economy的形容词

语法填空核心技能：词性转换

形容词变ence/ance名词

absent absence 缺席，不存在

present presence 出席，存在

confident confidence 自信

convenient convenience 便利

different difference 差异

evident evidence 证据

independent independence 独立

intelligent intelligence 才智

patient patience 耐心

silent silence 沉默

violent violence 暴力

abundant abundance 丰富

distant distance 距离

significant significance 意义

important importance 重要

ignorant ignorance 无知

形容词变y名词

y：

difficult difficulty 困难

honest honesty 诚实

current currency 货币

Complexity and the Economy

W. Brian Arthur

Citibank Professor, Santa Fe Institute

Paper appeared in Science, 2 April 1999, 284, 107-109

Common to all studies on complexity are systems with multiple elements adapting or reacting to the

pattern these elements create. The elements might be

cells in a cellular automaton, or ions in a spin glass, or cells in an immune system, and they may react to

neighboring cells’ states, or local magnetic moments, or

concentrations of B and T cells—“elements” and the “patterns” they respond to vary from one context to

another. But the elements adapt to the world—the

aggregate pattern—they co-create. Time enters naturally here via adjustment and change: as the

elements react, the aggregate changes, as the aggregate

changes, elements react anew. Barring some asymptotic state or equilibrium reached, complex systems are

选择性必修一

Unit 6

1 steadily /'stedɪlɪ/ adv. 平稳地；稳定地；坚定地;坚固地;不断地

steady /ˈstedi/ adj.平稳进行的；持续的；逐渐的；稳定的，牢固的，不摇晃的；（嗓音）沉稳的，平静的；稳健的，靠得住的

v.拿稳，扶稳；使稳定/稳固；恢复平稳，稳定下来；（使）镇定，（使）变平静

adv.稳定地;持续地;稳固地

int.(要求对方注意言行)哎，注意点;(提醒对方小心)注意，当心，小心

(as) steady as a rock十分可靠；稳如泰山；安如盘石

ready, steady, go!/ also (get) ready, (get) set, go NAmE, BrE（赛跑口令）各就各位，预备，跑！

go steady (with sb) (old-fashioned, informal) （和情侣）关系稳定

“稳固的”同义词辨析：

firm 指牢固不可动摇或意志、信仰的坚定。

stable 多指根基牢固，平衡良好，也指性格或位置等的稳定，不可移动或改变。

steady 指保持平衡不动摇。用于有形物时，指没有根基的稳固，也指动中的稳。

2 massive /ˈmæsɪv/ adj.巨大的，大而重的，厚重的；强大的，强烈的，极具破坏力的；【英，非正式】极好的，非常妙的

“巨大的”同义词辨析：

huge adj. 巨大的，庞大的。含义很广，指体积、数量、程度方面极大的，但通常不用于重量。

colossal /kəˈlɒsl/ adj. 巨大的，庞大的。通常指体积或总量极大的。

enormous /ɪˈnɔːməs/ adj. 巨大的，庞大的。指尺寸或数量巨大的。

giant adj. 巨大的，庞大的。只作定语，指比其他同类事物大的。

gigantic /dʒaɪˈɡæntɪk/ adj. 巨大的，庞大的。指规格、数量或程度巨大的，含超出常规或预想之意。

The economy or the environment –must we

choose?

TV presenter: James Long

Speakers: Lin Shuiqing, an environmentalist

QianLiwi, an economist

James Long: Good morning. Today’s debate question is ‘The economy or the environment –must

we choose?’ With me are Mr. Lin Shuiqing, from the Society for Environmental Preservation, and

Mr. Qian Liwei, an economist. We are following our usual schedule for debates. Mr. Lin Shuiqing

will speak first for three minutes. Mr. Qian Liwei will follow, also for three minutes. Then we will

open the floor for discussion. If you have any questions or comments, you can use this time to

voice them.

Lin Shuqqing: Good morning, everyone. I am talking to you today about the way large areas of

the world are damaged by industrial waste. Many places have been destroyed and many plants