热电偶安装手册(中英文)

WR系列热电偶WR Series ThermocoupleWZ系列热电阻WR Series Thermocouple使用安装手册Installation & Operation Manual安徽天康（集团）股份有限公司Anhui Tiankang (Group) Shares Co., Ltd目录Index1、概述General Description (1)2、工作原理Operation Theory (1)3、结构Configuration (2)4、主要技术参数Main Technical Parameters (3)5、安装及使用Installation & Operation (5)6、可能发生的故障及维修Possible Troubles & Maintenance (7)7、运输及储存Transportation & Storage (8)8、订货须知Notices in Ordering (8)9、型号命名Type Naming (9)1、概述General Description工业用热电偶作为温度测量和调节的传感器，通常与显示仪表等配套，以直接测量各种生产过程中-40～1600℃液体、蒸汽和气体介质以及固体表面温度；As sensor for temperature measuring and regulation, industrial-purpose thermocouple is usually connected with display meter and other meters to directly measure temperature of liquid, vapor, gas and solid surface ranging from -40℃to 1600℃.工业用热电阻作为温度测量和调节的传感器，通常与显示仪表等配套，以直接测量各种生产过程中-200～500℃液体、蒸汽和气体介质以及固体表面温度。

ThermocoupleEnglish Instruction ManualIntroductionThe thermocouple is a device used to measure temperature by converting thermal energy into electrical energy. It operates based on the thermoelectric effect, where a voltage is generated when two different metals are joined and heated.Operating PrinciplesThe thermocouple works on the principle of the Seebeck effect. When two dissimilar metals are joined and heated, a voltage is produced at the junction due to the difference in the electrons' ability to move through the metals. This voltage can be measured and used to determine temperature.ComponentsA thermocouple typically consists of two wires made of different metals, joined together at one end. The other ends of the wires are connected to a measuring instrument, such as a voltmeter or temperature indicator.Types of ThermocouplesThere are several types of thermocouples, classified based on the materials used for the wires. Common types include Type J, Type K, Type T, and Type E. Each type has its own temperature range and accuracy.Installation and UsageSelect the appropriate type of thermocouple based on the temperature range and accuracy requirements.Ensure that the thermocouple is properly inserted into the measurement point, ensuring good thermal contact.Connect the free ends of the thermocouple wires to the measuring instrument.Power on the measuring instrument and follow its instructions to read the temperature.Maintenance and TroubleshootingRegularly inspect the thermocouple for damage or corrosion.Ensure that the thermocouple is properly inserted and secured in the measurement point.If the measured temperature is inconsistent or unstable, check for any loose connections or damaged wires.Safety PrecautionsHandle the thermocouple with care to avoid bending or breaking the wires.Do not expose the thermocouple to temperatures exceeding its rated range.Disconnect the thermocouple from the measuring instrument before performing any maintenance or repairs.DisposalDispose of the thermocouple in accordance with local regulations and guidelines for the disposal of electronic waste.WarrantyThis thermocouple is warranted to be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one year from the date of purchase. If any defect is found, please contact our customer service for assistance.介绍热电偶是一种通过将热能转换为电能来测量温度的装置。

281RESIDUE ON IGNITION 炽灼残渣Portions of this general chapter have been harmonized with the corresponding texts of the European Pharmacopoeia and the Japanese Pharmacopoeia. The portions that are not harmonized are marked with symbols(◆◆). The harmonized texts of these pharmacopoeias are therefore interchangeable, and the methods of the European Pharmacopoeia and/or the Japanese Pharmacopoeia may be used for demonstration of compliance instead of the present United States Pharmacopoeia general chapter. These pharmocopoeias have been undertaken not to make any unilateral change to this harmonized chapter.此通则的各部分已经与欧洲药典和日本药典的对应部分做了协调。

不一致的部分用符号（◆◆）来标明。

因此，这些药典中协调一致的内容是可以互换的，欧洲药典和/或日本药典的方法可以替代美国药典的通则，用于显示符合性。

对于这个协调一致的章节，这些药典已经承诺不进行任何单方变更。

The Residue on Ignition / Sulfated Ash test utilizes a procedure to measure the amount of residual substance not volatilized from a sample when the sample is ignited in the presence of sulfuric acid according to the procedure described below. This test is usually used for determining the content of inorganic impurities in an organic substance.炽灼残渣/硫酸化灰分检测是当根据下面所述的步骤使样品在有硫酸的情况下灼烧后，测量未挥发的残留物质量的方法。

中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)外文翻译：Thermocouple Temperatur sensorIntroduction to ThermocouplesThe thermocouple is one of the simplest of all sensors. It consists of two wires of dissimilar metals joined near the measurement point. The output is a small voltage measured between the two wires.While appealingly simple in concept, the theory behind the thermocouple is subtle, the basics of which need to be understood for the most effective use of the sensor.Thermocouple theoryA thermocouple circuit has at least two junctions: the measurement junction and a reference junction. Typically, the reference junction is created where the two wires connect to the measuring device. This second junction it is really two junctions: one for each of the two wires, but because they are assumed to be at the same temperature (isothermal) they are considered as one (thermal) junction. It is the point where the metals change - from the thermocouple metals to what ever metals are used in the measuring device - typically copper.The output voltage is related to the temperature difference between the measurement and the reference junctions. This is phenomena is known as the Seebeck effect. (See the Thermocouple Calculator to get a feel for the magnitude of the Seebeck voltage). The Seebeck effect generates a small voltage along the length of a wire, and is greatest where the temperature gradient is greatest. If the circuit is of wire of identical material, then they will generate identical but opposite Seebeck voltages which will cancel. However, if the wire metals are different the Seebeck voltages will be different and will not cancel.In practice the Seebeck voltage is made up of two components: the Peltiervoltage generated at the junctions, plus the Thomson voltage generated in the wires by the temperature gradient.The Peltier voltage is proportional to the temperature of each junction while the Thomson voltage is proportional to the square of the temperature difference between the two junctions. It is the Thomson voltage that accounts for most of the observed voltage and non-linearity in thermocouple response.Each thermocouple type has its characteristic Seebeck voltage curve. The curve is dependent on the metals, their purity, their homogeneity and their crystal structure. In the case of alloys, the ratio of constituents and their distribution in the wire is also important. These potential inhomogeneous characteristics of metal are why thick wire thermocouples can be more accurate in high temperature applications, when the thermocouple metals and their impurities become more mobile by diffusion.The practical considerations of thermocouplesThe above theory of thermocouple operation has important practical implications that are well worth understanding:1. A third metal may be introduced into a thermocouple circuit and have no impact, provided that both ends are at the same temperature. This means that the thermocouple measurement junction may be soldered, brazed or welded without affecting the thermocouple's calibration, as long as there is no net temperature gradient along the third metal.Further, if the measuring circuit metal (usually copper) is different to that of the thermocouple, then provided the temperature of the two connecting terminals is the same and known, the reading will not be affected by the presence of copper.2. The thermocouple's output is generated by the temperature gradient along the wires and not at the junctions as is commonly believed. Therefore it is important that the quality of the wire be maintained where temperature gradients exists. Wire quality can be compromised by contamination from its operating environment and the insulating material. For temperatures below 400°C, contamination of insulated wires is generally not a problem. At temperatures above 1000°C, the choice of insulationand sheath materials, as well as the wire thickness, become critical to the calibration stability of the thermocouple.The fact that a thermocouple's output is not generated at the junction should redirect attention to other potential problem areas.3. The voltage generated by a thermocouple is a function of the temperature difference between the measurement and reference junctions. Traditionally the reference junction was held at 0°C by an ice bath:The ice bath is now considered impractical and is replace by a reference junction compensation arrangement. This can be accomplished by measuring the reference junction temperature with an alternate temperature sensor (typically an RTD or thermistor) and applying a correcting voltage to the measured thermocouple voltage before scaling to temperature.The correction can be done electrically in hardware or mathematically in software. The software method is preferred as it is universal to all thermocouple types (provided the characteristics are known) and it allows for the correction of the small non-linearity over the reference temperature range.4. The low-level output from thermocouples (typically 50mV full scale) requires that care be taken to avoid electrical interference from motors, power cable, transformers and radio signal pickup. Twisting the thermocouple wire pair (say 1 twist per 10 cm) can greatly reduce magnetic field pickup. Using shielded cable or running wires in metal conduit can reduce electric field pickup. The measuring device should provide signal filtering, either in hardware or by software, with strong rejection of the line frequency (50/60 Hz) and its harmonics.5. The operating environment of the thermocouple needs to be considered. Exposure to oxidizing or reducing atmospheres at high temperature can significantly degrade some thermocouples. Thermocouples containing rhodium (B,R and S types) are not suitable under neutron radiation.The advantages and disadvantages of thermocouplesBecause of their physical characteristics, thermocouples are the preferred methodof temperature measurement in many applications. They can be very rugged, are immune to shock and vibration, are useful over a wide temperature range, are simple to manufactured, require no excitation power, there is no self heating and they can be made very small. No other temperature sensor provides this degree of versatility.Thermocouples are wonderful sensors to experiment with because of their robustness, wide temperature range and unique properties.On the down side, the thermocouple produces a relative low output signal that is non-linear. These characteristics require a sensitive and stable measuring device that is able provide reference junction compensation and linearization.Also the low signal level demands that a higher level of care be taken when installing to minimise potential noise sources.The measuring hardware requires good noise rejection capability. Ground loops can be a problem with non-isolated systems, unless the common mode range and rejection is adequate.Types of thermocoupleAbout 13 'standard' thermocouple types are commonly used. Eight have been given an internationally recognised letter type designators. The letter type designator refers to the emf table, not the composition of the metals - so any thermocouple that matches the emf table within the defined tolerances may receive that table's letter designator.Some of the non-recognised thermocouples may excel in particular niche applications and have gained a degree of acceptance for this reason, as well as due to effective marketing by the alloy manufacturer. Some of these have been given letter type designators by their manufacturers that have been partially accepted by industry.Each thermocouple type has characteristics that can be matched to applications. Industry generally prefers K and N types because of their suitability to high temperatures, while others often prefer the T type due to its sensitivity, low cost and ease of use.A table of standard thermocouple types is presented below. The table also showsthe temperature range for extension grade wire in brackets.Accuracy of thermocouplesThermocouples will function over a wide temperature range - from near absolute zero to their melting point, however they are normally only characterized over their stable range. Thermocouple accuracy is a difficult subject due to a range of factors. In principal and in practice a thermocouple can achieve excellent results (that is, significantly better than the above table indicates) if calibrated, used well below its nominal upper temperature limit and if protected from harsh atmospheres. At higher temperatures it is often better to use a heavier gauge of wire in order to maintain stability (Wire Gauge below).As mentioned previously, the temperature and voltage scales were redefined in 1990. The eight main thermocouple types - B, E, J, K, N, R, S and T - were re-characterised in 1993 to reflect the scale changes. (See: NIST Monograph 175 for details). The remaining types: C, D, G, L, M, P and U appear to have been informally re-characterised.Try the thermocouple calculator. It allows you the determine the temperature by knowing the measured voltage and the reference junction temperature.Thermocouple wire gradesThere are different grades of thermocouple wire. The principal divisions are between measurement grades and extension grades. The measurement grade has the highest purity and should be used where the temperature gradient is significant. The standard measurement grade (Class 2) is most commonly used. Special measurement grades (Class 1) are available with accuracy about twice the standard measurement grades.The extension thermocouple wire grades are designed for connecting the thermocouple to the measuring device. The extension wire may be of different metals to the measurement grade, but are chosen to have a matching response over a much reduced temperature range - typically -40°C to 120°C. The reason for using extension wire is reduced cost - they can be 20% to 30% of the cost of equivalent measurementgrades. Further cost savings are possible by using thinnergauge extension wire and a lower temperature rated insulation.Note: When temperatures within the extension wire's rating are being measured, it is OK to use the extension wire for the entire circuit. This is frequently done with T type extension wire, which is accurate over the -60 to 100°C range.Thermocouple wire gaugeAt high temperatures, thermocouple wire can under go irreversible changes in the form of modified crystal structure, selective migration of alloy components and chemical changes originating from the surface metal reacting to the surrounding environment. With some types, mechanical stress and cycling can also induce changes.Increasing the diameter of the wire where it is exposed to the high temperatures can reduce the impact of these effects.The following table can be used as a very approximate guide to wire gauge:At these higher temperatures, the thermocouple wire should be protected as much as possible from hostile gases. Reducing or oxidizing gases can corrode some thermocouple wire very quickly. Remember, the purity of the thermocouple wire is most important where the temperature gradients are greatest. It is with this part of the thermocouple wiring where the most care must be taken.Other sources of wire contamination include the mineral packing material and the protective metal sheath. Metallic vapour diffusion can be significant problem at high temperatures. Platinum wires should only be used inside a nonmetallic sheath, such as high-purity alumna.Neutron radiation (as in a nuclear reactor) can have significant permanent impact on the thermocouple calibration. This is due to the transformation of metals to different elements.High temperature measurement is very difficult in some situations. In preference, use non-contact methods. However this is not always possible, as the site of temperature measurement is not always visible to these types of sensors.Colour coding of thermocouple wireThe colour coding of thermocouple wire is something of a nightmare! There are at least seven different standards. There are some inconsistencies between standards, which seem to have been designed to confuse. For example the colour red in the USA standard is always used for the negative lead, while in German and Japanese standards it is always the positive lead. The British, French and International standards avoid the use of red entirely!Thermocouple mountingThere are four common ways in which thermocouples are mounted with in a stainless steel or Inconel sheath and electrically insulated with mineral oxides. Each of the methods has its advantages and disadvantages.Sealed and Isolated from Sheath: Good relatively trouble-free arrangement. The principal reason for not using this arrangement for all applications is its sluggish response time - the typical time constant is 75 secondsSealed and Grounded to Sheath: Can cause ground loops and other noise injection, but provides a reasonable time constant (40 seconds) and a sealed enclosure.Exposed Bead: Faster response time constant (typically 15 seconds), but lacks mechanical and chemical protection, and electrical isolation from material being measured. The porous insulating mineral oxides must be sealedExposed Fast Response: Fastest response time constant, typically 2 seconds but with fine gauge of junction wire the time constant can be 10-100 ms. In addition to problems of the exposed bead type, the protruding and light construction makes the thermocouple more prone to physical damage.Thermocouple compensation and linearizationAs mentioned above, it is possible to provide reference junction compensation in hardware or in software. The principal is the same in both cases: adding a correction voltage to the thermocouple output voltage, proportional to the reference junction temperature. To this end, the connection point of the thermocouple wires to the measuring device (i.e. where the thermocouple materials change to the copper of thecircuit electronics) must be monitored by a sensor. This area must be design to be isothermal, so that the sensor accurately tracks both reference junction temperatures.The hardware solution is simple but not always as easy to implement as one might expect.The circuit needs to be designed for a specific thermocouple type and hence lacks the flexibility of the software approach.The software compensation technique simplifies the hardware requirement, by eliminating the reference sensor amplifier and summing circuit (although a multiplexer may be required).The software algorithm to process the signals needs to be carefully written. A sample algorithm details the process.A good resource for thermocouple emf tables and coefficients is at the US Commerce Dept's NIST web site. It covers the B, E, J, K, N, R, S and T types.The thermocouple as a heat pumpThe thermocouple can function in reverse. If a current is passed through a thermocouple circuit, one junction will cool and the other warm. This is known as the Peltier Effect and is used in small cooling systems. The effect can be demonstrated by alternately passing a current through a thermocouple circuit and then quickly measuring the circuit's Seebeck voltage. This process has been used, with very fine thermocouple wire (0.025 mm with about a 10 mA current), to measure humidity by ensuring the cooled junction drops below the air's dew point. This causes condensation to form on the cooled junction. The junction is allowed to return to ambient, with the temperature curve showing an inflection at the dew point caused by the latent heat of vaporization.Measuring temperature differencesThermocouples are excellent for measuring temperatures differences, such as the wet bulb depression in measuring humidity. Sensitivity can be enhanced by constructing a thermopile - a number of thermocouple circuits in series.In the above example, the thermopile output is proportional to the temperaturedifference T1 - T2, with a sensitivity three times that of a single junction pair. In practice, thermopiles with two to hundreds of junctions are used in radiometers, heat flux sensors, flow sensors and humidity sensors. The thermocouple materials can be in wire form, but also printed or etched as foils and even electroplated.An excellent example of the thermopile is in the heat flux sensors manufactured by Hukseflux Thermal Sensors. Also see RdF Corp. and Exergen Corp.The thermocouple is unique in its ability to directly measure a temperature difference. Other sensor types require a pair of closely matched sensors to ensure tracking over the entire operational temperature range.The thermoelectric generatorWhile the Seebeck voltage is very small (in the order of 10-70μV/°C), if the circuit's electrical resistance is low (thick, short wires), then large currents are possible (e.g. many amperes). An efficiency trade-off of electrical resistance (as small as possible) and thermal resistance (as large as possible) between the junctions is the major issue. Generally, electrical and thermal resistances trend together with different materials. The output voltage can be increased by wiring as a thermopile.The thermoelectric generator has found its best-known application as the power source in some spacecraft. A radioactive material, such as plutonium, generates heat and cooling is provided by heat radiation into space. Such an atomic power source can reliably provide many tens of watts of power for years. The fact that atomic generators are highly radioactive prevents their wider application.译文：热电偶温度传感器热电偶的定义热电偶是最简单的传感器之一。

S96 多点式挠性热电偶安装手册一经接收到热电偶，将其从包装箱中取出后，妥善保存。

提示：在法兰端面以上300mm部分，禁止挤压、拉扯、弯曲。

图11．安装前准备：1)确认安装时的天气条件合适，安装位置准确，雨天禁止安装作业。

确认热电偶套管畅通，安装过程中可能存在的潜在危险已全部消除。

2)套管制作中附带的所有相关配件应提前安装。

3)经客户确认后，建议热电偶沿反应器内支撑梁或周围支撑物安装。

在安装的审核程序中，这些安装位置通常已被确定。

4)根据制图数据，标记管道内部热电偶的安装位置和拐弯位置。

图25)悬挂支撑电缆，确定支撑夹位置（测量点位置）。

6)在安装之前，检测热电偶的性能。

2．安装程序：1)在S96型热电偶安入反应器前，必须将其整顺。

2)在装入的热电偶上标记每一个拐点的位置。

3)标记完后，将多点式热电偶置于管嘴前。

图3：不要让四个支撑接触热电偶。

4)开始安装多点式热电偶。

将图2整个装置装入套管中，在装之前不要忘了提前将两个法兰之间的垫片装上。

5)法兰正确安装后紧固。

6)在反应器内部，热电偶的每一次弯曲标记都要很明显。

（热电偶的最小弯曲半径: 100 mm.）。

同上，将所有热电偶安到各自的位置。

7)将热电偶的顶部固定好后，其他的按照同样的过程安装（参照安装图及安装计划）。

8)一旦所有的热电偶全部装上后，应即可将它们通过支撑夹固定住（参照安装图）。

9)安装完毕后，再次检查热电偶的性能。

所有的脚手架，要求的设备及全体人员必须在安装之前到达安装指定位置，这样以来可减少不必要的等候和委托人的费用。

I 20205 - I20705 - V20139 - V20661 - V30361 - V30662W arningsT his instruction is an integral part of the booklet of theappliance on which the kit is installed. Please consult this booklet for general warnings and fundamental safety rules.For a rapid and right assembly of the components follow carefully the sequences described in the various sections.To avoid penalising the performance of the system the water inlet and outlet must be as indicated in the various figures.L ist of accessories• I20205 - 2-way manual valve unit for SL, SLI • I20705 - 2-way manual valve unit for SLS• V20139 - 2-way valve unit (inlet valve and lockshields) with thermo-electric head for SL, SLI, RS• V20661 - 2-way valve unit (inlet valve and lockshields) with thermo-electric head for SLS• V30361 - 3-way deviator valve unit with thermo-electric head for SL, SLI, RS• V30662 - 3-way deviator valve unit with thermo-electric head for SLSP redispositionP ipeline diameterThe minimum internal diameter that must be respected for the pipelines of the hydraulic connections varies accordingS ide openingTo access the hydraulic connections side:– dismount the upper grill by unscrewing the two fixing screws Side opening:– lift the cover that protects the screw– unscrew the screw that fixes the side panel – move it slightly outwards – lift it up2-way valve kit2-Way manual valve kit (I20205 - I20705)2-Way manual valve kit (I20205) is composed by:• 1 manual closing valve • 1 lockshield valve, fitted with micrometric adjustment, ca-pable of balancing the system load losses2-Way manual valve kit (I20705) is composed by:• 1 manual closing valve • 1 lockshield valve, fitted with micrometric adjustment, ca-pable of balancing the system load losses• 2 90° curved unionsAvailable on request: kit AI0204 of insulators to be mount-ed on the valve and on the lockshield in the case of a sys-tem supplied with cold water.2-Way valve unit kit with thermo-electric head (V20139 - V20661)2-Way valve unit kit with thermo-electric head (V20139) iscomposed by:• 1 automatic valve with thermo-electric head• 1 lockshield, fitted with micrometric adjustment, capable of balancing the system load losses The kit contains the insulation to be mounted on the valve and on the lockshield.2-Way valve unit kit with thermo-electric head (V20661) is composed by:• 1 automatic valve with thermo-electric head• 1 lockshield, fitted with micrometric adjustment, capable of balancing the system load losses• 2 90° curved unionsThe kit contains the insulation to be mounted on the valve and on the lockshield.D iagram of load lossesBelow is the diagram of load losses of 2-way valve in com-pletely open position, present in kit I20205, I20705, V20139, V20661.3-way valve kit3-Way deviator valve kit with thermo-electric head (V30361 - V30662)3-Way deviator valve kit with thermo-electric head (V30361) is composed by:• 1 automatic 3-way diverter valve with thermo-electric head• 1 lockshield valve, fitted with micrometric adjustment, ca-pable of balancing the system load losses The kit contains the insulation to be mounted on the valveand on the lockshield.3-Way deviator valve kit with thermo-electric head (V30662) is composed by:• 1 automatic 3-way diverter valve with thermo-electric head• 1 lockshield valve, fitted with micrometric adjustment, ca-pable of balancing the system load losses The kit contains the insulation to be mounted on the valve and on the lockshield.D iagram of load lossesBelow is the diagram of load losses of deviator valve in com-pletely open position, present in kit V30361, V30662.Below is the diagram of load losses of deviator valve in com-pletely closed position, present in kit V30361, V30662.C omponentsM ounting manual valveTo mount the manual valve:– turn the upper part of the handwheel, keeping the lower locknut blocked– bring it into a completely open position – screw the upper part of the handwheel until it is fixed on the valve bodyAt this point, the handwheel performs the adjustment.M ounting the thermostatic headTo mount the thermostatic head:– tighten the head to the valve bodyTo facilitate the system mounting, filling and venting opera-tions, even without electric power, the thermostatic head is supplied with a tool that keep it open.Remove the tool from the thermostatic head before start-ing the system.Now the pre-adjustment has been set and will not change if there are repeated openings or closings with the Allen key.D iagram of load lossesBelow is the diagram of load losses based on the adjustment of the lockshield valve present in all kits.C onnectionsThe choice and sizing of the hydraulic lines must be made by an expert who must operate according to the rules of good technique and the laws in force.To make the connections:– hydraulic lines positioning– use the "wrench against wrench" method– tighten the connections – check for leaks– coat the connections with insulating materialThe hydraulic lines and fittings must be thermally insulat-ed.Avoid partial insulation of the pipes.Avoid over-tightening the pipes to avoid damage to the insulation.Carefully check that the insulation is tight, in order to pre-vent the making and dripping of condensate.M ounting2-way valve (I20205) for SL and SLI versionsThe kit consist of:• 1 manual closing valve• 1 lockshield valve, fitted with micrometric adjustment, ca-pable of balancing the system load lossesAvailable on request: kit AI0204 of insulators to be mounted on the valve and on the lockshield in the case of a system supplied with cold water.Per montare il kit:– remove the side panel– access the hydraulic connection side – assemble the componentsF loor mounted version - with optional 3/4” EK stub pipe (code AI0501)W all mounted version - with optional 90° curved union (code AI0203)2-Way valve (I20705) for SLS versionThe kit consist of:• 1 manual closing valve• 1 lockshield valve, fitted with micrometric adjustment, ca-pable of balancing the system load losses• 2 90° curved unions Available on request: kit AI0204 of insulators to be mounted on the valve and on the lockshield in the case of a system supplied with cold water.Per montare il kit:– remove the side panel– access the hydraulic connection side– assemble the componentsF loor mounted versionW all mounted versionW all mounted version - with optional 90° curved union "L" (code AI0203)W all mounted versionW all mounted version - with optional 3/4" EK stub pipe (code AI0501)3-way deviator valve (V30662) for SLS versionW all mounted version。

热电偶安装使用说明书工业用热电偶是由一对或多对热电极构成的温度检出器，通常用来与显示仪表等配套，一直接测量各种生产过程中-200~1800℃范围内液体，蒸汽和气体介质的温度。

我公司生产的工业用热电偶有铂铑30-铂铑6，铂铑13-铂，铂铑10-铂，镍铬硅-镍硅，镍铬-镍硅，镍铬-康铜，铁-康铜和铜-康铜八大类。

各种热电偶适用的测量范围示如下注：本表所指测量范围仅指相当直径的热电极而言，不包括保护套管在内构造各种热电偶的外形，常是极不相同的，但是它们的基本结构却大致相同，通常由热电极、绝缘管、保护管和接线盒等主要部分构成。

1.热电极：热电偶热电极的测量端应牢固地焊接在一起，热电极之间套有耐温瓷管加以保护绝缘，所有的同类型热电偶热电极的分度特性都是相同且可互换的。

2.保护管：保护管的材料主要分金属和非金属两大类。

金属保护管采用碳钢，各种不同牌号的不锈钢和合金钢，以及黄铜等制成。

非金属保护管主要采用高铝管。

刚玉管或其他材料等制成。

为厂加强非金属保护管的机械性能，在其非工作部分均装有金属联接管。

在使用时非金属联接管不可测量液体的温度。

3.接线盒：热电偶接线盒系供连接热电偶参比端与显示仪表之用。

接线盒一般用铝合金制成并分防溅式，防水式及插接式等结构形式。

4.安装固定装置：热电偶的安装固定装置供用户安装固定之用。

它分无固定装置、固定螺纹活动法兰、固定法兰、卡套螺纹、卡套法兰等形式。

技术特性1.热电偶的允差如下表中所示：（参与端处于0℃）℃注：t为被测温度（℃），在同一栏给出的两种允差值中，取绝对值较大者。

在-40℃以上的温度范围符合Ⅰ、Ⅱ级允差的T、E、K、N型热电偶，又要求在-40℃以下符合Ⅲ级允差时，由供需双方商定。

2．热响应时间：在温度出现阶跃变化时热电偶的输出变化至相当于该阶跃变化的50%所需的时间。

通常以t0.50表示。

参比端温度补偿热电偶的热电动势与温度关系所制定的分度表，是在参比端为0℃时分度的。

中英文电气安装说明和图例LUMINAIRE 灯具1x28W T5 Batten Surface/Wall Mount fluorescent fitting1x28W T5 条形表面安装/壁装荧光灯2x28W T5 Batten Surface/Wall Mount fluorescent fitting2x28W T5 条形表面安装/壁装荧光灯1x28W T5(IP65) fluorescent fitting1x28W T5 (IP65) 荧光灯2x28W T5(IP65) fluorescent fitting2x28W T5 (IP65) 荧光灯1x14W Batten Surface/wall mount fluorescent fitting1x14W 条形表面安装/壁装荧光灯2x28W recessed/suspended mount luminaire fitting2x28W 嵌入式/悬挂式灯具1x240W metal halide fitting1x240W 金属卤化灯具1x18W (IP65) surface mounted luminaire1x18W(IP65) 表面安装的照明灯具1x26W Rectangular wall recessed luminaire1x26W 方形墙面嵌入式照明灯具2x28W Fluorescent fitting C/W prismatic diffuser2x28W 荧光灯，包括棱镜式散光罩1x26W PLC recessed down-light1x26W PLC 嵌入式筒灯2x26W PLC recessed down-light2x26W PLC 嵌入式筒灯2x18W PLC recessed down-light2x18WPLC 嵌入式筒灯11W recessed/suspended mount down-light11W 嵌入式/悬挂式筒灯1x150W high bay light1x150W 高顶灯2x55W weatherproof (IP54) aircraft obstruction light2x55W 防雨（IP54）航空障碍灯A-denotes fitting connected to battery pack (type as above)A指示灯，同电池组相连接（类型同上）Single sided exit light (Type E1)单侧出口灯（类型E1）Similar to Type E1 but with an additional arrow pointing to the right (Type E2)同类型E1相似，但是多一个向右的指示箭头（类型E2）Similar to Type E1 but with an additional arrow pointing to the left (Type E3)同类型E1相似，但是多一个向左的指示箭头（类型E3）Double faced exit light with an additional arrow on each face pointing to the left/right as appropriate (Type E4)双面出口灯，每面多一个指示箭头，指示左或者右（视情况而定）（类型E4）Similar to Type E1 but with an additional arrow pointing to the opposite directions (Type E5) 同类型E1相似，但是多一个指示箭头，指示相反的方向（类型E5）Switches开关LTG SW., 1 Gang One-way(Lighting)照明开关，1组单向LTG SW., One-way (2S denotes 2 Gang)照明开关，单向（2S表示2组）LTG SW., Two-way照明开关，双向LTG SW., Two-way (2S denotes 2 Gang)照明开关，双向（2S表示2组）Intermediate LTG SW., 1Gang中间照明开关，1组Intermediate LTG SW (2S denotes 2 Gang)中间照明开关（2S表示2组）Weatherproof LTG SW防雨照明开关Flameproof LTG SW防火照明开关DP LTG SW., 1Gang One-way双杆照明开关（Double Pole），1组单向Intermediate LTG SW （2S denotes 2Gang）中间照明开关（2S表示2组）Weatherproof LTG SW防雨照明开关Splash-proof LTG SW防溅式照明开关DP LTG SW., 1 Gang One-way双杆照明开关，1组单向Lighting switch panel照明开关柜Denotes switches of metal-clad type金属壳开关（铠装）Dimmer C/W switch调光器，包括开关Dimmer rack调光柜Dimmer switch panel (Digital type)调光器开关柜（数字型）20A DP switch C/W neon indication lamp and marked “water heater”20安培双杆开关，包括氖管指示灯，并标示“热水器”20A DP switch C/W neon indication lamp and marked “washing machine”20安培双杆开关，包括氖管指示灯，并标示“洗衣机”Bell push switch marked with Bell symbol铃按钮开关，并标记有“铃”符号Door chime point门铃Buzzer point蜂铃ElectricalAir/oil/vacuum circuit breaker (Rating and No. of poles as shown)空气、油压、真空断路器Moulded case/miniature circuit breaker (Rating and No. of poles as shown)断路器模块、小型断路器（跳菲）Residual current circuit breaker (RCCB) Rating and No. of poles as shown漏电断路器、漏电保护器DB/MB/MP/SSB/ESSB/LSB/LDB配电盘、量表板、计量盘、分配电板、电梯配电盘MSB/EMSB/GCP/PCP主配电柜、发电机控制箱、泵控制箱Subsidiary control panel辅助控制柜Tenant’s metering panel C/W MCBs subsidiary control panel and isolating SW. to powergrid’s approval租户计量盘，包括微型断路器二级控制箱和隔离开关（获得电网批准）Over-ground distribution box地上配电箱Isolation SW (Rating as shown)隔离开关Fuse switch (Rating as shown)熔丝开关、保险丝开关Switch-fuse (Rating as shown)开关熔断器、开关保险丝Fireman’s switch消防开关Junction box接线箱Cable end C/W termination kit电缆端头，包括端子箱Ammeter安培表V oltmeter电压表Power factor meter功率因数表Frequency meter频率计Kilowatt meter电力计、千瓦计Kilowatt-hour meter电表Maximum demand meter with alarm最大需量计，带警报Hour run meter运行小时计Energy monitoring device comprising current transformers, transducers, etc. For remote reading/logging of kilowatt-hour consumption能量监测装置，包括电流变压器、变送器等，用于远程读取、记录电能损耗Overcurrent/earth fault protection relay with instantaneous high set element (IDMTL characteristic unless otherwise indicated)过电流、接地故障保护继电器。

Enclosure Climate Control Unit工业控制柜制冷机Assembly Instructions安装说明书（ECC 系列）内容1.应用场合2.技术参数3.安装方式4.安全与注意5.电气连接6.常规操作7.工作原理8.维护保养9.质量保证10.电气原理图11.安装尺寸图1．应用场合工业控制柜制冷机通过把控制柜的空气冷却同时把柜内热量驱散出柜外，从而保护控制柜内的电气元件在可控的范围内运行。

制冷机同时具有除湿功能，保证控制柜内有理想的温度和湿度。

2．技术参数壁装系列型号 ECC225ECC320 ECC680 ECC825设计电压VAC/ Hz230/50可用制冷功率W（L35 L30)225 320 680 825外形尺寸（H×W×D）mm445×286×181 630×350×190 制冷剂 R134a环境温度/可调节范围(℃) 20～55 / 20～38重量（Kg） 15 16 26 28型号 ECC1100ECC1500设计电压VAC/ Hz230/50可用制冷功率W（L35 L30)1100 1500外形尺寸（H×W×D）mm400×1000×240制冷剂 R134a环境温度/可调节范围(℃) 20～55 / 20～38重量（Kg） 38 41顶装系列型号 ECC680T ECC1100T ECC1500T设计电压VAC /Hz230/50可用制冷功率W680 1100 1500外形尺寸（H×W×D）mm350×527×335 410×608×427制冷剂 R134a R22环境温度/可调节范围(℃) 20～55 / 20～38重量（Kg） 26 36 403．安装方式根据产品的型号，制冷机可以有壁装，顶装，两种安装方式，开孔图详见下面的安装尺寸图3.1外挂式按照开孔图开孔，把相应型号的制冷机用随附的螺钉先安装到控制柜上，使用制冷机后面的内六角螺钉与控制柜锁紧。

Specification Sheet SS-CP-2280-USFeaturesDesigned for people who perform tests and verifications of temperature sensing devices in the field. This instrument is ideal when time is a criti-cal factor and the highest accuracy is not a critical factor.Reduced size and weight are important considerations because the unit is able to fit into a tool box or instrument carrying case and can be used for sensors that are difficult to access.One-key-one-function user interface provides immediate access to set-ting the temperature and the auto-step timesaving function. There is no need for manipulation of sophisticated menus.The Stability indicator provides audible and visual prompts when the temperature is stable. This function also includes a 3 minute countdown before the stable condition.Stainless steel and rubber side panels make the instrument suitable for many years of faithful duty in an industrial environment.PRODUCT DESCRIPTIONHeats up by up to 100°C / 212°F per minute and completes a full dual-point test in less than 10 min-utes, including stability time; timesavings at your fingertips! The ETC- series is designed for field testing of temperature measure-ment devices.The small size and light weight make it a perfect instrument to verify sensors in difficult to reach places.All JOFRA ETC units have many of the same useful and timesaving features offered in the more advanced JOFRA dry-block series.Model ETC-seriesEasy Temperature CalibratorETC-400 R for infrared thermometersThe ETC-400 R is designed for optimum speed in connec-tion with calibration of infrared thermometers. The 36 mm target provides the optimum size for reliable calibrationof infrared thermometers in the process industry as it is designed for high accuracy and long-term stability while maintaining speed.With regard to the coating of the target it has been espe-cially designed for space technology applications, which secure long time performance under high temperature influence. In combination with the shape of the target it ensures the emissivity of 0.96.If higher accuracy is required, and for recalibration, a 3 mm external JOFRA STS reference probe can be placed under the surface of the target.Find ordering information for the STS-103 B reference sensor at page 7.Super fast heating - ETC-400 A dry-blockThe ETC-400 A is designed for optimum speed. The heat-ing block is built around a highly efficient heating element. The insertion holes for the temperature device undertest are located around this element. To reduce mass and increase effectiveness, there is no removable inser-tion tube; the holes are drilled directly into the block. The minimal mass offers an extremely fast heating and cooling time. The different layouts also make it possible to use an external JOFRA STS reference probe during the calibra-tion. Choose the combination of holes that best suits your needs from our various design combinations.If your application requires a dry-block that can handle large sensors or more than one sensor at a time, we offer several other JOFRA dry-block calibrators that can meet your needs.Cooling and heating - ETC-125 A dry-blockThe ETC-125 A is a simple yet effective tool for verify-ing temperature instruments that also require references below ambient temperatures: e.g. air-conditioning and cold counters. The predrilled holes allow the use of an insertion tube in the largest bore. This increases the flex-ibility to match many sensor-under-test sizes.Easy-to-use, intuitive operationAll instrument controls are accessed directly from the front panel. The main functions on the ETC series are designed with one-key-one-function logic. This means that there are no difficult multiple keystrokes to remember to access pri-mary functions. The easy-to-read, backlit display features dedicated icons, which help in identifying instrument con-ditions and operational steps.Set temperatureThe ’’Up’’ and ’’Down’’ arrow keys allow the user to set the exact temperature desired with a resolution of 0.1°C or °F.Instrument setupsThe ETC-series stores the complete instrument setup, including: engineering units, stability criteria, resolution, auto-step settings, and maximum temperature.Stability indicatorThe bold checkmark on the display indicates that the calibrator has reached the desired set temperature and is stable. The operator may change the stability criteria and establish a greater level of confidence in the calibration results as desired. A convenient countdown timer is acti-vated three minutes before the unit reaches stability. Thisprompts you to be prepared to record results.2 JOFRA IR-LAB software for the ETC-400 RAs an extra feature the ETC-400 R will be delivered with a small mathematical program, which will constitute a powerful tool together with the calibrator. The program enables you to calculate at which temperatures you need to calibrate, if your IR thermometer is either locked to a fixed emission factor or if you just want to calibrate your thermometer at a certain emission factor. The program fa-cilitates the whole issue of correcting settings of emission factors and temperatures.The calibration surface of the JOFRA ETC-400 R IR calibrator has an emission factor of 0,96. If your IR-ther-mometer is using a different emission factor than 0.96, the result will be a faulty temperature reading on your IR thermometer. However if your IR thermometer is using an emission factor of 0.95 or 0.98 – a helpfull diagram is part of the standard delivery.Example: Your thermometer is locked to an emission factor of 0,98 and you have set the JOFRA ETC-400 R to 300°C. The diagram indicates that 3,9°C must be subtracted from the calibrator temperature, to obtain the “true” IR thermometer reading (296,1°C).If you are working with IR thermometers where the emis-sion factor is different than 0.95, 0.96 or 0.98, or other parameters differ from “standard”, use the PC program JOFRA IR-Lab. The JOFRA IR-Lab program allows you to type in various emission factors, in order to get a “true” temperature readout on your thermometer or the other way around - what is the true surface temperature of the calibrator. But the IR-Lab will do more than that; it allows you to calculate “true” temperatures in simulated sur-roundings that approximate your actual test environments.Calibration of up to 24 sensors with JOFRA ASMUsing the JOFRA ETC series together with the ASMAdvanced Signal Multi-scanner offers a great time-saving automatic solution to calibrate multiple temperature sen-sors at the same time.The ASM series is an eight channel scanner controlled by JOFRACAL software on a PC. Up to 3 ASM units can be stacked to calibrate up to 24 sensors at the same time. It can handle signals from 2-, 3- and 4 wire RTD’s, TC’s, transmitters, thermisters, temperature switches and volt-age.Please also see more in specification sheet SS-CP-2360, which can be found at www.jofra.comAuto-steppingThis feature saves time. The operator may stay in the con-trol room, or another remote location, monitoring the out-put from the sensor-under-test while the ETC- series cali-brator is placed in the process and automatically changes the temperature using a programmed step value and rate. Up to 9 different temperature steps may be programmed, including the hold time for each step. This feature is also ideal for burning-in new sensors prior to installation; this minimizes initial drift and allows for initial testing. It is also useful for testing temperature data loggers.Maximum temperatureFrom the setup menu, you can select a lower maximum tem-perature limit for the calibrator. This function prevents damage to the sensor-under-test caused by the application of exces-sive temperatures.Re-calibration/adjustments made easyThe ETC- series has a very easy and straightforward pro-cedure for re-calibration/adjustment. There is no need for a screwdriver or PC software. The only thing you need is a reliable reference thermometer. Place the probe in thecalibrator and follow the instructions on the display.Use the ETC calibrator with JOFRACAL calibration software 3122832 Cleaning Brushes - 4 mm - Package of 3 pcs 60F174 Cleaning Brushes - 6 mm - Package of 3 pcs 122822 Cleaning Brushes - 8 mm - Package of 3 pcs 125002 Edgeport Converter with 4 pcs of RS232 ports 124094Carrying Case for ETC Series1) The ETC-400 R is delivered with a carrying case as standard because it is important to keep dust away from the surface of the target on the ETC-400 R. The reason being that a clean surface is important to keep the emissivity and thereby the accuracy. The car-rying case is optional for ETC-400 A and ETC-125 A.STANDARD DELIVERYJOFRA ETC dry-block calibratorTraceable calibration certificate - temperatureperformanceJOFRACAL calibration software User and reference manual Mains power cable Shoulder strap RS232 cable1 × predrilled insertion tube (ETC-125 A only)Tool for insertion tubes (ETC-125 A only)Carrying case (ETC-400 R only) 1)JOFRA IR-LAB calibration software (ETC-400 R only)Emissivity table (ETC-400 R only)••••••••••••ACCESSORIESCarrying case (Optional for ETC-125 / 400 A) - 124094The optional protective carrying case ensures safe trans-portation and storage of the instrument and all associated equipment.JOFRACAL CALIBRATION SOFTWAREJOFRACAL calibration software ensures easy calibration of RTD´s, thermocouples, transmitters, thermoswithes, pressure gauges and pressure switches. JOFRACAL can be used with JOFRA DPC-500, APC, CPC and IPI pres-sure calibrators, all JOFRA temperature calibrators, as well as JOFRA AMC900, ASC300 multi signal calibrator and ASM-800 signal multi scanner.JOFRACAL calibration software may also be used for manual calibrations, as it can be set up to accept manual entry of calibration data together with other liquid baths, ice points or dry-block heat sources.The calibration data collected may be stored on a PC for later recall or analysis. The calibrator stores the calibration procedure and may be taken out to the process site with-out using a personal computer.Once all calibrations are completed, the data may be uploaded to the JOFRACAL calibration software for post-processing and printing of certificates. The calibration data collected may be stored on the personal computer for later recall or analysis.The JOFRACAL temperature calibration software may bedonwloaded from our web-page .Please also see more about JOFRACAL calibration software in specification sheet SS-CP-2510, which can be found atJOFRACAL softwareMinimum hardware requirements for JOFRACAL calibra-tion software.INTEL TM 486 processor(PENTIUM TM 800 MHz recommended)32 MB RAM (64 MB recommended)80 MB free disk space on hard disk prior to installation Standard VGA (800 x 600, 16 colors) compatible screen (1024 x 786, 256 colors recommended)CD-ROM drive for installation of the program 1 free RS232 serial port••••••••4 *******************************°C/73°F ETC-125 A Maximum ........................................................125°C / 257°F *********************°C/32°F...........-18°C / -0°F **********************°C/73°F............-10°C/14°F **********************°C/104°F...........6°C / 43°F ETC-400 A ......................28 to 400°C / 82 to 752°F@ 23°C ETC-400 R ......................28 to 400°C / 82 to 752°F@ 23°C Resolution (user-selectable)Selectable .............................................................1º or 0.1ºHeating timeETC-125 A-10 to 23°C / 14 to 73°F .........................................3 minutes 23 to 100°C / 73 to 212°F ....................................11 minutes 100 to 125°C / 212 to 257°F ..................................7 minutes ETC-400 A / R28 to 200°C / 82 to 392°F .....................................2 minutes 200 to 400°C / 392 to 752°F .................................3 minutes Cooling timeETC-125 A125 to 100°C / 257 to 212°F .................................1 minute 100 to 0°C / 212 to 32°F ......................................17 minutes 0 to -10°C / 32 to 14°F .........................................14 minutes ETC-400 A400 to 200°C / 752 to 392°F .................................6 minutes 200 to 50°C / 392 to 122°F ..................................15 minutes ETC-400 R400 to 200°C / 752 to 392°F .................................9 minutes 200 to 50°C / 392 to 122°F ..................................24 minutes StabilityETC-125 A ..............................................±0.05°C / +0.09°F ETC-400 A .............................................±0.15°C / +0.27°F ETC-400 R ...............................................±0.3°C / ±0.54°FMeasured after the stability indicator has been on for 10 minutes. Measuring time is 30 minutes.Time to stability (approximate)All models .............................................................3 minutes AccuracyETC-125 A ...............................................+0.5°C / +0.9°F 1)ETC-400 A ..............................................+0.5°C / +0.9°F 1) ETC-400 R ..............................................±0.5°C / ±0.9°F 2) ETC-400 R incl. emissivity....................................±0.4% rdg ±1°C / ±0.4% rdg. ±1.8°F1) Specification when using the internal reference. (Load 4 mm OD reference probe in the center of the insert).2) Specification when using the internal reference. (Load 3 mmOD reference probe).FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATIONSImmersion depthETC-125 A (insulation included) ................. 110 mm / 4.3 in ETC-400 A ...................................................105 mm / 4.1 in Mains specificationsVoltage ETC-125 A .........Multivoltage 115VAC and 230VAC ........................................115V(90-132) and 230V(180-264)Voltage ETC-400 A/R .......115V(90-127) or 230V(180-254)Frequency ETC-125 A ..........................................47 - 63 Hz Frequency ETC-400 A/R .....................................45 - 65 Hz Power consumption (max.) ETC-125 A .......................75 VA Power consumption (max.) ETC-400 A/R .................350 WKEY FEATURESAuto steppingProgrammable .................................................Up to 9 steps Dwell time on each step ...............................Programmable Multi-information displayStability indicator .......................................Clear checkmark Countdown timer before stable .............................3 minutes Temperature .......................SET and READ simultaneously Alphanumeric messages ................................................Yes Calibration status icons ..................................................Yes Training mode (heating/cooling block disabled)Simulation of all functions ..............................................Yes Simulating heating and cooling .....Approx. 100° per minute Service facilitiesAdjustment of the unit from the keypad .........................Yes Self explaining guide in display......................................... Y es Other information: ............................Display serial number, ..................software revision level, and last calibration date Setup facilitiesStability criteria: .........Extra time before ’’stable indication’’ ................................................................................is shown Display resolution ..............................................1° or 1°C/°F Temperature units ...................................................°C or °F Slope rate .................................................0.1 to 9.9°/minute Maximum temperature.....................Any value within range 5INSERTS FOR ETC SERIESMetric Multi-hole Type 21(ETC-400 A)Type 51 ETC-400 R36 mm (1.4 in) targetImperial Type 02 (ETC-125 A)Metric Type 01 (ETC-125 A)Imperial Multi-hole Type 12(ETC-400 A)Imperial Multi-hole Type 11(ETC-400 A)PHYSICAL SPECIFICATIONSInstrument dimensionsETC-125 A, ETC-400 A and ETC-400 RL × W × H: ................172 × 72 × 182 mm / 6.8 × 2.8 × 7.2 in Instrument weightETC-125 A .......................................................1.8 kg / 3.9 lb ETC-400 A ......................................................1.6 kg / 3.5 lb ETC-400 R ......................................................1.7 kg / 3.7 lb Shipping (including shipping cargo box)ETC-125 A: ......................................................3.0 kg / 6.6 lb ETC-400 A: ....................................................2.8 kg / 6.2 lb ETC-400 R ......................................................4.5 kg / 9.9 lb Size, L × W × H:ETC-125 A / 400 A: .............................................................. .............................345 × 235 × 135 mm / 13.6 × 9.3 × 5.3 in ETC-400 R .........425 x 320 x 165 mm / 16.7 x 12.5 x 6.5 in MiscellaneousSerial data interface .................................................RS232Operating temperature .....................0 to 40°C / 32 to 104°F Storage temperature ......................-20 to 50o C / -4 to 122o F Humidity ..........................................................0 to 90% RH Protection class ...........................................................IP-10DNV Marine Approval, Certificate no ......................A-103846 STS103B150AH Sample order numberReference Pt100 150 mm., cable length 0.5 m (1.6 ft.) with LEMO termination and accredited certificateIt is not easy to make a good quality reference probe. The main requirement of a reference probe is stability. This means minimal drift as a function of operating time at the actual temperature. The less the probe drifts, the lower the measurement uncertainty.Especially for the ETC-400 R calibrator JOFRA hasdesigned a special 3 mm STS reference sensor, the STS-103 B. The sensor can be used as a reference sensor when a higher accuracy is required or for recalibration of the ETC-400 R. Due to the small immersion depth require-ment of the sensor it can be placed under the surface of the target.Temperature rangeAll probes ..................................-50 to 400°C / -58 to 752°F AccuracyHysteresis 1) @0°C / 32°F ..............................0.01°C / 0.02°F Long term stability 2) @0°C / 32°F .....typ. 0.014°C / 0.025°F Repeatability 1) ........................................0.005°C / 0.009°FNote 1: When used in the range -45 to 400°C / -49 to 752°F. Note 2: When exposed to 400°C / 752°F for 100 h. Stability will depend on actual use of the sensor.Sensing elementType .............................................................................Pt100Nominal resistance@0°C / 32°F .................................100 ΩLength ............................................................6 mm / 0.2 in Temperature coefficient .........................α100=0.00385 1/°C Minimum immersion depthSTS-103 B (3 mm / 0.12 in): ..........................40 mm / 1.6 in Self-heating effect 0.06°C/mW / 0.108°F/mW Response timeτ0.5 (50%) ..............................................................5 seconds τ0.9 (90%) ............................................................15 secondsLiquid in motion v=0.4m/s.Electrical connectionsCable .............................................................4 wire + shield Connection ...............................................LEMO goldplated Insulation resistance@ 23°C / 73°F .....................................................100 Gohm @ 400°C / 752°F ...................................................70 Mohm Outer tube Inconel 600Operating conditions(Probe, connection, and cable) ..............Max. 70°C / 158°F Storage temperature ....................-20 to 70o C / -4 to 158o F Humidity ..........................................................0 to 90% RH Protection class (connectors) ...................DIN 40050 IP-50Shipping dimensions - including carrying case L x W x H ..............750 x 140 x 140 mm / 29.5 x 5.5 x 5.5 in Shipping weight including packingSTS-103 B ..........................................................2 kg / 4.4 lbSPECIFICATIONS STS-103 BJOFRA STS-103 B probeCable - according to order number Accredited certificate, points: -45, -20, 0, 50, 100, 200, 400°C Plastic carrying case with foam insert User manual•••••STANDARD DELIVERYDimensionsRef.mm inch A 150 5.91B30.12JOFRA STS-103 B 7Order no. DescriptionBase model numberETC125A ETC-125 A, -10 to 125°C / 14 to 257°F ETC400A ETC-400 A, 28 to 400°C / 82 to 752°F ETC400RETC-400 R, 28 to 400°C / 82 to 752°CPower supply115 ETC-400 A/R only: 115 VAC, 50/60 Hz 230 ETC-400 A/R only: 230 VAC, 50/60 HzMUL ETC-125 A only: Multi voltage 115 and 230 VAC Mains power cable type A European, 230 V, B USA/Canada, 115 V C UK, 240 VD South Africa, 220 VE Italy, 220 VF Australia, 240 VG Denmark, 230 VH Switzerland, 220 V IIsrael, 230 VHoles for sensor-under-test01 ETC125 A - Metric (12.5 mm, 6 mm, 4 mm, 8 mm) 02 ETC125 A - Imperial (1/2 in, 3/8 in, 1/4 in, 5/32 in) 11 ETC400 A - Imperial (1/16 in, 1/8 in, 5/32 in, 3/16 in, 1/4 in) 12 ETC400 A - Imperial (1/16, 1/8 in, 3/16 in, 1/4 in, 3/8 in) 21 ETC400 A - Metric (2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm) 51 ETC400 RCalibration certificateE NPL and NIST traceable calibration certificate (standard delivery)H Accredited calibration certificate(on quotation basis)OptionsC Carrying case (standard for ETC-400 R)ETC400A230A21EC Sample order numberJOFRA ETC-400 A series dry-block, 230 VAC power, European power cord, metric drilled multihole block, standard NPL/NIST traceable certifi-cate and carrying case.ORDERING INFORMATIONPub code SS-CP-2280-US Issue 09018 Sales & Service Offices:AMETEK Mansfield & Green (North America)Tel:+18005279999•*******************AMETEK Singapore Pte. Ltd. (Singapore)Tel:+6564842388•***************.sg AMETEK Inc. Beijing Rep. Office (China)Tel:+861085262111•****************.cn AMETEK GmbH (Germany)Tel:+4921599136510•*********************AMETEK Calibration Instruments (UK)Tel:+44(0)1489486404•***************.ukHeadquarters:AMETEK Denmark A/SGydevang 32-34 • 3450 Allerød • Denmark Tel:+4548168000•****************Sales & Service:Europe, Asia, Africa, Middle East and South AmericaInformation in this document is subject to change without notice. ©2007, by AMETEK, Inc., . All rights reserved.AMETEK Calibration Instrumentsis one of the world’s leading manufacturers anddevelopers of calibration instruments for temperature, pressure and process signals as well as for temperature sensors both from a commercial and a technological point of view. JOFRA Temperature InstrumentsPortable precision thermometers. Dry-block and liquid bath calibrators: 4 series, with more than25 models and temperature ranges from-90° to 1205°C / -130° to 2200°F. All featuring speed,portability, accuracy and advanced documenting functions with JOFRACAL calibration software.JOFRA Pressure InstrumentsConvenient electronic systems ranging from-1 to 1000 bar (25 inHg to 14,500 psi) -multiple choices of pressure ranges, pumps andaccuracies, fully temperature-compensatedfor problem-free and accurate field use. JOFRA Signal InstrumentsProcess signal measurement and simulation for easy control loop calibration and measurementtasks - from handheld field instruments tolaboratory reference level bench top instruments.JOFRA / JF Marine InstrumentsA complete range of calibration equipmentfor temperature, pressure and signal,approved for marine use.FP Temperature SensorsA complete range of temperature sensorsfor industrial and marine use.M&G Pressure TestersPneumatic floating-ball or hydraulic piston dead weight testers with accuracies to 0.015% of reading.M&G PumpsPressure generators from small pneumatic “bicycle” style pumps to hydraulic pumps generating up to 1,000 bar (15,000 psi)....because calibration is a matter of confidence。

生物颗粒燃料熔炼炉使用维护、保养说明书Operation and Maintenance Instruction of Bio-mass Pellet FuelSmelting Furnace泰州杰利瑞节能科技发展有限公司Taizhou Jie Lirui Energy Technology Development Co., Ltd敬告！Attention!请用户使用前详细阅读产品使用维护、保养说明书，并请在使用过程中严格遵循产品使用维护、保养说明书，若由用户使用不当引起的损坏制造商将不承担责任，碳化硅石墨坩埚属易耗件，不在质保范围。

Please read the product operation and maintenance instruction carefully before use, and strictly follow the product operation and maintenance instruction during the operation. In case of any damage caused by improper use, the manufacturer will not be liable; the silicon carbide graphite crucible is subject to vulnerable part and excluded in the warranty scope.目录Catalog1 概述Introduction2 组成Components3 主要技术参数Main technical parameters4 主要用途及适用范围Main applications and applicable scopes5 配电要求Power distribution requirements6 安装Installation7 启动前检查Check before start-up8 烘炉Dry-off operation for furnace9 使用与维护Operation and maintenance10 碳化硅石墨坩埚使用注意事项Precautions for using silicon carbide graphite crucible11 常见故障与排除Common faults and troubleshooting12 运输及开箱检查Transportation and out-of-box inspection13 技术支持Technical support 1 概述Introduction生物颗粒燃料熔炼炉（以下简称“熔炼炉”）采用半气化复合燃烧技术，具有低碳环保、高效节能、操作维护简单的特点，是替代燃油炉、燃气炉、焦碳炉、电炉的最佳产品，可以降低30%～60%的能耗成本。

热电偶温度计型号：911B, 912B 热电偶温度计操作手册rev B手册零件编号：911B-900, Rev. B2018 年 1 月出版，Geneva, OH注意事项版权声明© TEGAM, Inc., 2018依据美国和国际版权法规定，事先未取得TEGAM, Inc 的书面同意，禁止以任何形式或方式对本手册的内容进行复制（包括电子存储和检索或翻译为其他语言）。

本手册零件编号：911B-900修订版 B，2018 年 1 月取代：修订版 A，2017 年 11 月出版者：TEGAM, Inc.10 TEGAM WayGeneva, OH 44041免责说明和手册修订：本用户手册中包含的材料，以及与本手册相关的所有计算机软件或涉及的产品均以现况提供，如在以后的修订版中做出变更，恕不另行通知。

本用户手册在出版时为最新版本。

不过TEGAM 致力于持续不断地对产品做出改进，因此本手册中所涵盖的产品和所有相关的计算机软件都可能会定期在功能和设计上进行更新。

如需最新的产品文件，请访问 。

美国政府权利计算机软件和/或技术数据是自费开发的专有资料。

授予联邦政府的计算机软件和技术数据权利仅包括通常给予公众的权利，并遵循联邦政府FAR 12.211 （技术数据）和FAR 12.212（计算机软件）以及国防部的DFARS 252.227-7015 （技术数据－商业制品）和DFARS 227-7202-3 （商业计算机软件或计算机软件文档中的权利）。

除上述明确许可外，禁止复制计算机软件和技术数据中的信息或插图用于非政府性用途。

兼容性安全注意事项符号和术语安全注意事项代表着危险。

其表示如错误执行或遵守操作程序、说明或实践，可导致设备损坏、人员受伤或死亡。

在未充分理解和遵守所有条件和说明前，请勿超出安全注意事项的要求执行操作。

安全注意事项符号：警告警告代表迫近的危险，可能导致人员受伤或死亡。

小心注意代表可能导致装置或其他设备损坏的危险。

工程部 / Design department:1) Designer - 设计师。

2) Assembly drawing - 模具组装图。

3) Mold layout - 模具结构图。

4) 2D product drawing - 2D产品图。

5) 3D product data - 3D产品数据。

6) Part drawing - 散件图。

7) Insert molding - 镶件模。

8) 2 color mold / Double injection tool - 双色模。

9) Hydraulic system - 油/水压系统。

10) Parting line - 分模线。

11) Air venting - 排气槽。

12) Cooling system - 冷却系统。

13) Screw - 镙丝。

14) Hot runner system - 热流道。

15) Valve gate - 伐针入水口。

16) Fan gate - 扇型入水口。

17) Pin point gate - 针点进胶。

18) Moon gate / Banana gate - 香蕉，象牙入水口。

19) Submarine gate - 潜水口。

20) Injection machine tonnage - 注塑机吨数。

21) Number of cavity - 穴数。

22) Steel - 钢材。

23) Copper - 铜。

24) Tungsten copper - 钨铜。

25) Beryllium copper - 铍铜。

26) Hardening - 加硬/淬火。

27) Tempering - 回火。

28) Chroming - 电镀。

29) Painting - 喷漆。

30) Resin - 胶材。

31) Printing - 丝印。

32) Texturing - 嗮纹/咬花。

33) Socket screw - 带肩镙丝。

热电偶安装手册（中英文）WR系列热电偶WR Series ThermocoupleWZ系列热电阻WR Series Thermocouple使用安装手册Installation & Operation Manual安徽天康（集团）股份有限公司Anhui Tiankang (Group) Shares Co., Ltd目录Index1、概述General Description (1)2、工作原理Operation Theory (1)3、结构Configuration (2)4、主要技术参数Main Technical Parameters (3)5、安装及使用Installation & Operation (5)6、可能发生的故障及维修Possible Troubles & Maintenance (7)7、运输及储存Transportation & Storage (8)8、订货须知Notices in Ordering (8)9、型号命名Type Naming (9)1、概述General Description工业用热电偶作为温度测量和调节的传感器，通常与显示仪表等配套，以直接测量各种生产过程中-40～1600℃液体、蒸汽和气体介质以及固体表面温度；As sensor for temperature measuring and regulation, industrial-purpose thermocouple is usually connected with display meter and other meters to directly measure temperature of liquid, vapor, gas and solid surface ranging from -40℃to 1600℃.工业用热电阻作为温度测量和调节的传感器，通常与显示仪表等配套，以直接测量各种生产过程中-200～500℃液体、蒸汽和气体介质以及固体表面温度。

Enclosure Climate Control Unit工业控制柜制冷机Assembly Instructions安装说明书（FCC系列）雷子克（广州）电气设备有限公司 Let Us Take You To The Top...3.3顶装按照开孔图开孔, 再锁紧制冷机底部内置的螺丝孔保证制冷机与控制柜的固定与密封。

4．安全与注意安全提示¾制冷机为精密电气，搬运务必轻放，严禁倒置，倾斜存放。

¾安装制冷机前，应该先取开外壳，（松开制冷机顶部的螺丝，由下向上垂直推卸外壳），把制冷机安装上控制柜后再把外壳装上制冷机（靠紧制冷机四周边框，由上向下卡入钩环，再拧紧制冷机顶部的两粒螺钉）¾因制冷机为无冷凝水设计，制冷机的出水管只为安全备份使用，正常使用时无水导出，不必考虑冷凝水的处理。

注意事项¾制冷机在灰尘大，或油性，毛绒的环境务必及时清理过滤网，否则会影响制冷机性能。

¾制冷机入风口需安装到控制柜体的上部。

¾控制柜外的温度不能超过55摄氏度，但短暂的高温并不影响制冷机运作。

¾包装应完好，如果发现制冷机有油渍，极有可能是泄漏制冷剂，包装的任何损坏都有可能引起制冷机的故障。

¾控制柜必须达到IP54，如果控制柜有漏洞或缝隙，冷凝水可能会发生。

¾制冷机之间或制冷机与墙壁距离至少不小于200mm¾在控制柜内部，制冷机入风和出风口不可有障碍物阻塞。

¾制冷机需水平安装、使用，最大倾斜角度不大于2°¾维护及送电必须由专业人员操作。

¾为避免冷凝物的形成，建议采用门位开关，保证当控制柜门打开时，制冷机必须关闭。

¾控制柜内部的电气元件的热释放不能超过制冷机可用制冷功率，否则会出现制冷机长期运作。

¾不可用任何方式修改制冷机。

5．电气联接电压与频率必须与制冷机的铭牌相匹配，在制冷机电气联接前端不可有其他的温度控制，制冷机上回路电保护元件应与制冷机额定功率相吻合，在安装时参考相关说明。

目录Contents前言Foreword (4)一锅炉安装 (5)I Boiler Installation (5)安装前的准备工作： (5)Preparation Work before Installation： (5)§1 锅炉钢结构及吊挂装置的安装 (7)§1 Installation of Steel Structure and Hanger (7)§2 锅筒的安装 (13)§2 Installation of Boiler Drum (13)§3 水冷壁 (15)§3 Installation of Water Wall (15)§4 过热系统的安装 (17)§4 Installation of Superheating System (17)§5 水冷旋风分离器的安装 (19)§5 Installation of Water-cooled Cyclone Separator (19)§6 省煤器的安装 (20)§6 Installation of Economizer (20)§7 空气预热器的安装 (21)§7 Installation of Air Preheater (21)§8 燃烧设备的安装 (21)§8 Installation of Combustion Equipment (21)§9 下水管、连接管、管道及附件的安装 (23)§9 Installation of Downcomer, Connecting Pipe, Piping and Fittings (23)§10 锅炉密封 (25)§10 Tight Seal of Boiler (25)§11 锅炉水压试验 (26)§11 Boiler Hydraulic Test (26)§12 Construction of Furnace Wall (27)§13 锅炉安装顺序 (29)§13 Installation Sequence of Boiler (29)§14.锅炉辅助机械的安装 (29)§14. Installation of Boiler Auxiliaries (29)二锅炉启动、运行 (30)II. Boiler Start-up and Operation (30)§1 锅炉机组启动前应具备的条件 (31)§1 Preconditions of Boiler Start-up (31)§2 烘炉 (33)§2 Boiler Dry-up (33)§3 化学清洗： (35)§3 Chemical Cleaning (35)§4 锅炉机组启动前的检查与准备 (36)§4 Check and Preparation Work before Boiler Start-up (36)§5 锅炉机组启动方法与步骤 (39)§5 Start Method and Procedure of Boiler Unit (39)§6 过热器及主蒸汽管道的吹扫 (41)§6 Blowing of Superheater and Main Steam Pipe (41)§7 蒸汽严密性试验及安全阀的调整 (41)§7 Steam Leakage Test and Adjustment of Safety Valves (41)§8 启动要求及注意事项 (43)§8 Start-up Requirements and Matters for Attention (43)§9 锅炉运行中的监视与调整 (46)§9 Monitoring and Adjustment during Boiler Operation (46)§10 锅炉的压火与热启动 (47)§10 Boiler Banking-up and Hot Start-up (47)§11 锅炉机组的正常停止 (49)§11 Normal Shutdown of Boiler Unit (49)§12 故障处理 (51)§13 停炉后冷态再启动 (55)§13 Cold Re-start up after Shutdown (55)§14 启动中的组织与分工 (56)§14 Organization and Work Division during Boiler Start-up (56)§15 压火注意事项 (57)§15 Attentions on Banking-up (57)§16 锅炉的经济运行管理 (57)§16 Economic Operation and Management (57)三锅炉维护与检修 (59)III Maintenance and Overhauling (59)1 锅炉设备运行中的维修 (59)1 Maintenance during Boiler Operation (59)2 锅炉定期停炉检修 (60)2 Maintenance during Periodic Shutdown (60)3 锅炉机组的停（备）用保护 (61)3 Outage (Stand-by) Protection of Boiler Unit (61)前言Foreword循环流化床锅炉是我公司生产的主要电站锅炉之一。

THT（Through Hole Technology）：通孔安装技术SMT（Surface Mounted Technology）：表面安装技术PTH （Pin Through the Hole）：通孔安装THT (Through Hole Component) ：通孔插装元件SMB (Surface Mount Printed Circuit Board)：表面安装PCB板SMC (Surface Mount Component)：表面安装元件SMD (Surface Mount Device)：表面安装器件SMA (Surface Mount Assembly)：表面安装组件Component：元件Device：器件Assembly：组件CTE（coefficient of thermal expansion）：热膨胀系数In-circuit test：在线测试Lead configuration：引脚外形Placement equipment：贴装设备Reflow soldering：回流焊接Repair：修理Rework：返工Solderability：可焊性Soldermask：阻焊Yield：产出率Packaging density：装配密度Chip：片状元件melf：圆柱形元件PCB（Printed circuit board）：印刷电路板DIP：双列直插SIP：单列直插SOT（Small Outline Transistor）：小外形晶体管SOIC（Small outline IC）：小外形集成电路，SOP(Small outline Package)：小外型封装PLCC（Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier）：塑型有引脚芯片载体LCCC（Leadless Ceramic Chip Carrier）：无引脚陶瓷芯片载体QFP（Quad Flat Package）：多引脚方形扁平封装BGA（ Ball grid array）球栅列阵CSP（Chip Scale Package）：芯片规模的封装Bare Chip：裸芯片Accuracy：精度ATE（Automated test equipment）：自动测试设备AOI（Automatic optical inspection）：自动光学检查Blind via：盲孔Buried via：埋孔through via：通孔Bridge：锡桥Circuit tester：电路测试机CTE（Coefficient of the thermal expansion）：温度膨胀系数Cold solder joint：冷焊锡点Component density：元件密度Copper foil：铜箔Copper mirror test：铜镜测试Cure：烘焙固化Cycle rate：循环速率Defect：缺陷Desoldering：卸焊Downtime：停机时间FPT（Fine-pitch technology）：密脚距技术Flip chip：倒装芯片FCT（Functional test）：功能测试Golden boy：金样ICT（In-circuit test）：在线测试JIT（Just-in-time）：刚好准时Lead configuration：引脚外形Packaging density：装配密度Pick-and-place：拾取-贴装设备Placement equipment：贴装设备Reflow soldering：回流焊接Repair：修理Rework：返工Defect SoldeR少锡Schematic：原理图Solder bump：焊锡球Solderability：可焊性Soldermask：阻焊Tape-and-reel：带和盘Tombstoning：元件立起Ultra-fine-pitch：超密脚距Yield：产出率solder mask：阻焊漆silk screen：丝印面via：导孔Copper Clad Laminates：覆铜箔层压板past mask：焊膏膜(漏板）solder mask：焊接掩摸(阻焊膜）Solding Pasts：焊锡膏Stencils：模板、漏板、钢板Bridging：搭锡Cursting：发生皮层Excessive Paste：膏量太多Insufficient Paste：膏量不足Poor Tack Retention：粘着力不足Slumping：坍塌Smearing：模糊Dpm（defects per million）：百万缺陷率Flexibility：柔性Modularity：模块化Component Pick-Up：元件拾取Component Check：元件检查Component Transport：元件传送Placement Procedure：元件放置Chamber System：炉膛系统Blowholes：吹孔Voids：空洞Movement：移位Misalignment：偏斜Dewetting：缩锡Dull Joint：焊点灰暗Non-Dewetting：不沾锡Accuracy：精度Additive Process：加成工艺Adhesion：附着力Aerosol：气溶剂Angle of attack：迎角Anisotropic adhesive：各异向性胶Annular ring：环状圈Application specific integrated circuit ：ASIC特殊应用集成电路Array：列阵Artwork：布线图Automated test equipment：ATE自动测试设备Bond lift-off：焊接升离Bonding agent：粘合剂CAD/CAM system：计算机辅助设计与制造系统Capillary action：毛细管作用Chip on board ：COB板面芯片Circuit tester：电路测试机Cladding：覆盖层Cold cleaning：冷清洗Cold solder joint：冷焊锡点Conductive epoxy：导电性环氧树脂Conductive ink：导电墨水Conformal coating：共形涂层Copper foil：铜箔Copper mirror test：铜镜测试Cure：烘焙固化nought materiel 无料Cycle rate：循环速率Data recorder：数据记录器Defect：缺陷Delamination：分层Desoldering：卸焊Dewetting：去湿DFM：为制造着想的设计Dispersant：分散剂Documentation：文件编制Downtime：停机时间Durometer：硬度计Environmental test：环境测试Eutectic solders：共晶焊锡Fiducial：基准点Fillet：焊角Fine-pitch technology ：FPT密脚距技术Fixture：夹具Full liquidus temperature：完全液化温度Golden boy：金样Halides：卤化物Hard water：硬水Hardener：硬化剂Line certification：生产线确认Machine vision：机器视觉Mean time between failure ：MTBF平均故障间隔时间Nonwetting：不熔湿的Organic activated ：OA有机活性的Packaging density：装配密度Photoploter：相片绘图仪Placement equipment：贴装设备Repeatability：可重复性Rheology：流变学Schematic：原理图Semi-aqueous cleaning：不完全水清洗Shadowing：阴影Silver chromate test：铬酸银测试Slump：坍落Solder bump：焊锡球Solderability：可焊性Soldermask：阻焊Solids：固体Solidus：固相线Statistical process control ：SPC统计过程控制Storage life：储存寿命Subtractive process：负过程Surfactant：表面活性剂Syringe：注射器Tape-and-reel：带和盘Thermocouple：热电偶Tombstoning：元件立起Vapor degreaser：汽相去油器paste working 1ife：焊膏工作寿命paste shelf life：焊膏贮存寿命slump：塌落no-clean solder paste：免清洗焊膏low temperature paste：低温焊膏screen printing：丝网印刷screen printing plate：网版squeegee：刮板screen printer：丝网印刷机stencil printing：漏版印刷metal stencil：金属漏版flexible stencil：柔性金属漏版feeders：供料器tape feeder：带式供料器stick feeder：杆式供料器tray feeder：盘式供料器bulk feeder：散装式供料器feeder holder：供料器架placement accuracy：贴装精度shifting deviation：平移偏差rotating deviation：旋转偏差resolution：分辨率repeatability：重复性placement speed：贴装速度low speed placement equipment：低速贴装机general placement equipment：中速贴装机high speed placement equipment：高速贴装机precise placement equipment：精密贴装机optic correction system ：光学校准系统sequential placement：顺序贴装placement pressure：贴装压力placement direction：贴装方位flying：飞片flux bubbles：焊剂气泡dual wave soldering：双波峰焊self alignment：自定位skewing：偏移tomb stone effect：墓碑现象Manhattan effect：曼哈顿现象hot air reflow soldering：热风再流焊convection reflow soldering：热对流再流焊laser reflow soldering：激光再流焊vapor phase soldering(VPS)： 气相再流焊located soldering：局部软钎焊cleaning after soldering：焊后清洗AI :Auto-Insertion 自動插件AQL :acceptable quality level 允收水準ATE :automatic test equipment 自動測試ATM :atmosphere 氣壓BGA :ball grid array 球形矩陣CCD :charge coupled device 監視連接元件(攝影機) CLCC :Ceramic leadless chip carrier 陶瓷引腳載具COB :chip-on-board 晶片直接貼附在電路板上cps :centipoises(黏度單位) 百分之一CSB :chip scale ball grid array 晶片尺寸BGACSP :chip scale package 晶片尺寸構裝CTE :coefficient of thermal expansion 熱膨脹系數DIP :dual in-line package 雙內線包裝(泛指手插元件)FPT :fine pitch technology 微間距技術FR-4 :flame-retardant substrate 玻璃纖維膠片(用來製作PCB材質)IC :integrate circuit 積體電路IR :infra-red 紅外線Kpa :kilopascals(壓力單位)LCC :leadless chip carrier 引腳式晶片承載器MCM :multi-chip module 多層晶片模組MELF :metal electrode face 二極體MQFP :metalized QFP 金屬四方扁平封裝NEPCON :National Electronic Package andProduction Conference 國際電子包裝及生產會議PBGA:plastic ball grid array 塑膠球形矩陣PCB:printed circuit board 印刷電路板PFC :polymer flip chipPLCC:plastic leadless chip carrier 塑膠式有引腳晶片承載器Polyurethane 聚亞胺酯(刮刀材質)ppm:parts per million 指每百萬PAD(點)有多少個不良PAD(點)psi :pounds/inch2 磅/英吋2PWB :printed wiring board 電路板QFP :quad flat package 四邊平坦封裝SIP :single in-line packageSIR :surface insulation resistance 絕緣阻抗SMC :Surface Mount Component 表面黏著元件SMD :Surface Mount Device 表面黏著元件SMEMA :Surface Mount EquipmentManufacturers Association 表面黏著設備製造協會SMT :surface mount technology 表面黏著技術SOIC :small outline integrated circuitSOJ :small out-line j-leaded packageSOP :small out-line package 小外型封裝SOT :small outline transistor 電晶體SPC :statistical process control 統計過程控制SSOP :shrink small outline package 收縮型小外形封裝TAB :tape automaticed bonding 帶狀自動結合TCE :thermal coefficient of expansion 膨脹(因熱)係數Tg :glass transition temperature 玻璃轉換溫度THD :Through hole device 須穿過洞之元件(貫穿孔)TQFP :tape quad flat package 帶狀四方平坦封裝UV :ultraviolet 紫外線uBGA :micro BGA 微小球型矩陣cBGA :ceramic BGA 陶瓷球型矩陣PTH :Plated Thru Hole 導通孔IA Information Appliance 資訊家電產品MESH 網目OXIDE 氧化物FLUX 助焊劑LGA (Land Grid Arry)封裝技術 LGA封裝不需植球，適合輕薄短小產品應用。

PLEASE SAVE THIS MANUAL FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.READ THIS MANUAL CAREFULLY .SEE INSIDE COVER FOR IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT THIS MANUAL.KEEP INSTRUCTION WITH APPLIANCE FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.Version 20230719OUTDOOR RATEDPLEASE READ ALL INSTRUCTIONS PRIOR TO INSTALLING THE EUROFASE HEATING ELECTRICAL CONTROL BOX.This manual contains important information about the installation, and operation of the Eurofase Heating Electrical Control Box. Please pay close attention to the important safety information shown throughout this instruction manual.A LICENSED ELECTRICIAN IS REQUIRED TO INSTALL THIS PRODUCT.Note: Eurofase Heating reserves the right to make changes to specifications, parts, components and equipment without prior notification.This Installation, operation and service manual may not be reproduced in any form with prior written consent from Eurofase Heating.Head Office:33 West Beaver Creek Road, Richmond Hill, ON L4B 1L8 CanadaTel: Contents WARNINGS............................................................................................Page 2 & 4PRODUCT OVERVIEW............................................................................Page 5INSTALLATION / SAFETY INFORMATION..............................................Page 5WIRING DIAGRAMS...............................................................................Page 6-12PRODUCT: Eurofase Heating Electrical Control BoxThe Eurofase Heating Electrical Control Box makes managing your comfort zone easier. It helps control multiple heaters and furthermore, creates varied heat zones throughout your space. Optimizing the warmth based on your preference or your guests’ requirements becomes a tailor-made experience. For full coordination and a seamless application to your home or commercial space, the Eurofase Heating Electrical Control Box is compatible with any 0-10V , 120-277V lighting dimmer. This Eurofase Heating Electrical Control Box is a highly recommended addition for commercial spaces like restaurant patios where customers have individual heat preferences. Modify each area with precise temperature conditions that are easily accessible and achievable with this Eurofase Heating Electrical Control Box that is ETL listed and Made in Canada.PRODUCT FEATURES:• This Eurofase Heating Electrical Control Box is suitable for 0-10V Dimmer , where the grey wire is common (0V) and purple wire is positive (10 VDC).• One dimmer controls up to 12,000W at the applicable rated voltage.• Dimming capability: 0% to 100%• Eurofase Heating Electrical Control Box can control heaters with voltages ranging from 240V max or 480V max at the rated amperage.INSTALLATION:Study the Installation Instructions at the end of this document before starting installation.1. Open cover of box.2. Follow pages 6 to 9 to wire in power and heaters per the instruction manual drawings.3. Follow page 10 to 12 to wire in dimmers and timers as per the installation manual drawings.4. Refit cover to the box.OPERATION:Responsibility for determining suitability for use in any application / equipment lies solely on the purchaser.Suitability for use in your application is determined by applicable standards such as UL and cUL and the completed system involving this component should be tested to those standards. Please consult with local authorities and applicable wiring standards for your application.• Turn the power OFF at the circuit breaker before installation.• Connect the ground wire to the ground lug.( )Note: Drawing below is a four zone Eurofase Heating Electrical Control Box• Connect the 120V-277V control circuit to the distribution block, white to the neutral and black to line.• Connect the line wires from the power source for the heater to the zone 1 L1 and L2.• Connect zone1 Z1L1 load wire from the breakers inside the control box to heater line wire L1.• Connect zone1 Z1L2 load wire from the breakers inside the control box to heater line wire L2.Step 5A-1 Dimmer / Timer for 1 Zone:1. Connect dimmer/timer output load wire from the dimmer/timer switch to terminal screw of zone 1 switch on the Eurofase Heating Electrical Control Box.2. Connect purple Dimmer wire (10 VDC) from the dimmer switch to terminal screw of zone 1 switch on the Eurofase Heating Electrical Control Box.3. Connect grey Dimmer wire (0 V) from the dimmer switch to terminal screw of zone 1 switch on the Eurofase HeatingElectrical Control Box.For dimmer connections, please follow steps 2 and 3. For timer connections, follow step one only.Step 5B-1 Dimmer / Timer for up to 4 Zones:1. Connect dimmer/timer load wire from the dimmer/timer switchto terminal screw of zone 1 switch on the Eurofase HeatingElectrical Control Box.2. Connect purple dimmer wire (10 VDC) from the dimmer switchto terminal screw of zone 1 switch on the Eurofase Heating Electrical Control Box.3. Jump red load wire of zone 1 switch to zone 2 switch on terminal screw.4. Jump purple dimmer wire (10 VDC) of zone 1 switch to zone 2 switch on terminal screw.5. Repeat step 3 & 4 for zone 3 and 4.6. Connect grey wire (0 V) from the dimmer/timer switch to any terminal screw of zone grey wire on the Eurofase Heating Electrical Control Box.For timer connection only, please use steps 1, 3 and 5.Side 11. Connect dimmer 1/timer 1 load wire from the dimmer/timer switch to terminal screw of zone 1 switch on the Eurofase Heating Electrcial Control Box.2. Connect dimmer 1 purple wire (10 VDC) from the dimmer switch to terminal screw of zone 1 on the Eurofase Heating Electrical Control Box.3. Jump load red wire of zone 1 switch to zone 2 switch terminal screw.4. Jump purple wire (10 VDC) of zone 1 switch to zone 2 switch terminal screw.5. Connect dimmer 1 grey wire (0 V) from the wall to any terminal screw with grey wire.Side 21. Connect dimmer 2 / timer 2 load wire from the dimmer/timer switch to terminal screw of zone 3 switch on the Eurofase Heatingl Electrical Control Box.2. Connect dimmer 2 purple wire (10 VDC) from the dimmer switch to terminal screw of zone 3 switch on the Eurofase Heating Electrical Control Box.3. Jump load wire of zone 3 switch to zone 4 switch terminal screw.4. Jump purple dimmer wire (10 VDC) of zone 3 switch to zone 4 switch terminal screw.5. Connect Dimmer 2 grey wire (0 V) from the wall to any terminal screw with grey wire.Step 5C-2 Dimmers / Timers for 4 Zones:* For timer connection only, please use steps 1 and 3.* For timer connection only, please use steps 1 and 3.Final Step:Check all connections are correctly done per steps 1-5Check the heater connection per zone- Z1L1 connected to 2 black wires on the heater- Z1L2 connected to 2 red wires on the heater- Ground connection to the heater junction boxCheck the phase line voltage between two poles of each zone. Must be 240V.(line 1 and line 2)Check the connection of the dimming switch to the terminal block (purple,grey and black)Initial testing may be done after verifying all electrical connections, startingwith on/off through the switchOnce on/off is confirmed, check the dimming switch by moving the dial upand downNEED MORE INFORMATION?If you have further questions please contact us at:*************************- 1-800-660-5391Notes************************ 1-800-660-5391T. 905.695.2055 F. 905.695.205633 West Beaver Creek, Richmond Hill, ON L4B 1L8。

TC-4 4 Channel Thermocouple InterfaceUser Manual1.Overview (3)2.Specifications (3)3.Thermocouple Basics (4)4.Connecting the TC-4 (5)4.1Connecting power (5)4.2Connecting Thermocouples (5)5.The Innovate Log-Chain concept (6)5.1Log-Chain of 4 channels consisting of TC-4 alone (7)5.26-channel Log-Chain example with 2 AFR channels (7)5.316-Channel Log-Chain example (8)6.Programming the TC-4 with LM Programmer (8)6.1Changing the device name (9)6.2Updating the firmware (9)6.3Configuring the Inputs (9)7.Kit Contents (10)Appendix A: Limited Warranty (11)Revision History (11)1. OverviewThe TC-4 device is 4 channel thermocouple interface device for a MTS Log Chain. The TC-4 may also be used as a stand-alone 4 channel MTS compatible thermocouple amplifier (see Chapter 2 for more details).Each of the four inputs of the TC-4 can be user configured either EGT range (32..1999 degF, 0..1093 degC) or for CHT range to measure cylinder head temperatures (32..572 degF, 0..300 degC.2. SpecificationsPowerPower requirements 8-36 Volt / 50mA see Note 1Power reversal protection YesExternal Sensor power 5V (+- 2.5%), 300mA max.Serial CommunicationSerial Port Speed 19.2 kbit/secPacket/Logging Speed 81.92 msec/sample packetSample Resolution 10 bits (0..5V at 0.1% resolution)Input SpecificationsNumber of Channels 4Thermocouple Type Type KInput measurement range 0 to 300 degC (CHT Range) or0 to 1093 degC (EGT Range)CHx+ max input voltages - 2.5V to +7.5VCHx- max input voltages -2.5V to +7.5V-2.5V to +7.5VCommon Mode RejectionRangeInput Impedance 1 MOhmTemperatureMax Operating Temperature -20 to +80 deg CelsiusMechanicalSize (W x L x H) 133 x 65 x 26 mmgramsWeight 114Note 1: Supply current does not included current of external sensors powered from the 5V output3. Thermocouple BasicsThermocouples are used to measure temperatures by relying on the phenomenon where a junction of any two different metals ( Copper and Iron, for example ) will generate a small voltage. This voltage is dependant upon which two metal are used, and the temperature of the junction. This phenomena is known, formally, as the "Seebeck Effect". Because every junction of different metals contributes its own voltage into the measurement, it is important to have as few junctions between dissimilar metals as possible in order to record an accurate measurement. This is why thermocouple wire is made completely of two different metals. The "Type K" thermocouple to be used with the TC-4 kit is composed of Cromel and Alumel; one lead being made of each ( the red and yellow leads ).To make a thermocouple, strip approximately 3/4" of insulation form one end of the thermocouple wire. Twist the two exposed metal ends together. You may optionally solder them, also. But twist them first. Do not solder them in parallel. This will form what is called the "Hot junction". This "Hot junction" is what you will connect to the surface that you want to measure. This is usually either: a) under the copper gasket of a sparkplug for cylinder head temperature (CHT) or, b) clamped to a primary header tube for exhaust gas temperature (EGT). Note that clamping to the primary tube will NOT measure real EGT, but the surface temperature of the header pipe. For real EGT measurements use an EGT probe that extends into the header itself. There is also the "Cold junction." This is where the 2 leads of the thermocouple come together again at the TC-4 terminals. The TC-4 has an internal temperature sensor at the T/C input terminals. It uses this sensor to "offset" the effect of the "Cold junction" in the measurement. This is called "Cold junction compensation". Once the effects of the cold junction are neutralized, the TC-4 can accurately read the temperature of the "Hot junction" which is the twisted lead pair at the opposite end of the thermocouple wire.4. Connecting the TC-4The TC-4 looks like this:4.1 Connecting powerConnect switched 12V power (switched on when the cars ignition system is on) from the car to the terminal marked 12V on the TC-4 connector.Connect one of the terminals marked GND to a good ground on the car. The engine block will supply a good ground connection.4.2 Connecting ThermocouplesOne thing that is counter intuitive for many people is that the negative side of a thermocouple wire is always red.There are many different types of thermocouple wire; types K, J and T being the most popular. All have a red negative lead and a yellow, black, or blue positive lead respectively. When connection the thermocouple to the terminals on the TC-4, be sure to connect the yellow lead to the + and red lead to the - terminals.Several manufacturers offer EGT "thermocouple probes" which are actually inserted into the exhaust gas stream through a hole in the headers or exhaust manifold. These provide a more accurate measurement of exhaust gas temperature. They are commonly available in types K and J. Only type K will currently work with the TC-4. To use a thermocouple probe, connect the red and yellow leads of the thermocouple wire to the yellow and red leads of the thermocouple probe. The junction is inside the probe. You can not use normal copper wire to connect the thermocouple probe to the TC-4. You must use thermocouple wire to connect the probe. If you do not, there will be an extra two-metal junction where the Copper wire meets the wires of the probe. This extra junction will cause a large error in the temperature readings.Most Thermocouple probes are of the “grounded junction” type. This means that the “hot junction” is also connected to the probe’s body. As this body is connected for example to the exhaust manifold, the sensor wires are essentially grounded through that. The same would be true if a home-made thermocouple junction is used as described above by twisting the wires and if that wire-twist is connected to some grounded engine part. If the twisted ends would be grounded, untwist them first and clamp the separately but close together. Otherwise the clamping metal part can short out part of the thermocouple voltage. See below:The TC-4 will work with either isolated or grounded junction thermocouples.There are four GND connections. The two closest to the 5V terminal can be used for thermocouple shielding. The GND terminals next to the TC4- terminal are no-connects so they are not to be used.5. The Innovate Log-Chain conceptLogWorks 2.0 has the capability to log, display and analyze up to 32 engine parameters. Most users will use less though. Each of the MTS components reads between 1 and 6 engine parameters. To interface a multitude of MTS components to LogWorks with a single connection, the Innovate LogChain concept was introduced.The TC-4 can be used as a MTS component in a Log-Chain.Each of the MTS components has two serial ports (except the LM-1, which has only one). One serial port is designated as IN-port, the other as OUT port. The OUT-port of one device is connected to the IN-port of the next device and so on. This way devices can be ‘daisy-chained’ to build a log-chain for up to 32 channels total. The OUT-port of the last device is connected to the computer for logging or downloading of logged data.The device that’s first in the chain is special. It determines the logging sample rate. The first device in the chain sends a data packet containing its channel data (a sample) to the next device (downstream, left to right in the diagram) every 81.92 milliseconds. The next device appends its data to that packet and hands that packet to the next device downstream and so on. At each device the packet grows in length. The devices in the chain synchronize their sampling of the engine parameters to the packets, so that all the channels in a packet together represent the same instance in time. At the downstream end of the log chain (OUT-port of the last device) a computer or external logger can be connected to store or display the stream data. The XD-1 display is such a device.This also means that the complete channel data set is ONLY available at the end of thelog-chain. A datalogger capable of recording the log-chain data-stream therefore MUST be placed at the end of the log-chain. This includes lap-top computers or other loggers. Commands for individual devices are sent ‘upstream’. A device (incl. a computer or an XD-1) can send commands to the devices upstream of itself, but not downstream. Commands can include start-stop recording, calibration/configuration commands and so on. Only the device directly upstream of the command originator of course will receive the command. This device then decides, depending on the command, whether to execute the command and whether to pass it on. An example of a case where the command is executed but not passed on is the start-stop record command. The first upstream device capable of logging internally will execute the command, but not pass it on.As said before, the first device is special because it is the synchronization source for the entire chain. By plugging its IN-port with the supplied terminator connector, a device can detect that requirement when it powers up. The terminator connector just connects the transmit and receive line of the IN-port together. Each device sends a special command out on it’s IN port when it powers up. This command is ignored and not passed on by any device if received on it’s OUT port. If the sending device immediately receives that command on its IN-port again, because the terminator is plugged in, it assumes it is the first and special device in the chain. The LM-1, having only one serial port, is ALWAYS a special device and MUST be connected to the beginning of the chain.The following are some examples of Log-Chains using the TC-4 and other MTS devices. NOTE: The TC-4 does NOT need a terminator plug on it’s IN port. It automatically detects if another device is plugged into it’s IN port and terminates the IN port if nothing is plugged in.5.1 Log-Chain of 4 channels consisting of TC-4 alone.5.2 6-channel Log-Chain example with 2 AFR channels.Notice that the LC-1’s are connected BEFORE the first TC-4. LC-1’s should always be connected before the first non-LC-1 device (except if the first device is an LM-1).5.3 16-Channel Log-Chain exampleThe example chain consists of a LM-1/LMA-2, a LC-1, a TC-4, a LMA-3 and 2 XD-1’s. In this case the chain has 16 channels (6 from LM-1, 1 from LC-1, 4 from the TC-4 and 5 from the LMA-3).Devices attached to the LM-1’s analog input count as being part of the LM-1’s 6 channels. They don’t count extra. XD-1’s do not contribute any channels, so you can add as many as needed.6. Programming the TC-4 with LM ProgrammerTo connect the TC-4 for programming follow these steps:1. Disconnect any MTS device from the IN port.2. Connect the 2.5mm to DB 2 computer interface cable into the Serial OUT port. Yourcomputer needs a serial port. If it does not have one, you will need a USB to serialadapter.3. Power the TC-4 either from 12V or a 9V Battery (when using a desktop computer).4. Start the LM Programmer applicationThe following screen will show up:The LM Programmer software then shows in its first page the type and version number of the firmware of the device.6.1 Changing the device nameIf multiple TC-4’s are used in a Log-Chain, each MUST be given a unique name so that LogWorks can identify each TC-4. Just enter a name in the edit box in this page.6.2 Updating the firmwareClick on the ‘Update Firmware’ button. You will be presented with a file dialog box that allows you to select a firmware file. Firmware files end with the file extension .dld.TC-4 firmware file names start with: TC4. The first part is followed by a dash, then a V, then the version number without dots.Example: TC-4 firmware version 1.00 alpha release would have the file name TC4-V100A.dld TC4 firmware version 1.00 would have the file name TC4-V100.dldAfter you opened the firmware file, this new firmware will be downloaded in the TC-4 device.6.3 Configuring the InputsClick on the appropriate Input tab in the top of the window to configure one of the TC-4 inputs.. You can select for each input whether it is to be used for CHT or EGT range.7. Kit ContentsTC-4 kit P/N: 3784Appendix A: Limited WarrantyLIMITED WARRANTYInnovate stands behind the quality of its products. Innovate makes the following warranty to purchasers of its products: All new Innovate products carry a six-month warranty from the date of purchase. If proof of purchase cannot be provided, warranty will be determined by date of manufacture.When Warranty VoidThis warranty shall terminate and Innovate shall have no obligation pursuant to it if (i) your Innovate product has been modified or repaired in a manner not previously authorized by Innovate in writing, (ii) the identification markings on your Innovate product have been removed, defaced, or altered; (iii) your Innovate product was subjected to accident, abuse, shipping damage, or improper use; (iv) your Innovate product was not used or configured as specified in the product manual; or (v) your Innovate product was subjected to operating conditions more severe than those specified in the product manual.Exclusions From This WarrantyOxygen Sensors are excluded from this warranty.Repairs Under This WarrantyIn the unlikely event that your Innovate hardware product should prove defective during the warranty period, contact Innovate Customer Support for a return material authorization (RMA) at 949-502-8400. Products returned for service must be securely packed to prevent damage and shipped charges pre paid, along with proof of purchase and the return material authorization number, to the Innovate repair location as instructed by Customer Service. Innovate within a reasonable amount of time from its receipt of your product so shipped, will ship to you, at its option, the repaired product or a new or reconditioned product of comparable or greater specified functionality. All repaired or replacement products shall be warranted for the remainder of the original product warranty.DisclaimerINNOVATE MAKES NO OTHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY WITH RESPECT TO YOUR INNOVATE PRODUCT OTHER THAN THE LIMITED WARRANTY SET FORTH ABOVE. No Innovate dealer, agent, or employee is authorized to make any modification, extension, or addition to this warranty, unless enforceable or unlawful under applicable law, INNOVATE DISCLAIMS ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, NONINFRINGEMENT, AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, AND THE LIABILITY OF INNOVATE, IF ANY, FOR DAMAGES RELATING TO ANY ALLEGEDLY DEFECTIVE PRODUCT SHALL UNDER ANY TORT, CONTRACT, OR OTHER LEGAL THEORY BE LIMITED TO THE ACTUAL PRICE PAID FOR SUCH PRODUCT AND SHALL IN NO EVENT INCLUDE INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, SPECIAL, OR INDIRECT DAMAGES OF ANY KIND EVEN IF INNOVATE IS AWARE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. Some states do not allow limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts or the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitations or exclusions may not apply to you.Revision History1.0 6/27/06Initial Release1.1 9/14/07Added Kit Contents- 11 -。