金融学专业词汇(中英文对照)
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经济学专业术语(中英文对照)目录1. 经济学原理 (2)2. 像经济学家一样思考 (2)3. 相互依存性与贸易的好处 (3)4. 供给与需求的市场力量 (3)5. 弹性及其应用 (4)6. 供给需求与政策 (4)7. 消费者、生产者与市场效率 (4)8. 赋税的应用 (4)9. 国际贸易 (5)10. 外部性 (5)11. 公共物品和公共资源 (5)12. 税制设计 (5)13. 生产成本 (6)14. 竞争市场上的企业 (7)15. 垄断 (7)16. 垄断竞争 (7)17. 寡头 (7)18. 生产要素市场 (8)19. 收入与歧视 (8)20. 收入不平等与贫困 (8)21. 消费者选择理论 (9)22. 微观经济学前沿 (9)23. 一国收入的衡量 (10)24. 生活费用的衡量 (10)25. 生产与增长 (10)26. 储蓄、投资和金融体系 (11)27. 金融学的基本工具 (11)28. 失业 (12)29. 货币制度 (12)30. 货币增长与通货膨胀 (13)31. 开放经济的宏观经济学 (14)32. 开放经济的宏观经济理论 (14)33. 总需求与总供给 (14)34. 货币政策和财政政策对总需求影响 (15)35. 通胀与失业之间的短期权衡取舍 (15)1.经济学原理经济:(economy)稀缺性:(scarcity)经济学:(economics)效率:(efficiency)平等:(equality)机会成本:(opporyunity cost)理性人:(rational people)边际变动:(marginal change)边际收益:(marginal benefit)边际成本:(marginal cost)激励:(incentive)市场经济:(market economy)产权:(property rights)市场失灵:(market failure)外部性:(externality)市场势力:(market power)生产率:(productivity)通货膨胀:(inflation)经济周期:(business cycle)2.像经济学家一样思考循环流量图:(circular-flow diagram)生产可能性边界:(production possibilities)微观经济学:(microeconomics)宏观经济学:(macroeconomics)实证表述:(positive statements)规范表述:(normative statements)有序数对:(ordered pair)3.相互依存性与贸易的好处绝对优势:(absolute advantage)机会成本:(apportunity cost)比较优势:(comparative advantage)进口品:(imports)出口品:(exports)4.供给与需求的市场力量市场:(market)竞争市场:(competitive market)需求量:(quantity demand)需求定理:(law of demand)需求表:(demand schedule)需求曲线:(demand curve)正常物品:(normal good)低档物品:(inferior good)替代品:(substitutes)互补品:(complements)供给量:(quantity supplied)供给定理:(law of supply)供给表:(supply schedule)供给曲线:(supply curve)均衡:(equilibrium)均衡价格:(equilibrium price)均衡数量:(equilibrium quantity)过剩:(surplus)短缺:(shortage)供求定理:(law of supply and demand)5.弹性及其应用弹性:(elasticity)需求价格弹性:(price elasticity of demand)总收益:(total revenue)需求收入弹性:(income elasticity)需求的交叉价格弹性:(cross-price elasticity)供给价格弹性:(price elasticity of supply)6.供给需求与政策价格上限:(price ceiling)价格下限:(price floor)税收归宿:(tax incidence)7.消费者、生产者与市场效率福利经济学:(welfare economics)支付意愿:(willingness to pay)消费者剩余:(consumer surplus)成本:(cost)生产者剩余:(producer surplus)效率:(efficiency)平等:(equality)8.赋税的应用无谓损失:(deadweight loss)9.国际贸易世界价格:(world price)关税:(tariff)10.外部性外部性:(externality)外部性内在化:(internalizing the externality)矫正税:(corrective taxes)科斯定理:(coase theorem)交易成本:(transaction cost)11.公共物品和公共资源排他性:(excludability)消费中的竞争性:(rivalry in consumption)私人物品:(private goods)公共物品:(public goods)公共资源:(common resources)俱乐部物品:(club goods)搭便车者:(free rider)成本-收益分析:(cost-benefit analysis)公地悲剧:(tragedy of commons)12.税制设计纳税义务:(tax lianility)预算赤字:(budget defict)预算盈余:(budget surplus)平均税率:(average tax rate)边际税率:(marginal tax rate)定额税:(lump-sum tax)受益原则:(benefits principle)支付能力原则:(ability-to-pay principle)纵向平等:(vertical equity)横向平等:(horizontal equity)比例税:(proportional tax)累退税:(regressive tax)累进税:(progressive tax)13.生产成本总收益:(total revenue)总成本:(total cost)利润:(profit)显性成本:(explicit costs)隐性成本:(implicit costs)经济利润:(economic profit)会计利润:(counting profit)生产函数:(production function)边际产量:(marginal product)边际产量递减:(diminishing marginal product)固定成本:(fixed costs)可变成本:(variable costs)平均总成本:(average total cost)平均固定成本:(average fixed costs)平均可变成本:(average variable costs)边际成本:(marginal cost)有效规模:(efficient scale)规模经济:(economies of scale)规模不经济:(diseconomies of scale)规模收益不变:(constant returns to scale) 14.竞争市场上的企业竞争市场:(competitive market)平均收益:(average revenue)边际收益:(marginal revenue)沉没成本:(sunk revenue)15.垄断垄断企业:(monopoly)自然垄断:(natural monopoly)价格歧视:(price discrimination)16.垄断竞争寡头:(oligopoly)垄断竞争:(monopolistic competition) 17.寡头博弈论:(game theory)勾结:(collusion)卡特尔:(cartel)纳什均衡:(Nash equilibrium)囚徒困境:(prisoners’ dilemma)占优策略:(dominant strategy)18.生产要素市场生产要素:(factors of production)生产函数:(production function)劳动的边际产量:(marginal product of labor)边际产量递减:(diminishing marginal product)边际产量值:(value of the marginal product)资本:(capital)19.收入与歧视补偿性工资差别:(compensating differential)人力资本:(human capital)工会:(union)罢工:(strike)效率工资:(efficiency)歧视:(discrimination)20.收入不平等与贫困贫困率:(poverty rate)贫困率:(poverty line)实物转移支付:(in-kind transfers)生命周期:(life cycle)持久收入:(permanent income)功利主义:(utilitariansm)效用:(utilitariansm)自由主义:(liberalism)最大最小准则:(maximin criterion)负所得税:(negative income tax)福利:(welfare)社会保险:(social insurance)自由至上主义:(libertarianism)21.消费者选择理论预算约束线:(budget constraint)无差异曲线:(indiffernnce curve)边际替代率:(marginal rate of subtitution)完全替代品:(perfect substitudes)完全互补品:(perfect complements)正常物品:(normal good)低档物品:(inferior good)收入效应:(income effect)替代效应:(substitution effect)吉芬物品:(Giffen good)22.微观经济学前沿道德风险:(moral hazard)代理人:(agent)委托人:(principal)逆向选择:(adverse selection)发信号:(signaling)筛选:(screening)政治经济学:(political economy)康多塞悖论:(condorcet paradox)阿罗不可能性定理:(Arrow’s impossibility)中值选民定理:(median vater theorem)行为经济学:(behavioral economics)23.一国收入的衡量微观经济学:(microeconomics)宏观经济学:(macroeconomics)国内生产总值:(gross domestic product,GDP)消费:(consumption)投资:(investment)政府购买:(government purchase)净出口:(net export)名义GDP:(nominal GDP)真实GDP:(real GDP)GDP平减指数:(GDP deflator)24.生活费用的衡量消费物价指数:(consumer price index,CPI)通货膨胀率:(inflation rate)生产物价指数:(produer price index,PPI)指数化:(indexation)生活费用津贴:(cost-of-living allowance,COLA)名义利率:(nominal interest rate)25.生产与增长生产率:(productivity)物质资本:(physical capital)人力资本:(human capital)自然资源:(natural resources)技术知识:(technological knoeledge)收益递减:(diminishing returns)追赶效应:(catch-up effect)26.储蓄、投资和金融体系金融体系:(financial system)金融市场:(financial markets)债券:(bond)股票:(stock)金融中介机构:(financial intermediaries)共同基金:(mutual fund)国民储蓄:(national saving)私人储蓄:(private saving)公共储蓄:(public saving)预算盈余:(budget surplus)预算赤字:(budget deficit)可贷资金市场:(market for loanable funds)挤出:(crowding out)27.金融学的基本工具金融学:(finance)现值:(present value)终值:(future value)复利:(compounding)风险厌恶:(risk aversion)多元化:(diversification)企业特有风险:(firm-specific risk)市场风险:(market risk)基本面风险:(fundamental analysis)有效市场假说:(efficient markets by pothesis)信息有效:(informational efficiency)随机游走:(random walk)28.失业劳动力:(laborforce)失业率:(unemployment rate)劳动力参与率:(labor-force participation rate)自然失业率:(natural rate of unemployment)周期性失业:(cyclical unemployment)失去信心的工人:(discouraged workers)摩擦性失业:(frictional unemployment)结构性失业:(structural unemployment)寻找工作:(job search)失业保险:(unemployment insurance)工会:(union)集体谈判:(collective bargaining)罢工:(strike)效率工资:(essiciency wages)29.货币制度货币:(money)交换媒介:(medium of exchange)计价单位:(unit of account)价值储藏手段:(store of value)流动性:(liquidity)商品货币:(commodity money)法定货币:(fiat money)通货:(currency)活期存款:(demand deposits)联邦储备局:(Federal Reserve)中央银行:(central bank)货币供给:(money supply)货币政策:(monetary policy)准备金:(reserves)部分准备金银行:(fractional-reserve banking)准备金率:(reserve ratio)货币乘数:(money multiplier)银行资本:(bank capital)杠杆:(leverage)杠杆率:(leverage ratio)资本需要量:(capital requirement)公开市场操作:(open-market operations)贴现率:(discount rate)法定准备金:(reserve requirements)补充金融计划:(supplementary financing program)联邦基金利率:(federal funds rate)30.货币增长与通货膨胀铲除通胀:(whip Inflation Now)货币数量论:(quantity theory of money)名义变量:(nominal variables)真实变量:(real variables)古典二分法:(classiacl dichotomy)货币中性:(monetary neutrality)货币流通速度:(velocity of money)数量方程式:(quantity equation)通货膨胀税:(inflation tax)费雪效应:(Fisher effect)皮鞋成本:(shoeleather cost)菜单成本:(menu costs)31.开放经济的宏观经济学封闭经济:(closed economy)开放经济:(open economy)出口:(exports)净出口:(net exports)贸易余额:(trade balance)贸易盈余:(trade surplus)贸易平衡:(balanced trade)贸易赤字:(trade deficit)资本净流出:(net capital outflow)名义汇率:(nominal exchange rate)升值:(appreciation)贬值:(depreciation)真实汇率:(real exchange rate)购买力平价:(purchasing-power parity)32.开放经济的宏观经济理论贸易政策:(trade policy)资本外逃:(capital flight)33.总需求与总供给衰退:(recession)萧条:(depression)总需求与总供给模型:(model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply)总需求曲线:(aggregate-demand curve)总供给曲线:(aggregate-supply curve)自然产出水平:(natural level of output)滞胀:(stagflation)34.货币政策和财政政策对总需求影响流动性偏好理论:(theory of liquidity)财政政策:(fisical policy)乘数效应:(multiplier effect)挤出效应:(crowding-out effect)自动稳定器:(automatic stabilizers)35.通胀与失业之间的短期权衡取舍菲利普斯曲线:(phillips curve)自然率假说:(natural-rate hypothesis)供给冲击:(supply shock)牺牲率:(sacrifice ratio)理性预期:(rational expectations)。
金融数学中英文专业词汇对照accumulation function 累积函数American-style option 美式期权amortization method 分期偿还法annuity 年金annuity-due 期初付年金annuity-immediate 期末付年金arbitrage 套利at-the-money option 平价期权base amount 基价base points 基点bear spreads 熊市差价Bermudan-style option 百慕大期权binomial tree 二叉树bond 债券bond with coupons 附息债券box spread 盒式差价brownian motion 布朗运动bull spreads 牛市差价butterfly spreads 蝶式差价buyer 买方call option 看涨期权callable bond 可赎回债券cash flow matching 现金流配比cash-and-carry arbitrage 正向套利Chicago mercantile exchange(CME)芝加哥商业交易所collar 衣领策略collar width 衣领宽度common stock 普通股compound increasing annuity 复递增年金compound interest 复利continuously payable annuity 连续支付年金continuously payable continuously decreasing annuity 连续支付连续递减的年金continuously payable continuously increasing annuity 连续支付连续递增的年金continuously payable decreasing annuity 连续支付的递减年金continuously payable increasing annuity 连续支付的递增年金continuously payable varying annuity 连续支付的变额年金convexity 凸度coupon 息票收入coupon rate 息票率decreasing annuity 递减年金decreasing annuity-due 期初付递减年金decreasing annuity-immediate 期末付递减年金delivery price 交割价格derivative instrument 衍生产品discount function 贴现函数duration 久期effective duration 有效久期effective rate of discount 实际贴现率effective rate of interest 实际利率equation of value 价值方程European-style option 欧式期权exercise price 执行价格face amount 面值fixed interest rate model 固定利率模型force of discount 贴现力force of interest 利息力forward contract 远期合约forward price 远期价格forward rate 远期利率forward rate agreements(FRA)远期利率协议forwards 远期full immunization 完全免疫future value 终值futures 期货futures contracts 期货合约futures price 期货价格hedging 套期保值immunization 免疫increasing annuity 递增年金increasing annuity-due 期初付递增年金increasing annuity-immediate 期末付递增年金initial margin 初始保证金interest 利息interest rate swaps 利率互换interest rate tree 利率树interest-sensitive cash flows 利率敏感型现金流internal rate of return 内涵报酬率in-the-money option 实值期权intrinsic value 内在价值investment year method 投资年度法Ito process 伊藤过程level annuity 等额年金London interbank offered rate 伦敦银行同业拆借利率long position 多头maintenance margin 维持保证金marking to market 盯市modified duration 修正久期mortgage 抵押贷款net present value 净现值nominal rate of discount 名义贴现率nominal rate of interest 名义利率offset 对冲平仓option 期权option price 期权价格out-of-the-money option 虚值期权outstanding balance 未偿还本金余额par yield curve 平价收益率曲线payoff 回收perpetuity 永续年金portfolio method 组合方法preferred stock 优先股premium 期权费premium amortization 溢价分摊present value 现值principle 本金prospective method 将来法pure discount bond 贴现债券put option 看跌期权ratio spread 比率差价redemption value 偿还值retrospective method 过去法reverse cash-and-carry arbitrage 反向套利risk-neutral probability 风险中性概率seller 卖方short position 空头short sale 卖空simple interest 单利sinking fund method 偿债基金法spot price 即期价格spot rate 即期利率spreads 差价stock 股票straddle 跨式策略strap 带式策略strip 条式策略swap 互换swap rate 互换利率term structure of interest rate 利率的期限结构time-weighted rate of return 时间加权收益率underlying asset 标的资产variance rate 方差率varying interest rate model 变动利率模型covered call 有担保的看涨期权covered put 有担保的看跌期权yield rate 收益率yield to maturity 到期收益率zero-cost collar 零成本衣领zero-coupon bond 零息债券。
金融学名词中英对照金融学是研究资金获取、管理和投资的学科。
下面是一些常用的金融学名词及其英文对照。
1.资本市场 - Capital Market 资本市场是一种长期融资的机制,包括股票市场和债券市场。
在资本市场上,公司和政府可以通过出售股票和债券来筹集资金。
2.风险管理 - Risk Management 风险管理是为了最小化或规避金融活动中的潜在风险而采取的一系列措施。
风险管理涉及确定和评估风险,并采取相应的措施来管理和控制风险。
3.投资组合 - Investment Portfolio 投资组合是指一个人或机构所拥有的各种不同类型的投资资产。
投资组合可以包括股票、债券、房地产和其他金融产品。
4.资本结构- Capital Structure 资本结构是指一个公司资本的组成方式,即债务和股权的比例。
通过调整债务和股权的比例,公司可以影响其财务风险和股东权益回报率。
5.效用函数 - Utility Function 效用函数是一个数学函数,用于衡量个人或企业对不同选择的偏好程度。
效用函数可以用来分析消费决策和资产配置。
6.期权 - Option 期权是一种金融合约,赋予持有人在未来特定时间内买入或卖出某个标的资产的权利。
期权常用于对冲风险、套利和投机。
7.利率 - Interest Rate 利率是在一定时期内贷款所需支付的费用。
利率的水平对经济和金融市场有重大影响,也是央行货币政策的重要工具之一。
8.资产负债表 - Balance Sheet 资产负债表是企业或个人在特定时间点上的资产、负债和所有者权益的总结表。
资产负债表能够反映一个实体的财务状况和偿债能力。
9.证券 - Securities 证券是可供买卖的金融资产,包括股票、债券、期权和衍生品。
证券市场是进行证券交易的地方。
10.财务分析 - Financial Analysis 财务分析是通过分析财务报表和其他财务信息,评估一个企业或项目的财务状况和业绩。
金融学专业术语中英文B 半强式效率semi-strong efficiency 指在证券价格充分反映了所有的公开信息(包括历史价格和交易情况,但不局限于此。
)半通货膨胀Semi-inflation 当经济逐渐接近充分就业时,货币供给增加所形成的过度总需求一方面使产出增加,另一方面又使价格逐渐上升。
保险合约insurance contract 是保险公司与被保险人之间签订的当某一事件发生时按约定的费率给予被保险人赔偿的合约。
本金principal 本期收益率current yield 本位币standard money 按照国家规定的金属、单位货币的名称和重量铸造的货币。
边际储蓄倾向Marginal Propensity to Save ,MPS 反映可支配收入每增加以单位时储蓄支出增加的数量。
边际消费倾向Marginal Propensity to Concume ,MPC 反映可支配收入每增加一个单位时小分支出增加的数量。
补偿性公共支出compensatory public spending 政府财政预算应于社会经济条件保持相同的步调,即政府应在萧条期间实施结构性预算赤字的政策,而在经济繁荣时,就要保持适当的盈余。
不动产信用控制real estate credit control 指中央银行对商业银行等金融机构向客户提供不动产抵押贷款的管理 措施。
C 财富效应wealth effect 财富变动对消费和储蓄倾向的影响。
财务担保guarantee 贷款人要求担保人为借款人的借款提供经济担保,当借款人无力偿还借款时,由担保人负责偿还的一种经济合同。
财务公司financial company 通过发行商业票据、股票或从银行借款获得资金,再利用这些资金对个人或企业进行小额贷款。
财政赤字论fiscal deficit theory 克鲁格曼(Krugman,1979)提出财政赤字导致货币危机的理论。
财政性通货膨胀理论fiscal inflation theory 通过财政政策来鼓励通货膨胀的理论。
金融学和会计学英语词汇division of labor 劳动分工commodity money 商品货币legal tender 法定货币fiat money 法定通货a medium of exchange 交换媒介legal sanction 法律制裁face value 面值liquid assets 流动资产illiquidl assets 非流动资产the liquidity scale 流动性指标real estate 不动产checking accounts,demand deposit,checkable deposit 活期存款time deposit 定期存款negotiable order of withdrawal accounts 大额可转让提款单money market mutual funds 货币市场互助基金repurchase agreements 回购协议certificate of deposits 存单bond 债券stock 股票travelers'checks 旅行支票small-denomination time deposits 小额定期存款large-denomination time deposits 大额定期存款bank overnight repurchase agreements 银行隔夜回购协议bank long-term repurchase agreements 银行长期回购协议thrift institutions 存款机构financial institution 金融机构commercial banks 商业银行a means of payment 支付手段a store of value 储藏手段a standard of value 价值标准reserve 储备note 票据discount 贴现circulate 流通central bank 中央银行the Federal Reserve System 联邦储备系统credit union 信用合作社paper currency 纸币credit creation 信用创造branch banking 银行分行制unit banking 单一银行制out of circulation 退出流通capital stock 股本at par 以票面价值计electronic banking 电子银行banking holding company 公司银行the gold standard 金本位the Federal Reserve Board 联邦储备委员会the stock market crash 股市风暴reserve ratio 准备金比率deficit 亏损roll 展期wholesale 批发default 不履约auction 拍卖collateralize 担保markup 价格的涨幅dealer 交易员broker 经纪人pension funds 养老基金face amount 面值commerical paper 商业票据banker's acceptance 银行承兑汇票Fed fund 联邦基金eurodollar 欧洲美元treasury bills 国库券floating-rate 浮动比率fixed-rate 固定比率default risk 拖欠风险credit rating 信誉级别tax collection 税收money market 货币市场capital market 资本市场original maturity 原始到期期限surplus funds 过剩基金宏观经济的 macroeconomic通货膨胀 inflation破产 insolvency有偿还债务能力的 solvent合同 contract汇率 exchange rate紧缩信贷 tighten credit creation 私营部门 private sector财政管理机构 fiscal authorities宽松的财政政策 slack fiscal policy税法 tax bill财政 public finance财政部 the Ministry of Finance平衡预算 balanced budget继承税 inheritance tax货币主义者 monetariest增值税 VAT (value added tax)收入 revenue总需求 aggregate demand货币化 monetization赤字 deficit经济不景气 recession经济好转 turnabout复苏 recovery成本推进型 cost push货币供应 money supply生产率 productivity劳动力 labor force实际工资 real wages成本推进式通货膨胀 cost-push inflation 需求拉动式通货膨胀 demand-pull inflation 双位数通货膨胀 double- digit inflation极度通货膨胀 hyperinflation长期通货膨胀 chronic inflation治理通货膨胀 to fight inflation最终目标 ultimate goal坏的影响 adverse effect担保 ensure贴现 discount萧条的 sluggish认购 subscribe to支票帐户 checking account货币控制工具 instruments of monetry control 借据 IOUs(I owe you)本票 promissory notes货币总监 controller of the currency拖收系统 collection system支票清算或结算 check clearing资金划拨 transfer of funds可以相信的证明 credentials改革 fashion被缠住 entangled货币联盟 Monetary Union再购协议 repo精明的讨价还价交易 horse-trading欧元 euro公共债务 membership criteria汇率机制 REM储备货币 reserve currency劳动密集型 labor-intensive股票交易所 bourse竞争领先 frontrun牛市 bull market非凡的牛市 a raging bull规模经济 scale economcies买方出价与卖方要价之间的差价 bid-ask spreads 期货(股票) futures经济商行 brokerage firm回报率 rate of return股票 equities违约 default现金外流 cash drains经济人佣金 brokerage fee存款单 CD(certificate of deposit)营业额 turnover资本市场 capital market布雷顿森林体系 The Bretton Woods System经常帐户 current account套利者 arbitrager远期汇率 forward exchange rate即期汇率 spot rate实际利率 real interest rates货币政策工具 tools of monetary policy银行倒闭 bank failures跨国公司 MNC ( Multi-National Corporation) 商业银行 commercial bank商业票据 comercial paper利润 profit本票,期票 promissory notes监督 to monitor佣金(经济人) commission brokers套期保值 hedge有价证券平衡理论 portfolio balance theory 外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves固定汇率 fixed exchange rate浮动汇率 floating/flexible exchange rate 货币选择权(期货) currency option套利 arbitrage合约价 exercise price远期升水 forward premium多头买升 buying long空头卖跌 selling short按市价订购股票 market order股票经纪人 stockbroker国际货币基金 the IMF七国集团 the G-7监督 surveillance同业拆借市场 interbank market可兑换性 convertibility软通货 soft currency限制 restriction交易 transaction充分需求 adequate demand短期外债 short term external debt汇率机制 exchange rate regime直接标价 direct quotes资本流动性 mobility of capital赤字 deficit本国货币 domestic currency外汇交易市场 foreign exchange market国际储备 international reserve利率 interest rate资产 assets国际收支 balance of payments贸易差额 balance of trade繁荣 boom债券 bond资本 captial资本支出 captial expenditures商品 commodities商品交易所 commodity exchange期货合同 commodity futures contract普通股票 common stock联合大企业 conglomerate货币贬值 currency devaluation通货紧缩 deflation折旧 depreciation贴现率 discount rate归个人支配的收入 disposable personal income 从业人员 employed person汇率 exchange rate财政年度fiscal year自由企业 free enterprise国民生产总值 gross antional product 库存 inventory劳动力人数 labor force债务 liabilities市场经济 market economy合并 merger货币收入 money income跨国公司 Multinational Corproation 个人收入 personal income优先股票 preferred stock价格收益比率 price-earning ratio优惠贷款利率 prime rate利润 profit回报 return on investment使货币升值 revaluation薪水 salary季节性调整 seasonal adjustment关税 tariff失业人员 unemployed person效用 utility价值 value工资 wages工资价格螺旋上升 wage-price spiral收益 yield补偿贸易 compensatory trade, compensated deal 储蓄银行 saving banks欧洲联盟 the European Union单一的实体 a single entity抵押贷款 mortgage lending业主产权 owner's equity普通股 common stock无形资产 intangible assets收益表 income statement营业开支 operating expenses行政开支 administrative expenses现金收支一览表 statement of cash flow贸易中的存货 inventory收益 proceeds投资银行 investment bank机构投资者 institutional investor垄断兼并委员会 MMC招标发行 issue by tender定向发行 introduction代销 offer for sale直销 placing公开发行 public issue信贷额度 credit line国际债券 international bonds欧洲货币Eurocurrency利差 interest margin以所借的钱作抵押所获之贷款 leveraged loan 权利股发行 rights issues净收入比例结合 net income gearing常用的经济学金融学中英文词汇及解释Equilibrium,competitive 竞争均衡见竟争均衡(competitive equilibrium)。
经济金融术语英汉对照经济金融领域常常涉及大量的专业术语,对于学习和理解这些术语,将英文与中文对照是非常重要的。
下面是一些经济金融术语的英汉对照列表,希望对您有所帮助。
1. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 国内生产总值GDP是一个国家或地区在特定时间内所生产的所有最终商品和服务的市场价值的总和。
2. Inflation 通货膨胀通货膨胀是指货币供应量增加导致物价水平上升的现象。
3. Deflation 通货紧缩通货紧缩是指货币供应量减少导致物价水平下降的现象。
4. Interest Rate 利率利率是指借贷资金所产生的利息与本金之间的比率。
5. Exchange Rate 汇率汇率是指一种货币与另一种货币之间的兑换比率。
6. Stock Market 股票市场股票市场是指买卖股票的场所,也是企业融资的重要途径。
7. Bond 债券债券是一种证券,表示借款人向债权人承诺在一定期限内支付利息和本金。
8. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) 外商直接投资外商直接投资是指一个国家的企业在另一个国家的企业中进行的长期投资。
9. Taxation 税收税收是政府从个人和企业获得财政收入的一种方式。
10. Budget Deficit 预算赤字预算赤字是指政府支出超过收入的情况,需要通过借贷或印钞等方式来弥补。
11. Trade Surplus/Trade Deficit 贸易顺差/贸易逆差贸易顺差指一个国家的出口额大于进口额,贸易逆差则相反。
12. Monetary Policy 货币政策货币政策是由中央银行制定和执行的调控货币供应量和利率水平的政策。
13. Fiscal Policy 财政政策财政政策是由政府制定和执行的调控财政支出和税收的政策。
14. Central Bank 央行央行是一个国家的货币发行和货币政策的实施机构。
15. Market Economy 市场经济市场经济是一种以市场配置资源和决定价格的经济体制。
最全金融行业术语英文翻译本文档旨在为您提供最全面的金融行业术语的英文翻译,帮助您更好地理解和使用这些术语。
以下是我们整理的金融行业术语及对应的英文翻译:1. 金融市场:Financial market2. 资金流动:Capital flow3. 股票:Stock4. 债券:Bond5. 期权:Option6. 期货:Futures7. 衍生品:Derivative8. 投资组合:Portfolio9. 风险管理:Risk management10. 资产负债表:Balance sheet12. 现金流量表:Cash flow statement13. 财务分析:Financial analysis14. 贷款:Loan15. 存款:Deposit16. 利率:Interest rate17. 汇率:Exchange rate18. 银行业务:Banking business19. 保险业务:Insurance business20. 财富管理:Wealth management21. 资产管理:Asset management22. 投资银行:Investment banking23. 证券交易所:Stock exchange24. 资本市场:Capital market26. 风险投资:Venture capital27. 股票交易:Stock trading28. 期货交易:Futures trading29. 存款利率:Deposit rate30. 贷款利率:Loan rate这仅仅是金融行业术语的一小部分,更多术语可以根据实际需要进行进一步查询和研究。
希望本文档对您有所帮助。
金融英语词汇大全1. Introduction金融英语是指与金融相关的英语表达和词汇。
在全球化的经济和金融市场中,金融英语的学习和应用显得尤为重要。
本文将为您提供一个综合的金融英语词汇大全,帮助您更好地了解和应用金融英语。
2. Banking and Finance2.1 基本金融词汇•Bank - 银行•Deposit - 存款•Withdraw - 取款•Account - 账户•Transaction - 交易•Credit - 信贷•Debit - 借记•Interest - 利息•Loan - 贷款•Invest - 投资•Exchange - 兑换•Stock - 股票•Bond - 债券•Mortgage - 抵押贷款•Insurance - 保险•Asset - 资产•Liability - 负债•Interest Rate - 利率•Inflation - 通货膨胀•Market - 市场•Economy - 经济•Currency - 货币•Exchange Rate - 汇率2.2 金融机构和职位•Banker - 银行家•Investor - 投资者•Broker - 经纪人•Accountant - 会计师•Economist - 经济学家•Trader - 交易员•Analyst - 分析师•Auditor - 审计员•Financial Planner - 理财规划师•Risk Manager - 风险经理•Asset Manager - 资产经理•Underwriter - 承销商•Teller - 出纳员2.3 金融活动和操作•Open an Account - 开户•Close an Account - 销户•Make a Deposit - 存款•Withdraw Money - 取钱•Transfer Funds - 转账•Take out a Loan - 借款•Pay off a Loan - 还款•Invest in Stocks - 投资股票•Buy Bonds - 购买债券•Trade on the Stock Market - 在证券市场交易•Issue Shares - 发行股票•Apply for Insurance - 申请保险•Calculate Interest - 计算利息•Analyze Financial Statements - 分析财务报表•Audit Financial Records - 审计财务记录•Manage Risk - 管理风险•Plan for Retirement - 规划退休3. Investment and Trading3.1 投资和交易相关词汇•Portfolio - 投资组合•Dividend - 股息•Capital Gain - 资本收益•Hedge Fund - 对冲基金•Short Sell - 卖空•Day Trading - 日内交易•Leverage - 杠杆•Margin - 保证金•Diversification - 分散化投资•Blue-chip Stock - 蓝筹股•Bull Market - 牛市•Bear Market - 熊市•Volatility - 波动性•Volatility Index (VIX) - 波动率指数•Option - 期权•Futures - 期货•Commodity - 商品•Exchange-traded Fund (ETF) - 交易所交易基金3.2 金融市场•Stock Market - 股票市场•Bond Market - 债券市场•Forex Market - 外汇市场•Commodity Market - 商品市场•Derivatives Market - 衍生品市场•Cryptocurrency Market - 加密货币市场4. Risk Management4.1 风险管理相关词汇•Risk - 风险•Risk Assessment - 风险评估•Risk Tolerance - 风险承受能力•Risk Appetite - 风险偏好•Risk Mitigation - 风险缓解•Risk Diversification - 风险分散•Credit Risk - 信用风险•Market Risk - 市场风险•Operational Risk - 运营风险•Systemic Risk - 系统性风险•Liquidity Risk - 流动性风险•Reputation Risk - 声誉风险•Counterparty Risk - 对手方风险•Risk Management Plan - 风险管理计划•Risk Control - 风险控制5. Conclusion通过阅读和学习这个金融英语词汇大全,您已经了解了金融英语中最常用的词汇和表达方式。
金融资产组合(Portfolio) :指投资者持有的一组资产.一个资产多元化的投资组合通常会包含股票、债券、货币市场资产、现金以及实物资产如黄金等。
证券投资(Portfolio Investment) :国际收支中、资本帐下的一个项目,反映资本跨国进行证券投资的情况,与直接投资不同,后者涉及在国外设立公司开展业务,直接参与公司的经营管理.证券投资则一般只是被动地持有股票或债券。
投资组合经理(Portfolio Manager):替投资者管理资产组合的人,通常获授权在约定规范下自由运用资金.共同基金的投资组合经理负责执行投资策略,将资金投资在各类资产上.头寸(Position) :就证券投资而言,头寸是指在一项资产上做多(即拥有)或做空(即借入待还)的数量。
总资产收益率(ROTA) :资产收益率是企业净利润与平均资产总额地百分比,也叫资产回报率(ROA),它是用来衡量每单位资产创造多少净利润的指标。
其计算公式为:资产收益率=净利润/平均资产总额×100%;该指标越高,表明企业资产利用效果越好,说明企业在增加收入和节约资金使用等方面取得了良好的效果,否则相反。
整批交易(Round LotTrade):指按证券和商品在市场最普遍的交易单位(例如100股为一单位)进行的交易。
交易回合(Round Turn):指在同一市场上通过对两种证券或合约一买一卖,或一卖一买的交易两相抵消。
通常在计算手续费时会提及交易回合。
缩略语有资产担保的证券(ABS)国际外汇交易商协会(ACI)现货(Actuals)亚洲开发银行(ADB)美国预托证券(ADR)非洲开发银行(AFDB)年度股东大会(AGM)另类投资市场(AIM)明日(T/N)债券有资产担保的证券(ABS)卖方报价(Ask)最优价指令(At Best)平价(At Par)拍卖(Auction)回购利率(RepoRate)申报交易商(Reporting Dealer)债务重新安排(Rescheduling)备用贷款(Standby Loan)风险投资和新股发行增值性(Accretive)收购(Acquisition)共同行动(Acting in Concert)关联公司(Affiliate)另类投资市场(AIM)将公司资产拆卖(Asset Stripping)投资风险极高(Toxic)认购不足(Undersubscribed)承销商(Underwriter)技术分析收集(Accumulation)分析师(Analyst)柱状图(Bar Chart) :柱状图(Histogram)也叫直方图,是一种统计报告图,由一系列高度不等的纵向条纹表示数据分布的情况。
常见的金融词汇中英对照1. 金融市场 (Financial Markets)金融市场是指用于实现资金交易和资金融通的场所,包括股票市场、债券市场、外汇市场和商品市场等。
•股票市场 (Stock Market): the market for buying and selling shares of publicly traded companies.•债券市场 (Bond Market): the market for buying and selling bonds.•外汇市场 (Foreign Exchange Market): the market for trading foreign currencies.•商品市场 (Commodity Market): the market for trading commodities such as oil, gold, and agricultural products.2. 资本市场 (Capital Market)资本市场是指长期融资和投资的市场,包括股票市场和债券市场等。
•股票市场 (Stock Market): the market for buying and selling shares of publicly traded companies.•债券市场 (Bond Market): the market for buying and selling bonds.3. 证券 (Securities)证券是指可以转让和交易的金融工具,包括股票、债券、证券投资基金等。
•股票 (Stocks): shares of ownership in a company that can be bought and sold on a stock market.•债券 (Bonds): debt securities issued by governments, corporations, or other organizations to raise capital.•证券投资基金 (Mutual Funds): investment funds that pool money from multiple investors to invest in a diversified portfolio of stocks, bonds, orother securities.4. 风险管理 (Risk Management)风险管理是指识别、评估和处理金融交易和投资中的各种风险,以减少损失和提高效益。
经济学专业术语(中英文对照)目录1. 经济学原理 (2)2. 像经济学家一样思考 (2)3. 相互依存性与贸易的好处 (3)4. 供给与需求的市场力量 (3)5. 弹性及其应用 (4)6. 供给需求与政策 (4)7. 消费者、生产者与市场效率 (4)8. 赋税的应用 (4)9. 国际贸易 (5)10. 外部性 (5)11. 公共物品和公共资源 (5)12. 税制设计 (5)13. 生产成本 (6)14. 竞争市场上的企业 (7)15. 垄断 (7)16. 垄断竞争 (7)17. 寡头 (7)18. 生产要素市场 (8)19. 收入与歧视 (8)20. 收入不平等与贫困 (8)21. 消费者选择理论 (9)22. 微观经济学前沿 (9)23. 一国收入的衡量 (10)24. 生活费用的衡量 (10)25. 生产与增长 (10)26. 储蓄、投资和金融体系 (11)27. 金融学的基本工具 (11)28. 失业 (12)29. 货币制度 (12)30. 货币增长与通货膨胀 (13)31. 开放经济的宏观经济学 (14)32. 开放经济的宏观经济理论 (14)33. 总需求与总供给 (14)34. 货币政策和财政政策对总需求影响 (15)35. 通胀与失业之间的短期权衡取舍 (15)1.经济学原理经济:(economy)稀缺性:(scarcity)经济学:(economics)效率:(efficiency)平等:(equality)机会成本:(opporyunity cost)理性人:(rational people)边际变动:(marginal change)边际收益:(marginal benefit)边际成本:(marginal cost)激励:(incentive)市场经济:(market economy)产权:(property rights)市场失灵:(market failure)外部性:(externality)市场势力:(market power)生产率:(productivity)通货膨胀:(inflation)经济周期:(business cycle)2.像经济学家一样思考循环流量图:(circular-flow diagram)生产可能性边界:(production possibilities)微观经济学:(microeconomics)宏观经济学:(macroeconomics)实证表述:(positive statements)规范表述:(normative statements)有序数对:(ordered pair)3.相互依存性与贸易的好处绝对优势:(absolute advantage)机会成本:(apportunity cost)比较优势:(comparative advantage)进口品:(imports)出口品:(exports)4.供给与需求的市场力量市场:(market)竞争市场:(competitive market)需求量:(quantity demand)需求定理:(law of demand)需求表:(demand schedule)需求曲线:(demand curve)正常物品:(normal good)低档物品:(inferior good)替代品:(substitutes)互补品:(complements)供给量:(quantity supplied)供给定理:(law of supply)供给表:(supply schedule)供给曲线:(supply curve)均衡:(equilibrium)均衡价格:(equilibrium price)均衡数量:(equilibrium quantity)过剩:(surplus)短缺:(shortage)供求定理:(law of supply and demand)5.弹性及其应用弹性:(elasticity)需求价格弹性:(price elasticity of demand)总收益:(total revenue)需求收入弹性:(income elasticity)需求的交叉价格弹性:(cross-price elasticity)供给价格弹性:(price elasticity of supply)6.供给需求与政策价格上限:(price ceiling)价格下限:(price floor)税收归宿:(tax incidence)7.消费者、生产者与市场效率福利经济学:(welfare economics)支付意愿:(willingness to pay)消费者剩余:(consumer surplus)成本:(cost)生产者剩余:(producer surplus)效率:(efficiency)平等:(equality)8.赋税的应用无谓损失:(deadweight loss)9.国际贸易世界价格:(world price)关税:(tariff)10.外部性外部性:(externality)外部性内在化:(internalizing the externality)矫正税:(corrective taxes)科斯定理:(coase theorem)交易成本:(transaction cost)11.公共物品和公共资源排他性:(excludability)消费中的竞争性:(rivalry in consumption)私人物品:(private goods)公共物品:(public goods)公共资源:(common resources)俱乐部物品:(club goods)搭便车者:(free rider)成本-收益分析:(cost-benefit analysis)公地悲剧:(tragedy of commons)12.税制设计纳税义务:(tax lianility)预算赤字:(budget defict)预算盈余:(budget surplus)平均税率:(average tax rate)边际税率:(marginal tax rate)定额税:(lump-sum tax)受益原则:(benefits principle)支付能力原则:(ability-to-pay principle)纵向平等:(vertical equity)横向平等:(horizontal equity)比例税:(proportional tax)累退税:(regressive tax)累进税:(progressive tax)13.生产成本总收益:(total revenue)总成本:(total cost)利润:(profit)显性成本:(explicit costs)隐性成本:(implicit costs)经济利润:(economic profit)会计利润:(counting profit)生产函数:(production function)边际产量:(marginal product)边际产量递减:(diminishing marginal product)固定成本:(fixed costs)可变成本:(variable costs)平均总成本:(average total cost)平均固定成本:(average fixed costs)平均可变成本:(average variable costs)边际成本:(marginal cost)有效规模:(efficient scale)规模经济:(economies of scale)规模不经济:(diseconomies of scale)规模收益不变:(constant returns to scale) 14.竞争市场上的企业竞争市场:(competitive market)平均收益:(average revenue)边际收益:(marginal revenue)沉没成本:(sunk revenue)15.垄断垄断企业:(monopoly)自然垄断:(natural monopoly)价格歧视:(price discrimination)16.垄断竞争寡头:(oligopoly)垄断竞争:(monopolistic competition) 17.寡头博弈论:(game theory)勾结:(collusion)卡特尔:(cartel)纳什均衡:(Nash equilibrium)囚徒困境:(prisoners’ dilemma)占优策略:(dominant strategy)18.生产要素市场生产要素:(factors of production)生产函数:(production function)劳动的边际产量:(marginal product of labor)边际产量递减:(diminishing marginal product)边际产量值:(value of the marginal product)资本:(capital)19.收入与歧视补偿性工资差别:(compensating differential)人力资本:(human capital)工会:(union)罢工:(strike)效率工资:(efficiency)歧视:(discrimination)20.收入不平等与贫困贫困率:(poverty rate)贫困率:(poverty line)实物转移支付:(in-kind transfers)生命周期:(life cycle)持久收入:(permanent income)功利主义:(utilitariansm)效用:(utilitariansm)自由主义:(liberalism)最大最小准则:(maximin criterion)负所得税:(negative income tax)福利:(welfare)社会保险:(social insurance)自由至上主义:(libertarianism)21.消费者选择理论预算约束线:(budget constraint)无差异曲线:(indiffernnce curve)边际替代率:(marginal rate of subtitution)完全替代品:(perfect substitudes)完全互补品:(perfect complements)正常物品:(normal good)低档物品:(inferior good)收入效应:(income effect)替代效应:(substitution effect)吉芬物品:(Giffen good)22.微观经济学前沿道德风险:(moral hazard)代理人:(agent)委托人:(principal)逆向选择:(adverse selection)发信号:(signaling)筛选:(screening)政治经济学:(political economy)康多塞悖论:(condorcet paradox)阿罗不可能性定理:(Arrow’s impossibility)中值选民定理:(median vater theorem)行为经济学:(behavioral economics)23.一国收入的衡量微观经济学:(microeconomics)宏观经济学:(macroeconomics)国内生产总值:(gross domestic product,GDP)消费:(consumption)投资:(investment)政府购买:(government purchase)净出口:(net export)名义GDP:(nominal GDP)真实GDP:(real GDP)GDP平减指数:(GDP deflator)24.生活费用的衡量消费物价指数:(consumer price index,CPI)通货膨胀率:(inflation rate)生产物价指数:(produer price index,PPI)指数化:(indexation)生活费用津贴:(cost-of-living allowance,COLA)名义利率:(nominal interest rate)25.生产与增长生产率:(productivity)物质资本:(physical capital)人力资本:(human capital)自然资源:(natural resources)技术知识:(technological knoeledge)收益递减:(diminishing returns)追赶效应:(catch-up effect)26.储蓄、投资和金融体系金融体系:(financial system)金融市场:(financial markets)债券:(bond)股票:(stock)金融中介机构:(financial intermediaries)共同基金:(mutual fund)国民储蓄:(national saving)私人储蓄:(private saving)公共储蓄:(public saving)预算盈余:(budget surplus)预算赤字:(budget deficit)可贷资金市场:(market for loanable funds)挤出:(crowding out)27.金融学的基本工具金融学:(finance)现值:(present value)终值:(future value)复利:(compounding)风险厌恶:(risk aversion)多元化:(diversification)企业特有风险:(firm-specific risk)市场风险:(market risk)基本面风险:(fundamental analysis)有效市场假说:(efficient markets by pothesis)信息有效:(informational efficiency)随机游走:(random walk)28.失业劳动力:(laborforce)失业率:(unemployment rate)劳动力参与率:(labor-force participation rate)自然失业率:(natural rate of unemployment)周期性失业:(cyclical unemployment)失去信心的工人:(discouraged workers)摩擦性失业:(frictional unemployment)结构性失业:(structural unemployment)寻找工作:(job search)失业保险:(unemployment insurance)工会:(union)集体谈判:(collective bargaining)罢工:(strike)效率工资:(essiciency wages)29.货币制度货币:(money)交换媒介:(medium of exchange)计价单位:(unit of account)价值储藏手段:(store of value)流动性:(liquidity)商品货币:(commodity money)法定货币:(fiat money)通货:(currency)活期存款:(demand deposits)联邦储备局:(Federal Reserve)中央银行:(central bank)货币供给:(money supply)货币政策:(monetary policy)准备金:(reserves)部分准备金银行:(fractional-reserve banking)准备金率:(reserve ratio)货币乘数:(money multiplier)银行资本:(bank capital)杠杆:(leverage)杠杆率:(leverage ratio)资本需要量:(capital requirement)公开市场操作:(open-market operations)贴现率:(discount rate)法定准备金:(reserve requirements)补充金融计划:(supplementary financing program)联邦基金利率:(federal funds rate)30.货币增长与通货膨胀铲除通胀:(whip Inflation Now)货币数量论:(quantity theory of money)名义变量:(nominal variables)真实变量:(real variables)古典二分法:(classiacl dichotomy)货币中性:(monetary neutrality)货币流通速度:(velocity of money)数量方程式:(quantity equation)通货膨胀税:(inflation tax)费雪效应:(Fisher effect)皮鞋成本:(shoeleather cost)菜单成本:(menu costs)31.开放经济的宏观经济学封闭经济:(closed economy)开放经济:(open economy)出口:(exports)净出口:(net exports)贸易余额:(trade balance)贸易盈余:(trade surplus)贸易平衡:(balanced trade)贸易赤字:(trade deficit)资本净流出:(net capital outflow)名义汇率:(nominal exchange rate)升值:(appreciation)贬值:(depreciation)真实汇率:(real exchange rate)购买力平价:(purchasing-power parity)32.开放经济的宏观经济理论贸易政策:(trade policy)资本外逃:(capital flight)33.总需求与总供给衰退:(recession)萧条:(depression)总需求与总供给模型:(model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply)总需求曲线:(aggregate-demand curve)总供给曲线:(aggregate-supply curve)自然产出水平:(natural level of output)滞胀:(stagflation)34.货币政策和财政政策对总需求影响流动性偏好理论:(theory of liquidity)财政政策:(fisical policy)乘数效应:(multiplier effect)挤出效应:(crowding-out effect)自动稳定器:(automatic stabilizers)35.通胀与失业之间的短期权衡取舍菲利普斯曲线:(phillips curve)自然率假说:(natural-rate hypothesis)供给冲击:(supply shock)牺牲率:(sacrifice ratio)理性预期:(rational expectations)。
金融专业英语词汇大全一、基本金融术语1. 金融(Finance):指货币的筹集、分配和管理活动。
2. 银行(Bank):提供存款、贷款、支付结算等金融服务的机构。
3. 证券(Securities):代表财产所有权或债权的凭证,如股票、债券等。
4. 投资(Investment):将资金投入到某个项目或资产,以获取收益的行为。
5. 债务(Debt):借款人向债权人承诺在一定期限内偿还本息的义务。
6. 股票(Stock):股份有限公司发行的,代表股东对公司所有权和收益分配权的凭证。
7. 债券(Bond):债务人向债权人发行的,承诺按一定利率支付利息并在到期日偿还本金的债务凭证。
8. 利率(Interest Rate):资金的价格,反映资金借贷的成本。
9. 汇率(Exchange Rate):一种货币兑换另一种货币的比率。
10. 通货膨胀(Inflation):货币购买力下降,物价普遍持续上涨的现象。
二、金融衍生品词汇1. 金融衍生品(Financial Derivatives):基于现货金融工具派生出来的新型金融工具。
2. 期货(Futures):双方约定在未来某一时间、按约定的价格买卖某种标的物的合约。
3. 期权(Options):买卖双方在未来一定期限内,按约定价格买入或卖出某种标的物的权利。
4. 掉期(Swap):双方约定在未来某一时间,相互交换一系列现金流的合约。
5. 远期合约(Forward Contract):双方约定在未来某一时间、按约定的价格买卖某种标的物的合约。
三、金融机构及监管部门词汇1. 中央银行(Central Bank):国家金融政策制定和执行的机构,如中国人民银行。
2. 商业银行(Commercial Bank):以盈利为目的,提供存款、贷款、支付结算等金融服务的银行。
3. 证券公司(Securities Company):从事证券经纪、投资咨询、资产管理等业务的金融机构。
经济学:是研究一个社会如何决定生产,怎样生产和怎样分配的一门社会学科。
Economics:The study of how society decides what gets produced and how, and who gets what.微观经济学:研究个体经济单位如个人、企业的行为决策。
Microeconomics :The branch of economics that studies the behavior of individual decision-making units such as households and business firms.宏观经济学:研究所有的个人、企业作为总体货总量时的行为决策。
Macroeconomics :The branch of economics that studies the aggregate, or total, behavior of all households and firms.金融:研究金融体系如何协调并融通借贷资金,以及金融中介在此过程中进行的资金创造。
Finance:The study of how the financial system coordinates and channels the flow of funds from lenders to borrowers—and vice versa—and how new funds are created by financial intermediaries during the borrowing process.放松管制:废除或逐步撤销现有的管制。
Deregulation:The removing or phasing out of existing regulations.货币:可以接受且通常用来交换商品和服务的交换工具。
Money:Something acceptable and generally used as payment for goods and services.储蓄:收入中未被消费的部分。
金融学专业术语中英文B 半强式效率semi-strong efficiency 指在证券价格充分反映了所有的公开信息(包括历史价格和交易情况,但不局限于此。
)半通货膨胀Semi-inflation 当经济逐渐接近充分就业时,货币供给增加所形成的过度总需求一方面使产出增加,另一方面又使价格逐渐上升。
保险合约insurance contract 是保险公司与被保险人之间签订的当某一事件发生时按约定的费率给予被保险人赔偿的合约。
本金principal 本期收益率current yield 本位币standard money 按照国家规定的金属、单位货币的名称和重量铸造的货币。
边际储蓄倾向Marginal Propensity to Save ,MPS 反映可支配收入每增加以单位时储蓄支出增加的数量。
边际消费倾向Marginal Propensity to Concume ,MPC 反映可支配收入每增加一个单位时小分支出增加的数量。
补偿性公共支出compensatory public spending 政府财政预算应于社会经济条件保持相同的步调,即政府应在萧条期间实施结构性预算赤字的政策,而在经济繁荣时,就要保持适当的盈余。
不动产信用控制real estate credit control 指中央银行对商业银行等金融机构向客户提供不动产抵押贷款的管理 措施。
C 财富效应wealth effect 财富变动对消费和储蓄倾向的影响。
财务担保guarantee 贷款人要求担保人为借款人的借款提供经济担保,当借款人无力偿还借款时,由担保人负责偿还的一种经济合同。
财务公司financial company 通过发行商业票据、股票或从银行借款获得资金,再利用这些资金对个人或企业进行小额贷款。
财政赤字论fiscal deficit theory 克鲁格曼(Krugman,1979)提出财政赤字导致货币危机的理论。
财政性通货膨胀理论fiscal inflation theory 通过财政政策来鼓励通货膨胀的理论。
金融行业常用英语词汇全解金融行业英语词汇1.银行业务储蓄账户 savings account支票账户 checking account定期存款 time deposit活期存款 demand deposit贷款 loan信用卡 credit card银行保证金 bank margin银行短期利率 bank short rate银行资本 bank capital2. 证券交易股票 stock债券 bond证券交易所 stock exchange保证金交易 margin transaction股票期权 stock option市价委托 market order止损委托 stop loss order3. 期货和期权期货 futures期权 options期货合约 futures contract期权合约 options contract交割 delivery权利金 option premium保证金 margin4. 投资管理投资组合 investment portfolio 资产配置 asset allocation风险评估 risk assessment投资收益 investment return 资本增值 capital appreciation 价值投资 value investing成长投资 growth investing 5. 保险产品人寿保险 life insurance健康保险 health insurance汽车保险 auto insurance财产保险 property insurance 责任保险 liability insurance保险单 insurance policy保险费 insurance premium 6. 信贷与债务信贷 credit债务 debt信用评级 credit rating债务人 debtor债权人 creditor抵押贷款 mortgage loan商业贷款 commercial loan 7. 宏观经济指标国内生产总值 GDP消费者物价指数 CPI生产者物价指数 PPI失业率 unemployment rate利率 interest rate通货膨胀率 inflation rate法定准备金率 reserve requirement ratio 货币政策 monetary policy。
金融行业中英文词汇对照汇总在金融行业中,掌握和了解中英文词汇的对照非常重要。
本文将汇总一些常见的金融行业词汇,以便读者可以更好地理解和运用这些术语。
1. 金融市场•Financial Market(金融市场)•Stock Market(股票市场)•Bond Market(债券市场)•Foreign Exchange Market(外汇市场)•Commodity Market(商品市场)•Derivatives Market(衍生品市场)2. 金融产品•Stocks(股票)•Bonds(债券)•Mutual Funds(共同基金)•ETFs (Exchange-Traded Funds)(交易所交易基金)•Options(期权)•Futures(期货)•Swaps(掉期协议)•Currencies(货币)•Commodities(商品)3. 金融机构•Bank(银行)•Commercial Bank(商业银行)•Investment Bank(投资银行)•Central Bank(中央银行)•Insurance Company(保险公司)•Brokerage Firm(经纪公司)•Asset Management Company(资产管理公司)4. 财务指标•Net Income(净利润)•Revenue(营业收入)•Expenses(费用)•Assets(资产)•Liabilities(负债)•Equity(股东权益)•Return on Investment(投资回报率)•Profit Margin(利润率)•Cash Flow(现金流)•Earnings per Share(每股收益)5. 金融服务•Banking Services(银行服务)•Investment Services(投资服务)•Insurance Services(保险服务)•Financial Planning(财务规划)•Wealth Management(财富管理)•Risk Management(风险管理)•Retirement Planning(退休规划)•Tax Services(税务服务)6. 金融专业名词•Economics(经济学)•Finance(金融学)•Accounting(会计学)•Portfolio Management(投资组合管理)•Asset Allocation(资产配置)•Risk Assessment(风险评估)•Hedge Fund(对冲基金)•Interest Rate(利率)•Inflation(通胀)•Capital(资本)7. 国际金融相关词汇•International Monetary Fund(国际货币基金组织)•World Bank(世界银行)•Export(出口)•Import(进口)•Balance of Trade(贸易差额)•Foreign Direct Investment(外国直接投资)•Exchange Rate(汇率)•Trade Surplus(贸易顺差)•Trade Deficit(贸易逆差)•Sovereign Debt(主权债务)以上仅为一些常见的金融行业中英文词汇对照,读者可以根据需要进一步扩充和学习。
金融学专业专业英语一.专业词汇(150个)1. active securities热头股票2. corporate bonds公司债券3.retained earnings 未分配盈利4.time horizon投资期5.currency swap 货币掉期6.additional insurance 附加保险7.amount in words大写金额8.beneficiary payee受款人9.trade deficit 贸易逆差10. maximum limit of overdraft 透支额度11.bonds 债券,债票12.bonus share 红股13.discount rate 折扣率;贴现率mercial loan 商业贷款15.default fine 违约罚金16.across the board 全盘的17.bubble economy 泡沫经济18.bull market 牛市19.dividend 股息;分红20.active capital 活动资本21.savings accounts 储蓄存款帐户22.credit balance 贷方余额23.loan amount 贷款额24.cheque drawer 支票出票人25.credit cards 信用卡26.credit agreement 信贷协定27.reserve ratio 存款准备金比率28.issue bank 发行银行29.savings deposit 储蓄存款30.fixed deposit (=time deposit) 定期存款31.demand-deposit or checking-accounts 活期存款32. cash register 现金登记机,现金收入记录机,收银机33. dual trading 双重交易34. dumping 抛售35. financial world 金融界36. financial transaction 金融业务37.financial statement analysis 财务报表分析38. financial risk 金融风险39. financial lease 金融租赁40. electronic debts 电子借贷41.fundamental insurance 基本险42. future 期货43.futures commission merchants 期货经纪公司44.futures contract 期货合约45.futures delivery 期货交割46.futures margin 期货保证金47.futures market 期货市场48.futures price 期货价格49.futures transaction 期货交易50. cash receipts (CR) 现金收入51. cash receipts journal 现金收入日记帐52.cash records 现金记录53.cash ratio 现金比率54. draw 提款55. draw cheque 签发票据56. easy credit 放松信贷57.online-finance 在线金融58.online client (银行的)网上客户59.paper profit 帐面收益60.physical assets 有形资产61.project fund system 项目资本金制度62.share(stock) option 期权,股票认购权63. money-market 短期资本市场64. switch trade 转手贸易65. virtual bank 虚拟银行66. pension fund 养老基金67. venture-capital 风险资本ernment bond 政府债券69. shareholder 股东70. cook the book 做假帐71.regulatory system 监管体系72. audit 审计73. accounting firm 会计事务所74.Great Depression 大萧条75. recapitalize 资产重组76. automatic transfers between accounts 自动转帐77. balance 结余,差额,平衡78.bank balance 存款余额79.insurance contract 保險契約,保險合同80.insurance salesman 保險外勤81.insurance services 保險業務82.insure against fire 保火險83.appointed bank 外汇指定银行84.appreciation of exchange rate 汇率升值85.arbitrage 套利86.arbitrage of exchange 套汇87.arbitrage opportunity 套价机会88.arbitrage risks 套汇风险89.aftermarket 次级市场90.Interbank market 银行同业市场91.interest rate futures contract 利率期货合约92.interest rate policy 利率政策93.interest rate position 利率头寸94.interest rate risk 利率风险95.interest restriction 利息限制96.interest subsidy 利息补贴97.Industry and Commercial Bank 工商银行98.Swiss Bank Corporation 瑞士银行99.Standard Chartered bank 渣打银行100.Agricultural Bank of China 农业银行101.National City Bank of New York 花旗银行102.Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corp 汇丰银行103.foreign exchange crisis 外汇危机104.foreign exchange cushion 外汇缓冲105.foreign exchange dumping 外汇倾销106.foreign exchange earnings 外汇收入107.foreign exchange liabilities 外汇负债108.foreign exchange loans 外汇贷款109.foreign exchange parity 外汇平价110.foreign exchange quotations 外汇行情111.foreign exchange regulations 外汇条例112.foreign exchange reserves 外汇储备113.foreign exchange restrictions 外汇限制114.income in kind 实物所得115.income tax liabilities 所得稅債務116.income taxes 所得稅117.indemnity 賠償,補償118.indirect arbitrage 間接套匯119.insurance broker 保險經紀人120.insured 被保險人121.reserve 储备122.note 票据123.discount贴现124.circulate流通125.central bank 中央银行126.credit union 信用合作社127.paper currency 纸币128.credit creation 信用创造129.branch banking 银行分行制130.out of circulation 退出流通131.capital stock股本132.the gold standard金本位133.deficit 亏损134.default不履约135.auction拍卖136.collateralize担保137.markup价格的涨幅138.dealer交易员139.broker经纪人140.face amount面值141.floating-rate 浮动比率142.premium升水143.discount贴水144.deficit赤字145. funds statement 资金表146.capital movements资本流动147.foreign exchange dealings外汇交易148.balance of payment国际收支149.forward rate远期汇率150.cross rate交叉汇率二、专业英语句子翻译(20句):1.The more profitable the company is, the easier to raise funds for the buyout.公司越有投资价值,越容易筹款收购。
Back-door listing 借壳上市Back-end load 撤离费;后收费用Back office 后勤办公室Back to back FX agreement 背靠背外汇协议Balance of payments 国际收支平衡;收支结余Balance of trade 贸易平衡Balance sheet 资产负债表Balance sheet date 年结日Balloon maturity 到期大额偿还Balloon payment 期末大额偿还Bank, Banker, Banking 银行;银行家;银行业国际结算银行Bank forInternational Settlements(BIS)Bankruptcy 破产Base day 基准日Base rate 基准利率Basel Capital Accord 巴塞尔资本协议Basis Point (BP) 基点;点子一个基点等如一个百分点(%)的百分之一。
举例:25个基点=0.25%Basis swap 基准掉期Basket of currencies 一揽子货币Basket warrant 一揽子备兑证Bear market 熊市;股市行情看淡Bear position 空仓;空头Bear raid 疯狂抛售Bearer 持票人Bearer stock 不记名股票Behind-the-scene 未开拓市场Below par 低于平值Benchmark 比较基准Benchmark mortgage pool 按揭贷款基准组合Beneficiary 受益人Bermudan option 百慕大期权百慕大期权介乎美式与欧式之间,持有人有权在到期日前的一个或多个日期执行期权。
Best practice 最佳做法;典范做法Beta (Market beta) 贝他(系数);市场风险指数Bid 出价;投标价;买盘指由买方报出表示愿意按此水平买入的一个价格。
金融学专业词汇(中英文对照)目录1. 货币与货币制度 (3)2. 国际货币体系与汇率制度 (4)3. 信用、利息与信用形成 (5)4. 金融范畴的形成与发展 (7)5. 金融中介体系 (7)6. 存款货币银行 (9)7. 中央银行 (10)8. 金融市场 (10)9. 资本市场 (13)10. 金融体系结构 (14)11. 金融基础设施 (14)12. 利率的决定作用 (15)13. 货币需求 (16)14. 现代货币的创造机制 (17)15. 货币供给 (17)16. 货币均衡 (18)17. 开放经济的均衡 (18)18. 通货膨胀和通货紧缩 (19)19. 货币政策 (20)20. 货币政策与财政政策的配合 (21)21. 开放条件下的政策搭配与协调 (22)22. 利率的风险结构与期限结构 (22)23. 资产组合与资产定价 (23)24. 商业银行业务与管理 (25)25. 货币经济与实际经济 (26)26. 金融发展与经济增长 (26)27. 金融脆弱性与金融危机 (27)28. 金融监管 (27)1.货币与货币制度货币:(currency)外汇:(foreign exchange)铸币:(coin)银行券:(banknote)纸币:(paper currency)存款货币:(deposit money)价值尺度:(measure of values)货币单位:(currency unit)货币购买力:(purchasing power of money)购买力平价:(purchasing power parity,PPP)流通手段:(means of circulation)购买手段:(means of purchasing)交易的媒介:(media of exchange)支付手段:(means of payment)货币需求:(demand for money)货币流通速度:(velocity of money)保存价值:(store of value)汇率:(exchange rate)一般等价物:(universal equivalent)流动性:(liquidity)通货:(currency)准货币:(quasi money)货币制度:(monetary system)本位制:(standard)金本位:(gold standard)造币:(coinage)铸币税:(seigniorage)本位币:(standard money)辅币:(fractional money)货币法偿能力:(legal tender powers)复本位制:(bimetallic standard)金汇兑本位:(gold exchange standard)金平价:(gold parity)金块本位制:(gold bullion standard)2.国际货币体系与汇率制度浮动汇率制:(floating exchange rate regime)货币局制度:(currency board arrangement)联系汇率制度:(linked exchange rate system)美元化:(dollarization)最优通货区理论:(theory of optimum currency area)货币消亡:(money disappearance)外汇:(foreign currency)外汇管理:(exchange regulation)外汇管制:(exchange control)可兑换:(convertibility)不可兑换:(inconvertibility)经常项目:(current account)资本项目:(capital account)汇率:(exchange rate)牌价:(posted price)直接标价法:(direct quotation)间接标价法:(indirect quotation)单一汇率:(unitary exchange rate)多重汇率:(multiple exchange rate)市场汇率:(market exchange rate)官方汇率:(official exchange rate)黑市:(black market)固定汇率:(fixed exchange rate)浮动汇率:(floating exchange rate)管理浮动:(managed float)盯住汇率制度:(pegged exchange rate regime)固定钉住:(fixed peg)在水平带内的盯住:(pegged within horizontal bands)爬行钉住:(crawling peg)外汇指定银行:(designated foreign exchange bank)货币的对外价值:(external value of exchange)货币的对内价值:(internal value of exchange)名义汇率:(nominal exchange rate)实际汇率:(real exchange rate)铸币平价:(mint parity)金平价:(gold parity)黄金输送点:(gold transport point)国际借贷说:(theory of international indebtedness)流动债权:(current claim)流动负债:(current liablity)国际收支说:(theory of balance payment)汇兑心理说:(psychology theory of exchange rate)货币分析说:(monetary approach)金融资产说:(portfolio theory of exchange rate determination)利率平价理论:(theory of interest rate parity)外汇风险:(exchange risk)中国的外汇调剂:(foreign exchange swap)3.信用、利息与信用形成信用:(credit)利息:(interest)收益:(yield)资本化:(capitalization of interest)高利贷:(usury)利率:(interest rate)债权:(claim)债务:(debt obligation)借入:(borrowing)贷出:(lending)盈余:(surplus)赤字:(deficit)跨时预算约束:(intertemporal budget constraint)资金流量:(flow of funds)部门:(sector)借贷资本:(loan capital)实体:(real)商业信用:(commercial credit)银行信用:(bank credit)本票:(promissory note)汇票:(bill of exchange)商业本票:(commercial paper)商业汇票:(commercial bill)承兑:(acceptance)背书:(endorsement)直接融资:(direct finance)间接融资:(indirect finance)短期国库卷:(treasury bill)中期国库卷:(treasury note)长期国库卷:(treasury bond)国债:(national debt)公债:(public debt)资本输出:(export of capital)国际资本流动:(international capital flow)国外商业性借贷:(foreign direct investment,FDI)国际游资:(hot money)4.金融范畴的形成与发展财政:(public finance)公司理财:(corporate finance)投资:(investment)保险:(insurance)财产保险:(property insurance)人身保险:(mutual life insurance)相互人寿保险:(mutual life insurance)信托:(trust)租赁:(leasing)5.金融中介体系金融中介:(financial intermediary)金融机构:(financial institution)借者:(borrower)贷者:(lender)货币中介:(monetary intermediation)权益资本:(equity capital)中央银行:(central bank)货币当局:(monetary authority)存款货币银行:(deposit money bank)商业银行:(commercial bank)投资银行:(investment bank)商人银行:(merchant bank)财务公司:(financial companies)储蓄银行:(saving bank)抵押银行:(mortgage bank)信用合作社:(credit cooperative)保险业:(insurance industry)跨国银行:(multinational bank)代表处:(representative office)经理处:(agency)分行:(branch)子银行:(subsidiary)联营银行:(affiliate)国际财团银行:(consortium bank)中国人民银行:(People’s Bank of China)政策性银行:(policy banks)国有商业银行:(state-owned commercial banks)资产管理公司:(assets management company)证券公司:(securities company)券商:(securities dealer)农村信用合作社:(rural credit cooperatives)城市信用合作社:(urban credit cooperatives)信托投资公司:(trust and investment companies)信托:(trust)金融租赁:(financial leasing)邮政储蓄:(postal savings)财产保险:(property insurance)商业保险:(commercial insurance)社会保险:(social insurance)保险深度:(insurance intensity)保险密度:(insurance density)投资基金:(investment funds)证券投资基金:(security funds)封闭式基金:(closed-end investment funds)开放式基金:(open-end investment funds)私募基金:(private placement)风险投资基金:(venture funds)特别提款权:(special drawing right,SDR)国有化:(nationalization)6.存款货币银行货币兑换商:(money dealer)银行业:(banking)贴现率:(discount rate)职能分工型商业银行:(functional division commercial bank)全能型商业银行:(multi-function commercial bank)综合性商业银行:(comprehensive commercial bank)单元银行制度:(unit banking system)总分行制度:(branch banking system)代理行制度:(correspondent banking system)银行控股公司制度:(share holding banking system)连锁银行制度:(chains banking system)金融创新:(financial innovation)自动转账制度:(automatic transfer services,ATS)可转让支付命令账户:(negotiable order of withdrawal account,NOW)货币市场互助基金:(money market mutual fund,MMMF)货币市场存款账户:(money market deposit account,MMDA)不良债权:(bad claim)坏账:(bad loan)不良贷款:(non-performing loans,NPL)存款保险制度:(deposit insurance system)金融资本:(financial capital)7.中央银行中央银行:(central bank)一元式中央银行制度:(unit central bank system)二元式中央银行制度:(dual central bank system)复合中央银行制度:(compound central bank system)跨国中央银行制度:(multinational central bank system)发行的银行:(bank of issue)银行的银行:(bank of bank)最后贷款人:(lender of last resort)再贴现:(rediscount)在抵押:(recollateralize)国家的银行:(the state bank)8.金融市场金融市场:(financial market)证券化:(securitization)金融资产:(financial assets)金融工具:(financial instruments)金融产品:(financial products)衍生金融产品:(derivative financial products)原生金融产品:(underlying financial products)流动性:(liquidity)变现:(encashment)买卖差价:(bid-ask spread)做市商:(market marker)到期日:(due date)信用风险:(credit risk)市场风险:(market risk)名义收益率:(nominal yield)现时收益率:(current yield)平均收益率:(average yield)内在价值:(intrinsic value)直接融资:(direct finance)间接融资:(indirect finance)货币市场:(money market)资本市场:(capital market)现货市场:(spot market)期货市场:(futures market)机构投资人:(institutional investor)资信度:(credit standing)融通票据:(financial paper)银行承兑票据:(bank acceptance)贴现:(discount)大额存单:(certificates of desposit,CDs)回购:(counterpurchase)回购协议:(repurchase agreement)隔夜:(overnight)银行同业间拆借市场:(interbank market)合约:(contract)远期:(forward)期货:(futures)期权:(options)看涨期权:(call option)看跌期权:(put option)期权费:(option premium)互换:(swap)投资基金:(investment funds)契约型基金:(contractual type investment fund)单位型基金:(unit funds)基金型基金:(funding funds)公司型基金:(corporate type investment fund)投资管理公司:(investment management company)共同基金:(mutual fund)对冲基金:(hedge fund)风投基金:(venture fund)权益投资:(equity investment)收益基金:(income funds)增长基金:(growth funds)长期增长基金:(long-term growth funds)高增长基金:(go-go groeth funds)货币市场基金:(money market funds)养老基金:(pension fund)外汇市场:(foreign exchange market)风险资本:(venture capital)权益资本:(equity capital)私人权益资本市场:(private equity market)有限合伙制:(limited partnership)交易发起:(deal origination)筛选投资机会:(screening)评价:(evaluation)交易设计:(deal structure)投资后管理:(post-investment activities)创业板市场:(growth enterprise market,GEM)二板市场:(secondary board market)金融创新:(financial innovation)金融自由化:(financial liberalization)全球化:(globalization)离岸金融市场:(off-shore financial center)9.资本市场权益:(equity)剩余索取权:(residual claims)证券交易所:(stock exchange)交割:(delivery)过户:(transfer ownership)场外交易市场:(over the counter,OTC)金融债券:(financial bond)抵押债券:(mortgage bond)担保信托债券:(collateral trust bonds)信用债券:(trust bonds)次等信用债券:(subordinated debenture)担保债券:(guaranteed bonds)初级市场:(primary market)二级市场:(secondary market)公募:(public offering)私募:(private offering)有价证券:(security)面值:(face value)市值:(market value)股票价格指数:(share price index)有效市场假说:(effective market hypothesis)弱有效市场:(weak efficient market)中度有效市场:(semi-efficient market)强有效市场:(strong efficient market)股份公司:(stock certificate)股票:(stock certificate)股东:(stock holder)所有权:(ownership)经营权:(right of management)10.金融体系结构功能主义金融观:(perspective of financial function)金融体系格局:(pattern of financial system)激励:(incentive)公司治理:(corporate governance)路径依赖:(path dependency)市场主导型:(market-oriented type)银行主导型:(banking-oriented type)参与成本:(participative cost)影子银行体系:(the shadow banking system)11.金融基础设施金融基础设施:(financial infrastructures)支付清算系统:(payment and clearing system)跨境支付系统:(cross-border inter-bank payment system,CIPS)全额实时结算:(real time gross system)净额批量清算:(bulk transfer net system)大额资金转账系统:(whole sale funds transfer system)小额定时结算系统:(fixed time retail system)票据交换所:(clearing house)金融市场基础设施:(financial market infrastructures)中央交易对手:(central counterparties,CCPs)双边清算体系:(bilateral clearing system)系统重要性支付体系核心原则:(the core principles for systemically important payment system)证券清算体系建议:(the recommendations for central counterparties)中央交易对手建议:(the recommendations for central counterparties)金融业标准:(financial standards)盯市:(mark-to-market)公允价值:(fair value)金融部门评估规划:(financial sector assessment program)12.利率的决定作用可贷资金论:(loanable funds theory of interest)储蓄的利率弹性:(interest elasticity of saving)投资的利率弹性:(interest elasticity of investment)本金:(principal)回报率:(returns)基准利率:(benchmark interest rate)无风险利率:(risk-free interest rate)补偿:(compensation)风险溢价:(risk premium)实际利率:(real interest rate)名义利率:(nominal interest rate)固定利率:(fixed interest rate)浮动利率:(floating rate)官定利率:(official interest rate)行业利率:(trade-regulated rate)一般利率:(general interest rate)优惠利率:(preferential interest rate)贴息贷款:(loan of interest subsidy)年利率:(annual interest rate)月利率:(monthly interest rate)日利率:(daily interest rate)拆息:(call money interest)13.货币需求货币需求:(demand for money)货币数量论:(quantity theory of money)货币必要量:(volume of money needed)货币流通速度:(velocity of money)交易方程式:(equation of exchange)剑桥方程式:(equation of Cambridge)现金交易说:(cash transaction approach)现金余额说:(cash balance theory)货币需求动机:(motive of the demand for money)交易动机:(transaction motive)预防动机:(precautionary motive)投机动机:(speculative motive)流动性偏好:(liquidity preference)流动性陷阱:(liquidity trap)平方根法则:(square-root rule)货币主义:(monetarism)恒久性收入:(permanent income)机会成本变量:(opportunity cost variable)名义货币需求:(nominal demand for money)实际货币需求:(real demand for money)客户保证金:(customer’s security marign)金融资产选择:(portfolio selection)14.现代货币的创造机制纯流通费用:(pure circulation cost)原始存款:(primary deposit)派生存款:(derivative deposit)派生乘数:(withdrawal multiplier)现金损露:(loss of cashes)提现率:(withdrawal rate)创造乘数:(creation multiplier)现金:(currency)基础货币:(base money)高能货币:(high-power money)货币乘数:(money multiplier)铸币收入:(seigniorage revenue)15.货币供给货币供给:(money supply)准货币:(quasi money)名义货币供给:(nominal money supply)实际货币供给:(real money supply)股民保证金:(shareholder’s security margin)货币存量:(money stock)公开市场操作:(open-market operation)贴现政策:(discount policy)再贴现率:(rediscount rate)法定准备金率:(legal reserve ratio)财富效应:(wealth effect)预期报酬率变动效应:(effect of expected yields change)现金持有量:(currency holdings)超额准备金:(excess reserves)外生变量:(exogenous variable)内生变量:(endogenous variable)16.货币均衡均衡:(equilibrium)投资饥渴:(huger for investment)软预算约束:(soft budget constraint)总需求:(aggregate demand)总供给:(aggregate supply)面纱论:(money veil theory)流:(flow)余额:(stock)17.开放经济的均衡国际收支:(balance of payments)居民:(resident)非居民:(nonresident)国际收支平衡表:(statement for balance of payments)经常项目:(current account)资本和金融项目:(capital and financial account)储备资产:(reserve assets)净误差与遗漏:(net errors and missions)自主性交易:(autonomous transaction)调节性交易:(accommodating transaction)偿债率:(debt service ratio)顺差:(surplus)逆差:(deficit)最后清偿率:(last liquidation ratio)资本流动:(capital movements)项目融资:(project finance)外债:(external debt)资本外逃:(capital flight)冲销性操作:(sterilized operation)非冲销性操作:(unsterilized operation)债务率:(debt ratio)负债率:(liability ratio)差额:(balance)18.通货膨胀和通货紧缩通货膨胀:(inflation)恶性通货膨胀:(rampant inflation)爬行通货膨胀:(creeping inflation)温和通货膨胀:(moderate inflation)公开性通货膨胀:(open inflation)显性通货膨胀:(evident inflation)隐蔽性通货膨胀:(hidden inflation)输入型通货膨胀:(import of inflation)结构性通货膨胀:(structural inflation)通货膨胀率:(inflation rate)居民消费物价指数:(CPI)零售物价指数:(RPI)批发物价指数:(WPI)冲减指数:(deflator)需求拉上型通货膨胀:(demand-pull inflation)成本推动型通货膨胀:(cost-push inflation)工资-价格螺旋上升:(wage-price spiral)强制储蓄:(forced saving)收入分配效应:(distributional effect of income)财富分配效应:(distributional effect of wealth)滞胀:(stagflation)工资膨胀率:(wage inflation)紧缩性货币政策:(tight monetary policy)紧缩银根:(tight money)紧缩信贷:(tight squeeze)指数化:(indexation)通货紧缩:(deflation)19.货币政策货币政策:(monetary policy)金融政策:(financial policy)货币政策目标:(goal of monetary policy)通货膨胀目标制:(inflation targeting)逆风向原则:(principle of leaning against the wind)反周期货币政策:(counter cycle monetary policy)相机抉择:(discretionary)单一规则:(single rule)告示效应:(bulletin effects)直接信用控制:(direct credit)信用配额:(credit allocation)流动性比率:(liquidity ratio)间接信用控制:(indirect credit control)道义劝告:(moral suasion)窗口指导:(window guidence)信用贷款:(lending)传导机制:(conduction mechanism)中介指标:(intermediate target)信贷配给:(credit rationing)资产负债表渠道:(balance sheet channel)时滞:(time lag)预期:(expectation)透明度:(transparency)信任:(credibility)软着陆:(soft landing)20.货币政策与财政政策的配合赤字:(deficit)经常性收入:(current revenue)税:(tax)费:(fee)经常性支出:(current expenditure)资本性收入:(capital revenue)补助:(grant)资本性支出:(capital expenditure)账面赤字:(book deficit)隐蔽赤字:(hidden deficit)预算外:(off-budget)透支:(overdraft)净举债:(net fiancing)未清偿债券:(outstanding debt)或有债务:(contingent liability)准备货币:(reserve money)国债依存度:(public debt dependency)国债负担率:(public debt-to-GDP ratio)国债偿债率:(government debt-service ratio)财政政策:(fiscal policy)补偿性财政货币政策:(compensatory fiscal and monetary policy) 21.开放条件下的政策搭配与协调米德冲突:(Meade’s conflict)国际政策协调:(international policy coordination)信息交换:(information exchange)危机管理:(crisis management)避免共享目标变量的冲突:(avoiding conflicts over shared targets)合作确定中介目标:(cooperation intermediate targeting)部分协调:(full coordination)汇率目标区:(target zone of exchange rate)马歇尔-勒纳条件:(Marshall-Lerner condition)J曲线效应:(J curve effect)22.利率的风险结构与期限结构单利:(simple interest)复利:(compound interest)现值:(present value)终值:(future value)竞价拍卖:(open-outcry auction)贴现值:(present discount value)利率管制:(interest rate control)利率管理体制:(interest rate regulation system)存贷利差:(interest rate regulation system)利率风险结构:(risk structure of interest rates)违约风险:(default risk)利率期限结构:(term structure of interest rates)即期利率:(spot rate of interest)远期利率:(forward rate of interest)到期收益率:(yield to maturity)现金流:(cash floe)预期理论:(expectation theory)流动性理论:(liquidity theory)偏好理论:(preferred habitat theory)市场隔断理论:(market segmentation theory) 23.资产组合与资产定价市场风险:(market risk)信用风险:(credit risk)流动性风险:(liquidity risk)操作风险:(operational risk)法律风险:(legal risk)政策风险:(policy risk)道德风险:(moral hazard)主权风险:(sovereign risk)市场流动性风险:(product liquidity)现金流风险:(cash flow)执行风险:(execution risk)欺诈风险:(fraud risk)遵守与监管风险:(compliance and regulatory risk)资产组合理论:(portfolio theory)系统性风险:(systematic risk)非系统性风险:(nonsystematic risk)效益边界:(efficient frontier)价值评估:(evaluation)市盈率:(price-earning ratio)资产定价模型:(asset pricing model)资本资产定价模型:(capital asset pricing model,CAPM)无风险资产:(risk-free assets)市场组合:(market portfolio)多要素模型:(multifactorCAPM)套利定价理论:(arbitrage pricing theory,APT)期权加价:(option premium)内在价值:(intrinsic value)时间价值:(time value)执行价格:(strike price)看涨期权:(call option)看跌期权:(put option)对冲型的资产组合:(hedge portfolios)套利:(arbitrage)无套利均衡:(no-arbitrage equilibrium)均衡价格:(equilibrium price)多头:(long position)空头:(short position)动态复制:(dynamic replication)头寸:(position)风险偏好:(risk preference)风险中性:(risk neutral)风险厌恶:(risk averse)风险中性定价:(risk-netural pricing)24.商业银行业务与管理银行负责业务:(liability business)存款:(deposit)活期存款:(demand deposit)支票存款:(check deposit)透支:(overdraft)定期存款:(time deposit)再贴现:(rediscount)金融债券:(financial bond)抵押贷款:(mortgage loan)信用贷款:(credit loan)通知贷款:(demand loan)真实票据论:(real bill doctrine)商业贷款理论:(commercial loan theory)证券投资:(portfolio investment)中间业务:(middleman business)表外业务:(off-balance sheet business)无风险业务:(risk-free business)汇款:(remittance)信用证:(letter of credit)商品信用证:(commercial letter of credit)代收业务:(business of collection)代客买卖业务:(business of commission)承兑网络银行:(internet bank)虚拟银行:(virtual bank)企业对个人:(B2C)企业对企业:(B2B)挤兑:(bank runs)资产管理:(assets management)自偿性:(self-liquidation)可转换性理论:(convertibility theory)预期收入理论:(anticipated income theory)负债管理:(liability management)资产负债综合管理:(comprehensive management of assets and liability)风险管理:(risk management)在险价值:(value at risk,VAR)25.货币经济与实际经济两分法:(dichotomy)实际经济:(real economy)货币经济:(monetary economy)虚拟资本:(monetary capital)泡沫经济:(bubble economy)虚拟经济:(virtual economy)货币中性:(neutrality of money)相对价格:(relative price)货币面纱:(monetary veil)瓦尔拉斯均衡:(Walras equilibrium)一般均衡理论:(theory of general equilibrium)超中性:(super-neutrality)26.金融发展与经济增长金融发展:(financial development)金融自由化:(financial liberalization)金融深化:(financial deepening)金融压抑:(financial repression)金融机构化:(financial institutionalization)分层比率:(gradation ratio)金融相关率:(financial interrelation ratio,FIR)货币化率:(monetarization ratio)脱媒:(distintermediation)导管效应:(tube effect)27.金融脆弱性与金融危机金融脆弱性:(financial fragility)金融风险:(financial risk)长周期:(long cycles)安全边界:(margins of safety)汇率超调理论:(theory of exchange rate over shooting)金融危机:(financial crises)资产管理公司:(asset management corporation,AMC)金融恐慌:(financial panic)优先/次级抵押贷款债券:(senior/subordinate structure) 28.金融监管金融监管:(financial regulation)公共选择:(public choice)最低资本要求:(minimum capital requirements)监管当局的监管:(supervisory review process)市场纪律:(market discipline)宏观审慎框架:(macro-prudential framework)分行:(branch)子行:(subsidiary)并表监管:(consolidated supervision)。