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英语（二）讲义【00015】【内部资料】课程介绍一、课程性质英语（二）是高等教育自学考试各专业（英语专业除外）本科阶段的公共基础课。
目录第一部分语法知识 (4)第一单元名词形容词副词介词 (4)第一章名词 (4)第二章形容词 (5)第三章副词 (8)第四章介词 (10)第二单元谓语动词 (11)第一章系动词 (12)第二章情态动词 (12)第三章时态 (13)第四章英语语态 (16)第三单元非谓语动词 (17)第一章动词不定式 (18)第二章分词 (19)第四单元从句 (21)第一章名词性从句 (21)第二章形容词从句（定语从句） (21)第三章副词从句（状语从句） (21)第五单元并列结构 (22)第二部分应对技巧 (24)第一章阅读判断 (24)第二章阅读选择 (28)第三章概括段落大意和补全句子 (33)第四章填句补文 (36)第五章填词补文 (38)第六章完形补文 (40)第七章短文写作 (41)第一部分语法知识第一单元名词形容词副词介词第一章名词一、概念名词表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。
如：person，phone，China，time二、用法1.名词作主语和宾语。
●Knowledge is power.（知识就是力量。
）●I love English.（我喜欢英语。
)2.名词可以作定语修饰名词①作定语的名词往往是说明其中名词的材料、用途、时间、地点、内容、类别等②被修饰的名词变复数时，一般情况下，作定语用的名词不需要变为复数形式。
●a diamond ring(一枚钻戒)●orange juice(橙汁)●English lessons(英语课)3.名词分为可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词出现时，要么是复数名词，要么前面加限定词，如冠词（a、an或the），不可数名词永远是单数形式。
●He has a girlfriend.（他有一个女朋友。
）●He has two girlfriends.（他有两个女朋友。
全国2015 年10 月高等教育自学考试英语（二）试题和答案课程代码： 00015第一部分：阅读判断Black FridayEveryone likes to shop for gifts for the holiday season, but few people know the history of holiday shopping. While people have heard of BlackFriday, most do not know its origins. Black Friday is the day afterThanksgiving （感恩节） . On this day most retail stores open their doorsvery early－some as early as 4 am. In addition, they provide theircustomers with great discounts on products. With this in mind, it is clear to see why so many shoppers buy many of their Christmas gifts on BlackFriday.Black Friday is not as old as many people think. In fact, it is believed that the first Black Friday was held in the 1970s in the USA. It was aday when stores decided to mark the start of the holiday season. In order to draw more customers, they offered great discounts. All products soldvery well. This large success resulted in the name Black Friday. It wasso namedbecause the stores were "in the black". This financial term means the stores madea lot of money. However, it was not until around 2002 that Black Friday really started to gain in popularity. Today in the USA,countless advertisers proudly announce their Black Friday sales. Theyhope to attract shoppers into their stores.Black Friday is a day when manyshoppers in the USAgo out and buy gifts, even though Christmas Eve is still a more popular day to shop. Thanks tothe Internet, it is now possible to get some excellent Black Friday deals online. So if you don't want to get to the stores by 4 am, this is theperfect way to still get items at reduced prices.people know the history of Black Friday.A．TrueB．FalseC．Not Givenstores open their doors for business very early on Black Friday.A．TrueB．FalseC．Not Givenget better service on Black Friday.A．TrueB．FalseC．Not GivenFriday started in the USA.A．TrueB．FalseC．Not Givenholiday season ends on Black Friday.A．TrueB．FalseC．Not Given6."In the black" is a financial term.A．TrueB．FalseC．Not GivenFriday is no longer popular.A．TrueB．FalseC．Not Givenlike to shop online on Christmas Eve.A．TrueB．FalseC．Not Givenis possible to get Black Friday discount online.A．TrueB．FalseC．Not Givenare sold at their lowest prices at 4 am.A．TrueB．FalseC．Not Given第二部分：阅读选择Living in Brazil（巴西）and SwitzerlandMoving to a different city mayseemdifficult.You have to change schools and get used to your new home. But you can always go back to that cityto visit. Whenyou moveto another country, things are different.However, difficult as it may be, the experience can be rewarding.My dad, a Brazilian, is really funny and can make friends quickly. Mymom, a Swiss, is usually quiet and a bit shy. She likes to be organized,but my dad never makes plans. She enjoys staying home, but my dad always wants to go out. Swiss and Brazilian－what a mix!After my parents got married, they moved to Switzerland. There they had my brother and me. WhenI was two, we moved to Brazil. During my childhood we visited Switzerland every year.Many people ask me where I prefer to live: Brazil or Switzerland. It's really hard to answer because I love both countries. Brazil is a bigcountry, with manystates and people. There are multiple dialects and many types of foods. People here have beautiful smiles and are always happy，even if they are poor. In the south the climate is cool, but in the northit's hot and humid.Switzerland, on the other hand, is small but beautiful and clean. There are four languages in that tiny country. People there are very different from Brazilians: they are wealthy, independent, and organized. The foodis delicious, and of course, the famous Swiss chocolate is great, and the climate is dry and cool.I love both countries. In Switzerland, it's pleasant, calm, and peaceful everywhere. I enjoyed my stay there very much. But now I am happy herein Brazil. I feel excited and at home.author's parents_____.A．share similar interestsB．have different jobsC．have different personalitiesD．enjoy reading booksthe author was a child, the family used to_____.A．have many good friendsB．move between the two countriesC．speak two dialectsD．visit Brazil from time to timeauthor thinks Brazilians are_____.A．organizedB．independentC．indifferentD．optimisticto the text, Switzerland_____.A．is famous for its chocolateB．has many big citiesC．has a lot in common with BrazilD．is hot and humidto the author, living in two different cultures is a(n)_____.A．appealing ideaB．difficult decisionC．expensive choiceD．pleasant experience第三部分：归纳段落粗心和补全句子More Than One Kind of Intelligence1．You may have heard people mention "IQ" when talking about how smart someone is. IQ stands for "intelligence quotient （智商） ". It can help predict how well someone may do academically.2．IQ is just one measure of our abilities. There are many other kindsof intelligence. For example, spatial （空间的）intelligence is the ability to think in 3D. Musical intelligence is the ability to recognize rhythmand tone. Abilities in sports and arts are other types of intelligence.3．Another important type of intelligence is emotional intelligence.Emotional intelligence (EQ for short) is the ability to understand, use,and manage our emotions. Just as a high IQ can predict top test scores,a high EQcan predict success in social and emotional situations.EQhelps us build strong relationships, make good decisions, and deal withdifficult situations.4．One way to think about EQ is that it is part of being people-smart. Understanding and getting along with people help us become successful in our lives. In fact, some studies show that EQ is more important than IQwhen it comes to doing well in school or being successful at work. 5．Somepeople are born with good EQ skills;others need to work on them. Everyone can get better if they know what to do. Being able to notice and label everyday feelings is the most basic EQ skills. Being aware ofemotions helps us manage our own emotions. It also helps us understandhow others feel.1_2_ 3_ 4_ 5A．Kinds of intelligenceB．Definition of IQC．Importance of EQD．Definition of EQE．Development of EQ studiesF．Ways to improve EQ skills第四部分：填句补文The Princess DiseaseHave you ever heard of the princess disease It is a terrible disease.（ 26）_____It wastes away at one’s social life and people ’s tolerance. People with this disease think they are better than everyone else,without a real reason.Jin is a girl who suffers from this disease.（27）_____She thinks she is better looking than her friends and most people she has met. It is,as far as she is concerned, a well-known fact that she dresses better,sings better, and dances better than most people in her school, too.So is Jin justified in believing that she is better than everyone else （28）_____Of course, she thinks this is because the singing coach hates her, since the coach has bad skin and is jealous of her. She is good atsports, but she isn't the strongest, fastest, or even the best at any oftheir school's events. （29）_____She, again, thinks it was because of the "haters". After losing, she pretended she'd just run for fun and it wasno big deal, but in fact it was a huge deal to her.Jin definitely has the disease. The treatment is to stop being so mean and get a little modesty. （30）_____She might even get rid of this disease if she tries hard enough.is too proud of herself.B．Jin is very popular.C．Then things might become better for her.D．She sings well, but not well enough to be a lead singer.E．It threatens to push one's friends away.F．She ran for class president, but came in third.第五部分：填词补文People Use Technology More, Sleep LessPeople in Britain now spend more time watching TV, gaming, and usingtheir mobile phones and computers than sleeping. A study（31）_____that British people use technology for 20 minutes longer than they spendsleeping. The average UK adult uses technology for eight hours and 41minutes a day. They（32）_____for an average of eight hours and 21 minutes. Oneof the biggest （33）_____for this is wi-fi. People can get online almost （34）_____. Many people make telephone calls or surf the web whilewatching TV. TV is still the most（35）_____activity.The study looked at technology and（36）_____age groups. It found that six-year-olds understand how to use technology at the same（37）_____as 45-year-olds. Another（38）_____was that people understand digital technology most when they are 14or 15. A doctor said technology is（39）_____the way people communicate with each other. He said we are moving（40）_____from face-to-face conversations because of technology.A．changingB．reasonsC．popularD．foundE．anywhereF．downG．findingH．levelI ．differentJ．awayK．outdoorL．sleep第六部分：完形补文Be GratefulWhether you are a waiter (wait) or a doctor, your job is about servingothers and making their life better. We have all（41）_____(have) experiences where someone （42）_____ (work) in their job has lifted usup and madea（43）_____(different)to our day or brought us down and made our day worse. Wehave all met（44）_____ (real) wonderful people cleaning floors. We have also met people who are not so wonderful but have（45）_____ (amaze) jobs. So whatever you do, be grateful. This doesn't meanyou have to stay in a job you don't like, but it （46）_____(help)you develop a more positive attitude. You may not like your job, but you can enjoybeing with your （ 47）_____(colleague). This is something to be（ 48）_____(thank) for. When you practise （49）_____(grateful), it allows you to develop a more useful outlook and be （50）_____(happy) at your work.第七部分：短文写作51.假定你的美国朋友 Mike 要去你的家乡旅行，请给他写一封电子邮件，告诉他：近期的天气情况；需要注意的事项；你期望与他会面。
英语试题题型包括词汇与结构选择、完型填空、阅读理解、单词汉译英、词形转换、汉译英(句子)和英译汉(短文)。
I. 词汇与结构题 (Vocabulary and Structure ) 1分/题。
本题用来测验语法(主要为句子结构)和词的用法(主要为词的搭配、惯用语)，比例各占一半。
此题型所考查的重点主要包括以下几个方面：1. 搭配题：搭配题型主要考核固定搭配的词组，主要是介词与其他词形成的固定的、习惯性的、成语性的搭配关系。
一般来说这类题型比较容易，复习和备考时要注意教材后面的词组表，我们的课件中也有分析的。
搭配题型在历年考试中都占有一定比例。
2.词义辨析题：这种题型主要考查词义相近或词型相近的词的辨析，或者是不相关的一些词的词义辨析。
主要考核对词汇的掌握程度。
3 语法结构题：语法结构题主要考查非谓语动词(主要是分词作状语，分词的独立结构)，引导从句(状语从句、定语从句、主语从句)的关联词或关系代词、关系副词等，强调句、倒装句。
有时也考查动词的时态、被动语态、虚拟语气等。
做语法题时，要仔细分析句子的结构，是简单句，并列句，还是复合句。
是复合句，则要根据句子的性质、句意、上下文选择合适的连接手段。
大家一定要着重看精华版课件中考题比较多的这些语法考点。
在复习的过程，不要花过多的时间去关注词汇的拼写，而应该把重点放在词汇的含义、搭配和用法上。
主要需要注意形容词、动词、副词和名词，包括与之搭配的介词(介词总是以一种明显的身份出现的试题中，用这种办法来考察学员对词组搭配的熟悉程度)。
II. 完型填空 (Cloze Test ) 10分，1分/题完形填空题的考查重点是语法，包括一致关系，动词时态、语态，名词的数，代词，形容词和副词的级，连词，介词等。
从最近的几次考试看，完形填空题的语法重点仍在连接各种从句的关联词上，除此之外，也有一部分题是考查介词和代词的。
在词汇方面，也可能考查一些常用词和习惯用语的用法。
完型填空的题型分为：搭配题，语法题，词汇辨析题，逻辑关系题等。
填词补文题型攻略和例文分析一：填词补文题型介绍：猛然一看，大家会认为这是一种新题型，但仔细观察会发现，该题型就是大家很早就熟悉的完形填空，只不过是改变了出题方式----由选择变成了填空。
但解题过程大体上一样的，需要大家先通读文章，了解文章整体内容；然后再逐句来填空，需要注意：瞻前顾后；先易后难的原则！主要填入的词性有：名词，动词，形容词和副词，偶尔也会有连词。
二：例文分析第一篇：A Powerful Influence备选项：1.staring at;2.absorbed;3.holding;4.make;5.negotiating;6.affect;7.interesting;8.hardly; 9.curious; 10.effect;11.going; 12.staring atThere can be no doubt at all that the Internet has made a huge difference to our lives. Parents are worried that children spend too much time playing on the Internet, 1 ever doing anything else in their spare time. Naturally, parents are （2）to find out why the Internet is so attractive, and they want to know if it can be harmful to their children.Should parents worry if their children are spending that much time （3）their computers?Obviously; if children are bent over their computers for hours, （4）in some game,instead of doing their homework, then something is wrong. Parents and children could decidehow much use the child should （5） of the Internet, and the child should give his or herword that it won't interfere with homework. If the child is not （6） to this arrangement,the parent can take more drastic steps dealing with a child's use of the Internet, which isnot much different from （7）any other soft of bargain about behavior.Any parent who is （8）alarmed about a child's behavior should make an appointment todiscuss the matter with a teacher. Spending time in front of the screen does not necessarily（9） a child's performance at school. Even if a child is absolutely crazy about usingthe Internet，he or she is probably just （10） through a phase, and in a few monthsthere will be something else to worry about!1页文章解析：理解题目：A Powerful（强大的）Influence(影响力)，本文主要是谈论互联网对当今的孩子们所带来的巨大的影响！There can be no doubt at all that （固定表达：毫无疑问）the Internet has made a huge difference to our lives（互联网对我们的生活产生了巨大的影响）. Parents are worried （担心的）that children spend （花费）too much time（太多的时间） playing on the Internet, hardly ever（几乎不会，相当于 never） doing anything else in their spare time. Naturally(自然地), parentsare curious （好奇的） to find out （搞明白、弄清楚）why the Internet is so attractive（为什么互联网如此地吸引人）, and they want to know if（是否）it can be harmful to （对。
高等教育自学考试《英语（二）》题型分析及重点归类更多最新自考资料请在百度搜自考一点通一、《英语（二）》考试题型分析：根据历年考试情况来看，自考《英语（二）》这门课程题型基本不变，只是题量有所变化，我们以11.4考试情况为例，题型大致包括以下六种题型，各题型及所占比值如下：题号题型题量及分值第一题单项选择题（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）第二题完形填空题（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）第三题阅读理解题（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）第四题单词拼写题（共20小题，每小题0.5分，共10）第五题单词正确形式填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）第六题汉译英（共5小题，每题各 3分，共15分）第七题英译汉（1小题，共15分）由各题型分值分布比重我们可以看出，阅读题和翻译题占整体试卷的60%，因此，平时应多注意加强阅读，多动笔练习句子的翻译，尽可能的扩大词汇量。
而对于单词拼写和单词正确形式填空，则较容易拿分，需要大家清晰准确记忆单词以及它相关的一些其它词性。
而单选题和完形填空题，则需要大家对知识点全面把握，力求做到夯实基础，高效提分，最终顺利通过考试。
二、《英语（二）》考试重点说明：我们将知识点按考查几率及重要性分为三个等级，即一级重点、二级重点、三级重点，其中，一级重点为必考点，本次考试考查频率高；二级重点为次重点，考查频率较高；三级重点为预测考点，考查频率一般，但有可能考查的知识点。
Unit 11．alternative 单词含义 P1.1.1 (二级重点) 单选，完形，单词拼写2．available 单词的含义 P1.1.2 (二级重点) 单选，完形3．短语 in the way P1.1.5 （三级重点） 单选，完形4．单词predict P1.2.4（三级重点）单选，完形5．单词accompany的含义及用法 P1.2.8（二级重点）单选6. tendency to do sth. P2.4.6（二级重点）完形，单词正确形式填空7. 短语contribute to的含义 P2.6.2 (一级重点) 单选，翻译8. 单词simplify的含义以及它的几个变形simple - simplify -simplified. P11.2 (一级重点) 单选，单词的正确形式填空。
英语二完形补文技巧第一步：思索大意，快速阅读首先，快速跳读全文1-3遍，抓住全文主要内容，了解制题方的想法、意图等，这是得到答案的前提条件。
完形填空短文没有题目，但一般状况首句是一个没有空白的完整句子，往往点明短文的性质，如说明、议论或表达等。
它能为考生想到短文的题材与全文大意提供的总要信息，考生应跳读完1-3遍题材，抓住首句的意思，然后来捕捉全文的关键词语，并特别注意那些表示因果、赚折、指代、递进等意义的同位语、副词、连接词，最后总结大意，第二部：观察答案，分析要求在快速阅读完全文后，就开始填空。
这时做答着应耐心思索，理解全文的主要想法，搭建好词句之间的逻辑和上下文的关系，并做出更好的选择。
第三部：避开难点，先易后难了解全文大概意思后，可以以此为主线，对选择的A、B、C、D 答案理解其确切的意思，分析比较那个更合适，再观看上下文的隐晦想法和含义。
做题切记速度，对自己不懂的要避开，意思就是先易后难，把简单的先做掉，难的有时自然而然就出来了，一般这样做可以更好的解题。
第四部、仔细思索，解决难点凭借前面步骤，我们已经读了三遍，和把简单的空添好了。
这时你阅读全文就比较容易理解了。
找出与本文意思不相符的答案，先排除;然后结合自己学的知识，把固定搭配和词语等结合，这样就容易推断了。
第五步：再看原文，审阅答案完成填空了，不要一个一个的去检查填空，要结合全文来看答案的正确性，还要结合语法看，这样能提升答案的正确率。
2英语完形填空解答技巧通览全文，把握大意通览全文目的是抓住文章的大意，了解全文的结构和基本内容，为下一步正确选择答案奠定基础。
有人认为，看一篇满是空白的短文得不到什么信息，倒不如看一句填一空，这样节约时间一些。
其实不然。
考生只有在通览全文之后，才会成竹在胸，能够更快更准确地找出答案来。
抓住第一句，猜测下一句完形填空文章的第一句话通常是没有空白的完整句子，而且第一句往往是文章的主题句，或是含有主题词的句子，阅读理解的有些段落也是如此。
2020年10月英语二(00015) 完整答案及解析一、阅读判断1、A，Few people will think about being green.对应文章中的is unlikely that...,所以正确。
2、A, Two main choices when people look to their holiday.对应文章中的twochoices; travel agencies和internet,所以正确。
3、C, People go to travel agencies and make their decisions directly. Travel agencies只是主要出行的选择之一，但文章并没有提及问题，所以未提及。
4、B, The main advantage of holiday online is convenience而不是saving money,所以错误。
5、C, People go to travel agencies at lunchtime.文章只是说，一般人们去找travelagencies，他们都很忙，比如lunchtime or weekend.而并未明确说明people go .to travel agencies at lunchtime.所以未提及。
6、C，Booking holiday by telephone requires less communicative skills.文章只是说电话预定会看不到图片或细节，并未提及communicative sill,所以C未提及。
7、B, There are lots of而不是limited choices at price comparison website,所以错误。
8、C, Travel agencies make the best use of price comparisonwebsite.文中并未提及两者的关系，所以未提及。
00015英语二自学方法经验及2012版课文翻译及课后答案完整版零基础学好自考英语二的方法一1 事半功倍。
如果基础不好，报个基础班，可以是PETS三级的基础班，(不要强化班)。
当然要选好一点的培训学校，从头来一遍，考过了PETS三，很多省都可以代替英语二，即使一次考不过，已经知道是怎么回事了，下次再复习(考不过培训学校都免费再读的)就有把握了。
2 自力更生。
如果这钱想省掉，那么就背单词吧，毕竟英语二不考口语，听力考不考我忘记了，音标不认识?就那几个音标嘛，你不是会上网嘛，网上教音标的软件很多，我给你贴了一个在下面。
不怕读不准，人家印度阿三天生音标读不准照样在全世界混，你只要学会了哑巴英语，也达到了你的目的是吗，而且目前国人学英语都是用来看的，极少要说的。
3 学英语最重要的是坚持不懈。
利用记忆的特点，小循环、中循环、大循环。
零基础学好自考英语二的方法二1 买一本英语二教材，如果想考再高分的，可以买，我是买了，但是没用。
可以借别人的过来参考一些。
2 翻看英语二教材中的样卷。
3 了解考试题型，其中作文占30分，分值很大，直接关系到是否能够及格，考生多数为上班族，时间分配，按周做计划，每天看书时间不限。
4 背诵四级单词书两遍，第一遍不需要记住，能记住10%就很不错了，重点是找状态。
第二遍开始再过速度稍慢，词汇量最终能记住40%~50%便可。
5 四级作文书，随便选择十篇作文背诵，背诵后默写，最后能在十五分钟内默写所背诵的作文即可，这十篇反复默写即可。
6 三个月的学习时间足够，考试60分应该没有问题，如果需要再高的分，那就需要系统的，一点一滴的学习了。
零基础学好自考英语二的方法三1 时间允许，要先复习英语(一)，复习的策略是把考试大纲规定的单词背好，涉及到英语(一)的基础语法弄懂，课文就可以不看了。
单词背诵要贯穿始终，每天都要坚持背点，多重复，多回头看，多比较，可以采用联想、口诀、拆分等方法来记忆单词，日积月累才会收到良好效果。
自考00015英语二题库-完形补文(总12页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--六、完型补文（第41-50题，每题分，共15分）下面的短文有10处空白，每处空白后的括号内有一个词，请根据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中，以恢复文章原貌，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一套The Power of LanguageLanguage is something that defines (define) us as humans. When language is __41__ (use) well, it can bring out very deep feelings in others, and encourages others to take __42__ (act). Sometimes is poetry a certain phrase can bring __43__ (tear) to the eyes and move us deeply. When we use language to express our true feelings to someone, it can open and ____(deep) the connection between us. Language is a very __45__ (power) tool. How we use language shapes our world. How we use self-talk __46__ (direct) shapes our experience of both ourselves and the world. How we deliver __47__ (communicate) shapes the way the world__48__ (respond) to us. We can use language more __49__ (effective). And this clearly influences the health and power of our __50__ (person) relationships and business relationships.第二套Are There Truths in Dreams?Imagine waking up after dreaming (dream) about a terrible plane crash. The next day you will make a plane journey that you have 41 (plan) long before. Will you get on the plane?A survey shows that you may not cancel your trip. But your dream will probably influence your ___42___ (thought) during the journey. You may feel ____43___ (worry) and find the trip much ___44___ (long) than before. So dreams may influence what we are ___45__ (real) doing while we are awake.The explanation of dreams is still a(n) ___46___ (clear) area. A team of researchers are entering a new field of studies: Do dreams actually influence our ____47___ (behave)Over the past few years, they have ___48___ （do） studies in different cultures and found out that dreams contain some ____49___ (hide) truths: dreams affect the way people live and work. But researchers also tell people not to be ___50___ (easy) influenced by their dreams.第三套Labor Market DeclineThe decline of the labor market is easy to misinterpret (interpret). There are many reasons for that. During the 1970s, large numbers of women and young adults 41 (bear) during the baby boom entered into the work force. That 42 ( result) in too many workers for the jobs available and depressed wages. The decline also has something to do with the explosive 43 ( grow) in world trade since 1960. As 44 .( manufacture) technologies have become more mobile, production jobs have 45 (move) from the U. S. to countries where wages are low. In 46 (add), technology itself has helped to cause the shifts in the job market. For example, 47 (few) American workers are needed to make steel today than in the past, because new 48 ( machine) have made many of their tasks 49 (necessary). Finally, the high rate of 50 (employment) caused by these factors has tended to drive wages down further.第四套Voice and Text ChattingVoice chat and text chat are quickly(quick)becoming preferred ways of communicating with others online.For language 41 (learner), these forms of communication 42 (able)them to share ideas about themselves and the world in almost real time. They can establish friendships with people from around the globe. Thus, it can be an easy way to learn languages and world 43 (culture).However, care and consideration should be 44 (give)when you are looking for friends on the Internet because you 45 (real)don’t know who the person is at the other end. Thus, never give out personal information 46 (include)your name,age,where you live, and the name of the school you attend. Also, be 47 (care)about meeting online acquaintances in person, and if you do so, make sure it is in a public place and go with a friend or a family member. 48 (final), contact local authorities if you feel you arein danger. Again, chatting with others can be an enjoyable and 49 (education)activity if you use care when 50 (do)so.第五套Be GratefulWhether you are a waiter (wait) or a doctor, your job is about serving others and making their life better, We have all __41__ (have)experiences where someone __42__(work) in their job has lifted us up and made a __43__(different) to our day or brought us down and made our day worse. We have all met __44__ (real) wonderful people cleaning floors. We have also met people who are not so wonderful but have __45__ (amaze) jobs. So whatever you do, be grateful. This doesn't mean you have to stay in a job you don't like, but it __46__ (help) you develop a more positive attitude. You may not like your job, but you can enjoy being with your __47__ (colleague). This is something to be __48__ (thank) for. When yon practice __49__ (grateful) it allows you to develop a more useful outlook and be__50__ (happy) at your work.第六套Silent ListeningIf something bad just happened (happen) to your friend, what would you do Would you mention it to him and say you feel sorry about it Would you offer support or advice According to Ruth Clark, such 41 (treat) could mean well, but it might not be what he 42 (real) wants or needs.Clark asked some college students to imagine some 43 (pleasant) situations, ., a low exam grade or the dad’s 44 (lose) of his job.The students were then 45 (ask) how they would like to be treated by a friend who learned of the bad situation from someone else. The results were a little 46 (surprise). Some said they would want and expect their friend to mention the 47 (annoy) situation, but most of the students in the study 48 (respond) that they would like thefriend not to do it. The students made the 49 (decide) for themselves whether to discuss their problem with a friend. So, there is value in being a silent 50 (listen) around a troubled friend.第七套Self-reliance（自立）Everyone has heard (hear) the word“self-reliance”. Eme rson wrote a 41 (fame) essay about it. He felt that people should trust in their own 42 (able). They should think and act for themselves. Like many such 43 (term),也is one had no real meaning for me until it was 44 (demonstrate) to me in real life.Last year I met a blind girl 45 (name) Gail. She was 46 _ (extreme)slender and weak, but she always insisted on _ 47 (find) her way around the school by herself. when she 48 (sit) in a room with several of us, there was sometimes a(n) _ 49 (easy) silence, because we thought she might resent our acting too cheerfuland thoughtless in her 50 (present). On such occasions,she would say something casual or show us how fast she could write. She never asked for anyone’s pity. She truly relied on herself.第八套Don’t Be Afraid of Making MistakesLost of people don t dare to make mistakes (mistake). Theyfear that they will be ridiculed or (41)(blame) by others. They fear that they will lose their money and belongings or be under a lot of stress. But risks are (42) (actual) unavoidable and they do pave the way towards success. Have you ever (43) (hear) of someone who achieves success without making any mistakes before?So it is (44)(nature) that making mistakes in your effort to reach your dreams is (45 )(consider) a must, and you shouldn’t worry about that as you may get a lot of (46 )(advantage) out of your mistakes. By making mistakes you then can distinguish between thecorrect and the (47 )(correct) portions of what you did. AnthonyD’Angelo said: “In order to succeed you must fail, so that you know what to do the next time.” And Robert Louis Stevenson eve n (48 )(go) to the extreme as to sa y: “Our business in life is not to succeed, but to continue to fail in good (49 ) (spirit).”You needn't worry about anything as long as you keep on goingby(50) (wise) learning from your mistakes and trying even harder.第九套Many people think bats look .frightening(frighten). But research has41 (show)us that bats are kind animals. The way they live 42(provide)a great deal of help to humans and other 43 (live)things.Bats are gentle and loving Mother bats sleep with their wings around their 44 (baby) to protect them, and will move them to_45(safe) if they seem to be 46(threaten)in any way. Just like other animals, adult bats help their children find 47(suit) food to eat.Bats are 48 (help), too. Some bats eat insects. Just one brownbat can eat 49 (near)600 insects in one hour! Besides, many species are even dependent on bats for their 50 (survive). Therefore, batsare really friendly.第十套Workplace English LearningEnglish plays(play)an important role in the workplace. When__41__ (use) correctly and appropriately, it will be __42__(help) in developing a career or a business. Some may need or want to study business English before they start their __43__ (career). Those who are already __44__(work) have the opportunity to see what they can and cannot do __45__ (effective)with English in their current jobA __46__ (value)skill to have in business is how to negotiate. You need to know what you want, as well as how to bargain and make concessions (让步). Being able to deal with a conflict and __47__ (know) how to end negotiations can make a big __48__ (different)to the outcomeWorkplace English learning will encourage __49__ (profession) and efficientcommunication. It can better serve customers, business partners and __50__ (supplier), and it will be a positive push for any business第一套答案47. communication第二套答案(u)r第三套答案41. born 42. resulted 43. growth 44. manufacturing 45. moved46. addition 47. fewer 48. machines 49. unnecessary 50. unemployment第四套答案第五套答案41. had 42. working 43. difference 44. really45. amazing 46. helps 47. colleagues 48. thankful49. gratefulness 50. happier第六套答案41. treatment 42. Really 43 unpleasant 44. loss45. asked 46. Surprising 47 annoying 48 responded 49. decision 50 listener第七套答案41famous 44. demonstrated第八套答案41、blamed 42、actually 43、heard 44、natural45、considered 46、advantages 47、incorrect 48、went49、spirits 50、wisely第九套答案41shown/showed 42provides 43living 44babies 45safety46 threatened 47suitable 48 helpful 49nearly 50survival 第十套答案41. used 42. Helpful 43. Careers44. working45. effectively 46, valuable 47. Knowing48. difference49. professional 50. suppliers。
自考英语二填词补文技巧
自考英语二填词补文技巧
在自考英语二考试中，填词补文是一道常见的题型。
这种题型要求考生根据上下文的语境，选择合适的单词或短语填入空格中，使得文段通顺、连贯。
下面将介绍几种填词补文的技巧，帮助考生在考试中取得更好的成绩。
1. 阅读全文：在开始填词之前，先通读一遍整个文段，了解文章的主题和内容，掌握文章的大意。
这样可以更好地理解空格前后的语境，从而选择合适的单词填入。
2. 掌握词汇：提前准备一些常用的词汇和短语，包括同义词、反义词、近义词等。
通过积累和复习，提高自己的词汇量，以便能够在考试时更准确地选择适当的单词填入空格。
3. 注意上下文逻辑：填词补文题往往是通过上下文的逻辑关系来确定正确答案的。
因此，在选择填词时，要注意前后句之间的逻辑关系，尤其是转折、因果、并列等关联词的使用。
根据前后句的逻辑关系，选择合适的单词填入空格，使得句子之间的衔接更加自然。
4. 避免过度修饰：在填词补文中，要注意避免使用过度修饰的词语或短语。
过度修饰会导致句子的冗长和累赘，影响整个文段的流畅性。
因此，在选择填词时，
要尽量选择简洁明了的表达方式，使得句子更加简洁、清晰。
5. 通读检查：在填完所有的空格后，要再次通读整个文段，检查填入的单词是否能够使文段通顺、连贯。
同时，还要注意语法和拼写的正确性，避免因为拼写错误而丢分。
综上所述，自考英语二填词补文题需要考生在考试前充分准备，掌握一些常用的词汇和短语，并在考试中灵活运用。
通过阅读全文、掌握词汇、注意上下文逻辑、避免过度修饰和通读检查等技巧，考生可以更好地完成填词补文题，取得更好的成绩。
江西省南昌市2015-2016学年度第一学期期末试卷（江西师大附中使用）高三理科数学分析一、整体解读试卷紧扣教材和考试说明，从考生熟悉的基础知识入手，多角度、多层次地考查了学生的数学理性思维能力及对数学本质的理解能力，立足基础，先易后难，难易适中，强调应用，不偏不怪，达到了“考基础、考能力、考素质”的目标。
试卷所涉及的知识内容都在考试大纲的范围内，几乎覆盖了高中所学知识的全部重要内容，体现了“重点知识重点考查”的原则。
1．回归教材，注重基础试卷遵循了考查基础知识为主体的原则，尤其是考试说明中的大部分知识点均有涉及，其中应用题与抗战胜利70周年为背景，把爱国主义教育渗透到试题当中，使学生感受到了数学的育才价值，所有这些题目的设计都回归教材和中学教学实际，操作性强。
2．适当设置题目难度与区分度选择题第12题和填空题第16题以及解答题的第21题，都是综合性问题，难度较大，学生不仅要有较强的分析问题和解决问题的能力，以及扎实深厚的数学基本功，而且还要掌握必须的数学思想与方法，否则在有限的时间内，很难完成。
3．布局合理，考查全面，着重数学方法和数学思想的考察在选择题，填空题，解答题和三选一问题中，试卷均对高中数学中的重点内容进行了反复考查。
包括函数，三角函数，数列、立体几何、概率统计、解析几何、导数等几大版块问题。
这些问题都是以知识为载体，立意于能力，让数学思想方法和数学思维方式贯穿于整个试题的解答过程之中。
二、亮点试题分析1．【试卷原题】11.已知,,A B C 是单位圆上互不相同的三点，且满足AB AC →→=，则AB AC →→⋅的最小值为（ ）A ．14-B ．12-C ．34-D ．1-【考查方向】本题主要考查了平面向量的线性运算及向量的数量积等知识，是向量与三角的典型综合题。
解法较多，属于较难题，得分率较低。
【易错点】1．不能正确用OA ，OB ，OC 表示其它向量。
2．找不出OB 与OA 的夹角和OB 与OC 的夹角的倍数关系。
【解题思路】1．把向量用OA ，OB ，OC 表示出来。
2．把求最值问题转化为三角函数的最值求解。
【解析】设单位圆的圆心为O ，由AB AC →→=得，22()()OB OA OC OA -=-，因为1OA OB OC ===，所以有，OB OA OC OA ⋅=⋅则()()AB AC OB OA OC OA ⋅=-⋅-2OB OC OB OA OA OC OA =⋅-⋅-⋅+ 21OB OC OB OA =⋅-⋅+设OB 与OA 的夹角为α，则OB 与OC 的夹角为2α所以，cos 22cos 1AB AC αα⋅=-+2112(cos )22α=--即，AB AC ⋅的最小值为12-，故选B 。
【举一反三】【相似较难试题】【2015高考天津，理14】在等腰梯形ABCD 中,已知//,2,1,60AB DC AB BC ABC ==∠= ,动点E 和F 分别在线段BC 和DC 上,且,1,,9BE BC DF DC λλ==则AE AF ⋅的最小值为 .【试题分析】本题主要考查向量的几何运算、向量的数量积与基本不等式.运用向量的几何运算求,AE AF ，体现了数形结合的基本思想，再运用向量数量积的定义计算AE AF ⋅，体现了数学定义的运用，再利用基本不等式求最小值，体现了数学知识的综合应用能力.是思维能力与计算能力的综合体现. 【答案】2918【解析】因为1,9DF DC λ=12DC AB =，119199918CF DF DC DC DC DC AB λλλλλ--=-=-==， AE AB BE AB BC λ=+=+，19191818AF AB BC CF AB BC AB AB BC λλλλ-+=++=++=+，()221919191181818AE AF AB BC AB BC AB BC AB BCλλλλλλλλλ+++⎛⎫⎛⎫⋅=+⋅+=+++⋅⋅ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭19199421cos1201818λλλλ++=⨯++⨯⨯⨯︒2117172992181818λλ=++≥+= 当且仅当2192λλ=即23λ=时AE AF ⋅的最小值为2918. 2．【试卷原题】20. （本小题满分12分）已知抛物线C 的焦点()1,0F ，其准线与x 轴的交点为K ，过点K 的直线l 与C 交于,A B 两点，点A 关于x 轴的对称点为D ． （Ⅰ）证明：点F 在直线BD 上； （Ⅱ）设89FA FB →→⋅=，求BDK ∆内切圆M 的方程. 【考查方向】本题主要考查抛物线的标准方程和性质，直线与抛物线的位置关系，圆的标准方程，韦达定理，点到直线距离公式等知识，考查了解析几何设而不求和化归与转化的数学思想方法，是直线与圆锥曲线的综合问题，属于较难题。
【易错点】1．设直线l 的方程为(1)y m x =+，致使解法不严密。
2．不能正确运用韦达定理，设而不求，使得运算繁琐，最后得不到正确答案。
【解题思路】1．设出点的坐标，列出方程。
2．利用韦达定理，设而不求，简化运算过程。
3．根据圆的性质，巧用点到直线的距离公式求解。
【解析】（Ⅰ）由题可知()1,0K -，抛物线的方程为24y x =则可设直线l 的方程为1x my =-，()()()112211,,,,,A x y B x y D x y -，故214x my y x =-⎧⎨=⎩整理得2440y my -+=，故121244y y m y y +=⎧⎨=⎩则直线BD 的方程为()212221y y y y x x x x +-=--即2222144y y y x y y ⎛⎫-=- ⎪-⎝⎭令0y =，得1214y yx ==，所以()1,0F 在直线BD 上.（Ⅱ）由（Ⅰ）可知121244y y m y y +=⎧⎨=⎩，所以()()212121142x x my my m +=-+-=-，()()1211111x x my my =--= 又()111,FA x y →=-，()221,FB x y →=-故()()()21212121211584FA FB x x y y x x x x m →→⋅=--+=-++=-，则28484,93m m -=∴=±，故直线l 的方程为3430x y ++=或3430x y -+=213y y -===±，故直线BD 的方程330x -=或330x -=，又KF 为BKD ∠的平分线，故可设圆心()(),011M t t -<<，(),0M t 到直线l 及BD 的距离分别为3131,54t t +--------------10分 由313154t t +-=得19t =或9t =（舍去）.故圆M 的半径为31253t r +== 所以圆M 的方程为221499x y ⎛⎫-+= ⎪⎝⎭【举一反三】【相似较难试题】【2014高考全国，22】 已知抛物线C ：y 2＝2px(p>0)的焦点为F ，直线y ＝4与y 轴的交点为P ，与C 的交点为Q ，且|QF|＝54|PQ|.（1）求C 的方程；（2）过F 的直线l 与C 相交于A ，B 两点，若AB 的垂直平分线l′与C 相交于M ，N 两点，且A ，M ，B ，N 四点在同一圆上，求l 的方程．【试题分析】本题主要考查求抛物线的标准方程,直线和圆锥曲线的位置关系的应用,韦达定理,弦长公式的应用,解法及所涉及的知识和上题基本相同. 【答案】（1）y 2＝4x. （2）x －y －1＝0或x ＋y －1＝0. 【解析】（1）设Q(x 0，4)，代入y 2＝2px ，得x 0＝8p，所以|PQ|＝8p ，|QF|＝p 2＋x 0＝p 2＋8p.由题设得p 2＋8p ＝54×8p ，解得p ＝－2(舍去)或p ＝2，所以C 的方程为y 2＝4x.（2）依题意知l 与坐标轴不垂直，故可设l 的方程为x ＝my ＋1(m≠0)． 代入y 2＝4x ，得y 2－4my －4＝0. 设A(x 1，y 1)，B(x 2，y 2)， 则y 1＋y 2＝4m ，y 1y 2＝－4.故线段的AB 的中点为D(2m 2＋1，2m)， |AB|＝m 2＋1|y 1－y 2|＝4(m 2＋1)．又直线l ′的斜率为－m ，所以l ′的方程为x ＝－1m y ＋2m 2＋3.将上式代入y 2＝4x ，并整理得y 2＋4m y －4(2m 2＋3)＝0.设M(x 3，y 3)，N(x 4，y 4)，则y 3＋y 4＝－4m，y 3y 4＝－4(2m 2＋3)．故线段MN 的中点为E ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫2m2＋2m 2＋3，－2m ，|MN|＝1＋1m 2|y 3－y 4|＝4（m 2＋1）2m 2＋1m 2.由于线段MN 垂直平分线段AB ，故A ，M ，B ，N 四点在同一圆上等价于|AE|＝|BE|＝12|MN|，从而14|AB|2＋|DE|2＝14|MN|2，即 4(m 2＋1)2＋⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫2m ＋2m 2＋⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫2m 2＋22＝4（m 2＋1）2（2m 2＋1）m 4，化简得m 2－1＝0，解得m ＝1或m ＝－1， 故所求直线l 的方程为x －y －1＝0或x ＋y －1＝0.三、考卷比较本试卷新课标全国卷Ⅰ相比较，基本相似，具体表现在以下方面： 1. 对学生的考查要求上完全一致。
即在考查基础知识的同时，注重考查能力的原则，确立以能力立意命题的指导思想，将知识、能力和素质融为一体，全面检测考生的数学素养，既考查了考生对中学数学的基础知识、基本技能的掌握程度，又考查了对数学思想方法和数学本质的理解水平，符合考试大纲所提倡的“高考应有较高的信度、效度、必要的区分度和适当的难度”的原则． 2. 试题结构形式大体相同，即选择题12个，每题5分，填空题4 个，每题5分，解答题8个（必做题5个），其中第22，23，24题是三选一题。
题型分值完全一样。
选择题、填空题考查了复数、三角函数、简易逻辑、概率、解析几何、向量、框图、二项式定理、线性规划等知识点，大部分属于常规题型，是学生在平时训练中常见的类型．解答题中仍涵盖了数列，三角函数，立体何，解析几何，导数等重点内容。
3. 在考查范围上略有不同，如本试卷第3题，是一个积分题，尽管简单，但全国卷已经不考查了。
四、本考试卷考点分析表（考点/知识点，难易程度、分值、解题方式、易错点、是否区分度题）。
