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（完整版）初中英语被动语态语法及练习题（有答案）语态概述1.一般现在时:am/is/are+spoken2. 一般过去时:was/were+spoken3. 一般将来时:will/shall be+spoken4. 现在进行时:am/is/are being+spoken5. 过去进行时:was/were being+spoken6. 现在完成时:have/has been+spoken7. 过去完成时:had been + spoken主动语态变被动语态的方法(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。
(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。
例如:All the people laughed at him.He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory.The bikes are made by them in the factory.含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由"情态动词+be+过去分词"构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后"to"仍要保留。
We can repair this watch in two days.This watch can be repaired in two days.They should do it at once.It should be done at once.特殊情况3. 主动表被动：1、Need, want, require（要求，需要）, deserve(应得，值得), be worth值得），not bear(经不住) 后面接doing主动表被动。
被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)一、单项选择被动语态1．Please don’t stand up in class until you ______.A．were told to B．are toldC．are told to D．were told【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查省略句。
句意：直到有人叫你站起来，你才可以在课堂上站起来。
在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉，但是要保留动词不定式的符号to。
分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时。
故C选项正确。
【点睛】to代替不定式在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉，但是要保留动词不定式的符号to。
to代替不定式，常同refuse, want, seem, intend, expect, hope, like, be afraid, prefer, care, oblige, forget, wish, try，tell等动词连用。
注意：如果不定式中含有be, have,或have been，一般要保留be, have或have been。
本句还原为：Please don’t stand up in class until you are told to stand up。
省略句为：Please don’t stand up in class until you are told to 。
故C选项正确。
2． A human case of H7N9 was reported in 2014 when a woman______ to be infected with the bird flu virus.A．confirmed B．had been confirmedC．was confirmed D．have confirmed【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：一例人感染H7N9病毒的报告发生在2014年，当时，一名女性被确诊感染了禽流感。
被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)一、单项选择被动语态1．More than one worker ______ dismissed.A．have been B．areC．has been D．has【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致和语态。
句意：不止一个工人被解雇了。
如果主语由"many a,more than one ＋单数名词"构成，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式，故排除A和B，“工人”和“解雇”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选C。
2．—Are we about to having dinner?—Yes, it ________ in the dining room.A．serve B．is servingC．is being served D．has been serving【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。
句意：——我们准备去吃饭吗？——是的，饭菜正在餐厅被供应。
it是指饭菜，和动作serve之间是被动关系，且动作正在进行，四个选项中只有C项是现在进行时的被动语态，故选C。
3．(桂林部分学校高三质量检测)The wet weather will continue tomorrow，when a coldfront________to arrive.A．will be expected B．is expectingC．expects D．is expected【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。
句意为：预计将有一股冷锋到来，因此潮湿的天气明天将会继续。
a cold front与expect之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，expect是发生在现在的动作，要用一般现在时，故选D项。
答案：D4．The affairs of each country should be by its own people.A．elected B．settledC．developed D．contained【答案】B【解析】考查动词。
【英语】被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)一、单项选择被动语态1．My brother and I have __________her birthday party.A．been invited B．been invited forC．invited to D．been invited to【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查语态和固定搭配。
句意：我哥哥和我被邀请参加她的生日聚会。
My brother and I与invite之间是被动关系，invite sb to somewhere表示“邀请某人去某地”，故D项正确。
2． A human case of H7N9 was reported in 2014 when a woman______ to be infected with the bird flu virus.A．confirmed B．had been confirmedC．was confirmed D．have confirmed【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：一例人感染H7N9病毒的报告发生在2014年，当时，一名女性被确诊感染了禽流感。
Confirm证实，确认，根据was reported in 2014可知，是过去的事情，先行词是2014，定语从句也用一般过去时，排除B、D；woman与confirm是动宾关系，即她是被确诊的，故选C。
考点：考查时态与被动语态3．(江苏四校第四次考试)The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing________shortly.A．will be published B．have been publishedC．had been published D．are published【答案】A【解析】考查时态。
shortly不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来时。
被动语态全解语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。
一．被动语态的时态：1.一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态：was /were +动词的过去分词3.一般将来时的被动语态：will be +动词的过去分词4.现在进行时的被动语态：am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态：have /has +been +动词的过去分词6.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词主动语态不能变为被动语态的情况:1, 当宾语是反身代词时The man introduced himself as Mr.Parker .2,当谓语是表示状态的及物动词时Does the pair of new shoes suit you?We will have a meeting .四．特殊情况的被动语态：1.带双宾语的被动语态：动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾)口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间宾连。
1).give/pass /show 与介词to 搭配。
give sb sth —— sb +be given sth 或sth +be given +to sb .2).buy/make/cook 与介词for 搭配。
buy sb sth —— sb +be bought + sth 或sth +be bought +for sbHe gave me a bookI ______ ______ a book by him.A book ____ ____ _____ me by him .My mother made me a cake .I ____ _____ a cake by my motherA cake ____ ____ ____ me by my mother .2.带省to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态：动词+ sb + do sth .口诀：感使动词真叫怪，to来to去记心怀，主动语态to离去被动语态to回来。
（完整版）被动语态讲解及练习（附答案）被动语态讲解一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2）has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3）am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here．4）was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5）had been done 过去完成时例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6）was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there.7）shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8）should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9）shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）例The project will have been completed before July.2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
被动语态讲解及练习一、主动语态与被动语态的概念：例：⑴ We listen to the teacher carefully in class.主谓宾T The teacher is listened to by us主谓介词短语⑵W e laughed at him .时态动词的被动形式例句般现在时is done He is asked to do this.一般过去时was done The story was told by her mother.般将来时will be done The problem will be discussed tomorrow. 现在进行时is being done The novel is being written.过去进行时was being done At that time the desk was being made.现在完成时has bee n done The house has bee n built.过去完成时had bee n doneThey said that their work had bee n finished.过去将来时would be doneHe said the trees would be pla ntedsoon.三、被动语态的各种句型：1、T he song is liked by young people.肯定句）2、T he song isn t liked by young people （否定句）3、Is the song liked by young people ? （一般疑问句）4、Who is the song liked by ?=By whom is the song liked?（特殊疑问句）He was laughed at by us.carefully in class.四、主动语态改被动语态的方法：方法分为三步：⑴把原句中的宾语改成主语⑵动词改为变动形式be done同时注意时态)⑶原来的主语如果需要的话放在介词by 后面，以指明做事的人或物，如果没有必要则省去例：The man killed a tiger.f A tiger was killed by the man .(改的过程中要注意时态和语态两个方面)五、特殊句型的被动语态：1 含有使役动词(make /let /have)或感官动词(hear ,see, listen to ,look at find ,watch,feel等)的句子，在主动语态中这些词后常跟不带to的动词不定式，但是在改成被动语态时，则一定要把省去的to再加上去，另外help这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以带to,也可不带to,但在被动语态中也必须把to加上去。
被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)一、单项选择被动语态1．A lot of small towns in the area are definitely worth ________.A．to be visited B．being visited C．visiting D．to visit【答案】C【解析】【详解】主动形式表达被动意义。
句意：这个地区的许多小城镇绝对值得一游。
be worth doingsth“值得做某事”，主动形式表达被动意义。
故选C项。
2．It is the third time so far that such a festival ________ in my hometown.A．is held B．has been heldC．will be held D．had been held【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查句式用法。
This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句，这是第一（二，三…）次…。
一般来说，This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句，这个句式中that从句使用现在完成时，但是这个句子中，so far距今为止，表示现在为止这个节日庆祝活动，还没有举办，要用将来时。
故选C。
考点: 考查句式用法3．—It’s so humid these days!—Don’t worry! The rain ________ to stop from tomorrow.A．will expect B．expectsC．will be expected D．is expected【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态与语态。
句意：——这些日子天气潮湿。
——不要担心！这场雨预计明天就会停止。
根据语境，“expect”表示现在发生的事情，用一般现在时，“停止”的动作发生在明天，且主语The rain与expect之间是被动关系。
欢迎阅读被动语态全解语态是动词的一种形式 , 表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系 ,主动语态表示主语是动作的履行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的蒙受者。
只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。
一．被动语态的时态：1. 一般此刻时的被动语态： am /is/ are + 动词的过去分词2. 一般过去时的被动语态： was /were + 动词的过去分词3. 一般未来时的被动语态： will be + 动词的过去分词4. 此刻进行时的被动语态： am /is /are +being + 动词的过去分词5. 此刻达成时的被动语态： have /has +been + 动词的过去分词6. 神态动词的被动语态： 神态动词 + be + 动词的过去分词主动语态不可以变成被动语态的状况 :1, 当宾语是反身代词时 The man introduced himself as Mr.Parker . 2, 当谓语是表示状态的及物动词时Does the pair of new shoes suit you? We will have a meeting .四．特别状况的被动语态：1. 带双宾语的被动语态： 动词 + sb( 间宾 ) +sth( 直宾 )口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变， to /for 间宾连。
1).give/pass /show 与介词 to 搭配。
give sb sth —— sb +be given sth 或 sth +be given +to sb .2).buy/make/cook 与介词 for 搭配。
buy sb sth —— sb +be bought + sth 或 sth +be bought +for sb He gave me a book I ______ ______ a book by him. A book ____ ____ _____ me by him . My mother made me a cake . I ____ _____ a cake by my mother A cake ____ ____ ____ me by my mother . 2. 带省 to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态：动词 + sb + do sth . 口诀：感使动词真叫怪， to 来 to 去记心胸，主动语态 to 离开被动语态 to 回来。
被动语态讲解英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态A.主动语态表示主语是动作的 _______例：We planted the tree.B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的 _______例：The tree was planted by us.A school is built. (be done)一所学校将要被建。
将来时的被动这所学校正在被建进行时的被动这所学校已经被建成了完成时的被动儿童必须得到照顾。
情态动词+ be doneChildren must be taken good care of.了解被动语态:1.英语中有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态2、形式:1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时2） has /have been done 现在完成时3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时4） was/were done 一般过去时5） had been done 过去完成时6） was/were being done 过去进行时7） shall/will be done 一般将来时8） should/would be done 过去将来时9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）10） should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用）3、被动动态的使用：(1)不知道或没必要说出动作的执行者时，用被动语态。
(2)动作的承受者是谈话的中心时，用被动语态，可带by短语。
4、及物动词才有被动语态。
被动语态的主语大多数是物例：1.Bananas _________in Hainan.(海南种植香焦。
）2.Many more trees _____________in our school next year.（我们学校明年将种更多的树。
）3._______ the trees ________by him.这些树是他种的吗？4.Young trees _________________(必须照看好小树）5. The building____________ (那栋楼房正在建设中。
被动语态讲解一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2) has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here．4) was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5) had been done 过去完成时例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6) was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there.7) shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8) should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)例The project will have been completed before July.2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。
例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。
通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为He was given a present by hismother for his birthday.3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。
例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette.可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4)在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。
例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。
其中的介词或副词也不能省略。
例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.3. 非谓语动词的被动语态v.+ing 形式及不定式to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。
例I don't like being laughed at in the public.二、如何使用被动语态学习被动语态时，不仅要知道被动语态的各种语法结构，还要知道在哪些情况中使用被动语态。
1. 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者(这时可省by 短语)。
例My bike was stolen last night.2. 借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者。
例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.3. 为了更好地安排句子。
例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. (一个主语就够了)三、It is said that+从句及其他类似句型一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth.”。
有：It is said that… 据说,It is reported that…据报道，It is believed that…大家相信，It is hoped that…大家希望，It is well known that…众所周知，It is thought that…大家认为，It is suggested that…据建议。
例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. (＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam. )四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义1.英语中有很多动词如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。
例This kind of cloth washes well.注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。
试比较：The door won't lock．(指门本身有毛病)The door won't be locked．(指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因)2. 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。
例How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？3. 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。
例Your reason sounds reasonable五、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义。
1．在need，want，require, bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
例The house needs repairing(to be repaired)．这房子需要修理。
2．形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。
例The picture-book is well worth reading．(＝The picture-book is very worthy to be read．)3. 动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
例I have a lot of things to do this afternoon．(to do与things是动宾关系，与I是主谓关系。
) 试比较：I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。
)4. 在某些“形容词＋不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。
这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。
例This problem is difficult to work out .(可看作to work out省略了for me).5．在too… to…结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。
例This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.6. 在there be…句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动式作定语，重点在人，用被动形式作定语，重点在物。
例There is no time to lose(to be lost)．(用to lose可看成for us to lose；用to be lost，谁lost time 不明确。
)7. 在be to do结构中的一些不定式通常应用主动表主动, 被动表被动。
然而,由于古英语的影响,下列动词rent,blame,let等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
例Who is to blame for starting the fire?六、介词in, on, under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，含被动之义，其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词。
1. “under +名词”结构，表示“某事在进行中”。
常见的有：under control(受控制), under treatment(在治疗中), under repair(在修理中), under discussion(在讨论中), under construction(在施工中)。
例The building is under construction( is being constructed).2．“beyond+名词”结构，“出乎……胜过……、范围、限度”。
