring Festival辍学率 Dropout rate粗放式管理 Extensive management促进公平分配Promote fair distribution of social wealth促进经济一体化Foster integration with the global economy打假Crack down on counterfeit goods大满贯 Grand slam大学生创业 University students ’ innovative undertaking||University s t u d e nt s starting business待业 Job-waiting倒票 Speculative reselling of tickets盗版 VCD Pirated VCD盗用公款 Embezzlement低调 Low keyed低生育水平 A low fertility level低水平重复建设Low-level redundant d evelopment地方保护主义Regional protectionism第八个五年计划The Eighth Five-year plan第三代移动电话 (3G 手机) Third generation mobile; 3G mobile调控宏观经济运行Regulate operation of the macroeconomy豆腐渣工程 Jerry-built project独立和平的外交政策Independent foreign policy of peace 对外招商 Attract foreign Investment多种形式的保障制度Different forms of security system 发展不平衡 Disparate development知识产权 Intellectual property rights经济增长 8% economy to grow by 8%国内生产总值GDP（Gross Domestic Product ）实践“绿色GDP”the practice of “Green GDP ”健康、快速发展to drive ahead sound and fast结构调整 structural adjustment国家外汇储备State foreign exchange reserves贸易顺差 trade surplus积极的财政政策 a proactive fiscal p olicy适度宽松的货币政策 a moderately easy monetary policy 通胀预期 inflation expectations稳定物价总水平keep the overall level of prices stable地方财政预算local government budgets连续四年 For four years in a row比上年增加 a year-on-year increase每人的，人均的 per capita小康社会 moderately prosperous society宏观调控 macroeconomic regulatory扩大内需 boosting domestic demand人均纯收入 net per capita income户籍制度改革 reform of household registration system 培育新的经济增长点fostering new areas of economic growth国际收支状况 balance of payments房价过快上涨 precipitous rise of housing prices。

社会政治与经济类英语热点词块翻译(4)NNational 国家的，国民的national accounting firm 全国性会计公司national assets 国家资产national balance sheet 国家资产负债表national bank 国家银行national bond 国家债券national brand 国家名牌national capital 国家资本national debt management 国债管理national economic budget 国民经济预算national economic plan 国民经济计划national finance 国家财政national e 国民收入national insurance 国家保险national monopoly 国家垄断national policy 国家政策national treatment 国民待遇Nationalization 国有化nationalization of enterprise 企业国有化nationalization of munication 通信国有化nationalization of railroad 铁路国有化Nationalize 收归国有Nationalized 国有化的nationalized bank 国有银行nationalized monopoly 国有化垄断Natural 自然的，天然的natural calamities 自然灾害natural capital 自然资本natural economy 自然经济natural resources 自然资源Negative 负的，相反的negative assets 负资产negative capital 负资本negative credit 负信用negative factor 负因素negative growth rate 负增长率negative vote 反对票Negotiate 商谈，谈判negotiated 商谈的Negotiating 买卖谈判negotiating terms 买卖谈判小组Negotiation 谈判Net 净的net amount of operating loss 营业损失净额net assets 净资产net assets value per share 每股资产净值net balance 净差额net book value of fixed assets 固定资产帐面净值net capital gain 资本净收益net capital to debt ratio 净资产与债务比率net cash flow 净现金流量net current assets 净流动资产net earning 净收益net e after tax 税后净收入net e before tax 税前净收入net e from operation 营业净收入net liability 净负债net loss 净损失net margin 净利net national debt 国债净额Net Natinal Product 沽盈价场外交易，柜台交易over-the-counter dealings 场外交易over-the-counter market 场外交易市场Overall 全面的，总的，综合的overall average 总平均overall balance 总余额overall economic situation 总的经济形势overall demand and supply 总需求和总供给Overbid 过高出价Overcharge 要价过高Overdraft 透支overdraft interest 透支利息overdraft on bank 向银行透支Overdue 过期的overdue bill 过期票据Overhead 间接费用overhead account 间接费用帐户overhead cost 间接成本overhead expenses 间接费用，经常费用Overheated economy 过热的经济Overseas 海外的overseas branch 海外分支机构overseas assets 海外资产overseas pany 海外公司overseas investment 海外投资overseas market 海外市场Overtime 加班时间，额外时间overtime and night differential 加班费和夜班补助Owe 欠再投资plow back earnings 再投资收益plow back profit 再投资利润Plus tick 股票交易价格向上浮动Point-of-sale 销售点Point-of -sale system ratio 收益率Pricing 定价capital asset pricing model 资本资产定价模式pricing strategy 定价策略Primary 初级的，最初的primary business 主营业务primary data 原始数据primary goods 初级产品primary market 初级市场primary products 初级产品Prime 基本的，首要的，最初的prime assets 主要资产prime contractor 总承包商prime cost 主要成本，直接成本prime paper 最佳股票prime rate 优惠利率Principal 本金，本金的principal and interest 本金和利息principal stockholder 主要股东Principle 原则，原理principle of accounting 会计原理，会计原则principle of equality and mutual benifit 平等互利的原则principle of openness and fairness 公开和公正的原则principle of profit maximization 利润最大化原则Priority 优先级Private 私人的，私营的，私有的private capital 私人资本private pany 私营公司private corporation 私营公司private enterprise 私营企业private limited partnership 私人有限公司private loan 私人贷款private ownership 私人所有制，私有制Privatization 私有化，私营化Privilege 优惠，特权Privileged 特许的，有特权的Probability 概率，机率probability density function 概率密度分布函数probability distribution 概率分布probability mass function 概率群分布函数probability theory 概率论Procedure in bankruptcy 破产程序Proceedings in bankruptcy 破产诉讼Processing 处理，加工processing industry 加工工业processing on order 来料加工processing trade 加工贸易Produce 生产Producer 生产者，厂家producer price index 生产者价格指数Product 产品product cost 产品成本product line 生产线Production 生产，产品Productive 生产性的productive assets 生产性资产productive capacity 生产能力production power 生产力Professional 专业的，专门的professional accountant 专业会计professional pany 专业公司Profit 利润，盈利annual profit 年利润meager profit 微利，薄利profit after taxation 税后利润profit and loss account 损益帐profit and loss statement 损益表profit distribution 利润分配profit from operating 营业利润profit from sale of fixed assets 出售固定资产的收益profit on operation 经营利润profit on sale 销售利润profit or loss on exchange 汇兑损益profit paid to the state 上交国家利润profit rate 利润率profit ratio of capital 资本利润率profit ratio of paid-in capital 实收资本利润率profit realized 实现利润profit-making enterprises 盈利企业Profit Impact of Market Strategyproperty tax 财产税Proprietary 所有人的，财产权proprietary interest 业组权益proprietary lease 产权租赁Proprietor 业主Proprietorial right 所有权Proprietorship 业主权，独资，一人拥有全部财产的业主Prospective 未来的，预期的prospective earnings 预期收益prospective market 未来市场Prospective yield 预期收益Prospectus 招股说明书protect 保护，防护protect the interests of investors 保持投资者的利益protect national resource 保护自然资源Protection 保护，防护Protective 保护的protective inport duty 保护性进口税protective measures 保护措施protective price 保护价格Protest 拒绝承兑protest note 拒付通知Public 公开的，公共的public accountant 公共会计师public corporation 股份有限公司public pany 股份上市公司public employee 公职人员public housing 供低收入家庭租用的政府住房public interest 公共利益public ownership 公有制public property 公共财产public relation 公共关系public utility 公用事业，公共事业public works 政府公共建筑Purchase 购买purchase and marketing price differentials 购销价差purchase capital 用于购买企业和投资的资金Purchasing 购买，采购purchasing power index 购买力指数purchasing power of the dollar 美元购买力purchasing power of money 货币购买力Purpose 目的purpose of appraisals 评估目的QQualification 资格，资格证书qualification certificate 资格证书Qualified 合格的，能胜任的qualified accountant 合格的会计师Qualitative 定性的，质量的qualitative analysis 定性分析qualitative control 质量控制Quality 质量，品质quality analysis 质量粉析quality assurance 质量保证quality circle 质量圈quality control 质量控制quality guarantee 质量保证quality management 质量管理Quantitative 定量的，数量的quantitative analysis 定量分析quantitative credit control 贷款数量控制Quantity 数量Quantum 数额，数，总额Quarter 季度，四分之一Quarterly 季度的quarterly balance sheet 季度负债表Quick 快速的quick assets 速动资产，可快速兑现的资产quick ratio 速动比率Quit 退出，辞职Quota 配额，限额import quota 进口配额export quota 出口配额Quotation 报价Quoted price 牌价，报价RRaise 增加，提高raise a loan 借款raise a price 加价raise capital 集资，招募资本raise foreign funds 募集外资raise money 募捐，筹款Random 随机，偶然random event 随机事件random error 随机误差random sampling 随机抽样，随机采样Range 范围，区域range of price 价格幅度Ranking 等级，顺序Rate 比率，率floating exchange rate 固定汇率official rate 官方汇率rate of accumulation 积累率rate of depreciation 折旧率rate of discount 贴现率rate of growth 增长率rate of increment 增长率rate of inflation 通货膨胀率rate of margin 毛利率rate of profit 利润率rate of return 回报率rate of return on equity 股本收益率rate of saving 储蓄率rate of taxation 税率rate of turnover 周转率rate of unemployment 失业率Rating 评定等级Ratio 比率activity ratios 经营比率capitalization ratios 资本结构比率debt to equity ratio 负债股本比率liquid ratios 变现比率price earnings ratio 市盈率profitability ratios 盈利比率ratio of current assets to fixed assets 流动资产与固定资产比率ratio of current assets to current liability 流动资产与流动负债比率ratio of equity管辖行业Regulation 条例，规章Regulatory framework 规章制度Reinsurance 再保险reinvestment 再投资Relation 关系relation of production 生产关系Relationship 关系relationships among reform,developmentand stability 改革，发展和稳定的关系Relative 相对的，相关的relative balance 相对平衡Reliability 可靠性reliabilty of data 数据的可靠性Relief 救济relief fund 救济金Renewal 更新，续约renewal and reconstruction funds 更新改造基金renewal expenses 更新费用renewal of equipment 设备更新Rent 租，房租，租金Rental 租金，租赁rental expenses 租金费用rental property 租赁财产Reorganization 重组，改组Repair 修理Repayment 还款，偿还repayment analysis 偿债分析repayment of debt 偿还债务Replacement 重置，更换replacement assets 重置资产replacement cost approach 重置成本法replacement current cost 重置现行成本replacement method of depreciation 重置成本折旧法replacement price method 重置价格法replacement value 重置价值Repledge 再抵押Report 报告report of changes in assets condition 资产状况变动报告Reporting 申报reporting form 申报报表Representative 代表，代理人Reproduction 再生产reproduction cost 再生产成本reproduction of capital 资本的再生产reproduction on an enlarged scale 大规模再生产Repurchase 回购repurchase price 回购价格Request 请求，申请书Required 要求的required rate of return 要求的回报率Requirement 必须品，要求Resale 转售，倒卖Rescheduling 重新安排rescheduling loans 重新安排贷款rescheduling of payment 重新安排贷款偿还期限Research 研究research and development 收益，偿还，退货return and pensate 退赔return of equity 资本利润率return on assets 资产收益率return on capital 资本收益return on investment 投资收益，投资回报return on investment ratio 投资回报率return on net worth 净值报酬率return on shareholder’s equity 股东权益收益率return on tangible asset 有形资产收益率return on total assets 总资产收益率Revaluation 重估价值revaluation of asset 资金重估revaluation of fixed assets 固定资金重估Revenue 收入，营业收入，收益revenue above the line 预算内收入revenue account 营业收入账户revenue and expenditure in balance 财政收支平衡revenue assets 收益资产revenue distribution 收益分配revenue e 收益，收入tax revenue 税收收入Revolving 周转的，循环的revolving credit 周转信贷revolving fund 周转基金Right 权利，法权right of credit 债权right of disposal 处置权right of disposition 处理权right of monopoly 专利权right of ownership 所有权right of patent 专利权right of possession 占有权right of priority 优先权right of resale 转售权right of trade mark 商标权Risk 风险risk analysis 风险分析risk capital 风险资本risk cost 风险成本risk free rate 无风险利率risk investment 风险投资risk management 风险管理risk sharing 风险分担risk-control mechanism 风险控制机制Rule 条例，法规，规则rule of fair trade 公平交易原则rules for registration of pany 公司注册章程Rural 农村的，农业的rural credit cooperatives 农村信用社Rush season 旺季SSafeguard 保护，保障safeguard measures 保障措施safeguard property rightsSalary 薪金，工资salary differential 工资差别salary range 工资幅度salary supplements 附加工资Sale 销售charge sale 赊销sale account 销售帐户sale at discount 折价销售sale at premium 溢价出售sale at deduced price 减价出售sale mission 销售佣金sales tax 营业税sales revenue 销售收入Salesman 销售人员Sample 样品sample data 抽样数据Sampling 采样，抽样sampling analysis 抽样分析sampling check 抽样检查sampling investigation 抽样调查sampling rate 采样率Sanction 制裁trade sanction 贸易制裁Saving 储蓄，节约high savings 高储蓄率saving account 储蓄帐户saving bond 储蓄公债saving fund 储蓄基金saving ratio 储蓄率savings bank 储蓄银行Scale 规模，尺度Schedule 安排，日程表，计划表，明细表schedule of accounts payable 应付帐款明细表schedule of accounts receivable 应收帐款明细表schedule of capital 资本明细表schedule of depreciation 折旧明细表Scheme 方案，规划Scope 范围scope of business 经营范围，营业范围Seal 印，印章，封条seal of pany 公司印章Seasonal 季节性的seasonal adjustment 季节性调整seasonal labour 季节工seasonal unemployment 季节性失业Secondary 第二的，从属的secondary account 次级帐户secondary boycott 间接抵制secondary industry 第二产业secondary mortgage 二次抵押secondary securities market 二级证券市场Sectorself-employed 个体经营者self-employment e 自营收入Sell 卖，销售sell at a discount 折价出售sell at a low price 低价出售sell at half price 半价出售sell by sample 看样出售sell in bulk 成批出售，批发sell on credit 赊销Seller 卖方，卖主seller’s market 卖方市场seller’s pric e 卖方价格Selling 销售，出售selling and administrative expenses cost 推销及管理费用成本Sell-off of enterprise’s assets 廉价销售企业资产Senior 老资格的，年老的senior accountant 高级会计师senior citizen 65岁以上的老年公民senior debt 优先债务senior engineer 高级工程师senior manager 高级管理人员，高级经理Seniority 资历，工龄seniority system 年资制度Separate 分开，分离separate ownership rights from management rights 所有权和经营权分离Service 服务，劳务service business 服务性行业service pany 服务公司service industry 服务业service life （设备的）使用年限Settlement 结算，支付，解决settlement of cash 现金结算settlement of obligation 债务清偿settlement price 结算价格Settling 结算的，清算的settling bank 清算银行settling fee 理赔费用Share 股票，股份，份额corporation share 法人股share account 股金帐户share capital 股份资本share consolidation 股票合并share holding economic 股份制经济share of market 市场份额share ownership 股权share price 股票价格share stock 股票，股份share transfer 股票过户share voting right 股份投票权share warrant 认股证Shareholder 股东shareholders’ equity 股东权益shareholders’ meeting 股东会议shareholders’ rights 股东权利Shareholding co-operative system 股份合作制Sheet 表格，单子balance sheet 资产负债表Shell corporation 空壳公司Short 短的，短期的，空头的，卖空的short account 空头帐户，卖空帐户short term assets 短期资产short term bond 短期债券short term credit 短期信贷short term debt 短期债务short term investment 短期投资short term liability 短期负债Shortage 短缺shortage of capital 资金短缺Shut down 关闭，停工，停产，停业Sign 签署sign a contract 签署合同Signature 签字，签名Signing authority 签字权Single 单一的single budget 单一预算single entry 单式记帐single exchange rate 单一汇率single tax system 单一税制Sinking fund 偿债基金Skill 技能skill-intensive 技术密集型Skilled 有技能的熟练的skilled worker 熟练工人Slowdown 放慢Social 社会的social benefit 社会福利social insurance 社会保险social security 社会保障，社会保险social security act 社会保障法social security number 社会保险号码social security reform 社会保险改革social utility 社会福利事业social wealth 社会财富Socialist 社会主义的socialist collective ownership 社会主义集体所有制socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济socialist public ownership 社会主义公有制socialist sector of economy 社会主义经济成分Socialization 社会化Soft 软的soft currency 软通货soft loan 软贷款soft landing 软着陆soft market 疲软市场Software 软件Sole 单独的，唯一的sole agent 独家代理sole legal 唯一合法的sole proprietorship 职工staff share 职工股Stagflation 州政府征收的所得税state loan 公债state monopoly for purchases and marketing 统购统销state operated economy 国营经济state owned 国有的state revenue 国家财政收入state sector 国营部门state treasury 国库state-of-the-art 现代技术水平State-owned 国有的state-owned mercial bank 国有商业银行state-owned economy 国有经济State-Owned Enterprise (SOE) 国有企业state-owned firm 国有公司state-owned property 国有资产state-owned unit 国有单位Statement 报表，清单，声明statement analysis 报表分析statement form 报表表式statement of assets and liabilities 资产负债表statement of cash flows 现金流量表statement of change in financial position 财务状况变动表statement of change in retained earnings 留存收益变动表statement of change in stockholder equity 股东权益变动表statement of owners’ equity 股东权益表statement of profit and loss 损益表statement of profit distribution 利润分配表Statistical 统计的statistical analysis 统计分析statistical error 统计误差statistical yearbook 统计年鉴Statistics Law 统计法Statutory 法定的statutory audit 法定审计statutory agent 法定代理人statutory capital 法定资本statutory financial statement 法定财务报表statutory merger 法定兼并statutory tariff 法定关税Steady growth 稳定增长Step 步骤steps in the acquisition process 收购的步骤Stimulate 鼓励，刺激stimulate economic development 刺激经济发展Stimulation 鼓励，刺激Stock 股票，股份，存火American Stock Exchange(AMEX) 美国证券交易所New York Stock Exchange(NYEX) 纽约证券交易所stock acquisition 股票收购stock and bond 股票和债券stock authorized 额定股本stock averages 股份平均指数stock bonus 股份红利stock capitalization 股份资本化stock certificate 股票stock mon 普通股stock dividend 股利，股息stock equity securities 股权证券stock exchange 股票交易所stock exchange firm 证券公司stock index 证券指数stock index futures 股票指数期货stock insurance pany 股票保险公司stock ledger 存货簿，股东名册stock market credit 股票市场信用stock market quotation 股市行情stock merger 股票兼并stock option 股票购买权stock ownership 股权stock preferred 优先股stock premium 股票溢价stock purchase warrant 购股证stock transfer 股票转让stock-for asset reorganization 股票资产交换式重组stock-for stock reorganization 股票股票交换式重组voting stock 有投票权的股票NYSE New York Stock Exchange 纽约证券交易所AMEX American Stock Exchange 美国证券交易所NASDAQ National Association od Securities 全国证券商自动报价系统协会Dealers Automated Quotation SystemOTC Over the counter 柜台交易Stockholder 股票持有人，股东Straight 直线的straight debt 直接负债straight-line depreciation method 直线折旧方法Strategic 战略的strategic acquisition 战略性收购strategic decision 战略决策strategic goals 战略目标strategic partnerships 战略伙伴strategic planning 战略计划Strategy 战略generic strategy 一般性战略strategy for economic development 经济发展战略strategy of giving priority to agricuturaldevelopment 优先发展农业的战略Strengthen 加强strengthen co-operation with governmentinstitutions and enterprises 加强与政府机构和企业的合作strengthen macro-control 加强宏观控制strengthen the management of stated-ownedproperty 加强国有资产管理strengthen the position of agriculture 加强农业的基础地位Strike 罢工Structural 结构上的，组织上的structural adjustment 结构调整structural analysis 结构分析structural readjustment 结构重新调整structural inflation 结构性通货膨胀structural unemployment 结构性失业Structure 结构structure of consumption 消费结构structure of deal 交易结构structure of industry 产业结构Subscription 认购，认股subscription right 认股权subscription warrant 认股证Subsidiary 子公司，分公司，附属公司subsidiary body 附属机构subsidiary business 附属营业subsidiary pany 子公司subsidiary ledger 明细分类帐Subsidized 补贴的，补助的subsidized pany 受补助的公司subsidized credit 信贷补贴subsidized housing 建房补贴subsidized price 补助价格Subsidy 补助金heavy social subsidy 沉重的社会补贴Substitution 替代Suit 起诉，诉讼Sum 总计，总额sum of credit 贷方总额sum of debt 借方总额Summary 总表summary account 汇总帐户summary of balance sheet changes 资产负债变动汇总表Super 超级的super corporation 超级公司super monopoly 超级垄断super power 超级大国Supermarket 超级市场Supersell 畅销Superstore 超级市场Superstructure 上层建筑Supervision 监督supervision and control 监管Supervisor 管理者Supplemental 附加的，补充的supplemental agreement 附加协议supllemental condition 附加条件supllemental cost 追加成本supllemental wages 附加工资Supplementary budget 追加预算Supplier 供应商Supply 供给supply and demand relation 供求关系supply exceeds demand 供过于求supply over demand 供过于求Surplus 盈余，公积金surplus account 盈余帐户surplus labourers 剩余劳动力surplus of capital 资本过剩surplus of goods 商品过剩surplus of population 人口过剩surplus of production 生产过剩surplus profit 剩余利润surplus staff 富余人员Suspense 暂记，未定suspense account 暂记帐suspense payment 暂付款suspense receipts 暂收款Swap 交换swap credit 互惠信贷System 系统，制度one country, two systems 一国两制system approach 系统方法system engineering 系统工程TTable 表格，图表Tabulator 制表人Take 获得，拿，取take a bath 投资失败take a beating 投资失败take charge of 管理，负责Taking 收入，进款taking inventory 盘点存货Takeover 回收Tangible 有形的tangible fixed assets 有形固定资产Tangible assets appraisal 有形资产评估Target 目标beat the target 达到目标target pany 目标公司target cost 目标成本target selection 目标选择Tariff 关税，税则tariff act 关税法tariff barrier 关税壁垒tariff cartel 关税同盟，关税卡特尔tariff classification 关税分类tariff mission 税则委员会tariff concession rate 关税优惠率tariff customs union 关税同盟tariff cut 降低关税tariff policy 关税政策tariff reform 关税改革tariff system 关税制度tariff wall 关税壁垒Tax 税，税务，征税consumption tax 消费税foreign-funded enterprise e tax 外商投资企业所得税individual e tax 个人所得税tax agency 税收代理tax avoidance 合法避税tax bearer 纳税人tax bearing rate 税负率tax bureau 税务局tax collection 征税tax collector 税收员tax cut 减税tax delivery 上交税金tax due 应交税款tax exemption 免税tax farming system 保税制tax law 税法tax loophole 漏税tax on e 所得税tax on land and buildings 土地房产税tax on natural resources 资源税tax on personal e 个人所得税tax on property 财产税tax on transaction 交易税tax on value added 增值税tax payer 纳税人tax rate 税率tax reform 税制改革tax refund 退税tax refunded 已退回的税款tax return 纳税申报表tax system 税制tax year 税收年度ta__free 免税ta__free trade zone 免税贸易区ta__free transaction 免税交易ta__sharing system 分税制value-added tax 增值税Taxable 应纳税的Taxation 税务，税收Ta__exempt 免税Technical 技术性的technical aid 技术援助technical cooperation 技术合作technical innovation 技术革新technical measures 技术措施technical reconstruction 技术改造technical service 技术服务Technological 技术的，工艺的technological advance 技术进步technological obsolescence 技术陈旧technological transformation 技术改造Technology 技术，工艺technology evaluation 技术评估technology import 技术引进technology intensive investment 技术密集性投资technology transfer 技术转让munication 通讯Temporary 暂时的，临时的temporary borrowing 临时借款temporary budget 临时预算temporary certificate 临时证书temporary credit 临时贷款Tenancy 租赁Tender 投标，招标Term 条款，项目，条件，期term bond 定期债券term loan 定期贷款term mortgage 定期抵押term share 定期股票terms of acquisition agreement 收购协议条款terms of contract 合同条款Terminate 终止terminate a contract 终止合同Termination 解雇，终止termination allowance 解雇津贴termination indemnity 解雇补偿金Territorial 地方的territorial economiy 地方经济Tertiary 第三位的tertiary industry 第三产业tertiary sector 第三产业部门Theory 理论decision theory 决策论theory of asset appraisal 资产评估理论theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics 建设有中国特色的社会主义理论theory of demand-pull inflation 需求拉动通货膨胀理论theory of macroeconomics policy 宏观经济政策理论theory of surplus value 剩余价值理论Third party 第三方Thrift 节约thrift shop 旧货店Through in-depth reforms 通过深入改革Throughput 生产量Ticket 门票，入场卷，罚款单，标签Tight 紧的appropriately tight 适度从紧tight credit policy 紧缩的贷款政策tight monetary policy 紧缩的金融政策tight money market 银根紧缩的金融市场Title 名称，所有权title defect 所有权不完整title insurance 产权保险title of ownership 所有权title of possession 所有权title to land 土地所有权tittle to property 财产所有权Toll 服务费，通行税toll bridge 收费桥toll gate 收费卡，收费站toll highway 收费高速公路Top 顶部，最前面的top 500 enterprises 前500家企业Total 总计，总数total account 总帐户total amount of loss 损失总额total assets turnover 总资产周转率total capital profit ratio 总资本利润率total cost of production 总生产成本total equity 总权益total import-export value 进出口总值total industrial output value 工业生产总值total investment 总投资total liability 总负债total profit and loss 总损益total quality management 世界贸易组织Write-off 冲销，注销Written notice 书面通知YYear 年year of account 会计年度Year-end 年末year-end adjustment 年终调整year-and audit 年终审计year-and dividend 年终股息year-and stock 年终库存Yearbook 年鉴，年刊Yearly report 年报Yield 收益，产出，盈利yield curve 收益曲线yield on long term government bond 长期政府债券收益yield on treasury bill 国库券收益yield rate 收益率ZZero 零zero coupon 无息有价证券zero growth 零增长Zip code 邮政编码Zone 区域，地区。

A阿斗blockhead爱岗敬业love one’s work and be devoted to it诚实守信be honest and keep one’s word爱国民主党派patriotic democratic parties爱国守法、明礼诚信、团结友善、勤俭自强、敬业奉献patriotism and observance of law; courtesy and honesty; solidarity and friendship; diligence, frugality and self-improvement; and devotion and contribution爱国统一战线patriotic united front爱国卫生委员会patriotic Pubic Health Committee爱国卫生运动patriotic health and sanitation campaign 爱国主义教育基地site for patriotic educationsite rich in patriotic significance爱护公物take good care of public property爱面子be concerned with face-saving爱心工程Love Care Project爱婴医院Baby friendly hospital爱憎分明be clear about what to love and what to hate 安定的国内环境Stable domestic environment安定团结的政治局面Political stability and unity安分守己abide by the law and behave oneself安全责任制Safety responsibility system安慰奖Consolation prize安于现状be content to remain a layman按保护价敞开收购农民余粮Purchase surplus grain from farmers without limit at protective prices按揭贷款Mortgage loan按可比价格算Calculated in comparable terms按劳分配的原则Principle of distribution to eachaccording to his work按劳分配为主、多种分配方式并存的制度System under which distribution according to work is dominant and variety of modes of distribution coexist按年分期付款Y early installments按票面价值at par按市价兑换conversion at market prices按照国际惯例act in accordance with international practices 按照客观规律和科学规律办事act in compliance with objective and scientific laws按照客观经济规律办事act in accordance with objective economic laws按照事物本来面貌take things as they really are按照依法、自愿、有偿的原则进行土地承包经营权流转transfer the contractual right of land according to law and on a voluntary and compensatory basis按质论价Price products according to quality案犯the accused/offender案件不受理dismissal of a legal casenonacceptance of a legal case案件当事人party to a case/party to a law suit 案情details of a case /facts of a case暗补implicit subsidies暗箱操作under-the-counter activitiesB八个坚持、八个反对Eight do’s and eight don’ts (1.Emancipate the mind and seektruth from facts; do not keep doing things the old way bine theory with practice; do not copy mechanically or worship books.3.Keep close ties with thepeople ; do not be formal or bureaucratic .4.Adhere to the principle of democratic centralism; do not act arbitrarily or be feeble and lax .5.Abide by Party discipline; do not act pursue liberalism.6.Be honest and up right; do not abuse power for personal gains.7.Work hard; do not behedonistic.8.Appoint people on their merits; do not practice favoritism in personnel.)把党和国家的利益放在第一位place the interests of the party and state above everything else把底摸熟了know one for what one is worth把个方面的积极性引导好、保护好、发挥好guide, protect and tap the initiative of all sectors of society properly 把关Make final check把国内的事办好Manage domestic affairs well把好政治关Strictly insist on the political criteria把教育办好Do well in education把经济搞活Invigorate the economy /stimulate the economy把科学成果转化成生产力Transform scientific researchresults into productive forces把马克思主义的普遍真理同我国的具体实际结合起来Integrate the universal truth of Marxism with the concrete realities of China把企业推向市场Encourage enterprises to compete in themarket把全部经济工作转到以提高经济效益为中心的轨道上来Shift the focus of all economic work to the improvement of economic results把社会效益放首Give prime consideration to social effects 把水搅浑Create confusion /muddy the waters把问题摆在做面上Place the problem on the table for discussion把问题弄清楚Get clear on the problems involved把握时代特点Understand the characteristics of thetimes把依法治国和以德治国结合起来Govern the country by combining the rule of law and the rule of virtue罢官Depose/dismiss from office罢免Recall(remove)from office霸道Be domineering/be tyrannical霸权主义Hegemonism白领工人White-collar worker白色公害Plastic pollution白色恐怖White terror百废俱兴Do all that has been left undone百花奖Hundred Flowers A ward事机构administrative body半费医疗partially paid medical care半公开more or less openly / partly open / semi-open半途而废give up halfway半殖民地半封建社会semi-colonial, semi-feudal society 帮倒忙do more harm than help帮派思想严重be strongly factionalist in one's ideas / beobsessed by factionalist ideas包产到户fix farm output quotas on a household basis保持党的先进性keep the Party's progressiveness保持国民经济持续、快速、健康发展maintain the sustained, rapid and sound development of the national economy保持清醒头脑keep clear heads / remain clear-headed /be sober-minded保护区protected area / conservation area /reserve保监会China Insurance Regulatory Commision保健食品health food保密工作work of safeguarding secret information保税区free trade zone保险业insurance industry保证中央的政令畅通ensure the Central Committee's decisions are carried out without fail保重点，不撒胡椒面Resources must be channeled to keyprojects and not spread thinly everywhere.保值增值preserve or increase the value.案report a case报案人informant报废资产dead assets报复杀人revenge murder报关单customs declaration / declaration form报关口岸port of entry抱残守缺hang on to what's outmoded暴力犯罪violent crimes暴利exorbitant profits爆炸罪crime of causing an explosion悲观心理 a pessimistic mood背包袱be burdened with北京通old Beijing hand北京外交人员服务局Beijing Diplomatic Service Bureau备用金reserve funds背后批评behind-the-back criticism背离depart from / deviate from / turn one's back on背书担保guarantee by endorsement被动中的主动initiative within passivity被提名人nominee被选举权right to stand for election 被葬送be ruined被征入伍者inductee本本主义book worship本国home country本国出生的公民natural-born citizen本国货币domestic currency本金总额capital sum本来面目true features本票bank check / cashier's check比较优势comparative advantage笔供written confession笔记检验handwriting verification必不可少的条件indispensable prerequisite必然要求inexorable demand毕业生分配制度system of job assignment for graduates 闭关政策closed-door policy庇护罪犯shield criminals避难权right of asylum边防通行证frontier pass边境贸易frontier trade / border trade边缘学科interdisciplinary branch of science编假决算fabricate final accounts鞭策后进spur on those who lag behind / spur on theless advanced变相敲诈勒索practice extortion in a disguised form变相逃废债务evasion of debt repayment in a disguised form辩证唯物主义dialectical materialism标底minimum price for a bid标准合同standard contract / model contract表层问题superficial problem表现自我self-expression表演艺术家performing artist憋着一肚子气harbor pent-up grievances别生枝节give rise to other contingencies濒危动物endangered animal species兵役制度system of military service秉公办事handle matters impartially并行不悖be not mutually exclusive病虫害plant diseases and insect pests拨乱反正set things right / set things to rights波浪式前进advance in waves剥夺继承权disinherit剥夺阶级思想exploiting class ideology博爱工程Love of Humanity Project博士论文doctoral dissertation薄弱环节weak link补充兵源troop replenishment / replenish an army补缴税款pay back taxes补台help somebody out补贴价格subsidized price不安定因素destabilizing factor不称职be unsuited for one's job / be unqualified不成文法典unwritten code不吃香了go out of vogue / be unpopular不得姑息养奸No criminality is to be tolerated不得人心be unpopular / contrary to the will of the people不发达地区underdeveloped area不分青红皂白make no distinction between right and wrong / indiscriminately不附加任何条件with no conditions attached / unconditional不干预政策hands-off policy / noninterference policy不敢惹not dare to offend不搞对抗avoid confrontation不公开审理hear in closed session不辜负希望justify the hope of / not disappoint somebody / not let somebody down不好交代difficult to account for不合国情inconsistent with a country's traditions (conditions)不怀好心harbor evil designs不计名利seek neither fame nor gain不间断电源uninterrupted power supply (UPS)不讲基本原则not concern oneself with the basic principles of不讲民主without any sense of democracy / undemocratic不结盟运动Nonaligned Movement不可撤消信用证irrevocable letter of credit不可怕not terrifying / nothing to be feared不吭一声not say a word about / remain silent about / keep one's mouth shut不劳不得no pain, no gain不良后果adverse consequence不良品德bad character不良行为misdeed / bad behavior不留隐患remove hidden perils不履行合同breach the contract / not execute a contract不落俗套be unconventional不民主现象undemocratic practices不能成立be untenable / not hold water不能自圆其说untenable argument不平坦no plain sailing不切实际的高指标unrealistically high target不容拖延brook no delay不如别人be inferior to others不尚空谈refrain from empty talk不慎重的言论indiscreet statement不听劝告turn a deaf ear to all advice / ignore advice不同政治观点different political views 不卫生的习惯unhygienic habit不问是非曲直make no distinction between right andwrong不相符合not in keeping with / not conform to / be inconsistent with不屑于disdain to do something不朽著作immortal writings (works)不要上当not allow oneself to be misled (taken in)不一条心think differently / not of one mind不以人的意志为转移independent of man's will不在眼里beneath one's notice不正之风unhealthy tendencies / unhealthy practices不走资本主义的邪路not turn off onto the wrong road, theroad to capitalism步步高升gradually rise to eminence步子要稳当go forward on a solid footing部署力量deploy one's forcesC财产保险property insurance财产不受侵犯inviolability of property财产抵押property mortgage财经体制financial and economic system财力分散decentralization of financial resources财税部门financial and taxation departments财务比率financial ratio财务分析financial analysis财务监督financial supervision财务拨款financial appropriations / financial allocations 财政赤字financial deficit / fiscal deficit财政担保financial guarantee财政分级管理tiered financial management system财政巨头financial magnate财政立法financial legislation财政收入回升Revenue increases财政收支revenues and expenditures财政预算financial budget财政专户管理management of special financial accounts裁定书award采伐许可证logging permit采取中立态度take a neutral attitude参与意识sense of participation参与债券participating bond参政党government coalition party参政议政participation in and deliberation of state affairs残疾人工作work concerning the disabled操作规程operating rules草地植被grassland vegetation cover草木皆兵be suspicious of everything曾用名previous name层层加码increase the quotas at each level差别税率differential tax rate插手interference / interfere查办大案要案investigate and deal with major andimportant cases查无实据No evidence is found after the investigation差的很远fall far short of拆股stock split禅deep meditation产粮省grain-growing province产品规格product specification产品结构product mix产品验收制度system of product inspection产权界定delimitation of property rights产权收益income from property产销直接见面direct links between the producer and the seller产业投资资金industrial investment fund产值output value长期低息贷款long-term low-interest loan长期国库券treasury bond长期人寿保险long-term life insurance长途通信电缆long-distance telecommunications cable 长远规划long-term program长远目标long-range objective尝苦头drain the cup of bitterness / suffer常住人口登记permanent population register / registration of permanent residents场内交易人floor trader畅销报纸mass-circulation newspaper敞开思想，畅所欲言speak one's mind freely and fully唱对台戏challenge somebody with opposing views唱颂歌sing the praises of唱响社会主义文化的旋律highlight the main theme of socialist culture超编overstaffed超高速at a super-high speed超计划生育give birth to more children than family planning allows超卖头寸oversold position超密中子星ultra dense neutron star超收的地区localities that have excess revenues超文本hypertext朝鲜战争Korean War吵闹不休kick up a great deal of fuss about / argueendlessly炒作hype车匪路霸highway banditry扯皮wrangle with others撤回起诉withdraw an indictment / withdraw a charge 撤退专家recall experts撤职处分punishment by dismissal (discharge)沉溺于engross oneself in / indulge in 陈旧的思想stale ideas成本核算cost accounting成交额volume of business成套设备complete sets of equipment承包费contracting charge承前启后的伟大时代great era linking the past and the future承认版权acknowledgement of copyright承受能力ability to cope with / sustainability / capacity to withstand strains承销期underwriting period城市合作银行urban cooperative bank城市居民委员会urban neighborhood committee城市污水处理规则rules for treatment of municipal wastewater城乡二元经济结构dual structure in urban and rural economies城乡物资交流exchange of goods and materials between town and country / flow of commodities between town and country城镇土地使用税urban land-use tax惩治腐败punish corruption逞英雄play the braggart吃大亏suffer severely吃饭财政payroll finance / "mouth-feeding" budget吃饭问题problem of feasting on public funds吃红牌get a red card吃老本rest on one's laurels / live off one's past gains持仓hold a position持久地向前发展advance in a sustained way赤潮red tide充分证据ample evidence / sufficient evidence 充实队伍augment the existing contingent冲昏头脑turn someone's head冲劲drive重复报价repeat offer重复课税double taxation重审案件case for retrial抽逃资金illegally withdraw capital臭氧层ozone layer出错率error rate出发点starting point出格go too far出境检疫exit quarantine出境手续exit formalities出口补贴export restitution / export bounty / export subsidy出口创汇earn foreign exchange through exports 出口代办行export commission house出口单据export document出口农业export-oriented agriculture出口商品基地base for the production of export commodities出口退税export tax rebate / export tax refund出口信贷export credit出口专厂export-oriented factory出来工作go back to work出乱子cause disturbances / cause trouble 出纳柜cashier's counter出勤率attendance rate出入境管理entry and exit control出生国籍nationality by birth出生入死brave untold dangers出庭辩护defend a case in court出问题go wrong / get into trouble出洋相make a fool of oneself / make a spectacle (an exhibition) of oneself出租率occupancy rate初步可靠的基础solid preliminary foundation初步谅解preliminary understanding初级保健制度primary healthcare system初加工产品preliminarily processed product 初始保证金initial margin。