最新大学英语四级3套真题及答案

大学英语四级考试真题(3套)PartⅠ Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying"Listening is more important than talking." You can cite examples to illustrate theimportance of paying attention to others' opinions.You should write at least 120 words, but no more than 180 words.Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension ( 30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end ofeach conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will bea pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C,and D.and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer .Sheet I with a single line through the center.1.A.They admire the courage of space explorers.B.They were going to watch a wonderful movie.C.They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.D.They like doing scientific exploration very much.2.A.In a school library.B.At a gift shop.C.In the office of a travel agency.D.At a graduation ceremony.3.A.He used to work in the art gallery.B.He does not have a good memory.C.He is not interested in any part-time jobs.D.He declined a job offer from the art gallery.4.A.He will be unable to attend the birthday party.B.The woman should have informed him earlier.C.He will go to the birthday party after the lecture.D.Susan has been invited to give a lecture tomorrow.5.A.Set a deadline for the staff to meet.B.Assign more workers to the project.C.Reward those having made good progress.D.Encourage the staff to work in small groups.6.A.Where she can leave her car.B.The rate for parking in LotC.C.How far away the parking lot is.D.The way to the visitor's parking.7.A.He regrets missing the classes.B.He has benefited from exercise.C.He plans to take the fitness classes.D.He is looking forward to a better life.8.A.How to select secretaries.B.How to raise work efficiency.C.The responsibilities of secretaries.D.The secretaries in the man's company.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A.It is used by more people than English.B.It is more difficult to learn than English.C.It will be as commonly used as English.D.It will eventually become a world language.10.A.Its popularity with the common people.B.The effect of the Industrial Revolution.C.The influence of the British Empire.D.Its loan words from many languages.11.A.It has a growing number of newly coined words.B.It includes a lot of words from other languages.C.It is the largest among all languages in the world.D.It can be easily picked up by overseas travelers.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A.To place an order.B.To apply for a job.C.To return some goods.D.To make a complaint.13.A.He works on a part-time basis for the company.B.He has not worked in the sales department for long.C.He is not familiar with the exact details of the goods.D.He has become somewhat impatient with the woman.14.A.It is not his responsibility.B.It will be free for large orders.C.It depends on a number of factors.D.It costs￡15 more for express delivery.15.A.Make inquiries with some other companies.B.Report the information to her superior.C.Pay a visit to the saleswoman in charge.D.Ring back when she comes to a decision.Section BDirections ...In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage, you will hearsome questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B,C.and D .Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the center.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A.No one knows for sure when they came into being.B.No one knows exactly where they were first made.C.No one knows for what purpose they were invented.D.No one knows what they will look like in the future.17.A.Measure the speed of wind.B.Give warnings of danger.C.Pass on secret messages.D.Carry ropes across rivers.18.A.To find out the strength of silk for kites.B.To test the effects of the lightning rod.C.To prove that lightning is electricity.D.To protect houses against lightning.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A.She was born with a talent for languages.B.She was tainted to be an interpreter.C.She can speak several languages.D.She enjoys teaching languages.20.A.They want to learn as many foreign languages as possible.B.They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.C.They acquire an immunity to culture shock.D.They would like to live abroad permanently.21.A.She became an expert in horse racing.B.She learned to appreciate classical music.C.She was able to translate for a German sports judge.D.She got a chance to visit several European countries.22.A.Take part in a cooking competition.B.Taste the beef and give her comment.C.Teach vocabulary for food in English.D.Give cooking lessons on Western food.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23.A.He had only a third-grade education.B.He once threatened to kill his teacher.C.He often helped his mother do housework.D.He grew up in a poor single-parent family.24.A.Stupid.B.Active.C.Brave.D.Careless.25.A.Watch educational TV programs only.B.Write two book reports a week.C.Help with housework.D.Keep a diary.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the firsttime, you should listen carefully for its general idea.Whenthe passage is read for thesecond time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have justheard.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what youhave written.When you look up at the night sky, what do you see? There are other26 bodies out therebesides the moon and stars.One of the most27 of these is a comet (彗星). Comets were formed around the same time the Earth was formed.They are28 ice and otherfrozen liquids and gases.29these "dirty snowballs" begin to orbit the sun, just as the planets do.As a comet gets closer to the sun, some gases in it begin to unfreeze.They30dust particlesfrom the comet to form a huge cloud.As the comet gets even nearer to the sun, a solar wind blows thecloud behind the comet, thus forming its tail.The tall and the31fuzzy (模糊的) atmospherearound a comet are32that can help identify this33in the night sky.In any given year, about a dozen known comets come close to the sun in their orbits.The averageperson can't see them all, of ually there is only one or two a year bright enough to be seenwith the34 et Hale-Bopp, discovered in 1995, was an unusually bright comet.Its orbitbrought it35close to the Earth, within 122 million miles of it.But Hale-Bopp came a long way onits earthly visit.It won't be back for another four thousand years or so.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ADirections : In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word foreach blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the center.You may not use any of the words in the bank morethan once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Scholars of the information society are divided over whether social inequality decreases orincreases in an information-based society.However, they generally agree with the idea that inequalityin the information society is36different from that of an industrial society.As informationprogresses in society, the cause and structural nature of social inequality changes as well.It seems that the information society37 the quantity of information available to the membersof a society by revolutionizing the ways of using and exchanging information.But such a view is a38 analysis based on the quantity of information supplied by various forms of the mass media.Adifferent39 is possible when the actual amount of information40 by the user is taken intoaccount.In fact, the more information41 throughout the entire society, the wider the gapbecomes between "information haves" and "information have-mots", leading to digital divide. According to recent studies, digital divide has been caused by three major42class, sex, andgeneration.In terms of class, digital divide exists among different types of workers and between theupper and middle classes and the lower class.With43 tosex, digital divide exists between menand women.The greatest gap, however, is between the Net-generation, 44with personalcomputers and the Internet, and the older generation, 45 to an industrial society.A.accustomedB.acquiredC.assemblyD.attributeE.championsF.elementsG.expandsH.familiarI.flowsJ.fundamentallyK.interpretationL.passiveM.regardN.respectivelyO.superficialSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraphfrom which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Joy: A Subject Schools LackBecoming educated should not require giving up pleasure.A.When Jonathan Swift proposed, in 1729, that the people of Ireland eat their children, he insisted itwould solve three problems at once : feed the hungry masses, reduce the population during a severedepression, and stimulate the restaurant business.Even as a satire (讽刺), it seems disgusting andshocking in America with its child-centered culture.But actually, the country is closer to hisproposal than you might think.B.If you spend much time with educators and policy makers, you'll hear a lot of the following words :"standards,""results,""skills,""self-control,""accountability," and so on.I have visited someof the newer supposedly "effective" schools, where children shout slogans in order to learn self-control or must stand behind their desk when they can't sit still.C.A look at what goes on in most classrooms these days makes it abundantly clear that when peoplethink about education, they are not thinking about what it feels like to be a child, or what makeschildhood an important and valuable stage of life in its own right.D.I'm a mother of three, a teacher, and a developmental psychologist.So I've watched a lot ofchildren-talking, playing, arguing, eating, studying, and beingyoung.Here's what I've come tounderstand.The thing that sets children apart from adults is not their ignorance, nor their lack ofskills.It's their enormous capacity for joy.Think of a 3-year-old lost in the pleasures of finding outwhat he can and cannot sink in the bathtub, a 5-year-old beside herself with the thrill of putting together strings of nonsensical words with her best friends, or an 11-year-old completely absorbedin a fascinating comic strip.A child's ability to become deeply absorbed in something, and deriveintense pleasure from that absorption, is something adults spend the rest of their lives trying toreturn to.E.A friend told me the following story.One day, when he went to get his 7-year-old son from soccerpractice, his kid greeted him with a downcast face and a sad voice.The coach had criticized himfor not focusing on his soccer drills.The little boy walked out of the school with his head andshoulders hanging down.He seemed wrapped in sadness.But just before he reached the car door,he suddenly stopped, crouching (蹲伏) down to peer at something on the sidewalk.His face wentdown lower and lower, and then, with complete joy he called out, "e here.This is thestrangest bug I've ever seen.It has, like, a million legs.Look at this.It's amazing." He looked upat his father, his features overflowing with energy and delight."Can't we stay here for just aminute? I want to find out what he does with all those legs.This is the coolest ever."F.The traditional view of such moments is that they constitute a charming but irrelevant byproduct ofyouth-something to be pushed aside to make room for more important qualities, like perseverance(坚持不懈), obligation, and practicality.Yet moments like this one are just the kind of intenseabsorption and pleasure adults spend the rest of their lives seeking.Human lives are governed bythe desire to experience joy.Becoming educated should not require giving up joy but rather lead tofinding joy in new kinds of things: reading novels instead of playing with small figures, conductingexperiments instead of sinking cups in the bathtub, and debating serious issues rather than stringingtogether nonsense words, for example.In some cases, schools should help children find new,more grown-up ways of doing the same things that are constant sources of joy: making art, makingfriends, making decisions:G. Building on a child's ability to feel joy, rather than pushing it aside, wouldn't be that hard.It wouldjust require a shift in the education world's mindset (思维模式).Instead of trying to get children towork hard, why not focus on getting them to take pleasure in meaningful, productive activity, likemaking things, working with others, exploring ideas, and solving problems? These focuses are notso different from the things in which they delight.H. Before you brush this argument aside as rubbish, or think of joy as an unaffordable luxury in anation where there is awful poverty, low academic achievement, and high dropout rates, thinkagain.The more horrible the school circumstances, the more important pleasure is to achieving anyeducational success.I.Many of the assignments and rules teachers come up with, often because they are pressured bytheir administrators, treat pleasure and joy as the enemies of competence and responsibility.Theassumption is that children shouldn't chat in theclassroom because it hinders hard work; instead,they should learn to delay gratification (快乐) so that they can pursue abstract goals, like going to college.J.Not only is this a boring and awful way to treat children, it makes no sense educationally.Decadesof research have shown that in order to acquire skills and real knowledge in school, kids need towant to learn.You can force a child to stay in his or her seat, fill out a worksheet, or practicedivision.But you can't force the child to think carefully, enjoy books, digest complex information,or develop a taste for learning.To make that happen, you have to help the child find pleasure inlearning-to see school as a source of joy.K.Adults tend to talk about learning as if it were medicine: unpleasant, but necessary and good foryou.Why not instead think of learning as if it were food--something so valuable to humans thatthey have evolved to experience it as a pleasure ?L.Joy should not be trained out of children or left for after-school programs.The more difficult achild's life circumstances, the more important it is for that child to find joy in his or her classroom."Pleasure" is not a dirty word.And it doesn't run counter to the goals of public education.It is, infact, the precondition. 46.It will not be difficult to make learning a source of joy if educators change their way of thinking.47.What distinguishes children from adults is their strong ability to derive joy from what they aredoing.48.Children in America are being treated with shocking cruelty.49.It is human nature to seek joy in life.50.Grown-ups are likely to think that learning to children is what medicine is to patients.51.Bad school conditions make it all the more important to turn learning into a joyful experience.52.Adults do not consider children's feelings when it comes to education.53.Administrators seem to believe that only hard work will lead children to their educational goals.54.In the so-called "effective" schools, children are taught self-control under a set of strict rules.55.To make learning effective, educators have to ensure that children want to learn. Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C.andD .You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer.Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.When it's five o'clock, people leave their office.The length of the workday, for many workers, isdefined by time.They leave when the clock tells them they're done.These days, the time is everywhere: not just on clocks or watches, but on cell-phones andcomputers.That may be a bad thing, particularly at work.New research shows that clock-based workschedules hinder morale (士气) and creativity.Clock-timers organize their day by blocks of minutes and hours.For example: a meeting from9 a.m.to 10 a.m.research from 10 a.m.to noon, etc.On the other hand, task-timers have a list ofthings they want to accomplish.They work down the list, each task starts when the previous task iscompleted.It is said that all of us employ a mix of both these types of planning.What, then, are the effects of thinking about time in these different ways? Does one make us moreproductive? Better at the tasks at hand? Happier? In experiments conducted by Tamar Avnet andAnne-Laure Sellier, they had participants organize different activities-from project planning, holidayshopping, to yoga-by time or to-do list to measure how they performed under "clock time" vs "tasktinge." They found clock timers to be more efficient but less happy because they felt little control overtheir lives.Task timers are happier and more creative, but less productive.They tend to enjoy themoment when something good is happening, and seize opportunities that come up.The researchers argue that task-based organizing tends to be undervalued and under-supported inbusiness culture.Smart companies, they believe, will try to bake more task-based planning into theirstrategies.This might be a small change to the way we view work and the office, but the researchers arguethat it challenges a widespread characteristic of the economy: work organized by clock time.Whilemost people will still probably need, and be, to some extent, clock-timers, task-based timing shouldbe used when performing a job that requires more creativity.It'll make those tasks easier, and the task-doers will be happier.56.What does the author think of time displayed everywhere?A.It makes everybody time-conscious.B.It is a convenience for work and life.C.It may have a negative effect on creative work.D.It clearly indicates the fast pace of modern life.57.How do people usually go about their work according to the author?A.They combine clock-based and task-based planning.B.They give priority to the most urgent task on hand.C.They set a time limit for each specific task.D.They accomplish their tasks one by one.58.What did Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier find in their experiments about clock-timers?A.They seize opportunities as they come up.B.They always get their work done in time.C.They have more control-over their lives.D.They tend to be more productive.59.What do the researchers say about today's business culture?A.It does not support the strategies adopted by smart companies.B.It does not attach enough importance to task-based practice.C.It places more emphasis on work efficiency than on workers' lives.D.It alms to bring employees' potential and creativity into full play.60.What do the researchers suggest?A.Task-based timing is preferred for doing creative work.B.It is important to keep a balance between work and life.C.Performing creative jobs tends to make workers happier.D.A scientific standard should be adopted in job evaluation.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Martha Stewart was charged, tried and convicted of a crime in 2004.As she neared the end of herprison sentence, a well-known columnist wrote that she was "paying her dues," and that "there issimply no reason for anyone to attempt to deny her right to start anew."Surely, the American ideal of second chances should not be reserved only for the rich andpowerful.Unfortunately, many federal and state laws impose post-conviction restrictions on ashockingly large number of Americans.who are prevented from ever fully paying their debt to society.At least 65 million people in the United States have a criminal record.This can result in severepenalties that continue long after punishment is completed.Many of these penalties are imposed regardless of the seriousness of the offense or the person'sindividual ws can restrict or ban voting, access to public housing, and professionaland business licensing.They can affect a person's ability to get a job and qualification for benefits.In all, more than 45.000 laws and rules serve to exclude vast numbers of people from fullyparticipating in American life.Some laws make sense.No one advocates letting someone convicted of pedophilia (恋童癖) workin a school.But too often collateral (随附的) consequences bear no relation to public safety.Should awoman who possessed a small amount of drugs years ago be permanently unable to be licensed as anurse?These laws are also counterproductive, since they make it harder for people with criminal recordsto find housing or land a job, two key factors that reduce backsliding.A recent report makes several recommendations, including the abolition of most post-convictionpenalties, except for those specifically needed to protect public safety.Where the penalties are not amust, they should be imposed only if the facts of a case support it.The point is not to excuse or forget the crime.Rather, it is to recognize that in America's vastcriminal justice system, second chances are crucial.It is in no one's interest to keep a large segment ofthe population on the margins of society.61.What does the well-known columnist's remark about Martha Stewart suggest?A.Her past record might stand in her way to a new life.B.Her business went bankrupt while she was in prison.C.Her release from prison has drawn little attention.D.Her prison sentence might have been extended.62.What do we learn from the second paragraph about many criminals in America?A.They backslide after serving their terms in prison.B.They are deprived of chances to turn over a new leaf.C.They receive severe penalties for committing minor offenses.D.They are convicted regardless of their individual circumstances.63.What are the consequences for many Americans with a criminal record?A.They remain poor for the rest of their lives.B.They are deprived of all social benefits.C.They are marginalized in society.D.They are deserted by their family.64.What does the author think of the post-conviction laws and rules?A.They help to maintain social stability.B.Some of them have long been outdated.C.They are hardly understood by the public.D.A lot of them have negative effects on society.65.what is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?A.To create opportunities for criminals to reform themselves.B.To appeal for changes in America's criminal justice system.C.To ensure that people with a criminal record live a decent life.D.To call people's attention to prisoners' conditions in America.Part Ⅳ Translation( 30 minutes )Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish.You should, write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国父母往往过于关注孩子的学习，以至于不要他们帮忙做家务，他们对孩子的首要要求就是努力学习，考得好，能上名牌大学.他们相信这是为孩子好，因为在中国这样竞争激烈的社会里，只有成绩好才能保证前途光明.中国父母还认为，如果孩子能在社会上取得大的成就，父母就会受到尊敬.因此，他们愿意牺牲自己的时间、爱好和兴趣，为孩子提供更好的条件.2015年12月大学英语四级考试真题答案与详解(第1套)Part Ⅰ Writing这是一篇四级考试中常见的议论文.要求考生就一句格苦进行论述.这句格言Listening is more importantthantalking．“倾听比谈论更重要”措辞简单．意思明了，考生比较容易把握．因此写起来并不难.写作时．考生应该将重点放在第二段举例阐释倾听比谈论更重要的原因上．联系实际分析可知，其原因主要有：倾听是交际之规则．只有善于倾听于能表达刘别人的尊重．同时倾昕对听者自身也不无裨益.一、阐述“倾听比谈论更重要”的内涵：倾听别人的意见比表达自己的想法重要得多(paying attention to others’opinions is much more important than expressing one’s own words)倾听比谈论更重要如今，“倾听比谈论更重要”这一格言流行起来.这句格言道出了在社会中与人交往的真谛：倾听别人的意见比表达自己的想法重要得多就我而言，有两个原因可以解释该准则的正确性.首先，倾听可以表达对他人的尊重?在这样一个竞争激烈的社会，乐于倾听可以为自己赢得信任和友谊，而这恰恰是我们社交的基本准则一个夸夸其谈而不善于倾听的人注定要孤立，此外，倾听可以使自己受益．毋庸置疑．你是自己命运的主宰然而，他人的不同观点肯定会丰富你的头脑，并为今后的行动带来启迪综上所述，在很多场合，倾听确实比谈论更重要，在现代社套中，我们需要掌握一些沟通技巧，我们只有认识到倾听的重要性，才能过上更好的生活．Part ⅡListening, Comprehension1.M: Do you remember the wonderful film on space exploration we watched together last month?W: Sure.It's actually the most impressive one I've seen on that topic.Q: What do we learn about the speakers?C.四个选项的主语均为they．且选项动词多表达情感．通过选项中的spaceexplorers，movie，space exploration等间可以判断．本题意在考查说话者对太空探险或电影的评价.男士询问女士是否还记得他们上个月看的那部关于太空探险的精彩电影，女士表示这是她看过的关于太空探险题材的印象最深的一部电影.通过对话中的wonderful film和the most impressiveone等关键词可知，他们非常喜欢男士所提及的那部关于太空探险的电影．故答案为C.2.W: Are you looking for anything in particular?M : Yes.My son is graduating from high school, and I want to get him something special. Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?B.四个选项中出现了school library．gift shop．travel agency和graduation ceremony等表示地点或场合的词汇，可以推测对话旨在考查事件发生的地点.女士询问男士是否在找什么特别之物．男士说他儿子即将高中毕业．他想送给孩子一件有意义的东西.由此可知，对话可能发生在礼品店.男士准备买件特别的礼物送给儿子，故答案为B.3.M : Mike told me yesterday that he had been looking in vain for a job in the art gallery.W: Really? If I remember right, he had a chance to work there, but he turned it down. Q: What does the woman say about Mike'?D.四个选项均以he开头，且出现了work，part．joblessness，ajob offer等词，由此可以推测本题考查的内容与男士的工作有关.男士说麦克告诉他在美术馆找工作的事无果而终．女士表示怀疑，因为她听说麦克曾有机会在那里工作，但是被他拒绝了.由此呵知．麦克放弃了在美术馆的工作，并非是无果而终，declined一词是原文turned down的同义转换．故答案为D..4.W: Would you like to come to Susan's birthday party tomorrow evening'?M: I'm going to give a lecture tomorrow.I wish I could be in two places at the same time.Q: What does the man mean?A.四个选项中两次出现birthday party，町以推测对话与生日派对有关.各选项的主语为he，the woman，Susan，听音时应特别注意主语与birthday party的关系.女士询问男士明天晚上能否参加苏珊的生日派对，男士说自己明天有个讲座，因此无法分身，也就是无法参加苏珊的生日派对，故答案为A..5.W: Aren't you discouraged by the slow progress your staff is making?M: Yes.I think I will give them a deadline and hold them to it.Q: What is the man probably going to do?A.四个选项均为动词短语，且出现了deadline，staff，workers，project，work等与工作相关的词汇，故而推测本题考查的内容与员工或工作有关.女士询问男士对员工的工作进度慢是否感到不满，男士表示赞同，并打算给员工设定期限并让他们遵守，故答案为A..6.W: Excuse me.Could you tell me where the visitor's parking is? I left my car there. M: Sure.It's in Lot C.Over that way.Q: What does the woman want to know?D.四个选项中出现了car，parking，lot等词，由此可知，本题考查的内容与停车场有关.女士问男士访客停车场在哪里，她的车停那里了，男士说就在那边的C区停车场.由此可推断，女士想知道如何去访客停车场，故答案为D.7.W: You look great! Now that you've taken those fitness classes.M: Thanks.I've never felt better in my life.Q: What does the man mean?B.四个选项均以he作主语，且出现了classes，exercise，fitness classes 等词，可以推测对话内容与男士的健身有关.女士夸赞男士自从上健身课以来气色不错，男士说他从未感觉像现在这样好.由此可以推测，男士认为自己在健身活动中获益匪浅，故答案为B..8.W: I really admire the efficiency of your secretaries.M: Our company selects only the best.They have a heavy workload and we give them a lot ofresponsibilities.。

2017年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案（第一套）Part I Writing （25 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short easy on how to besthandle the relationship between doctors and patients. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension （25 minutes）Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) Her friend Erika. C) Her grandfather.B) Her little brother. D) Her grandmother.2. A) By taking pictures for passers-by. C) By selling lemonade and pictures.B) By working part time at a hospital. D) By asking for help on social media.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) Finding cheaper ways of highway construction.B) Generating electric power for passing vehicles.C) Providing clean energy to five million people.D) Testing the efficiency of the new solar panel.4. A) They can stand the wear and tear of natural elements.B) They can be laid right on top of existing highways.C) They are only about half an inch thick.D) They are made from cheap materials.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) Endless fighting in the region. C) Inadequate funding for research.B) The hazards from the desert. D) The lack of clues about the species.6. A) To observe the wildlife in the two national parks.B) To identify the reasons for the lions’ disappearance.C) To study the habitat of lions in Sudan and Ethiopia.D) To find evidence of the existence of the “lost lions”.7. A) Lions walking. C) Some camping facilities.B) Lions’ tracks. D) Traps set by local hunters.Section BDirections：In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) Her ‘lucky birthday’. C) Her wedding anniversary.B) A call from her dad. D) A special gift from the man.9. A) Gave her a big model plane. C) Took her on a trip overseas.B) Bought her a good necklace. D) Threw her a surprise party.10. A) The gift her husband has bought.B) The trip her husband has planned.C) What has been troubling her husband.D) What her husband and the man are up to.11. A) He will be glad to be a guide for the couple’s holiday trip.B) He will tell the women the secret if her husband agrees.C) He is eager to learn how the couple’s holiday turns out.D) He wants to find out about the couple’s holiday plan.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) They are sensitive to the dynamics of a negotiation.B) They see the importance of making compromises.C) They know when to adopt a tough attitude.D) They take the rival’s attitude into account.13. A) They know how to adapt. C) They know when to make compromises.B) They know when to stop. D) They know how to control their emotion.14. A) They are patient. C) They learn quickly.B) They are good at expression. D) They uphold their principles.15. A) Make clear one's intentions. C) Formulate one's strategy.B) Clarify items of negotiation. D) Get to know the other side.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you willhear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) When America's earliest space program started.B) When the International Space Station was built.C) How many space shuttle missions there will be.D) How space research benefits people on Earth.17. A) They accurately calculated the speed of the orbiting shuttles.B) They developed objects for astronauts to use in outer space.C) They tried to meet astronauts' specific requirements.D) They tried to make best use of the latest technology.18. A) They are extremely accurate. C) They were first made in space.B) They are expensive to make. D) They were invented in the 1970s.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) It was when her ancestors came to America.B) People had plenty of land to cultivate then.C) It marked the beginning of something new.D) Everything was natural and genuine then.20. A) They believed in working for goals. C) They had all kinds of entertainment.B) They enjoyed living a living a life of ease. D) They were known to be creative.21. A) Chatting with her ancestors. C) Polishing all the silver work.B) Furnishing her country house. D) Doing needlework by the fire.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) Use a map to identify your location. C) Sit down and try to calm yourself.B) Call your family or friends for help. D) Try to follow your footprints back.23. A) You may find a way out without your knowing it.B) You may expose yourself to unexpected dangers.C) You may get drowned in a sudden flood.D) You may end up entering a wonderland.24. A) Look for food. C) Start a fire.B) Wait patiently. D) Walk uphill.25. A) Inform somebody of your plan. C) Check the local weather.B) Prepare enough food and drink. D) Find a map and a compass.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes )Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.A rat or pigeon might not be the obvious choice to tend to someone who is sick, but these creatures have some 26 skills that could help the treatment of human diseases.Pigeons are often seen as dirty birds and an urban 27 , but they are just the latest in a long line of animals that have been found to have abilities to help humans. Despite having a brain no bigger than the 28 of your index finger, pigeons have a very impressive 29__ memory. Recently it was shown that they could be trained to be as accurate as humans at detecting breast cancer in images.Rats are often 30 with spreading disease rather than 31 it, but this long-tailed animal is highly 32 . Inside a rat's nose are up to 1,000 different types of olfactory receptors （嗅觉感受器）, whereas humans only have 100 to 200 types. This gives rats the ability to detect __33 smells. As a result, some rats are being put to work to detect TB（肺结核）. When the rats detect the smell, they stop and rub their legs to 34 a sample is infected.Traditionally, a hundred samples would take lab technicians more than two days to 35 , but for a rat it takes less than 20 minutes. This rat detection method doesn't rely on specialist equipment. It is also more accurate — the rats are able to find more TB infections and, therefore, save more lives.A) associated I) slightB) examine J) specifyC) indicate K) superiorD) nuisance L) suspiciousE) peak M) tipF) preventing N) treatedG) prohibiting O) visualH) sensitiveSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Do In-Class Exams Make Students Study Harder?Research suggests they may study more broadly for the unexpected rather than search for answers.[A] I have always been a poor test-taker. So it may seem rather strange that I have returned to college to finish the degree I left undone some four decades ago. I am making my way through Columbia University, surrounded by students who quickly supply the verbal answer while I am still processing the question.[B] Since there is no way for me to avoid exams, I am currently questioning what kind are the most taxing and ultimately beneficial. I have already sweated through numerous in-class midterms and finals, and now I have a professor who issuestake-home ones. I was excited when I learned this, figuring I had a full week to do the research, read the texts, and write it all up. In fact, I was still rewriting my midterm the morning it was due. To say I had lost the thread is putting it mildly.[C] As I was suffering through my week of anxiety, overthinking the material and guessing my grasp of it, I did some of my own polling among students and professors. David Eisenbach, who teaches a popular class on U.S. presidents at Columbia, prefers the in-class variety. He believes students ultimately learn more and encourages them to form study groups. “That way they socialize over history outside the class, which wouldn’t happen without the pressure of an in-class exam,” he explained,“Furthermore, in-class exams force students to learn how to perform under pressure, and essential work skill.”[D] He also says there is less chance of cheating with the in-class variety. In 2012, 125 students at Harvard were caught up in a scandal when it was discovered they had cheated on a take-home exam for a class entitled “Introduction To Congress.”Some colleges have what they call an “honor code,” though if you are smart enough to get into these schools, you are either smart enough to get around any codes or hopefully, too ethical to consider doing so. As I sat blocked and clueless for two solid days, I momentarily wondered if I couldn’t just call an expert on the subject matter which I was tackling, or someone who took the class previously, to get me going.[E] Following the Harvard scandal, Mary Miller, the former dean of students at Yale, made an impassioned appeal to her school’s professors to refrain fromtake-hone exams. “Students risk health and well being, as well as performance in other end-of-term work, when faculty offers take-home exams without clear,time-limited boundaries,” she told me. “Research now shows that regular quizzes, short essays, and other assignments over the course of a term better enhance learning and retention.”[F] Most college professors agree the kind of exam they choose largely depends on the subject. A quantitative-based one, for example, is unlikely to be sent home, where one could ask their older brothers and sisters to help. Vocational-type classes, such as computer science or journalism, on the other hand, are often more research-oriented and lend themselves to take-home testing. Chris Koch, who teaches “History of Broadcast Journalism” at Montgomery Community College in Rockville, Maryland, points out that reporting is about investigation rather than the memorization of minute details. “In my field, it’s not what you know—it’s what you know how to find out,” says Koch. “There is way too much information, and more coming all the time, for anyone to remember. I want my students to search out the answers to questions by using all the resources available to them.[G] Students’ test-form preferences vary, too, often depending on the subject and course difficulty. “I prefer take-home essays because it is then really about the writing, so you have time to edit and do more research,” says Elizabeth Dresser, a junior at Barnard. Then there is the stress factor. Francesca Haass, a senior at Middlebury, says, “I find the in-class ones are more stressful in the short term, butthere is immediate relief as you swallow information like mad, and then you get to forget it all. Take-homes require thoughtful engagement which can lead to longer term stress as there is never a moment when the time is up.” Meanwhile, Olivia Rubin, a sophomore at Emory, says she hardly even considers take-homes true exams. “If you understand the material and have the ability to articulate (说出) your thoughts, they should be a breeze.”[H] How students ultimately handle stress may depend on their personaltest-taking abilities. There are people who always wait until the last minute, and make it much harder than it needs to be. And then there those who, not knowing what questions are coming at them, and having no resources to refer to, can freeze. And then there are we rare folks who fit both those descriptions.[I] Yes, my advanced age must factor into the equation (等式), in part because of my inability toaccess the information as quickly. As another returning student at Columbia, Kate Marber, toldme, “We are learning not only all this information, but essentially how to learn again. Ourfellow students have just come out of high school. A lot has changed since we were last inschool.”[J] If nothing else, the situation has given my college son and me something to share, When Iasked his opinion on this matter, he responded, “I like in-class exams because the time isalready reserved, as opposed to using my free time at home to work on a test,”he responded.It seems to me that a compromise would be receiving the exam questions a day or two inadvance, and then doing the actual test in class the ticking clock overhead.[K] Better yet, how about what one Hunter College professor reportedly did recently for her finalexam: She encouraged the class not to stress or even study, promising that, “It is going to be apiece of cake.” When the students came in, sharpened pencils in hand, there was not a bluebook in sight. Rather, they saw a large chocolate cake and they each were givena slice.36. Elderly students find it hard to keep up with the rapid changes in education.37. Some believe take-home exams may affect students' performance in other courses.38. Certain professors believe in-class exams are ultimately more helpful to students.39. In-class exams are believed to discourage cheating in exams.40. The author was happy to learn she could do some exams at home.41. Students who put off their work until the last moment often find the exams more difficult thanthey actually are.42. Different students may prefer different types of exams.43. Most professors agree whether to give an in-class or a take-home exam depends on type ofcourse being taught.44. The author dropped out of college some forty years ago.45. Some students think take-home exams will eat up their free time.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroundings is a phenomenon known as the “first-night” effect. If a person stays in the same room the following night they tend to sleep more soundly. Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brown University set out to investigate the origins of this effect.Dr. Sasaki knew the first-night effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved. The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it whenperformance might be affected the following day. She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators (捕食者). This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing. To take a closer look, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the university’s Department of Psychological Sciences. The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked at the activity of their brains. Dr. Sasaki found, as expected, the participants slept less well on their first night than they did on their second, taking more than twice as long to fall asleep and sleeping less overall. During deep sleep, the participants’ brains behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins. On the first night only, the left hemispheres (半球) of their brains did not sleep nearly as deeply as their right hemispheres did.Curious if the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process information detected in the surrounding environment, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that, if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found.46. What did researchers find puzzling about the first-night effect?A) To what extent it can trouble people. C) What circumstances may trigger it.B) What role it has played in evolution. D) In what way it can be beneficial.47. What do we learn about Dr. Yuka Sasaki doing her research?A) She found birds and dolphins remain alert while asleep.B) She found birds and dolphins sleep in much the same way.C) She got some idea from previous studies on birds and dolphinsD) She conducted studies on birds’ and dolphins’ sleeping patterns.48. What did Dr. Sasaki do when she first did her experiment?A) She monitored the brain activity of participants sleeping in a new environment.B) She recruited 35 participants from her Department of Psychological Sciences.C) She studied the differences between the two sides of participants’ brains.D) She tested her findings about birds and dolphins on human subjects.49. What did Dr. Sasaki do when re-running her experiment?A) She analyzed the negative effect of irregular tones on brains.B) She recorded participants’ adaptation to changed environment.C) She exposed her participants to two different stimuli.D) She compared the responses of different participants.50. What did Dr. Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment?A) They tended to enjoy certain tones more than others.B) They tended to perceive irregular beeps as a threat.C) They felt sleepy when exposed to regular beeps.D) They differed in their tolerance of irregular tones.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.It’s time to reevaluate how women handle conflict at work. Being overworked or over-committed at home and on the job will not get you where you want to be in life. It will only slow you down and hinder your career goals.Did you know women are more likely than men to feel exhausted? Nearly twice as many women than men ages 18-44 reported feeling “very tired” or “exhausted”, according to a recent study.This may not be surprising given that this is the age range when women have children. It's also the age range when many women are trying to balance careers and home. One reason women may feel exhausted is that they have a hard time saying "no." Women want to be able todo it all volunteer for school parties or cook delicious meals-and so their answer to any request is often “Yes, I can.”Women struggle to say “no” in the workplace for similar reasons, including the desire to be liked by their colleagues. Unfortunately, this inability to say "no" may be hurting women's heath as well as their career.At the workplace, men use conflict as a way to position themselves, while women often avoid conflict or strive to be the peacemaker, because they don't want to be viewed as aggressive or disruptive at work. For example, there’s a problem that needs to be addressed immediately, resulting in a dispute over should be the one to fix it. Men are more likely to face that dispute from the perspective of what benefitsthem most, whereas women may approach the same dispute from the perspective of what's the easiest and quickest way to resolve the problem-evenif that means doing the boring work themselves.This difference in handling conflict could be the deciding factor on who gets promoted to a leadership position and who does not. Leaders have to be able to delegate and manage resources wisely – including staff expertise. Shouldering more of the workload may not earn you that promotion. Instead, it may highlight your inability to delegate effectively.51. What does the author say is the problem with women?A) They are often unclear about the career goals to reach.B) They are usually more committed at home than on the job.C) They tend to be over-optimistic about how far they could go.D) They tend to push themselves beyond the limits of their ability.52. Why do working women of child-bearing age tend to feel drained of energy?A) They struggle to satisfy the demands of both work and home.B) They are too devoted to work and unable to relax as a result.C) They do their best to cooperate with their workmates.D) They are obliged to take up too many responsibilities.53. What may hinder the future prospects of career women?A) Their unwillingness to say “no”.B) Their desire to be considered powerful.C) An underestimate of their own ability.D) A lack of courage to face challenges.54. Men and woman differ in their approach to resolving workplace conflicts in that______.A) women tend to be easily satisfiedB) men are generally more persuasiveC) men tend to put their personal interests firstD) women are much more ready to compromise55. What is important to a good leader?A) A dominant personality. C) The courage to admit failureB) The ability to delegate. D) A strong sense of responsibility.Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.华山位于华阴市，据西安120公里。

2023年12月大学英语四级真题试卷及答案(三套全) 一、听力理解第一套第一节(共5小题)1. What does the woman ask the man to do?A. Turn the television off.B. Turn the volume down.C. Turn the radio on.Answer: B2. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. At the post office.B. At the bank.C. At the hotel.Answer: C3. What does the man imply about the woman?A. She hasn’t been to New York City.B. She needs to find a new job.C. She travels a lot for work.Answer: A4. How long has the man been waiting?A. For an hour.B. For half an hour.C. For ten minutes.Answer: B5. What is the woman doing?A. She is looking for her keys.B. She is waiting for someone to arrive.C. She is talking on the phone.Answer: C第二节(共5小题)6. What is the woman asking the man to do?A. Fix her computer.B. Help her find a job.C. Visit her tomorrow.Answer: A7. What does the man offer to do next?A. Take the woman to the restaurant.B. Prepare dinner for the woman.C. Look for a restaurant on the Internet.Answer: C8. What does the man say abo ut the woman’s computer?A. It can’t be fixed.B. It needs a software update.C. It needs a new battery.Answer: B9. What does the woman suggest doing after dinner?A. Go for a walk.B. Watch a movie at home.C. Go to a movie theater.Answer: B10. How do es the woman feel about the man’s suggestion?A. Excited.B. Indifferent.C. Annoyed.Answer: A二、阅读理解第一套An important part of a child’s development is the acquisition of social skills. Social skills help children to interact effectively with others and build healthy relationships. These skills are vital for success in school, work, and life in general.One of the best ways to help children develop social skills is through play. Play allows children to practice andmaster social, emotional, and cognitive skills in a relaxed and enjoyableenvironment. Through play, children learn valuable skills such as cooperation, sharing, problem-solving, and communication.There are different types of play that help in the development of social skills. Cooperative play is when children play and work together towards a common goal. This type of play helps children to learn teamwork and collaboration. Pretend play, on the other hand, allows children to develop empathy and understanding of others’ perspectives. They learn to take on different roles and pretend to be someone else, which helps in developing their social and emotional intelligence. Board games and group activities also promote social interaction and help children learn important skills such as taking turns, following rules, and resolving conflicts in a fair manner.Parents and educators play a crucial role in promoting social skills development. They can create opportunities for play and provide guidance and support. It is important for parents to encourage their children to engage in various types of play and provide them with age-appropriate toys and games. Educators can incorporate play-based learning activities in the classroom to foster social skills development.In conclusion, play is a valuable tool for social skills development. It allows children to practice and master important skills while having fun. Parents and educators should recognize the importance of play and provide opportunities and support for children to engage in different types of play.第二套The concept of time management is essential in today’s fast-paced world. Effective time management helps individuals to prioritize tasks, handle multiple responsibilities, and increase productivity. It allows individuals to make the most out of their time and achieve their goals efficiently.Here are some tips for effective time management:1.Set goals: Identify your long-term and short-termgoals. Break them down into smaller, manageable tasks.This will help you stay focused and motivated.2.Prioritize tasks: Determine which tasks are mostimportant and urgent. Focus on completing these tasks first.3.Create a schedule: Use a planner or online calendarto schedule your tasks and activities. Set deadlines for each task to stay organized and keep track of your progress.4.Avoid multitasking: Multitasking may seem like atime-saving technique, but it can actually decreaseproductivity. Focus on one task at a time and give it yourfull attention.5.Delegate tasks: If possible, delegate tasks to others.This will free up your time and allow you to focus on more important tasks.6.Take breaks: Schedule regular breaks to rest andrecharge. This will help you maintain focus and preventburnout.7.Avoid procrastination: Procrastination can lead tounnecessary stress and missed deadlines. Break tasks into smaller, manageable parts and tackle them one at a time.8.Learn to say no: Don’t overcommit yourself. Learn tosay no to tasks that are not essential or do not align withyour goals.e technology: Take advantage of technology toolssuch as productivity apps and time tracking apps. Thesecan help you stay organized and manage your time moreeffectively.10.Review and adjust: Regularly review your scheduleand tasks. Adjust as needed to accommodate unexpectedevents or changes in priorities.By implementing these tips, you can improve your time management skills and achieve greater success in your personal and professional life.第三套The importance of physical exercise cannot be overstated. Regular exercise has numerous health benefits and plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy lifestyle.Physical exercise helps to strengthen the cardiovascular system, improve lung function, and increase muscle strength and endurance. It also promotes weight loss and helps to maintain a healthy body weight. Regular exercise reduces the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, andcertain types of cancer. It can also improve mental health by reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety.In addition to the physical benefits, exercise is also important for cognitive function. Studies have shown that regular exercise improves memory, attention, and problem-solving skills. It can also enhance creativity and productivity.Exercise is not only beneficial for adults but also for children and adolescents. Regular physical activity in childhood and adolescence helps to develop healthy bones, muscles, and joints. It improves coordination and balance, and reduces the risk of childhood obesity. It also has a positive impact on academic performance, including improved concentration and focus.There are many different forms of exercise that individuals can choose from, including aerobic exercise, strength training, flexibility exercises, and high-intensity interval training (HIIT). It is important to find a form of exercise that you enjoy and can incorporate into your daily routine.In conclusion, regular physical exercise is essential for overall health and well-being. It has numerous physical and mental health benefits and should be a priority for individuals of all ages. Make exercise a part of your daily routine and reap the rewards of a healthy and active lifestyle.三、写作题目及答案第一套写作题目：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:。

2023年3月英语四级真题及参考答案四级试卷采用多题多卷形式，大家核对答案时，找准具体选项内容，忽略套数！写作部分（共3套）介绍最近读的书As Bacon said, some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. As far as the classics I have been reading lately, the one that I think is most worth chewing and digesting is Jane Eyre.The story centers on a woman named Jane Eyre. Jane was a poor orphan with an unpleasant life in her childhood, but her intelligence distinguished herself at Thornfield, where she worked as a governess. Her true love with Edward Rochester made her bravely reject other people’s proposal even after being deceived by Rochester. Finally Jane came back to Rochester who was disabled. What a powerful and independent woman she is!After understanding the story in depth, readers will become more aware of the infinite possibilities of women. Feminism is a word that attracts women in all ages. In my opinion, women will be respected if they respect themselves. They should havethe courage to depend on their own power. Only the power from their deep heart can really make women beautiful and confident.关于演讲的报道A Lecture about How to Become a Good WriterOn June 2, Professor Wang, a famous scholar, gave a successful lecture on how to become a good writer to students in the Lecture Hall which was crowded with feverish students who were eager to have an interaction with Professor Wang throughout the lecture.Professor Wang started his lecture with a provocative question—what a writer is? Then he described his early life, which contributed a lot to his creations. Finally, combining the personal experience with his profound understanding of the mission of a writer, he concluded his lecture with several suggestions on how to become a good writer.The lecture inspired sparks and enthusiasm among students who are fascinated with literature. Li Hua, a senior majoring in Chinese Literature, said he felt very excited to see Professor Wang personally and gained much encouragement and inspiration for his future studies.职业规划An Account and Summary of a Career Planning SeminarRecently I attended a career planning seminar. This seminar mainly discussed the importance of career planning and told us as college students how to plan our careers. Through this career planning seminar, I realized that it’s essential to have a career plan, because it helps us make effective career decisions and respond timely to new opportunities, and keeps us focused on our career goals. Besides, I also got some essential career planning strategies. I understood that I can set short-term goals and long-term goals for my career, and by achieving those realistic, achievable, time-bound short-terms goals can I realize my long-term dream step by step. From this career planning seminar, I really gained a lot and began to think about my future and my life seriously.听力部分（共1套）第一套1. A) A proposed policy allowing Africans to travel in Africa without a visa.2. C) It will reduce the cost of trade between African countries.3. D) Pumping carbon dioxide underground to form stone.4. C) High consumptionof water5. B) It has been on the decline6. D) They favor diets lower in calories7. B) They spend less time eating breakfast.8. A) After the rush hour.9. C) One window seat.10.B) At the far end of the platform.11.D) Give the ticket to the train guard.12.C) Nearly all of them closed down decades ago.13.A) It shows foreign movies exclusively.14.B) They don't speak foreign languages.15.D) They have an English translation on the screen.16.B) She incorporates smartphones into her teaching.17.C) To help children grow up to be professionals.18.A) Use books and pens only.19.D) By helping her brother wash windows.20.A) She dordered a large number of dolls.21.B) They took all of them to the children’s hospital.22. A) The time one starts school.23. B) To find causes for differences in the participa nts’ performance.24. D) High-school students.25. C) Risk-taking.阅读部分（共1套）第一套选词填空文章开头：It's a fantasy that goes back centuries: a message in a bottle...【答案速查】26-30 ODLCI 31-35 AMHBN26. O alike27. D struck28. L delight29. C suspect30. I intense31. A wore32. M colorful33. H mess34. B wildlife35. N bore（1）长篇阅读标题：Hyphenating your last name after marriage?（2）答案速查36-40 HDIAJ 41-45 BEGLF（3）题干、答案和定位处36. Many people today still find name hyphenation upon marriage unacceptable.36. H 【定位】If you care about outside opinions on your name, you should know thata large portion of today’s society is annoyed by the hyphenated name.37. As a compromise, a bride will in most cases adopt a name that combines the couple’s last names.37. D【定位】Most of the time, though, the most popular compromise is to hyphenate your last name and the last name of your groom.38. The bride should consider adopting her groom's last name whether he feels strongly about it or not.38. I【定位】 Whether your future husband insisting on your adopting his last name is a red flag to you or not, it is still something that you should take into consideration.39. Making preparations for marriage causes a lot of stress.39. A 【定位】 While being married is great and wonderful, the act of getting married can be quite stressful.40. Hyphenating the last names could be a win-win solution should arguments arise about what name to adopt upon marriage.40. J 【定位】One spouse wants a complete name change. The other spouse wants no name change. Hyphenating the two names is a way for each person to, at least a little bit, “win”the argument.41. It used to be considered socially unacceptable for a bride to retain her maiden name.41. B 【定位】The act of keeping her own last name was considered t aboo and people’s eyebrows would raise right of their faces...42. The bride who adopts a hyphenated last name after marriage can maintain connections with their past achievements.42. E【定位】It allows you to stay connected to accomplishments that you achieved before you got married.43.Hyphenating names allows the bride to preserve her own identity while respecting tradition.43. G 【定位】At the the time, your name is associated with the identity you’ve built up and hyphenation allows you to respect that while also respecting tradition and your husband’s family’s identity.44. No matter what name the bride adopts, it is most important that the newly weds truly love each other.44. L 【定位】At the end of the day, whether you each keep your names, ... what matters is that you love each other and are going to be joining your lives together.45. Legally speaking, the bride is free to choose whatever name she prefers. 45. F 【定位】While tradition is one thing, there isn’t any logical reason to completely change your name.Passage One文章开头：It’s good to be smart……答案速查：46-50 ABDAC46. What do we learn from the passage about the brightest people?A) They can make silly mistakes in straightforward situations.47. What accounts for the existence of intelligent people’s logical blind spots?B) Too much faith in their ability to think.48. How do smart people react when they are found to be wrong?D) They may get offended.49. What may happen to smart people who find it difficult to accept suggestions?A) They may suffer in their professional and private life.50. What is said about those working with or under overachieving people?C) They are under increasing pressure.Passage Two文章开头：Of the endless troubles that come with being...答案速查：51-55 DADCB51.Why is the U.S. State Department launching an online learning program for refugees?D)To help them to meet new employment standards.52. What do we know about “Coursera for Refugees”?A) It provides refugees with a wide range of courses free of charge.53. What does the passage say is a consequence of the global migrant crisis?D) Refugees find it more difficult to get a job.54. What does the author say causes refugees’difficulty in taking online courses?C) Lack of language skills.55. What did the joint study find about the MOOCs several years ago?B) They benefited most of the learners.翻译部分（共3套）自助游近年来，越来越多的年轻人喜爱各种形式的自助旅游。

P ar t 大学英语四级考试2023年12月真题(第3套)及真题详细解析I W r i t i n g (30 m i nu t e s )D i re c t i o n s : S u pp o se t h e un i v ers i t y n e w s p a p e r i s i n v i t i n g su b m i s s i on s f r o m t h e s t u d e n t s f o r i t s c o m i n ge di t i on o n w h a t i n t h e i r u n i v e rs i t y i m p re sse s t h em m os t . Y o u a r e n o w t o wr i t e a n e ss a yf o r su b m i s s i on .Y o u w i l l h a v e 30 m i n u t e s t o w r i t e t h e e ss a y . Y o u s h o u l d wr i t e a t l e as t 120 w o r d s b u t n o mo r e t h a n 180w o r d s.L i s t e n i n g C o m p re h e ns i o n P ar t I Ⅱ(25 m i n u t e s )特别说明：由于多题多卷，官方第三套真题的听力试题与第二套真题的一致，只是选项顺序不同，因此，本套试卷不再提供听力部分。

R e a d i n g C o m p re h en s i o n P a r t Ⅲ(40 m i n u t es )S e c t i o n A D i rec t i o ns : I n t h i s sec t i o n , t h e r e i s a p a s s a g e w i t h t en b l a n k s . Y o u are re q u i r e d t o se l e c t o n e w or d f o r e a c h b l an k f r om a l i s t o f c h o i c es g i v e n i n a w o r d b a n k f o ll o w i n g t h e p as a g e . R e a d t h e p a ss a g e t h r o u g h c a r e f u l l y b e r o r e m a k i n g y o ur c h o i c e s . E a c h c h o i c e i n t h e b an k i s i d e n t i i e d b y a l e t t e r P l e as e m a r k t h e c o r r e s p on di n g l e t e r f o r e a c h i t e m o n A n s w e r S h ee t 2 w i t h a s i n g l e li n e t h r o u g h t h e ce n t re . Y o u m a y no t u se a n y o f t h e wor d s i n t h e b a n k m ore t h a n o n ce .W h en p eo p l e s e t o u t t o i m p r o v e t h e i r h e a l t h , t h e y us ua l l y t a k e a f a m ili ar p a t h : s t a r t i n g a h e a l t h y d i e t , g e t t i n g b e t t e r s l ee p , an d d o i n g r e g u l a r e x e rc i s e . E ac h o f t h e s e b e h av i o r s i s i m p o r t an t , o f co urs e , b u t t h e y a l l 26 o n p h y s i c a l h ea l t h —a n d a g r o w i n g b o d y o f r e s e ar c h s u g g e s t s t h a t s oc i a l h e a l t h i s j us t as , i f n o t m o re , i m p o r t an t t o 27 w e l l -b e i n g .O n e r ece n t s t u d y p u b l i s h e d i n t h e j o u m a l P L OS ON E , f o r e x am p l e , f o un d t h a t t h e s t r en g t h o f a p er s o n 's s oc i a l c i r c l e w as a b e t t e r 28_ o f se l f -r e p o r t e d s t r e ss , h a pp i n e ss an d w e l l -b e i n g l e v e l s t h a n fi t n e ss t ra c k e r d a t a o n p h y s i c a l ac t i v i t y , h ear t ra t e an d s l e e p . T h a t fi n di n g s u gg es t s t h a t t h e “29 se l f ” r e p r ese n t e d b y e n d l ess am o un t s o f h ea lth d a t a d o e sn 't t e l l t h e w h o l e 30T h e r e 's a l so a q u a li f e d se l f , w h i c h i s w h o I am , w h a t a r e m y ac t i v i t i es , m y s oc i a l n e t w o r k , an d a l l o f t h e s e i n an y o f t h e s e meas u rem e n t s .as p ec t s ar e n o t 31T hi s id ea i s s u p p o r t e d b y p l e n t y o f 32 r e s e ar c h . S t u di e s h ave s h o w n t h a t s o c i a l su pp o r t -w h e t h er i t c omes 33 a ss o c i a t e d w i t h b e t t e r m e n t a l an d p h y s i c a l h e a l t h . A r i c h f r o m f r i en d s , f a m i l y m e m b e r s o r a s p o us e -i s s oc i a l l if e , t h e s e s t u d i e s su g g es t , ca n l o we r s t r ess l e ve l s ,i m p r o ve m oo d , e n co u ra g e p os i t i v e h ea l t h b e h a v i o r s a n d d i scou ra g e d a ma g i n g o n es , b oo s t h ea r t h e a l t h a n d i m p r o ve i ll ne ss 34 ra t e s .S oc i a l i s o l a t i o n , m eanw h il e , i s li n k e d t o hi g h er ra t e s o f p h y s i c a l di s e a s e s an d men t a l h ea l t h con d i t i o ns .I t 's a s i g n if i can t p ro bl e m ,35 s i n ce l o n e li n es s i s eme r g i n g as a w i d e s p r e a d p u b l i c h e a l t h p r o b l e m i n m a n y c o u n t r i e s .·2023年12月四级真题(第三套)·19。

英语四级详细参考答案（全三套）四级听力1听力第一套Section ANews Report OneA message in a bottle sent out to sea by a New Hampshire man more than five decades ago was found 1500miles away and he’s been returned to his daughter. The long lost message was discovered by Clint Buffington of Utah while he was vacationing. Buffington says he found a soda bottle half-buried in the sand that looked like it had been there since the beginning of time.The note inside the bottle said, "Return to 419 Ocean Street and receive a reward of $150 from Richard and Tina Pierce, owners of the beach Comber motel.The motel was owned by the Paula Pierce in 1960. Her father had written the notes as a joke and had thrown it into the Atlantic Ocean. Buffington flew to New Hampshire to deliver that message to Pola Pierce. She held up to her father's promise giving Buffington that reward. But the biggest reward is the message in a bottle finding its way back home.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. What is the news report mainly about?2. Why did Paula Pierce give Clint Buffington the reward?News Report TwoMillions of bees have died in South Carolina during aerial insect spraying operations that were carried out to combat the Zika virus. The insects spraying over the weekend left more than 2 million bees dead on the spot in Dorchester county South Carolina, where four travel-related cases of Zika disease have been confirmed in the area. Most of the deaths came from Flower Town Bee farm, a company in Somerville that sells bees and honey products. Juanita Stanley who owns the company said the farm looks like it's been destroyed. The farm lost about 2.5 million bees. Dorchester county officials apologized for the accidental mass killing of bees.Dorchester County is aware that some beekeepers in the area that was sprayed on Sunday lost their bee colonies.County manager Jason Ward said in a statement. “I'm not pleased that so many bees were killed.”Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. Why was spraying operations carried out in Dorchester County?4. What does the news reports say about Flower Town Bee farm?News Report ThreeThe world's largest aircraft has taken to the skies for the first time. The Airlander 10 spent nearly 2 hours in the air having taken off from Coddington airfield in Bedfordshire. During its flight it reached 3000 feet and performed a series of gentle turns all over a safe area. The aircraft is massive as long as a football field and as tall as 6 double decker buses and capable of flying for up to 5 days. It was first developed for the US government as a long range spy aircraft, but was abandoned following budget cutbacks. The aircraft cost25 million pounds and can carry heavier loads than huge jet planes while also producing less noise and omittingless pollution. The makers believe it's the future of aircraft and one day we'll be using them to go places. But there's still a long way to go. The Airlander will need to have 200 hours flying time before being allowed to fly by the aviation administration if it passes though we can hope we'll all get some extra legroom.Questions 5 and 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. What do we learn about the first flight of the Airlander 10?6. What caused the US government to abandon theAirlander 10 as a spy aircraft?7. What is the advantage of the Airlander 10 over huge jet planes?Section BConversation OneM: Do you feel like going out tonight？W：Yeah，why not，we haven’t been out for ages, what’s on?M: Well, there’s a film about climate change. Does it sound good to you?W: No, not really, it doesn’t really appeal to me. What’s it about? Just climate change?M: I think it’s about how climate change affects everyday life. I wonder how they make it entertaining.W: Well, it sounds really awful, it’s an important subject I agree. But I am not in the mood for anything depressing. What else is on?M：There’s a Spanish dance festival.W: Oh, I love dance. That sounds really interesting.M: Apparently, it’s absolutely brilliant. Let’s see what it says in the paper. A leads an exciting production of the great Spanish love story Kamen.W: Ok, then. What time is it on?M: At 7:30.W: Well, that’s no good. We haven’t got enough time to get there. Is there anything else?M: There’s a comedy special on.W: Where’s it on?M: It’s at the city theater. It’s a charity comedy night with lots of different acts. It looks pretty good. The critic in the local the paper says it’s the funniest thing he’s ever seen. It says here Roger Whitehead is an amazing host to a night of fun performances.W: Em.. I am not keen on him. He is not very funny.M: Are you sure your fancy going out tonight? You are not very enthusiastic.W: Perhaps you are righ t. Okay, let’s go to see the dance. But tomorrow, not tonight.M: Great, I’ll book the tickets online.Questions 8 and 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. What does the women think of the climate change?9. Why do the speakers give up going to the Spanish dance festival tonight?10. What does the critic say about the comedy performed at the city theater?11. What does the woman decide to do tomorrow?Conversation TwoW: Good morning Mr. Lee, May I have a minutes of your time?M: Sure Katherine, what can I do for you?W: I’m quiet anxious about transferring over to our college, I’m afraid I won’t fit in.M: don't worry Katherine, it’s completely normal for you to be nervous about transferring schools, this happens to many transfer students.W: Yes, I know, but I’m younger than most students in my year and that worries me a lot.M: Well, you may be the only younger one in your year, but you know, we have a lot of after-school activities you can join in, and so, this way, you will be able to meet new friends of different age groups.W: That’s nice, I love games and hobby groups.M: I’m sure you do, so will be just fine, don’t worry so much and try to make the most of what we have on offer here, also, remember that you can come to me anytime of the day if you need help.W: Thanks so much, I definitely feel better now, as a matter of fact, I’ve already contacted one of the girls who will be living in the same house with me, and she seemed really nice. I guess living on campus, I'll hav e a chance to have a close circle of friends, since we'll be living together.M: All students are very friendly with new arrivals. Let me check who would be living with you in your flat.Okay. There are Hannah, Kelly, and Bree. Bree is also a new student h ere, like you, I’m sure you two ‘ll have more to share with each other.Questions 12 and 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. Why does Katherine feel anxious?13. What does Mr. Lee encourage Katherine to do?14. What does Mr. Lee promised to do for Katherine?15. What do we learn about Katherine’ schoolmate Bree?Section CPassage OneHave you ever felt like you would do just about anything to satisfy your hunger? A new study in mice may help to explain why hunger can feel like such a powerful motivating force. In the study, researchers found that hunger outweighed other physical drives, including fear, thirst and social needs.To determine which feeling won out, the researchers did a series of experiments. In o ne experiment, the mice were both hungry and thirsty. When given the choice of either eating food or drinking water, the mice went for the food, the researchers found. However, when the mice were well-fed but thirsty, they opted to drink, according to the study. In the second experiment meant to pit the mice's hunger against their fear, hungry mice were placed in a cage that had certain "fox-scented" areas and other places that smelled safer (in other words, not like an animal that could eat them) but also had food. It turned out that, when the mice were hungry, they ventured into the unsafe areas for food. But when the mice were well-fed, they stayed in areas of the cage thatwere considered "safe." Hunger also outweighed the mice's social needs, the resear chers found. Mice are usually social animals and prefer to be in the company of other mice, according to the study. When the mice were hungry, they opted to leave the company of other mice to go get food.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. What is the researchers’ purpose in carrying out the serious experiment with mice?17. In what circumstances, do mice venture into unsafe areas?18. What is said about mice at the end of the passage?Passage TwoThe United States has one of the best highway systems in the world. Interstate highways connect just about every large and mid-sized city in the country. Did you ever wonder why such a complete system of excellent roads exists? For an answer，you would have to go back to the early 1920s. In those years, just after World War I, the military wanted to build an American highway system for national defense. Such a system could, if necessary, move troops quickly from one area to another. It could also get people out of cities in dan ger of being bombed. So-called roads of national importance were designated, but they were mostly small country roads. In 1944, Congress passed a bill to upgrade the system, but did not fund the plan right away. In the 1950s, the plan began to become a reality. Over $25 billion was appropriated by congress, and construction began on about 40,000 miles of new roads. The idea was to connect the new system to existing expressways and freeways. And though the system was built mostly to make car travel easier, defense was not forgotten. For instance, highway overpasses had to be high enough to allow trailers carrying military missiles to pass under them. By 1974, this system was mostly completed. A few additional roads would come later. Quick and easy travel between all parts of the country was now possible.Questions 19 and 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. What does the speaker say about the American highway system?20. What was the original purpose of building a highway system?21. When was the interstate highway system mostly completed?Passage ThreeTexting while driving was listed as a major cause of road deaths among young Americans back in 2013. A recent study said that 40% of American teens claim to have been in a car when the driver used a cell phone in a way that put people in danger. This sounds like a widespread disease but it's one that technology may now helped cure. T.J. Evarts, a 20- year-old inventor, has come up with a novel solution that could easily put texting drivers on notice. It's called Smart Wheel, and it's designed to fit over the steering wheel of most standard vehicles to track whether or not the driver has two hands on the wheel at all times. Evarts’ invention warns the drivers with the light and the sound when they hold the wheel with one hand only, but as soon as they place the other hand back on the wheel the light turns back to green and the sound stops. It also watches for what's called “close by hands”, where both hands are close together near the top o f the wheel so the driver can type with both thumbs and drive at the same time. All the data Smart Wheel collects is also sent to a connected app. So any parents who install Smart Wheel can keep track of the teens’ driving habits. If they try to remove or damage the cover, that's reported as well.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. What is a major cause of road deaths among young Americans?23. What is Smart Wheel?24. What happens if the driver has one hand on the wheel?25. How do parents keep track of their teens’ driving habits?参考答案：ABBCA CDADC BDCAD BACDB ABACB2听力第二套参考答案：Section A1. B) Scared.2. D) It was covered with large scales.3. A) A Study of the fast-food service.4. C) Increased variety of products.5. C) US government’s approval of private space missions.6. A) Deliver scientific equipment to the moon.7. B) It is promising.Section B8. D) Lying in the sun on a Thai beach.9. A) She visited a Thai orphanage10. D)His phone is running out of power.11. C ) He collects things from different countries.12. D) Trying out a new gym in town.13. C) A discount for a half-year membership.14. D) The operation of fitness equipment.15. C) She knows the basics of weight-lifting.Section C16. B) They often apply for a number of positions.17. A) Get better organized.18. D) Apply for more promising positions.19. B) If not forced to go to school, kids would be out in the streets.20. D) Design activities they now enjoy doing on holidays.21. D)Take kids out of school to learn at first hand22. C) It is seen almost anywhere and on any occasion.23 D) It offers people a chance to socialize.24 A) Their state of mind improved.25 B) It is life.2018年6月四级阅读1阅读第一套Section A26. E) constructed27. O) undertaken28. F) consulted29. C) collection30. N) scale31. I) eventually32. K) necessarily33. L) production34. A) cheaper35. J) heightSection B36. K）A 20-year-old junior at Georgia Southern University told BuzzFeed News that she normally…37. D）“When we talk about the access code we see it as the new face of the textbook monopoly(垄断), a new way to lock students around this system,”…38. M）Harper, a poultry（家禽）science major, is taking chemistry again this year and had to buy a new access code to hand in her homework…39. G）The access codes may be another financial headache for students, but for textbook businesses, they’re the future…40. B）The codes—which typically range in price from ＄80 to ＄155 per course—give students online access to systems developed by education companies like McGraw Hill and Pearson…41. L）Benjamin Wolverton, a 19-year-old student at the University of South Carolina, told BuzzFeed News that…42. H）A Pearson spokesperson told BuzzFeed News that “dig ital materials are less expensive and a good investment” that offer new features,…43. F）She decided to wait for her next work-study paycheck, which was typically $150-$200, to pay for the code…44. J）David Hunt, an associate professor in sociology at Augusta University, which has rolled out digital textbooks across its math and psychology departments,…45. C）But critics say the digital access codes represent the same profit-seeking ethos(观念) of the textbook business, and are even harder for students to opt out of…Section CPassage One开头英语为：Losing your ability46. A) Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.答案出处:There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.47. C) Communication within our brain weakens.答案出处:Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain.48. A) Totally forgetting how to do one's daily routines.答案出处:Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you’ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.49. C) Turn to a professional for assistance.答案出处:Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory.50. D) Staying active both physically and mentally.答案出处:And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent by building up your brain's cognitive reserve.In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain booster.Passage Two文章开头是A letter51. What happened to Darwin's letter in the 1970s?B) It was stolen more than once.答案出处：“We realized in the mid-1970s that it was missing,”…. likely taken by an intern (实习生)”… “The intern likely took the letter again once nobody was watching it.”52. What did the FBI do after the recovery of the letter?A) They proved its authenticity.答案出处：Their art crime team recovered the letter but were unable to press charges because the time oflimitations had ended. The FBI worked closely with the Archives to determine that the letter was both authentic and definitely Smithsonian’s property.53. What is Darwin's letter about?D) His acknowledgement for help from a professional.答案出处：The letter was written by Darwin to thank an American geologist, Dr. Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden, for sending him copies of his research into the geology of the region that would become Yellowstone National Park.54. What will the Smithsonian Institution Archives do with the letter according to Kapsalis?D) Make it available online.答案出处：After it is repaired, we will take digital photos of it and that will be available online.55. What has the past half century witnessed according to Kapsalis?B) Radical changes in archiving practices.答案出处：…“Archiving practices have changed greatly since the 1970s,”says Kapsalis, “and we keep our high value documents in a safe…”2阅读第二套Section A26-30 M N C J F 31-35 K L B I E26. M) pollutants27. N) restricted28. C) consequence29. J) innovation30. F) detail31. K) intended32. L) outdoor33. B) collaborating34. I) inhabitants35. E) creatingSection BAs Tourists Crowd Out Locals, Venice Faces “Endangered” List36. E Just beyond St. Mark’s Square…37. J Earlier this year …38. G Venice’s deadline passed with …39. C Venice is one of…40. N Then it hits him…41. F For a time, UNESCO, …42. B “People are cheering and holding …”43. L The city’s current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro …44. D Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, …45. H But UNESCO didn’t even hold a vote …Section CPassage one46. C) Help them build a positive attitude towards life.47. A) Earn more money.48. C) How long its positive effect lasts.49. D) Their communication with others improved.50. A) Find financial support.Passage Two51. C) They all experienced terrible misfortunes.52. B) The utmost comfort passengers could enjoy.53. A) It was a mere piece of decoration.54. D) The belief that they could never sink with a double-layer body.55. A) She was used to carry troops.3阅读第三套Section A26. C) cast27. L) replaced28. F) efficient29. J) professionals30. E) decorative31. G) electrified32. I) photographed33. B) approach34. K) quality35. H) identify长篇阅读n-American students have been eager participants…37.C.But instead of bringing families together…38.I.The issue of the stresses felt by students in elites school…39.E.The district has become increasingly popular with..40.B.With his letter…41.K.Not all public opinion…42.H.Jennifer Lee…43.D.About 10 minutes44.A.This fall…45.G.Both Asian-American and white families…Section C仔细阅读Passage One46. A) Senesa’s thinking is still applicable today.47. B) It is a teaching tool under development.48. C) It helps them learn their academic subjects better.49. D) They use various ways to explain the materials.50. B) Their emotional involvement.Passage Two51:D) They are beter educated than their counterparts.52 C ) They think it needs further improving.53. B) Job stability and flexibility.54. D) The balance between work and family.55. A) They still view this world as one dominated by males.2018年6月四级翻译1翻译第一套：过去，乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的。

2024年6月大学英语四级考试真题和答案（第3套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: Suppose your university is seeking students’ opinions on whether university canteens should be open to the public. You are now to write an essay to express your view. You will have 30 minutes for the task. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) It hit a bird shortly after takeoff.B) Its crew members went on strike.C) It narrowly escaped a plane crash when turning around.D) Its captain got slightly injured during the forced landing.2. A) Panic.B) Nervous.C) Relieved.D) Contented.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) He is now kept in a secure area.B) He has escaped the zoo once again.C) He has been caught a second time.D) He finally disappeared six days ago.4. A) Squeezed.B) Threatened.C) Disappointed.D) Frustrated.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) It is condemned as a crazy idea.B) It is enriching the city’s night life.C) It is questioned by local residents.D) It is giving rise to safety concerns.6. A) Avoid entering one-way streets.B) Ensure the safety of pedestrians.C) Follow all the traffic rules drivers do.D) Give way to automobiles at all times.7. A) To ease the city’s busy traffic.B) To bring new life into the city.C) To add a new means of transport.D) To reduce the city’s air pollution.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) Take it seriously.B) Discuss it regularly.C) Make it sound scary.D) Talk about it openly.9. A) By shopping around for the best deals.B) By making abstract sums relevant.C) By citing concrete examples.D) By visiting discount stores.10. A) Paying their kids to help with housework.B) Setting kids a good example by sharing chores.C) Giving kids pocket money according to their needs.D) Urging kids to deposit some of their gift money.11. A) The importance of cutting down family expenses.B) The need to learn important lessons from her elders.C) The delight in seeing their savings grow.D) The necessity of saving into a pension.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) He is a successful businessman.B) He reviews books on political affairs.C) He has published a new bestseller.D) He has worked in several banks.13. A) The man’s ideas about education.B) The man’s academic background.C) The man’s attempts at drawing public attention.D) The man’s proposals to solve economic problems.14. A) To reduce students’ financial burden.B) To motivate all students to be successful.C) To give students incentive to excel in economics.D) To provide remedies for students’ poor performance.15. A) Improving school budgeting.B) Increasing tuition fees.C) Seeking donations.D) Raising taxes.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) To show his sympathy towards people always being busy.B) To prevent people from complaining about being “busy”.C) To call on busy people to take care of themselves.D) To help busy people to sort out their priorities.17. A) Avoid saying we are busy.B) Reflect on their true purpose.C) Describe our schedule in detail.D) Respond as most busy people do.18. A) To show their achievements resulted from great efforts.B) To prove they stand out as accomplished professionals.C) To cover up their failure to achieve some purpose.D) To tell others a complete lie about their inability.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) They will help one reduce fear.B) They should become so popular.C) They will be less challenging after a time.D) They should cover so many different types.20. A) To break one’s ultimate limits.B) To stop being extremely afraid.C) To avoid dangerous mistakes.D) To enjoy the sports to the full.21. A) By allowing our motivation to be at an all-time high.B) By stopping us hurting the same muscles repeatedly.C) By burning as many as 300 calories per hour.D) By enabling us to get an all-over workout.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) It is natural.B) It is instrumental.C) It is personal.D) It is vital.23. A) To guard against being perceived negatively.B) To prevent themselves from being isolated.C) To conceal personality preferences.D) To maintain workplace harmony.24. A) It helps to enhance team spirit.B) It stimulates innovative ideas.C) It helps to resolve problems.D) It facilitates policy-making.25. A) An innovative mind.B) Corporate culture.C) Mutual trust.D) A healthy mentality.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once．Over the coming decades, millions of jobs will be threatened by robotics and artificial intelligence. Despite intensiveacademic____26____on these developments, there has been little study on how workers____27____to being replaced through technology.To find out, business researchers at TUM and Erasmus University Rotterdam conducted 11 studies and surveys with over 2,000 persons from several countries.The findings show: In principle, most people view itmore____28____when workers are replaced by other people than by robots or intelligent software. This preference____29____,however, when it refers to people’s own jobs. When that is the case, the majority of workers find it less upsetting to see their own jobs go to robots than to other employees. In the long term, however, the same people see machines as more threatening to their future role in the workforce. These effects can also be observed among people who have recently become unemployed.The researchers were able to identify the causes behindthese____30____paradoxical results, too: People tendto____31____themselves less with machines than with other people. Consequently, being replaced by a robot or software____32____less of a threat to their feeling of self-worth. This reduced self-threat could even be observed when participants assumed that they were being replaced by other employees who relied on technological abilities such as artificial intelligence in their work.“Even when unemployment results from the____33____of new technologies, people still judge it in a social context,” says Christoph Fuchs, one of the authors of the study. “It is important to understand these____34____effects when trying to manage the massive changes in the working world to minimize____35____in society.”A) compareB) contradictsC) conventionalD) debateE) disruptionsF) drasticallyG) favorablyH) guaranteeI) introductionJ) modificationsK) posesL) psychologicalM) reactN) reversesO) seeminglySection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.No escape as ‘snow day’ becomes ‘e-learning day’A) Certain institutions, such as schools, are likely to close when bad weather, such as snow, flooding or extreme heat or cold, causes travel difficulties, power outages (断供), or otherwise endangers public safety. When snowy weather arrives in the US, it means the chance of school children benefiting from the long-standing tradition of the “snow day”, when schools are forced to close and students get an unexpected day off.B) The criterion for a snow day is primarily the inability of school buses to operate safely on their routes and danger to children who walk to school. Often, the school remains officially open even though busesdo not run and classes are canceled. Severe weather that causes cancellation or delay is more likely in regions that are less able to handle the situation. Snow days are less common in more northern areas of the United States that are used to heavy winter snowfall, because municipalities are well equipped to clear roads and remove snow. In areas less accustomed to snow even small snowfalls of an inch or two may render roads unsafe.C) Snow days are a familiar theme in American film and TV shows, with children getting the good news and then running outside for some seasonal snowman-building and snowball throwing, against a background of joyful pop music. But the tradition is now over for pupils in several US states such as South Carolina, Nevada, Georgia and Indiana. This academic year, many school boards have introduced policies which require students to work from home if the school is shut by snow or extreme weather. They are known as “e-learning days”, which certainly sounds less fun than a snow day.D) Teachers are also losing their snow days and instead will be expected to be on hand to take a virtual register and answer students’questions online. A pilot programme in a school district in Anderson County, South Carolina, has supplied students with electronic tablets loaded with assignments to complete in the event of a school closure. If it is successful, it could be rolled out across the state.E) But some parents object to the new policy if the vigorous debate on the Facebook page of Anderson County school district is anything to go by. “When it snows, let the kids enjoy it,” said one commenter. Another said the decision would “ruin school even more”, and someone else called snow days “a fun part of childhood”. But supporters of the policy say it means children will miss fewer days of school. It will also bring to an end a less popular US high school tradition: the “make-up day”, which requires students in many states to make up the time lost due to weather by working during school holidays.F) Students in North Carolina already have several make-up days scheduled because of school closures during Hurricane Florence, which struck in September. Tom Wilson, the superintendent (主管) of Anderson County school district, said the change away from snow days makes practical and financial sense. He said technology has changed every profession, so it makes sense to use it to “eliminate” make-up days. Adam Baker of the Department of Education in Indiana said e-learning days were proving a “great success”. He said most Indiana schools already use digital devices during lessons, so it was an “easy decision” to extend this to days when schools are closed. He denies the decision is depriving children of the chance to enjoy the snow. “Students are still able to enjoy snow days and outside time,” he said. “Many have PE and science assignments that have them out enjoying the weather.” But local school superintendents in Ohio are resisting proposals to adopt elearning days.They fear that students without internet access at home will be disadvantaged by the policy, and superintendent Tom Roth is concerned that e-learning days will offer a lower quality of education.G) There are also so-called “blizzard bags”, with assignments that children take home ahead of an expected snow closure. But Mr. Roth says it is not sufficient as a replacement. “I think we still need the class time to give our kids the education that they deserve,” he said. “You can’t get that with a blizzard bag or doing the work from home like that. It’s not going to be as effective.”H) There is a long-running debate on whether missing days of school affects attainment. In England, there has been a focus on tackling absenteeism (旷课) from school. The Department for Education (DFE) published research in 2016 arguing that missing any days at school could have a negative impact on results. Even a few days lost in a year could be enough to miss out on getting a good exam grade, the DFE’s research concluded. This differed from the findings of a study from Harvard University in the US, which concluded that missing a few occasional days because of the weather did not damage learning.I) The Harvard study examined seven years of school results data and could not find any impact from snow closures. What caused more disruption was when schools tried to stay open in bad weather, even though many staff and pupils were absent. But weather can make a difference to school results, according to another piece of Harvard research published last summer. It’s hot weather that has the negative impact. The results of 10 million school students were examined over 13 years and researchers found a “significant” link between years with extremely hot weather and lower results.J) It’s obvious that students should go to school every day to get the most out of education. In cases of extreme weather students don’t always have that option. However, research shows that authorised absences from school such as during extreme weather are less problematic for students than absences that are not authorised. This is because unauthorised absences tend to reflect patterns and behaviours of student disengagement, or the possible negative attitudes of parents towards education that students adopt and carry with them through schooling. The level of impact on students’ educational performance is all to do with the length of time that a student is absent from school and how regularly this occurs.36. There is opposition to the practice of giving children assignments to take home before extreme weather forces a school closure.37. New policies adopted by many US schools require students to do online learning at home in case of a school closure.38. According to some research, extreme hot weather negatively affectsstudents’ performance.39. There is a time-honoured tradition in the US for school kids to stay at home on “snow days”.40. Debates on social media show some parents are opposed to ending the “snow day” tradition.41. In more northern regions of the US, school is less likely to be affected by snowy weather.42. Research indicates absences from school with permission do not cause as many problems as those without permission.43. There is objection to e-learning days owing to fear that students with no access to the Internet at home will suffer.44. In a pilot programme, students are given electronic devices to do assignments when schools are closed.45. A long-standing debate is going on over the impact of school absences on students’ academic performance.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.It may sound surprising, but you don’t have to be interested in fashion, or even in history, to enjoy Dress Codes: How the Laws of Fashion Made History. I happen to be interested in both, and ended up enjoying the book for completely different reasons.Richard Thompson Ford is a law professor, and you probably won’t forget that for even one page. His carefully reasoned arguments, packed with examples, sound almost like reading a court opinion, only maybe wordier. You will probably never think of fashion as a trifle again.Ford’s thesis is that the best way to understand what particular fashions meant in any given era is to look at the restrictions placed on them. Through this lens, he shows us that the first laws passed in the 1200s to ensure that only the nobility were allowed to wear certain fabrics, colors and ornaments reflected the rise of the middle class, who were now able to imitate some of these fashions. The status of the upper classes was threatened; fashion was a tool to preserve it.Ford takes the reader through the evolution of fashion while examining the underlying motivations of status, sex, power, and personality, which, he assumes, influenced all innovations in fashion in the past and which continue to influence us today. His writing is more than a little dense—dense with research, clauses, and precise adjectives and nouns. But there’s also humor and enough interesting episodes to make the writing appealing. No one is spared his sharp analysis: not the easy targets of 19th century women’s crippling (伤害身体的）fashions nor the modern uniforms of Silicon Valley T-shirts.But the greatest strength of this book (on fashion!) is its intellectual profoundness. Ford asks us to question unconscious beliefs, to realize that we almost never do so, to understand that the simplest choices are charged with meaning, and yet that meaning can and does change all the time. Consider the fact that a 1918 catalog insisted that boys and girls be dressed in the appropriate color. We believe our thinking today is evolved; Ford shows us it’s not.46. What does the author think of the book Dress Codes: How the Laws of Fashion Made History?A) It is read by people for entirely different reasons.B) It is meant for those interested in fashion history.C) It makes enjoyable as well as informative reading.D) It converts fashion into something for deliberation.47. How can people best understand a particular fashion in an era, according to Ford?A) By examining the restraints imposed on it.B) By looking at what the nobility were wearing.C) By glancing at its fabrics, colors and ornaments.D) By doing a survey of the upper and middle classes.48. What was the aim of the first laws passed regarding fashion in the 1200s?A) To facilitate the rise of the middle class.B) To loosen restrictions on dress codes.C) To help initiate some novel fashions.D) To preserve the status of the nobles.49. What does the author think of Ford’s writing?A) It uses comparison and contrast in describing fashions of different eras.B) It makes heavy reading but is not lacking in humor or appeal.C) It is filled with interesting episodes to spare readers intolerable boredom.D) It is characteristic of academics in presenting arguments.50. What does the author say is the greatest strength of Ford’s book?A) Plentiful information.B) Meaningful choices.C) Evolved thinking.D) Intellectual depth.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The art of persuasion means convincing others to agree with your point of view or to follow your course of action. For some of us, persuasion is an instinctive quality and the power of influencing comes naturally. For the rest of us, persuasion skills can be learned and developed over time.Employers place a great value on employees with persuasion skills because they can impact several aspects of job performance. Besides, teamwork and leadership rely heavily on the power of persuasion to get things done. Without persuasion skills, employees may not be as committed to or convinced of the importance of an organization’s vision and long-term mission. Effective use of persuasion skills will not only help get your coworkers excited about your ideas, it’ll also help you motivate them to achieve a common goal.In order to learn the art of persuasion at the workplace, you need to understand how to handle conflicts and reach agreements. Good communication is the first step in effective persuasion, but logic and reasoning are just as important. Before you can get somebody onboard with your goal, you should help them understand why they should pursue it. Using visual aids to back up your ideas can help communicate your ideas better and make compelling arguments so your listeners will come to a logical choice and become fully committed to your ideas and plans.Successful persuasion skills are based on your ability to have positive interactions and maintain meaningful relationships with people. In order to sustain those relationships, you must be able to work in their best interests as well. Your coworkers are more likely to agree with you when they succeed alongside you. The more they achieve and the greater progress they make, the more they trust your judgement and strength.We persuade and get persuaded every day—we’re either convincing or being convinced. A vast majority of people prefer collaboration and teamwork over traditional organizational structures; no one likes to be told what to do or to be pushed around. Therefore, organizations and leaders should adopt powerful persuasion skills to bring about necessary changes.51. What does the author say about the ability to be persuasive in the first paragraph?A) People may either be born with it or be able to cultivate it.B) It proves crucial in making others follow one’s course of action.C) It refers to the natural and instinctive power of influencing one’s coworkers.D) People may view it as both a means to convince others and an art of communication.52. Why are persuasion skills greatly valued in the workplace?A) They enable employees to be convinced of their long-term gains.B) They enable employees to trust their leaders unconditionally.C) They help motivate coworkers to strive for a common goal.D) They help an organization to broaden its vision effectively.53. What should people do to learn the art of persuasion at the workplace?A) Acquire effective communication skills.B) Avoid getting involved in conflicts with others.C) Understand the reason for pursuing their goals.D) Commit themselves fully to their ideas and plans.54. When are you more likely to succeed in persuading your coworkers?A) When they are convinced you work in their interests while sacrificing your own.B) When they become aware of the potential strength of the judgements you make.C) When they become aware of the meaningful relationships you keep with them.D) When they are convinced they will make achievements together with you.55. Why are organizations and leaders advised to adopt powerful persuasion skills to bring about necessary changes?A) To convince employees of the value of collaboration.B) To allow for the preferences of most people of today.C) To improve on traditional organizational structures.D) To adapt to employees’ ever-changing working styles.Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.汉语中的“福”字（the character fu）表示幸福和好运，是中国传统文化中最常用的吉祥（auspicious）符号之一。

2023年6月英语四级真题第3套Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:Suppose the student union of your university is organizing an online discussion on college students doing community service. You are to write an essay on its benefits and the service you can provide to the community. You will have 30 minutes for the task. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)温馨提示：2023年6月四级考试全国共考了2套听力，本套真题听力与前2套内容相同，只是顺序不同，故听力部分不再重复列出Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirection s: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Whether you're just having a down day or a down period, taking a walk can instantly lift your mood, especially when you go outdoors. Not only can walking make you less depressed, but according to a new study, depression sufferers who took a ___26___ walk showed just as much improvement in their ___27___ as people taking medicine. In fact, 60-70 percent of the participants in the study could no longer even be ___28___ as depressed.Bone density may not be one of the most exciting health benefits of walking, but it's an important one. People with stronger bones avoid osteoporosis (骨质疏松症) and all the problems that ___29___ with it, like breaks and other disabilities. And the best way to get strong, healthy bones is by doing weight-bearing exercises like running, dancing and walking, according to a large study. But as regards bones, it's ___30___ use it or lose it: To keep your bones strong you have to keep exercising. The researchers found that adults who walked regularly had better bone density throughout their lives than their ___31___ friends.Taking a walk can be great for ___32___ your head or blowing off some steam. It also provides a great opportunity to ___33___ with friends and family, far away from electronics and other ___34___ at home. Even better, you set a powerful example because when they see you ___35___ the benefits of walking, they'll be encouraged to walk more, too.A) accompany I) distractionsB) approved J) exclusivelyC) bond K) inactiveD) classified L) occurrencesE) clearing M) reapingF) come N) symptomsG) daily O) typicalH) definitelySection BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by making the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.A Club Where Lions Dance and Traditions Take RootA) The first thing you notice in the staircase to the fourth-floor studio on Canal Street in Manhattan, NewYork, is the measured thumping (嘭嘭声) coming from behind a metal door. Just beyond the entrance, large lion masks were twisting and turning to the drum-beat. On a recent Friday evening, the teenagers made their way across the studio floor as they practiced Chinese lion dancing.B) "You want to play in a circle," Victor Fong, aged 24, told his students at the New York ChineseFreemasons Athletic Club. "Take it slow and do it again." The dance group, made up of 60 members, performs throughout the year but was now preparing for its biggest events, Chinese Lunar New Year celebrations, which will begin on Saturday and conclude on February 15. Teenagers comprise about half of the group, many of whom began lion dancing at the age of 14. About 100 current and past members of the dance group—which has been performing since 1956—will be among the 220 groups marching through Chinatown in Manhattan for the 18th Lunar New Year Parade on February 5.C) Mr. Fong has been involved in the organization since he was 15 and began teaching lion dancing threeyears ago. But the club also acts as a recreation center and safe haven (庇护所) for teenagers, with video games readily available. As many as 20 students show up after school. "The basic requirement for hanging out here is you have to learn how to lion dance," Mr. Fong said. While that is not a formal requirement for being a member, everyone finds a way to participate in the Lunar New Year Parade, whether it's by dancing, carrying a flag or beating a drum.D) Alvin Chau, aged 26, is an environmental consultant by day and a lion dancer on weekends. He has beena club member for 10 years and joined because of an interest in lion dance. "We're a big family," he said,shaking hands with other members as they walked through the door. "You know everyone."E) It is believed that the lion dance began in the third century. Stories vary about how lion dancing came tobe, but most of them include a monster named Nian who would terrorize a village. The villagers finally banded together and scared the beast away with firecrackers (爆竹) and drums. While lions are not native to China, some versions of the story include the villagers creating a monster of their own in the shape ofa lion to fight off the beast.F) Today, the dancers travel across Chinatown going from business to business to bring good luck for thecoming year. The new year-according to the Chinese lunar calendar-will begin on Saturday and marks the Year of the Rooster (鸡年), which is thought to be a symbol of positivity. "It's almost like the dark night is ending and the sun is coming up," said Ya Yung Teng, the digital collections coordinator for the Museum of Chinese in America. "It's hopeful that we're going to have a new day." Roosters and chickens are not particularly strong creatures, Ms. Teng said, but they are numerous. "In a way,” she said, the rooster "stands for "We the People.””G) The lion head and tail are operated by two people. As one person controls the head, a second followsunder a train of fabric representing the body. The dancers move in harmony as they imitate the animal's natural movements in the wild, including the aggressiveness of an attack. A lion head figure weighs under 10 pounds and sits squarely on the dancer's shoulders. Inside, the dancer manipulates strings that open and close the lion's eyes, shake its ears and open its mouth to reveal a fire-orange tongue.H) "A good lion dancer will imitate a living creature," said Karlin Chan, aged 59, who heads the athleticclub's community public relations. "I started lion dancing when I was a kid," he said. "Chinatown was much smaller then and it was a celebration with fireworks and firecrackers, which added a lot of flavor and meaning to it."I) Mr. Chan buys a new lion head each year when he travels to China. A head costs about $ 1,500. "If youwant the good stuff, the quality, you have to see it for yourself," he said. "I'll inspect the product before we put it in the container and ship it over." Mr. Chan, who has been involved with the club for nearly 50 years, said that passing the dance from one generation to the next was vital. "You need to pass on the traditions and the culture, and this is a part of our culture," he said. "It's a great way to promote cultural understanding and exchange; we welcome that.”J) For Sara Pore, aged 17, another club member, lion dance is more than just tradition, it provides a creative outlet. "Lion dancing started 2,000 years ago—that's incredible," she said. "But what makes you a competent lion dancer is that there's a sense of imagination involved. Lion dancing teaches competence in leadership because of this. You're constantly forced to push yourself past your limit."K) Back at rehearsal (排练), Justin Le, aged 18, tied a red ribbon around his waist to practice jumping. The dancers use the ribbons to pull themselves up over their partners' heads. The room's ceilings are too low to wear the lion heads for jumping practice, so once up on his partner's head, Mr. Le held out his arms as if in offering.L) Mr. Le comes by the dance as a legacy (传承). "I was born into it, " Mr. Le said, noting that his uncle and father were club members. "Growing up, I would always watch my family and see the lion dance, and I slowly grew interested in it." By the age of 14, he was fully enrolled in the athletic club's lion dance group. "I value my culture and tradition, being Chinese or Asian-American. I have a lot of pride in that,"he said. "I want to contribute and give back to the community."36. The lion dancers perform from door to door to bring New Year wishes to business people.37. The New York dance club also serves as a place for entertainment where youngsters can enjoythemselves safely.38. Lion dancers need to have a little imagination to perform well.39. There are a number of different versions about the origin of the lion dance.40. Some 50% of the members of a New York lion dance club are teenagers.41. One club member says he feels proud of his cultural tradition.42. Two dancers coordinate their movements, one manipulating the lion's head and the other its body.43. One lion dancer compares their New York dance club to a family.44. Lion dance should be handed down to future generations as part of Chinese culture.45. One lion dancer learned how to perform from his elders.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Team-building exercises have become popular for managers trying to increase organisational and team harmony and productivity. Unfortunately many employees resent compulsory bonding and often regard these exercises as a nuisance.A paper published this week by University of Sydney researchers in Social Networks has reported participants' feelings about team-building interventions (干预), revealing ethical implications in forcing employees to take part."Many people see team-building activities as a waste of time, so we decided to look in more depth at what's behind this," said the paper's lead researcher, Dr Peter Matous."Teams are formed, combined and restructured. Staff are relocated and office spaces redesigned. All this is done with the aim of improving workplace efficiency, collaboration and cohesion. But does any of this work?" said Dr Matous.The study found that team-building exercises which focused on the sharing of and intervening into personal attitudes and relationships between team members were considered too heavy-handed and intrusive, although the researchers say some degree of openness and vulnerability is often necessary to make deep, effective connections with colleagues."Some participants were against team-building exercises because they were implicitly compulsory. They didn't welcome management's interest in their lives beyond their direct work performance," said Matous. "Many people don't want to be forced into having fun or making friends, especially not on top of their busy jobs. They feel management is being too nosy or trying to control their lives too much. "In this study the researchers recommended a self-disclosure （表露) approach where participants were guided through a series of questions that allowed them to increasingly disclose personal information and values. The method is well-tested and has been shown to increase interpersonal closeness. However, to be successful it must be voluntary.The researchers said there are numerous schools of thought that propose differing psychological methods for strengthening relationships. "With caution, many relational methods to improve teams and organisations can be borrowed from other fields. The question is how to apply them effectively to strengthen an entire collective, which is more than just the sum of individual relationships," said Dr Matous.46. Why are many employees opposed to team-building exercises?A) They consider such exercises annoying.B) They deem these exercises counter-productive.C) They see such exercises as harmful to harmony.。

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2023年3月大学英语四级考试真题（第三套）答案详解Part I Writing 审题【题目】Suppose you have taken part in a career planning seminar:Write an account of the seminar and summarize what you have learned from it.You will have 30minutes for this task and should write at least 120words but no more than 180words.【分析】这是一篇应用文。

题目要求考生就职业规划研讨会写一篇报告，并总结从中学到了什么。

报告的内容可以包括研讨会的举办时间、地点、主讲人、目的等。

该研讨会与职业规划有关，收获或感受考生可自由发挥。

应用文第1段：描述活动介绍职业规划研讨会的基本信息第2段：分享收获①发现自己的优缺点②找到自己的兴趣所在第3段：总结观点做好未来的职业规划能帮助我们更好地为求职做准备【描述活动】①______organized by ______was successfully held at/in______,with the purpose of ______.由______组织的______在______（地点）成功举办，其目的是______。

②On ______,______gave us a full account of ______.在______（具体的某一天），______给我们详尽地描述了______。

③The aim of ______is to ______,from which we have learned a lot.______的目的是______，从中我们收获颇丰。

【分享收获】①First of all,it is of great necessity for all college students to ______.首先，大学生很有必要______。