2020山东中考英语重点词汇专项训练

2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解A字部1. ableadj. 能够……的；有能力的；能干的关联词组：be able to do sth.能做某事用法：be able to与can的区别：can只有现在式(can)和过去式(could)两种形式，而be able to可有各种时态。

词性转换：ability n.能力反义词：unable adj.不会的，无能的（2019，北京卷，阅读A）It was a lifetime experience. I was able to experience Chinese living and culture.2. abroadadv.在国外；到国外关联词组：study abroad海外留学；work abroad在（到）国外工作同义词：overseas adv.在国外，在海外 adj.海外的，国外的（2019，山东卷，阅读表达）A lot of people, usually aged between 20 and 30, are leaving the country to work abroad.3. absentadj. 缺席的，不在的关联词组：be absent from…缺席……；be absent-minded心不在焉词性转换：absence n.缺席，不在（2019，河南卷，单项选择）26.—What’s the matter with Tom? He has been absent for two days.—Oh! He be ill. Let’s go and ask Ms. Brown.A. canB. needC. mayD. would4. accentn. 口音，音调关联词组：British accent英式口音；American accent美式口音；local accent乡音，方言（2019，浙江卷，完形）It s cool! My sister loves the British accent. (口音). 5. acceptv. 接受；认可accept和receive的区别：receive: 收到（表客观）；accept：接受（表主观）词性转换：acceptable adj.可接受的；acceptance n.接受，认可（2019，北京卷，单项填空）11.My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday.A. acceptsB. acceptedC. was acceptedD. is accepted6. accidentn. （交通）事故；意外关联词组：traffic accident交通事故；by accident=by chance偶然词性转换：accidental adj.意外的，偶然的；accidentally adv.意外地（2019，浙江卷，阅读B）To avoid accidents, some trampolines have 8 safety net around them.7. achievevt. 取得；获得；实现；成功vi. 达到预期的目的，实现预期的结果关联词组：achieve success取得成功词性转换：achievement n.成就（2019，山东卷，词汇运用）49. People who learn ________ (明智地) and well will achieve their dreams more easily.8. actvt. 行动；表演关联词组：act as担当，充当词性转换：action n.动作，行动；active adj.积极的，主动的；actively adv.积极地；activity n.活动（2019，江苏卷，阅读A）22. On which day are there two different activities?A. Monday.B. Tuesday.C. Wednesday.D. Thursday.（2019，山东卷，词性转换）68. There are about 6,000' languages that are spoken around the world, but 43% of them are dying out. If no _________is taken, some of these languages will disappear. (act)9. addvi. 加；增加；加起来；做加法vt. 增加，添加；补充说；计算…总和关联词组：add… to…把……加到……上熟词生义：接着说，补充说。

教学资料范本【2020最新】山东中考英语二轮专题复习材-语法专题一名词编辑：__________________时间：__________________第一部分：词法 中考专题一 名词中考中名词考点主要集中在：名词的可数与不可数；名词所有格；名词作定语；名词词语意义辨析等。

一、 名词的分类名 词 类 别 意 义例 词专有名词表示具体的人名、事物、国家、地名、机构、团体等的专有名称Jim , China, Qingdao, the UK,the Great Wall普通名词可 数 名 词 个体名词 表示单个人的人或事物 girl, student, factory, desk,cat , country集合 名词 表示一群人或一些事物的总称people, police, team, clothes,group, crew不 可 数 名 词物质名词 表示无法分为个体的物质 water, ice, pork, cheese,cotton, broccoli 抽象名词表示抽象概念的词fun,healthy, happiness, courage, love, care注：1.专有名词是指人、地方、团体、机构等特有的名称。

第一个字母必须大写。

专有名词前一般不加冠词。

2、有普通名词构成的专有名词前要用定冠词“the”，但它不大写。

3、有些不可数名词有时表示为具体的东西时，则变为可数名词，而且意义上也有了变化。

eg. beer ----a beer 一杯啤酒， work--- a work 工厂，著作 ，glass---a glass 一个玻璃杯， room 空间---a room 一个房间4. German — Germans, human — humans(man 在词中不是后缀)二、 名词的数：表示可以计算数目的人或物称为可数名词。

1、可数名词有单、复数两种形式：可数名词的单数形式要在名词前加 “a 或an”；复数形式是在名词后加 “-s 或-es”。

2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解专题十N、O字部1. nationaladj.国家的，全国性的，民族的；国内的，本国的；国有的，国立的关联词组：National Day国庆节；national standard国家标准；national culture民族文化；national team国家队○1national表示“国家的，全国性的”，与local（当地的，地方性的）相对。

例如：Between 1929 and 1933 America’s national income fell by more than half. 1929至1933年间，美国的国民收入下降过半。

○2national表示“国内的，本国的”，与international相对。

例如：national and international news国内和国际新闻○3national表示“国有的，国立的”：a national museum国家博物馆词性转换：nation n.国家；民族；nationally adv.全国性；nationality n.国籍关联单词：international adj.国际的（2019，江西卷，阅读B）I come from Kitengela, a farming community on the edge (边缘) of Nairobi National Park of Kenya (肯尼亚).2. naturaladj.自然的，天然的关联词组：natural gas天然气；natural environment自然环境；natural resource自然资源；natural world自然界；natural science自然科学用法：○1natural表示“自然的，天然的”，与man-made（人造的）相对，例如：the need for natural light in offices 办公室里需要自然光的照射○2natural表示“天生的，本能的，与生俱来的”，形容行为或能力：Babies have a natural fear of falling.婴儿本能地害怕跌倒。

2020年中考英语重难点单词背诵大全(名师精选中考真题常考重难点单词，建议下载背诵)act v.行动，表演achieve vt. 完成；达到vi. 达到目的accept vt./ vt. 接受；承认；容纳同意；admire vi./vt. 钦佩；赞美affect vt.影响,感动afford vt. 给予，提供；买得起agreement n.协定,协议,同意aim n.目标，目的allow vt.允许,准许amazing a.令人吃惊的ambulance n.救护车,野战医院amount n.总数,数量,总和appear vi. 出现；似乎；显得；appearance n. 外貌，外观；出现，露面application n.请求,申请,施用against prep. 反对，违反；靠；倚；防备adj. 对立的；不利的article n.文章,条款,物品ashamed adj. 羞愧的at least 至少，最低限度athletic a.运动的；竞技的average n.平均数a.平均的avoid vt. 避免；避开，躲避；消除battle n.战役,斗争vi.作战backward(s) adj. 向后的；反向的；adv. 相反地；向后地forward(s) adj. adv. 向前的basic adj. 基本的；基础的n. 基础；要素beat vt. 打；打败vi. 打；打败；拍打benefit n. 利益，好处vt. 有益于，对…有益vi. 受益blame vt.责备,把…归咎于blind a.瞎的,盲目的bomb v.轰炸n. 炸弹bother v.打扰breathe v.呼吸bully n. / v.欺负cage n.笼,鸟笼,囚笼cancel v.取消cancer n.癌,癌症cause n.原因,理由casual(ly) adj. 偶然的；随便的；非正式的celebration n.庆祝，祝贺certain adj. 确信的；有把握的pron. 某些；某几个chain n.链,链条,项圈challenge n.挑战cheer v.欢呼close adj.亲密的comfortable a.舒适的,安慰的command vt.命令,指挥,控制common a.普通的,共同的community n.社区•communicate vi. /vt. 通讯，传达；交流communication ?compare vt.比较,对照complain v.抱怨，投诉complaint n.抱怨,控告complete v. 完成adj.完整的confuse vt. 使混乱；使困惑confused ?confident adj. 自信的；确信的unconfident ?confidence?connect vt.连接,联系contain vt. / vi.包含；容纳；控制; 含有contact n.v. 接触，联系continue vt.继续control vt.控制,克制n.控制consider vt. 认为；考虑；细想；把…当作concentrate vi./ vt. 集中；浓缩；全神贯注n. 浓缩液；浓缩，精选countless a.无数的courage n.勇气,胆量course n. 课程curious adj. 好奇的，有求知欲的crash vi.碰撞,坠落n.碰撞crossing n. 十字路口dare vt.aux.v.敢,竟敢damage vi. / vt. 损害；损毁n. 损害；损毁deaf a.聋的degree n.程度,度,学位design vt. vi. /n.设计；计划；构思设计destroy vt. 毁坏；破坏；消灭deserve vi./ vt. 应受，应得describe vt. 描述，形容；描绘description ?desire n. 欲望；要求vt. 要求；想要; 渴望develop v开发；使成长；进步, 发育；进化diet n.饮食,食物direction n.方向,指导directly ad.直接地,立即disabled adj. 残废的，有缺陷的disappoint v.使……失望disappear v 消失；失踪；不复存在disappearance n. 消失；不见discover vt.发现,暴露,显示discuss vt.讨论disorder n.混乱,骚乱distance n.距离,远处double a.两倍的,双的donate vi./ n. 捐赠；捐献drive vi. 开车；猛击vt.驱赶；推动，educate vt. / vi. 教育；培养；训练effect n.效果,效力emotionally ad. 在情绪上encourage vt.鼓励,支持,助长energy n.活力,精力,能量erase vt. 抹去；擦除vi. 被擦去，被抹掉exactly adv.确切地exit n.出口,退场vi.退出expect vt.预料,预期,等待experience v. 经历n.经历；经验experienced adj.经验丰富的experiment n.实验,试验expert n. 专家explain v. 解释,说明,辩解explanation n.解释,说明,辩解exploration n.探索explorer n.探测者express vt. 表达；快递adj.迅速的n. 快车，快递；捷运公司expression n.词句,表达,表情extremely ad.极其，非常escape vt. /vi./ n. 逃避，避免；溜走fake n.假货,膺品a.假的fail vt./ vi. 失败，不及格；衰退；fear n. / vt.害怕；担心；恐惧；敬畏fireworks n.[pl.]爆竹, 烟花follow vt.跟随,结果是forwardsformal adj. 正式的；拘谨的；有条理的informal ?free v.释放freedom n.自由fridge n.电冰箱friendship n.友谊,友好fix vt. 安装；修理；安排定；准备frighten vt. 使惊吓；吓唬… vi. 害怕，惊恐frightened adj. 害怕的；受惊的；受恐吓的frightening ?gather vt. 收集；使…聚集vi. 聚集get-together n.(使)聚集；(使)集合generous adj. 慷慨的，大方的；宽宏大量的government n.政府gradually ad.逐渐地，逐步地greet vt. 欢迎，迎接；致敬，致意harm n. /vt. 伤害；损害harmful adj. 有伤害的hand v.递给handy adj. 手边的，便利的；容易取得的handout n.分发head n. 首领, 头目headphone n. 耳机height n高度high-fat adj.高脂肪的hide vi. vt. n.隐藏；隐瞒；鞭打highway n.高速公路hit vt. vi.袭击；碰撞；打击；偶然碰上n. 打击；打；（演出等）成功；讽刺hold vt./vi. 持续；保存；拥有；容纳；举行honesty n.诚实honor v.纪念n. 荣耀；荣誉human-powered adj. 人力的improve vi.改善,提高imagine vt./vi. 想像；猜想；臆断include vt.包括,包含increase n. 增加，增长；提高vi. vt. 繁殖；增加，增大inexpensive a.廉价的infer vt. 推断；推论vi. 推断；作出推论influence n. 影响；感化；vt. 影响；改变injury n.损害,伤害,受伤处instruction n.命令,教学,教训insist vt./vi. 坚持，强调intellectual n.知识分子a.智力的international a.国际的interview n.接见,会见,面谈introduce vt. 介绍；引进；提出；采用invite v. = attract吸引item n. 提干，条款journey n.旅行,旅程judge v.判断last n. 末尾，最后；上个adj. 最后的v 持续；维持vt. 度过，拖过；使维持laptop n. 手提式个人电脑latest a. 最近的leading adj.最主要的，第一的light v.点燃limit n. 限度；限制；界线vt. 限制；限定location n.位置,场所lower v.低下make v. 获得；布置，安排；做成major a.主要的,多数的n.专业magic n. 巫术；魔法adj.有魔力的；manage vt.管理,控制manager n.经理marry vt.娶,嫁vi.结婚measure vt.量,测量n.测量;措施meet vt. 遇见；满足vi. 相遇；接触n. 集会adj. 适宜的；合适的mental adj. 精神的；脑力的n. 精神病患者mention vt. 提到，谈到；n. 提及，说起middle-aged adj.中年的nod n. 点头；打盹vt. 点头；点头表示mop v.拖（地板）murder n.谋杀vt.谋杀native a.本国的n.本地人naturally ad.自然地；天然地nervous a.紧张的,易激动的nervousness n.神经过敏; 紧张nut n. 坚果nutritious a.有营养的notice n. 通知，布告；注意；公告vt. 注意到；通知；留心obstacle n.障碍•offer vt. 提供；试图；出价n. 提议；operation n.操作;经营;手术organize v. 组织overdo v.把…做得过度overdone adj. 煮得太久的；做得过分的patient a.耐心的n.病人peacefully ad. 和平地，和谐地perfect vt.改善a.完美的perform vt.执行;演出phone n.电话vt.打电话photography n.摄影，照相physical(ly) ad. 体格上，身体上picture v.描绘please vt. 使高兴，使满意；使喜欢vi. 令人高兴；讨人喜欢pleased adj. 高兴的；喜欢的pleasing adj. 令人愉快的；讨人喜欢的poison n.毒药vt.毒害；投毒pollute vt.污染powder n.粉末;火药power n.力量powerful a.强有力的practice v.练习，实践prefer v.更喜欢prevent v 预防，阻止president n.总统,校长press vt./ vi.压；按；逼迫n. 按；压pressure v.向…施加压力n.压力.pretend vt. / vi. 假装；伪称adj. 假装的predict vt. 预报，预言；预知vi. 作出预言private a.私人的,秘密的produce vt.生产；产生producer n.生产者production n.产品；产量progress n.进展,进步prompt n. 提示proper adj. 适当的improper ?protect vt.保护,保卫promise n. / vt. 许诺，允诺prove vt.证明vi.结果是punish v. 惩罚purpose n.目的,意图push vt./vi. 推动；推行；逼迫radio v.用无线电发射rainforest n. 雨林raise vt. 提高；筹集；养育；升起vi. 上升n. 上升；高地；加薪rate n.比率;速度;价格vt.评价，估价(un)reasonable adj. 合理的；通情达理的reach vi. / vt. 达到；延伸；传开；伸出手receive vt. 收到；接待；接纳vi. 接收reaction n. 反应，感应；反作用reference n. 证明人reduce vt. / vi. 减少；降低refuse v.拒绝reuse n. 重新使用，再用vt. 再使用regular(ly) a.规则的,常规的relatively ad.比较…地，相对地relaxation n.松驰；松懈relaxed a.放松的review n. 评论；回顾；复习v 回顾；复审；检查; 写评论; 复习remove vt.移动；搬迁recognize vt. 承认；认出，识别vi.承认remain vi. 保持；依然；留下n. 遗迹rescue vt. n. 援救；营救；解救requirement n.需要,要求respect n./ vt. 尊敬，尊重；方面；敬意respond v.回应，反应result n.成果;结果vi.结果, 导致reward n.报答；报酬vt.报答；酬金renew vt. 使更新；续借vi. 更新；重新开始remove vt. / vi. n.移动；开除；调动; 搬家rush v. 冲, 奔, 闯run vi. /vt. /n. vi. 奔跑；运转；经营;(水) 流ruin n. 毁坏；灭亡；废墟vt. 毁灭vi. 被毁灭；堕落rise vi. 上升；增强；起立；高耸n. 上升；高地；增加；出现raise vt. 提高；筹集；养育；升起vi. 上升n. 上升；高地；加薪safety n.安全,保险satellite n.卫星satisfy vt.满足,使满意(un)satisfied adj. 感到满意的scare v. 恐吓，使……害怕= fear, frightenscientific a.科学的screen n. 触屏seed n.种(子),籽search vi. / vi./ n. 搜寻；调查；探求research ?select vt. 挑选；选拔adj. 精选的；极好的n. 被挑选者；精萃seldom adv. 很少，不常self-centered a. 自我中心的利己主义的self-pitying adj.separate V.分离，分开separation n.分离，分开serve vt./vi. 招待，供应；为…服务shake vt. 摇动；发抖; 震动n. 摇动；哆嗦shape n.形状vt.形成share vt.分享,共享n.份额,股份sickness n.疾病；恶心，呕吐感signal n.信号similar a.相似的,类似的skim v略读；从…表面飞掠过special a.特殊的,专门的start-up n. 启动，（刚刚起步的）小公司stay vi. /vt. n. 停留；暂住；停下；坚持strategy n. 策略stressful a.有压力的structure n.结构；建筑物vt.建造suffer v.遭受…..痛苦suggest vt.建议;暗示,启发support vt. 支持，支援n. 支持者supply n. 供给，补给；供应品vi./ vt. 供给，提供；补充solve vt. 解决；解答vi. 作解答solution?system n.系统；制度spread vt. 传播，散布；伸展；铺开n. 传播；伸展adj. 伸展的talent n.天才,才能technology n.工艺,技术teenager n.青少年telegram n.电报temperature n.温度;体温tent n.帐篷theory n.理论,学说thumb n.大拇指traditional a.传统的treat vt.对待,处理n.款待trust n./ vt. 信任，信赖underground a.地下的;秘密的underlined adj. 划线於下的unexpected a.意外的universal a.宇宙的;普遍的unlit adj. 未点燃的unusual a.不平常的,独特的value n.价值,价格vt.评价vehicle n.车辆victory n.胜利,战胜volunteer n. 志愿者adj. 志愿的vi. 自愿worth adj. 值…的n. 价值；财产wonder n. 惊奇；奇迹v 惊讶；想知道中考阅读及完型高频词汇总结act achieve accept admire affect afford agreement aim allow amazing ambulance amount appear appearance application against article ashamed at least athletic average avoid battle backwards forwards basicbeat benefitblameblindbombbotherbreathebullycagecancelcancercausecasuallycelebrationcertainchainchallengecheerclosecomfortablecommandcommoncommunity •communicatecommunicationcomparecomplaincomplaintcompleteconfuseconfused confident unconfident confidence connect contain contact continue control consider concentrate countless courage course curious crash crossing dare damage deaf degree design destroy deserve describe description desire develop diet direction directly disabled disappoint disappear disappearance discover discuss disorder distance double donatedrive educate effect emotionally encourage energyerase exactlyexit expect experience experienced experiment expert explainexplanation exploration explorer express expression extremely escapefakefailfear fireworks follow forwards formal informal free freedom fridge friendship fix frighten frightened frightening gatherget-together generous government gradually greetharmharmfulhand handy handout head headphone heighthigh-fathidehighwayhitholdhonesty honor human-powered improveimagine include increase inexpensive infer influence injury instruction insist intellectualinternational interview introduce inviteitem journey judgelastlaptop latest leading lightlimit location lowermakemajor magic manage manager marry measure meet mental mention middle-aged nodmopmurdernativenaturallynervousnervousnessnutnutritiousnoticeobstacle •offeroperationorganizeoverdooverdonepatientpeacefullyperfectperformphonephotographyphysical(ly)picturepleasepleasedpleasingpoisonpollutepowderpower powerful practice prefer prevent president press pressure pretend predict private produce producer production progress prompt proper improper protect promise prove punish purpose push radio rainforest raiserate (un)reasonable reach receive reference reduce refuse reuseregular(ly) relatively relaxation relaxed review remove recognize remain rescue requirement respect respond result reward renew removerushrunruinriseraisesafety satellite satisfy (un)satisfied scare= fear, frighten scientific screenseed search research select seldomself-centered self-pitying separate separation serveshakeshapeshare sickness signal similarskimspecialstart-upstay strategy stressful structure suffer suggest support supply solve solution system spread talent technology teenager telegram temperature tent theory thumb traditional treattrust underground underlined unexpected universal unlit unusualvaluevehiclevictoryvolunteerworthwonder高频词组a bit (of) 有一点，一会儿a few 一些，少量a great deal 大量，许多a good/great many 大量，许多a kind of 一种，一类a little 一点，少许a lot of 许多，大量a number of 一些，许多a pair of 一双，一副a piece of 一块，一张，一根，一片above all 首先，首要according to 根据，按照add up to 合计达……after all 毕竟，终究after class 课后again and again 反复地，再三地agree to do sth. 同意做某事agree with sb. 同意某人的看法ahead of 在……之前all in all 总的来说，总计all kinds of 各种各样的all over 到处，遍及，结束all right 行了，好吧，（病）好了all the best 一切顺利，万事如意answer for 对……负责apart from 除去，除了arrive at (in) a place 到达某地as a matter of fact 事实上，其实as a result （作为）结果as...as 像，如同as soon as 一……就……as far as （表示程度，范围）就……；尽……as if 好像，仿佛as long as 只要as though 好像，仿佛as usual 通常，平常地as well 也，还有as well as 除……之外（也）belong to 属于be proud of 骄傲，自豪be strict with 对……严格要求both...and 两个都，既……又……break away from 脱离……break down 损坏; (把化合物等) 分解，（汽车）抛锚break in 闯入，强行进入，插嘴，打断break off 打断; 折断break out （战争、火灾等）突然发生，爆发break up 分解；分裂bring in 引来，引进，吸收bring on 引起，导致，使前进bring up 教育，培养build up 逐步建立by accident 偶然by air ( bus, train, ship ) 乘飞机（公共汽车，火车，轮船）by and by 不久以后，逐渐地by day 日间，在白天by the way 顺便说call for 提倡，号召, 需要call in 召来，召集call on 拜访，访问call up 号召，打电话care for 喜欢；照顾（病人）carry off 携走，夺走carry on 继续下去; 继续开展carry out 开展，执行catch up with 赶上（或超过）change into 转换成，把……变成check in 报到，登记check out 查明; 结账clear up 整理，收拾, (天气)放晴come about 发生，产生come across （偶然）遇见（或发现）come back 回来，想起来come down 落，下来come from 出生（于），来自come in 进入，进来come off 从……离开，脱落come on 来吧，赶快come out 出来，（书等）出版，发行come to 共计，达到come true 变为现实，成为事实come up 上来，上升，抬头come up with 追上，赶上；想出（主意）；找出（答案）compare to 与……相比compare with 与……相比congratulate...on 祝贺……connect to 连接，相连connect with 与……相连cut down 砍倒cut off 切断cut up 齐根割掉，切碎day and night 日日夜夜do one's best 尽最大的努力deal with 处理，对付depend on (upon) 依靠，相信，信赖die out 消失，灭亡different from 与……不同divide up 分配divide...into... 把……分成……do some cleaning (shopping) 做扫除（买东西）dozens of 几十drop in 顺便走访（某人）due to 由于，因为each other 相互earn one's living 谋生either...or 或者……或者……enjoy oneself 过得愉快even if 即使，尽管even though 即使，尽管ever since 自那时起直到现在face to face 面对面fall asleep 入睡fall ill 患病，病倒far away 遥远的far from 远离feel like doing 想要……, 感觉要……figure out 理解，想明白fill ... with 用……填充fill in 填充find out 查明，发现，了解first of all 首先for ever 永远for example 例如from now on 从今以后，今后from then on 从那时起from... to 从……到……from time to time 不时，偶尔get along with 与……相处get away 逃; 离get back 返回; 回来; 回家get close (to) 接近get down 降下get down to 开始认真（做某事）get in 进入, 收获，达到get off 脱下（衣服等）；下车get on 上车；过活get on with sb. 与……相处get through 通过，拨通（电话）get together 聚会，联欢get up 起床give away 分发give back 归还；送回give in 屈服，让步give out 分发give up 放弃go ahead 走在前面，领先；干吧，干下去go away 走开，离去go by 走过; 经过; 过去go fishing (shopping, skat- ing) （去）钓鱼（买东西，滑冰）go for 主张go for a walk 散步go in for 参加，喜欢go off 走开go on 继续go on doing... 继续干某事，不停地干某事go on with 继续go out 出去, 熄灭go over 仔细检查，复习go through 浏览; 翻阅，通过grow up 长大成人，成长had better (do) 最好（做）hand in 上交; 交纳hand out 分发have a cold 患感冒hang on （打电话时）不挂断，等待片刻hang up 挂断电话have a gift for 对……有天赋have a good time 玩得高兴，过得愉快have classes 上课have fun with 玩得高兴have got to 不得不；必须have to 不得不；必须hear of 听说，知道hear from 收到……的来信help oneself to 请随便吃点help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事help...out 帮助某人解决困难hold on 等一等（别挂电话）hold one's breath 不出气，屏住呼吸hold out 伸出；坚持，维持hold up 阻挡，使停顿hundreds of 几百，成百上千hurry up 赶快，快点in a hurry 匆忙，很快地in all 总之in a word 简言之，总之in common 共同，共有in debt 欠债in danger 处在危险状态in fact 事实上，实际上in front of 在……前面in need of 需要，缺少in order 按顺序in order that 为了in order to 为了in other words 换句话说in peace 安静，宁静in public 当众；公开in surprise 吃惊，惊讶in the end 最后，终于in time 及时，来得及instead of 代替，而不是join in 参加，加入join up 联合起来，联结起来just now 现在，刚才keep back 留下keep doing sth. 继续做某事keep off 勿踏; 勿踩keep on 继续（进行）keep one's word 守信keep up 保持; 维持; 继续knock at 敲knock into sb. 撞上laugh at 嘲笑lead to 导致，导向let in 让……进来，放进let out 放掉, 泄露live on 以……为主食，靠……为生look after 照顾look ahead 向前看，展望未来look down upon 看不起，轻视look for 寻找look forward to 盼望look into 向……里面看去; 调查look out 留神，当心look through 看穿, 浏览look up 查找lots of 许多，大量make a face 做鬼脸，做苦脸make friends with 与……交朋友make up 和解，化装make up of 由……组成，构成make up one's mind 下决心millions of 成百万上千万，数以百万计more or less 或多或少neither...nor 既不……也不……next to 紧接着，相邻，次于no doubt 无疑地no longer 不再not any more 不再not at all 一点也不，绝非not only ... but also 不仅……而且……not so...as 不像，不如not till/until 直到……才now and then 不时，偶尔now that 既然of course 当然on (the, an) average 平均，按平均数计算on duty 值日，值班on foot 走路，步行on show 展出，在上演（放映）on time 准时on/over the radio 通过收音机once again 再一次once more 再一次once upon a time 从前，很久以前one after another 一个接一个open up 开启；开创; 开辟or else 否则，要不然ought to 应该out of breath 上气不接下气out of order 运转不正常，出毛病out of work 失业over and over again 反复，多次重复pass by 经过pay attention to 注意pay back 偿还（借款等）pay for 付款pay off 偿清(欠款等)persuade sb. to do 说服pick out 选出pick up 拾起，捡起, 接收；开车去接……point out 指出point to 指向prevent ... from 妨碍, 防止, 预防put away 储存put down 记下put off 推迟put on 穿，戴上，上演put on a performance 演出put on weight 发福，增加体重put out 扑灭，关熄put up 挂起，举起, 贴（广告等）put up with 忍受rather than 而不，非refer to 提到，涉及，有关regard... as 把……看作ring back 回电话ring off 挂断电话，停止讲话ring up 打电话给right away 立即，马上right now 立即，马上run away 逃跑, 失控run out of 用完save one's life 挽救某人生命scores of 许多，大量see...off 为某人送行sell out 卖完, 出卖send for 派人去叫（请）send out 发出，派遣send up 发出, 射出sentence...to death 判处死刑separate...from... 分开set down 放下set free 释放，解放set off 动身，起程；使爆发set out 出发; 开始set up settle down 建立，创立定居，平静下来show off 炫耀side by side 肩并肩，一起so as to 以便，为的是so far 到目前为止so far as （表示程度，范围）就……，尽……so long as 只要so...that 太……以至于……sooner or later 迟早，早晚speed up 加快速度spend...on 在……花钱stand for 代表，象征tick to 坚持stop doing sth. 停止做某事stop to do sth. 停下来做某事struggle against 同……作斗争such as 例如take away 拿走take it easy 别着急，别紧张take off 脱下，起飞take one's time 从容，慢慢行动take out 取出take place 发生take sb. in the arms 搂抱take the place of 取代，代替take up 占去，占据（时间、地位等）talk about 谈论，议论talk of 谈论，议论the day after tomorrow 后天the day before yesterday 前天the more...the more... 越……就越……the other day 前几天，某日think about 考虑（是否去做）think of 想起，考虑；认为，看法thousands of 成千上万，几千throw away 扔掉too...to 太……以至于不……try on 试穿，试试看try out 试验turn down 关小，调低turn off 关掉（水、电、电视、收音机等）turn on 打开（水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等）turn over 翻动，犁翻（土地）turn up 到达，来到；开大（声音）up and down 上下，来回used to sth. 习惯于used to do sth. 过去常常wait for 等候，等待wake up 醒来work out 算出，解决worry about 担心，烦恼wrap up 包好, 伪装write down 写下，记下write to 写信给……高频词组a bit (of)a great deala good/great manya kind ofa number ofa piece ofabove allaccording toadd up toafter allafter classagain and againagree to do sth.agree with sb.ahead ofall in allall kinds ofall overall rightall the bestanswer forapart from arrive at (in) a placeas a matter of factas a resultas...asas soon asas far asas ifas long asas thoughas wellas well asbelong tobe proud ofbe strict withbreak away frombreak downbreak inbreak offbreak outbreak upbring inbring onbring upbuild upby accidentby and byby dayby the waycall forcall incall oncall upcare forcarry offcarry oncarry outcatch up withchange intocheck incheck outclear upcome aboutcome acrosscome backcome downcome fromcome income offcome oncome outcome tocome truecome upcome up withcompare tocompare with21congratulate...on…connect toconnect withcut downcut offcut upday and nightdo one's bestdeal withdepend on (upon)die outdifferent fromdivide updivide...into...do some cleaning (shopping) dozens ofdrop indue toeach otherearn one's living either...orenjoy oneselfeven ifeven thoughever sinceface to facefall asleepfall ill far awayfar fromfeel like doingfigure outfill ... withfill infind outfirst of allfor everfor examplefrom now onfrom then onfrom... tofrom time to timeget along withget awayget backget close (to)get downget down toget inget offget onget on with sb.get throughget togetherget upgive awaygive backgive ingive outgive upgo aheadgo awaygo bygo fishing (shopping, skat- ing)go forgo for a walkgo in forgo offgo ongo on doing...go on withgo outgo overgo throughgrow uphad better (do)hand inhand outhave a coldhang onhang uphave a gift forhave a good timehave classes22have fun with have got to have tohear ofhear fromhelp oneself to help sb. with sth. help...outhold onhold one's breath hold outhold up hundreds of hurry upin a hurryin allin a wordin commonin debtin dangerin factin front ofin need ofin orderin order thatin order toin other words in peace in publicin surprisein the endin timeinstead ofjoin injoin upjust nowkeep backkeep doing sth.keep offkeep onkeep one's wordkeep upknock atknock into sb.laugh atlead tolet inlet outlive onlook afterlook aheadlook down uponlook forlook forward tolook intolook outlook throughlook uplots ofmake a facemake friends withmake upmake up ofmake up one's mindmillions ofmore or lessneither...nor…next tono doubtno longernot any morenot at allnot only ... but alsonot so...asnot till/untilnow and thennow thatof course 当然on (the, an) averageon dutyon footon showon timeon/over the radio23once againonce moreonce upon a time one after another open upor elseought toout of breathout of orderout of workover and over again pass bypay attention topay backpay forpay offpersuade sb. to do pick outpick uppoint outpoint toprevent ... fromput awayput downput offput onput on a performance put on weight put output upput up withrather thanrefer toregard... asring backring offring upright awayright nowrun awayrun out ofsave one's lifescores ofsee...offsell outsend forsend outsend upsentence...to deathseparate...from...set downset freeset offset outset up settle downshow offside by sideso as toso farso far asso long asso...thatsooner or laterspeed upspend...onstand fortick tostop doing sth.stop to do sth.struggle againstsuch astake awaytake it easytake offtake one's timetake outtake placetake sb. in the armstake the place oftake uptalk abouttalk ofthe day after tomorrowthe day before yesterday24the more...the more...the other daythink aboutthink ofthousands ofthrow awaytoo...totry ontry outturn downturn offturn onturn overturn upup and downused to sth.used to do sth.wait forwake upwork outworry aboutwrap upwrite downwrite to25。

教学资料范本【2020最新】山东中考英语二轮专题复习材-语法专题语编辑：__________________时间：__________________英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（The Active Voice）和被动语态（The Passive Voice）。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，例如：Many people speak English . (主动语态)English is spoken by many people. (被动语态)知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！一．被动语态的时态：1.一般现在时的被动语态： am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态： was /were +动词的过去分词3.一般将来时的被动语态： will be +动词的过去分词4.现在进行时的被动语态： am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态： have /has +been +动词的过去分词6.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词 + be +动词的过去分词二．主动语态变被动语态的变法：口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ,时不变，数格必须随被变。

注：1.主动、被动的时态要一致。

2.主动、被动的句式要一致。

3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。

三．特殊情况的被动语态：1.带双宾语的被动语态：动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾)口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间宾连。

1).give/pass /show 与介词to 搭配。

give sb sth —— sb +be given sth 或sth +be given +to sb .2).buy/make/cook 与介词for 搭配。

buy sb sth —— sb +be bought + sth 或 sth +be bought +for sbHe gave me a bookI ______ ______ a book by him. A book ____ ____ _____ me by him .My mother made me a cake .I ____ _____ a cake by my mother A cake ____ ____ ____ me by my mother .可有两种被动语态的常用动词有：buy，give，leave，lend，offer，pay，teach，tell，show，等。

2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解专题八L字部1. labourn.劳动，劳动力美式拼写：labor关联词组：labour force劳动力；cheap labour廉价劳工；labour cost人工成本；Labour Day劳动节用法：labour通常视为不可数名词，可指“劳动，（尤指）体力劳动”；也可以指工人的统称，即“劳工，劳动力”。

例如：The price will include the labour and materials.此价格中包含人工费和材料费。

a shortage of labour劳动力的短缺关联单词：labourer=laborer n.劳动者，工人；（尤指）体力劳动者（2019，吉林卷，阅读B）65.How do people often celebrate Labor Day in America nowadays?A. By working all day.B. By giving gifts to working people.C. By having fun with friends or family.D. By having a big ceremony.2. landn.陆地，土地；v.落地，着陆，登陆关联词组：land use土里利用；land development土地开发；land area陆地区域熟词僻义：land还可作动词，表示“（飞机/鸟/昆虫）降落，落地”、“（船）着陆，登陆”：The plane landed safely.飞机安全着陆了。

The troops landed at dawn.部队已在黎明登陆。

关联单词：island n.岛，小岛；farmland n.农田（2019，安徽卷，阅读C）She found a piece of land for sale and bought it with $5,000 she saved from years of babysitting (当临时保姆).3. largeadj.大的，巨大的用法：large指“（尺寸）大的，大量的”，常用短语有a large number of大量的（修饰可数名词）；a large amount of大量的（修饰不可数名词）；large还可表示“大型号的”：small/medium/large小/中/大同义词：big adj.大的反义词：small adj.小的（2019，浙江卷，阅读C）The antenna of FAST in Guizhou, China, the latest and largest radio telescope in the world, is 500 metres in diameter, as large as the size of 30 football fields.4. lastadj.最后的；最近刚过去的；v.持续关联词组：at last最后，终于；last year/month/week/night/summer去年/上个月/上周/昨晚/去年夏天；the last minute/moment最后一刻，紧急关头熟词僻义：last还可以作动词，表示“持续”，不用于进行时，后面也不一定要接时间状语。

2020⼭东中考英语重点词汇专项训练2020中考重点词汇专项训练真题组⼀⼀、根据句意及提⽰写出句中所缺的单词。

1. [2018·天⽔] Every coin has two s______ . You should use the Internet in a proper way.2. [2019·宜宾改编] In China, the noodles on the birthday are a s ______(象征) of long life.3. [2019·安徽] It’s helpful to have a clear i______ (想法) of what you want.4. [ 2019·⼴西] We will hold a party to say goodbye to our teachers next __________(星期三).5. [ 2018·贵港] For your own __________ (安全), please do not smoke inside the plane.6. [ 2018·安顺] Look! So many __________ (girl) students are enjoying themselves on the playground.7. [ 2018·安顺] Would you tell me the ____________(pronounce) of the new word?8. [ 2018·荆门] Many young people look up to space _________ (英雄)and want to become like them.9. [ 2018·荆门] Careful ____________ (准备) for the exam is necessary for us students.10. [ 2019·青岛] Keeping English _________(⽇记) is a good way to improve English.⼆、选⽤⽅框内的单词或词组填空，其中有⼀个单词或词组是多余的。

教学资料范本【2020最新】山东中考英语二轮专题复习材-语法专题代词编辑：__________________时间：__________________一．人称代词：单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称I me we us第二人称you you you you第三人称it/she/he it/her/him they them1.主格作主语,宾格作动词或介词的宾语. He teaches ______(we) Chinese .2.三种人称代词并列时,顺序为:单数:二,三,一（You, she and I ）复数:一,二,三 (we , you and they )注:若把责任担,第一人称最当先,(即若做错事时,把第一人称放在最前面.)She and I have been to Beijing . Who broke the window ? I and Mike .注：it 还有一些特别的用法。

1）用作形式主语,常用于“It’s +adj +to do sth”句型中.2) 用在句型: “It seems that …”中.3) 用在句型: “It’s one’s turn to do sth”中.4) 用在句型: “It’s time to do sth / for sth”中.5) 用在句型: “It’s +adj +that 从句”中.6) 用作形式宾语, 用来代替动词不定式. make /think /feel/find + it + adj (名词)+ to do sth .二.物主代词.第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数形容词性my our your your its/his/her their 名词性mine ours yours yours its/his/hers theirs1.形容词性的物主代词作定语放在名词前，不能单独使用。

2.名词性的物主代词，后面不能加名词。

2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解专题十六S字部（三）1. spreadv.传播；扩散；张开，展开词形变化：过去式spread，过去分词spread用法：○1表示“扩散，蔓延”，指影响更多的人或地方，后面可跟介词through/over/among等。

例如：The disease spread rapidly among the poor. 疾病在穷人中间迅速传播。

○2表示“流传；散布，传播”，指信息或观点，可及物可不及物；其后可跟介词to/through/over等。

例如：Word spread quickly that she was leaving. 她要离开的消息迅速传开。

○3表示“张开，伸开”，指手臂、手指、腿等；其后常接out。

例如：She spread her arms and the child ran towards her. 她张开双臂，孩子向她跑来。

（2019，浙江卷，词汇运用）40. More and more people have realized the importance of spreading our _____________(传统的) culture.2. standardn.&adj.标准（的）关联词组：living standard=standard of living生活水平；up to standard达到标准名词用法：表示“水平，标准，规格，规范”，其后常接介词of：How do you think of the general standard of education there? 你觉得那里教育的整体水准如何？形容词用法：○1表示“正常的，标准的，普通的”，形容普遍接受的，相当于normal。

例如：This is our standard price. 这是我们的标准价格。

○2表示“标准的”，指形状、大小、质量等。

例如：We make shoes in standard and wide sizes. 我们制造标准码和加宽码的鞋子。