上海市崇明县2014届高三第二学期4月模拟考试语文试题

上海市崇明县2014届高三4月高考模拟英语（考试时间120分钟，满分150分。

请将答案填写在答题纸上）第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In the library. B. In the teaching building.C. Under a big tree.D. Between the teachers’ offices.2. A. On Thursday night. B. On Monday afternoon.C. On Friday morning.D. On Wednesday afternoon.3. A. Lost her time. B. Made up a story about time.C. W orked an extra shift.D. Changed her working conditions.4. A. She may fail the exam. B. She shouldn’t have worried.C. S he should work harder.D. She needn’t take any more courses.5. A. He has already seen the exhibit. B. He already knew the exhibit was closed.C. He is pleased the exhibit is closed.D. He is disappointed the exhibit is closed.6. A. Stand where he was. B. Stand beside the woman.C. Stand at the end of the queue.D. Stand in front of the woman.7. A. Colleagues. B. Doctor and patient.C. Neighbours.D. Shop assistant and customer.8. A. He enjoyed reading the novel.B. He hasn’t started reading the novel yet.C. He doubts the woman will like the novel.D. He’ll lend the woman the novel after he has read it.9. A. A college campus. B. An art museum.C. An architectural exhibition.D. A beautiful park.10. A. The man regrets being absent-minded. B. The woman saved the man some trouble.C. The man placed the reading list on a desk.D. The woman emptied the waste paper basket.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.1 / 10Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following speech.11. A. Future researchers. B. College students.C. Company employees.D. Successful artists.12. A. To teach the listeners how to work hard.B. To enable the listeners to get better jobs.C. To prepare the listeners for their future life.D. To encourage the listeners to seize opportunities.13. A. Kindness. B. Diligence. C. Willingness. D. Interest.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The advantages of studying abroad.B. The high expenses of overseas education.C. The standards of choosing schools abroad.D. The ways of saving money for international students.15. A. Hong Kong. B. Australia. C. The United States. D. The United Kingdom.16. A. US$24,248. B. US$35,000. C. US$22,000. D. US$30,000.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.2 / 10II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Senator Jeff Flake, an adventurous politician, went on a four-day Robinson Crusoe style holiday with his two sons, (25)_____ of whom are teenagers, to a remote, uninhabited island in the North Pacific Ocean. They traveled 5,200 miles from Phoenix, Arizona to the island of Biggarenn. They didn’t carry any food or water.The island is part of the Marshall Islands. It offered no basic facilities, (26)_____ the Flakes had to catch and cook their own food and purify their water. Their diet (27)_____(make) up of coconuts (椰子), fish and other seafood. They captured the fish and other sea creatures themselves and cooked the food over an open fire (28)_____(start) with a magnifying glass (放大镜).The Flakes brought along a lobster (龙虾) trap in hopes of having some delicious treats, but it was lost within the first few hours after (29)_____(attack) by a shark. They also carried two pumps to remove salt from ocean water. It took them hours each night (30)_____ (pump) for just a small amount of fresh water.One of the most memorable moments of the trip, the father said, was (31)_____ he and his 15-year-old son were chased by sharks after catching a fish in the ocean.Still, it was quite (32)_____ enjoyable holiday for the politician. “For a dad it was a wonderful thing. No video games around, no television, no texting,” Flake r ecalled.(B)Count to three and rip (撕) it off as fast as you can—this is how most people remove a band-aid (创可贴). (33)_____ _____ _____ fast you do it, it’s still going to be painful. That’s for sure. Or is it?A group of American scientists from Boston have just developed a band-aid that can be taken off without causing pain, reports the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Traditional band-aids are supposed to break apart (34)_____ the skin meets the glue, which is what makes taking them off so painful. But the new band-aid has an extra layer that sits (35)_____ the glue and the backing. When you tear off the band-aid, you remove the backing and middle layers, (36)_____(leave) the glue behind. The glue (37)_____ then be simply rubbed off with one’s fingers or left to fall off naturally. Importantly, this process is pain-free.This is not the first time scientists (38)_____(try) to solve this problem. But methods they tried in the past led to band-aids that were (39)_____(sticky) and th erefore didn’t stay on for long.The Boston study was first aimed at helping babies (40)_____ skin is too delicate for standard band-aids. But adults with sensitive skin might also enjoy the benefits.3 / 10Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beA new report by the World Health Organization (WHO) reveals that around one in a hundred deaths worldwide is due to passive smoking, which kills an estimated 600,000 people a year.In the first study to assess the global __41__ of second-hand smoke, WHO experts find that children are more __42__ exposed to second-hand smoke than any other age-group, and around 165,000 of them a year die because of it.Children’s exposure to second-hand smoke is most likely to happen at home, and the double blow of infectious diseases and tobacco seems to be a deadly __43__ for children in these regions. Commenting on the findings, Heather Wipfli and Jonathan Samet from the University of Southern California, said policymakers try to __44__ families to stop smoking in the home.While deaths due to passive smoking in children were skewed (曲解) toward poor and middle-income countries, deaths in adults were __45__ across countries at all income levels.In Europe’s high-income countries, only 71 child deaths occurred, while 35,388 deaths were in adults. Yet in the countries like Africa, an estimated 43,375 deaths due to passive smoking were in children __46__ with 9,514 in adults.Only 7.4 percent of the world population currently lives in places with __47__ smoke-free laws, and those laws are not always __48__ enforced (施行). In places where smoke-free rules are __49__, research shows that exposure to second-hand smoke in high-risk places like bars and restaurants can be cut by 90 percent, and in general by 60 percent, the researchers said.Studies also show such laws help to reduce the number of cigarettes smoked by smokers and lead to higher __50__ rates in those trying to quit.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Due to rising pollution and a strengthening yuan, Beijing saw its tourist numbers drop to 4.20 million visits from January to November in 2013 from 5.01 million visits in 2012.The number of overseas travelers to Beijing grew after the city hosted the 2008 Olympics until 2012, when it saw a 3.8% __51__, followed by the further drop last year. The unexpected drop in 2013 came __52__ new policies introduced in a(n) __53__ to support China’s tourism industry. But only 14,000 tourists __54__ the visa-free stopover, according to the Beijing General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection, well short of the 20,000 target officials had __55__ predicted.Jiang Yiyi, deputy director of the Institute of International Tourism at the China Tourism Academy, __56__ part of the drop-off in foreign tourists to the strengthening yuan.4 / 10In 2013, the yuan increased almost 3% a gainst the U.S. dollar, making “Beijing a more expensive __57__ than in the pa st”, Jiang Yiyi noted. “At the same time,” she said, “other countries have seen their tourist numbers grow as the currencies (货币) __58__. While RMB is on the rise, currencies from some of China’s __59__ for tourism, such as Japan, are depreciating (贬值), meaning travel to some other Asian countries has been getting cheaper while travel to China is becoming more expensive,”Jiang Yiyi said. In 2013, the Japanese yen fell 21% against the U.S. dollar, __60__ 10 million overseas tourists.The Beijing Tourism Development Commission noted that the country’s battle with pollution is another __61__ cities face in attracting overseas tourists.Heavy air pollution from Beijing to Shanghai, where pollution levels went off the charts in December, __62__ don’t do much to help attract tourists. China’s tourism officials are expecting to __63__ the trend of declining overseas visitors in 2014 —possible, experts say, if it __64__ its outdated tour packages and lowers ticket prices.Jiang Yiyi at the China Tourism Academy suggests China adopt a long-term national plan to __65__ the country’s image and investment in overseas tourism to attract more visitors.51. A. growth B. decline C. change D. influence52. A. in addition to B. by means of C. as a result of D. in spite of53. A. attempt B. agreement C. hurry D. mood54. A. got familiar with B. came up with C. took advantage of D. put emphasis on55. A. fortunately B. frequently C. previously D. occasionally56. A. devoted B. owed C. attached D. exposed57. A. destination B. tourism C. authority D. association58. A. reform B. collapse C. stabilize D. weaken59. A. competitors B. supporters C. investors D. reminders60. A. inspiring B. attracting C. disappointing D. embarrassing61. A. opportunity B. situation C. obstacle D. alternative62. A. relevantly B. approximately C. dramatically D. certainly63. A. set B. reverse C. confirm D. follow64. A. revises B. sells C. excludes D. demonstrates65. A. create B. keep C. damage D. improveSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）On “Super Bowl Sunday”, millions of Americans are glued to their TVs. They are eating pizza, chicken wings and chips and cheering every move. They’re watching the Super Bowl.Why are Americans so crazy about American football? Well, it is more exciting than other sports.5 / 10One team can lose possession of the ball in a minute, which may allow their opponents to make a touchdown (触地得分). Then that team may win the game unexpectedly.The Super Bowl also entertains its audience with a great halftime show. The football field is turned into a stage. Then an impressive performance of dancing and singing with special effects occurs.Since the Super Bowl is the most-watched TV program in America, commercial airtime is also very expensive. Big money is also spent on commercials. They draw the viewers’attention and advertise their image or products during the commercial break.After football season, the “March Madness”begins. The NCAA (National Collegiate Athletic Association) competitions begin with 68 men’s college basketball teams. They play until the field is reduced to the “Final Four”. The winning team becomes the national champion. The NBA (National Basketball Association) All-Star game is also held in February. The best players from all the teams play in this game.Baseball is no doubt American’s national sport. From grandpas to young kids, whole families go to ball games together. They wear their favorite team’s caps or even carry their mascot (吉祥物). Our family went to watch Wang Chien-Ming play in D.C. once. We ate hot dogs, waved flags and sang during the 7th inning (棒球的一局) stretch.If you are not a sports fan yet, come and pick a sport or a team. Go to a ball game with your family, and cheer your team on. Sports are definitely a part of American culture one should not miss.66. According to the passage, the Super Bowl is _____.A. a well-received American football gameB. an expensive American sportC. an impressive TV performanceD. a most-watched TV series67. Which of the following may be one of the reasons for the popularity of the Super Bowl?A. Its results are too exciting to meet viewers’ expectations.B. People can eat pizza, chicken wings and chips when watching it.C. Its commercials are expensive enough to draw viewer s’ attention.D. The performances during its halftime show are appealing to viewers.68. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Americans spend a large amount of money on ball games.B. American people of all ages like going to watch baseball games.C. All the American stars take part in the national basketball game.D. There are important national ball games in America almost every month.69. The passage is mainly written to _____.A. inform readers of the three popular sports in AmericaB. teach readers how to understand the sports culture in AmericaC. encourage readers to fit in with American culture through sportsD. show readers the importance of sports in young people’s life in America6 / 10（B）7 / 1070. Which of the following steps can be omitted if you want the robot to charge itself automatically?A. Press the HOME button on the remote control.B. Clear up the place around the charging home base.C. Turn on the power switch at the bottom of the robot.D. Put the charging home base against the wall and plug it in.71. If it’s 9:45PM now and you want the robot to start cleaning at 8:00AM tomorrow, you should set_____ on the robot.A. 13:45B. 10:15C. 8:00D. 1:4572. If you want the robot to start cleaning right now, you can _____.A. keep pressing the CLEAN button on the main body for 3 secondsB. press either of PLAN, SPOT, CLEAN and HOME buttons on the main bodyC. turn on the power switch and press the CLEAN button on the remote control onceD. press the CLEAN button on the main body once when the robot is in the sleeping mode73. The virtual wall is designed to _____.A. limit the robot to a certain areaB. prevent the robot from bumping into wallsC. stop the robot from reaching 4 metersD. create a bunch of light outside the doorway（C）We have entered a new age of embedded (嵌入式的), intuitive (直觉的) computing in which our homes, cars, stores, farms, and factories have the ability to think, sense, understand, and respond to our needs. It’s not science fiction, but the dawn of a new age.Most people might not realize it yet, but we are alr eady feeling the impact of what’s known as the third wave of computing. In small but significant ways it is helping us live healthier and more secure lives. If you drive a 2014 Mercedes Benz, for example, an “intelligent” system tries to keep you from hitting a pedestrian. A farmer in Nigeria relies on weather sensors that communicate with his mobile device. Forgot your medicine? A new pill bottle from AdhereTech reminds you through text or automatic phone messages that it’s time to take a pill.Technology is being integrated (融入) into our natural behaviors, with real-time data connecting our physical and digital worlds. With this dramatic shift in our relationship to technology, companies can adapt their products and services.To understand how revolutionary the third wave is, we ought to consider how far we have come. The first wave began when companies started to manage their operations through mainframe computer systems over 50 years ago. Then computing got “personal” in the 1980s and the 1990s with the introduction of the PC (personal computer). For the most part, computing remained immobile and lacked contextual awareness.In computing’s second wave, mobile computing and the smartphone took center stage. Billions of people, some of whom might not have had access to clean water, electricity, or even housing, were connected. Developers created applications and provided consumers with access to just about everything through their phone at the cost of a monthly data plan.As the third wave keeps developing, designers must meet the demands of consumers who want to experiment with new technology.8 / 10Historically, designers have focused their attention on a product’s form and function. While that still matters, of course, the definition of a meaningful user experience has expanded significantly and will continue to do so. Instead of creating a single product, designers will need to imagine a series of connected products and services that have awareness of each other and their surroundings.74. Why are three examples given in Paragraph 2?A. To tell us that human beings are smarter and smarter.B. To illustrate the importance and necessity of technology.C. To prove that we are living healthier and more secure lives.D. To show the impact of the third wave of computing on our life.75. In the first wave of computing _____.A. companies’ operations were reliable on computer systemsB. computing had awareness of people’s needs in the contextC. people could have access to computing almost everywhereD. it was possible for people to experience computing at home76. Which of the following is a situation in the third wave of computing?A. There’s no need to create a single product.B. The definition of the user experience is more significant.C. Products and services are not independent of each other.D. The products’ form and functions are no longer important.77. What can we conclude from the passage about the new age we are facing?A. There’s a shift of attention from people’s physical worlds to their digital worlds.B. There’s closer relationship between technology and people’s natural behaviours.C. People live more happily with the convenience brought by advanced technology.D. People become lazier with the products that can think and respond to their needs.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.How many hours do you spend sitting in a chair every day? Eight hours in the office plus three hours in front of the TV after work is the usual situation for many people.You probably don’t need an expert to tell you that sitting too much is not good for your health —from an increased risk of heart disease and obesity (肥胖) in the long term, to reduced cholesterol (胆固醇) maintenance in the short term, not to mention the pressure on your neck and spine (脊柱).To make matters worse, a growing body of research suggests that the negative effects of sitting too much cannot be countered with a good diet and regular exercise, according to an article in The New York Times. The article reported that a study of nearly 9, 000 Australians found that for each additional hour of television a person watched per day, the risk of dying rose by 11 percent. In other words, sitting is killing us.Stand up for health. Health experts suggest we break up those many hours spent sitting with more hours spent standing.9 / 10The BBC and the University of Chester in the UK conducted a simple experiment with a small group of 10 volunteers who usually spent most of the day sitting. They were asked to stand for at least three hours a day. The researchers took measurements on days when the volunteers stood, and when they sat around. When they looked at the data, there were some striking differences. Blood sugar became level after a meal much quicker on the days when the volunteers in the study stood compared with the days they spent in a chair. Standing also burned more calories (热量单位：卡路里)—about 50 calories an hour. Over the course of a year that would add up to about 30, 000 extra calories, or around 3.63 kilograms of fat.John Buckley, a member of the research team, said that although doing exercise offers many proven benefits, our bodies also need the constant, almost imperceptible (感觉不到的) increase in muscle activity that standing provides. Simple movement helps us to keep our all-important blood sugar under control.The researchers believe that even small adjustments, like standing while talking on the phone, going over to talk to a colleague rather than sending an e-mail, or simply taking the stairs instead of the elevator, will help.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. According to the context, the underlined expression “be countered with” in Paragraph 3 can bestbe replaced by “________”.79. The two findings of the simple experiment conducted by the BBC and the University of Chester inthe UK are that standing _________.80. Why is standing better than doing exercise according to John Buckley?81. What does the passage mainly want to tell us?第II卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 你认为有必要采取措施保护上海方言吗？(it)2. 提前做出周密计划可以帮你更有效地完成这项艰巨任务。

上海市崇明县高三语文模考试卷考生注意：1．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包含试题与答题要求，全部答案一定写在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

2．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不可以错位。

3．考试时间150 分钟。

试卷满分150 分。

一80 分（一）阅读下文，达成第1-6 题。

（ 17 分）电影责备戴锦华①电影研究、电影责备能够成为一门艺术，同时也是一个学科。

早在半世纪从前，作为电影研究重要分支的电影责备，已开始离开对电影工业的附庸，成为一种独立的写作和表意的实践。

②一个风趣的事实是，只管电影艺术已历经百年，却仍有很多人不相信“看电影” 是一．．．．．．．种后天习得的能力，相反，人们认定观影能力是人类与生俱来的本事。

这第一因为电影，尤其是主流商业电影的影像构成的基本特色，是隐蔽起摄像机，隐蔽起电影的叙事行为，使之充足“透明化” ：犹如透过一扇窗看见了窗外的景色。

在银幕世界眼前，电影视听语言的编码，难于为观众直观地发现、辨别，于是，人人都能够看懂电影。

更加风趣的是，假如说，人们认定银幕上的故事仿佛现实生活的场景般“自动”地体现，讨论、谈论电影便仿佛谈论社会生活中的风趣事件同样带着主观性和任意性。

但值得关注的是，人们在讨论电影时却常常使用着相当“专业化”的术语。

这类情况仿佛只属于电影，而绝少出此刻音乐、绘画、雕塑等古老的艺术之上。

③这无疑说明，电影这门年青的、独一一门人类了解其出诞辰的艺术，从一开始便作为大众艺术而出现。

透明性、平常性与娱乐性无疑是初期电影和绝大部分商业电影追求或试图保持的特色。

并且，作为一个以后者，电影确实不停地从其余古老的艺术门类，诸如戏剧、音乐、美术、建筑，特别是小说的叙事艺术中挪用其艺术手段。

所以，人们仿佛也能够无障碍地借助得自其余艺术的知识或知识，对电影作出“威望”的谈论。

④其中，人们对于电影的茶余饭后的“专业化”谈论，常常集中在电电影中的故事、情境、演员的表演能否“真切”的谈论之上，忧如“真切”是一个永久存在、不言自明的参照系统。

2014年普通高中毕业班高考模拟语文试卷（含答案）一、古代诗文阅读（27 分）（一）默写常见的名句名篇。

（6分）1.补写出下列名句名篇中的空缺部分。

（6分）(l）虽休解吾犹未变兮，？（屈原《离骚》）(2），桃李罗堂前。

（陶渊明《归园田居》）(3）闾阎扑地，。

（王勃《膝王阁序》）（4），此时无声胜有声。

（白居易《琵琶行》）(5）辛苦遭起一经，。

（文天样《过零丁洋》) (6) ，不知口体之奉不若人也。

（宋濂《送东阳马生序》) （二）文言文阅读（15 分）阅读下面的文言文，完成2--5题。

饮泉亭记【明】刘基昔司马氏①有廉臣焉，曰吴君隐之，出刺广州，过贪泉而饮之，赋诗曰：“古人云此水，一歃杯千金。

试使夷、齐饮，终当不易心。

”其后隐之，卒以廉终其身，而后世之称廉者，亦必曰“吴刺史”焉。

有元宪副吴君为广西时，名其亭曰“饮泉”，慕刺史也，而宪副之廉，卒与刺史相先后。

至正十四年，宪副之孙以时，以故征士②京兆杜君伯原所书“饮泉亭”三字，征予言。

予旧见昔人论刺史饮泉事，或病其为矫心，甚不以为然。

夫君子以身立教，有可以植正道，遏邪说，正人心，扬公论，皆当见而为之，又何可病而讥之哉？人命之修短系乎天，不可以力争也，而行事之否臧由乎己，人心之贪与廉，自我作之，岂外物所能易哉？向使有泉焉，曰饮之者死，我乃奋其不畏之气，冒而饮之，死非我能夺也，而容有死之理而强饮焉，是矫也，是无益而沽名也，则君子病而不为之矣。

大丈夫之心，仁以充之，礼以立之，驱之以刀剑而不为不义屈，临之以汤火而不为不义动，夫岂一勺之水所能幻．移哉？人之好利与好名，皆蛊于物者也，有一焉，则其守不固，而物得以移之矣。

若刺史，吾知其决非矫以沽名者也，惟其知道，明而自信，笃也，故饮之以示人，使人知贪廉之由乎内，而不假．乎外，使外好名而内贪浊者，不得以藉口而分其罪。

夫是之谓植正道，遏邪说，正人心，扬公论，真足以启愚而立懦，其功不在伯夷、叔齐下矣。

番禺在岭峤外，去天子最远，故吏于其地者，得以逞其贪，贪相承习为故．，民无所归咎，而以泉当之，怨而激者之云也。

高2014届高考语文模拟试题（一）1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）。

共8页。

全卷满分150分，考试时间150分钟。

2．答第Ⅰ卷时，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；答第Ⅱ卷时，用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔在答题卡规定的区域内作答，字体工整，笔迹清楚；不能答在试题卷上。

3．考试结束，监考员将答题卡收回。

第Ⅰ卷（单选题，共27分）一、（12分，每小题3分）1、下列加点字的读音全都正确的一组是( )A．跻．(jī)身敷．(fū)衍媲．(pì)美饿殍．(piǎo)遍野B．娉．(pīng)婷寒碜．(chen) 谙．(ān)熟提纲挈．(xié)领C．震慑．(shè) 服膺．(yīng) 鞭挞．(tà) 踽踽．．(yǔ)独行D．炫．(xuàn)耀逮．(děi)捕缜．(zhěn)密栉．(zhì)风沐雨【答案】A【解析】B “挈”应读qiè ；C.“踽”应读jǔ；D.“逮”应读dài。

考点：识记现代汉语常用字的读音。

能力层级为识记A。

2、下列词语书写全都正确的一项是（）A. 美滋滋常年累月大展鸿图不温不火B. 拉拉队融会贯通到处传诵牙牙学语C. 照像机委曲求全要言不烦纷至踏来D. 金钢钻世外桃源以逸待劳出奇致胜【答案】B【解析】A项“常年累月”应为“长年累月”；C项“照像机”应为“照相机”，“纷至踏来”应为“纷至沓来”；D项“金钢钻”应为“金刚钻”。

考点：识记并正确书写现代常用规范字。

能力层级为识记A。

3、下列各句中加点的成语使用不恰当的一句是( )A．领导的作风急需改变，因为他们对取得的成绩宣传不遗余力，对存在的缺点却讳莫如深．．．．，不愿意深入检查反思。

B．想象是一双美丽的翅膀：音乐无形，却能使人荡气回肠；话语无色，却能给人姹紫嫣红．．．．的风光。

C．社会进步了，生活水平提高了，我们不用过箪食瓢饮．．．．的日子，但那种一掷千金的“豪爽”也是我们应该唾弃的。

2014年浦东新区高三语文二模卷考生注意：1、本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

2、答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号或姓名并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。

3、答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

4、考试时间150分钟，试卷满分150分。

一阅读 80分（一）阅读下文，完成第1-6题（17分）（1）传统中国画的一个特点是文化性。

南宋美术史家邓椿有云：“画者，文之极也。

”国画讲究历史文化的积淀，既有与时俱进、笔墨当随时代的一面，又有丰厚积累的一面。

鉴赏齐白石的几幅“趣作”，便可从中了解中国画蕴含的这种独特的艺术之美。

（2）齐白石有三绝——画虾、画蟹、画鸡，他画其他的画，也画得很好。

《自称》是一幅非常有趣的画，在这幅画里可以看到画家在观察大自然时，没有把物理当成画理、把自然规律当成艺术规律。

“奥理冥造”是宋代沈括的说法。

沈括既是文人学者，又是自然科学家，他非常懂画，“奥理冥造”是他对中国画家想象的一种概括。

在这幅画中，齐白石画的小老鼠，跳到秤钩上去了，想要掂掂自己的分量，旁边写着“自称”。

老鼠不可能跳到秤上称自己的重量，这是齐白石的一种想象，很有创意，而且创意里带着幽默和讽刺，好像在说你这个小耗子，你偷油吃、偷粮食吃，别以为自己了不起，你上秤看看自己有多大分量？非常有趣。

（3）画既有好坏高下，也有真假之分。

我在台湾就看到过这幅画的赝品图版，但真假还是有明显区别的。

中国画讲笔墨，笔墨有两种功能，第一要造型，塑造形象。

齐白石画老鼠，肌肉是紧的，外边的皮也是紧的，尾巴是有弹力的。

而在这幅假画里，老鼠仿佛就剩皮了，没有骨头，这个尾巴，笔不从心，仿佛快要断开一样。

笔墨的另一种功能是用于审美的，要善于操纵中锋的线。

秤砣有重量，拴秤砣的绳必然抻得很直，齐白石画秤砣的线就抻得很直，秤杆也能一笔画下来。

上海市崇明县2014届高三第二学期4月模拟考试数学文试题考生注意：1.每位考生应同时领到试卷与答题纸两份材料，所有解答必须写在答题纸上规定位置，写在试卷上或答题纸上非规定位置一律无效；2.答卷前，考生务必将姓名、准考证号码等相关信息在答题纸上填写清楚；3.本试卷共23道试题，满分150分，考试时间120分钟.一、填空题（本大题共14小题，满分56分）考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果，每个空格填对得4分，否则一律得零分. 1.经过点(1,0)A 且法向量为(2,1)n =-的直线l 的方程是 . 2.已知集合1|1,A x x x ⎧⎫=<∈⎨⎬⎩⎭R ，集合B 是函数lg (1)y x =+ 的定义域，则A B = .3.方程22124x y m +=+表示焦点在y 轴上的双曲线，则实数m 取值范围是 .4.已知数列{}n a 是首项为1，公差为2的等差数列，()n S n ∈*N 表示数列{}n a 的前n 项和， 则2lim 1nn S n →∞=- .5.在521()x x+的展开式中，含2x 项的系数等于 .(结果用数值作答) 6.方程sin cos 1x x +=-的解集是 . 7.实系数一元二次方程20x ax b ++=的一根为13i1ix +=+(其中i 为虚数单位)，则 a b += .8.已知函数()21x f x =+的反函数为1()y f x -=，则1()0f x -<的解集是 .9.某高中共有学生1000名，其中高一年级共有学生380人，高二年级男生有180人.如果在全校学生中抽取1名学生，抽到高二年级女生的概率为0.19，现采用分层抽样(按年级分层)在全校抽取100人，则应在高三年级中抽取的人数等于 .10.已知圆柱M 的底面圆的半径与球O 的半径相同，若圆柱M 的高与球O 直径相等，则它们的体积之比:V V =圆柱球 (结果用数值作答).11.ABC △中，3,sin 2sin a b C A == ，则cos C = . 12.如果函数(]()210,1()311,ax x f x ax x ⎧-∈⎪=⎨-∈+∞⎪⎩，2()log g x x =，关于x 的不等式()()0f x g x ⋅≥ 对于任意(0,)x ∈+∞ 恒成立，则实数a 的取值范围是 . 13.设P 为不等式组013x y x y x y ⎧⎪⎪⎨--⎪⎪+⎩≥0≥≥≤表示的区域内的任意一点，(1,1)m = ，(2,1)n = ， 若O 为坐标原点，OP m n λμ=+，则2λμ+的最大值等于 .14.已知二次函数2()()f x x ax a x =-+∈R同时满足：①不等式()0f x ≤的解集有且只有一个 元素；②在定义域内存在120x x <<，使得不等式12()()f x f x >成立.设数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，且()n S f n =.规定：各项均不为零的数列{}n b 中，所有满足10i i b b +⋅<的正整数i 的个数称为这个数列{}n b 的变号数.若令1n nab a =-(n ∈*N )，则数列{}n b 的变号数等 于 .二、选择题（本大题共4小题，满分20分）每题有且只有一个正确答案，考生应在答题纸的相应编号上，将代表答案的小方格涂黑，选对得5分，否则一律得零分. 15.给出下列命题，其中正确的命题是…………………………………………………( ) A.若z ∈C ，且20z <，那么z 一定是纯虚数 B.若1z 、2z ∈C 且120z z ->，则12z z >C.若z ∈R ，则2z z z ⋅=不成立D.若x ∈C ，则方程32x =只有一个根16.已知x a α:≥ ，11x β-<: .若α是β的必要非充分条件，则实数a 的取值范围是…( )A.0a ≥B.0a ≤C.2a ≥D.2a ≤17.将右图所示的一个直角三角形ABC (90C ∠=︒)绕斜边AB 旋转一周，所得到的几何体的正视图是下面四个图形中的…………………( )ABCD18.某同学对函数sin ()xf x x=进行研究后，得出以下五个结论：①函数()y f x =的图像是轴对称图形；②函数()y f x =对任意定义域中x 值，恒有()1f x <成立；③函数()y f x =的图像与x 轴有无穷多个交点，且每相邻两交点间距离相等；④对于任意常数0N >，存在常数b a N >>，函数()y f x =在[],a b上单调递减，且1b a -≥；⑤当常数k 满足0k ≠时，函数()y f x =的图像与直线y kx =有且仅有一个公共点.其中所有正确结论的个数是………………………………………………………………………………………( ) A.5B.4C.3D.2三、解答题(本大题共有5小题，满分74分)解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内写出必要的步骤. 19.(本题满分12分)本题共有２个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分6分.如图所示，在直四棱柱1111ABCD A B C D -中，底面ABCD 是矩形，1AB =，BC =，12AA =，E 是侧棱1BB 的中点.(1)求四面体1A A ED -的体积；(2)求异面直线AE 与1B D 所成角的大小.(结果用反三角函数表示)20.(本题满分14分)本题共有２小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分.如图，某广场中间有一块扇形绿地OAB ，其中O 为扇形OAB 所在圆的圆心，60AOB ∠=︒，扇形绿地OAB 的半径为r .广场管理部门欲在绿地上修建观光小路：在AB 上选一点C ，过C 修建与OB 平行的小路CD ，与OA 平行的小路CE ，且所修建的小路CD 与CE 的总长最长. (1)设COD θ∠=，试将CD 与CE 的总长s 表示成θ的函数()s f θ=； (2)当θ取何值时，s 取得最大值？求出s 的最大值.21.(本题满分14分)本题共有3小题，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分4分，第3小题满分6分. 设121()log 1axf x x x -=+-为奇函数，a 为常数.(1)求a 的值；(2)判断函数()f x 在(1,)x ∈+∞ 上的单调性，并说明理由；(3)若对于区间[]3,4上的每一个x 值，不等式1()()2x f x m >+恒成立，求实数m 的取值范围.22.(本题满分16分)本题共有3小题，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分6分. 平面直角坐标系x o y 中，已知点(,)n n a (*)n N ∈在函数(2,)x y a a a N =∈≥ 的图像上，点(,)n n b (*)n N ∈在直线(1)y a x b =++ ()b R ∈上.(1)若点1(1,)a 与点1(1,)b 重合，且22a b <，求数列{}n b 的通项公式； (2)证明：当2a =时，数列{}n a 中任意三项都不能构成等差数列；(3)当2,1a b == 时，记{}|,n A x x a n N *==∈ ，{}|,n B x x b n N *==∈ ，设C A B =，将集合C 的元素按从小到大的顺序排列组成数列{}n c ，写出数列{}n c 的通项公式n c .23.(本题满分18分)本题共有3小题，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分8分，第3小题满分6分.已知椭圆22122:1(0)x y C a b a b +=>> 经过点3(1,)2M ，且其右焦点与抛物线22:4C y x = 的焦点F 重合，过点F 且与坐标轴不垂直的直线与椭圆交于,P Q 两点. (1)求椭圆1C 的方程；(2)设O 为坐标原点，线段OF 上是否存在点(,0)N n ，使得QP NP PQ NQ ⋅=⋅？若存在，求出n 的取值范围；若不存在，说明理由；(3)过点0(4,0)P且不垂直于x 轴的直线与椭圆交于,A B 两点，点B 关于x 轴的对称点为E ，试证明：直线AE 过定点.2014年崇明县高考数学(文科)二模卷一、填空题1. 220x y --= 【解析】(探究性理解水平∕直线的一般式方程)设直线l 方程为y kx b =+，由直线l 过(1,0)A ,则0k b +=，又法向量为(2,1)n =-，所以2k =，2b =-，直线l 的方程为：220x y --=.2. (1,0)(1,)-+∞ 【解析】(探究性理解水平∕集合的交集)由题得{|1A x x =>或0}x <，{|1}B x x =>-，所以(1,0)(1,)A B =-+∞.3. (,2)-∞-【解析】(探究性理解水平∕双曲线的标准方程和几何性质)因为此方程表示双曲线，焦点在y 轴上，由双曲线的标准方程知20m +<，所以实数m 的取值范围为(,2)-∞-.4. 1 【解析】(探究性理解水平∕数列的极限、等差数列的前n 项和)由题得2n S n =，所以22221lim lim lim 1111n n n n S n n n n→∞→∞→∞===---1=. 5. 5【解析】(探究性理解水平∕二项式定理)由题得505052211()C ()x x x x+= 141505552211C ()C ()x x xx+++，含2x 项的系数等于15C 5=. 6. π{|2π2x x k =-或2ππ,}x k k =-∈Z 【解析】(探究性理解水平∕诱导公式、两角和的正弦)由题得sin cos x x +=π)14x +=-，πsin()42x +=-，π5π2π44x k +=+或7π2π+4k ()k ∈Z ，得2ππx k =+或32ππ2k +()k ∈Z 即π2π2x k =-或2ππ,()x k k =-∈Z ，所以方程的解集为π{|2π2x x k =-或2ππ,}x k k =-∈Z . 7. 1【解析】(探究性理解水平/复数的四则运算)将13i 1i x +=+代入方程，得：23i 1i +⎛⎫⎪+⎝⎭+a 3i 1i +++b =0,化简为3-4i=-2a -b +a i,所以234a b a --=⎧⎨=-⎩45a b =-⎧⇒⎨=⎩.则a +b =1. 8.(1,2)【解析】(探究性解释水平/反函数)f (x )=2x +1,则其反函数为y =()2log 1.x -又()1.y f x -=则()1f x -<0⇒()2log 1x -<0,且10x ->,∴解集为(1,2).9. 25【解析】(探究性理解水平/分层抽样)由题意，高二年级女生有190人，则高一年级共有学生380人，高二年级共有学生370人，所以高三年级共有学生250人.根据分层抽样，设应在高三年级中抽取x 人，所以100.1000250x=得x =25,则应在高三年级中抽取25人. 10.32【解析】(探究性理解水平/圆柱、球的体积)设圆柱的高为h ，底面圆半径为r ,球的半径为R .由题意，r=R ,h =2R ,所以V 圆柱=h 2πR =23πR ,V 球=34π3R .则V 圆柱：V 球=32.11.-解析】(探究性解释水平/正弦定理和余弦定理)sin C =2sin A ,ab =3. 由正弦定理得：c =2a,再由余弦定理得cos C =2222a b c ab+-=-12.11[,]32【解析】(探究性理解水平/对数的性质，分式不等式的求解)当(0,1]x ∈，2(21)log 0ax x -?，当(0,1]x ∈，2log 0x …，即210ax -…，则2110a ⨯-…，当(1,)x ∈+∞，2(31)log 0ax x -?，当(1,)x ∈+∞，2log 0x >， 即1310,31103ax a a -⨯-⇒厖?.11[,]32a ∴∈.13.5 【解析】(探究性理解水平/线性规划求最值，平面向量的坐标运算)设P 为(,)x y ，则(,)(2,)OP x y m n λμλμλμ==+=++232x yy x y xμλμλ=-⎧⇒⇒+=-⎨=-⎩,令11333y x z y x z -=⇒=+.由图像可知，取(1,2)点，5z ⇒=.第13题图14.3 【解析】(解释性理解水平/探究性理解水平/数列的概念，函数的解函数的单调性，分段函数的性质)24004a a a a ∆=-=⇒==或，当0a =时，2()f x x =，当120x x <<时，12()()f x f x <，与已知条件矛盾，4a ∴=，11S =,当1n >时2144,n n S n n S -=-+=26925(1)n n n a n n -+⇒=->3,129,125n n b n n n -=⎧⎪∴=-⎨>⎪-⎩，1,2,4n =时{}n b 有3个变号数，当4n >，{}n b 恒正.所以有三个.二、选择题15.A 【解析】(探究性理解水平/复平面)设复数i z a b =+：则2222i 0z a b ab =-+<，即2202i 0a b ab ⎧-<⎨=⎩，故0a =，0b ≠所以A 正确；因为复数本身不能比较大小，故B 错误；2,,z z z z z z ∈∴=∴=R 成立，故C 也错误；令i x a b=+，当0b =时，32x =，当0b ≠时，有()3i a b +2=，展开得()32323i 32a a b b ab +--=，则有32233230a ab ab b ⎧-=⎨-=⎩，解得223134a b ⎛⎫==- ⎪⎝⎭，故 32x =有三个解，所以D 错误.16.B 【解析】(解释性理解水平/充分条件、必要条件)因为α是β的必要非充分条件，则β的解集是α解集的子集，β{}02x =<<，所以0a ….17.B 【解析】(解释性理解水平/三视图)由题目可知，旋转的图形为两个圆锥的组合体，且同底面，故其正视图为B 选项所对应的图形.18.C 【解析】(解释性理解水平/函数的基本性质、函数的应用、任意角的三角比)依题意知()f x 的定义域为()(),00,-∞+∞，()()sin x f x x --==-sin xx=()f x ，所以()f x 为偶函数，关于y 轴对称，故①正确；根据正弦值在单位圆中的定义可知，sin x x <，即在(]0,1x ∈有sin 1x x <，又因为sin 1x …，所以在()1,x ∈+∞有sin 1xx<.又因为()f x 为偶函数，所以在其定义域内有sin 1xx<，故②正确；函数f (x )的图像与x 轴的交点坐标为(k π,0)(k ≠0)，∴交点(-π,0)与(π,0)的距离为2π，而其余任意两点之间的距离为π，故③错误；令11()h x x=，2()h x =sin x ，1()h x 与2()h x 在π3π[2π,2π]22k k ++上均单调递减，∴h (x )=1()h x ·2()h x ，∴h (x )在π3π[2π,2π]22k k ++上单调递减，对于任意常数0N >，存在常数b a N >>，a ,b ∈π3π[2π,2π]22k k ++，函数()y f x =在[],a b 上单调递减，且1b a -≥，故④正确；∵f (π)= f (2π)=0，3π2()23πf =-，∴当x ∈(0,2π]时f (x )的图像如图所示，∴当k =2243π3π9π2-=-时，y =kx 切f (x )的图像于点3π2()23π-，,∴当249π-<k <0, y =kx 与f (x )的图像有2个交点，故⑤错误.故正确的为①②④，为3个，选C.第18题图三、解答题19.(本题满分12分)本题共有2小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分6分. 【解】(探究性理解水平／几何体的直观图，三棱锥的体积，异面直线所成角)(1)因为1122A AD S =⨯=△所以1113A A ED E A AD V V Sh --===.(2)取1CC 中点F ，联结1,DF B F .因为//DF AE ，所以DF 与1B D 所成的角的大小等于异面直线AE 与1B D 所成的角的大小.在1B DF △中，1B D =DF =1B F =，所以2221111cos 2DF DB B F B DF DF DB +-∠==，所以异面直线AE 与1B D所成的角为.20.(本题满分14分)本题共有2小题，第1小题满分8分，第2小题满分6分.【解】（探究性理解水平／正弦定理，正弦函数的最值，两角和与差的正弦）设扇形的半径为r .(1) 在ODC△中，s i n si n rC DC DO C O D=∠∠，sin 3CD r θ∴=，同理πsin()3CE θ=-.ππ()sin sin()sin()33s f θθθθ∴==+-=+π0,3θ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭.(2)πsin()33s r θ=+ ，π(0,)3θ∈.π(0,),3θ∈ππ2π(,),333θ∴+∈∴ 当ππ32θ+=，即π6θ=时，max π()6s f ==. 21.(本题满分14分)本题共有3小题，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分4分，第3小题满分6分. 【解】（探究性理解水平／对数的函数性质，函数的奇偶性，单调性，不等式恒成立问题） (1)121()log 1axf x x x -=+- 为奇函数，()()0f x f x ∴-+=对定义域内的任意x 都成立，112211log log 011ax ax x x x x +-∴-++=---，11111ax axx x +-∴=--- ，解得1a =-或1a =(舍去). 故1a =-.(2)由(1)知：121()l o g 1xf x x x +=+-，任取12,(1,)x x ∈+∞ ，设12x x < ，则：12211212112()011(1)(1)x x x x x x x x ++--=>----，121211011x x x x ++∴>>-- ，1211122211log log 11x x x x ++∴<-- 121112122211log log 11x x x x x x ++∴+<+--，12()()f x f x ∴<，()f x ∴在(1,)x ∈+∞上是增函数. (3)令1()()(),[3,4]2x g x f x x =-∈，1()[3,4]2x y x =∈在 上是减函数，∴由(2)知，1()()(),[3,4]2x g x f x x =-∈是增函数，min 15()(3)8g x g ∴==，对于区间[3,4] 上的每一个x值，不等式1()()2xf x m >+ 恒成立，即()mg x < 恒成立，min ()m g x ∴<158m ∴<. 22.(本题满分16分)本题共有3小题，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分6分. 【解】（探究性理解水平／等差数列通项公式及其性质，二项式定理）(1)因为11a b =,所以1a a b =++,1b =-, 由22a b <,得2210a a --<,所以11a <<, 因为2a …且a *∈N ,所以2a =,所以 31n b n =-,{}n b 是等差数列, (2)由题意，得：2()n n a n *=∈N ,(反证法)假设存在数列{}n a 中的三项2p ,2q ,2r 成等差数列,其中,,p q r *∈N , p q r <<，则2222q p r⋅=+ , 且2,2q p r p N -*-∈∈*N ，所以2212q p r p --⋅=+，因为等式左边为偶数，等式右边为奇数，所以等式不成立，所以假设不成立.所以数列{}n a 中的任意三项都不能构成等差数列.(3)当2,1a b ==时,2,31n n n a b n ==+，n *∈N ，设0m C ∈,则0m A ∈且0m B ∈,设02()t m t =∈*N ，031()m s s =+∈*N ，则231t s =+,所以11113C 3(1)C 3(1)(1)121(31)1333t t t t t t t t t s ---+⋅-++⋅-+-----=== ,因为,t s *∈N ,所以当且仅当t 为偶数时上式才能成立.当t 为偶数时，11112(31)3C 3(1)C 3(1)(1)31,t t t t t t t t t k k ---=-=+⋅-++⋅-+-=+∈*N所以t a B ∈ ，所以{|4,)nC y y n ==∈*N ，所以4()n n c n =∈*N .23.(本题满分18分)本题共有3小题，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分8分，第3小题满分6分. 【解】（探究性理解水平／椭圆的标准方程，直线与椭圆的位置关系）(1)由题意，得：(1,0)F ，所以222291411a b a b ⎧⎪⎪+=⎨⎪-=⎪⎩ ， 解得2243a b ⎧=⎪⎨=⎪⎩ ，所以椭圆的方程为：22143x y +=；(2)设直线PQ 的方程为：(1),(0)y k x k =-≠ ，代入22143x y +=，得：2222(34)84120k x k x k +-+-=，2222(8)4(34)(412)0k k k ∆=--+-> 恒成立.设1122(,),(,),P x y Q x y 线段PQ 的中点为00(,)R x y ，则2120002243,(1)23434x x k kx y k x k k +===-=-++， 由QP NP PQ NQ ⋅=⋅ 得：()(2)0PQ NQ NP PQ NR ⋅+=⋅=， 所以直线NR 为直线PQ 的垂直平分线，直线NR 的方程为：222314()3434k k y x k k k +=--++，令0y =得：N点的横坐标22213344k n k k ==++， 因为2(0,)k ∈+∞， 所以234(4,)k +∈+∞，所以1(0,)4n ∈.所以线段OF 上存在点(,0)N n 使得QP NP PQ NQ ⋅=⋅，其中1(0,)4n ∈.(3)证明：设直线AB 的方程为：(4),(0)y k x k =-≠，代入22143x y +=，得： 2222(34)3264120k x k x k +-+-=，由2222(32)4(34)(6412)0k k k ∆=--+->，得：11(,)22k ∈-， 设334444(,),(,),(,)A x y B x y E x y - ，则22343422326412,3434k k x x x x k k -+==++，则直线AE 的方程为343334()y y y y x x x x +-=--，令0y = 得：343443344333343434(4)(4)(8)x x x y x y x k x x k x x y x y y y y k x x -+⋅-+⋅-=-⋅+==+++-2222343423426412322424()34341328834k k x x x x k k k x x k ---+++===+--+，所以直线AE 过定点(1,0).。

1.崇明县(六）阅读下文，完成第22-26题。

（12分）①余为董文恪公作行状，尽览其奏议。

其任安徽巡抚，奏准棚民开山事甚力，大旨言与棚民相告讦者，皆溺于龙脉风水之说，至有以数百亩之山，保一棺之土，弃典礼，荒地利，不可施行。

而棚民能攻苦茹淡于丛山峻岭、人迹不可通之地，开种旱谷，以佐稻粱。

人无闲民，地无遗利，于策至便，不可禁止，以启事端。

余览其说而是之。

②及余来宣城问诸乡人皆言未开之山土坚石固草树茂密腐叶积数年可二三寸，每天雨从树至叶，从叶至土石，历石罅滴沥成泉，其下水也缓，又水下而土不随其下。

水缓，故低田受之不为灾；而半月不雨，高田犹受其浸溉。

今以斤斧童其山，而以锄犁疏其土，一雨未毕，沙石随下，奔流注壑涧中，皆填汙不可贮水，毕至洼田中乃止；及洼田竭，而山田之水无继者。

是为开不毛之土，而病有谷之田；利无税之佣，而瘠有税之户也。

余亦闻其说而是之。

③嗟夫！利害之不能两全也久矣。

由前之说，可以息事；由后之说，可以保利。

若无失其利，而又不至如董公之所忧，则吾盖未得其术也。

故记之以俟夫习民事者。

（记棚民事〔清〕梅曾亮）22、第①段中当地百姓反对棚民开山的原因是。

（用自己的话回答）（1分）23、本文前两段均用“余览（闻）其说而是之”作结，试分别概括“其说”内容。

（2分）_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 24、分析第②段划线句的表达效果。

（2分）_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________25、对第③段划线句理解不正确的一项是（）（3分）A、前后两种观点各有优点，或“息事”，或“保利”。

上海市崇明县2014届高三4月高考模拟（二模）物 理（考试时间120分钟，满分150分，请将答案填写在答题纸上）一、单项选择题（共16分，每小题2分。

每小题只有一个正确选项。

）1、关于机械波和电磁波，下列说法正确的是 A ．机械波和电磁波都能在真空中传播 B ．机械波和电磁波都能在传播过程中携带信息 C ．机械波的速度由介质决定，电磁波的速度由频率决定D ．机械波可以发生衍射现象，电磁波不能发生衍射现象2、光滑水平面上的木块受到水平力1F 与2F 的作用而静止不动．现保持1F大小和方向不变，使F 2方向不变，大小随时间均匀减小到零后再均匀A ．液体分子在振动，但无确定的平衡位置B ．液体分子间距离很大，相互作用力很弱C ．液体分子在杂乱无章地运动，无任何规律性D ．液体分子排列整齐，在确定的平衡位置附近振动 4、如图一光电管电路图，为使光电管中能产生明显的光电流，则要求A ．足够长的光照时间B ．足够长入射光波长C ．有较强的光照强度D ．电路中a 端接电源正极5、如图所示为α粒子穿过充满氮气的云室时拍摄的照片，在许多α粒子的径迹中有一条发生了分叉，分叉后有一条细而长的径迹和一条 粗而短的径迹，则 A ．细而长的是α粒子的径迹 B ．粗而短的是氧核的径迹 C ．细而长的是氮核的径迹D ．粗而短的是质子的径迹6、如图为一种主动式光控报警器原理图，图中R 1和R 2为光敏电阻（受到光照时电阻明显减小），R 3和R 4为。

5V定值电阻．当任何一个光敏电阻受到光照时，都会引 起警铃发声，则图中虚线框内的门电路是 A ．与门 B ．或门 C ．非门D ．与非门7、一质点作简谐振动的图像如图所示，则该质点A ．在0至0.01s 内，速度与加速度反向B ．在0.01s 至0.02s 内，速度与回复力同向C ．在0.025s 时刻，速度与加速度均为正值D ．在0.04s 时刻，速度最大，回复力最大8、如图所示，水平导轨接有电源，导轨上固定有三根导体棒a 、b 、c ，长度关系为c 最长，b 最短，将c 弯成一直径与b 等长的半圆，将装置置于向下的匀强磁场中，在接通电源后，三导体棒中有等大的电流通过，则三棒受到安培力的大小关系为 A ．a c b F F F >> B ．a c b F F F == C ．a c b F F F << D ．a c b F F F >=二、单项选择题（共24分，每小题3分。

2014上海高考语文模拟试题及答案(上海卷)16.(4分)本诗首联描绘了树木繁茂、落霞与夕阳交相辉映的春江晚景，色彩艳丽，含蓄地传达出作者喜悦的心情。

颔联则直接抒发作者在征路上见到美景时喜出望外的心情。

两联景中有情，情中有景，情景交融。

(景色2分，情感1分，两者关系1分)【注】①秀发，枝叶繁茂，花朵盛开。

语出《诗·大雅·生民》：“实发实秀。

” ②相鲜，景色鲜丽，相互辉映。

谢灵运《登江中孤屿》诗：“云日相辉映，空水共澄鲜。

” ③“征路”二句：行途中不意逢此佳景，更教我情兴幽远。

④那，怎，何。

⑤春心，指春景引发的意兴。

春，《全唐诗》注：“一作乡。

”按：作“乡”非。

黄叔灿云：“作…乡心‟，与通首绝无关会。

”(《唐诗笺注》卷一) ⑥渺，一作“眇”。

渺然，幽远貌。

作者《题画山水障》诗：“对玩有佳趣，使我心眇绵。

”渺然，犹眇绵之意。

⑦“兴来”二句：言此中佳趣只可心会，却难用言语表达。

宋唐庚《春日郊外》诗：“疑此江头有佳景，为君寻取却茫茫。

”陈与义《春日二首》之一：“忽有好诗生眼底，安排句法已难寻。

”都是写刹那间的创作感受，可以参读。

⑧只自.副词。

犹言独自。

自，词缀，无义。

⑨佳处，一作“佳气”。

⑩薄暮，黄昏时分。

津亭，渡口边的驿亭。

【简析】张九龄喜欢清澹的景色，一般是色调素洁，如月光、白云、青山、淡水，他的笔下没有浓艳的景物。

而且喜欢远远地观照，在远景中体味某种超然的情怀。

胡应麟说“曲江清而澹”(《诗薮》外编卷四)，确实抓住了他的特点。

另外张九龄在被贬所作的诗基本上不悲伤，往往充满了对美和理想的憧憬，显示出一种潇洒飘逸的情趣。

《春江晚景》这首诗写旅途中春日的繁花佳气令人心醉。

首联写景，江畔林木茂盛，花儿盛开;天上云朵落日相辉映。

景象明丽。

虽然化用谢灵运诗句，但是没有谢的玄气和故作高深，非常自然，仿佛信口吟来，令人感到亲切。

三四句用虚笔。

征行逢此佳景，惊喜之情顿生。

自觉春思渺然，赏心自得，其中佳趣，莫可言传。

2014年上海各区县高考语文一模试题汇编——散文阅读闸北区阅读下文，完成7—12题。

（21分）温一壶月光下酒林清玄①煮雪如果真有其事，别的东西也可以留下，我们可以用一个空瓶把今夜的桂花香装起来，等桂花谢了，秋天过去，再打开瓶盖，细细品尝。

②把初恋的温馨用一个精致的琉璃盒子盛装，等到青春过尽垂垂老矣的时候，掀开盒盖，扑面一股热流，足以使我们老怀堪慰。

③这其中还有许多意想不到的情趣，譬如将月光装在酒壶里，用文火一起温来喝……此中有真意，乃是酒仙的境界。

④有一次与朋友住在狮头山，每天黄昏时候在刻着“即心是佛”的大石头下开怀痛饮，常喝到月色满布才回到和尚庙睡觉，过着神仙一样的生活。

最后一天我们都喝得有点醉了，携着酒壶下山，走到山下时顿觉胸中都是山香云气，酒气不知道跑到何方，才知道喝酒原有这样的境界。

⑤有时候抽象的事物．．．．．也能转眼化为无形，岁月当．．．．．也可以让我们感知，有时候实体的事物是明证，我们活的时候真正感觉到自己是存在的，岁月的脚步一走过，转眼便如云烟无形。

但是，这些消逝于无形的往事，却可以拿来下酒，酒后便会浮现出来。

⑥喝酒是有哲学的，准备许多下酒菜，喝得杯盘狼藉是下乘的喝法；几粒花生米和盘豆腐干，和三五好友天南地北是中乘的喝法；一个人独斟自酌，举杯邀明月，对影成三人，是上乘的喝法。

⑦关于上乘的喝法，春天的时候可以面对满园怒放的杜鹃细饮五加皮；夏天的时候，在满树狂花中痛饮啤酒；秋日薄暮，用菊花煮竹叶青，人与海棠俱醉；冬寒时节则面对篱笆间的忍冬花，用腊梅温一壶大曲。

这种种，就到了无物不可下酒的境界。

⑧当然，诗词也可以下酒。

⑨俞文豹在《历代诗余引吹剑录》谈到一个故事，提到苏东坡有一次在玉堂日，有一幕士善歌，东坡因问曰：“我词何如柳七（即柳永）？”幕士对曰：“柳郎中词，只合十七八女郎，执红牙板，歌‘杨柳岸，晓风残月’。

学士词，须关西大汉、铜琵琶、铁棹板，唱‘大江东去’。

”东坡为之绝倒。

⑩这个故事也能引用到饮酒上来，喝淡酒的时候，宜读李清照；喝甜酒时，宜读柳永；喝烈酒则大歌东坡词。