《定语从句与易混句型巧区分》祥解

定语从句与十一种句型易混辨析鲁山一高徐焕焕一．定语从句与并列句① He has many friends, none of whom say he is greedy.② He has many friends, but none of them say he is greedy.定语从句与主句之间是一种主从关系，需关系词将两者连接，如句①，故填whom ；并列句是由并列连词等连接起来的句子，此时不再需要关系词了，如句②，故填代词them.二．定语从句与强调句①It was in Wuhan that Jill met the girl and adopted her.②It was in Wuhan where Jill met the girl and adopted her.强调句型的结构式: “ It is／was＋被强调部分＋that 从句”判断是不是强调句标准是：先把It is／was… that去掉，剩下的句子如果仍然成立，则为强调句型，如句①，故填that，否则为定语从句，如句②，故填where.三．定语从句与强调句在特定语境中的区分----Where did you meet him?-----It was in the factory B he worked.A. thatB. where从语法结构上分析，A 、B两个选项都合适，填 A ，是强调句型，填 B ，是定语从句；但是结合语境，填A句意为“他是在这个工厂工作的，”答非所问，而填B句意为“是在他工作的工厂里，”符合语境，故正确答案只能是B.四．定语从句与结果状语从句① I want to have the same dictionary as he has.② She is such a kind teacher that all of us respect her.如果as, that在引导的从句中充当一定成分，则它们引导的是定语从句，如句①, 故填as ；相反，如果它们只起连接作用，则它们引导的是结果状语从句，如句②，故填that.五．定语从句与地点状语从句①We should go to the place where／in which we are needed most.②We should go where we are needed most.where引导定语从句，其前一定要有表地点的先行词，而且可以用“介词＋which”替代where ，如句①, “place”做先行词，故填where／in which ；而地点状语从句前无先行词，只能用where引导地点状语从句，如句②，故填where.六．定语从句与固定句型①It was the time when the two countries were at war.②It was the first time that she had ever left her motherland.句①中time是先行词，其后是when引导的定语从句；句②是固定句型：It ＋is／was＋序数词＋time＋that从句.七．定语从句与两个简单句①I found a note on the table, which read: “I’ve left for Harbin.”②I found a note on the table. It read: “I’ve left for Harbin.”含有定语从句的复合句，有主句，有从句，即定语从句，必须要有关系词，如句①；而两个简单句是两个独立的完整的句子，不需要关系词，如句②。

定语从句与六种易混句型巧区分一、定语从句定语从句which / that /who / whose / whom / as / when / where / why1.That bank which / that was opened last week is a very modern one.2.An architect is a person who / that designs houses and buildings.1.The island, which is at the mouth of the river, is being developed asa scenic spot.2.My son, who is a surgeon, is now in Sweden as a visiting scholar.3.Themanwithwhomyoushookhandsjustnowisheadofourdepartment.4.The room in which my family live used to be a garage.1.That is the book ( which / that ) I referred to in my talk.2.He is a teacher ( whom / that ) we all have high respect for.1.This is the best film that has ever been made.2.The first place that we visited was the Great Wall.3.The only furniture that he had in the room was a bed and a smalldesk.4.That is all that I want to say./ Is there anything that I cando for you?5.Theytalkedaboutpersonsandthingsthattheyrememberedinthe school.6.Is there any book that I can refer to?7.Who is the girl that is standing at the school gate?Which is the book that you want to borrow?1.The hero whose left leg he lost in the war is well looked after.2.On the hill were maple trees whose leaves had turned red.On the hill were maple trees the leaves of which had turned red.On the hill were maple trees of which the leaves had turned red.He is a teacher, as / which is clear from his manner.As is natural, she married an American businessman.He used such expressions as he could find in the texts.They stayed for the night in the same room as / that they had oncerented.I still remember the day when / on which we first met.We will never forget the day which we spent together.We will never forger the day when we worked together.The city where / in which I was born is on the new railwayline.Iliketotakemyvacationinthemountain,whichisquietandbeautiful.Iliketotakemyvacationinthemountain,wheretherearemanyplants.This is the reason why / for which he left the company.This is the reason which he gave us for his action.This is the reason why he did that thing.二、定语从句从句型上讲，它与六种句式相似，十分简易混淆。

定语从句与其易混淆句型的辨析对此予以重点注重。

由此造成了这样一种现象：做题时，一遇到从句就往定语从句上想，尤其容易把一些形式上与定语从句相似的句型（主要是同位语从句、强调句、地点和时间状语从句）也当作定语从句来理解，结果产生错误。

所以，从某个方面来说，解答定语从句题的关键是弄清它和易混淆句型之间的区别。

一、定语从句与同位语从句定语从句和同位语从句都置于被修饰的名词或代词之后，形式上非常相似，尤其是由that引导时，最难区分。

实际上，两者的根本区别在于句法功能不同，与先行词的关系不同。

1. 句法功能不同定语从句相当于一个形容词，用来修饰、描述或限制其前面的名词、代词（称为先行词）或整个句子；同位语从句则相当于一个名词，是先行词所述内容的展开，即说明先行词的具体内容。

定语从句的引导词that在从句中一定充当句子成分；而同位语从句中的引导词that（被称为连接代词）在从句中只起连接作用，不充当任何句子成分。

定语从句的引导词在从句中作宾语或状语时，能够省略或被其他词代替；而同位语从句的引导词则一般不能省略，也不能被代替。

例1The news （that / which）we picked up from his informal conversation is true.我们从他的闲谈中听到的那个消息是真实的。

例2The news that Mr Li will teach us English next semester is true. 李先生下学期将教我们英语这个消息是真实的。

点评：例1的中that从句是定语从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，用来限定the news，that在从句中作宾语，可省略。

例2中的that从句是同位语从句，其作用相当于一个名词，本身就是the news的内容，that不能省略。

2. 与先行词关系不同定语从句所修饰、限定的先行词能够是名词或代词，当that省略时，定语从句本身是一个不完整的句子。

定语从句和其他易混句型对比和区别一.定语从句与并列句1.并列句用分号（;)或连接词aｎd, but来连接。

2.定语从句用关系词来引导,关系词具有两个作用:一是放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接(主句和从句）作用,二是充当从句中的一个成分。

练习:１.Mr Li has threｅdaughters，nonｅof____＿＿__ is an engｉneer.2.Ｍr Lｉhas tｈrｅe daughters, bｕt ｎoneｏf_＿＿＿＿__＿＿_iｓａｄanceｒ.３.Ｍr Lｉｈas tｈｒｅe daｕghterｓ; __＿_____＿_aｒe docｔｏrs.二．定语从句与地点状语从句1.ｗheｒe引导的定语从句用来修饰表示地点意义的名词或代词,可以改成“介词＋which”。

２. where引导的地点状语从句用来修饰动词,表示动作发生或存在的地点,不可改成“介词+which”。

3.做题时,先根据句意确定有无先行词。

如有,是定语从句,如无,是状语从句。

对比下面两个句子:Hｅｌeｆｔthe key ｗheｒe he had beｅn ａn ｈouｒaｇｏ.Hｅlｅfｔthe ｐlａｃe ｗhere he liveｄｆｏr manyｙｅarｓ.练习:１.Ricｅdoｅｓｎ’t grow well _____ ｔhere is noｔｅnｏuｇh wａter.2．I stｉll reｍemｂer the farｍ__＿__mｙparentｓｗorkｅd ten ｙｅars ago.3. Thｅｖisitor ａsｋeｄtｈe guide to takｅｈis ｐiｃture _＿___ stａｎｄs tｈｅfamoｕｓtow ｅr.Ａ. tｈat B. ｗｈerｅＣ. ｗhich D. thｅrｅ三.定语从句与强调句1.强调句型可以还原成正常语序的句子,也就是说，强调句型中去掉It ｂe… tｈａt后，句子仍然通顺,意义也依然完整,只是没有那么强调突出。

定语从句与六种易混句型巧区分一、定语从句定语从句which / that /who / whose / whom / as / when / where / why1.That bank which / that was opened last week is a very modern one.2.An architect is a person who / that designs houses and buildings.1.The island, which is at the mouth of the river, is being developed asa scenic spot.2.My son, who is a surgeon, is now in Sweden as a visiting scholar.3.The man with whom you shook hands just now is head of our department.4.The room in which my family live used to be a garage.1.That is the book ( which / that ) I referred to in my talk.2.He is a teacher ( whom / that ) we all have high respect for.1.This is the best film that has ever been made.2.The first place that we visited was the Great Wall.3.The only furniture that he had in the room was a bed and a smalldesk.4.That is all that I want to say. / Is there anything that I cando for you?5.They talked about persons and things that they remembered inthe school.6.Is there any book that I can refer to?7.Who is the girl that is standing at the school gate?Which is the book that you want to borrow?1.The hero whose left leg he lost in the war is well looked after.2.On the hill were maple trees whose leaves had turned red.On the hill were maple trees the leaves of which had turned red. On the hill were maple trees of which the leaves had turned red.He is a teacher, as / which is clear from his manner.As is natural, she married an American businessman.He used such expressions as he could find in the texts.They stayed for the night in the same room as / that they had once rented.I still remember the day when / on which we first met.We will never forget the day which we spent together.We will never forger the day when we worked together.The city where / in which I was born is on the new railway line.I like to take my vacation in the mountain, which is quiet and beautiful.I like to take my vacation in the mountain, where there are many plants.This is the reason why / for which he left the company.This is the reason which he gave us for his action.This is the reason why he did that thing.二、定语从句从句型上讲，它与六种句式相似，十分容易混淆。

定语从句及其易混句型的区别
梁静渊
【期刊名称】《青苹果：高中版》
【年(卷),期】2005(000)004
【摘要】定语从句是高中英语重点语法之一，也是高考必考内容。

在形式上．定语从句板易与其他一些句型混淆，为了帮助同学们分清其差异，现分类解析如下。

【总页数】4页(P10-13)
【作者】梁静渊
【作者单位】无
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】G633
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3.定语从句与其他易混句型比较 [J], 王永辉;
4.浅析定语从句与易混淆句型的甄别 [J], 吴忠勇;
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