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第二章第一节做一名优秀的设计师一、教学内容分析本节内容是通过案例来探讨做一名优秀的设计师应具备怎样的素质。
设计、创造的根本素质和能力是可以通过后天有意识的培养而增强的。
正确思维方式的培养、智能与创造潜能的开发都是非常必要的。
但本节许多内容都比拟抽象，因此在教学过程中应注重学生自己的学习与阅读，通过学生相互间的讨论与发言，让学生自我体会与理解。
教师在课前寻找更多的资料与案例从不同领域取材，通过多种形式的展示方式，如多媒体课件，学生讲述，实物展示，播放录像，动画等，丰富课堂教学内容，活泼课堂气氛，提高教学效率。
正确思维方式的培养、智能与创造潜能的开发重点在于训练，要求学生亲自进行创新设计，在实践中提高相关能力。
二、教学目标分析1、知识与技能了解设计师所需具备的根本素质，学习和运用优良的思维方法，学习开发智能和创造潜能的方法。
2、过程与方法经历对案例与故事的阅读、讨论与交流，亲身体验设计过程，得到有益的思维训练。
3、情感、态度与价值观领略设计师世界的奥秘与神奇，熟悉从事技术活动必须具备的品质，能够负责任地参加技术活动，具有良好的合作和交流的态度。
三、教学重点和难点本节的重点在于开发创造潜能的训练，因为最终的学习目的是要求学生学会进行创新设计，因此，可多安排一些训练时间。
本节的难点在“开发智能〞，因为它是比拟抽象的东西，无法对是否提高了智能进行定量测量。
四、教学设计流程图介绍鲁班〔引入新课〕---讨论优秀设计师具备的素质----正确思维方式的培养---开发智能与创造潜能----创造潜能的训练----课外作业五、教学过程1、结合上节课制作灯笼的经验，让学生谈谈成为一名优秀设计师所需要的素质。
2、介绍鲁班〔引入新课〕多媒体展示照片：肇庆西江大桥设计式样新颖、施工技术先进、建筑规模宏大，是广东省目前最长、跨度最大的公路、铁路两用特大桥梁。
西江大桥铁路桥全长米，公路桥全长米。
该工程荣获1987年度中国建筑工程鲁班奖。
创新中国”第一讲创新价值新企业（上）对创新的认知创新的六种形式（上）对创新的认知1.名人的启示图1-1 名人谈创新2. 创新的重要性所谓的制造业就是按照某个生产流程一成不变地进行生产，而创造业需要运用大脑改变行为。
如果我们陶醉于中国今天的制造大国的地位，那么就无法成为明天领先的创造大国。
如果一个企业认为今天的利润已经足以应付生存，那么它就没有办法应对明天的改变。
【举例】【举例一】耐克运动鞋把很大的业务放在中国制造，制造一双鞋的成本最多150元，包括设立工厂、聘请工人、购买原料和机器等等，花费150元制造一双运动鞋之后，制造企业能够获得的利润可能只有15元。
但是这样一双鞋行销到全世界后，最贵的可以卖5000元，所以一双耐克的球鞋可以赚取4850元利润，而进行制造的人只拿到了150元，扣除成本，只能赚取15元。
15元和4850元相差300多倍！可见，只有创造的人才能位于行业的领导地位。
【举例二】在当今的英国，创造业非常走俏，这个行业只是出一些idea，做一些设计，然后把设计出来的产品交给别人去生产，进行授权，让对方去建立品牌。
据统计，英国创意工业一年的产值是600亿英镑，即9000亿人民币。
【举例三】如果一个企业把产品生产出来之后，放在仓库里孤芳自赏，可是却销售不出去，那么说明该企业的行销没有做好。
如果一个企业生产了产品，也销售出了产品，可是一段时间之后，顾客不再购买了，这说明是产品没有不断的进行创新。
【举例四】星巴克咖啡为什么那么受欢迎？同样是喝咖啡，年轻人为什么愿意去星巴克？这是因为星巴克不是把咖啡作为传统的咖啡来销售，而是销售给顾客一种感觉，叫做第三个地方。
对每一个人来说，都有两个很重要的地方，一个是住的地方，即家，一个是工作的地方，即公司。
可是现在星巴克强调除了家和公司之外还有第三个地方，那个地方就是星巴克。
【举例五】当初“非典”的爆发使很多餐厅倒闭，可是“非典”的爆发同时也给口罩制造商带来了商机，可是一般的口罩形式单一、颜色单一，所以如果口罩制造者能够对自己的产品进行创新，则可能大大提高产品的销量。
Simulation Environment Help™Product Version 5.1.41June 20041999-2004 Cadence Design Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Printed in the United States of America.Cadence Design Systems, Inc., 555 River Oaks Parkway, San Jose, CA 95134, USATrademarks:Trademarks and service marks of Cadence Design Systems, Inc. (Cadence) contained in this document are attributed to Cadence with the appropriate symbol. For queries regarding Cadence’s trademarks, contact the corporate legal department at the address shown above or call 1-800-862-4522.All other trademarks are the property of their respective holders.Restricted Print Permission:This publication is protected by copyright and any unauthorized use of this publication may violate copyright, trademark, and other laws. Except as specified in this permission statement, this publication may not be copied, reproduced, modified, published, uploaded, posted, transmitted,or distributed in any way,without prior written permission from Cadence.This statement grants you permission to print one (1) hard copy of this publication subject to the following conditions:1.The publication may be used solely for personal, informational, and noncommercial purposes;2.The publication may not be modified in any way;3.Any copy of the publication or portion thereof must include all original copyright,trademark,and otherproprietary notices and this permission statement; and4.Cadence reserves the right to revoke this authorization at any time, and any such use shall bediscontinued immediately upon written notice from Cadence.Disclaimer: Information in this publication is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Cadence. The information contained herein is the proprietary and confidential information of Cadence or its licensors, and is supplied subject to, and may be used only by Cadence’s customer in accordance with, a written agreement between Cadence and its customer. Except as may be explicitly set forth in such agreement, Cadence does not make, and expressly disclaims, any representations or warranties as to the completeness,accuracy or usefulness of the information contained in this document. Cadence does not warrant that use of such information will not infringe any third party rights,nor does Cadence assume any liability for damages or costs of any kind that may result from use of such information.Restricted Rights:Use,duplication,or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in FAR52.227-14 and DFAR252.227-7013 et seq. or its successor.ContentsPreface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Related Documents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71Setting Up SE Help. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 About SE Help. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Finding the Information Y ou Want . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Before Y ou Can Run a Simulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Displaying the Simulation Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Initializing a New Run Directory in the Graphical Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Reinitializing an Existing Run Directory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Setting Up Simulation in the UNIX Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Setting Up Remote Simulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Customizing Simulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Using the.simrc File To Customize SE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Customizing Netlisting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Customizing Scale Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172Creating the Input Stimulus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Creating the Input Stimulus in the Control File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Using Substitution Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .203Customizing Netlisting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 SE Netlisting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..23 Specifying a Hierarchy of Netlisting Views. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Switching Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Selecting a Netlisting View from a Hierarchy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Overriding Default View and Stop Lists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24Controlling Renetlisting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .254Running a Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Choosing Simulation Run Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Simulation in the Graphical Environment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 Simulation in the UNIX Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Full Simulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Simulation in Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 simInitRunDir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 netlist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..31 simin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 runsim. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..31 Simulation in Batch Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Interactive Simulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Netlist and Simulate Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 Simulation Environment Options Form. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .355Displaying Results. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Displaying Waveform Results in the Graphical Environment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Displaying Waveform Results in Register Form. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 Displaying T ext Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Displaying Netlisting Errors for Specific Nets or Instances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Displaying Other Netlisting Errors (SILOS II Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Displaying a Specified T ext File. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .396Controlling Job Status. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 Accessing the Job Monitor Form. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 Checking Current Simulation Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 Adjusting Job Priority. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43 T erminating a Simulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43Interrupting or Restarting a Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43 Editing the Job Monitor Form. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .447SE Functions Reference. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 Initialize . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 Initialize Forms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 Using Initialize for a New Run Directory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47 Using Initialize for an Existing Run Directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48 T op-Level SKILL Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48 Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 Options Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 Using Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50 Stimulus – Edit File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50 Edit File Form. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50 Netlist/Simulate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51 Netlist/Simulate Form. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52 Using Netlist/Simulate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 T op-Level SKILL Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 Interactive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 Using Interactive. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54 T op-Level SKILL Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54 Show Outputs – Show Run Log. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 Using Show Run Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 Show Outputs – Show Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 Using Show Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 Show Outputs – Show Global Error. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56 Using Show Global Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56Show Outputs – Highlight Errors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56 Using Highlight Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57 Show Outputs – Show Run File. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57 Show Run File Form. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57 Using Show Run File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57 Show Waveforms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58 Show Waveforms Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58 Using Show Waveforms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58 T op-Level SKILL Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 Show Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 Show Registers Form. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 Using Show Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 Job Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..60 Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 Job Monitor Form. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 Using Job Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61 T op-Level SKILL Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .628Sample Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63 Sample control File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63 Sample si.inp File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64 Sample si.inp File Generated for Cadence SILOS II. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67PrefaceSE gives you two basic ways to run simulations: using the graphical interface or using a command line. In the graphical environment, you use SE menus and forms. In the nongraphical environment,you use SE commands in a UNIX®xterm window running si or SKILL commands in the Command Interpreter Window (CIW).Related DocumentsThe Simulation Environment is often used with other Cadence products during the design process.The following manuals give you more information about the tools used to enter and verify your design.s Before you begin using the Open Simulation System, you should be familiar with the Design Framework II™ environment. See Cadence Design Framework II UserGuide.s If you want to enter or modify your design,see Virtuoso Schematic Composer User Guide.s If you want to integrate a simulator into the Cadence System,see the Open Simulation System Reference.Preface1 Setting Up SE HelpIn this chapter, you can find information abouts About SE Help on page9s Finding the Information Y ou Want on page10s Before Y ou Can Run a Simulation on page11s Displaying the Simulation Menu on page11s Initializing a New Run Directory in the Graphical Environment on page11s Reinitializing an Existing Run Directory on page13s Setting Up Simulation in the UNIX Environment on page13s Setting Up Remote Simulation on page15s Customizing Simulation on page15s Customizing Scale Factors on page17s Customizing Netlisting on page16About SE HelpSE allows you to run simulations from the graphical interface or from a command line.In the graphical environment,you use SE menus and forms.In the nongraphical environment,you use SE commands in a UNIX®xterm window running si or you use SKILL commands in the Command Interpreter Window (CIW).SE supports user-defined simulators and the following standard simulators:s System HILOs SPICE/HSPICEs Verilog-XL SimulatorSetting Up SE HelpFinding the Information You WantIf you have used Simulation Environment before, but need detailed information about a specific Simulation Environment feature,click on any menu choice in the following diagram to go to reference information about that choice.Misc->Probe->SimulationInitialize...Options...Application Options...StimulusNetlist/Simulate...Interactive...Show Outputs->Show Stimulus WaveformsShow Waveforms...Edit File...Show Registers...Show Run Log->Show Foreground Run LogJob Monitor...Show Output Show Background Run LogShow Global ErrorsHighlight ErrorsShow Run File...Application OptionsThis menu choice lets you view forms that are specific to your simulator. Y ou must write the necessary SKILL code to activate this menu choice.Show Foreground Run LogThis command lets you view the run log of the currently running foreground job.Show Background Run LogThis command lets you view the run log of the currently running background job. Before You Can Run a SimulationAfter you complete your design, you extract it, correct errors, and save the design for simulation input. Y ou must correct all errors you find during extraction before you simulate your design. For information on extraction, refer to Virtuoso Schematic Composer User Guide.Displaying the Simulation MenuTo bring up the Simulation menu when you are displaying a schematic➤In the Schematic window, select T ools – Simulation – Other.The system changes the menu banner to include the Simulation menu. This menu has the commands you need to simulate your design.Initializing a New Run Directory in the Graphical EnvironmentThe first step in simulation is setting up the simulation environment. When you initialize the environment, you specify the following:s Designs Simulators Simulation run directoryInitially,the system turns off all commands on the Simulation menu except Initialize.After you run the Initialize command, you can use the remaining simulation commands.To initialize a new simulation run directory1.In the Schematic window, select Simulation –Initialize.The following form appears:2.T ype the name of the simulation run directory.Y ou can type either a full or a relative path. If you type a relative path, the system puts the run directory under the directory in which you started the software. The default run directory is spice.run1.The system stores all simulation input and output files in the simulation run directory.As the system initializes the environment, it lists the files it has loaded and anyoverridden variables in the si.foregnd.log file3.Click OK.The following form replaces the first Initialize form:The values on this form are the current window and default SE values. Y ou can edit these fields by typing in the form or by using the Browser.1.From the Simulator Name cyclic field, select the simulator.If you use a simulator that is not listed,select other and type the name of the simulator in the adjoining text entry field. Y ou must select other before you can type in the text entry field.2.Enter the name of the library containing the top level of your design.3.Enter the cell name of the top level of your design.4.Enter the view name of your design (for example, schematic).5.Click OK.Reinitializing an Existing Run DirectoryYou must reinitialize an existing run directory for each new simulation session with the following procedure:1.In the Schematic window, select Simulation –Initialize.The following form appears:2.T ype the name of the simulation run directory.3.Click OK.Setting Up Simulation in the UNIX EnvironmentCadence recommends that you run simulation using the menus and forms in the graphical environment. However, you can also run a simulation using SE commands in the CIW or in UNIX using the si binary.With these commands,you can run simulation in either interactive or batch mode.Before you start a simulation in the UNIX environment,you must create the followingfiles in your simulation run directory:s si.envs controlIf you run simulation in UNIX, you must create the si.env file. (This file is createdautomatically when you use the graphical environment.)The si.env file tells SE which design to simulate and what simulator to use.The following table lists the variables you must define in the si.env file.Each interface might store additional specific variables in the si.env file Required Properties in si.env.Optional Property in si.envThe following is a sample si.env file:simLibName = "testLib"simCellName = "74169"simViewName = "schematic"simSimulator = "silos"simHost = "cds642"T o set up SE to run simulations in the UNIX environment, follow the steps below:1.Change to the directory that will contain the simulation run directory.2.Create the run directory using the UNIX command mkdir directoryname , where directoryname is the name of the simulation run directory. For example, if your simulation run directory is spice.run1, type the following:mkdir spice.run13.Change to the newly created directory.cd spice.run14.Create the simulation environment file si.env .VariableDescription simSimulatorSimulator to be run simLibNameName of the library containing the top-level cellview simCellNameName of the top-level cell to be simulated simViewName View name of the top-level cell to be simulatedVariableDescription simHost Host name of remote simulatorSetting Up Remote SimulationYou can set up the system to run remote simulation using the Verilog-XL, HSPICE, and SPICE simulators. The local machine and the remote host must both run the X Window System TM.T o set up remote simulation, perform the following steps to define the necessary variables (you can set these variables using the Options command on the Simulation menu by typing them in the CIW or in the.simrc file):1.Set the SE variable simHost to the name of the remote workstation.For example:simHost = "cds17"2.Set the SE variable simHostDiffers to true(t)if the host computer has a different binarystorage format than the local computer.For example:simHostDiffers = tAfter you set these variables,you can run a remote simulation and view the results as if you were running the simulation locally.Customizing SimulationUsing the.simrc File To Customize SEWhen you initialize SE, it first loads the si.env file. This file tells SE what design to simulate and what simulator to use.SE then loads the.simrc file if it exists. The.simrc file lets you override any netlisting or simulation environment variables. SE searches the following directories and loads the first .simrcfile it finds:$SIMRC/.simrc$ossSimUserSiDir/.simrcinstall_dir/tools/dfII/local/.simrc./.simrc~/.simrcIf you set a variable in.simrc that also sets options in the graphical environment (with the Options command), SE uses the.simrc file settings and ignores the Options settings.The .simrc file must be in SKILL syntax.The following is a sample .simrc file.The first line overrides the default view list used for view switching with SILOS.The second line overrides the default stopping list that stops hierarchy expansion for SILOS.hspiceSimViewList = ("hspice" "cmos_sch" "schematic")hspiceSimStopList = ("hspice" "cmos_sch")The following table shows you some SE variables you can set in your .simrc file tocustomize simulation.Y ou can also see the Open Simulation System Reference Manual for a complete list of SE variablesFor a description of SKILL syntax and further information about SKILL functions, see the SKILL Language User Guide and the SKILL Language Reference Manual.Customizing NetlistingThe way the design hierarchy is traversed to produce the netlist and the syntax of the netlist depends on your simulator.For example,you might want the netlist for a Verilog simulation to VariableDescription simSimulatorSimulator to run simControlFilePath of default control file simDefaultControlName of default control file if stored in install_dir/etc/s simTimeUnit Scaling factor for delay times. This valueshould match the first argument of thedeftiming command.simCapUnit Scaling factor for capacitancesimNlpGlobalLibName Name of library containing globalformatting instructions for flat netlistersimNlpGlobalCellName Name of cell containing global formattinginstructions for flat netlistersimNlpGlobalViewName Name of view of the cell containing globalformatting instructions for flat netlistersimNotIncremental Specifies incremental netlisting when setto nil .simReNetlistAll Specifies non-incremental netlistingsimNetlistHierSpecifies hierarchical netlistingbe at the logic gate level because Verilog can simulate primitives such as AND gates and AOIs. Y ou might want the netlist for a SPICE simulation of the same design to be at the transistor level because SPICE cannot simulate logic gates.Click on the topics below to go to information about customizing netlisting.s SE Netlistings Specifying a Hierarchy of Netlisting Viewss Selecting a Netlisting View from a Hierarchys Overriding Default View and Stop Listss Controlling RenetlistingCustomizing Scale FactorsThe netlister can scale time and capacitance values. The scale factors for time and capacitance are defined by two SE variables: simTimeUnit and simCapUnit. With both variables, the value to be scaled is divided by the scale factor. The default value of variable simTimeUnit is1e-9(nanoseconds),and the default value of variable simCapUnit is1e-15 (femtofarads). Y ou can customize the scale factors by typing new simTimeUnit and simCapUnit values in your.simrcfile.Y ou can change the SILOS time unit,for example,to a picosecond by setting simTimeUnit to 1e-12.。
