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【2014高考真题精选】1.（2014安徽卷）25．The meaning of the word "nice' changed a few times it finally came to include the sense "pleasant."A. beforeB. afterC. sinceD. while2.（2014安徽卷）31．What we expect from you is working hard hardly working.A. less thanB. rather thanC. as well asD. as much as3.（2014北京卷）21. Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, ______ plants can spread to new places.A. soB. orC. forD. but4.（2014北京卷）23. Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _______ half an hour.A. byB. inC. forD. until【考点】考察将来时和介词使用【答案】B5.（2014北京卷）29._______ the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year.A. AsB. WhenC. Even thoughD. In case6.（2014大纲卷）29. September 30 is the day ______ which you must pay your bill.A. byB. forC. withD. in7.（2014福建卷）22. Our club is open to everyone ____ age, sex or educational background.A. due toB. except forC. along withD. regardless of8.（2014湖北卷）30. Check carrots, potatoes, onions and any other vegetables ______ and immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting.A. in demandB. in storeC. on loanD. on sale【考点】考察介词短语辨析及上下文串联【答案】B【解析】本题主要考察的是介词短语辨析。
2014高考英语阅读理解题的解题思路一、解的十个特征：1、体现中心思想（包括段落中心）的是解2、照抄原文的不是解，同义替换的是解3、含义不肯定的是解，如：can could may usually might most more orless relatively be likely to含义绝对的不是解：must always never the most all any none entirely含义相反的是解4、具体的不是解，概括性的、抽象的是解5、带有some的是解：someone somebody sometime something certain6、简单的不是解，复杂的是解，字面意思不是解，含义深刻的是解7、带虚词的解：another other more either both also beside additional extra different same particular nearly not enough8、“变化”是解：change delay improve postpone increase9、“重要的、基础的”是解：important necessity essential basisbe based on10、二选一：反义项有解；形似项有解；近义项有解阅读题的四种题型及其命题思路1.主旨题－中心思想①Main idea －what is the main idea / point of this passage?②Main topic －what is the main topic / subject / title?③Purpose －what is the author’s main purpose in the passage?对策：答案多在文章的首句或末句；解：多为概括性的选项2.细节性问题①Accroding－考查对文章内容的掌握，如：时间、地点、事件等细节问题。
2014英语必考点逐个击破快速提分：考点妙解提纲类本类考题解答锦囊提纲式作文又是高考书面表达的一个特色。
出题的形式就是给出某种情景和内容要求，请考生根据这一情景与要求写出自己的思想。
这类题型相对于其他类型的题来说，特点在于考生可以充分发挥自己的思维想象能力，进而组织自己的语言来表达某种思想。
因此，这类题具有较大的灵活性，也能产好地表现考生的英语思维想象能力。
不像其它类题型，千篇一律。
但缺点就是教师的评卷、给分缺少了客观性标准，主观性较强。
对于这类题型的处理，考生首先要认真阅读前面的提示，把握准情景和要求，使表达的内容不走题；其次，根据情景的开展，按顺序安排好材料；最后，进展合理的总结。
Ⅰ高考最新热门题1.(典型例题卷)假设你是李华，你的一位美国朋友Paul想在署假来中国学习汉语。
你帮他询问了署期汉语班的情况。
请根据如下要求写一封回信。
时间：7月初开始，4小时／天(周一至周五)程度：三个级别(初级到高级)授课教师经验丰富，小班上课注意：1．词数：100左右；2．可根据要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯Dear Paul，…Yours，Li Hua命题目的与解题技巧：此题考查以提纲形式写书面表达【解析】本文是作者在知道朋友要来中国学习汉语后，给朋友写一封回信介绍署期汉语培训班的情况。
从形式来看，这是一封书信；从内容上来说，它是一篇说明文。
由于所介绍的是即将发生的事情，故用一般将来时、混合人称写作。
【答案】One possible version: Dear Paul,I am so glad that you are planning to take a summer course in China. Our university runs summer Chinese language courses at three levels, from beginning to advanced. All the courses start in early July. Lessons will be given in small classes of no more than ten students. You will get a lot of practice in such a class. All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students. Classes meet four hours a day, five days a week-Monday to Friday. If you decide to come or need any further information , do let me know.Yours.2.(典型例题)假设你是李华，你在报上看到电视台今年七月将举行外国人“学中文，唱中文歌〞才艺大赛。
高中英语真题:（四川卷）2014年高考英语分类汇编（2014高考真题+模拟新题）T1 补全对话T1[2014·四川卷]Mary: Mike, how do I look in these blue jeans?Mike: __51__ They really suit you, Mary!Mary: Thanks, you know, these kinds of jeans are in style now. Mike: __52__Mary: I mean…they are very popular these days; everyone is w earing them!Mike: You are great at keeping up with fashions.Mary: Well, __53__Mike: Perhaps you can help me pick out a pair of jeans now, sin ce you are an expert.Mary: __54__ I would be happy to help you with your fashion change!Mike：__55__A. Wow, great!B. No problem!C. See you then.D. Any suggestions?E. I am a girl after all.F. What do you mean?G. Thank you so much！【要点综述】这是一则以牛仔裤为谈论话题的简短对话。
51. A 玛丽问迈克，她穿上牛仔裤怎么样，并根据后文的“Thanks, you know…”可知答案为A。
52. F 根据后文玛丽所说的“I mean…”可知答案为F。
53. E 根据上句迈克评价玛丽擅长跟随时尚可知答案为E。
54. B 根据上句迈克叫玛丽帮他挑牛仔裤可知答案为B。
2014高考英语阅读理解(通用版）考前精讲精练（答案）阅读理解解题指导阅读理解历来都是高考英语试卷中难度最大、区分度最高的题型，它要求考生理解文章的主旨和要义；理解文中的具体信息；根据上下文推断生词的词义；理解文章的基本结构；理解作者的意图、观点和态度等。
下面我们来探讨一下高考阅读理解的解题思路。
一、主旨大意题此类题型主要考查考生的归纳、概括等能力。
一种命题方式是对整篇文章或者某一段落大意的概括,提问方式一般是：What is the text mainly about?/What is the main idea of the text/ the second paragraph?；另一种命题方式是提炼文章的标题，其提问方式一般是：What can be the best title for the text？阅读时,文章的开头、结尾及段落的段首句和段尾句特别重要，因为它们往往包含文章的中心议题。
有时候,文章或段落中没有明确的主题句，需要我们根据所提供的信息归纳出文章或段落的主旨大意。
同时要注意提炼文章的关键词.此外，标题类题目还要追求语言的生动和趣味性。
如：(2013安徽卷B篇）Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger, but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways. You may wonder how paving （铺砌）a road can lead to less useable fresh water。
A major part of the water we use every day is groundwater. Groundwater does not come from lakes orrivers。
2014高考英语任务型阅读（四川省）考前精讲精练（答案）阅读表达考纲解读及解题指导高考阅读表达把阅读和写作巧妙结合，是一种主客观题相结合的题型，旨在全方位、多角度考查学生的阅读、思维和语言表达能力。
本题型具有以下特点：一、问题设置形式灵活多样，综合考查学生的多种基本能力。
命题涉及标题归纳、意图判断、代词指代、补全内容、问题简答以及结论等，形成对文章全方位、多角度的考查，能全面、客观地反映学生“读、写、思、译”等方面的能力。
二、答题客观性和开放性相结合，突出思维的开放性，给学生提供广阔的思维空间。
要求考生根据短文内容和自己的理解作答，只要符合题目要求，表述准确，就是正确答案。
考生可以充分展示自己的语言表达能力，发挥思维的多样性与开放性。
三、选材要求文章结构严谨，层次分明，信息量大，包含结构复杂的难句，适合命题的多样性。
所选文章一般是一篇具有中等难度的说明文、议论文或应用文。
解题指导下面对阅读表达的命题规律做一探讨，希望对大家备战2014年高考有所帮助。
一、主旨归纳。
这种问题要求在把握好全文或某一段内容的基础上，对文章(或段落)的主旨大意进行归纳。
常用的命题方式有：What is the text mainly about? (no more than x words)What is mainly discussed in the text? (no more than x words)What advice is given in the …paragraph? (no more than x words)大家在进行主旨归纳时，应该首先看一看文章首尾段是否对全文进行了归纳，如果这样，我们通过归纳文章首尾段就能得到文章的主旨；如果上述两种情况都不存在，我们就需要对全文进行归纳总结。
在归纳文章主旨时，一定要注意扣准能够体现文章主旨的关键词。
二、标题归纳。
这种题型非常类似于阅读理解中的标题选择题，即要求考生在整体把握全文的基础上，用最简洁凝练的语言归纳文章的标题。
高中英语真题:2014高考英语阅读理解、动词短语精讲讲练（6）及答案BiographyWhen Salinger learned that a car park was to be built on the lan d, the middle-aged writer was shocked and quickly bought the neighboring ar ea to protect it… The townspeople never forgot the rescue and came to help their most famous neighbor.J. D. Salinger: A Life by Kenneth Slawenski (Random House,$2 7)Mystery（疑案小说）"You're a smart boy. Benny's death was no accident, and you're the only one who saw it happen. Do you think the murderer sh ould get away with it?" The boy was staring stubbornly at his la p again.A thought suddenly occurred to Annika, "Did you …You recogni zed the man in the car, didn't you?"The boy hesitated, twisting his fingers, "Maybe," he said quietly. Red Wolf by Liza Marklund(Atria Books, $25. 99)Short StoriesShe wants to say to him what she has learned, none of it in class. Some women are born stupid, and some women are too smart for their own good. Some women areborn to give, and some women only know how to take. Some w omen learn who they want to be from their mothers, some who t hey don't want to be. Some mothers suffer so their daughters won't. Some mothers love so their daughters won’t.You Are Free by Danzy Senna （Riverhead Books,$15）HumorDo your kids like to have fun? Come to Fun Times! Do you like t o watch your kids having fun? Bring them to Fun Times! Fun Ti mes’s“amusement cycling” is the most fun you can have in the United States right now. Why spend thousands of dollars flying to Disney World when you can spend less than half to that withi n a day's drive in most cities?Happy And Other Bad Thoughts by Larry Doyle（Ecco,$14. 99）64. If the readers want to know about the life of Salinger, they s hould buy the book published by _______.A. EccoB. Atria BooksC. Riverhead BooksD. Random House65. The book Happy And Other Bad Thoughts is intended for .A. young childrenB. Disney World wor kersC. middle school teachersD. parents with young children66. Which book describes women with characters of their own?A. Happy And Other Bad ThoughtsB. J. D. Salinger : A Life[2C. You Are FreeD. Red Wolf67. After finishing the book Red Wolf, the readers would learn t hat .A. the boy helped arrest the murdererB. Benny died of an accidentC. the murderer got away with the crimeD. Annika carried out the crime参考答案 64-67 DDCA**********************************************************结束Are you an optimist? Do you look at your glass and see it as half full? Do you believe that every cloud has a silver lining and tha t generally things turn out for the best? Do you believe that if so mething is meant to be, it will be? If you reply “yes” to all of thes e questions, then you are an optimist. You probably are enthusi astic, cheerful and outgoing. You may well be successful at wor k and in love.But you may be misguided because things don’t turn out for the best. You may believe that when one door closes another one opens (for example，you may fail to obtain a new job，another chance will come around soon), Wrong. When one door closes, another door slams in your f ace. That's bitter reality.Now a book has been published which confirms what we pessi mists (悲观者）have suspected all along. It's called The Positive Power of Defe nsive Pessimism. Its author argues that defensive pessimism c an lead to positive results. Defensive pessimism is a strategy u sed to manage fear, anxiety and worry. Defensive pessimists pr epare for things by setting low outcomes for themselves. They c arefully consider everything that may go wrong and plan for wa ys to handle these problems. And this gives them a sense of co ntrol. Lawrence Sanno, a psychology professor, says, “What’s i nteresting about defensive pessimists is that they tend to be very successful people, so their low opinion of the situation’s outco mes is not realistic. They use it to motivate themselves to perform better. ”So far, so good. This is not rocket science. Defensive pessimist s prepare carefully and consider what might go wrong, whether at work, on a date or even in a sports game. It makes sense to have a back-up plan. There are many sayings in English urging caution. For example, “Don’t put all your eggs in one basket,” and “Don’t co unt your chickens until they hatch. “ To have a confident and op timistic approach to life’s problems is good. But listen to what W oody Alien，the American comedian says, ”Confidence is what you have bef ore you understand the problem.”There are pros and cons to being an optimist and a pessimist. Don’t feel bad if you see the glass half empty. You are a realist. But lighten up and hook up with someone who sees the same glass half full.68. What is the passage mainly about?A. A book that has recently been published.B. The dangers of being too optimistic.C. The benefits of defensive pessimism.D. How to become successful in life.69. The underlined sentence “This is not rocket science” in para graph 4 means _________.A. the cost is not so highB. there is no real proofC. it’s not a dangerous thing to doD. it is quite simple to understand70. The writer would probably describe himself as_____.A. an optimistB. a realistC. a defeatistD. a scientist71. Which of the following English expressions would a defensi ve pessimist believe?A. “Every cloud has a silver lining.”B. “The glass is half full not half empty.”C. “Whatever will be, will be.”D. “Don’t put all your eggs in one b asket.”参考答案 68-71 CDBD****************************************************结束In 1986，when Carlo Petrini first coined the term “Slow Food，” he organized locally in his native Italy to preserve the food and wine cult ure and protest fast food.Today, slow food has spread to 132 countries with over 85, 000 members, addressing worldwide issues like farmer equity and environmental stewardship—the actions people take to respect the rights of all living things a nd all environments, to contribute to healthy and livable commu nities.Characterized by Slow Food International as “good, clean, and f air food，” slow food must enrich the eaters' life，have no negative impact on human or environmental health，and compensate fairly for food producers' work.The average American meal travels about 1,500 miles to its fina l destination, with producing of food traveling by plane from ove rseas and other items shipped across the country.However，cost for food travel and heavy processing are not the only probl ems in the food industry that the environment faces. Industrial a griculture also has unsustainable practices like inefficient water use and decreased biodiversity. Our ideas in feeding ourselves are exceptional, but at various points our technologies come int o conflict with nature's ways of doing things. A great many of th e health and environmental problems created by our food system owe to our attempts to oversimplify natures complexities, at b oth the growing and the eating ends of our food chain.“Slowing” food, by purchasing locally and sustainably, allows co nsumers to reduce the impact of “food miles” and develop a clo ser relationship with their food producers.“ We need to change our food system，” said David Prior, organizer of Slow Food Na tion EatIn. “Our current food system is sick and we need to sup port farmers and agriculture to ensure that everyone has the rig ht to nutritious food.”72. The main idea of the passage can be summarized as______ __.A. why slow food is so importantB. the food and wine culture is rich in ItalyC. what you're eating always travels a long wayD. slow food makes the current food system sick73. According to the second paragraph, “environmental steward ship” refers to________.A. measures of environmental protectionsB. ways to establish healthy and livable communitiesC. people's admiration for all the creatures on the earthD. actions to protect the rights of all living things and environme nt74. Slow food's characteristic doesn't lie in________.A. improving the quality of eaters' lifeB. providing a fair pay for food workersC. being friendly to human and environmental healthD. developing a loose relationship with food producers75. What is David Prior's attitude towards current food system?A. Suspicious.B. Unsatisfied.C. Indifferent.D. Supportive.参考答案 72-75 ADDB动词和动词词组自我检测1. The teacher has a peculiar way of ______her student’s nervo usness when then speak English.A. breaking downB. going overC. taking offD. giving away2. In the cross-lake swimming race, a boat will be ____in case of an emergenc y.A. standing byB. turning onC. getting onD. ru nning on3. You _____only half the price ,how would the seller sell the jac ket to you ?A. spentB. paidC. chargedD. offered4. He _____the problem _____in his mind for a whole week befo re he did anything about it.A. switched; onB. kicked; upC. turned; overD. too k; on5. At times the balance in nature is ______ , resulting in a numb er of possibly unforeseen effects.A. troubledB. confusedC. disturbedD. puzzled6. — So, how is your new roommate ?— She really ____. She always making loud noises at midnight and when I remind her , she always makes rude remarks.A. turns me overB. turns me downC. turns me offD. tur ns me out7. People have planted a great many trees in order to ____wind and sand in the desert.A. hold downB. hold upC. hold backD. hold out8. — Would you like to go to Paris with us next year ?—I’d like to, but my mother ______ that I am too young.A. is againstB. opposesC. objectsD. explains9. There’s no bear left and the pubs are shut so you’ll have to _ ______.A. go outB. go offC. go withoutD. go through10. The film “World without thieves” ______ a great success and brought in a large profit to the cinema.A. appreciatedB. enjoyedC. wonD. seized11. Dressed untidily and speaking in a strange way, Father mus t have ______ to the people present to be a silly old man.A. appearedB. pretendedC. shownD. thought12. Thomas Alva Edison didn’t“invent” the light bulb (灯泡), but rather he ______ a 50 –year –old idea, which is not well –known.A. improved uponB. take downC. put upD. break away13. You’d better ______ some hot water into the bottle in case t he teacools down.A. addB. fillC. fill inD. put14. After retirement, Mr. Smith ______ painting, which he had al ways loved but had not had time for.A. took upB. got upC. help upD. looked up15. She tried hard to keep calm in face of the students, but the sweat on her forehead _____ her ____.A. gave; awayB. tuned; downC. showed; outD. shut; off答案与解析1、A 句意：这位老师有一种疏导学生在说英语时产生的紧张情绪的独特方法。
毛额市鹌鹑阳光实验学校备战2014高考英语精讲巧解分类攻克13状语从句时间状语从句(1)表示时间的状语从句可以由when，whenever，as，while，before，until，ever since，as soon as等词引导。
As a young man (＝When he was a young man)，he was fond of hunting.他年轻时，喜欢打猎。
When the rain stopped，students rushed out of the classroom.雨停了，学生们冲出教室。
My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework.我做作业时母亲在做饭。
We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.我们刚要出发，突然下起雨来。
It will be half a year before I come back.我半年之后才回来。
(2)名词词组引导时间状语从句：every/each time每一次；the moment/minute 那时(一……就……)；the first/second time 第一/二次；the last time最后一次；the day那一天；the week那一周等。
Every time I see him，he looks miserable.每次我看见他，他都是一副愁眉苦脸的样子。
He said he’d phone you the moment he got home.他说他一到家就给你打电话。
(3)as soon as，instantly，directly，immediately等表示从句动作一发生，主句动作随即发生，通常意为“一……就……”，也可引起表示时间的状语从句。
The moment I saw it，I fell in love with it.我一看见它就爱上了它。
落堕市安心阳光实验学校备战2014高考英语精讲巧解分类攻克14虚拟语气注意：(1)若条件句中有were，had，should，可把if 省略，而把were，had，should 放在主语前，形成倒装结构，这种结构主要用于书面语中。
Had you taken my advice，you wouldn’t have failed in the examination.如果你听了我的建议，你就不会考试不及格了。
(2)有时主句和虚拟条件从句的动作发生的时间不一致，此时，主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选择适当的动词形式。
If you had worked hard，you would be very tired now.如果你真的努力工作了，你现在就会感到很累的。
(从句指过去，主句指现在)(3)有时虚拟条件并不通过条件从句表达出来，而是通过词、短语或上下文暗示，此时句子的时态要依具体情况而定。
Without electricity(＝If there were no electricity)，life would be quite different today.如果没有电，今天的生活就会完全不同。
But for your help，it would have caused a serious loss.要不是你的帮助，那将会导致巨大的损失。
I was busy that day.Otherwise I would have gone there with them.(If I hadn’t been busy that day，I would have gone there with them.)我那天很忙，否则，我就和他们一起去那儿了。
1.(2010·湖南卷)If he________my advice，he wouldn’t have lost his job. A．followed B．should followC．had followed D．would follow解析：句意为：如果他(当时)接受我的建议，就不会丢掉他的工作了。
备战2014高考英语精讲巧解分类攻克6动词的时态和语态时态一般现在时(1)可表示客观真理、科学事实。
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳从东方升起，从西方落下。
(2)可用在由if，unless引导的条件状语从句，由even/if/though引导的让步状语从句，由when，before，until/till，as soon as，the moment引导的时间状语从句，由no matter what/who/when/where/how或whatever，whoever等引导的让步状语从句中，这时主句往往表将来或主句是祈使句。
I’ll go with you as soon as I finish it.我一做完，就与你一同去。
Whatever you say，I will not change my mind.无论你说什么，我都不会改变主意。
一般过去时表示“刚才，在过去”之意，暗示现在已“不再这样”。
—Your phone number again？I didn’t quite catch it.——再重述一下你的电话号码好吗？我没记下来。
—It’s 9568686.——是9568686。
一般将来时(1)“will＋动词原形”表示事物的固有属性与必然趋势。
Fish will die without water.离开水，鱼就会死。
(2)“be going to＋动词原形”可表示根据迹象对未来进行推断。
Look at the dark clouds.It is going to rain.看那乌云，要下雨了。
(3)“be about to＋动词原形”表示立即的将来，很少与时间状语连用。
The train is about to start.火车就要开了。
(4)位移动词如come，go，arrive等，其一般现在时表按时间表将要发生的事，现在进行时可表计划、安排要做的事。
I arrive in Beijing at 3∶00 p．m.tomorrow.明天下午三点我会到达北京。
He is coming.他将要来。
They are leaving for Tibet.他们将要去西藏。
(5)be to ＋动词原形①表示计划，安排。
When are you to leave for New York?你计划什么时候去纽约？②表示指令，相当于should。
You are to report it to the police.你应该把这事报告给警察。
③表示“打算，想要”。
If we are to be there before ten，we’ll have to go now.若我们想在十点前到，我们现在就得走。
现在/过去进行时(1)表示现在或当时发展中的或正在进行的情况。
I first met Lisa three years ago，she was working at a shop then.我第一次遇见莉莎是在3年前，那时她正在一家商店工作。
—Hey，look where you are going!——嘿，看看你往哪儿走！—Oh，I’m terribly sorry.I wasn’t noticing.——噢！非常抱歉！我没注意。
(2)表示反复出现的或习惯性动作，往往含有赞赏、厌恶、遗憾等情感，常与always，continually，constantly连用。
He is always thinking of others first.(表赞赏)他总是先为别人着想。
He is always making the same mistake. (表厌烦)他总是犯同样的错误。
(3)表示动作的未完性、暂时性。
I don’t really work here；I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives.我不是在此工作，我只是在帮忙，新秘书来了我就走。
(暂时性)Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology is changing so rapidly.选手机供个人使用不是一件容易事因为技术变化太快。
(“变化”尚未完成)(4)表示按计划、安排要做的事。
I’ve won a holiday for two days to Florida.I am taking my mum.我获得了一次去佛罗里达度两天假的机会。
我计划带着我妈妈去。
(计划)(5)表示现在或当时发展中的或正在进行的情况。
—Is this raincoat yours？——这是你的雨衣吗？—No，mine is hanging there behind the door.——不是，我的在门后挂着呢。
现在完成时(1)在条件、时间、让步状语从句中，表示将来某时以前已完成的动作。
I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes.除非我亲眼看到，我是不会相信你的。
Please don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.车未停，请不要下车。
(2)It/This is/will be the first(last，second，third...)time that...和It/This is the best(worst，most interesting)＋n.＋that...结构的从句要求用现在完成时。
This is the first time that I’ve heard her sing.这是我第一次听她唱歌。
It’s the best film I’ve ever seen.这是我所看过的最好的一部电影。
过去完成时(1)Hardly/Scarcely/Barely had...done...when；No sooner had...done...than...中从句用一般过去时。
Hardly had I got home when the rain poured down.我刚到家，天就下起了倾盆大雨。
No sooner had we started than the car got a flat tyre.我们刚出发，轮胎就爆了。
(2)表示愿望、打算类的词，如hope，expect，mean，intend，want，think等，用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或意图。
I had meant to help you，but I was too busy at the moment.我本打算帮助你，但当时我太忙了。
现在完成进行时(1)表示一个从过去某时开始发生，一直延续到现在并可能延续下去的动作。
I’ve been waiting for an hour but she still hasn’t come.我已等了一个小时，但她还没有来。
(2)表示动作刚刚结束 (有时指出结果)。
My clothes are wet.I’ve been w alking in the rain.我的衣服湿了，我一直走在雨中。
(3)表示重复 (指断断续续，而非一直不停)。
She has been phoning Jim every night for the past two weeks.两个星期以来她每天晚上都给吉姆打电话。
语态被动语态使用要点不及物动词不能用于被动语态如appear，rise，die，happen，belong to，break out，take place等。
Great changes have been taken place in my hometown.(误)Great changes have taken place in my hometown. (正)我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。
表示状态的动词不用于被动语态如lack，fit，mean，hold，have，cost，contain，become，last，possess，consist of，look like等。
The book costs 10 yuan.这本书花了10元钱。
What’s become of her？她怎么了？主动形式表被动的几种情况(1)某些感官动词和系动词后加形容词可以表示被动意义，如look，smell，taste，feel，prove，wear，sound等。
The flower smells sweet.花闻起来很香。
The dish tastes delicious.菜吃起来非常可口。
(2)在主语是物的句子里，有些动词的主动形式可以表示被动意义，这些词后常有副词修饰。
常用的这类动词有sell，read，write，wear，wash，open，clean，cook，keep，cut，fill，blow，measure，lock，run，record，begin，shut等。
This type of recorder sells well.这种型号的录音机销路很好。
He doesn’t photograph well.他不太上相。
This kind of shirt cleans easily.这种衬衫容易洗干净。
(3)动名词主动形式表示被动意义通常是事物 (也可以是人)作want，need, require，deserve等动词的主语时，表示事物 (或人)客观上“需要……”，用动名词一般式的主动形式作宾语表示被动意义。
若动名词是不及物的，后面还应有相应的介词。
The children need looking after.孩子们需要照看。
这种用法还可把动名词改为动词不定式的被动形式来表被动。
The children need to be looked after.(4)在作表语的某些形容词 (easy，difficult，light，heavy，fit，good，safe，comfortable，dangerous，pleasant等)后作状语用的不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
She is easy to approach.她平易近人。
The rock is hard to break.这块岩石很难打碎。
不定式符号to在被动语态中不可省略在主动语态中，如果感官动词和使役动词后的宾语补足语是动词，这个动词前往往不用to，但在被动语态中要带to。
I saw her pass by the window.我看见她从窗边经过。
She was seen to pass by the window.她被看见从窗边经过。
