2019年牛津实用英语语法-240 不定式作主语-word范文模板 (2页)
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【最新】牛津实用英语语法:258 用做主语-word范文
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牛津实用英语语法:258 用做主语
从泛指的、一般的角度来考虑一个动作时,不定式和动名词都可用做主语。
可以说:
It is easier to read French than to speak it ./ Reading French
is easier than speaking it .
法语读比说容易。
动名词和不定式一样可以作动词 believe , consider , discover ,expect , find , think , wonder 等之后的从句的主语。
在 find 之后可以把 that 和动词 be 一起省略,因此可以说:
He found that parking was difficult ./ He found parking
difficult .
他感到很难停放汽车。
但在其他动词之后,以不省略 be 为妥。
注意,这里动名词与不定式之间可能有意思上的区别:
He found parking difficult 意指他通常或总是感到找地方停车较困难。
He found it difficult to park 常意指在某具体场合他发现找地方停车较困难。
它也可能意指他总是感到困难,但后一概念常用动名词来表达。
动名词常用于简短的禁令中:
No smoking .
禁止吸烟。
No waiting .
禁止停留。
牛津英语语法(二篇)牛津英语语法 1牛津实用英语语法A想对I employed someone to do something for me(我雇用了某人为我做事)这一类句子作更简洁的表达时,可以用这种结构:即不说I employed someone to clean my car,而说I had my car cleaned(我叫人擦了车子)。
又如不说I got a man to sweep my chimneys(这里got= paid/persuaded等),而说I had my chimneys swept(我叫人通了烟囱)。
注意必须用have+宾语+过去分词,否则意思就变了:He had his hair cut.他理了发。
相当于:He employed someone to do it.他雇人理发。
但是:He had cut his hair.(过去完成时)他自己理了发。
(在说话之前的某个时刻他自己给自己理了发)have这样用时,其否定式和疑问式的现在时和过去时都要用do来构成:-Do you have your windows cleaned evny month?-I don’t have them cleaned;I clean them myself.-你每月都要叫人擦窗户吗?-我不叫别人擦,我自己擦。
He was talking about having central heating put in.Did he have it put in in the end?他那会儿总说要找人装暖气。
到底装__没有?这种结构可以用于进行时态:I can’t ask you to dinner this week as I am having my house painted at the moment.这一周我不能请你来吃饭了,因为现在我正让人刷房子呢。
While I was having my hair done the police towed away my car.我(让人)做头发时,__把我的.汽车拖走了。
To talk with himis a great pleasure.一般情况下,不定式(短语) 作主语时,通常用形式主语“it” 代替.It is a great pleasure to talk with him.但是,用不定式作主语的句子中还有一个不定式作表语时,不能用It is… to… 的句型。
另外,这样的句子,不能用动名词作表语。
例如:Tosee is tobelieve. ( 主表一致)不定式作表语时常常表将来My work is to clean the room every day. 我的工作是每天清扫房间。
His dreamis tobe a doctor.他的梦想是成为一名医生。
不定式作宾语的动词常见的有: want; hope; wish; ask; choose; decide; manage; offer; promise; refuse; seek; pretend; learn; afford; need…不定式作宾语的形容词常见的有: ready; eager; sure; glad; anxious; sorry; afraid; free; pleased; willing 等此外还要注意一些特殊疑问词 +不定式的形式(如: what todo, where togo ),作tell, ask, know, show 等动词的宾语。
I don’t know what to do.I asked him to come to my office.注意:1) 有些有动词+宾语+不定式的结构,不定式的动词往往 be ,不定式一般可以省去。
例如:consider; find; believe; think; declare(声称); appoint; guess; fancy (设想); judge; imagine; know例如:We believe him(to be) guilty. We know him to be a fool.我们相信他是有罪的。
动词不定式一、构成和特征动词不定式是动词的一种非限定形式,由to+动词原形构成,在句中起名词、形容词或副词的作用,同时也保留动词的一些特征,可以带宾语或状语。
二、语法功能1.做主语不定式做主语时,往往由it 代替它作形式主语(但不能用that 作形式主语),不定式则移至谓语之后。
但是如果句子的表语也由不定式构成,就不用形式主语it引导句子。
以保持句子结构上的齐整。
To talk to her is to talk to a wall.To know everything is to know nothing.For him to admit his mistakes is not easy.(带逻辑主语)To be working all day long is a bore.(不定式进行式)For there to be so few people in the streets at this time of the day is unusual. (There be 结构) Never to offend anyone is his principle. 不得罪人是他的原则。
(带副词)How to make our life longer is a big problem.(带关系副词)It is a bore to be working all day long.It is my pleasure to have dinner with you.It would be wrong for people to marry for money.(it+ be+形容词+for 短语+不定式)It was annoying of Jim to lose my bike. Jim 把我的自行车弄丢了令人生气。
(it+be+形容词+of 短语+不定式)It`s a shame to say like that.那样说话是可耻的。
英语语法(牛津版)第二十三章不定式238 形式A 动词不定式各种形式的举例不定式的现在式:不定式的现在进行式:不定式的完成式:定式的完成进行式:不定式的现在式的被动形式:不定式的完成式的被动形式:to work,to doto be working,to be doingto have worked,to have doneto have been working,to have been doingto be doneto have been doneB 不定式的整个形式包括两个字:to+动词,如上所示;但在一些特定的动词和表达方法之后用不带to的不定式形式(参见第246节):You had better say nothing.你最好什么也不说。
(参见第120节。
)C 一般不宜在to与动词之间置入别的字;但有时有人这样用,见第248节分裂不定式。
D 为了避免重复,有时不定式的to可代替整个不定式:- Do you smoke?-No,but I used to(smoke).-你吸烟吗?-不,但我以前吸烟。
(参见第247节。
)239 用法A 不定式可以单独使用,如 We began to walk(我们开始走了);或作为不定式短语的一部分,如 We began to walk down the road (我们开始沿路步行)。
B 不定式可作句子的主语。
(参见第240节。
)C 不定式可作表语:His plan is to keep the affair secret.他的计划是将这件事保密。
D 不定式可作动词的宾语或宾语的一部分,直接跟在动词之后:He wants to pay(他想要付钱)。
(参见第241节与第243节。
)或跟在动词+ how,what等结构之后。
(参见第242节。
)或跟在动词+宾语之后: He wants me to pay(他想要我付钱)。
(参见第243节与第244节。
)E be+不定式可表示命令或指示。
不定式做主语用法不定式作为主语是一种常见的语法结构,它在句子中可以充当主语的角色。
不定式主语通常由“to + 动词原形”构成。
在使用不定式作为主语时,需要注意以下几点:1. **基本结构:** 不定式主语通常由““to + 动词原形”构成,例如:To learn is important.(学习很重要。
)2. **形式主语:** 有时,为了避免重复或强调,不定式主语也可以放在句子末尾,而将“it”作为形式主语放在句首,例如:It is important to learn.(学习很重要。
)3. **动词后置:** 在某些情况下,不定式主语也可以紧跟在动词后面,例如:We want to dance.(我们想跳舞。
)下面是一些例句,演示了不定式作为主语的用法:1. **To study** English is essential for your future career.(学习英语对你未来的职业生涯至关重要。
)2. **To travel** around the world is my dream.(环游世界是我的梦想。
)3. **It is important** **to be** honest in all situations.“(在所有情况下诚实是很重要的。
)4. **To help others** is a noble act.(帮助他人是一种高尚的行为。
)5. **To quit smoking** requires determination and willpower.“(戒烟需要决心和毅力。
)6. **It's fun** **to play** board games with friends.(和朋友们一起玩桌游很有趣。
)7. **To find** a solution to the problem is our top priority.(找到问题的解决方案是我们的首要任务。
不定式作主语的句型初中语法技巧不定式是一种常见的语法结构,它可以作为主语出现在句子中。
掌握不定式作主语的句型是初中语法学习的关键之一。
本文将介绍不定式作主语的句型以及相关的语法技巧。
一、不定式作主语的句型结构1. It + be + 形容词 + 不定式作主语:- It is important to learn a foreign language.- It is easy to solve this math problem.2. 动词不定式短语作主语:- To visit the Great Wall is my dream.- To study abroad is her goal.3. 不定式短语作主语:- To win the competition requires hard work.- To make a cake needs flour, eggs, and butter.二、语法技巧1. 不定式作主语时,谓语动词通常使用单数形式:- To learn English is important.(不用learns)2. 强调句型:- It is John who wants to go shopping.(不用John wants)- It is important to finish the homework on time.(不用To finish)3. 利用不定式作主语可以避免句子主谓倒装的情况:- To err is human.(不用Is human to err.)4. 动词不定式的时态需根据语境和需要来决定:- To have breakfast at a cafe is my daily routine.(一般现在时)- To have finished the task by tomorrow is my goal.(完成时)5. 可以使用动词不定式的被动形式作主语:- To be loved by others is a wonderful feeling.(被动形式)6. 不定式作主语常常需要加宾语补足语来完善句意:- To learn a foreign language well takes time and effort.- To become a doctor requires years of study.三、实例分析1. It + be + 形容词 + 不定式作主语:- It is necessary to wear a helmet when riding a bike.(骑车时必须戴头盔)- It is fun to play video games with friends.(与朋友一起玩游戏很有趣)2. 动词不定式短语作主语:- To eat a healthy diet is important for everyone.(对每个人来说,吃健康饮食很重要)- To learn from mistakes is the key to success.(从错误中吸取教训是成功的关键)3. 不定式短语作主语:- To win the game requires teamwork and strategy.(赢得比赛需要团队合作和策略)- To be polite to others is a sign of good manners.(对他人礼貌是良好举止的象征)四、总结本文介绍了不定式作主语的句型结构和相关的语法技巧。
不定式作主语和宾语的常见用法不定式是英语中一种非谓语动词形式,由to加动词原形构成。
在句子中,不定式可以作为主语或者宾语,起到了重要的语法和语义作用。
本文将介绍不定式作主语和宾语的常见用法。
一、不定式作主语的用法1. 表示一般性的动作或事实:To learn a foreign language is important for personal development.学习一门外语对个人发展很重要。
2. 表示一种愿望、意图或目标:To travel around the world is my dream.环游世界是我的梦想。
3. 表示一种能力、技能或习惯:To swim is a basic skill that everyone should learn.游泳是每个人都应该学会的基本技能。
4. 表示时间、地点或方式的具体事项:To arrive on time is essential for the success of the meeting.准时到达对于会议的成功至关重要。
二、不定式作宾语的用法1. 动词后接不定式作宾语:I hope to see you soon.我希望很快见到你。
2. 常见的动词和短语后接不定式作宾语:- decide 决定I have decided to buy a new car.我已经决定买一辆新车。
- want 想要She wants to become a doctor in the future.她想要将来成为一名医生。
- plan 计划We are planning to go hiking this weekend.我们打算这个周末去徒步旅行。
- learn 学习He needs to learn how to play the guitar.他需要学习如何弹吉他。
- hope 希望I hope to visit Paris one day.我希望有一天能够参观巴黎。
2019年牛津实用英语语法:240 不定式作主语-word范文模板
本文部分内容来自网络整理,本司不为其真实性负责,如有异议或侵权请及时联系,本司将立即删除!
== 本文为word格式,下载后可方便编辑和修改! ==
牛津实用英语语法:240 不定式作主语
A 不定式或不定式短语可作动词 appear , be , seem 的主语,这时不定式可位于句首:
To compromise appears advisable .
看来以妥协为好。
To lean out of the window is dangerous .
身探出窗外很危险。
To save money now seems impossible .
现在好像不可能存钱。
B 但更经常的做法是将代词 it 置于句首,而将不定式或不定式短语移至句末:
It appears advisable to compromise .
It is dangerous to lean out of the window .
It seemed impossible to save money .
在这里的 it 称为先行主语。
注意它在疑问句中使用的情况:
Would it be safe to camp here ?
在这里宿营安全吗?
Wouldnt it be better to go on ?
继续走下去不是更好吗?
这里必须用 it 结构,否则会产生 Would + to camp 和 Wouldnt + to go on 那样的语序,而那样是不可以的。