上海市七宝中学2020-2021学年高二上学期期中英语试题含解析

七宝中学2020-2021学年第一学期高二年级英语期中试卷II. Grammar and Vocabulary (15points + 30points)Section A(A)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.It’s far from ideal to travel during a pandemic. Doctors aren’t going to give you the green light to do it, and___1___ is the U.S. State Department or the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.But if you’ve really got to go somewhere now —— to check in on distant family or to attend an important event, there are ways to decrease your risks ___2___ taking a trip. So whether you’re setting off by plane or car, here’s what you should focus on, and a few things you don’t need to worry about as much.If your trip is essential and if you’re committed to social distancing and mask-wearing, it’s possible to reduce (but not eliminate) COVID-19 risks. One of the easiest ways to keep your distance from fellow, potentially___3___(infect) humans is to avoid public transportation. ___4___ (drive) directly to your destination, with minimal stops.If you must fly, do it safely. Flying, as with any activity that brings you close to other people, does carry more risk than driving in a car. While everyone aboard a plane should wear a mask, your energies are better spent ___5___ (stay) six feet apart from others when queueing in airport lines than stressing out because you are stuck in the middle seat.“Choose a window seat as far from the restroom as possible,” says Dr. Farley Cleghorn, the global health practice head at Palladium, an international impact consultancy firm. “Keep the overhead vent open and toward your face ——continuous airflow creates a small, invisible ‘wall’ that ___6___ block out (at least slightly) the exhaled air from other passengers,” he says. Clean your hands after you’ve settled into your seat, and again before and after you touch your face, such as when you remove your mask to eat.___7___ airlines’ promise to enhance cleaning these days, recent investigations suggest that cleaners are still rushed and undersupplied. So you’d better treat every surface you touch ___8___ it were radioactive, and wipe it with a disinfecting wipe before plopping down.【答案】1. neither/nor 2. when 3. infected 4. Drive 5. staying 6. can 7. Despite 8. as if【解析】这是一篇说明文。

上海市七宝中学2020-2021学年高三上期中考试英语试卷满分：140分I. Listening Comprehension (25’)Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. She earned an award. B. She helped plan the award ceremony.C. She should work more for the community.D. She served as chairperson of the committee.2. A. Exchange the tickets. B. Take care of his cold.C. Watch the game at home.D. Wear a warmer coat to the game.3. A. She collects pictures of cars. B. She likes the design of the car.C. Someone famous is riding in the car.D. The car is in front of something interesting.4. A. She hears a new post office has just opened. B. She doesn’t know where the post office is.C. She thinks the post office is nearby.D. She hasn’t received any mail yet.5. A. Get his shower fixed. B. Take a shower at the gym.C. Find out when the gym is open.D. Move to another building.6. A. Deliver the package in person. B. Pick up the package at the post office.C. Ask to have the package delivered to his home.D. Find out the opening hours of the post office.7. A. She is difficult to find. B. She is a good doctor.C. She used to be his doctor.D. She is fairly old.8. A. She needs to buy a new coat. B. Her coat is similar to the man’s.C. Her sweater is not warm enough.D. The man should have worn a sweater.hasn’t been graded.received a low grade.C. The committee is discussing it.D. The woman hasn’t submitted it.10. A. He recently spent a month in Chicago. B. There are many things to do in Chicago.C. Chicago is an expensive place to have funD. He is also going on the trip next month.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked to questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Collect second-hand books. B. Sell old books.C. Work in a supermarket.D. Reading books in a supermarket.had the writer’s name on was partly destroyed.used to belong to was more valuable than thought.13. A. He gave it to the woman for free. B. He burnt it into ashes.C. He signed his own name on it.D. He wrote a story about it.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. Shoes made for one particular customer.B. Shoes that take three months to make.C. Shoes designed by some famous companies.D. Shoes that have been popular for a century.15. A. They are beginning to make women’s shoes. B. They are increasing in number.C. They are old-fashioned.D. They are large enough.16. A. They bring wearers a great fortune.B. They, together with the wearers, are unique.C. The wearers live in the same way as 100 years ago.D. The wearers like things that can last.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear a longer conversation. The conversation will be read twice. After you hear the conversation, you are required to answer the following questions.17. A. Back-up devices for electricity failure.B. The necessity of electricity in daily life.C. Tips for a safe electricity supply.D. Electricity supply on aero-planes.18. A. 20 percent. B.13 percent. C. 5 percent. D. 3 percent.19. A. It must be reliable and supplied at a constant speed.B. It must be able to repair itself in case of any failure.C. It must vary in rate according to how fast a plane flies.D. It must be equal to the amount of electricity consumed by 15 homes.20. A. Charge on-board batteries. B. Keep vital systems working.C. Deliver 50 kilowatts of power.D. Provide on-board patients with help.II. Grammar and vocabulary (20’)Section ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.American Mikah Meyer has an unusual goal. He wants to visit all of the more than 400 properties operated by the National Park Service.He spent January 2017 visiting historic areas in the southeastern United States.One of his first stops was Fort Sumter, 21________ former military position in waters just off the coast of Charleston, South Carolina. Fort Sumter is famous for being the place where the first shot of the Civil War 22________(fire). It is also 23________ the first person killed in the conflict died.After years of rising tensions between Northern and Southern states, the two sides clashed in Charleston Harbor on April 12, 1861. That was when the Southern army launched an artillery attack on Fort Sumter. Federal troops surrendered the fort a short time later. Union forces eventually fought 24________(regain) control of the base, and defeated the South in 1865. A lone cannon symbolizes the fierce battle that took place on April 12, 1861, when Confederate artillery opened fire on this federal fort in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, marking it 25________ the day when the Civil War began.As he stood inside the large walls of Fort Sumter National Monument, Mikah Meyer looked across the water to the port at Charleston. He imagined what the area must have looked like more than a century and half ago. "You'll see across that bridge, Charleston, South Carolina. It was under siege at one point for 17 months. There were cannons that 26________ fire from where I'm standing on the fort all the way to the old town..." Meyer also visited the Charles Pinckney National Historic Site in South Carolina. There he had a chance to learn about Charles Pinckney, who helped write – and was a signer of -- the U.S. Constitution. Charles Pinckney was 29 years old when he helped draft the United States Constitution, 27________ he signed as a representative of South Carolina. He dedicated his considerable political and legal talents to 28________(establish) a strong national government. "Some people call him our forgotten founding father, but he was a political figure of early America who helped shape 29________ our eventual constitution ended up looking like..." The National Park Service helps care for what remains of Pinckney's former home and farm. Park service workers tell the stories of 18th- century plantation life for free and enslaved people.During his travels in January, Meyer had a surprise. Barack Obama, in his last few days as president, named a new national park site in Beaufort, just southof Charleston. It is called the Reconstruction Era National Monument. The Reconstruction Era National Monument will help tell the story of post-Civil war America.The Reconstruction Era 30________(stretch) from 1861 to 1898. It was a period when Americans struggled with the treatment of newly freed African Americans. The new national monument will help tell that story.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Dear Colleagues,It is good to join you. Let me begin by expressing my sincere appreciation to His Majesty King Salman and Saudi Arabia for having done tremendous work of communication and coordination to make this summit possible. Facing the COVID-19 outbreak that caught us all by 31________, the Chinese government and Chinese people have been undaunted as we took on this formidable task. From day one of our fight against the outbreak, we have put people's life and health first. We have acted according to the overall 32________ of shoring up confidence, strengthening unity, ensuring science-based control and treatment and imposing targeted measures. We have 33________ the whole nation, set up collective control and treatment mechanisms and acted with openness and transparency. What we fought was a people's war against the outbreak. We have put up a strenuous struggle and made tremendous sacrifices. Now the situation in China is moving steadily in a positive direction. Life and work are quickly returning to normal. Yet, there is no way we will lower our guard or relax control.At the most difficult moment in our fight against the outbreak, China received assistance and help from a lot of members of the global 34________. Such expressions of friendship will always be remembered and cherished by the Chinese people.Major infectious disease is the enemy of all. As we speak, the COVID-19 outbreak is spreading worldwide, 35________ enormous threat to life and health and bringing formidable challenge to global public health security. The situation is disturbing and 36________. At such a moment, it is imperative for the international community to strengthen confidence, act with unity and work together in a collective response. We must 37________ step up international cooperation and foster greater synergy so that humanity as one could win the battle against such a major infectious disease.For that to happen, I would like to put forth four proposals.First, we need to be 38________ in fighting an all-out global war against the COVID-19 outbreak. The community of nations must move swiftly to stem the spread of the virus. In this regard, I propose that a G20 health ministers' meeting be convened as quick as possible to improve information sharing, strengthen cooperation on drugs, vaccines and epidemic control, and cut off cross-border infections. G20 members need to jointly help developing countries with weak public health systems enhance preparedness and response. I propose a G20 COVID-19 assistance 39________ for better information sharing and policy and action coordination with the support of the World Health Organization. Guided by the vision of building a community with a shared future for mankind, China will be more than ready to share our good practices, conduct joint research and development of drugs and vaccines, and provide assistance where we can to countries 40________ by the growing outbreak. (excerpt)III. Reading Comprehension (45’)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank w ith the word or phrase that best fits the context.Economy rebounding after dropChina's economy experienced a sharp decline in the first quarter due to disruptions caused by the novel coronavirus outbreak, but major economic indicators improved substantially in March, indicating the country's recovery has gained a firmer footing, officials and economists said on Friday.Supportive government policies are expected to intensify in the coming quarters to expand 41________ demand by stimulating investment and consumption as the global spread of the virus may bring more headwinds to the world's second-largest economy.China's GDP in the first quarter 42________ by 6.8 percent from a year earlier, according to the National Bureau of Statistics.43________ it remains unclear whether the government will still set a GDP growth target for the year, economists said China's policy priority for the next step needs to focus on stimulating demand and stabilizing employment to 44________ a sustainable economic recovery.More proactive fiscal policies and more accommodative monetary policies are needed to prevent the economy from experiencing a second wave of 45________ caused by the global economic downturn amid the COVID-19 outbreak, they added.The country's industrial production shrank by 8.4 percent year-on-year(与上年同期相比) in the first quarter, but the decline narrowed from a 13.5 percent drop in the first two months, according to the NBS.Fixed-asset investment, which includes infrastructure and real estate investment, declined by 16.1 percent year-on-year during the first quarter, compared with a 24.5 percent plunge in the first two months.The outbreak created a severe 46________ to the country's economy in the first quarter, but major economic 47________ rebounded in March and the country's economic performance will improve further in the second quarter, NBS spokesman Mao Shengyong said at a news 48________ in Beijing on Friday.The government will 49________ policy support to expand domestic demand by increasing effective investment and releasing consumption 50________. More tax relief and financial aid will be offered to businesses to help them 51________ production and make it through the difficult times, Mao said.The Chinese stock market rose on Friday with the benchmark(基准) Shanghai Composite Index(综合指标) up by 0.66 percent to close at 2,838.49 points as the first-quarter economic shrink was 52________ in line with investors' expectations.Lian Ping, chief economist at Zhixin Investment, said the government needs to intensify policy support to prevent the economy from suffering one more time from the global economic downturn and possible collapse of 53________ demand.Chinese companies, including exporters, have seen an increase in 54________ of orders. While most large enterprises have started production again, according to NBS calculations, many smaller companies are still struggling to go back to work under rising financial difficulties and 55________ shortages."As overseas demand is shrinking dramatically, China's policy focus in the future should be on expanding domestic demand, and consumption is the most important area. More favorable policies are needed to stimulate consumption in durable goods including houses and automobiles," Lian said.41.A.social B.overseas C.agricultural D.domestic42.A.increased B.contrasted C.expanded D.contracted43.A.However B.Since C.While D.Because44.A.facilitate ern C. restrain D.transform45.A.outbreaks B. disruptions C. pandemics D.benefits46.A.blow B.recovery C.mobility D.resilience47.A.measures B.implications C.indicators D.symbols48.A.agency B.conference C.reporter D.exposure49.A.make up B.step up C.cover up D.bring up50.A.order B.accommodation C.potential D.implementation51.A.expand B.inspect C.evaluate D.resume52.A.broadly B.specifically C.initially D.elaborately53.A.internal B.external C.supply D.food54.A.alternatives B.applications C.cancellations plaints55.A.management B.fund C. supervision borSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AFamily violence and abuse prevention strategies are focused at three levels: the general population, specific groups thought to be at high risk for abuse, and families who have already experienced abuse. Public education and media campaigns aimed at the general population convey the criminal nature of domestic assault, suggest ways to prevent abuse, and identify where abuse victims can get help. However, to prevent or reduce family violence, education, elements of American culture that contribute to such violence must change. For example, violence in the media must be controlled or eliminated, and traditional gender roles and views of women and children as property must be replaced with egalitarian gender roles and respect for women and children.Another cultural change is to reduce violence-related stress by reducing poverty and unemployment and by providing adequate housing, nutrition, media care, and educational opportunities for everyone. Though programs such as Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) and Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) were not designed to pr event domestic violence and abuse, “they provide important assistance to low income families and thus support the functioning of these families.” Integrating families into networks of community would also enhanc e family’s well-being and provide support for families under stress.What social interventions are available for families that are already experiencing abuse or neglected? Abused women and children may seek relief at a shelter or a safe house for abused women and children with housing, food, counseling services, legal assistance, employment assistance, and an environment that empowers women byencouraging them to make independent choices about their abusive relationships and about their future. Shelters also provide a communal living situation with other abused women, which reduces the sense of isolation and helps the women express their anger and overcome feelings of guilt and inadequacy. An alternative to shelter is a safe house, a private home of individuals who volunteer to provide temporary housing to abused women who decide to leave their violent homes. Battered men are not allowed to stay at women’s shelters, but many shelters help abused men by providing money for a motel room, counseling, and support services.56. The word “egalitarian” in the first paragraph most probably means “_______”.A. relating to economicsB. relating to everyday eventsC. having to do with legal contractsD. having to do with equal treatment57.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a way to directly reduce violence infamilies?A. Cutting down on violence in the mediaB. the AFDC programC. Reducing unemploymentD. Strengthening family ties58. According to the passage, which of the following statements does the writer seem to support?A. Providing women more wealth can largely reduce family abuse.B. Laws must be passed to prevent family abuse.C. Unfair attitude towards women is the only cause of family abuse.D. Women should be equally paid.59. The last paragraph is organized by ____.A. listing the order of events in helping abused womenB. defining the term “safe house”C. discussing the effects of family violenceD. listing social interventions available to help the abusedBMagical Harry Potter CompetitionHow to enterSimply draw your Patronus(保护神）in the postcard-sized space below. It’s entirely up to you which creature you decide to draw. Just make sure you tell us what it is. Then fill in all the details on the form and send the whole thing to us at My Patronus, The Week Junior magazine, 31-32 Alfred Place, London, WC1E 7DP. Alternatively, you can scan your entry form and email it to competiton@, using the subject header MY PATRONUS. Your entry must reach us no later than June 2020.The entries will be judged by a panel that includes artist Levi Pinfold — who illustrates the house editions of the Harry Potter books; Emily Drabble from the charity BookTrust; and AnnaBassi, editor-in-chief of The Week Junior. Winners will be announced in The Week Junior issueOne lucky overall winner will receive a huge bundle of Harry Potter prizes including:* A family ticket to Warner Bros. Studio Tour London -The Making of Harry Potter (including up to £100 of train vouchers and up to £250 for accommodation).Y ou’ll be able to step onto authentic sets，discover the magic behind spellbinding special effects and explore the behind-the-scenes secrets of the Harry Potter film series, located at the studios where it all began.* A personalized Hogwarts house trunk full of goodies from your chosen house.* A set of the first three Harry Potter novels in hardback in your house livery, illustrated by Levi Pinfold.* A limited-edition print of artwork from the house editions, signed by artist Levi Pinfold.* Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban hardback illustrated edition signed by Kim Kay.The winner’s school will get:* Hardback editions of all seven Harry Potter novels, with cover illustrations by Jonny Duddle.* Hardback illustrated editions of the first three Harry Potter books, illustrated by Jim Kay.* The Tales of Beedle the Bard illustrated edition by Chris Riddell.* A year's subscription to The Week Junior.Runners-up* Nine runners-up will each receive a set of the first three hardback house editions in your Hogwarts house livery. Their school will get a complete set of Harry Potter hardbacks with cover illustrations by Jonny Duddle, and a year's subscription to The Week Junior.60. To enter for the competition, participants must_________ .A. send the completed form to charity BookTrustB. draw and describe their chosen PatronusC. purchase a complete set of Harry Potter seriesD. agree to subscribe to The Week Junior for a year61. What will the winner's school and the runners-up’ schools get?A. The renewal of magazine subscription.B. A set of Harry Potter novels.C. A personalized Hogwarts house trunk.D. Books illustrated by Jim Kay.62. Which of the following is TRUE about the competition?A. The judges of the competition are illustrators and editors by profession.B. The winner list will be announced no later than June 2020.C. One lucky winner can visit the Harry Potter movie sets with his/her family.D. First prize winner may win an award of up to £350 for accommodation.CGreat work is work that makes a difference in people’s lives, writes David Sturt, Executive Vice Pre sident of the O.C. Tanner Institute, in his book Great Work: How to Make a Difference People Love. Sturt insists, however, that great work is not just for surgeons or special-needs educators or the founders of organizations trying to eliminate poverty in sub-Saharan Africa. The central theme of Great Work, according to Sturt, is that anyone can make a difference in any job. It’s not the nature of the job, but what you do with the jo b that counts. As proof, Sturt tells the story of a remarkable hospital cleaner named Moses.In a building filled with doctors and nurses doing great life-saving work, Moses the cleaner makes a difference. Whenever he enters a room, especially a room with a sick child, he engages both patients and parentswith his optimism and cal m, introducing himself to the child and, Sturt writes, speaking “little comments about light and sunshine and making things clean.” He comments on any progress he sees day by day (“you’re sitting up today, that’s good.”) Moses is no doctor and doesn’t pret end to be, but he has witnessed hundreds of sick children recovering from painful surgery, and parents take comfort from his encouraging words. For Matt and Mindi, whose son McKay was born with only half of a heart, Moses became a close friend. As Sturt ex plains, “Moses took his innate (与生俱来的) talents (his sensitivity) and his practical wisdom (from years of hospital experience) and combined them into a powerful form of patient and family support that changed the critical-care experience for Mindi, Matt and little McKay.”How do people like Moses do great work when so many people just work? That was the central question raised by Sturt and his team at the O.C. Tanner Institute, a consulting company specialized in employee recognition and rewards system.O.C. Tanner launched an exhaustive Great Work study that included surveys to 200 senior executives, a further set of surveys to 1,000 managers and employees working on projects, an in-depth qualitative study of 1.7 million accounts of award-winning work (in the form of nominations (提名) for awards from corporations around the world), and one-on-one interviews with 200 difference makers. The results of the study revealed that those who do great work refuse to be defeated by the constraints of their jobs and are especially able to reframe their jobs: they don’t view their jobs as a list of tasks and responsibilities but see their jobs as opportunities to make a difference. No matter, as Moses so ably exemplifies (例证), what that job may be.63. According to Sturt, which of the following is TRUE?A. It’s not the nature of the job, but what you do that makes a difference.B. Anyone in the world is responsible to delete poverty and change the world.C. Anyone can make a difference in people’s lives no matter what kind of job he does.D. Surgeons, special-needs educators and founders of organizations can succeed more easily.64. According to this passage, how does Moses, a common hospital cleaner, make adifference in people’s lives?A. By keeping optimistic and calm when facing patients and their parents at hospital.B. By showing his special gift and working experience when working at hospital.C. By showing his sympathy and kindness to patients when entering their rooms.D. By pretending to be a doctor or nurse when entering a room with a sick child.65. The word “constraints” in the last paragraph probably refers to ______.A.demandsB. advantagesC. disadvantagesD. limitations66. What can we infer from the passage?A. Great work is work that makes a difference in people’s lives no matter what you do.B. If a boss has trouble recognizing his employees, he can ask O.C. Tanner for advice.C. Moses makes a difference through his sensitivity and his practical wisdom.D. Those who do great work are never defeated by others or their jobs themselves.Section CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each Sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. The simplicity masks deeper layers.B. This is the Mario those who grew up with Nintendo know best.C. Yes, you really can play one-handed.Mario on an iPhone? It worksThis was not supposed to happen. For years, fans had tried to persuade Nintendo, a Japanese company, to put Mario on smartphones. 67___________________________________. Until Dec. 15, when Nintendo released Super Mario Run, for Apple iPhones and iPads. The bigger surprise? Super Mario Run is excellent.68___________________________________________. He is still the plumber who dashes from left to right across fields of grassy blocks, rivers of coins and so on. The difference is that Mario moves automatically as soon as a level loads, animated by an algorithm. Instead of controlling Mario directly, players tap to interrupt his motion and make more imaginative choices. A quick rap (连续敲击) makes Mario hop, while a longer one boosts him twice as high. If you need to clear a crack, tap midair and he’ll pirouette (竖趾旋转) , flying a bit further. It’s intuitive.69_________________________________________. Tap near a wall or when landing on blocks painted with reverse arrows, for instance, and Mario springs backward, letting you break the game’s one-wayness. It’s smart, less-is-more design that plays to the strengths of touchscreen gaming without sacrificing precision. For all its hesitance in embracing smartphones and tablets, Nintendo seems to have had no trouble designing software for them.There is one fairly serious problem with Super Mario Run: the game works only with an active Internet connection. Sever(断绝) that and the game throws up an error screen. 70____________________________________. This means you can’t play Super Mario Run on a plane without paying for wi-fi. You’re out of luck for the part of your subway commute that involves cell-service dropouts.Other than that, Super Mario Run impresses in ways sure to convince that designing games on smartphones is still a rapidly evolving—and improving—art form.第II 卷I．Summary (10’)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.EnvyIt’s a familiar but uncomfortable feeling. Your best friend will marry a handsome doctor, and the congratulatory hug you offer lacks genuine warmth. Your friend is made the t eam for Saturday’s big game, and you take a certain pleasure in telling him you can’t be there to watch him play. You smile but a voice in your head asks, why them and not you?Envy is a shortcoming of character we like to keep in our heart secretly. How shameful is it not to be looking forward with delight to your day as your best friend's bridesmaid! Who would hope your friend might suffer some injury, so you can take his place on the team?Envy is everywhere. It seems to be in our nature to hate others' gifts and good fortune, especially if we see them as advantages they shouldn't have.Envy raises its ugly head when we focus on what we want but we don’t possess now. Worse still, we may even wish for and take pleasure in someone's losing what we have always desired. When you compare yourself and your life unfavorably with your friend or your colleague, you can only keep your darker emotions.So, is there a solution? Is there anything you can do to get rid of this most ungenerous emotion? Well, why not make envy the motivation you need for self-improvement? The best weapon against envy is not to compete where you can’t shine, but to do your absolute best where you can.Start by making peace with yourself, and accept the gifts which make you unique. Make an agreement with。

上海市七宝中学2020-2021学年高二下学期期中英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、用单词的适当形式完成短文Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A Movie review: The Wandering earthIn the near future, the sun is dying, leaving the freezing planet on the edge of destruction. 1．is left of humanity is huddled in underground cities created with an eye-catching combination of steam-punk (蒸汽朋克), brutalist (野兽派的), and futurist influences by the production designer. The United Earth? Government, 2．is never seen and represented only by a French voice, has decided the only solution is to propel the planet to another galaxy 4.2 light years away. 3．depends on 10,000 giant rocket thrusters being kept alight for the 2,500-year journey. Liu Peiqiang, a widowed astronaut played with appro priate solemnity by “Wolf Warrior” series superstar Wu Jing, is sent to a space station and tasked with navigating Earth’s path through the solar system, leaving behind young so Liu Qi and father-in-law Han Zi’ang. Seventeen years later, Liu’s still in orb it, while Liu Qi (Qu Chuxiao) has become an angry young man and self-proclaimed genius who blames his mother’s early death 4．his absent father. On the very day when his dad is due to finish stint and return home, Liu Qi and adopted teenage sister Duoduo sneak away to see the frozen surface for the first time. As they 5．(take) in the spectacular sights of ice-covered Beijing, a major rocket thruster malfunction sends Earth into the sights of ice-covered Beijing, a major rocket thruster malfunction sends Earth into the gravitational pull of Jupiter. 6．a miracle occurs in the next 37 hours, it will be Goodbye Earth.……‘The Wandering Earth’ Chinese commercial cinema reaches a significant landmark with its first-ever sci-fi megahit. Director Frant Gwo’s adapt ation of the 2000 novella by Liu Cixin is no genre classic, but its furious pace, spectacular visuals, and fanciful plot deliver decent escapist entertainment. After accumulating an astronomical $640 million- plus domestically-plus a tidy $5 million on limited North American screens-since Feb. 5, this display of capability from China’s commercial film sector was snapped up by Netflix for future release on the streaming giant’s platform. A hyperactive mixture of doomsday films rangingfrom ‘50s classic. “When Worlds Collide” to Micheal Bays bombastic “Armageddon” and, 7．(notably), Ishiro Honda’s 1962 Japanese space opera “Gorath”, “The Wandering Earth” is perhaps most striking for its lack of nationalism and propaganda (宣传). Soft diplomacy, at most, is the order of the day. Politicians, bureaucrats (官僚), and army commanders are nowhere 8．(see). There’s barely a Chinese flag in sight, nor any chest- beating about Chinese ingenuity and leadership. Instead, a Chinese flag in sight, nor any chest-beating about Chinese ingenuity and leadership. Instead, what is presented is a traditional tale of nations and people 9．(pull) together to save the planet, with heavy does of guilt, sacrifice, and redemption from the human characters. With global conflict and division so prevalent today, it’s no wonder than these messages of hope and unity 10．strike an emotional chord in many viewers, create positive word-of-mouth, and make the film much more accessible for international audiences.二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Tablets are really useful devices, but their big screens always make them a burden to carry around without a bag. Wo uldn’t it be great if there were a phone with the powers of a tablet that could be folded up and fit 11．into the hand?Now something like a tablet-shaped but fold-able phone is about to become 12．. In February, South Korean electronics company Samsung and China’s Huawei both unveiled fold-able phones Galaxy Fold and Huawei Mate X 13．. Mobile phone use has entered the “fold-able future”, The Verge noted.The technology could change our lives in significant ways. These devices, due to their 14．screens, give us the larger screens we want. Meanwhile, they still fit easily into the pocket. As USA Today noted, they’re “the 15．of a small tablets and smart-phone, all in a single device”.The technology could 16．other devices too. For example, we could make TVs that stick to walls like posters, or fold up easily to hide away in drawers. In crowded modem cities, they will help us to 17．available space.In a keynote address, Samsung’s senior vice president of mobile product marketing, Justin Denison, called the fold-able screen “the 18．for the smart-phone of tomorrow.” “It’s a balank canvas for us to do something beautiful together,” he said.So is there nothing to stand in the way of the fold-able future?According to tech news website Android authority, the necessary displays were difficult to produce. In 2012, nine out of every to OLED screens produced were 19．. Today, that 10 percent rate has been improved to between 50 and 90 percent. However, at present thesefold-able devices are expensive. For example, the price of Huawei Mate X is 17,500 RMB．That’s a price that may 20．the majority of people.But if the fold-able device isn’t going to change the world overnight, there is no doubt that it is coming.Patrick Moor-head, an industry analyst told The Verge, “Few are debating if fold-able or roll-able mobile displays are the future of smart-phones; the only question is when and by whom.”Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Why Cold weather Causes So many Flight Cancellation?Each year, about 60,000 flights get canceled because of bad winter weather, which costs airlines and airports an estimated $3 billion. But it’s not the freez ing cold temperatures that cause problems for planes. After all, 21．jets fly 10 kilometers up, where temperatures hover around -50 degrees Celsius.In fact, planes 22．in cold weather, since cold air is denser and leads to better thrust. Clearly, the real problem isn’t what’s going on up there. It’s what’s happening on the ground.When a 23．polar vortex (极地涡旋) struck the Midwestern US in January 2019, temperatures dropped to -40 degrees Celsius and airline canceled 3,000 flights nationwide. In these situations, when temperatures start 24．, everything slows down. Cargo doors can freeze up, along with the nozzles that pump fuel into planes, which delays the 25．process.Even the plane itself can freeze over. Just a quarter-inch - thick layer of ice on a plane can disrupt the way air flows over its wings.Les Westbrooks: The number one reason, I would say, that the reason flights get delayed in cold weather is going to be because there’s some kind of frozen precipitation, from frost to snow to a sheet of ice, adhering to the aircraft, adhering to the wings of the aircraft 26．.That’s Les Westbrooks, a retired airline pilot and an associate professor of aeronautical science at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. He says that 27．, these planes are “de-iced” - but this also delays takeoff. The crew can spray the plane with a special hot water/ glycol mixture. It can take around 40 minutes to de-ice large passenger airplanes, so planes often have to wait “their turn” for the de-icing station, which, of course, can trigger more delays.And ice on the runway, of course, creates another set of 28．. In 2014, a plane at JFK skidded off an icy runway and into a mound of snow, leading to an hours-long shutdown at the airport. And even though crews can remove ice from the runway, scraping it off the pavement can lead to potholes (坑洞) and other 29．, which makes takeoffs and landings more dangerous. And of course, snow and freezing rain on the ground can affect visibility to the point where officials have to decide it’s not s afe to fly at all.But if ice and snow aren’t the problem in these extremely cold temperatures, it’s usually another factor: people.Les Westbrooks: The airplane flies at high altitudes, -60 degrees. It’s made to do that. Humans are not made to be outside in -60 degrees weather. And so the human factor becomes a big, big factor, when it becomes extremely cold.Baggage handlers, aircraft fuelers, and mechanics all have to stay warm. Some airports, like O’Hare in Chicago, set up heated shelters for their empl oyees. Of course, with everyone taking breaks to warm up, not as much gets done, which leads to even more delays and cancellations. Passengers start missing their 30．flights, and that, along with passengers who can’t make it to the airport due to bad road conditions, leads to half-empty planes.In fact, many airlines might preemptively cancel flights before bad weather even hits. So, in the end, you can still blame cold weather for cancelling your flight.三、完形填空Working on holidays has always presented something of a class divide. From the 1870s through the 1920s, middle-and-upper-class Americans often lived with “the help”—mostly women of color whose job was to cook and clean and care for others, day and night. While shows like Dowton Abbey seek to give 31 to servants, they also sanitize(粉饰) what was a cruel, back-breaking existence. It was common for a housemaid’s day to begin well before the family rose and extend until after they 32 for the evening. They did so seven days a week: working more than 80 hours a week - more than the 65 hours most factory workers worked at the time. While we often imagine that these women were young and single, Evelyn Nakano Gleen’s research on such care providers has sh own that over 30% of them were married many with children. As they worked very hard for families not 33 , they left their children, parents, siblings and husbands behind. Thanksgiving or Christmas was no doubt one of the hardest times of the year, and their own families felt their 34 .The labor movement was 35 to changing this sorry state of affairs. Unions raised wages, lowered hours, instituted worker protections, guaranteed a minimum wage and 36 holidays off for workers. Those who did have to work on national holidays were guaranteed overtime pay. When unions were strong, such benefits even 37 to non-unionized workers.But as unions have 38 , part-time work has increased. And this has meant lower wages and greater 39 . Working at $11 an hour for 25 hours a week means making 14,300 a year. For most retail workers, that’s one of the better jobs that are available. And40 , it’s a job without health insurance, or a retirement plan, with constant scheduling changes that make it hard to take additional 41 . Most of these workers wish they could work more, but employers would rather hire other part-timers. So when the boss says, “Can you work Thanksgiving?” workers have no real choice but to be 42 .Today, working on holidays carries no guarantee of extra pay, and not working can mean losing one’s job. Some workers are 43 ; Walmart employees have planned over 1,000 Black Friday strikes because of unchanging wages and health care premiums (保险费) that will soon triple. Americans have a choice of helping these workers regain the 44 , or walking past them in order to shop more. And that is the irony to the trend of stores opening on Thanksgiving. On the same day that we give thanks for all we have, why must we also rush out to buy more? Observers might say, “It’s just the logic of the market!” But the logic of the market is not some mystical process. It is the result of the 45 that we make. 31．A．rise B．power C．life D．pleasure 32．A．retired B．retreated C．relaxed D．rebelled 33．A．in their favor B．of their own C．to their pleasure D．at their convenience34．A．exhaustion B．disappointment C．reluctance D．absence 35．A．central B．subject C．sensitive D．beneficial 36．A．provided B．secured C．organized D．arranged 37．A．stuck B．occurred C．appealed D．extended 38．A．rose B．declined C．survived D．defended 39．A．uncertainty B．devotion C．trouble D．influence 40．A．therefore B．also C．instead D．still 41．A．business B．suggestion C．employment D．welfare 42．A．sincere B．determined C．offensive D．willing 43．A．taking over B．fighting back C．giving up D．looking forward 44．A．protection B．identities C．salaries D．promotions 45．A．efforts B．contributions C．decisions D．achievements四、阅读选择We made a choice…Will you support it today? Our journalism now reaches record numbers around the world and more than a million people have supported our reporting. We continue to face financial challenges but, unlike many news organisation, we haven’t put up a pay-wall. We want our journalism to remain accessible to all, regardless of where they live or what they can afford.This is The Guardians model for open, independent journalism: free for those who can’t afford it, supported by those who can. Readers’ support powers our work, safeguarding our essential editorial independence. This means the responsibility of protecting independent journalism is shared, enabling us all to feel empowered to bring about real change in the world. Your support gives Guardian journalists the time, space and freedom to report with tenacity and rigour, to shed light where others won’t. It emboldens us to challenge authority and question the status quo. And by keeping all of our journalism free and open to all, we can foster inclusivity; diversity, make space for debate, inspire conversation-so more people have access to accurate information with integrity at its heart.Guardian journalism is rooted in facts with a progressive perspective on the world. We are editorially independent, meaning we set our own agenda. Our Journalism is free from commercial bias and not influenced by billionaire owners, politicians or shareholders. No one steers our opinion. At a time when there are so few sources of information you can really trust,this is vital as it enables us to give a voice to those less heard, challenge the powerful and hold them to account. Your support means we can keep investigating and exploring the critical issues of our time.Our model allows people to support us in a way that works for them. Every time a reader like you makes a contribution to The Guardian, no matter how big or small, it goes directly into funding our journalism. But we need to build on this support for the years ahead.Support The Guardian from as little as SI- and it only takes a minute. Thank you. 46．The following descriptions of The Guardian are true EXCEPT ________.A．Some readers may find it difficult to afford it if The Guardian puts up a paywall.B．It strives to ensure journalism independence, tree from financial or political influence. C．It intends to give a voice to those disadvantaged and challenge the powerful.D．It tries its best to be editorially dependent, taking shareholders’ opinions into account. 47．Which of the following might The Guardian do in the daily operation?A．It requires those who c an afford it to pay for the subscription and spares those who can’t. B．It helps protect the legal rights of certain victim by challenging someone in authority. C．It stops looking into something if all the other media have made the same conclusion. D．It rec eives some donation and then uses it to finance the journalists’ further education. 48．The underlined word “inclusivity” may mean that The Guardian’s reports ________. A．show no discrimination against anybody or anythingB．cover something that it considers quite worthy of concernC．focus a lot on whether some information is accurate enoughD．involve an appeal for support from readers all over the worldThe Railroad BuildersThe Central Pacific Railroad is the first transcontinental railroad in North America, honored by BBC as one of the seven miracles after Industrial Revolution. It had made a great contribution to the US’s economy but it couldn’t be completed without Chinese labors hard work. In order to build the railroad, a lot of workers were imported from China. They had to bear the brunt of the work, deal with the dreadful environment and endure with littler pay. What challenges did they meet? And how did they cope with them?Join us in the railroad builders to find the answers!The first Transcontinen tal Railroad (known originally as the “Pacific Railroad” and lateras the “Overland Route”) was a railroad line built in the United States of America between 1863 and 1869. By linking with the existing railway network of the Eastern United States, the road thus connected the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the United States by rail for the first time. It was one of the crowning achievements in the crossing of plains and high mountains westward by the Union Pacific and eastward by the Central Pacific.49．Which of the following is Not true about the Central Pacific Railroad?A．It was built by more than one railroad company working together.B．It was constructed by Chinese labors solely.C．It is an engineering marvel recognized even today.D．It was completed with blood, sweat and tears.50．Which of the following expressions is closest in meaning to the underlined phrase “bear the brunt”?A．handle the difficulty B．deserve the creditC．suffer the main part D．come under attack51．It can be inferred from the article that ________.A．Before the construction of Pacific Railroad began, there was no railroad in America B．Pacific Railroad was intended to realize President Lin coln’s dream after he diedC．The Chinese labors earned a lot by building Pacific Railroad at the cost of their health and evenD．It took people much longer to travel from the Atlantic coast to the Pacific coast in America before 186952．This article may well be from the official website of ________.A．a television channel B．a railroad companyC．BBC documentaries D．a journal on rail buildingImagine you went to a restaurant with a date: had a burger, paid with a credit card, and left. The next time you go there, the waiter or waitress, armed with your profile data, greets you with, “Hey Joe, how are you? Mary is over there in the seat you sat in last time. Would you like to join her for dinner again?” Then you find out that your burger has been cooked an d your drink is on the table. Forget the fact that you are with another date and are on a diet that doesn’t include burgers. Sound a little bizarre? To some, this is restaurant equivalent of the Internet. The Net’s ability to profile you through your visit s to and interactions at websites provides marketers with an enormous amount of data on you—some of which you may not want them tohave.Are you aware that almost every time you access a website you get a “cookie”? Unfortunately, it’s not the Mrs. Reid’s t ype. A cookie on the Internet is a computer code sent by the site to your computer—usually without your knowledge. During the entire period of time that you are at the site, the cookie is collecting information about your interaction, including where you visit, how long you stay there, how frequently you return to certain pages, and even your electronic address. Fill out a survey to collect free information or samples and marketers know even more about you—like your name, address, and any other information you provide. While this may sound scary enough, cookies aren’t even the latest in technology. A new system called I-librarian Alexa—named for the legendary third century B．C．library in Alexandria, Egypt- does even more. While cookies track what you are doing at one site, Alexa collects data on all your Web activity, such as which sites you visit next, how long you stay there, whether you click on ads, etc. All this information is available to markets, who use it to market more effectively to you. Not only do you not get paid for providing the information, you probably don’t even know that you are giving it.53．In the restaurant story, the author may most probably think the waiter or waitress to be ________.A．considerate B．well-manneredC．annoying D．incredible54．The author makes up the restaurant story in order to ________.A．show the good service offered in some Web restaurantsB．criticize some restaurants for too considerate serviceC．show the Internet s ability to collect data on youD．prove the great power of the Internet55．What can be learned about “Alexa” from the second paragraph?A．Alexa is named after an ancient hero in Egypt.B．Alexa is installed in libraries.C．Alexa can collect all the necessary data on you.D．Alexa can provide more data for marketers than a cookies.56．Which of the following words can best reflect the authors’ attitude to cookies and Alexa? A．Critical. B．Suspicious.C．Objective. D．Optimistic.Whether work should be placed among the causes of happiness or among the causes of unhappiness may perhaps be regarded as a doubtful question. There is certainly much work which is exceedingly weary and an excess of work is always very painful. I think, however, that, provided work is not excessive in amount, even the dullest work is to most people less painful than idleness. There are in work all grades, from mere relief of tedium up to the profoundest delights, according to the nature of the work and the abilities of the worker most of the work that most people have to do is not in itself interesting, but even such work has certain great advantages.To Begin with, it fills a good many hours of the day without the need of deciding what one shall do. Most people, when they are left free to fill their own time according to their own choice, are at a loss to think of anything sufficiently pleasant to be worth doing. And whatever they decided, they are troubled by the feeling that something else would have been pleasanter. To be able to fill leisure intelligently is the last product of civilization, and at present very few people have reached this level. Moreover the exercise of choice is in itself tiresome. Except to people with unusual initiative it is positively agreeable to be told what to do at each hour of the day, provided the orders are not too unpleasant. Most of the idle rich suffer unspeakable boredom as the price of their freedom from exhausting work. At times they may find relief by hunting big game in Africa, or by flying round the world, but the number of such sensations is limited, especially after youth is past. Accordingly the more intelligent rich men work nearly as hard as if they were poor, while rich women for the most part keep themselves busy with innumerable trifles of those earth-shaking importance they are firmly persuaded.Work therefore is desirable, first and foremost, as a preventive of boredom, for the boredom that a man feels when he is doing necessary though uninteresting work is as nothing in comparison with the boredom that he feels when he has nothing to do with his days. With this advantage of work another is associated, namely that it makes holidays much more delicious when they come. Provided a man does not have to work so hard as to impair his vigor he is likely to find far more pleasure in his free time than an idle man could possibly find.The second advantage of most paid work and of some unpaid work is that it gives chances of success and opportunities for ambition. In most work success is measured by income, and while our capitalistic society continues, this is inevitable. It is only where the best work is concerned that this measure ceases to be the natural one to apply. The desire that men feel toincrease their income is quite as much a desire for success as for the extra comforts that a higher income can acquire. However dull work may be, it becomes bearable if it is a means of building up a reputation, whether in the world at large or only in ones own circle.57．What is the author’s opinion about work?A．Work can keep people busy as if they were poor.B．Work is a cause of the greatest delight of life.C．Work is very tiresome, especially when too excessive.D．Work can at least give relief from boredom58．The reason why the more intelligent rich men still work hard is that ________. A．they want to overcome boredomB．they want to earn more in case they meet with business failureC．they do not have any sensations in lifeD．they have to pay the price of their freedom from hard work59．In the author’s opinion, what is the last product of civilization?A．To make wise use of leisure. B．To be free from hard workC．To keep oneself busy with trifles. D．To work to some extent60．As is put by the author, most of the work that most people have to do is ________. A．delightful but time consuming B．exceedingly dull and always painful C．not worth doing and bearable at all D．not interesting but rewarding五、六选四Directions: In the article, 4 sentences have been removed choose the most suitable ones from the list A-AC to fit into each of the numbered gap s. There’re 2 which do not fit in any of the gaps.In the 1993 film Jurassic park, several species of dinosaurs have been brought back to life using DNA millions of years old. The dinosaurs are placed in an animal theme park as a tourist attraction. However, when a group of scientists arrives for a visit, the dinosaurs escape and attack them. After many scary encounters, only a few of the visitors remain alive.The story is of course fiction, but it reflects recent advances in genetic engineering which are getting ever closer to reality. 61．. The animals on this possible comeback list include the woolly mammoth, an elephant—like creature that wandered the plains of Siberia: the moa, a giant flightless bird from New Zealand; the thylacine, a dog-like hunter also known as theTasmanian tiger because of the dark stripes down its back; and the bucardo, a mountain goat from Spain.These animals had very little in common and in most cases lived eras apart. The woolly mamoth, for example, died many thousands of years ago while the bucardo became extinct only around the year 2000. But, all these species lived at the same time as humans, and humans have been largely responsible for their destruction. 62．.Many difficulties will remain before it is possible to revive an extinct species by the methods scientists have so far worked out. In fact, scientists believe that because of all the problems, species revival will never happen. 63．. While it is theoretically possible to preserve genetic material for thousands of years under ideal conditions, these conditions are very hard to find in real life.And there is a final, ethical consideration. Even if we learn how to reproduce an example of an extinct species, that individual could never have a normal life. Its natural environment is most likely gone, and it would have no parents to show it how to behave as a member of its species. So it would remain a curiosity, and probably live out its life in a zoo. 64．.A．So it seems somehow fitting that we are now thinking of reviving them.B．One of the major challenges is to obtain enough high-quality DNA from an extinct species to conduct an experiment.C．Whether it is feasible to revive an extinct species, one thing is for sure; it will be very long before we see the outcome.D．At this point no one really suggests bringing back dinosaurs, but there are a number of serious proposals to revive extinct species.E.People question whether it would be ethical to revive one of nature’s creatures for such a purpose.F.Scientists have proposed reviving an extinct species through a combination of biology and technology.六、概要写作65．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Families have existed for about 300,000 years now, continually changing with times. Still, the lifestyle of the contemporary American family horrifies some foreigners. They describe it。

上海市闵行区七宝中学2020-2021学年高二上学期期中英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、用单词的适当形式完成短文Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Swimming way to successWhat does it take to graduate from a university? Many 1．say all you have to do is take classes and pass the exams. Well, it requires more than it if you’re a student at Tsinghua University.Starting this September, freshmen at the university will have to take swimming courses. If they fail a swimming test at the beginning of their university course, th ey won’t receive their degree 2．they can pass the test successfully, according to an announcement by Tsinghua University president Qiu Yong.Exceptions 3．(allow) for students with certain physical or mental conditions, if proved by medical staff.Liu Bo, head of the Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, explained 4．the university is linking swimming ability with degrees.“As a requisite(必要的) survival skill, swimming is beneficial for students in the long run, since swimming is helpful in impr oving students’ endurance and is 5．(harmful) to joints(关节) and muscles as a water sport,” he told China Daily.Viewing the ability 6．(swim) as a must for students is not something new to this university - it was also a requirement in the early 20th century.It was later dropped 7．a rising number of students and a lack of facilities. Besides Tsinghua University, Peking University and Xiamen University have also listed swimming as a compulsory course for students.However, the announcement has caused a heated debate.Some welcomed the new rule, saying it’s a necessary skill that can save lives. “Swimming is a fundamental(基本的) skill. It’s a way to stay healthy and is lifesaving in emergency situations. I believe making 8．mandatory(强制的) is necessary,” Yuan Jiax iang, a junior inTsinghua’s Department of Civil Engineering, told China Daily.However, some said it has nothing to do with getting a degree. “It’s not reasonable to require people to be able to swim for them to graduate,” Zheng Xiaoyu, a high school stud ent from the Middle School Affiliated to Northern Jiaotong University, told China Daily. “For a lot of people who grew up in inland cities, learning how to swim as an adult will be difficult.”In fact, Chinese universities are not the only education organizations 9．encourage their students to swim. A few colleges in the United States - including Cornell, Columbia and MIT - offer swim classes to students. “Anything 10．(prevent) people from dying needlessly is a valuable skill,” Fred DeBruyn, director of aqu atics(水上运动) at Cornell, told The New York Times.二、选用适当得单词或短语补全句子Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.If you can’t seem to catch enough Z’s during the week, you’re not alone. But bad things happen to your body when you’re sleep-deprived, not least of which is weight gain. Well, here’s some good news: Sleeping in on the weekend to make up for sleep lost during the week is 11．with lower body mass index (BMI), according to a study published in the Oxford University Press journal Sleep.The researchers, a collaboration of scientists based in Boston, Massachusetts, and the Republic of Korean, sought to determin e if what they refer to as “catch-up sleep”12．body mass index (BMI) in the general population. To do so, they conducted face-to-face interviews of a random sampling of 2,156 adults, comparing their sleep habits with their BMI scores. The 932 participants who slept in –“catch-up sleepers” (people who sleep longer on the weekend than on weekdays by approximately two hours) had a(n)13．lower BMI than the other subjects. What’s more, every additional hour of catch-up sleep was linked with a decrease in BMI.As to why sleeping in on weekends can lead to weight loss, one of the study co-authors, Robert Thomas, MD, MMSc, of the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston,14．Reader’s Digest of the “substantial(大量的) experimental and epidemiological(流行病学的) data thatshort sleep contributes to weight gain.” He notes, “our best 15．as researchers are that there are balances to be kept, and the body can adjust and 16．within reason. Catch-up sleep allows the basic balance to be maintained.”Although the study showed significant differences in BMI with the 17．of two or more hours of catch-up sleep, Dr. Thomas points out that there are “substantial individual differences,” such that the benefit we get from those extra hours will vary 18．on how much sleep each of us generally needs. “To determine your optional sleep, you can track the time spent sleeping on nights when there is no need to wake up to an alarm,” suggests Liza Baker, a health coach at Simply Health Coaching. That tells you about how many hours of sleep your body likes to get, since it 19．greatly across the population, from just 4 to 5 hours to 9 to 10 hours.So can you actually lost weight by sleeping in on the weekend? Only if you’re paying off a sleep 20．from the week, according to the result of this study. It helps if you’re also eating less, Dr. Thomas adds.Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Go hi-tech this holidayIf you’ve been searching for a reason to pick up that latest gadget, then what better time than Christmas? There’s no shortage of innovative, forward-thinking and futuristic products on the market today, as technology takes center stage on many people’s festive wish lists. Here, we offer a festive gadget(小玩意)21．that will help you take a closer look at three of tech’s hottest categories.Virtual realityVRProbably the most exciting tech development of recent times, virtual reality (VR) has arrived, with enough options 22．to the consumer who’s searching for an extra dose ofhigh-tech fun this Christmas. The cheapest way to get a high-end VR experience comes courtesy of Sony. Its PlaySt ation VR doesn’t require a tricked-out PC or expensive phone - it works with the Playstation 4 console and comes with a few great games in its library. There aresome accessories you can purchase to 23．the experience, but if you’ve already got a PS4 you can enter the world of VR for just $400 (2780 yuan). 2016 has been the year of VR and as such many 24．to Sony’s creation exist. High-end offerings like the HTC Vive and Oculus Rift, as well as mobile options like Samsung’s Gear VR, will get your head in th e game.Wireless headphones25．ease of use with the ability to move freely around your home, gym or workplace, wireless headphones just make sense. And there are plenty of viable(可行的) options to 26．any budget. The Bose QuietComfort 35 wireless headphones are definitely worth a test drive, though. The full-size, around-ear Bluetooth headphones 27．active noise cancellation and double as a headset for making phone calls. They’ve even earned the Editor’s Choice award at and can be snapped up for less than $400 online. Beats has worked its way firmly into the market and its Studio Wireless headphones are a popular choice, especially as you can now find them much cheaper than their 28．$379 asking price by searching around online.Digital camerasWhile your phone is a worthy sidekick, there’s no 29．for a real camera when it comes to taking the perfect picture. And these days you can get quality specifications in a package that’s almost as small as your smartphone. The sleek design of the Fujifilm X70, $699 (4,850 yuan), makes it the perfect companion, or you could go retro with the Olympus PEN-F ($1,200) that offers old school looks alongside cutting edge technology. Domestically, it’s worth checking out Xiaomi’s mirrorless Yi M1 for a more 30．option. With a high-end 20-megapixel sensor and the ability to host multiple lenses, it’s available from just 2,199 yuan.三、完形填空Truth be told, a life-changing college experience doesn’t begin or end with a high GPA or great university tour. And although parents and teachers alike work diligently to prep their students with the cutting-edge classes and impressive transcripts, they’r e 31 one vital skill: emotional intelligence.A poll of 1,502 first-year college students in the U.S. found that a majority of them wish they had received more 32 preparation for college. Emotional preparedness is 33 “the ability to take care of oneself, adapt to new environments, 34 negative emotions or behavior and build positive relationship,” according to the survey.“Survey data indicate that college readiness requires far more than just a solid academic foundation – a findg that seems 35 conventional higher education preparation, said John MacPhee, Executive Director of the Jed Foundation, which co-sponsored the survey. “It is clear that emotional preparedness should be better 36 the work that high school communities are doing to guide students through the transition into college.”Data show that college students 37 far more than their academics – and their stress can take a serious toll(代价) on their 38 in school. Forty percent of survey participants felt pressure to pay for college expenses, followed by 30 percent who said their biggest 39 was to make new friends. 40 , keeping in touch with family and friends not at their college (28 percent) and being independent (16 percent) also weighed heavily on college studnets’ shoulders.All of these 41 had a negative impact inside and outside of the classroom. Students who felt less emotionally prepared for college were more likely to have a lower grade point average, regularly 42 drugs and/or alcohol, and rate their overall college experience as terrible or poor.“As high school seniors start applying to college around this time of year, parents and people 43 in their lives can play an important role in helping children build confidence and life skills, said Marisa Giarnella-Porco, Co-Founder, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Jordan Porco Foundation, a survey co-sponsor. “It is important to 44 them to choose a college that best fits their needs first and foremost – not only in a(n) 45 sense, but also relative to emotional needs.”Thankfully, whether your child is packing up for school this fall or still in diapers, it’s never too late (or too early!) to begin prepping them for university life. Here’s wha t parents should do to help their college-bound kid, starting now.31．A．mastering B．employing C．forgetting D．preparing 32．A．emotional B．careful C．comprehensive D．active 33．A．compared with B．applied to C．adjusted to D．defined as 34．A．arouse B．control C．display D．hide 35．A．short of B．strict with C．contrary to D．proud of 36．A．reminded of B．combined with C．focused on D．devoted to 37．A．depend on B．worry about C．refer to D．respond to 38．A．performances B．grades C．subjects D．requirements39．A．mistake B．decision C．event D．challenge 40．A．Otherwise B．Thus C．Besides D．However 41．A．pressures B．benefits C．behaviors D．thoughts 42．A．market B．ban C．consume D．produce 43．A．aggressive B．influential C．mysterious D．modest 44．A．support B．guide C．warn D．command 45．A．good B．keen C．academic D．delicate四、阅读选择El Nifio, a Spanish term for “the Christ child”, was named by South American fisherman who noticed that the global weather pattern, which happens every two to seven years, reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas. El Nifio sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.The weather effects both good and bad, are felt in many places. Rich countries gain more from powerful Nifio, on balance, than they lose. A study found that a strong Nifio in 1997 helped American’s economy grow by 15 billion, partly because of better agricultural harvest, farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain. The total rise in agricultural in rich countries in growth than the fall in poor ones.But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames. A multi-year drought (干旱）in south-east Brazil is becoming worse. Though heavy rains brought about by El Nino may relieve the drought in California, they are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters.The most recent powerful Nino, in 1997-98, killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe. But such Ninos come with months of warning, and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare. According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), however, just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards. This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on risk-reduction saves at least two on reconstruction.Simple improvements to infrastructure (基础设施）can reduce the spread of disease. Better sewers (下水道）make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach. Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food andmedicine after floods. According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and co-authors, civil conflict is related to El N ino’s harmful effects—and the poorer the country, the stronger the link. Though the relationship may not be causal, helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and wounding people. Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Nino, reducing their losses needs to be the priority.46．What can we learn about El Nino in Paragraph 1?A．It is named after a South American fisherman.B．It takes place almost every year all over the world.C．It forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas.D．It sees the changes of water flow direction in the ocean.47．What may El Ninos bring about to the countries affected?A．Agricultural harvests in rich countries fall.B．Droughts become more harmful than floods.C．Rich countries’ gains are greater than their losses.D．Poor countries suffer less from droughts economically.48．The data provided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest that_________.A．more investment should go to risk reductionB．governments of poor countries need more aidC．victims of El Nino deserve more compensationD．recovery and reconstruction should come first49．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A．To introduce El Nino and its origin.B．To explain the consequences of El Nino.C．To show ways of fighting against El Nino.D．To urge people to prepare for El Nino.Inspiring young minds!TOKNOW Magazine is a big hit in the world of children's publishing，bringing a unique combination of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month．Sounds too good to be true？Take a look online-evidence shows that thousands of teachers and parents know a good thing when they see it and recommend TOKNOW to their friends．Happy Birthday All Year!What could be more fun than a gift that keeps coming through the letterbox every month？The first magazine with your gift message will arrive in time for the special day．SUBSCRIBE NOWAnnual SubscriptionEurope £55 Rest of World £65Annual Subscription with Gift PackIncludes a Mammoth Map，a Passport Puzzle Booklet，and SubscriptionEurope £60 Rest of World £70Refund Policy-the subscription can be cancelled within 28days and you can get your money back．50．Why is TOKNOW a special magazine？______A．It entertains young parents．B．It provides serious advertisements．C．It publishes popular science fictions．D．It combines fun with complex concepts．51．What does TOKNOW offer its readers？______A．Online courses．B．Articles on new topics．C．Lectures on a balanced life．D．Reports on scientific discoveries．52．How much should you pay if you make a 12-month subscription to TOKNOW with gift pack from China？______A．£55．B．£60．C．£65．D．£70．53．Subscribers of TOKNOW would get ______ ．A．free birthday presentsB．full refund within 28 daysC．membership of the TOKNOW clubD．chances to meet the experts in personSuppose you become a leader in an organization. It’s very likely that you’ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization’s activities. To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.Let’s begin with the question of why people volunteer. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved. For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate. To select volunteers, you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs. Unfortunately, these programs can shift people’s wish of participation from an internal factor (e.g. “I volunteer because it’s important to me”) to an external factor (e.g. “I volunteer because I’m required to do so”). When that happens, people become less likely to volunteer in the future. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must.Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have conducted follow-up studies in which they track volunteers over time. For instance, one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year. One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions. Although this result may not surprise you, it leads to important practical advice. The researchers note that attentionshou ld be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”.Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differe nces in the degree to which people view “volunteer” as an important social role. It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work. Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as “Volunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am.” Consistent with the researchers’ expectations, they found a positive correlation(正相关) between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer. These results, once again, lead to concrete advice: “Once an individual begins volunteering, continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity....Items like T-shirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contributions can help strengthen role identity”.54．People volunteer mainly out of __________.A．academic requirements B．social expectationsC．financial rewards D．internal needs55．What can we learn from the Florida study?A．Follow-up studies should last for one year.B．Volunteers should get mentally prepared.C．Strategy training is a must in research. D．Volunteers are provided with concrete advice.56．What is most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work? A．Individual differences in role identity. B．Publicly identifiable volunteer T-shirts.C．Role identity as a volunteer.D．Practical advice from researchers. 57．What is the best title of the passage?A．How to Get People to Volunteer B．How to Study Volunteer Behaviors C．How to Keep Volunteers’ Interest D．How to Organize Volunteer ActivitiesAsk most people how they define the American Dream and chances are they’ll say, “Success.” The dream of individual opportunity has been home in American since Europeans discovered a “new world” in the Western Hemisphere. Early immigrants like Hector St. Jean de Crevecoeur praised highly the freedom and opportunity to be found in this new land. His glowing descriptions of a classless society where anyone could attain success through honesty and hard work fired the imaginations of many European readers: in Letters from an American Farmer (1782) he wrote. “We are all excited at the spirit of an industry which is unfettered(无拘无束的) and unrestrained, be cause each person works for himself… We have no princes, for whom we toil(干苦力活), starve, and bleed: we are the most perfect society now existing in the world.” The promise of a land where “the rewards of a man’s industry follow with equal steps the progress of his labor” drew poor immigrants from Europe and fueled national expansion into the western territories.Our national mythology(神化) is full of illustration of the American success story. There’s Benjamin Franklin, the very model of the self-educated, self-made man, who rose from modest origins to become a well-known scientist, philosopher, and statesman. In the nineteenth century, Horatio Alger, a writer of fiction for young boys, became American’s best-selling author with rags-to-riches tales. The notion of success haunts us: we spend million every year reading about the rich and famous, learning how to “make a fortune in real estate with no money down,” and “dressing for success.” The myth of success has even invaded our personal relationships: today i t’s as important to be “successful” in marriage or parenthoods as it is to come out on top in business.But dreams easily turn into nightmares. Every American who hopes to “make it” also knows the fear of failure, because the myth of success inevitably implies comparison between the haves and the have-nots, the stars and the anonymous crowd. Under pressure of the myth, we become indulged in status symbols: we try to live in the “right” neighborhoods, wear the “right” clothes, eat the “right” foods. These sy mbols of distinction assure us and others that we believe strongly in the fundamental equality of all, yet strive as hard as we can to separate ourselves from our fellow citizens.58．By saying “the rewards of a man’s industry follow with equal steps the progress of his labor” (Line 10, Para. 1), the author means .A．the more diligent one is, the bigger his returnsB．laborious work ensures the growth of an industryC．a man’s business should be developed step by stepD．a company’s success depends on its employees’ hard work59．The characters described in Horatio Alger’s novels are people who . A．succeed in real estate investmentB．earned enormous fortunes by chancesC．became wealthy after starting life very poorD．became famous despite their modest origins60．It can be inferred from the last sentence of the second paragraph that . A．business success often contributes to a successful marriageB．Americans wish to succeed in every aspect of lifeC．good personal relationships lead to business successD．successful business people provide good care for their children61．What is the conflict of American culture according to the author?A．The American road to success is full of nightmares.B．Status symbols are not a real indicator of a person’s wealth.C．The American Dream is nothing but an empty dream.D．What Americans strive after often contradicts their beliefs.五、六选四Directions: complete the following passage by using the sentenced given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.It is a common experience for many: You make donations to others, such as unfortunate people in disaster-stricken areas, and you are appreciated. 62．A billionaire couple has recently made one of the biggest charitable donations to a university in China’s history. Chen Tianqiao and Chrissy Luo, co-founders of China’s Shanda Group, donated $115 million (799 million yuan) to the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) to help advanced brain research. The coup le’s donation will be spent building a neuroscience(神经科学) institute, with the aim of deepening the understanding of how the brain works, according to a statement from Caltech. Chen has been interested in brain research for a long time.However, this huge donation has caused heated discussions among Chinese scholars andinternet users alike.Many criticized them for choosing to give money to a foreign university rather than Chinese institutes for brain research, which are developing fast and are on track to catch up with the US in just a few years. 63．Others, however, support the couple’s choice for brain research. They believe Caltech is a more rational choice compared to Chinese research institutions. 64．In addition, the results of the research benefit not only the American people, but also the rest of the world.A similar controversy started two years ago when Pan Shiyi, chairman of SOHO China, along with his wife Zhang Xin, donated $15 million to Harvard University to help disadvantaged Chinese students.Many believe that China is still behind in the management and use of donated money, and that as a result, Chinese philanthropists(慈善家) are looking abroad. 65．In comparison, Western countries like the US, which have a long history of donating money, havewell-developed systems that use the donations efficiently.“To get more donations, Chinese universities should be bolder and more honest… they need self-reflection, rather than jealousy,” commented Xinhua.A．Rao Yi, a biologist and professor at Peking University, even said the donation was a “typical mistake”.B．Some previously planned to donate to a Chinese university, but this didn’t happen after the university refused to give them a report on the planned use of the money.C．It can shape the industries of the future such as artificial intelligence, robotics and virtual reality.D．However, donations can also draw criticism.E.They can also provide full access for donors who want to trace the use of the money.F.It has a long history and has taken a leading position in biology and neuroscience studies, therefore producing more efficient results.六、概要写作66．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.How to Improve Your English PronunciationAccurate pronunciation is an important part of learning English, or any language for thatmatter. The way your speech sounds can have a big impact on whether or not people understand what you are saying and their initial impression of you. There are no shortcuts to perfect pronunciation; there are, however, some ways you can practice more effectively and improve your skills faster.It’s often difficult to hear pronunciation errors in your own speech because you are concentrating on actually communicating rather than the sound you are making. If you can’t hear your pronunciation problems, it’s tough to correct them. Try recording your speech with your smartphone or PC and making a note of specific areas you need to improve on.Moreover, many English learners think that speaking fluently means they need to speak fast. This is wrong. Speaking too fast reinforces bad habits and makes the speaker sound nervous and indecisive. Speaking slowly will give you time to breathe properly and think about what you want to say next.Pronunciation is a physical skill. You’re teaching your mouth a new way to move and using different muscles. Focus on difficult sounds each day. Having trouble with “th”? Put your tongue be tween your teeth (don’t bite down) and blow air out of your mouth. Feel the air move over the top of your tongue. Another method worth a try is learning popular English songs. Singing helps you relax and just get those words out, as well as helping your rhythm and intonation (语调). Because you don’t need to concentrate on constructing sentences for yourself, you can concentrate on making your pronunciation sound great!___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ _________七、根据所给汉语意思完成句子Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.67．中国是一个历史悠久的大国，很多名胜值得一游。

七宝中学2020-2021学年第一学期高二年级英语期中试卷I.Listening Comprehension (30 points)Part A Short ConversationsDirections: In Part A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In the library. B.In the teaching building.C.Under a big tree.D.Between the teacher’s office.2. A. On Thursday night . B.On Monday afternoon.C.On Friday morning .D.On Wednesday afternoon.3. A. Lost her time. B.Made up a story about time.C.Worked an extra shift.D.Changed her working conditions.4. A. She may fail the exam. B.She shouldn’t have worried.C.She should work harder.D.She needn’t take any more courses.5. A. He has already seen the exhibit. B.He already knew the exhibit was closed.C.He is pleased the exhibit is closed.D.He is disappointed the exhibit is closed.6. A. Stand where he was. B.Stand beside the woman.C.Stand at the end of the queue.D.Stand in front of the woman.7. A. Colleagues. B.Doctor and patient.C.Neighbors.D.Shop assistant and customer.8. A. He enjoyed reading the novel .B.He hasn’t started reading the novel yet.C.He doubts the woman will like the novel.1 / 23D.He’ll lend the woman the novel after he has read it.9. A. Still he doesn’t like living on campus.B.School has changed little since last year.C.He has made many new friends.D.He enjoys campus life all the same.10. A. The man regrets being absent-minded.B.The woman saved the man some trouble.C.The man placed the reading list on a desk.D.The woman emptied the waste paper basket.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. To make correction in spelling and grammar.B.To make the main idea clear to the reader.C.To add more specific details and examples.D.To improve its overall effectiveness.12.A. By the end of the term.B.Before the paper becomes clear to the reader.C.Two weeks before the final due date.2 / 23D.After you finish the course.13.A. To review material covered in an earlier lecture.B.To change students’ approach to writing.C.To point out an example of good writing.D.To give an assignment for the next class.Questions 14 through 17 are based on the following passage.14. A. 100 B.200 C.300 D.50015. A. To lengthen the limit of working hours of the pilots.B.To strictly punish the pilots who fall asleep when flying.C.To shorten the pilots’ night flying time.D.To find new ways to fix mechanical problems.16. A. Poor cooperation between the pilot and the co-pilot.B. Automatic flight adopted by most planes.C.Pilot exhaustion during the flight.D.Natural threats including storms and fogs.Questions 18 through 20 are based on the following conversation17. A. Their assignments B.Their academic researchC.Their summer holiday planD.Their final exam18. A. Because it will cost her less moneyB.Because it will be more interesting.C.Because it will provide part-time jobs here.D.Because it is much safer.3 / 2319. A. Because she does not have too much money.B.Because it’s cool during the summer holiday in the U.S.C.Because there are different sceneries and places in the U.S.D.Because she’s been dreaming to go to Disney World.20. A. Ask her parents to pay for the trip.B.Discuss the plan with her parents.C.Do some part-time jobs during the vacation.D.Stay in the university without going anywhere.II.Grammar and Vocabulary (15points + 30points)Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)I t’s far from ideal to travel during a pandemic. Doctors aren’t going to give you the green light to do it, and 21________ is the U.S. State Department or the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.B ut if you’ve really got to go somewhere now —— to check in on distant family or to attend an important event, there are ways to decrease your risks 22________ taking a trip. So whether you’re setting off by plane or car, here’s what you should focus on, and a few things you don’t need to worry about as much.I f your trip is essential and if you’re committed to social distancing and mask-wearing, it’s possible to reduce (but not eliminate) COVID-19 risks. One of the easiest ways to keep your distance from fellow, potentially 23________ (infect) humans is to avoid public transportation. 24________ (drive) directly to your destination, with minimal stops.If you must fly, do it safely. Flying, as with any activity that brings you close to other people, does carry more risk than driving in a car. While everyone aboard a plane should wear a mask, your4 / 23energies are better spent 25________ (stay) six feet apart from others when queueing in airport lines than stressing out because you are stuck in the middle seat.“Choose a window seat as far from the restroom as possible,” says Dr. Farley Cleghorn, the global health practice head at Palladium, an international impact consultancy firm. “Keep the overhead vent open and toward your face ——continuous airflow creates a small, invisible ‘wall’ that 26________ block out (at least slightly) the exhaled air from other passengers,” he says. Clean your hands after you’ve settled into your seat, and again before and after you touch your face, such as when you remove your mask to eat.27________ airlines’ promise to enhance c leaning these days, recent investigations suggest that cleaners are still rushed and undersupplied. So you’d better treat every surface you touch 28________ ________ it were radioactive, and wipe it with a disinfecting wipe before plopping down.(B)Bigge r isn’t always better. People who are doubtful about this argument just need to look at smartphones and personal computers, which have served as the technological driving force 29________ the social development of the past century. It is the continual shrinkage of components that have caused the explosion of computing power and enabled these gadgets to be accessible to people across the world.Inspired by this, researchers and scientists have been working on areas 30________ making things small may mean big results. And this year, the Nobel Prize has broken the tradition of celebrating big by presenting the biggest prizes to discoveries on the smallest scales.The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to a cellular-level experiment. The committee gave the award to Yoshinori Ohsumi of the Tokyo Institute of Technology, for his research on “autophagy”, 31________ “self-eating” process seen in cells.What’s more, in recognition of their working on the strange properties of matter in extreme states and 32________ (take) their research all the way down to an atomic scale, the Nobel Prize for physics was awarded to three British-born scientists who currently work in the U.S.Another exceptional new field is 33________ of nano-technology. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to a scientist who managed to build the world’s tiniest machines out of molecules. Small 34________ the subjects are, the benefits of the scientists’ research are set to be huge. More importantly, their invention may even eventually be turned into products that benefit mankind.5 / 23The ground-breaking discoveries in physics, “have started a firestorm of research, and it will only be less than a generation 35________ their research leads to advances as unimaginable to us now as lasers an d computer chips were a hundred years ago, ” Laura H. Greene, president-elect of the American Physical Society told The New York Times.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.(A)Putting up her hair in a bun adorned with an elaborate hairpin and wearing a long gown with embroidery and loose sleeves, 19-year-old Chen Xi might be 36________ for a time traveler from centuries ago if not for her face mask and cellphone."I was 37________ by the beauty of hanfu in costume dramas at the very beginning. They looked fairy-like, and I really liked it," she said. "Fascinated by this special garment, many young Chinese like me become more interested in traditional Chinese culture, customs and music."In 2018, the number of hanfu fans reached 2.04 million, up 72.9 percent year on year, according to a report on China's hanfu industry released by iiMedia Research, a Chinese consulting agency. A few years earlier, whenever Chen put on hanfu and walked on the street, passers-by gave her weird looks. Now things are different. Hanfu has seen a growing and more visible 38________ in the daily life of China.If you walk through the streets and parks in cities such as Hangzhou or Kunming, you may 39________ upon an individual dressed in the sweeping ropes, crossed collars and wide sleeves of hanfu. Dressed in this way, they aim to keep the apparel and the rich culture behind it 40________.Liu Dan, 43, put on his first hanfu suit and stepped out onto the street in 2006 when he returned from overseas to Kunming, the capital city of Southwest China's Yunnan province. He said the hanfu 41________ started in the early 2000s on online forums and websites, but now the fashion has jumped out of the screen and onto the streets.In 2007, Liu, with an educational background in software engineering, 42________ the Yunnan Hanfu Association. The number of hanfu 43________ in the association has grown from fewer than6 / 2310 to more than 10,000. Each weekend, they meet up for themed activities. Amid the COVID-19 epidemic, Liu has moved these cultural activities online.Many companies have cashed in on the upsurge in hanfu popularity. E-commerce giant Alibaba and livestreaming platform Huya both have launched apps to 44________ hanfu fans and thereby nurture online shopping sales.Experts believe the resurgence of hanfu, like traditional songs and poems, is part of a larger trend to prize tradition, as the increasingly wealthy and 45________ Chinese society sets off to reconnect with its cultural roots.(B)Management books have a 46________ poor reputation. Too often they are written by people who confuse insight with technical terms, the types who love to call a spade a "manual horticultural utensil". At the other end of the 47________ are thick books containing a wealth of conventional wisdom and clichés(陈词滥调).So it was a joy to read "It Doesn't Have to be Crazy at Work", by Jason Fried and David Heinemeier Hansson, who run a software company in Chicago called Basecamp. The authors argue that it is perfectly possible to run a business with consistently growing profits (as they do) without requiring employees to work madly long hours. Sleep-48________managers are likely to be counter-productively impatient.Basecamp employees have a 40-hour week, except in the summer when the company runs a four-day, 32-hour week. They also get three weeks' holiday every year and a monthly massage at a spa.Meetings are avoided, especially those 49________ lots of people. The firm encourages JOMO, the "joy of missing out", so employees can concentrate on their own work projects. Another way to reduce stress is to avoid turning deadlines into "dreadlines"—unrealistic targets for project 50________ accompanied by ever-changing requirements."Goals are 51________," the authors write. In their telling, made-up numbers function as a source of unnecessary stress until they are either achieved or abandoned. Nor should workers 52________ that their colleagues deal with a problem straight away. In almost every situation, the7 / 23expectation of an immediate response is unrealistic. Allowing workers more time means they can come up with a more 53________ and helpful decision.The overall aim of the firm should be stated in 54________ terms. Too many businesses talk about "changing the world" and becoming a "disrupter". Such aims are far too grand and put everyone under too much pressure.A relaxed working philosophy in the office might work better in the long run than the hard-charging 55________ that, at the moment, is all too common.III.Reading Comprehension (15 points+40 points)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Students in Caldwell, Idaho, can attend class in their pajamas! At Vallivue Virtual Academy, courses are taught online. Students work at home with parents, who serve as learning coaches. A certified teacher 56________the students’ progress.The cyber school was 57________ as a free option for students in kindergarten through grade 8 who have trouble succeeding in the district’s 58________public school. Supporters of the program say that virtual schools help students avoid the social pressures that can 59________ with learning. In addition, supporters argue, online courses provide kids with more focused 60________ and course options than they can get in a typical school.Not everyone gives cyber schools a passing grade, however. Some educators argue that online learning makes it hard for students to make friends. Many parents also feel that cyber schools put 61________ time demands on the m because they have to oversee their kids’ daily work.Technology can benefit education, but it shouldn’t 62________ education. Students who go to virtual schools will miss many of the benefits of being in a real school.If kids attend school online, they will miss out on important social 63________. Payton Mcdonough, 13, a seventh grader from Glencoe, Ill., agrees. “I don’t know how I could sit at a computer all day without 64________interacting with my peers and teachers,” he says.In addition, virtual schools don’t have enough structure. Students who take online courses can set their own schedules, which will cause problems for students who have trouble staying 65________.8 / 23Furthermore, online schooling puts stress on parents because they have to 66________ what their kids do at home. Many parents have full–time jobs. How are they going to run their children’s education, 67________ in their jobs, and take care of their other responsibilities at home?Virtual schools will make it harder for students to learn and will put too much pressure on parents.Virtual learning does not need to replace classroom learning 68________, but it can help students work at their own pace. If students struggle with subjects, they can take those courses online and spend more time on them. Virtual schools can also offer students much more 69________ schedules. Students often handle extracurricular activities, sports, and schoolwork, and cyber schools could help them manage everything.Finally, attending virtual school can prepare students for college and for work after 70________. “We need to be responsible for working on our own,” says Angela Goscilo, a senior from Pound Ridge, N.Y. “We need to develop technology skills that will help us in whatever we do. Getting an early start is a good idea.”56. A. oversees B.suspected C.admitted D.predicted57. A. tolerated unched C.undergone D.transformed58. A. virtual B.superior C.traditional D.specialized59. A. agree B.put up C.go D.interfere60. A. attention B.definition C.foundation D.instruction61. A. unlimited B.uncivilized C.unrealistic D.unaffected62. A. turn to B.take over C.take in D.make up63. A. interactions cation C.occupation D.identification64. A. actually B.presently C.naturally D.logically65. A. examined B.motivated C.exhausted D.represented66. A. compliment B.award C.supervise D.tempt67. A. negotiate B.innovate C.control D.excel68. A. entirely B.partially C.regularly D.purposely69. A. sustainable B.flexible C.relevant D.optimistic70. A. school B.study C.graduation cation9 / 23Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The January fashion show, called Future Fashion, exemplified how far green design has come. Organized by the New York-based nonprofit Earth Pledge, the show inspired many top designers to work with sustainable fabrics for the first time. Several have since made pledges to include organic fabrics in their lines.The designers who undertake green fashion still face many challenges. Scott Hahn, a cofounder with Gregory of Rogan and Loomstate, which uses all-organic cotton, says high-quality sustainable materials c an still be tough to find. “Most designers with existing labels are finding there aren’t comparable materials that can just replace what you’re doing and what your customers are used to,” he says. For example, organic cotton and non-organic cotton are virtually indistinguishable once woven into a dress. But some popular synthetics, like stretch nylon, still have few eco-friendly equivalents.Those who do make the switch are finding they have more support. Last year the influential trade show Designers & Agents stopped charging its participation fee for young green entrepreneurs who attend its two springtime shows in Los Angeles and New York and gave special recognition to designers whose collections are at least 25% sustainable. It now counts more than 50 green designers, up from fewer than a dozen two years ago. This week Wal-Mart is set to announce a major initiative aimed at helping cotton farmers go organic: it will buy transitional cotton at higher prices, thus helping to expand the supply of a key susta inable material. “Main-stream is about to occur,” says Hahn.Some analysts are less sure. Among consumers, only 18% are even aware that eco-fashion exists, up from 6% four years ago. Natalie Hormilla, a fashion writer, is an example of the unconverted cons umer. When asked if she owned any sustainable clothes, she replied, “Not that I’m aware of.” Like most consumers, she finds little time to shop, and when she does, she’s on the hunt for “cute stuff that isn’t too expensive.” By her own admission, green just isn’t yet on her mind. But thanks to the combined efforts of designers, retailers and suppliers—one day it will be.10 / 2371.What is said about Future Fashion?A．It inspired leading designers to start going green.B．It showed that designers using organic fabrics would go far.C．It served as an example of how fashion shows should be organized.D．It convinced the public that fashionable clothes should be made durable.72.According to Scott Hahn, one big challenge to designers who will go organic is that ________.A．much more time is needed to finish a dress using sustainable materialsB．they have to create new brands for clothes made of organic materialsC．customers have difficulty telling organic from non-organic materialsD．quality organic replacements for synthetics are not readily available73.We learn from Paragraph 3 that designers who undertake green fashion ________.A．can attend various trade shows for freeB．are readily recognized by the fashion worldC．can buy organic cotton at favorable pricesD．are gaining more and more support74.What is Natalie Hormilla’s attitude toward eco-fashion?A．She doesn’t seem to care about it.B．She doesn’t think it is sustainable.C．She is doubtful of its practical value.D．She is opposed to the idea very much.(B)What limits you from hiking more often? Many complain that they don’t have a suitable partner to go with. If not having a suitable hiking partner is keeping you out of the woods, why not take a look at the great hiking clubs across Canada?●Yukon Outdoors Club11 / 23Website: yukonoutdoorsclub.caMembership cost: $10 for a single membership; $25 for a family membership.The club coordinates day hikes, backpacking trips, canoe trips, mountain biking, cross-country skiing trips, snowshoeing trips and various workshops for members to gain new skills and valuable information. The trips are open to everyone and range from easy to moderate to difficult.●UBC Varsity Outdoor ClubWebsite: Membership cost: Students $40; non-UBC students $60Description: The UBC Varsity Outdoor Club is a social group that hikes, mountaineers, kayaks (皮划艇), rock climbs and ice climbs. Travel and outdoor-minded UBC students and non-students are welcome to join. Members lead trips, run skills workshops, host presentations and tune gear. For a refundable deposit, members can borrow equipment from the clubroom’s gear cache (器材存放点). The UBC VOC has also constructed a few backcountry huts in the Coast Mountains.●Pender Harbor Hiking GroupWebsite: Membership cost: Free for students; $60 for non-studentsDescription: Now in its fourth year and boasting about 100 members, the Pender Harbour Hiking Group offers a way for members to meet like-minded individuals and get fit. Hikes are scheduled two months in advance, so get on the mailing list or check the website regularly to find a hike that’s right for you! Show up at the designated meeting point, and get hiking. Hikes are usually one and a half to two hours long every Monday and Wednesday morning, but some full-day hikes are scheduled, depending on member interest.●Vernon Outdoors ClubWebsite: Membership cost: A single membership is $25, and students pay $10. Children are free when they come with a family member.Description: Boasting a membership of close to 200 people, the Vernon Outdoors Club is an active group that enjoys hiking and cycling. Since the membership is comprised of outdoor lovers in general, they are encouraged to plan their own trip according to thier interests. The group12 / 23organizes a Tuesday Rambles event each week and also hosts multi-day trips.75.Which club suits a student on a tight budget most?A.The Yukon Outdoors Club.B.The UBC Varsity Outdoor Club.C.The Pender Harbor Hiking Group.D.The Vernon Outdoors Club.76.What do Yukon Outdoors Club and UBC Varsity Outdoor Club have in common according tothe text?A.Both organize workshops for their members.B.Both lend hiking equipment to their members.C.Both rate their members based on their hiking skills.D.Both have built backcountry huts for their members.77.What do we know about hikes organized by the Pender Harbor Hiking Group?A.They are mostly held on weekends.B.They schedule can be checked in advance.C.Their schedule can only be seen on the club’s website.D.More full-day hikes are offered than half-day hikes.78.Which website will a hiking enthusiast who is looking for a tailored trip with his child mostprobably visit?A.yukonoutdoorsclub.ca(C)13 / 23By now you’ve probably heard about the “you’re not special” speech, when English teacher David McCullough told graduating seniors at Wellesley High School: “Do not get the idea you’re anything special, because you’re not.” Mothers and fathers present at the ceremony — and a whole lot of other parents across the Internet —took issue with McCullough’s ego-puncturing words. But lost in the uproar was something we really should be taking to heart: our young people actually have no idea whether they’re particularly talented or accomplished or not. In our eagerness to elevate their self-esteem, we forgot to teach them how to realistically assess their own abilities, a crucial requirement for getting better at anything from math to music to sports. In fact, it’s not just privileged high-school students: we all tend to view ourselves as above average.Such inflated self-judgments have been found in study after study, and it’s often exactly when we’re least competent at a given task that we rate our performance most generously. In a 2006 study published in the journal Medical Education, for example, medical students who scored the lowest on an essay test were the most charitable in their self-evaluations, while high-scoring students judged themselves much more strictly. Poor students, the authors note, “lack insight” into their own inadequacy. Why should this be? Another study, led by Cornell University psychologist David Dunning, offers an enlightening explanation. People who are incompetent, he writes with coauthor Justin Kruger, suffer from a “dual burden”: they’re not good at what they do, and their very incapability prevents them from recognizing how bad they are.In Dunning and Kruger’s study, subjects scoring at the bottom of the heap on tests of logic, grammar and humor “extremely overestimated” their talents. What these individuals lacked (in addition to clear logic, proper grammar and a sense of humor) was “metacognitive skill”: the capacity to monitor how well they’re performing. In the absence of that capacity, the subjects arrived at an overly hopeful view of their own abilities. There’s a paradox here, the authors note: “The skills that lead to competence in a particular domain are often the very same skills necessary to evaluate competence in that domain.” In other words, to get better at judging how well we’re doing at an activity, we have to get better at the activity itself.There are a couple of ways out of this double bind. First, we can learn to make honest comparisons with others. Train yourself to recognize excellence, even when you yourself don’t possess it, and compare what you can do against what truly excellent individuals are able to accomplish. Second, seek out feedback that is frequent, accurate and specific. Find a critic who will tell you not only how poorly you’re doing, but just what it is that you’re doing wrong. As Dunning and Kruger note, success indicates to us that everything went right, but failure is more ambiguous: any number of things could have gone wrong. Use this external feedback to figure out exactly where and when you screwed up.If we adopt these strategies —and most importantly, teach them to our children —they won’14 / 23t need parents, or a commencement (毕业典礼) speaker, to tell them that they’re special. They’ll already know that they are, or have a plan to get that way.79.Which can be the best title of this passage?A.Special or Not? Teach Kids To Figure It OutB.Let’s Admit That We Are Not That SpecialC.Tips On Making Ourselves More SpecialD.Tell The Truth: Kids Overestimate their Talents80.The author thinks the real problem is that ______.A.we don't know whether our young people are talented or notB.young people don't know how to assess their abilities realisticallyC.no requirement is set up for young people to get betterD.we always tend to consider ourselves to be privileged81.Which is NOT mentioned about poor students according to the passage?A.They usually give themselves high scores in self-evaluations.B.They tend to be unable to know exactly how bad they are.C.They are intelligently inadequate in tests and exams.D.They lack the capacity to monitor how well they are performing.82.We can infer from the passage that those high-scoring students ______.A.know how to cultivate clear logic and proper grammarB.tend to underestimate their performance because they know their limitsC.tend to regard themselves as competent due to their strict self-judgementD.tend to be very competent in judging their performance in their high-scoring fields.(D)It’s possible to admire Oprah Winfrey and still wish Harvard hadn’t awarded her an honorary15 / 23。

上海市闵行区七宝中学2020-2021学年高二上学期9月摸底考英语试题I.Grammar (25’)Section ASection A (15’)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.___1___ winning multiple awards and being the most searched-for book on Goodreads during its debut year, this young adult novel ___2___ (challenge)and banned in school libraries and curricular___3___ drug use and offensive language.『答案』1. Despite 2. was challenged 3. because of/due to『解析』这是一篇说明文。

本篇小短文讲述了这部年轻的成人小说受到挑战的原因。

『1题详解』考查介词。

句意：尽管在出版的第一年就获得了多个奖项，并成为Goodreads网站上搜索次数最多的书籍，这部年轻的成人小说还是受到了挑战，并因为使用了毒品和攻击性语言而被学校图书馆和课程禁止。

根据空后动名词winning和句子结构可知，空处需用介词，根据空后句意可知，despite尽管，引导让步状语，符合题意，句首单词，首字母需大写。

上海市七宝中学2020-2021学年高二下学期期中英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、用单词的适当形式完成短文Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A Movie review: The Wandering earthIn the near future, the sun is dying, leaving the freezing planet on the edge of destruction. 1．is left of humanity is huddled in underground cities created with an eye-catching combination of steam-punk (蒸汽朋克), brutalist (野兽派的), and futurist influences by the production designer. The United Earth? Government, 2．is never seen and represented only bya French voice, has decided the only solution is to propel the planet to another galaxy 4.2 light years away. 3．depends on 10,000 giant rocket thrusters being kept alight for the 2,500-yearpriate solemnity by “Wolfjourney. Liu Peiqiang, a widowed astronaut played with approWarrior” series superstar Wu Jing, is sent to a space station and tasked with navigating Earth’slaw Han Zi’ang.path through the solar system, leaving behind young so Liu Qi and father-in-it, while Liu Qi (Qu Chuxiao) has become an angry Seventeen years later, Liu’s still in orb4．his absentyoung man and self-proclaimed genius who blames his mother’s early deathfather. On the very day when his dad is due to finish stint and return home, Liu Qi and adopted teenage sister Duoduo sneak away to see the frozen surface for the first time. As they 5．(take)in the spectacular sights of ice-covered Beijing, a major rocket thruster malfunction sends Earth into the sights of ice-covered Beijing, a major rocket thruster malfunction sends Earth into the gravitational pull of Jupiter. 6．a miracle occurs in the next 37 hours, it will be Goodbye Earth.……‘The Wandering Earth’ Chinese commercial cinema reaches a significant landmark withation of the 2000 novella by Liu Cixin isits first-ever sci-fi megahit. Director Frant Gwo’s adaptno genre classic, but its furious pace, spectacular visuals, and fanciful plot deliver decent escapist entertainment. After accumulating an astronomical $640 million- plusdomestically-plus a tidy $5 million on limited North American screens-since Feb. 5, thisdisplay of capability from China’s commercial film sector was snapped up by Netflix for future release on the streaming giant’s platform. A hyperactive mixture of doomsday films rangingfrom ‘50s classic. “When Worlds Collide” to Micheal Bays bombastic “Armageddon” and, 7．(notably), Ishiro Honda’s 1962 Japanese space opera “Gorath”, “The Wandering Earth” is perhaps most striking for its lack of nationalism and propaganda (宣传). Soft diplomacy, atmost, is the order of the day. Politicians, bureaucrats (官僚), and army commanders are- beating about Chinese nowhere 8．(see). There’s barely a Chinese flag in sight, nor any chestingenuity and leadership. Instead, a Chinese flag in sight, nor any chest-beating about Chinese ingenuity and leadership. Instead, what is presented is a traditional tale of nations and people 9．(pull) together to save the planet, with heavy does of guilt, sacrifice, and redemption fromso prevalent today, it’s no wonder thanthe human characters. With global conflict and divisionthese messages of hope and unity 10．strike an emotional chord in many viewers, create positive word-of-mouth, and make the film much more accessible for international audiences.二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Tablets are really useful devices, but their big screens always make them a burden to carry around without a bag. Wo uldn’t it be great if there were a phone with the powers of a tablet that could be folded up and fit 11．into the hand?Now something like a tablet-shaped but fold-able phone is about to become 12．. InChina’s Huawei both unveiled February, South Korean electronics company Samsung andfold-able phones Galaxy Fold and Huawei Mate X 13．. Mobile phone use has entered the“fold-able future”, The Verge noted.The technology could change our lives in significant ways. These devices, due to their 14．screens, give us the larger screens we want. Meanwhile, they still fit easily into the pocket.15．of a small tablets and smart-phone, all in a singleAs USA Today noted, they’re “thedevice”.The technology could 16．other devices too. For example, we could make TVs that stickto walls like posters, or fold up easily to hide away in drawers. In crowded modem cities, they will help us to 17．available space.In a keynote address, Samsung’s senior vice president of mobile product marketing, Justin Denison, called the fold-able screen “the 18．for the smart-phone of tomorrow.” “It’s a balank canvas for us to do something beautiful together,” he said.So is there nothing to stand in the way of the fold-able future?According to tech news website Android authority, the necessary displays were difficult to produce. In 2012, nine out of every to OLED screens produced were 19．. Today, that 10percent rate has been improved to between 50 and 90 percent. However, at present thesefold-able devices are expensive. For example, the price of Huawei Mate X is 17,500RMB．That’s a price that may 20．the majority of people.But if the fold-able device isn’t going to change the world overnight, there is no doubt thatit is coming.Patrick Moor-head, an industry analyst toldThe Verge, “Few are debating if fold-able orroll-able mobile displays are the future of smart-phones; the only question is when and by whom.”Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Why Cold weather Causes So many Flight Cancellation?Each year, about 60,000 flights get canceled because of bad winter weather, which costsairlines and airports an estimated $3 billion. But it’s not the freezing cold temperatures thatcause problems for planes. After all, 21．jets fly 10 kilometers up, where temperatures hoveraround -50 degrees Celsius.In fact, planes 22．in cold weather, since cold air is denser and leads to better thrust.Clearly, the real problem isn’t what’s going on up there. It’s what’s happening on the ground.When a 23．polar vortex (极地涡旋) struck the Midwestern US in January 2019,temperatures dropped to -40 degrees Celsius and airline canceled 3,000 flights nationwide. In these situations, when temperatures start 24．, everything slows down. Cargo doors can freezeup, along with the nozzles that pump fuel into planes, which delays the 25．process.Even the plane itself can freeze over. Just a quarter-inch - thick layer of ice on a plane can disrupt the way air flows over its wings.Les Westbrooks: The number one reason, I would say, that the reason flights get delayed in cold weather is going to be because there’s some kind of frozen precipitation, from frost to snow to a sheet of ice, adhering to the aircraft, adhering to the wings of the aircraft 26．.That’s Les Westbrooks, a retired airline pilot and an associate professor of aeronautical science at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. He says that 27．, these planes are “de-iced”- but this also delays takeoff. The crew can spray the plane with a special hot water/ glycol mixture. It can take around 40 minutes to de-ice large passenger airplanes, so planes often have-icing station, which, of course, can trigger more delays.to wait “their turn” for the deAnd ice on the runway, of course, creates another set of 28．. In 2014, a plane at JFK skidded off an icy runway and into a mound of snow, leading to an hours-long shutdown at the airport. And even though crews can remove ice from the runway, scraping it off the pavement can lead to potholes (坑洞) and other 29．, which makes takeoffs and landings more dangerous.And of course, snow and freezing rain on the ground can affect visibility to the point whereafe to fly at all.officials have to decide it’s not sBut if ice and snow aren’t the problem in these extremely cold temperatures, it’s usually another factor: people.60 degrees. It’s made to do that.Les Westbrooks: The airplane flies at high altitudes, -Humans are not made to be outside in -60 degrees weather. And so the human factor becomes a big, big factor, when it becomes extremely cold.Baggage handlers, aircraft fuelers, and mechanics all have to stay warm. Some airports,oyees. Of course, with everyonelike O’Hare in Chicago, set up heated shelters for their empltaking breaks to warm up, not as much gets done, which leads to even more delays and cancellations. Passengers start missing their 30．flights, and that, along with passengers whoconditions, leads to half-empty planes.can’t make it to the airport due to bad roadIn fact, many airlines might preemptively cancel flights before bad weather even hits. So, in the end, you can still blame cold weather for cancelling your flight.三、完形填空Working on holidays has always presented something of a class divide. From the 1870s through the 1920s, middle-and-upper-class Americans often lived with “the help”—mostly women of color whose job was to cook and clean and care for others, day and night. While shows like Dowton Abbey seek to give 31 to servants, they also sanitize(粉饰) what was a cruel, back-breaking existence. It was common for a housemaid’s day tobegin well before the family rose and extend until after they 32 for the evening. Theydid so seven days a week: working more than 80 hours a week - more than the 65 hours most factory workers worked at the time. While we often imagine that these women were young andown that over 30% ofsingle, Evelyn Nakano Gleen’s research on such care providers has sh33 ,them were married many with children. As they worked very hard for families notthey left their children, parents, siblings and husbands behind. Thanksgiving or Christmas was34 .no doubt one of the hardest times of the year, and their own families felt theirThe labor movement was 35 to changing this sorry state of affairs. Unions raised wages, lowered hours, instituted worker protections, guaranteed a minimum wage and 36holidays off for workers. Those who did have to work on national holidays were guaranteedovertime pay. When unions were strong, such benefits even 37 to non-unionizedworkers.But as unions have 38 , part-time work has increased. And this has meant lowerwages and greater 39 . Working at $11 an hour for 25 hours a week means making14,300 a year. For most retail workers, that’s one of the better jobs that are available. And40 , it’s a job without health insurance, or a retirement plan, with constant schedulingchanges that make it hard to take additional 41 . Most of these workers wish they couldtimers. So when the boss says, “Can you work more, but employers would rather hire other part-work Thanksgiving?” workers have no real choice but to be 42 .Today, working on holidays carries no guarantee of extra pay, and not working can meanlosing one’s job. Some workers are 43 ; Walmart employees have planned over 1,000Black Friday strikes because of unchanging wages and health care premiums (保险费) that willsoon triple. Americans have a choice of helping these workers regain the 44 , or walkingpast them in order to shop more. And that is the irony to the trend of stores opening onThanksgiving. On the same day that we give thanks for all we have, why must we also rush outto buy more? Observers might say, “It’s just the logic of the market!” But the logic of themarket is not some mystical process. It is the result of the 45 that we make.31．A．rise B．power C．life D．pleasure32．A．retired B．retreated C．relaxed D．rebelled33．A．in their favor B．of their own C．to their pleasure D．at theirconvenience34．A．exhaustion B．disappointment C．reluctance D．absence 35．A．central B．subject C．sensitive D．beneficial 36．A．provided B．secured C．organized D．arranged 37．A．stuck B．occurred C．appealed D．extended 38．A．rose B．declined C．survived D．defended 39．A．uncertainty B．devotion C．trouble D．influence 40．A．therefore B．also C．instead D．still 41．A．business B．suggestion C．employment D．welfare 42．A．sincere B．determined C．offensive D．willing 43．A．taking over B．fighting back C．giving up D．looking forward 44．A．protection B．identities C．salaries D．promotions 45．A．efforts B．contributions C．decisions D．achievements四、阅读选择We made a choice…Will you support it today? Our journalism now reaches record numbers around the world and more than a million people have supported our reporting. We continue to face financial-wall. We want our challenges but, unlike many news organisation, we haven’t put up a payjournalism to remain accessible to all, regardless of where they live or what they can afford.This is The Guardians model for open, independent journalism: free for those who can’t afford it, supported by those who can. Readers’ support powers our work, safeguarding our essential editorial independence. This means the responsibility of protecting independent journalism is shared, enabling us all to feel empowered to bring about real change in the world. Your support gives Guardian journalists the time, space and freedom to report with tenacity and rigour, to shed light where others won’t. It emboldens us to challenge authority and question the status quo. And by keeping all of our journalism free and open to all, we can foster inclusivity; diversity, make space for debate, inspire conversation-so more people have access to accurate information with integrity at its heart.Guardian journalism is rooted in facts with a progressive perspective on the world. We are editorially independent, meaning we set our own agenda. Our Journalism is free from commercial bias and not influenced by billionaire owners, politicians or shareholders. No one steers our opinion. At a time when there are so few sources of information you can really trust,this is vital as it enables us to give a voice to those less heard, challenge the powerful and hold them to account. Your support means we can keep investigating and exploring the critical issues of our time.Our model allows people to support us in a way that works for them. Every time a reader like you makes a contribution to The Guardian, no matter how big or small, it goes directly into funding our journalism. But we need to build on this support for the years ahead.Support The Guardian from as little as SI- and it only takes a minute. Thank you. 46．The following descriptions of The Guardian are true EXCEPT ________.A．Some readers may find it difficult to afford it if The Guardian puts up a paywall.B．It strives to ensure journalism independence, tree from financial or political influence.C．It intends to give a voice to those disadvantaged and challenge the powerful.D．It tries its best to be editorially dependent, taking shareholders’ opinions into account. 47．Which of the following might The Guardian do in the daily operation?A．It requires those who c an afford it to pay for the subscription and spares those who can’t. B．It helps protect the legal rights of certain victim by challenging someone in authority.C．It stops looking into something if all the other media have made the same conclusion.D．It rec eives some donation and then uses it to finance the journalists’ further education. 48．The underlined word “inclusivity” may mean that The Guardian’s reports ________. A．show no discrimination against anybody or anythingB．cover something that it considers quite worthy of concernC．focus a lot on whether some information is accurate enoughD．involve an appeal for support from readers all over the worldThe Railroad BuildersThe Central Pacific Railroad is the first transcontinental railroad in North America, honored by BBC as one of the seven miracles after Industrial Revolution. It had made a great contribution to the US’s economy but it couldn’t be completed without Chinese labors hard work. In order to build the railroad, a lot of workers were imported from China. They had to bear the brunt of the work, deal with the dreadful environment and endure with littler pay. What challenges did they meet? And how did they cope with them?Join us in the railroad builders to find the answers!tal Railroad (known originally as the “Pacific Railroad” and later The first Transcontinen t alas the “Overland Route”) was a railroad line built in the United States of America between1863 and 1869. By linking with the existing railway network of the Eastern United States, theroad thus connected the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the United States by rail for the first time.It was one of the crowning achievements in the crossing of plains and high mountains westwardby the Union Pacific and eastward by the Central Pacific.Watch EpisodesPart 1The first transcontinental railroad at the time is the most ambitious engineering project ever attempted in the United States. When work started on the mostchallenging Western section. Chinese labors were brought in, and before long they became brunt of the work. But what did so many Chinese nationals do with the US in mid-19 Century?Part 2President Lincoln had a dream that one day a railroadwould cross the United States from coast to coast. As the construction of the first transcontinental railroad got underway in the mid-19 Century, large numbers ofChinese labors headed to the US. But would it be the land of fortune they dreamed off? What really awaited them at the end of the long and often difficult voyage from China?Part 3The first group of Chinese labor began to work on thefirst transcontinental railroad of the United States. To thedelight of the new employers, they proved to be excellent workers. But the Sierra Nevada would be a test of theirhardness and resolve. How did the Chinese labors copewith the dreadful rain and unfamiliar freezing weather?Part 4 It was the coldest winter ever known in the AmericanWest and thousands of labors from China foundthemselves having to endure the unfamiliar snow andfreezing cold. And yet they managed to build something that 150 years later is still regarded as an engineeringmarvel. What help did they get from the powerful andhighly dangerous explosive?Part 5 The Summit Tunnel through Sierra Nevada, every inch of it was built at the cost of the blood of even the lives of Chinese labors. And yet in return, the Chinese labors faced discrimination. The rewards they received were pitiful. How did they respond and what did the Central Pacific Railroad Company do to address their Part 6Paid less, and yet bearing the brunt of the work, the Chinese labors building the Central Pacific Railroad demanded more money. How did the company respond? In Sierra Nevada, they broke through rock and endured harshest winter in their memory. Now in Utah, what fresh challenges awaited them? How did they finallygrievances? earn the gratitude?49．Which of the following is Not true about the Central Pacific Railroad?A．It was built by more than one railroad company working together.B．It was constructed by Chinese labors solely.C．It is an engineering marvel recognized even today.D．It was completed with blood, sweat and tears.50．Which of the following expressions is closest in meaning to the underlined phrase “bear the brunt”?A．handle the difficulty B．deserve the creditC．suffer the main part D．come under attack51．It can be inferred from the article that ________.A．Before the construction of Pacific Railroad began, there was no railroad in America B．Pacific Railroad was intended to realize President Lincoln’s dream after he diedC．The Chinese labors earned a lot by building Pacific Railroad at the cost of their health and evenD．It took people much longer to travel from the Atlantic coast to the Pacific coast in America before 186952．This article may well be from the official website of ________.A．a television channel B．a railroad companyC．BBC documentaries D．a journal on rail buildingImagine you went to a restaurant with a date: had a burger, paid with a credit card, and left. The next time you go there, the waiter or waitress, armed with your profile data, greets you with, “Hey Joe, how are you? Mary is over there in the seat you sat in last time. Would youd yourlike to join her for dinner again?” Then you find out that your burger has been cooked andrink is on the table. Forget the fact that you are with another date and are on a diet that doesn’t include burgers. Sound a little bizarre? To some, this is restaurant equivalent of the Internet.s to and interactions at websites providesThe Net’s ability to profile you through your visit—some of which you may not want them to marketers with an enormous amount of data on youhave.Are you aware that almost every time you access a website you get a “cookie”?ype. A cookie on the Internet is a computer code sent by Unfortunately, it’s not the Mrs. Reid’s tthe site to your computer—usually without your knowledge. During the entire period of timethat you are at the site, the cookie is collecting information about your interaction, including where you visit, how long you stay there, how frequently you return to certain pages, and even your electronic address. Fill out a survey to collect free information or samples and marketers know even more about you—like your name, address, and any other information you provide. While this may sound scary enough, cookies aren’t even the latest in technology. A new system called I-librarian Alexa—named for the legendary third century B．C．library in Alexandria,Egypt- does even more. While cookies track what you are doing at one site, Alexa collects data on all your Web activity, such as which sites you visit next, how long you stay there, whether you click on ads, etc. All this information is available to markets, who use it to market more effectively to you. Not only do you not get paid for providing the information, you probably don’t even know that you are giving it.53．In the restaurant story, the author may most probably think the waiter or waitress to be________.A．considerate B．well-manneredC．annoying D．incredible54．The author makes up the restaurant story in order to ________.A．show the good service offered in some Web restaurantsB．criticize some restaurants for too considerate serviceC．show the Internet s ability to collect data on youD．prove the great power of the Internet55．What can be learned about “Alexa” from the second paragraph?A．Alexa is named after an ancient hero in Egypt.B．Alexa is installed in libraries.C．Alexa can collect all the necessary data on you.D．Alexa can provide more data for marketers than a cookies.56．Which of the following words can best reflect the authors’ attitude to cookies and Alexa? A．Critical. B．Suspicious.C．Objective. D．Optimistic.Whether work should be placed among the causes of happiness or among the causesof unhappiness may perhaps be regarded as a doubtful question. There is certainly much work which is exceedingly weary and an excess of work is always very painful. I think, however, that, provided work is not excessive in amount, even the dullest work is to most people less painful than idleness. There are in work all grades, from mere relief of tedium up to the profoundest delights, according to the nature of the work and the abilities of the worker most of the work that most people have to do is not in itself interesting, but even such work has certain great advantages.To Begin with, it fills a good many hours of the day without the need of deciding what one shall do. Most people, when they are left free to fill their own time according to their own choice, are at a loss to think of anything sufficiently pleasant to be worth doing. And whatever they decided, they are troubled by the feeling that something else would have been pleasanter. To be able to fill leisure intelligently is the last product of civilization, and at present very few people have reached this level. Moreover the exercise of choice is in itself tiresome. Except to people with unusual initiative it is positively agreeable to be told what to do at each hour of the day, provided the orders are not too unpleasant. Most of the idle rich suffer unspeakable boredom as the price of their freedom from exhausting work. At times they may find relief by hunting big game in Africa, or by flying round the world, but the number of such sensations is limited, especially after youth is past. Accordingly the more intelligent rich men work nearly as hard as if they were poor, while rich women for the most part keep themselves busy with innumerable trifles of those earth-shaking importance they are firmly persuaded.Work therefore is desirable, first and foremost, as a preventive of boredom, for the boredom that a man feels when he is doing necessary though uninteresting work is as nothing in comparison with the boredom that he feels when he has nothing to do with his days. With this advantage of work another is associated, namely that it makes holidays much more delicious when they come. Provided a man does not have to work so hard as to impair his vigor he is likely to find far more pleasure in his free time than an idle man could possibly find.The second advantage of most paid work and of some unpaid work is that it gives chances of success and opportunities for ambition. In most work success is measured by income, and while our capitalistic society continues, this is inevitable. It is only where the best work is concerned that this measure ceases to be the natural one to apply. The desire that men feel toincrease their income is quite as much a desire for success as for the extra comforts that a higher income can acquire. However dull work may be, it becomes bearable if it is a means of building up a reputation, whether in the world at large or only in ones own circle.57．What is the author’s opinion about work?A．Work can keep people busy as if they were poor.B．Work is a cause of the greatest delight of life.C．Work is very tiresome, especially when too excessive.D．Work can at least give relief from boredom58．The reason why the more intelligent rich men still work hard is that ________.A．they want to overcome boredomB．they want to earn more in case they meet with business failureC．they do not have any sensations in lifeD．they have to pay the price of their freedom from hard workcivilization?59．In the author’s opinion, what is the last product ofA．To make wise use of leisure. B．To be free from hard workC．To keep oneself busy with trifles. D．To work to some extent60．As is put by the author, most of the work that most people have to do is ________. A．delightful but time consuming B．exceedingly dull and always painfulC．not worth doing and bearable at all D．not interesting but rewarding五、六选四Directions: In the article, 4 sentences have been removed choose the most suitable ones froms. There’re 2 which do not fit in any of thethe list A-AC to fit into each of the numbered gapgaps.In the 1993 film Jurassic park, several species of dinosaurs have been brought back to life using DNA millions of years old. The dinosaurs are placed in an animal theme park as a tourist attraction. However, when a group of scientists arrives for a visit, the dinosaurs escape and attack them. After many scary encounters, only a few of the visitors remain alive.The story is of course fiction, but it reflects recent advances in genetic engineering which are getting ever closer to reality. 61．. The animals on this possible comeback list include the woolly mammoth, an elephant—like creature that wandered the plains of Siberia: the moa, a giant flightless bird from New Zealand; the thylacine, a dog-like hunter also known as the。

上海市七宝中学2020-2021学年高二上学期期末英语试题I. Listening Comprehension (25分)Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. What’s the man’s feeling?A. Impatient.B. Confused.C. Sincere.D. Comfortable.『答案』A『原文』M: The train should have been here two hours ago. How much longer are we going to wait?W: Until it comes, Jimmy. We don’t have much choice.2. Where does this conversation most probably take place?A. In a restaurant.B. In a hotel.C. In a café.D. In a snack bar.『答案』B『原文』M: What time do you start serving breakfast, please?W: At seven in the dining-room. But you can get it earlier in your room if you wish.3. What is the major field of the two speakers?A. American literature.B. Elementary education.C. Children’s literature.D. Art history.『答案』B『原文』M: Hi, Helen, what do you think of this class in children’s literature?W: It is pretty good. I didn’t know that you also major in elementary education.4. What does the woman imply?A. She will continue her work on vacation.B. Papers piled while she was on vacation.C. She has too much work to do.D. She has made her vacation plans.『答案』C『原文』M: I’m afraid you’ve been working too hard. You should take a vacation.W: Tell that to the pile of papers on my desk!5. What does the woman mean?A. The man can only make a local call.B. The man can’t use her telephone.C. The man can call any person in the world.D. The man can be her guest at any time.『答案』A『原文』M: Hi, Mag. May I use your telephone?W: Yes. Be my guest as long as it’s a local call.6. Why did Mark refuse to take the job?A. Because the working hours were not suitable.B. Because the job was quite difficult.C. Because he had to do a lot of travelling.D. Because the job was not well paid.『答案』D『原文』W: Do you know that Mark turned down that job offered by a travel agency?M: Yeah, the hours were convenient but he wouldn’t have been able to make ends meet.7. What does the man have to do now?A. Finish checking his reference.B. Complete the research.C. Put the material in order.D. Finish typing the paper.『答案』C『原文』W: How are you getting along with your research paper?M: I’ve finished all my research, but I haven’t been able to organize it, so I haven’t begun the paper yet.8. What does the man mean?A. He’ll ask Steve to go to the beach with them.B. He wants to make sure the weather is clear.C. He doesn’t know if they can have a room.D. He isn’t sure whether there will be space for Steve.『答案』D『原文』W: Steve asked if he could take a ride with us to the beach.M: Well, I will see whether or not we’ll have room. It’s still not clear.9. What are the speakers’ family probably going to do?A. Go on a trip.B. Take a long sail.C. Run a restaurant.D. Prepare a meal.『答案』A『原文』M: Our children are waiting downstairs. Let’s hurry.W: Wait a minute. We’ll take some food with us. They don’t like the meal served on the train.10. How did the woman read the book?A. She only read the contents of the book.B. She didn’t omit a single detail.C. She scanned the whole book.D. She read only some chapters of the book.『答案』D『原文』M: Have you finished reading the book you borrowed from the library?W: Oh, I didn’t read exactly the way you did. I just read some chapters which interested me most. Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the question will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

七宝中学2021第一学期高二英语期中考试卷I. Listening Comprehension (15%)Section A Short conversations (10%)1. A. A notebook. B. A pencil. C. A dictionary. D. A basketball.2. A. Six o’clock this evening B. Seven o’clock this eveningC. Three o’clock this afternoonD. Four o’clock this afternoon3. A. Too expensive B. Quite interestingC. Too boringD. Very exciting4. A. He lost his car. B. He had a car accident.C. He was hit by a train.D. He fell from the truck.5. A. Go fishing B. Go shopping C. Go to a movie D. Go on a picnic.6. A. One week. B. Two weeks. C. Three weeks. D. Four weeks.7. A. An umbrella. B. An overcoat C. A dictionary. D. A truck.8. A. In a department store. B. In a library.C. At a railway station.D. At a restaurant.9. A. The man slept very well last night. B. The man didn’t sleep very well last night.C. The woman slept very well last night.D. The woman slept like a dog last night.10. A. Playing a game. B. Picking tomatoes.C. Planting trees.D. Painting a picture.Section B Passages (3%)Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They are friends. B. They are tired.C. They are hungry.D. They are thirsty.12. A. John. B. Peter. C. The waiter. D. Neither.13. A. A nice man. B. An honest man.C. A man with good manners.D. A man with bad manners.Section C Longer Conversation (2%)Blanks 14 through 17 are based on the following conversation. (每一小题0.5分，一共2分) Seeing a doctorII. Grammar and Vocabulary Choice. (A)25—40 每一小题0.5分一共8分41—49题每一小题1分一共9分。