三级英语语法 主谓一致关系
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主谓一致主谓一致是指:1)语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致;2)意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致;3)就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语。
一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数,但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。
一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致并列结构作主语时谓语用复数,但是当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
同时,如果and连接的两个单数名词前若用each,every,no修饰,该名词短语作主语时,谓语动词也要用单数形式。
e.g. I) To mean to do something and to actually do something are two separate things.想干一件事和真干一件事是两回事。
II) The food and the textile industry depend mainly on agriculture for raw material.粮食工业和纺织工业主要靠农业提供原料。
III) The iron and steel industry is very important to our national economy.钢铁工业在国民经济中起重要作用。
IV) No book and on pencils found in the schoolbag.书包里没有书和钢笔。
二、主谓一致中的就近原则1.当there be句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
e.g. I) There is a teacher and some students in the classroom.教室里有一名老师和一些学生。
II) There are four books and a pencil box in his bag.在他的包里有四本书和一个铅笔盒。
主谓一致所谓主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词之间,即主语的人称和单复数形式决定着谓语动词对应的形式。
主谓一致的三个原则:语法一致,就近一致,意义一致。
1.两个名词由and连接作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数。
Both Jack and Tim are diving.但如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物, 或者指同一概念的时候, 谓语要用单数。
The singer and dancer is going to give us a performance.✧特别注意:用and 连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包),knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
Whisky and soda is always his favorite drink.威士忌酒加苏打水是他是喜爱的饮品。
2.集合名词如public, family, class, crowd, population, team, group等作主语时, 如果强调整体,谓语动词用单数;指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。
His family is a large one. ( 强调整体)The family are all music lovers. (指家庭成员) 某些名词如people, police, cattle等,形式上是单数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。
people指“民族”时是例外。
The police are searching for a thief.The cattle are eating grass on the hill.3.Everybody everything everyone somebody something someone anything anybody nobody nothing✧当这些词做主语时,谓语动词用单数,如Someone is asking for you.Nothing is found in the room.4.书名、时间、距离、价格、重量等的复数名词作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。
主谓一致 1.主谓一致是指英语中谓语在人称、数及意义方面要与作主语的名词或代词一致。
2.主谓一致分为语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。
)语法一致原则:主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。
主语为单数,谓语用单数;主语(1 为复数,谓语用复数。
I often help him and he often helps me.)意义一致原则:主语和谓语在意义上单复数一致。
主语为单数,谓语用单数;主语为(2 复数,谓语用复数。
The police are searching the woods for the murderer.)就近一直原则:当主语有两个或两个以上时,谓语动词由靠近它的主语确定。
3(并列主语的谓语一致1.Andand连接,表示不同概念时,谓语用发复数。
(1)两个单数名词用Tom and Jack are close friends. 连接,表示同一歌人、同一个物,同一个概念,或表示不可分割)两个单数名词用and(2 的整体时,谓语用单数。
The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party.连接时,谓语仍用单数,其中,and等限定的单数名词由many a,no(3)被every,each,后一个限定词可以省略。
many …………andno……and……no, many a,……every ……and every,each……and……each 。
aEach boy and (each) girl has an apple.连接的并列形容词修饰时,可以指一件事或几件事,这种)一个单数名词被几个用4and(名词作主语,要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数。
Simple and plain living is a fine quality.生活简朴一种优良品质。
Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying.what的从句作主语时,要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数)由and连接的两个(5 (言行不一致)What he says and does do not agree.What he says and does does not concern me.谓语动词常和邻近连接的并列主语,2.由either or, neither nor, not but, not only but also,or, nor 的主语一致。
主谓一致三条原则之间的关系主谓一致是语法中一个重要的原则,它指的是主语与谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。
在英语中,主谓一致的三条原则是:人称一致、数一致和时态一致。
这三条原则之间有着密切的联系和相互影响。
人称一致是主谓一致的基本原则之一。
人称一致要求主语和谓语在人称上保持一致。
例如,在第一人称单数主语“我”和谓语“am”之间,就存在着人称一致关系。
同样地,第三人称单数主语“他”和谓语“is”之间也需要保持人称一致。
人称一致的原则使得句子更加准确地表达了不同人称的主语与谓语之间的关系。
数一致也是主谓一致的重要原则之一。
数一致要求主语和谓语在数上保持一致。
例如,在单数主语“猫”和谓语“跑”之间,就存在着数一致关系。
同样地,在复数主语“狗们”和谓语“跳”之间也需要保持数一致。
数一致的原则使得句子更加准确地表达了主语与谓语之间的数量关系。
时态一致也是主谓一致的关键原则之一。
时态一致要求主语和谓语在时态上保持一致。
例如,在现在时态中,主语“我”和谓语“喜欢”之间需要保持时态一致。
同样地,在过去时态中,主语“他们”和谓语“吃”之间也需要保持时态一致。
时态一致的原则使得句子更加准确地表达了主语与谓语之间的时间关系。
这三条主谓一致的原则相互依存,共同构成了一个完整的语法体系。
人称一致、数一致和时态一致三者之间相互影响,共同决定了主语与谓语之间的关系。
如果在一个句子中,其中一条原则没有得到满足,就会导致句子不通顺或者含义模糊。
因此,在写作中,我们要特别注意主谓一致的三条原则,以确保句子的准确性和流畅性。
主谓一致的三条原则,即人称一致、数一致和时态一致,是语法中非常重要的原则。
它们之间相互依存、相互影响,共同构成了主谓一致的规则体系。
遵循这些原则可以使我们的句子更加准确、通顺和易于理解。
因此,在写作和表达中,我们应该时刻注意主谓一致的三条原则,以避免语法错误和歧义的产生。
英语语法总结主谓一致英语语法总结主谓一致总结就是对一个时期的学习、工作或其完成情况进行一次全面系统的回顾和分析的书面材料,它可以有效锻炼我们的语言组织能力,让我们一起来学习写总结吧。
那么总结要注意有什么内容呢?下面是店铺整理的英语语法总结主谓一致,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读。
英语语法总结主谓一致11.主语是he ,she, it, either, neither, each, anything, something, everything, nothing, someone, everyone, anyone, nobody, no one, 等代词时,谓语动词用单数。
Someone is asking for you. 有人在找你。
Everyone is here. 大家都来了。
Each of the boys has an apple.2. 表示总称意义的名词people, cattle, police做主语时,谓语动词用复数。
Cattle are farmer’s friends.The policeman is standing at the street corner. The police are searching for him.3. 主语是:时间,距离,价格等名词,即使是复数形式,谓语动词只用单数。
Three years passes quickly.Two meters is not long enough.4.主语是:clothes, glasses, trousers, shoes, socks, gloves 等名词时,谓语动词用复数。
The trousers are not expensive.Your socks are over there.5.主语是:family, class, team, group等名词时,如果是作为整体,谓语动词用单数;如果作为其中一个个的成员,谓语动词用复数。
英语句子的主谓一致(使用作文的格式)英语句子的主谓一致英语语法中,主语和谓语动词之间需要保持一致,这被称为主谓一致。
主谓一致是英语句子的基本要求之一,它使得句子更加清晰、易于理解。
本文将探讨英语句子的主谓一致规则,并提供一些实用的示例来帮助读者更好地理解和运用主谓一致规则。
一、主谓一致的基本规则在英语句子中,主语和谓语动词在人称和数上需要保持一致。
具体而言,如果主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词要使用单数形式;如果主语是第三人称复数或任何其他人称,谓语动词要使用复数形式。
下面是一些主谓一致的基本规则:1. 单数主语 + 单数谓语动词:He walks to school every day.(他每天步行去上学。
)2. 复数主语 + 复数谓语动词:They love playing basketball.(他们喜欢打篮球。
)3. 第三人称单数主语 + 单数谓语动词:She sings beautifully.(她唱得很好听。
)4. 非第三人称单数主语 + 复数谓语动词:I like reading books.(我喜欢阅读书籍。
)二、特殊情况下的主谓一致除了上述基本规则外,还存在一些特殊情况下的主谓一致规则需要注意。
以下是一些常见的特殊情况及其规则:1. 过去式动词当谓语动词是过去式时,无论主语是单数还是复数,谓语动词都要使用单数形式。
例如:The dog barked all night.(那只狗整晚都在叫。
)The children played in the park yesterday.(孩子们昨天在公园里玩。
)2. 不可数名词不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词要使用单数形式。
例如:Music is my passion.(音乐是我的激情。
)3. 关系代词当关系代词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式与先行词一致。
例如:The house that John built is beautiful.(约翰建造的房子很漂亮。
英语语法原则主谓一致三原则主谓一致三原则是指形式一致原则,意义一致原则,临近一致原则,小编在这里整理了相关资料,希望能帮助到您。
1. 形式一致的原则一般说来,当作主语的名词或代词是第三人称单数时,谓语动词就用单数形式;当作主语的名词或代词是复数时,谓语动词就复数形式:如:(1) He likes skating in winter.他喜欢冬天滑冰。
(2) Alice reads much.艾利斯看了很多书。
(3) They don’t live here.他们不住这里。
2. 意义一致的原则英语中,有些名词或代词形式上是单数,而意义上可能是复数,这时,谓语动词的形式就须依据名词或代词的意义决定。
如:(1) People there were very glad to see our team win the match.在那里的人们看到我们队赢了比赛时都非常高兴。
(2) His family were watching TV when I got to his home.我到他家时,他家的人在看电视。
(3) Our class are working hard to make ours a good class.我们班的同学都在努力工作以便是我们班成为优秀班。
3. 邻近一致的原则英语中,有时几个名词或代词有某些此连接起来一起作句子的主语,此时,谓语动词的形式就须有与之最接近的名词或代词的人称和数决定。
如:(1) There is a desk and five chairs in his room.他房间里有一张办公桌和五把椅子。
(2) There are five chairs and a desk in his room.他房间里有五把椅子和一张办公桌。
(3) Either you or Li Lei is going to be sent there.要么是你要么是李蕾将被派到那里去。
(4) Are either you or Li Lei going to be sent there.是你将被派到那里去还是李蕾将被派到那里去?基本句型一:S V (主+谓)主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如 boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。
主谓一致英语中,主语的单复数形式决定谓语动词的单复数形式。
主谓一致必须遵循以下三条原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
根据这三条原则,现从以下几个方面进行总结:一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致1. 由and/both...and...连接的两个单数名词作主语时(两个冠词),谓语动词一般根据语法一致的原则用复数。
例如:A young man and a girl want to go there. 一个青年男子和一个姑娘想去那里。
【注意】如果在意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一个概念时(一个冠词),谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:①A needle and thread was found on the floor. 在地板上找到了针线(穿了线的针)。
②The teacher and writer is her friend.这个既是是教师又是作家的人是她的朋友。
2. 一个单数名词同时被and连接的两个不同的形容词修饰,表示两个不同的概念时,谓语动词用复数。
例如:Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying.古代史和现代史是我们目前学习的课程。
【注意】如果在意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数。
例如:The last and most difficult lesson is lesson14. 14课是最后一课也是最难的一课。
3. 当each...and each...,every...and every...,no...and no...,many a...and many a...结构作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:①No man and no animal is to be found on the moon. 在月球上没发现人和动物。
②Many a doctor and many a nurse is busy with their work.许多医生和护士都忙于他们的工作。
主谓一致主谓一致是指:语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语,1.语法一致的原则语法一致的原则是指主语为单数或复数时,其谓语动词要与其相呼应。
Reading and writing are very important.注意:当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.例题The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A. isB. wasC. areD. were (答案: B)但在英语句子中,有些特殊情况一定要处理好:1)以along with,together with,with,like, as well as,no less than, accompanied by,rather than,but,except连接的两个主语时,其谓语的单复数应以第一个主语为主。
如:Several passengers,together with the driver,were hurt.No one except my parents knows anything about it.The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.He as well as I wants to go boating.例题:(1) No one but her parents _______ it.A. knowB. knowsC. is knowingD. are knowin (答案: B)(2) Alice, together with two boys, _____ for having broken the rule.A. was punishedB. punishedC. were punishedD. being punished (答案: A) 2)表示时间、重量、长度、价格等的复数名词作主语,从整体来看时,谓语动词用单数。
如:Fifty years is not a long time.Four thousand dollars is more than she can afford.3)非谓语动词、从句或其它短语作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
如:Early to bed and early to rise is healthful.How the book will sell depends on the author.例题:(1) What we need _______ good textbooks.A. isB. areC. haveD. has (答案:B)注意:由what引导的主语从句,谓语动词通常用单数,所指的具体内容若是复数意义,谓语动词一般用复数形式。
(2)“All ____ present and all ______ going on well.” Our monitor said.A. is, isB. are, areC. are, isD. is, are (答案:C)4)如果主语是由and连接的两个单数名词,但前面有each,every,no等词修饰时,谓语用单数。
如:Every boy and girl in this region is taught to read and write.例题Every boy and every girl _____ to attend the evening party.A. wishB. wishesC. is likeD. like (答案:B)2. 意义一致的原则意义一致的原则指谓语动词的单数或复数要取决于主语所表达的概念,而不取决于表面的语法标志。
1) 某些集合名词后可跟单数动词也可跟复数动词。
如果这些集合名词指整体概念,谓语用单数;如果指具体成员,谓语用复数。
如:The population of the earth is increasing very fast.One third of the population here are workers.类似这样的集合名词有:family,class,audience,committee,crowd,crew,group,party,population,team,public,council,village等。
做这类题时一定要认真分析集合名词所指的是整体还是整体中的若干个人。
例题:The police _____ the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.A. is searching forB. were searching forC. are searching forD. were searching (答案:D)2) 有些名词,如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数,有时看作复数。
A number of +名词复数+复数动词。
The number of +名词复数+单数动词。
A number of books have lent out.The majority of the students like English.3) 用half of, part of, most of, a portion of, the rest of 等词引起主语时,动词通常与of后面的名词,代词保持一致。
Most of his money is spent on books.Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.例题:The rest of the magazines _____ within half an hour.A. is sold out wasB. are sold outC. was sold outD. were sold out (答案:B)4) 在一些短语,如many a 或more than one 所修饰的词作主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式。
但由more than…of 作主语时,动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。
Many a person has read the novel.More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.例题:(1)_______ food is kept in his new cave.A. Large quantities ofB. A great deal ofC. A large number ofD. Quite a few (答案:B)(2) Many a man _____ come to help us.A. haveB. hasC. isD. are (答案:B)3.就近原则1).由there或here引起的主语,而且又不只是一个时,采取就近原则。
如:There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk..There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.Here is a pen,a few envelopes and some paper for you.2).当or, either…or…与neither…nor和not only...but also等连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。
Either you or she is to go.Not only the mother but also the children were hurt.综合练习1. Every possible means ___ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.A. is usedB. are usedC. has been usedD. have been used2.Nobody but Jane ____ the secret.A. knowB. knowsC. have knownD. is known3.All but one _____ here just now.A. isB. wasC. has beenD. were4.Not only I but also Jane and Mary ____ tired of having one examination after another.A. isB. areC. amD. be5.A library with five thousand books _______ to the nation as a gift.A. is offeredB. have offeredC. are offeredD. has offered6.When and where to build the new factory _____ yet.A. is not decidedB. are not decidedC. has not decidedD. have not decided7.The number of people invited ______ fifty, but a number of them ____ absent for different reasons.A. were;wasB. was;wasC. was ;wereD. were ;were8._____ of the land in that district _____ covered with trees and grass.A. Two fifth , isB. Two fifth , areC. Two fifths , isD. Two fifths , are9.This is one of the most interesting questions that ____ asked.A. haveB. hasC. have beenD. has been10.Between then two rows of trees _____ the teaching building.A. standB. standsC. standingD. are11.All that can be done______.A. has been doneB. has doneC. have doneD. were done12.They each _____ a new dictionary.A. hasB. haveC. isD. are13.The singer and the dancer ______ come to the meeting.A. hasB. haveC. areD. is14.I have finished a large part of the book ; the rest _____more difficult.A. isB. areC. wasD. were15.The wounded _______ by the hospital.A. have been taken in C. has been taken in C. have taken in D. has taken in。