第二十一讲 名词性从句的翻译1
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名词性从句的翻译
2) 以it作形式宾语的宾语从句 一般按原句顺序翻译，it可不译出
I
made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 o’clock in the morning. 我明确地告诉他们，论文必须在上午十点之 前交。 Anyhow, old chap, I owe it to you that I am here. 不管怎么说，老伙计，我现在还能站在这儿， 全靠你。
2) 译为类似定语的结构或独立句
But
I knew I couldn’t trust him. There was the possibility that he was a political swindler. 但我知道不能轻信他。他是政治骗子这 种可能性还是存在的。 It does not alter the fact that he is the man responsible for the delay. 迟延应由他负责，这个事实是改变不了 的。
同位语从句
保持原本的语序 译为类似定语的结构或独成一句 加入冒号、破折号和“这样”、
“这一”、“即”等字眼 改变原文的同位语结构，用汉语 的无主句或其他方式译出
1) 保持原本的语序
He
expressed the hope that he would come over to visit China again. 他表示希望能再来中国访问。 As an obedient son, he had accepted his father’s decision that he was to be a doctor, though the prospect didn’t interest him at all. 作为一个孝顺儿子，他接受了父亲的决 定，去当医生，虽然他对这样的前途毫 无兴趣可言。
第二十一讲 名词性从句的翻译1
38. Through many years’ practice of teaching foreign language, I have derived a new experience that translation is the best possible approach to studying English. --通过多年的外语教学经验，我获得了一条新经验：翻 译是学习英语的最好办法。
要打破“金要足赤”的形而上学的错误思想。
翻译 HY
C.把同位语译成独立的句子，在其前加“即”，或在名 词之后用冒号或破折号引出同位语从句。
37. We are familiar with the idea that all matter consists of atoms. --我们都熟悉这样一个概念，即一切物质均由原子组成。
翻译 HY
39.They marvel at the fact China did it all on its own.
他们对这个事实感到十分惊讶——所有一切都是中国 凭自己的力量完成的。 40. He was allowed to go climbing on condition that he kept near his teachers and classmates.
翻译 HY
III. 表语从句的译法
一般情况可以按原文译出。
26. That’s what we should do.
这正是我们的本分 27. The question which worries everyone today is: how long will these fuels last? 今天人人都担心的问题是：这些燃料能维持多久？
翻译 HY
英语名词性从句的翻译
Translation of Nominal ClausesEnglish subordinate clauses are classified into six groups, namely, subject clause, objective clause, predicative clause, appositive clause, attributive clause and adverbial clause. Since the first four of them function as nouns in a complex sentence, they are generally called nominal clauses. In this section we are going to find some specific methods of translating nominal clauses.英语名词性从句包括主语从句, 宾语从句, 表语从句和同位语从句, 在翻译这类从句时, 大多数可以按照原文的句序翻译成相应的汉语, 但是也有一些具体的处理方法.A.Subjective clauses:Usually we would like to translate noun clause in the same order, that is to say, to remain their original position.例1. Whoever comes to our library will be welcome.（主语从句）什么人到我们图书馆来都欢迎。
例2. How and when human language developed and whether animals such as chimpanzees and gorillas can develop a more elaborate system of communication are issues at present being researched, but as yet little understood.人类的语言是如何发展起来的, 是什么时候形成的, 诸如黑猩猩和大猩猩一类的动物是否会形成一种更加复杂的交流系统, 都是现阶段人们研究的课题, 但对此人们都知之甚少。
名词性从句翻译
名词性从句翻译名词性从句是一种从句，用作名词的作用，可以在句子中担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语或介词宾语。
名词性从句一般由连接词引导，包括连词that, whether/if , 连接代词who, whom, what, which, whoever,whomever, whatever, whichever, 连接副词when, where, why, how等等。
名词性从句的翻译要根据具体的上下文和句子结构进行灵活变通。
下面是一些常见的名词性从句的翻译示例：1. 主语从句：That he is late again is not surprising.他又迟到了并不奇怪。
2. 宾语从句：I don't know where she went.我不知道她去哪里了。
3. 表语从句：The problem is whether we can solve it.问题是我们是否能够解决它。
4. 同位语从句：The news that he passed the exam made us happy.他通过考试的消息使我们很高兴。
5. 介词宾语从句：I am not sure about what he said.我不确定他说的是什么。
6. 间接引导名词性从句：He asked where I lived.他问我住在哪里。
7. 是否从句：I wonder whether/if she will come to the party.我想知道她是否会来参加派对。
8. 选择性从句：He asked me whether I preferred coffee or tea.他问我是喜欢咖啡还是茶。
9. 宾语从句（陈述句变为疑问句）：Do you know what time it is?你知道现在几点钟吗？10. 宾语从句（连接代词）：I wonder who is going to pick us up at the airport.我想知道谁会在机场接我们。
英语名词性从句讲解【完整版】
1、It depends on weather if she will come back on time .
2、I asked him if he could do me a favor .
If与whether的区别：
1、If不能引导放于句首的主语从句，而whether可以。 2、引导表语从句用whether，不用if。 3、引导同位语从句用whether，不用if。 4、whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语，不用if 。 5、whether or not 连在一起可以，但if不可以。而 “whether-----or not = if -----or not”
同位语从句：
定义：在复合句中充当同位语的句子。 同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和 同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。 同位语常见名词：fact, suggestion, advice, idea, decision, news, thought, hope, belief, truth, doubt, promise, possibility, truth, warning, message, reason, report, question，explanation, wish, problem等。 常见的连接词：that, whether, what, who, how, when, where等。 用法： The thought that I want to buy my mother a birthday gift makes me excited.that 引导的同位语从句，解释说明 thought，从句不缺成 分 There is some doubt whether he will come. whether 引导同位语从句，if 不能引导同位语从句 we haven’t made the decision where we are going to spend our vacation. 有时同位语从句可以不紧跟解释说明的名词后面。 The news is surprising that he won the match.
2、I asked him if he could do me a favor .
If与whether的区别：
1、If不能引导放于句首的主语从句，而whether可以。 2、引导表语从句用whether，不用if。 3、引导同位语从句用whether，不用if。 4、whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语，不用if 。 5、whether or not 连在一起可以，但if不可以。而 “whether-----or not = if -----or not”
同位语从句：
定义：在复合句中充当同位语的句子。 同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和 同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。 同位语常见名词：fact, suggestion, advice, idea, decision, news, thought, hope, belief, truth, doubt, promise, possibility, truth, warning, message, reason, report, question，explanation, wish, problem等。 常见的连接词：that, whether, what, who, how, when, where等。 用法： The thought that I want to buy my mother a birthday gift makes me excited.that 引导的同位语从句，解释说明 thought，从句不缺成 分 There is some doubt whether he will come. whether 引导同位语从句，if 不能引导同位语从句 we haven’t made the decision where we are going to spend our vacation. 有时同位语从句可以不紧跟解释说明的名词后面。 The news is surprising that he won the match.
5.名词性从句的翻译
9
第九页，编辑于星期二：十八点 三十四分。
翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
3) It is imagined by many that the operations of the
common mind can by no means be compared with these processes.
6
第六页，编辑于星期二：十八点 三十四分。
翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
也可以变换顺序，翻译时主语从句置于句后:
1) It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people adversely.
显然，这种不安的感觉会对人们产生不利的影响。
3) A year later, the father received a letter that one of
his lost ships had been found and had arrived filled
with merchandise for him.
一年后，父亲收到了一封信，信上说找到了他失踪的一条船，
许多人认为普通人的思维活动根本无法与这些过程相比。
4) It was thought that this drug was blown into the
bedroom through a tube in the form of a fine
powder which the sleeper breathed in.
2) It is certain that technology, especially computer technology, will rule our lives to a greater and greater degree.
第九页，编辑于星期二：十八点 三十四分。
翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
3) It is imagined by many that the operations of the
common mind can by no means be compared with these processes.
6
第六页，编辑于星期二：十八点 三十四分。
翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
也可以变换顺序，翻译时主语从句置于句后:
1) It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people adversely.
显然，这种不安的感觉会对人们产生不利的影响。
3) A year later, the father received a letter that one of
his lost ships had been found and had arrived filled
with merchandise for him.
一年后，父亲收到了一封信，信上说找到了他失踪的一条船，
许多人认为普通人的思维活动根本无法与这些过程相比。
4) It was thought that this drug was blown into the
bedroom through a tube in the form of a fine
powder which the sleeper breathed in.
2) It is certain that technology, especially computer technology, will rule our lives to a greater and greater degree.
名词性从句的翻译
（2）When subject clauses introduced by it used as a formal subject are translated, it doesn’t matter whether they are put in front of the sentence or not. ―it‖ can or cannot be translated. e.g. It doesn’t make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not. (―it‖ hasn’t been translated)
他参不参加会议都没关系。
It was obvious that I had become the pawn in some sort of top level power play.
很清楚，某些高级人物在玩弄权术，而我却成了他们的工具。
It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash. (―it‖ has been translated)
作为一个孝顺的儿子，我接受了父亲的决定，要当医生，虽然我对 这样的前途毫无兴趣。
We demanded a guarantee that no similar incident would occur again.
我们要求保证不再发生类似事件。
（2）in front of the sentence It does not alter the fact that he is the man responsible for the delay. 延迟应由他负责，这个事实是改变不了的。 Yet, from the beginning, that fact that I was alive was ignored. 然而，从一开始，我仍然活着这个事实却偏偏被忽视了。
名词性从句的翻译
1.表语从句一般可按原文翻译 Row material is what we are in need of. 原料是我们所需要的东西。 This is why she got in touch with us in the first place. 这是她起初和我们接触的原因。
IV. 同位语和同位语从句
＊两种结构 Who kept the door open all night was unknown． 从句位于句首 It‘s a pity that you should go so soon． 从句位原文顺序翻译 What he told me was only half-truth. 他告诉我的只是半真半假的东西而已。 That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all. 他竟然在这么短的时间内完成作文，令我们很惊 讶。 When we start the work is an important question． 我们什么时候开始工作，这是个很重要的问题。
名词性从句的翻译
Translation of Substantive Clauses
什么是名词性从句？ What has happened is no surprise to us. We all know well enough what he is. This is why we don’t like him. The fact that I left him is expectable. 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
1.同位语单词和短语的翻译 They two have the same idea. 他们两个都有这种想法。 According to Bill Johns, my doctor, this disease is easy to cure. 根据我的医生比尔的观点，这种疾病很容易治愈。 The negotiation will take place at a hotel, the （可用破折号——） Friendship Hotel. 谈判将在一个宾馆内举行——友谊宾馆。
名词性从句的译法
例4：Whatever he saw and heard on his trip gave him a very deep impression. 【译文】他此行所见所闻都给他留下了深刻的印象。 例5：Since hearing her predicament, I’ve always arranged to meet people where they or I can be reached in case of delay. 【译文】听她说了那次尴尬的经历之后，每每与人约 见，我总要安排在彼此能够互相联系的上的地 方，以免误约。
and talk the matter over with him.（it作形式宾
语）
【译文】我理所当然地认为，你会来跟他谈这件事
的。
例3：Another cause of obscurity is that the writer is himself not quite sure of his meaning. (表语从句) 【译文】写不清楚还有一个原因，那就是作者自 己对于所要表达的意思也不是很有把握。
补充例句：名词性从句 例6．We can explain very simply the important differences between solids, liquids, and gases on the basis of the theory that matter is made up of particles, and that these particles can move more easily in some states of matter than in others. (同位语
这些从句的翻译一般按原句的语序处理这些从句的翻译一般按原句的语序处理即可相对比较容易但有时也可以译即可相对比较容易但有时也可以译为并列分句定语从句或其它形式的句为并列分句定语从句或其它形式的句如果名词性从句包含两层以上的意思需要把主句与从句分开译
翻译培训3名词性从句的译法课件
The answer lies in the fact that the girl practices the piano every evening.
答案在于这样的事实，即这个女孩每天晚
上都练习钢琴。•翻译培训3名词性从句的译法
•25
翻译练习
•翻译培训3名词性从句的译法
•26
How you manage on your small income is puzzle to me.
•翻译培训3名词性从句的译法
•12
It +谓语+that从句
通常按原文句子结构顺序翻译，It 不 译出来。
•翻译培训3名词性从句的译法
•13
例：
It seems that she is going to buy a car on installment.
她好像要用分期付款的方式购买汽车。
It goes without saying that plants cannot grow without sunlight.
•2
例：
That the living conditions are improving is evident.
生活条件在改善，这很明显。
That the pilot could have survived the crash seemed inconceivable.
驾驶员在飞机坠毁之后，竟然还能活着， 这看来是不可想象的事。
人们普遍认为，疾病应当以预防为主。
It is frequently said that computers solve problems only because they are “programmed” to do so..
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翻译 HY
• 2. It could be argued that the radio performs this service just as well; but on television everything is much more living, much more real. • －－可能有人会提出，无线电广播同样能够做到这一 点；但是在电视屏幕上，每个节目都显得更加生动， 更加真实。 • 3. It is well known that alloy is a metal product containing two or more elements. • －－众所周知（大家都知道），合金是一种含有两种 或两种以上元素的金属产品。
翻译 HY
• C.英语中有时为了修辞强调， 把宾语从句置于 主句前，汉译时 也可遵从该修辞效果，顺序译 出。如： • 24. Whether they like it or not, I don’t care. • 他们喜不喜欢，我可不管。
• 25. What they were asked to do in 10 days, they finished in two. • 让他们是天做的事，他们两天就做完了。
• 这样的主语从句句型可处理为: (1) 先把主句的谓语或表语部分译成独 立语，然后顺译出从句；(2) 颠倒原文句子结构，先译出从句，再译 出主句。如： • 4. It is strange that she has failed to see his advantages. • －－真奇怪，她竟然没有看出他的优点。 • 5. It goes without saying that plants cannot grow without sunshine. • －－毋庸置疑，没有阳光，植物就不能生长。
翻译 HY
III. 表语从句的译法
一般情况可以按原文译出。
26. That’s what we should do.
这正是我们的本分 27. The question which worries everyone today is: how long will these fuels last? 今天人人都担心的问题是：这些燃料能维持多久？
翻译 HY
莫言作品大盘点
• 檀香刑》Sandalwood Death,《丰乳肥臀》 Big Breasts & Wide Hips,《酒国》The Republic of Wine,《生死疲劳》Life & Death are Wearing Me Out,《天堂蒜薹之 歌》The Garlic Ballads,《师傅越来越幽默》 Shifu, You’ll Do Anything for a Laugh, 《红 高粱》Red Sorghum。
翻译 HY
• Lei Feng always thought how he could do more for people. • －－雷锋总是想到怎样为人民做更多的事。 • She was never satisfied with what she had achieved. • －－她从不满足于她取得的成就。 • Zhang San replied that he was very sorry. • －－张三回答说，他感到很遗憾。
28. “If have seen farther than other man, it is because I have stood on the shoulders of giants” (Newton)
“要说我比别人望得远了一点，那是因为我已经站在了 巨人的肩旁上。”（牛顿）
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极少数的表语从句也可以按照汉语的表达习惯，把表 语从句提前。 29. That is why the “know-all” is ridiculous. “万事通”之所以可笑，原因就在于这个地方。 30. That is why she is so happy. 她如此高兴的原因就在这里。
表语从句译法总结：1、在 “that (this) is why”结构中，如先译主句， 后译从句就成了“这就是为什么„„” , “ 这就是为什么„„的原因 （缘 故）”；如先译从句，后译主句，常译为“ „„的原因（理由）就在这里”。 2、在 “that (it) is because„”句型中，常先译主句，后译从句，成为 “这是因为„„”，“这是因为（由于）„„的缘故”。3、在“This is what„”结构中，先主后从就译为“这就是„„的（内容）；若先从后主就 译为“ „„就是这个道理（意思） ”。
• 6. It is quite obvious that the girl still loves you deeply. • －－很明显，这个女孩依然深爱着你。
翻译 HY
• 10.It follows that the Chinese comrades consider Korea’s cause as their own. • －－由此得出，中国同志把朝鲜的事情看成自己 的事情。
翻译 HY
II.宾语从句的译法
• • • • • • 普通句型 以从属连词、连接代词或介词引起的宾语从句汉译时， 词序一般不变。如： I have not made up my mind as to what elective course I am to take next term. －－我还有决定下学期上哪些选修课。 This shows that something unexpected may have turned up. －－这表明可能出现了意外情况。
• 比较上述各句，联系英汉民族思维差异：英语民 族重直线思维，要点先给出，其他信息再一一增 补；汉语民族重曲线思维，先侧面，外围，后点 出信息的重点。因而，英语（前重心）是头短尾 长，汉语是（后重心），头大尾小。
翻译 HY
• C. 有what, whatever, whoever, when, whether等引导出的主语从句通常可按正常语 序译出。如： • 11. What is hard is to do good all one’s life and never do anything bad. • --难得的是一辈子做好事而不做坏事。 • 12. What the students find most difficult in English is its idiomatic usage. • --学生感到， 英语最困难的地方是它的习惯用 法
英汉翻译
20012.9—2013.1
翻译 HY
莫言
• The Nobel Prize in Literature 2012 was awarded to Mo Yan "who with hallucinatory realism merges folk tales, history and the contemporary".
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莫言
• 获奖理由： • “Through a mixture of fantasy and reality, historical and social perspectives, Mo has created a world reminiscent in its complexity of those in the writings of Faulkner and Márquez, at the same time finding a departure point in old Chinese literature and oral tradition” • “借助融合玄幻、现实、历史及社会主元素与一体之手法， 莫言创造成其文学世界，此一世界足堪与福克纳及马尔克 斯媲美，却又因其扎根于中国书面与口头文学之传统而独 具特色。”其实这段话套在苏童、余华、马原、欧阳江河、 柏桦等等很多人脑袋上，大约都没问题。
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• 7. It is quite possible that someday John will come to see you again. • －－总有一天约翰会来找你的，这是很有可能的哦! • 8. It is frequently the case that his car breaks down on the highway. • －－他的车在路上抛锚，这是常有的事儿。
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• 13. Whatever was said t. • －－这里说的每句话都应当保密。
• 14. Who will monitor the class is not decided yet. • －－谁当班长还没决定。
• 15. When her parents will come hasn’t been under consideration. • －－她的父母什么时候到来还没有（纳入）考虑。
• 9. It is a matter of common experience that bodies are lighter in water than they are in air. • －－物体在水中比在空气中轻，这是一种（大家共有 的）常识。
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B. “It +谓语（表语）+that”句型
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• B. 用it 作形势宾语的句子，汉译时，宾语从句可 按原文译出，但it 可省译。 • 21. I leave it to your own judgment whether you should do it. • 我让你自己判断，这件事该不该做。 • 22. I made it clear to the students that they must hand in their assignments before 11 a.m. • 我给学生讲明，他们必须在上午11点前交作业。 • 23. I think it quite true that he ventured out to Shangri-la. • 他又冒险去香格里拉了，我觉得这件事千真万确。
• 2. It could be argued that the radio performs this service just as well; but on television everything is much more living, much more real. • －－可能有人会提出，无线电广播同样能够做到这一 点；但是在电视屏幕上，每个节目都显得更加生动， 更加真实。 • 3. It is well known that alloy is a metal product containing two or more elements. • －－众所周知（大家都知道），合金是一种含有两种 或两种以上元素的金属产品。
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• C.英语中有时为了修辞强调， 把宾语从句置于 主句前，汉译时 也可遵从该修辞效果，顺序译 出。如： • 24. Whether they like it or not, I don’t care. • 他们喜不喜欢，我可不管。
• 25. What they were asked to do in 10 days, they finished in two. • 让他们是天做的事，他们两天就做完了。
• 这样的主语从句句型可处理为: (1) 先把主句的谓语或表语部分译成独 立语，然后顺译出从句；(2) 颠倒原文句子结构，先译出从句，再译 出主句。如： • 4. It is strange that she has failed to see his advantages. • －－真奇怪，她竟然没有看出他的优点。 • 5. It goes without saying that plants cannot grow without sunshine. • －－毋庸置疑，没有阳光，植物就不能生长。
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III. 表语从句的译法
一般情况可以按原文译出。
26. That’s what we should do.
这正是我们的本分 27. The question which worries everyone today is: how long will these fuels last? 今天人人都担心的问题是：这些燃料能维持多久？
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莫言作品大盘点
• 檀香刑》Sandalwood Death,《丰乳肥臀》 Big Breasts & Wide Hips,《酒国》The Republic of Wine,《生死疲劳》Life & Death are Wearing Me Out,《天堂蒜薹之 歌》The Garlic Ballads,《师傅越来越幽默》 Shifu, You’ll Do Anything for a Laugh, 《红 高粱》Red Sorghum。
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• Lei Feng always thought how he could do more for people. • －－雷锋总是想到怎样为人民做更多的事。 • She was never satisfied with what she had achieved. • －－她从不满足于她取得的成就。 • Zhang San replied that he was very sorry. • －－张三回答说，他感到很遗憾。
28. “If have seen farther than other man, it is because I have stood on the shoulders of giants” (Newton)
“要说我比别人望得远了一点，那是因为我已经站在了 巨人的肩旁上。”（牛顿）
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极少数的表语从句也可以按照汉语的表达习惯，把表 语从句提前。 29. That is why the “know-all” is ridiculous. “万事通”之所以可笑，原因就在于这个地方。 30. That is why she is so happy. 她如此高兴的原因就在这里。
表语从句译法总结：1、在 “that (this) is why”结构中，如先译主句， 后译从句就成了“这就是为什么„„” , “ 这就是为什么„„的原因 （缘 故）”；如先译从句，后译主句，常译为“ „„的原因（理由）就在这里”。 2、在 “that (it) is because„”句型中，常先译主句，后译从句，成为 “这是因为„„”，“这是因为（由于）„„的缘故”。3、在“This is what„”结构中，先主后从就译为“这就是„„的（内容）；若先从后主就 译为“ „„就是这个道理（意思） ”。
• 6. It is quite obvious that the girl still loves you deeply. • －－很明显，这个女孩依然深爱着你。
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• 10.It follows that the Chinese comrades consider Korea’s cause as their own. • －－由此得出，中国同志把朝鲜的事情看成自己 的事情。
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II.宾语从句的译法
• • • • • • 普通句型 以从属连词、连接代词或介词引起的宾语从句汉译时， 词序一般不变。如： I have not made up my mind as to what elective course I am to take next term. －－我还有决定下学期上哪些选修课。 This shows that something unexpected may have turned up. －－这表明可能出现了意外情况。
• 比较上述各句，联系英汉民族思维差异：英语民 族重直线思维，要点先给出，其他信息再一一增 补；汉语民族重曲线思维，先侧面，外围，后点 出信息的重点。因而，英语（前重心）是头短尾 长，汉语是（后重心），头大尾小。
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• C. 有what, whatever, whoever, when, whether等引导出的主语从句通常可按正常语 序译出。如： • 11. What is hard is to do good all one’s life and never do anything bad. • --难得的是一辈子做好事而不做坏事。 • 12. What the students find most difficult in English is its idiomatic usage. • --学生感到， 英语最困难的地方是它的习惯用 法
英汉翻译
20012.9—2013.1
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莫言
• The Nobel Prize in Literature 2012 was awarded to Mo Yan "who with hallucinatory realism merges folk tales, history and the contemporary".
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莫言
• 获奖理由： • “Through a mixture of fantasy and reality, historical and social perspectives, Mo has created a world reminiscent in its complexity of those in the writings of Faulkner and Márquez, at the same time finding a departure point in old Chinese literature and oral tradition” • “借助融合玄幻、现实、历史及社会主元素与一体之手法， 莫言创造成其文学世界，此一世界足堪与福克纳及马尔克 斯媲美，却又因其扎根于中国书面与口头文学之传统而独 具特色。”其实这段话套在苏童、余华、马原、欧阳江河、 柏桦等等很多人脑袋上，大约都没问题。
翻译 HY
• 7. It is quite possible that someday John will come to see you again. • －－总有一天约翰会来找你的，这是很有可能的哦! • 8. It is frequently the case that his car breaks down on the highway. • －－他的车在路上抛锚，这是常有的事儿。
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• 13. Whatever was said t. • －－这里说的每句话都应当保密。
• 14. Who will monitor the class is not decided yet. • －－谁当班长还没决定。
• 15. When her parents will come hasn’t been under consideration. • －－她的父母什么时候到来还没有（纳入）考虑。
• 9. It is a matter of common experience that bodies are lighter in water than they are in air. • －－物体在水中比在空气中轻，这是一种（大家共有 的）常识。
翻译 HY
B. “It +谓语（表语）+that”句型
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• B. 用it 作形势宾语的句子，汉译时，宾语从句可 按原文译出，但it 可省译。 • 21. I leave it to your own judgment whether you should do it. • 我让你自己判断，这件事该不该做。 • 22. I made it clear to the students that they must hand in their assignments before 11 a.m. • 我给学生讲明，他们必须在上午11点前交作业。 • 23. I think it quite true that he ventured out to Shangri-la. • 他又冒险去香格里拉了，我觉得这件事千真万确。