2019-2020年高中英语人教版选修六教学案：Unit 4 Section Ⅲ Grammar— it的用法(2)(含答案)

Unit 4 Natural disasters主题语境——人与自然之灾害防范【语境概说】本单元的主题是人与自然，涉及的话题是自然灾害与防范、安全常识与自我保护。

单元话题可以使学生了解自然灾害，培养学生的灾害防范意识，对学生进行防灾减灾教育。

同时，鼓励学生开展小组活动，增强合作意识。

Misfortunes tell us what fortune is.不经灾难不知福。

The last drop of humans will be tears of regret after environmental damage.人类的最后一滴水将是环境破坏后悔恨的眼泪。

Nature is kind of a loving mother，but also a butcher in cold blood.自然不仅是慈爱的母亲，也是冷血的屠夫。

Section ⅠListening and Speaking1.Translate the following words and phrases.①disaster n. 灾难；灾害②drought n. 旱灾；久旱③slide vi.& vt. (使)滑行；滑动④flood n. 洪水；大量vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没⑤volcanic eruption 火山喷发⑥rescue n.& vt. 营救；救援⑦damage n.& vt. 损失；损害⑧survive vi. 生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过⑨destroy vt. 摧毁；毁灭⑩death n. 死；死亡⑪affect vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动⑫shelter n. 避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避(风雨或危险)2.Brainstorming：Have you ever experienced any natural disasters？How many kinds of natural disasters do you know?fire，earthquake，hurricane，flood，landslide，tsunami，tornado，drought3.Describe what happened during the earthquake.4.Finish Ex.1 on Page 48.Finish Ex.2 & Ex.3 on Page 48.1.Speaking—Finish Ex.4 on Page 49 by following the example.Good morning.Today is 13 May.A huge earthquake hit Wenchuan，China，yesterday afternoon.At least 8，500 people were killed by 13 May in the 7.8 magnitude earthquake.Rescue workers and soldiers are working day and night to dig out those trapped in the ruins and help the survivors.2.Pronunciation(1)听录音，对比发音(2)听词汇辨-ed结尾的发音第一组： reached，kissed，talked，washed，finished，helped规律：-ed在清辅音后读：/t/第二组： enjoyed，welcomed，answered，carried，worried规律：-ed在浊辅音及元音后读：/d/第三组：wanted，started，needed，counted，painted，visited，added规律：-ed在/t/或 /d/后读：/id/语言知识积累Ⅰ.单词1.strike v.袭击；灾难突然发生2.severe adj. 严重的；严厉的3.rubbish n. 垃圾；废物4.recover v. 痊愈5.uncertain adj.不确定的6.concern n. 担心；关心7.exist vi. 存在；生存8.attack v. 攻击；袭击9.unite v. 团结；联合10.hopeless adj.没有希望的；绝望的Ⅱ.短语1.rescue team 救援队2.donate...to... 向……捐赠……3.rebuild one’s home 重建某人的家园4.take on a new look 呈现新面貌5.put up 搭建；张贴；提高文化知识习得震级震级是指地震的大小；是以地震仪测定的每次地震活动释放的能量多少来确定的。

Unit 4 Global warmingWarming up & ListeningTeaching goalsEnable the students to know something about energy resources and something that use energy, and listen for details and catch the specific information as much as possible.Learning ability goalsEnable the students to predict some important information in the process of listening and encourage the students to talk about the situations according to the listening materials.Teaching important and difficult pointsHow to make sure the answers of listening material.Teaching aidsA recorder and cassette tapes, a projector, and a computerTeaching proceduresStep 1 Warming upDo you know any kind of energy resource?Do you know anything that use energy?things that use energy in a house(Slide show: some pictures of things that use energy in a house.)Things that use energy Sources of energylights television cassette player computerfridgestovewashing machine hairdryervideo recorder coal oilnatural gaswind(power)sun(solar energy)water(hydro-electric power) the sea ( tidal energy) uranium(nuclear energy) plant waster(biomass energy)T: Now let’s look at some more pictures and decide whether they are renewable or not.(Slide show: pictures of some forms of energy)wind energy renewablesolar energy renewablehydroelectric power renewablegeothermal energy renewabletidal energy renewablebiomass energy renewablenuclear power plant, non-renewable (picture)an oil refinery(精炼厂), non-renewable (picture)coal power station, non-renewable (picture)natural gas non-renewable (picture)uranium Ore (铀矿石) non-renewable (picture)The element uranium does not occur in pure form in nature but is found in minerals such as carnotite（钒钾铀矿）, pictured above. (picture)Conclusionnon-renewablecoal oil natural gas Uranium fossil fuelsrenewablewind (wind power) sun (solar energy) water (hydro-electric power)plant waste (biomass energy) hot springs or geysers (geothermal energy)the sea (tidal energy)Slide showWhat are fossil fuels?Ancient animal and plant material below the surface of the earth with a high carbon cont ent, such as coal, oil and natural gas, which can be burnt to produce energy.Also known as non-renewable energy because once they are used they have gone forever; they cannot be renewed.Step 2 Pre-listeningRead Exercise 1 together:1. Read the statements below and tick the ones you agree with.2. Listen to the tape and answer and decide which statement Professor Chen doesNOT agree with.1. We'll have to stop using fossil fuels.2. About 90% of the world's energy comes from fossil fuels.3. We can replace fossil fuels with renewable sources of energy.4. Nuclear power is a good source of energy.5. In the future, we'll need new technologies to replace fossil fuels.6. It's the developed countries who are to blame for producing most of the carbon dioxide.3. Listen again and tick the phrases that Professor Chen uses to agree or disagreewith Li Bin.Slide showExactly. I’m afraid I disagree with you.That’s true. I’m afraid not.That’s right. I don’t think so.That’s correct. No way.I agree. I don’t agree.4. Listen for the third time and fill in the blanks.1．Our modern _________ societies depend on the energy we get from_________.2．It’s a very ____________ and cheap form of energy.3．Can’t we just ________ fossil fuels with ________ sources of energy like sun or wind power?4．However, whatever we do, we have to do it as a ________________.5．The _________ countries are really the ones to ______.Keys:1．industrial; fossil fuels 2. concentrated 3。

2019-2020年高中人教版英语选修8教学案：Unit 4 Section Ⅲ Grammar —过去分词（短语）作状语(含答案)语法图解探究发现①Now once taught by me, she'd become an upper class lady ...②But, sir, (proudly) once educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador's garden party.③Although wounded all over, the brave soldiers continued to fight.④Lost in the forest, you should first of all remain where you are, waiting for help to come.⑤Seriously injured, he had to be taken to hospital.⑥Followed by his wolf-dog, the hunter walked slowly in the forest.⑦He was found lying on the ground, his hands tied.[我的发现](1)句①～⑥中的过去分词分别在句中作条件状语、条件状语、让步状语、时间状语、原因状语和方式状语。

(2)过去分词表示被动或已经完成的动作。

作状语时，可以单独使用，如句④、句⑤、句⑥；也可以在其前面加上适当的连词，如句①、句②和句③。

(3)过去分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致，如果不一致，我们常在过去分词前加上其逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构，如句⑦。

一、过去分词(短语)作状语过去分词(短语)表示被动，表示动作已经完成，其逻辑主语则为句子的主语。

【2019统编版】人教版高中英语必修第二册Unit 4《History andtraditions》全单元备课教案教学设计Unit 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONSListening and Speaking【教学目标】1. 掌握本课的重要词汇与句式；2. 引导学生通过课内听力训练，提高听力技巧，锻炼听力水平。

【教学重难点】1. 本课时的重要词汇与句式；2. 引导学生通过课内听力训练，提高听力技巧，锻炼听力水平。

【教学过程】Step 1 Lead inLook at the photo on Page 37, and then get the Ss to ask and answer the questions.1. What do you know about the buildings in the photo?2. What traditions of that city/country do you know about?3. Why is it important to protect historic buildings and cultural traditions?Then have some Ss share their views on the questions.Step 2 Share views on historic sites1. Before listening, get the Ss to look at some photos of Qufu in Activity 1 on Page 38. And ask “What can you say about these places?”Get the Ss to discuss in groups, and then ask several volunteers to share their views with the class.2. Listen to a conversation between a British tourist and a Chinese student inFinally check the answers with the class.3. Listen again and decide whether these statements are true (T), false (F), or not mentioned (NM).(1) Listen and judge, and check the answers.1) Confucius said that learning without understanding leads to confusion.2) Xiao Kong is doing a research project on Confucius philosophy.3) As one of Confucius’ descendants, Xiao Kong’s name is recorded in the family tree.4) Dacheng Hall is the tallest building in Qufu.(2) Then go through the question as bellow, and choose the right answer.·Why do you think William said his hometown was similar to Qufu?A. There are famous halls in his hometown.B. There are no tall buildings in his hometown.C. Both places have a famous person who was born there.D. His hometown doesn’t allow other buildings to be more noticeable than the historic buildings.4. Activity 4(1) At first, go through the Understand idioms with the Ss.An idiom is an expression which means something different from the meaning of the individual words. Some idioms present an idea or paint a picture that gives a hint as to the meaning. Other idioms can only be understood from the context in which they appear.(2) Write down the English idioms that are used in the conversation. Explain their meanings and think about some Chinese equivalents.5. Discuss the questions in groups, and then get some Ss to share their answers.(1) What do you know about Confucius’ ideas on education? Think of two or three examples. What else do you know about Confucius and his philosophy?(2) Think about a historic site that you have visited, and give an introduction to its history and importance.Step 3 Pronunciation1. Read this part of the poem “If-” written by British poet Rudyard Kipling.Notice the linking sounds. Then mark the linking sounds after the modelIf you can make one heap of all your winningsAnd risk it on one turn of pitch-and-toss,And lose, and start again at your beginningsAnd never breathe a word about your loss;If you can force your heart and nerve and sinewTo serve your turn long after they are gone,And so hold on when there is nothing in youExcept the Will which says to them: "Hold on!"2. Repeat the poem after the recording.Step 4 Homework课后练习Unit 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONSReading and Thinking【教学目标】1. 理解并熟练掌握本课的重要词汇与句式；2. 引导学生通过课内阅读，了解英国的历史，全面培养学生的阅读能力和技巧。

Section Ⅵ　Languagepoints(Ⅲ)(Project)Ⅰ.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词。

1. I made a commitment (承诺) to him to pay all of the debt.2．The teacher said that he would like to choose an assistant (助手) among us.3．When the post finally fell vacant (空缺的)，they offered it to Bob.4．We drove along a muddy (泥泞的) lane to reach the farmhouse.5．The umbrella is a poor shelter (遮蔽物) from heavy rain.6．The avenues of the area were crowded with visitors.7．At every moment I was reminded of the difficulties we have.8．The teaching staff of this school are excellent.9．They soon overcame the language barrier．10．He can always get on well with his colleagues．Ⅱ.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词。

1．commit v．承诺；投入；犯(错误)→commitment n．承诺，保证；投入，奉献；不得不做的事2．vacant adj.空着的，未被占用的；(职位)空缺的→vacancy n．空缺；空处3．crowd n．人群v t.挤满，塞满，使拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的4．remind v t.提醒，使想起→reminder n．提醒者[寻规律、巧记忆]n.＋­ous→adj.v.＋­(e)d→adj.dangerous adj.危险的humorous adj.幽默的poisonous adj.有毒的balanced adj.平衡的interested adj.感兴趣的moved adj.感动的Ⅲ.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语。

Unit4 Global warming一、学生分析本堂课所教学生为高二文科班的学生，积极和活跃是他们在课堂学习实践活动中的特点。

大部分学生经过初中和高一阶段对英语这门语言的学习和掌握，已经为高二阶段的英语学习打下了较好的基础。

表现为：大部分学生能够做到课前预习和准备，课堂上能伴随课程的思路，积极主动的参与课堂活动，如小组讨论，问答练习等；并且部分学生都具有一定的自我约束能力和独立思考的能力，如对某一问题进行讨论时除了能够完成对问题的回答，还能够提出反问甚至是自己独特的见解等。

但是仍有一小部分学生由于种种原因造成了英语基础薄弱，上课不够积极主动，学习任务完成不充分等问题。

对此，在课堂活动中要进行有针对性的帮助。

如进行分组讨论时，可让他们与学习基础好的同学一组且要给予更多的鼓励，使他们尽早能提高对学习英语的兴趣。

本堂课之前学生们已经完成了对Model 6 Unit3 A healthy life 的学习任务，对健康生活的真正涵义也有了一定的理解。

因而在本堂课的引入环节中就结合这个内容进行了设问。

如“健康生活需不需要保护环境呢？”等。

且学生在这一单元以及之前所掌握的英语语言知识技能如：环境和健康的关系；如何开展讨论；如何发表自己的观点等都可以运用到本节课中。

二、本节课教材分析与教材整合1. 单元教材分析本单元以Global warming 为主题，学生通过单元教学经过思考、学习，讨论从而认识到全球变暖的真正涵义和它所带来的种种后果。

同时学生能够进一步认识我们的地球所面临的其它严重问题，激发学生的环保意识。

引导学生运用所学语言知识、句式表达自己对这些现象的看法，培养他们为自己的观点辩论的能力。

Warming Up通过真实的图片再现，使学生对能源的用途和种类有一个基本的了解。

从而为本单元主题Global warming 作了很好的铺垫。

Pre-reading部分组织学生对这些问题的讨论、回答，也让学生有进一步思考的空间，为下一步阅读做好准备。

选修6 Unit 4 Global warming 教学设计The Second Period ReadingTeaching goals 教学目标1. Target language 目标语言a. 重点词汇和短语compare, phenomenon, graph, fuel, trap, data, climate, catastrophe, consequence, range, per, glance, compare to, come about, fierce debate, result in, build upb. 重点句式There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer. P26Without the‘greenhouse effect’, the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius cooler than it is. P26They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide. P262. Ability goals 能力目标Enable the students to talk about the causes and effects of global warming.3. Learning ability goals 学能目标Help the students learn how to talk about the causes and effects of global warming and express ideas about what people should do about it.Teaching important points教学重点Help the students learn how to debate over the topic “We should do nothing about global warming.”Teaching difficult points 教学难点Enable the students to learn the writing skills of the text and get a better understanding of articles of this kind.Teaching methods 教学方法Listening, reading and group work.Teaching aids 教具准备A recorder and a computer.Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方式Step ⅠRevisionCheck the homework.Review the useful expressions about agreement and disagreement.Show the students some pictures on the screen. The students have to give names of different energy sources relative to the pictures and deicide which energy sources are renewable and which are not. Then ask the students to tell the effects of using these energy sources. Step Ⅱ Pre-readingShow a picture of greenhouse on the screen.T: Now look at the picture. What is it in the picture?S: A greenhouse.T: Right. Who can tell me what it is used for?Sa: A greenhouse is made of glass and is used for growing plants, especially during cold weather.T: Yes, you are right. And how does it work?Sb: The air inside is warm because the glass traps the heat from the sun and keeps it from escaping. This makes the greenhouse heat up and so the plants can grow throughout the cold period.T: Exactly. Thank you. But today we are not going to talk about greenhouse, we’ll talk about greenhouse gases. Have you heard about this before?Sc: I know. In the atmosphere surrounding the earth there are gases, which are called “greenhouse gases”, including carbon dioxide, methane and water vapor.T: That’s correct. Then what do you think greenhouse gases do?Sd: Let me explain it. They trap heat from the sun and therefore warm the earth.T: Yes. Last class we talked about the effects of burning fossil fuels. One of the effects is more and more carbon dioxide is being produced, which in turn increases the speed of global warming. Does it matter? What’re your opinions? Next we’ll read an article “THE EARTH IS BECOMING WARMER —BUT DOES IT MATTER?”Step Ⅲ While-readingGet the students to read the passage fast and meanwhile help the students form a good habit of reading.T: What do you think will be talked abo ut at the sight of the title “THE EARTH IS BECOMING WARMER —BUT DOES IT MATTER?” Now please skim the passage to obtain a general idea of the whole passage. While reading, pay attention to the writing skills and if possible, divide the whole passage into several parts and summarize the main idea for each part. After a few minutes.T: How many parts can this text be divided into?T: Any different ideas? OK. Now let’s finish the form on the screen.Show the form on the screen and let the students complete the form.Main ideas of each part Writing techniquesStep Ⅳ ComprehendingLet the students read the passage again to find out the answers to the questions in Exercises 1 and 2.T: Now let’s listen to th e tape. While listening, pay more attention to specific information. Then read the whole passage by yourselves. Try to find out the answers to questions in Exercises 1 and 2. You may work in groups.Step Ⅴ DebateGet the students to debate over the statement: We should do nothing about global warming. Let them work in groups of six to prepare it.T: Now you are going to have a debate: We should do nothing about global warming. Please follow these instructions.Put the following instructions on the screen.● Get into groups of six. Decide which three in your group are going to agree with the statement (Group A) and which three are going to disagree with the statement (Group B).● Group A discuss why they agree with the statement; Group B discuss why they disagree.● Group A and B get together. Tell each other the reasons why agree or disagree with the statement.T: We don’t have time to do it in class. Please finish it after class. Try to collect as much information as possible on the Internet and share it with the others in class. Next class I’ll get some groups to act out your debates.Step Ⅵ Homework1. Read the passage again and review the new words and expressions.2. Prepare the debate in groups.3. Preview Using Language ― WHAT CAN WE DO ABOUT GLOBAL WARMING？精美句子1、善思则能“从无字句处读书”。

Unit 4 SPACE EXPLORATION1．Courage is the light of adversity.勇气是处于逆境时的光芒。

2．Heroes give courage to mortals, and courage makes them heroes.英雄给予凡人勇气，勇气使凡人成为英雄。

3．A large number of people can be lost in the world because they lack a little courage.很多人会在尘世间迷茫，只因缺少一点儿勇气。

4．If you don't even have the courage to face the loss, then you don't deserve anything.如果，你连面对失去的勇气都没有，那么，你不配得到什么。

5．If you have the courage to start, you will have the pride of success.如果你具备了开始的勇气，就有了成功的豪情。

6．A man's courage can bear all the burdens; his patience can bear most of the pain.人的勇气能承担一切重负；人的耐心能忍受大部分痛苦。

I Look Up At The Starry SkyI look up at the starry skyWhich is so deep and vast.The never­ending truthMakes me struggle to follow and quest it.I look up at the starry skyWhich is so solemn(庄严的), holy and pure.The severe and awe­inspiring justiceMakes me filled with deep love and in awe of it.I look up at the starry skyWhich is so free and serene(平静的)．The broad bosomProvides the place where my soul rests and nestles to.I look up at the starry skyWhich is so marvelous and glorious.The eternal(不朽的) blazeKindles the flame of hope in my heartWhich resounds with spring thunder.The oddness of life in space never quite goes away. Here are some examples.First consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges. The main question is whether you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag.If you leave your arms out，they float free in zero gravity, often giving a sleeping astronaut the look of a funny ballet(芭蕾)dancer. “I'm an inside guy，”Mike Hopkins says，who returned fr om a six­month tour on the International Space Station.“I like to be wrapped up.”On the station, the ordinary becomes strange.The exercise bike for the American astronauts has no handlebars. It also has no seat. With no gravity，it's just as easy to pedal violently. You can watch a movie while you pedal by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want. But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long.Without gravity to help circulate air, the carbon dioxide you exhale(呼气)has a tendency to form an invisible(隐形的) cloud around your head.You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon­dioxide headache.Leroy Chiao, 54, an American retired astronaut after four flights, describes what happens even before you float out of your seat. “Your inner ear thinks you're falling.Meanwhile your eyes are telling you you're standing straight. That can be annoying—that's why some people feel sick.”Within a couple o f days—truly terrible days for some astronauts' brains learn to ignore the panicky signals from the inner ear, and space sickness disappears.[探索发现]1．The major challenge to astronauts when they sleep in space is deciding on a proper sleep position．2．The astronauts will suffer from a carbon­dioxide headache when they exercise in one place for a long time．3．Some astronauts feel sick on the station during the first few days because their brains receive contradictory messages.Section ⅠListening and Speaking &Reading and Thinking——ComprehendingⅠ.匹配词义a．给下列单词选择正确的汉语意思( )1.astronaut A．n.码头；船坞vt.&vi.(两架航天器)对接；(使)……进港( )2.procedure B．n.宇航员；太空人( )3.rocket C．n.程序；步骤；手续( )4.vehicle D．n.玉；翡翠；玉器( )5.satellite E．n.太空行走；太空行走的时间( )6.mankind F．n.航天器；宇宙飞船( )7.spacecraft G．n.火箭；火箭弹( )8.spacewalk H．n.人造卫星；卫星( )9.jade I．n.交通工具；车辆( )10.dock J．n.人类[答案] 1－5 BCGIH 6－10 JFEDAb．给下列短语选择正确的汉语意思( )11.be determined to do sth. A．继续做，坚持干( )12.find out B．在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上( )13.focus on C．抱着……的希望( )14.for example D．查明；找出( )15.believe in E．下决心做某事( )16.carry on F．关注……，集中做……( )17.on board G．例如( )18.in the hope of doing sth. H．相信，信仰( )19.so as to I．为了；以便[答案] 11－15 EDFGH 16－19 ABCIⅡ.默写单词1．mental adj.精神的；思想的2．intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的3．universe n.宇宙；天地万物4．determine vt.查明；确定；决定5．launch vt.&n. 发射；发起；上市6．transmit vt.&vi. 传输；发送7．disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的8．desire n.渴望；欲望vt. 渴望；期望9．independent adj.独立的；自立的10．signal vt.&vi. 标志着；标明；发信号n. 信号；标志Ⅰ.语境填空astronaut；procedure；gravity；launch；orbit；giant；leap；mankind；agency；data1．He was writing the selection procedure when I paid a visit to him this morning.2．Yang Liwei was the first astronaut in China who successfully orbited Earth.3．The space craft can fly into the space only when it can escape Earth's gravity．4．Afterwards，Tiangong 2 space lab was launched into space.5．Mankind believes in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.6．When travelling，we leapt(leap) over the stream.7．Recently，America's NASA space agency has launched another space craft to research the problem.8．The accident should not happen according to my data．9．The big stones over there looked like giant monsters at night.10．They changed their orbit while flying in space.Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词1．It must be the first duty of us to perform physical and mental(mentally) work.2．She solved the problem in an intelligent(intelligence) way.3．If you do，you'll have the force of the universe(universal) behind you.4．He has been determined(determine) to learn English well.5．To his great disappointment(disappoint)，he failed again in the driving test.6．As a teacher，I want my students to be independent (independently) learners.7．I have to find a way to transmit(transmit) the objects.8．Whether you are married or single，we all want to feel desired(desire)．9．It is universally(universe) acknowledged that the earth goes around the sun.10．He leapt/leaped(leap) on me without a word.1．Over eight years later，on 20 July 1969，American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon，...八年之后，也就是在1969年7月20日，美国宇航员，尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登上月球……2....famously saying“That's one small step for [a] man，one giant leap for mankin d”．一句著名的话，“对一个人来说，这是一小步；对人类来说，这是一大步”。

Section Ⅲ　Grammar——虚拟语气(Ⅱ)一、错综时间条件句(混合条件句)当条件状语从句表示的动作或行为和主句表示的动作或行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。

If you had followed my advice just now，you would be better now.如果你刚才听了我的建议，你现在就好多了。

If he were free today，we would have sent him to Beijing.如果他今天有空的话，我们就派他去北京了。

[即时训练1]　用所给词的适当形式填空①If you had studied (study)hard before，you would be (be)a college student now.②If you hadn't lost the map，we would be (be)back in the hotel now.二、含蓄虚拟条件句有时虚拟的条件不通过条件从句表达出来，而是暗含在单词、短语或上下文中，这时需要根据句中所表述的意义以及某些特定的信息词来判断此时需要采用的形式。

常用词或短语有：with，without，but for，or else，or，otherwise等。

But for her help，they couldn't have run over the mountain in such a short time.要不是她的帮助，他们不会在那么短的时间内翻过那座山。

I was ill that day.Otherwise，I would have taken part in the sports meeting.我那天病了。

否则，我就参加运动会了。

He must have been there，or he never could know the place so well.他一定去过那儿，否则他决不会如此了解那个地方。

Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading —Language Pointsright away 立刻；马上(经典例句)You don’t look well. You’d better go and see a doctor right away . 你脸色不好，最好赶紧去看看医生吧。

⎭⎪⎬⎪⎫right nowat once immediately in no time 立刻，马上He is injured badly in the accident, and you should call in the doctor right away . 他在事故中受伤严重，你应该立即请医生来。

[链接写作]——完成句子①他没马上回答我的问题，这使我很伤心。

He didn ’t answer my question right away, which made me very upset.②如果你能立即给我回信我将感激不尽。

I ’d be very grateful if you can reply to me right now/at once/immediately/in no time ．burst vi.爆裂；爆发 n ．突然破裂；爆发(教材P 26)In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. 在市内，有些建筑物里的水管出现裂缝并爆裂开来。

(1) ⎭⎪⎬⎪⎫burst out crying/laughing burst into tears/laughter 突然哭起来/笑起来burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒/心花怒放(2)burst in/into闯进；突然破门而入 ①On hearing the news, Mary burst into laughter while Lucy burst out crying . 一听到这则消息，玛丽突然大笑起来，而露西则突然大哭起来。