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（词类活用、句法、副词部分）练习一一、说明以下句中词类活用的现象：1、左右欲兵之。
2、昔齐人有欲金者，清旦，衣冠而之市。
3、魏将庞涓闻之，去韩而归。
齐军既已过而西矣。
4、贤者与民并耕而食，饔飧而治。
二、判别使动用法和意动用法，并分别予以说明：1、功皆未至，子何独自是而非我哉！（墨子·耕柱）2、大其都者危其国，尊其臣者卑其主。
（史记·范雎蔡泽列传）3、曲其堗（同“突”，烟囱），远其积薪；不者，将有火患。
（说苑·权谋篇）4、托地而游宇，友风而子雨。
（荀子·赋篇）5、时充国年七十余，上老之。
（史记·赵充国传）三、指出以下句中用作状语的名词，并说明它所表示的意义：1、与秦军降诸侯，诸侯吏卒乘胜，多奴虏使之，轻折辱秦吏卒。
2、乡邻之生日蹙。
3、楚田仲以侠闻，喜剑，父事朱家。
4、将军鱼游于沸鼎之中，燕巢于飞幕之上。
5、草行露宿，日与北骑相出没于长淮间。
四、指出以下句子宾语所在的位置，说明其语序类型。
1、吾谁欺？欺天乎！2、我无尔诈，尔无我虞。
3、今吴是惧而城于郢。
4、余唯利是视。
5、子归，何以报我？五、解释以下句子中加点的词，并说明它的词性和用法。
1、太后之色少．解。
2、田忌一不胜而再．胜。
3、臣愿颇．采古礼，与秦仪杂就之。
4、鲁周霸、孔安国，洛阳贾嘉，颇．能言《尚书》事。
5、陈涉虽已死，其所置遣侯王将相竟．亡秦。
6、匈奴匿其壮士肥牛马，但．见老弱与羸畜。
六、古文加标点光为人沈静详审长财七尺三寸白皙疏眉目美须髯每出入下殿门止进有常处郎仆射窃识视之不失尺寸其资性端正如此初辅幼主政自己出天下想闻其风采殿中尝有怪一夜群臣相惊光召尚符玺郎郎不肯授光光欲夺之郎按剑曰臣头可得玺不可得也光甚谊之明日诏增此郎秩二等众庶莫不多光（《汉书·霍光传》）单元练习二一、以下句中加点的是代词或兼词，请依次注明它所称代的人、物、事，并说明它所充当的句子成分：初，宣子田于首山，舍于翳桑。
高三语文语法试题答案及解析1.下列各项中不是宾语前置句的一项是()A．沛公安在？B．虽我之死，有子存焉。
C．唯才是举。
D．籍何以至此？【答案】B【解析】A项，沛公在安；C项，唯举才；D项，以何。
2.下列各项中补出的省略成分错误的一项是()A．秦王购之(以)金千斤。
B．(秦王)见燕使者(于)咸阳宫。
C．则与(于)一生彘肩。
D．杀人如(恐)不能举，刑人如恐不胜。
【答案】C【解析】则与(之)一生彘肩。
3.下列各句中，句式与其他三句不同的一项是（）A．夫晋，何厌之有B．自书典所记，未之有也。
C．悟已往之不谏D．莫之夭阏者【答案】C【解析】这是一道考核句式的题目，古汉语句式主要有判断句、被动句、倒装句、省略句，其中倒装句又有宾语前置句、定语后置句、介宾短语后置句。
本题选项ABD都是宾语前置句，只有选项C没有任何特殊形式。
【考点】理解与现代汉语不同的句式和用法。
4.选出对下边句子成分分析正确的一项。
（）十几年来，延安机场上送行的情景时时出现在眼前。
A．这个句子的主语中心语是“情景”，谓语中心语是“出现”，宾语是“在眼前”。
B．这个句子的主语中心语是“延安机场”，谓语中心语是“出现”，补语是“在眼前”。
C．这个句子的主语中心语是“情景”，谓语中心语是“出现”，补语是“在眼前”。
D．这个句子的主语是“十几年来”，谓语是“延安机场送行的情景常常出现在眼前”。
【答案】C【解析】十几年来，延安机场上送行的为定语，情景为主语，出现为谓语，时时修饰出现。
在眼前为补语。
5.下列句子中用主谓短语作谓语的是（）A．我觉得苏州园林是我国各地园林的标本。
B．冰凉的河水呛得我好难受。
C．苏州园林布局幽雅。
D．人人都过幸福生活是我们美好的心愿。
【答案】C【解析】苏州园林‖布局幽雅。
A.“苏州园林是我国各地园林的标本”是句子做的谓语。
B.“我好难受”做补语。
D.“人人都过幸福生活”做主语，“是”做谓语，它是动词做的谓语，“我们美好的心愿”做宾语。
专题一动词的时态语态和主谓一致2018年题组1 一般时1.[2018全国Ⅰ，64]While running regularly can t make you live forever, the review says it(be) more effective at lengthening life...2.[2018全国Ⅱ，68]The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 —when the government (start) a soil-testing program... —and 2011,fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.3.［2018全国Ⅲ，69]When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just... True to a gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal (mean) me no real harm.4.［2018北京,1]—Hi, I m Peter. Are you new here? I haven t seen you around.—Hello, Peter. I m Bob. I just （start）on Monday.5.［2018全国Ⅱ改错］I didn t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school.题组2 进行时1.[2018北京，4]Susan had quit her well\|paid job and （work）as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.题组3完成时1. [2018全国Ⅱ，61]Since 2011, the country (grow) more corn than rice.2.[2018北京，7]China’s high-speed railways （grow）from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.3.[2018全国Ⅲ改错]It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin.题组5将来时1.[2018江苏，31]Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we（develop）more convenient electronic communication tools by then.题组6被动语态1.[2018北京，9\]A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who （trap）in the mountains for two days.2.[2018天津，13\]My washing machine （repair）this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.3.[2018浙江6月，60\]...and I （shock) when I learnt she hadn t cooked once in all that time.4.［2018江苏，30\]I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan（carry）out in the past two years.题组7主谓一致1.［2018全国Ⅲ改错］The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks, and mistakes as well.2017年题组1 一般时1.［2017·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）］Fast food ____ (be) full of fat and salt...2.［2017·甲卷（全国Ⅱ）］Later, engineers ____ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube.3.［2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ) ］But at the moment, school ____ (come) first.4.［2017·浙江］Pahlsson and her husband ____(search) the kitchen, checking every corner,but turned up nothing.5.［2017·北京］People ____ (have) better access to health care than they used to, and they’re living longer as a result.6.［2017·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）改错］Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, but once I started the car, my mind goes blank.7.［2017·甲卷（全国Ⅱ）改错］When summer came, they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables!8.［2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错］About one month after this photo was taken, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.题组2 进行时1.［2017·天津］I____ (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.题组3 完成时1.［2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错］I had grown not only physically, but also mentally in the past few years.题组6 被动语态1.［2017·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）］When fat and salt ____ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.2.［2017·甲卷（全国Ⅱ）］Steam engines ____ (use) to pull the carriages...3.［2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)］Sarah ____ (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year.4.［2017·北京］In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones ____ (invent) yet.5.［2017·江苏］He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he____ (follow).6.［2017·天津］Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ____ (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.7.［2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错］About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and became a new member of the school music club.题组7 主谓一致1.［2017·江苏］The publication of Great Expectations, which ____ (be) both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.题组1 一般时2012——2016年1.［2016•乙卷（全国Ⅰ）］So it was a great honour...I ____ (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.2.［2015•新课标全国Ⅰ］It was raining lightly when I ____ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.3.［2015•江苏］The real reason why prices ____ (be), and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.4.［2015•湖南］I wasn’t able to hide my eagerness when I ____ (ask),"What do you wish me to do now?"5.［2015•湖南］That’s why I help brighten people’s days. If you____ (do), who’s to say that another person will?6.［2015•重庆］—Is Peter coming?—No, he ____ (change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute.7.［2014•新课标全国Ⅰ］In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It ____ (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.8.［2014•湖南］Whenever you ____ (buy) a present, you should think about it from the receiver’s point of view.9.［2014•重庆］You’d better write down her phone number before you____ (forget)it.10.［2014•福建］—Haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been?—I went to Ningxia and ____ (stay) there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.11. ［2013•安徽］I’m calling about the apartment you ____ (advertise) the other day. Could you tell me more about it?12.［2013•重庆］I felt very tired when I got home, and I ____ (go)straight to bed.13.［2013•陕西］On Monday mornings it usually ____ (take) me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.14.［2013•湖南］Around two o’clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat ____ (bother) us.15.［2013•山东］I didn’t think I’d like the movie, but actually it ____ (be) pretty good.16.［2012•新课标全国］"Life is like walking in the snow," Granny used to say, "because every step ____ (show)."17.［2012•天津］The three of us ____ (travel) around Europe for about a month last summer.18.［2016•乙卷（全国Ⅰ）改错］It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside.19.［2016•甲卷（全国Ⅱ）改错］The summer holiday is corning...I thought that it is a good idea.20.［2016•丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错］They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me...21.［2015•新课标全国Ⅰ改错］When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there.22.［2015•新课标全国Ⅱ改错］Tony was scared and begun to cry.23.［2015•新课标全国Ⅱ改错］A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside the shop.24.［2014•新课标全国Ⅱ改错］My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m. and ends at 3:30 p.m. ... We didn’t need to do so much homework.题组2进行时25.［2015•天津］Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she ____ (teach) a class at that time.26.［2015•湖南］He must have sensed that I ____ (look)at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, "Why are you staring at me like that?"27.［2014•重庆］James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he ____（come）until yesterday.28.［2014•北京］—Hi, let’s go skating.—Sorry, I’m busy right now. I ____ (fill) in an application form for a new job.29.［2014•四川］She ____ (phone) someone，so I nodded to her and went away．30.［2013•陕西］Jim ____ (watch) a late-night film at home when, right in the middle of a thrilling scene, the television went blank.31.［2013•湖南］—I don’t understand why you didn’t go to the lecture yesterday afternoon. —I’m so sorry. But I ____ (do) my homework.32.［2013•四川］Hurry up, kids! The school bus ____（wait）for us!33.［2013•天津］The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers ____ (repair) one of the main pipes.34.［2012•湖南］"The moment ____ (come) soon,"he thought to himself,waiting nervously.35.［2012•福建］—When did the computer crash?—This morning, while I ____ (sort) the reading materials downloaded from some websites.36.［2012•四川］—Did you catch what I said?—Sorry. I ____ (answer) a text message just now.37.［2012•陕西］—Can I call you back at two o’clock this afternoon?—I’m sorry, but by then I ____ (fly) to Beijing.How about five?38.［2012•辽宁］I feel so excited! At this time tomorrow morning I ____ (fly) to Shanghai.题组3完成时39.［2016•北京］I ____（read）half of the English novel, and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend.40.［2016•浙江］Silk ____（become）one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.41.［2015•北京］—Did you have difficulty finding Ann’s house?—Not really. She ____ (give)us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.42.［2015•北京］In the last few years, China ____ (make) great achievements in environmental protection.43.［2015•安徽］Just as I got to the school gate, I realized I ____ (leave) my book in the cafe.44.［2015•天津］Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement ____ (reach)so far by the two sides.45.［2014•山东］Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we ____（expect）.46.［2014•江苏］—How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?—Well, the media ____ (cover) it in a variety of forms.47.［2014•浙江］Sofia looked around at all the faces: she had the impression that she ____ (see) most of the guests before.48.［2013•浙江］During the last three decades,the number of people participating in physical fitness programs ____ (increase) sharply.49.［2013•辽宁］He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he ____ (have) it for a very long time.50.［2013•新课标全国Ⅰ］When I first met Bryan I didn’t like him, but I ____ (change) my mind.51.［2013•山东］—Oh no! We’re too late. The train ____ (leave).—That’s OK. We’ll catch the next train to London.52.［2013•湖南］—Have you heard about the recent election?—Sure, it____ (be) the only thing on the news for the last three days.53.［2012•浙江］—Alvin, are you coming with us?—I'd love to, but something unexpected ____ (come)up.54.［2012•江苏］The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he ____ (meet) some European business partners.55.［2012•江西］—Look! Somebody ____ (clean) the sofa.—Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.题组4完成进行时56.［2016•江苏］Dashan, who ____（learn）crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.57.［2015•福建］—Where is Peter? I can’t find him anywhere.—He went to the library after breakfast and ____ (write)his essay there ever since.58.［2015•陕西］Marty ____ (work) really hard on his book and he thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday.59.［2014•湖南］Since the time humankind started gardening, we ____（try）to make our environment more beautiful.60.［2014•江西］—Tony, why are your eyes red?—I ____（cut）up peppers for the last five minutes.61.［2013•福建］The girl has a great interest in sport and ____ (take) badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.62.［2012•安徽］In order to find the missing child, villagers ____ (do) all they can over the past five hours.63.［2011•北京］Tom ____ (work) in the library every night over the last three months.64.［2011•新课标全国］When Alice came to, she did not know how long she ____ (lie) there.65.［2014•新课标全国Ⅰ改错］Since then —for all these years —we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please.题组5将来时66.［2016•北京］The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ____（reward）with success in the end.67.［2015•北京］—Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.—All right. I ____ (call) him later.68.［2015•湖南］As you go through this book, you ____ (find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱhad a different experience.69.［2015•四川］More expressways ____ (build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.70.［2015•陕西］At college, Barack Obama didn’t know that he ____ (be) to become the first black president of the United States of America.71.［2015•浙江］Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he ____ (go) to be a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.72.［2014•北京］—What time is it?—I have no idea. But just a minute, I ____（check）it for you.73.［2013•北京］—Do you think Mom and Dad ____ (be) late?—No. Swiss Air is usually on time.74.［2013•辽宁］We are confident that the environment ____ (improve) by our further efforts to reduce pollution.75.［2012•湖南］Close the door of fear behind you,and you ____ (see) the door of faith open before you.76.［2012•湖南］Don’t worry.The hard work that you do now ____ (repay) later in life.77.［2012•北京］By the time you have finished this book, your meal ____ (get) cold.题组6被动语态78.［2016•丙卷(全国Ⅲ)］Truly elegant chopsticks might ____ (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.79.［2016•江苏］More efforts, as reported, ____（make）in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.80.［2015•北京］—Did you enjoy the party?—Yes. We ____ (treat) well by our hosts.81.［2015•福建］To my delight, I ____ (choose)from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.82.［2015•湖南］I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but ____ (hold) back thankfully by the shop window.83.［2014•天津］We won’t start the work until all the preparations ____ (make).84.［2013•北京］Shakespeare’s play Hamlet ____ (make) into at least ten different films over the past years.85.［2013•湖南］If nothing ____ (do), the oceans will turn into fish deserts.86.［2013•上海］The school board is made up of parents who ____ (elect) to make decisions about school affairs.87.［2012•安徽］After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading, only to be told that it ____ (decorate).88.［2012•北京］—Have you heard about that fire in the market?—Yes, fortunately no one ____ (hurt).89.［2016•乙卷（全国Ⅰ）改错］Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.题组7 主谓一致90.［2016•甲卷（全国Ⅱ）］If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back...Leaving the less important things until tomorrow ____ (be) often acceptable.91.［2016•丙卷(全国Ⅲ)］Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and (be) too violent for use at the table.92.［2015•湖南］It is important to remember that success ____（be）a sum of small efforts made each day and often ____ (take) years to achieve.93.［2014•新课标全国Ⅰ］...for most of us the ____ (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river...94.［2014•湖南］All we need ____ (be) a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.95.［2013•湖南］The university estimates that living expenses for international students ____(be) around ＄8,450 a year, which ____ (be) a burden for some of them.96.［2013•江苏］Generally, students' inner motivation with high expectations from others ____ (be)essential to their development.97.［2013•福建］The famous musician, as well as his students, ____ (invite) to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.98.［2012•湖南］All the scientific evidence ____ (show)that increasing use of chemicals in farming ____ (be)damaging our health.99.［2012•陕西］The basketball coach, as well as his team, ____ (be)interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.100.［2014•新课标全国Ⅱ改错］My dream school look like a big garden.专题二非谓语动词2018年题组2非谓语动词作状语1.[2018全国Ⅰ，62]You don’t have to run fast or for long (see) the benefit.2.[2018全国Ⅱ，64]Another reason for corn’s rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice (improve) water quality.3. [2018北京，6]During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together（share）a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.4.[2018北京，10]Ordinary soap, (use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.5.[2018江苏,26]Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, （exceed）the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.6.[2018全国Ⅲ改错]Everyone was silent, wait to see who would ...题组3非谓语动词作补语1.[2018全国Ⅲ，70]Once his message was delivered, he allowed me(stay) and watch.2.[2018天津，7I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph(take).题组4非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语1.[2018全国Ⅰ，63]You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of(die) early by running.2.[2018全国Ⅲ，64&65]I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel (challenge).3.[2018北京，3] （travel）along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.4.[2018天津，12]I didn’t mean （eat）anything but the ice cream looked so good thatI couldn’t help （try）it.5.[2018浙江6月，59]I still remember (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years…6.[2018全国Ⅰ改错]My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish.7.[2018全国Ⅱ改错]As a kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not let me.2017年题组1 非谓语动词作定语1.［2017·北京］Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time ____ (spend) with hisstudents.2.［2017·天津］I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ____ (catch).3.［2017·北京］The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ____ (range) from butterflies to elephants.题组2 非谓语动词作状语1.［2017·江苏］Many Chinese brands, ____ (develop) their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.2.［2017·天津］The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ____ (allow) more patients to be treated.3.［2017·浙江］...Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring ____ (cook) a meal.4.［2017·北京］Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ____ (save) their valuable time.题组3 非谓语动词作补语1.［2017·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）］They are required ____ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.题组4 非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语1.［2017·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）］Fast food (is) full of fat and salt; by ____ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.2.［2017·甲卷（全国Ⅱ）］This included digging up the road, ____ (lay) the track and then buildinga strong roof ...3.［2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)］But Sarah, (who) has taken part in shows along with top models, wants ____ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.4.［2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)］But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term ____ (rest).2012——2016年题组1非谓语动词作定语1.［2016•乙卷（全国Ⅰ）］...（when）I was the first Western TV reporter ____ (permit) to filma special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.2.［2016•四川］For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find something ____ (eat)!3.［2015•新课标全国Ⅰ］Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it (regularly) (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people ____ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.4.［2015•新课标全国Ⅱ］The adobe dwellings (土坯房)____ (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by...5.［2015•北京］The park was full of people,____ (enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.6.［2014•大纲］Today there are more airplanes ____（carry）more people than ever before in the skies.7.［2014•浙江］Amie Salmon,disabled,is attended throughout her school days by a nurse ____ (appoint) to guard her.8. ［2014•重庆］The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras ____ (return) to our shop for quality problems.9.［2013•陕西］The witnesses ____ (question) by the police just now gave very differentdescriptions of the fight.10.［2013•湖南］You cannot accept an opinion____ (offer) to you unless it is based on facts.11.［2013•天津］In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words ____ (use) in daily conversations.12.［2013•北京］V olunteering gives you a chance ____ (change) lives, including your own.13.［2013•四川］The airport ____ (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.14.［2013•辽宁］Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail ____ (wait) for her.15.［2013•新课标全国Ⅰ］They might just have a place ____ (leave) on the writing course —why don’t you give it a try?16.［2012•北京］Birds’singing is sometimes a warning to other birds ____ (stay) away.17.［2012•重庆］We’re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision ____ (make) at the meeting will influence the future of our company.题组2非谓语动词作状语18.［2016•丙卷(全国Ⅲ)］People probably cooked their food in large pots, ____ (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it.19.［2016•天津］The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, ____（make）air conditioning unnecessary.20.［2016•北京］____（make）it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand.21.［2016•北京］____(order)over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.22.［2016•北京］Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, ____ (turn) the old town into a dreamland.23.［2015•北京］____ (catch) the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.24.［2015•江苏］Much time ____ (spend) sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.25.［2015•福建］____ (learn) more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.26.［2015•福建］In recent years an English word "infosphere" has appeared,____ (combine)the sense of "information" and "atmosphere".27.［2015•湖南］When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, ____ (wonder)whether to stay or leave.28.［2015•天津］_____ (work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.29.［2015•湖南］Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students ____ (talk)over what is bothering them.30.［2015•重庆］____ (raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becominga football star.31.［2015•重庆］Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way ____ (use) the sun and the stars.32.［2014•湖南］Children, when ____（accompany）by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.33.［2014•重庆］Group activities will be organized after class ____（help）children develop team spirit.34.［2014•山东］There’s a note pinned to the door ____（say）when the shop will open again.35.［2014•陕西］____ (work) out the difficult maths problem,I have consulted Professor Russellseveral times.36.［2014•四川］—I hope to take the computer course．—Good idea．____ (find) out more about it, visit this website．37.［2013•湖南］____ (stay) warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.38.［2013•新课标全国Ⅰ］The sunlight is white and blinding, ____ (throw) hard-edged shadows on the ground.39.［2013•新课标全国Ⅱ］I got to the office earlier that day,____ (catch) the 7:30 train from Paddington.40.［2013•安徽］____ (found) in the early 20th century,the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.41.［2013•重庆］When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, ____(tell) me stories till I fell asleep.42.［2013•江苏］Lionel Messi, ____ (set) the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe.43.［2013•山东］____ (eat) at the cafeteria before, Tina didn’t want to eat there again.44.［2012•全国Ⅱ］The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy ____ (watch) anything that happened to be on.45.［2012•山东］George returned after the war,only ____ (tell) that his wife had left him.46.［2012•辽宁］This machine is very easy ____ (operate).Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.47.［2015•陕西］Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother ____ (take) good care of at home.48.［2014•四川］The manager was satisfied to see many new products ____ （develop）after great effort．49.［2013•陕西］Let those in need ____ (understand) that we will go all out to help them.50.［2013•北京］When we saw the road ____ (block) with snow,we decided to spend the holiday at home.51.［2012•四川］I looked up and noticed a snake ____ (wind) its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.52.［2012•四川］Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ____ (wash).53.［2012•江西］Having finished her project, she was invited by the school ____ (speak) to the new students.54.［2012•辽宁］The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog ____ (follow) them.题组4非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语55.［2016•乙卷（全国Ⅰ）］My ambassadorial duties will include ____ (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.56.［2015•新课标全国Ⅱ］In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their (ability) (able) to "air condition" a house without ____ (use) electric equipment.57.［2015•安徽］____ (ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.58.［2014•湖南］____（understand）your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.59.［2014•福建］For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying ____（connect）.60.［2014•山东］It’s standard practice for a company like this one ____（employ）a security officer.61.［2014•江西］When it comes to ____ (speak) in public, no one can match him.62.［2014•陕西］It’s quite hot today. Do you feel like ____ (go) for a swim?63.［2013•福建］____ (know) basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.64.［2013•浙江］____ (hear) how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.65.［2013•江苏］Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and ____ (reduce) to ruins, the city took on a new look.66.［2012•安徽］I remembered ____ (lock) the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.67.［2012•陕西］If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but ____ (meet) an even greater challenge.68.［2012•湖南］We’ve had a good start,but next,more work needs ____ (do) to achieve the final success.69.［2012•北京］One learns a language by making mistakes and ____ (correct) them.70.［2016•甲卷（全国Ⅱ）改错］We can choose between staying at home and take a trip.71.［2016•丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错］I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.72.［2015•新课标全国Ⅱ改错］After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found his parents were missing.专题三介词、介词短语和动词短语2018年题组1介词1.[2018全国I，65]While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life walking, cycling or swimming.2.［2018全国Ⅱ，65]Corn uses less water rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff.3.［2018浙江6月，65]If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home dinner, get a few cooking tips from her.4.［2018全国Ⅰ改错]At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, and he agreed.题组2介词短语1.[2018浙江11月，60]One cup of coffee the late afternoon or evening will cause them to stay awake almost all night.题组3动词短语1.[2018全国Ⅲ，67]I was searching these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing.2.[2018江苏高考，25]Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project whichcalls a clear road map and timetable.3.[2018天津高考，3]At first Robert wouldn’t let his daughter go diving, but eventually he gaveas she was so confident about her skills.2017年题组1 介词1.［2017·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）］This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) ____a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease...2.［2017·甲卷（全国Ⅱ）］It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and ____work.3.［2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)］After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree ____ engineering or architecture.4.［2017·北京］Many people who live along the coast make a living ____the fishing industry.5.［2017·天津］When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be ____trees that are over 1,000 years old.6.［2017·甲卷（全国Ⅱ）改错］They have also bought for some gardening tools.7.［2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错］When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies.题组2 介词短语1.［2017·江苏］Determining where we are ____ relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.2.［2017·天津］We offer an excellent education to our students. ____ return, we expect students to work hard.3.［2017·江苏］—What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean?—It’s nothing. Just something ____ the top of my head.4.［2017·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）改错］It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle on the road.题组3 动词短语1.［2017·江苏］Working with the medical team in Africa has brought____ the best in her as a doctor.2.［2017·天津］Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter settle____，get married, and have kids.2012年——2016年题组1介词1.［2016•甲卷（全国Ⅱ）］Most of us are more focused ____ our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.2.［2016•丙卷(全国Ⅲ)］In India, for example, most people traditionally eat ____ their hands.3.［2016•浙江］The study suggests that the cultures we grow up ____ influence the basic processes by which we see the world around us.4.［2015•江苏］Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around but ____ Thomas Edison.5.［2015•重庆］Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 ℃____。
现代汉语习题集试题与答案第五章语法一、学习提要1．语法概说语法是语言要素之一，是词、短语、句子等语言单位的结构规律。
语法这个术语有两个含义，一个指语法结构规律本身，另一个指语法学。
语法学分词法和句法两个部分。
语法体系也有两个含义：一个指语法系统，另一个指语法学体系。
语法具有抽象性、稳固性、递归性和民族性。
语法单位是指有意义的语言单位。
汉语的语法单位包括语素、词、短语、句子和句群。
语素是语言中最小的音义结合体。
包括实语素和虚语素，它们是构词语法单位。
一个词可以由一个语素构成，也可以由两个或几个语素构成。
词是最小的能够独立运用的语法单位。
一部分词可以加上句调成为句子。
短语是词和词按照一定的规则组合而成的比词大的语法单位。
大多数短语可以加上句调成为句子。
句子是具有一个句调、能够表达一个相对完整的意思的语法单位。
句子包括单句和复句。
句群是由两个以上的句子构成的语法单位。
2. 词类词类是词的语法性质的分类。
词的语法分类根据的是词的语法特征。
词的语法特征包括词的形态、组合能力、造句功能三方面表现出来的特征。
形态是指构词和构形的语法形式。
构词的语法形式包括前缀和后缀；构形的语法形式包括重叠式和粘附式。
组合能力是指某类词可以跟一些什么词发生组合关系，不能跟一些什么词发生组合关系。
造句功能是指词在句子中能不能充当句子成分，能充当什么句子成分。
汉语里词类的语法特征突出地表现在组合能力这一方面。
根据词的语法特征可以把词分为实词和虚词两大类。
实词能够单独充当句法成分，有词汇意义和语法意义。
虚词不能充当句法成分，只有语法意义。
实词包括名词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、量词、代词和拟音词。
名词包括人物名词、时间名词和方所名词。
动词包括行为动词、心理动词、历时动词、断事动词、使令动词和辅助动词。
形容词包括性状形容词和定质形容词。
副词包括一般副词、语气副词和关联副词。
数词包括基数词和序数词。
量词包括物量词和动量词。
代词包括人称代词、指示代词和疑问代词。
初三语文语法试题答案及解析1.请选出下列说法恰当的一项 ( )（3分）A．小说以刻画人物形象为中心，通过完整的故事情节和环境描写来反映社会生活。
人物、情节、环境是小说的三要素。
B．“你是我的小呀么小苹果”一句的主干成分是：“你是我的小”C．“生的伟大，死的光荣！”是一个表陈述语气的句子。
D．“风和日丽、生动形象、调查研究、理想王国”都是并列短语。
【答案】A【解析】B中主干:你是苹果；C中“生的伟大，死的光荣！”是一个表感叹语气的句子；D中“理想王国”是偏正短语。
【考点】语言表达简明、连贯、得体、准确、鲜明、生动。
2.下列各句加点的成语使用不恰当的一项是( )(3分)A．《傅雷家书》中传递的是一份动人的舐犊之情。
B．“天苍苍，野茫茫，风吹草低见牛羊”的大草原景色，使人流连忘返。
C．梁启超在《敬业与乐业》中指出：凡做一件事，就要全力以赴，心骛八极，这方能称之为“敬业”。
D．《沁园春雪》中勾画出了一幅气势磅礴的北国风光图，表达了作者的雄心壮志。
【答案】（3分）C【解析】C中“心骛八极” 意思是心思疾驰到很高的天空了。
语出成语“心无旁骛”多用来形容让你的想法不切实际，心眼过高。
这里感情色彩不合语境。
【考点】正确使用词语（包括熟语）。
3.下面一句话的主语和谓语分别是（）在汉江北岸，我遇到一个青年战士。
A．我遇到B．汉江北岸遇到C．汉江北岸我D．我青年战士【答案】A【解析】本题考查对句子成分的分析能力。
解答此类题目，可以先压缩句子，只保留其主干，再分析。
主语是谓语陈述的对象。
在汉语中，主语一般在谓语之前，表示谓语说的是“谁”或者“什么”。
一般的句子都包括主语部分和谓语部分，主语部分里的主要的词是主语。
有些语法书称主语部分为主语，称主语为主词。
谓语是对主语加以陈述，说明主语怎样或者是什么的句子成分。
一般的句子都包括主语部分和谓语部分，谓语部分里的主要的词是谓语。
经常用作谓语的是动词和形容词。
宾语是受动词支配的成分，表示动作涉及的人或事物。
古代语法考试题及答案解析一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 下列哪个词组是正确的？A. 之乎者也B. 者也之乎C. 乎者之也D. 也者乎之答案：A解析：在古代汉语中，“之乎者也”是常见的虚词组合，用于句末，表示语气的停顿或转折。
2. “吾孰与城北徐公美？”这句话中的“孰与”是什么意思？A. 与谁相比B. 与谁一起C. 与谁不同D. 与谁相似答案：A解析：“孰与”在这里是“与谁相比”的意思，整句话的意思是“我和城北的徐公相比，谁更美？”3. “子曰：‘学而时习之，不亦说乎？’”中的“说”是什么意思？A. 喜悦B. 说话C. 说服D. 说明答案：A解析：“说”在这里是“喜悦”的意思，表示学习并不断复习是令人感到高兴的事情。
4. “不以规矩，不能成方圆。
”这句话出自哪位古代思想家？A. 孔子B. 老子C. 孟子D. 韩非子答案：A解析：这句话出自《论语》，是孔子的言论，强调了遵守规则的重要性。
5. “三人行，必有我师焉。
”这句话体现了什么思想？A. 重视教育B. 重视实践C. 重视团队合作D. 重视个人修养答案：A解析：这句话出自《论语》，体现了孔子重视教育的思想，认为在任何情况下都能找到值得学习的人。
6. “天行健，君子以自强不息。
”这句话中的“天行健”是什么意思？A. 天空行走得很健康B. 天空运行得很强健C. 天空运行得很健康D. 天空行走得很强健答案：B解析：“天行健”在这里指的是天空运行得很强健，比喻君子应该不断自强。
7. “温故而知新，可以为师矣。
”这句话中的“温故”是什么意思？A. 重温过去B. 温暖过去C. 温和过去D. 温暖过去的事情答案：A解析：“温故”在这里是“重温过去”的意思，表示通过复习旧知识来获得新的理解。
8. “己所不欲，勿施于人。
”这句话体现了什么原则？A. 公平原则B. 互惠原则C. 尊重原则D. 自我原则答案：C解析：这句话体现了尊重他人的原则，即自己不希望的事情不要强加给别人。
初中语文语法知识综合习题及答案一、选择题：1、与例词词性相同的一项是：( )例：铁的纪律锦上添花A修建桥梁思想疙瘩B傀儡政权时代潮流C工程上马挑着担子D百花齐放红牡丹2、对题目《①谁②是③最④可爱⑤的⑥人》词性分析正确的一项是：( )A. ①名词②助词③形容词④动词⑤代词⑥代词B. ①名词②动词③副词④形容词⑤代词⑥名词C. ①代词②助词③介词④动词⑤助词⑥名词D. ①代词②动词③副词④形容词⑤助词⑥名词3、下列词语都属同类的一组是：()A.北国天骄衣钵隐衷B.消极敷衍痛快惊诧C.间或凄然大抵简直D.什么人们这里高处4、对“下”的词性的分析，正确的一组是：()老虎正要①下山，老猎人躲在石岩②下，抡起虎叉，突然给了老虎一③下。
A. ①动词②方位词③量词B. ①介词②方位词③量词C. ①动词②助词③量词D. ①介词②助词③量词5、下面四句话中，“跟”字的词性依次列出四种，其中正确的一项是：( )①跟着好人学好事②我跟他是同桌③我跟他学唱歌④那鞋的跟高得没法穿A.①动②介③连④名B. ①介②动③动④名C.①动②介③连④形D.①动②连③介④名6、选出与“红花绿叶”中的“绿”的词性相同的一项：( )A.春回大地群山绿B.春风又绿江南岸C.一汪绿水慰平生D.红了樱桃绿了笆蕉7、选出词性相同的一项是：( )A.听战争经验希望拒绝B.各那么鲁迅我们旅客C.更从来单单经常渐渐D.胖伟大激动承担应该8、选出下列括号中说法错误的一项：( )A 保卫祖国保持安静歌唱英雄整顿作风(动宾短语)B 风俗习惯正大光明缤纷络绎天高地厚(并列短语)C 精神文明宝贵意见多么活泼伟大成就(偏正短语)D 人民伟大成果辉煌黑了一阵宿舍旁边(主谓短语)9、选出下列括号中说法正确的一项：（）A 清醒过来推辞一番激动万分伤心不已(后补短语)B 边走边谈穷凶极恶居安思危朝夕相处(并列短语)C 内心激动增长很快态度诚恳精力充沛(主谓短语)D 久经风霜进驻营地深入研究学习技术(动宾短语)10、选出下列课文的标题在结构上全是动宾短语的一项：( )①《人类的语言》②《回忆我的母亲》③《苏州园林》④《记一辆纺车》⑤《藤野先生》⑥《回延安》⑦《纪念白求恩》⑧《怀疑与学问》⑨《鲁提辖拳打镇关西》⑩《事事关心》⑾《岳阳楼记》⑿《谁是最可爱的人》A①②⑥⑦B②④⑥⑦C②⑥⑦⑧D②⑦⑾⑿11、下列课文标题按短语结构分类，不含偏正结构的一组是：( )①《小石潭记》②《同志的信任》③《回忆我的母亲》④《人民英难永垂不朽》⑤《中国石拱桥》⑥《竞选州长》⑦《范进中举》⑧《济南的冬天》A③④⑥⑦B①③⑥⑦C①④⑥⑦⑧D②⑦⑥⑧12、下面各组短语的结构方式全是并列关系的一组是：( )A 音容笑貌舆论鼎沸变化无穷虚张声势B 晴天霹雳节衣缩食前程万里襟怀坦白C 张灯结彩十全十美轻描淡写姹紫嫣红D 五彩斑斓任劳任怨不屑置辩好意难却13、选出短语结构相同的一项：( )A 欣喜万分参天耸立B 历史悠久精神抖擞C 绞尽脑汁不折不挠D 风卷残云百年大计14、下面的课文题目都是短语，从结构上看完全相同的一项是：( )A 出师表木兰诗忆江南B 愚公移山曹刿论战望天门山C 七根火柴苏州园林驿路梨花D 从三到万想和做纪念白求恩15、构成方式与其余三项不同的一项短语是：()A 论拼搏B 回娘家C 学雷锋D 小桔灯16、选出对短语分类有错误的一组：()①天气睛朗②发挥作用③仔细翻阅④丰功伟绩⑤认真讲解⑥美好回忆⑦甜言蜜语⑧打击敌人A 主谓短语有①B并列短语有④⑥⑦C偏正短语有③⑤D动宾短语有②⑧17、下列短语结构方式相同的一组是：()A 舒活筋骨扫得干净歌咏春天磨炼意志B 高尚情操长江源头一粒种子一封家书C 性格和蔼灯火辉煌白云飘飘积累经验D 狂风暴雨光明正大仔细观察手舞足蹈18、下列短语中与“露珠晶莹”结构相同的一项是：( )A 科学技术B 坚持真理C 会议结束D高兴起来19、依次与短语“秘密通道、深入研究、庄严肃穆、腰肌扭伤”结构相同的一组：()A 战斗里程慈祥目光红得耀眼前途无量B 蔚蓝天空相差很远巍然高大红日东升C 最后一课美丽温柔比他胖点战果辉煌D 光辉业绩纷纷议论美观大方路途遥远20、下面每项中有两个短语，全部属于主谓短语的几项是：()A 性格温和会议结束B 雄伟壮丽品学兼优C 露珠晶莹我很高兴D 形式美丽参观访问21、选出短语结构相同的一组：( )A 马上出发渐渐消散一片漆黑香山红叶B 工作紧张精神抖擞风俗习惯理想崇高C 倒在地下连升三级变化无穷前程万里D 震撼人心发挥作用易受阻碍得心应手22、下列成语，与“惩前毖后”结构完全相同的一组是：( )A 谦虚谨慎寂然无声B 扬眉吐气姹紫嫣红C 生气勃勃天寒地冻D 莺歌燕舞精力充沛23、选出全是主谓短语的一组：( )A 资源丰富调查研究B 心胸宽广勇敢坚强C 品质高尚实现理想D 感情强烈精力充沛24、选出是主谓句的一项：( )A一九九0年五月一日。
语⽂语法知识练习题及答案 语法是语⽂的⼀个重要知识点。
多练习才可以发现⾃⼰哪⾥有语法错误的问题。
接下来店铺为你整理了语⽂语法知识的练习题及答案，⼀起来看看吧。
语⽂语法知识练习题 1、与例词词性相同的⼀项是：( ) 例：铁的纪律锦上添花 A修建桥梁思想疙瘩 B傀儡政权时代潮流 C⼯程上马挑着担⼦ D百花齐放红牡丹 2、对题⽬《①谁②是③最④可爱⑤的⑥⼈》词性分析正确的⼀项是： ( ) A. ①名词②助词③形容词④动词⑤代词⑥代词 B. ①名词②动词③副词④形容词⑤代词⑥名词 C. ①代词②助词③介词④动词⑤助词⑥名词 D. ①代词②动词③副词④形容词⑤助词⑥名词 3、下列词语都属同类的⼀组是：( )A.北国天骄⾐钵隐衷B.消极敷衍痛快惊诧C.间或凄然⼤抵简直D.什么⼈们这⾥⾼处 4、对“下”的词性的分析，正确的⼀组是：( ) ⽼虎正要①下⼭，⽼猎⼈躲在⽯岩②下，抡起虎叉，突然给了⽼虎⼀③下。
A. ①动词②⽅位词③量词B. ①介词②⽅位词③量词C. ①动词②助词③量词D. ①介词②助词③量词 5、下⾯四句话中，“跟”字的词性依次列出四种，其中正确的⼀项是： ( ) ①跟着好⼈学好事②我跟他是同桌③我跟他学唱歌④那鞋的跟⾼得没法穿A.①动②介③连④名B. ①介②动③动④名C.①动②介③连④形D.①动②连③介④名 6、选出与“红花绿叶”中的“绿”的词性相同的⼀项：( )A.春回⼤地群⼭绿B.春风⼜绿江南岸C.⼀汪绿⽔慰平⽣D.红了樱桃绿了笆蕉 7、选出词性相同的⼀项是：( )A.听战争经验希望拒绝B.各那么鲁迅我们旅客C.更从来单单经常渐渐D.胖伟⼤激动承担应该 8、选出下列括号中说法错误的⼀项： ( ) A 保卫祖国保持安静歌唱英雄整顿作风(动宾短语) B 风俗习惯正⼤光明缤纷络绎天⾼地厚(并列短语) C 精神⽂明宝贵意见多么活泼伟⼤成就(偏正短语) D ⼈民伟⼤成果辉煌⿊了⼀阵宿舍旁边(主谓短语) 9、选出下列括号中说法正确的⼀项：( ) A 清醒过来推辞⼀番激动万分伤⼼不已(后补短语) B 边⾛边谈穷凶极恶居安思危朝⼣相处(并列短语) C 内⼼激动增长很快态度诚恳精⼒充沛(主谓短语) D 久经风霜进驻营地深⼊研究学习技术(动宾短语) 10、选出下列课⽂的标题在结构上全是动宾短语的⼀项： ( ) ①《⼈类的语⾔》②《回忆我的母亲》③《苏州园林》④《记⼀辆纺车》⑤《藤野先⽣》⑥《回延安》⑦《纪念⽩求恩》⑧《怀疑与学问》⑨《鲁提辖拳打镇关西》⑩《事事关⼼》⑾《岳阳楼记》⑿《谁是最可爱的⼈》 A①②⑥⑦ B②④⑥⑦ C②⑥⑦⑧ D②⑦⑾⑿ 11、下列课⽂标题按短语结构分类，不含偏正结构的⼀组是：( ) ①《⼩⽯潭记》②《同志的信任》③《回忆我的母亲》④《⼈民英难永垂不朽》⑤《中国⽯拱桥》⑥《竞选州长》⑦《范进中举》⑧《济南的冬天》 A③④⑥⑦ B①③⑥⑦ C①④⑥⑦⑧ D②⑦⑥⑧ 12、下⾯各组短语的结构⽅式全是并列关系的⼀组是： ( ) A ⾳容笑貌舆论⿍沸变化⽆穷虚张声势 B 晴天霹雳节⾐缩⾷前程万⾥襟怀坦⽩ C 张灯结彩⼗全⼗美轻描淡写姹紫嫣红 D 五彩斑斓任劳任怨不屑置辩好意难却 13、选出短语结构相同的⼀项： ( )A 欣喜万分参天耸⽴B 历史悠久精神抖擞C 绞尽脑汁不折不挠D 风卷残云百年⼤计 14、下⾯的课⽂题⽬都是短语，从结构上看完全相同的⼀项是： ( )A 出师表⽊兰诗忆江南B 愚公移⼭曹刿论战望天门⼭C 七根⽕柴苏州园林驿路梨花D 从三到万想和做纪念⽩求恩 15、构成⽅式与其余三项不同的⼀项短语是： ( )A 论拼搏B 回娘家C 学雷锋D ⼩桔灯 16、选出对短语分类有错误的⼀组： ( ) ①天⽓睛朗②发挥作⽤③仔细翻阅④丰功伟绩 ⑤认真讲解⑥美好回忆⑦甜⾔蜜语⑧打击敌⼈ A 主谓短语有① B并列短语有④⑥⑦ C偏正短语有③⑤ D动宾短语有②⑧ 17、下列短语结构⽅式相同的⼀组是： ( ) A 舒活筋⾻扫得⼲净歌咏春天磨炼意志 B ⾼尚情操长江源头⼀粒种⼦⼀封家书 C 性格和蔼灯⽕辉煌⽩云飘飘积累经验 D 狂风暴⾬光明正⼤仔细观察⼿舞⾜蹈 18、下列短语中与“露珠晶莹”结构相同的⼀项是： ( )A 科学技术B 坚持真理C 会议结束 D⾼兴起来 19、依次与短语“秘密通道、深⼊研究、庄严肃穆、腰肌扭伤”结构相同的⼀组： ( ) A 战⽃⾥程慈祥⽬光红得耀眼前途⽆量 B 蔚蓝天空相差很远巍然⾼⼤红⽇东升 C 最后⼀课美丽温柔⽐他胖点战果辉煌 D 光辉业绩纷纷议论美观⼤⽅路途遥远 20、下⾯每项中有两个短语，全部属于主谓短语的⼏项是： ( )A 性格温和会议结束B 雄伟壮丽品学兼优C 露珠晶莹我很⾼兴D 形式美丽参观访问 21、选出短语结构相同的⼀组： ( ) A 马上出发渐渐消散⼀⽚漆⿊⾹⼭红叶 B ⼯作紧张精神抖擞风俗习惯理想崇⾼ C 倒在地下连升三级变化⽆穷前程万⾥ D 震撼⼈⼼发挥作⽤易受阻碍得⼼应⼿ 22、下列成语，与“惩前毖后”结构完全相同的⼀组是： ( )A 谦虚谨慎寂然⽆声B 扬眉吐⽓姹紫嫣红C ⽣⽓勃勃天寒地冻D 莺歌燕舞精⼒充沛 23、选出全是主谓短语的⼀组： ( )A 资源丰富调查研究B ⼼胸宽⼴勇敢坚强C 品质⾼尚实现理想D 感情强烈精⼒充沛 24、选出是主谓句的⼀项： ( ) A⼀九九0年五⽉⼀⽇。
古代汉语试题库-语法部分参考答案[练习一]一、(1)官：名作动。
授官。
(2)后：方位名词作动。
(3)广、轻：形容词作动，扩大，轻视(4)千、万：数作动，多出千万倍。
(5)逃：不及物动词作使动。
(6)疑：及物动词作使动(7)危、黔、赭：形作使动。
(8)东：方位名词作使动。
(9)夷、中国：名作意动。
(10)利：形作意动。
（11）友、臣：名作意动，宾省。
(12)貌：名词意动用法。
人以颜状为貌，则貌有衰落；唯以荣名为表饰，则称誉无极也。
既：尽。
见《史记》P3189．二、(1)股肱：两个名词连用，前者活用，后者作其宾浯(2)深穴：名词后带介词结构补语。
(3)职：放在“所”字后面。
(4)善、罪：用在代词“我”之前。
三、(1)腹、心：表行为方式，名作状。
(2)众人、国土：表示对待人的态度，名作状。
(3)日：时间名作状，表示“每日”。
(4)倚柱、箕踞：动词性词组作状语，表行为方式(5)走：动作状，表行为方式。
四、(1)大：重大的意义，形作名。
(2)固：险要的地势；沃：肥沃的土地，形作名。
(3)搜捕之风，动作名。
(4)奔：奔驰之马，动作名。
[练习二]一、(1)孰：带选择性，哪一个。
(2)或：肯定性无定代词，有的。
(3)何：疑问代词柞前置宾语，什么。
(4)何：疑问代词作状语，为什么。
(5)恶：疑问代词用在介词“乎”前面，哪里。
(6)之：指示代词，这样。
(7)前“之”，指赵盾，相当于“您”；后“之”指士季，相当于“我”。
二、(1)前两“者”，用在动词词组后面；后“者”用在数词后面，都是特别指示代词。
(2)“者”用在时间词后面，为语气词。
(3)代词“者”与“若”组合，译为“象……似的(样子)”(4)语气词“者”用在因果复句的前一分句末，起提示作用。
(5)行为主动者“臣”+所+介词“以”+名词性词组，“报职分”。
(6)“所”在动词“救”=所以救。
(7)“所视者”=所视，“所闻见者”(8)“所”+介词“以”相当于“导致(9)所字词组作动词“无”的宾语。
