翻译四字格

历年中高口译考试笔试阶段的汉译英部分都会出现四字格的翻译，看到四字格有“如临大敌”的感觉，很多同学束手无策，更有很多考生“缴械投降”。

其实不然，汉语中出现的四字格，很多只是为了读起来上口，并没有太深的寓意，我们要做的是抓住四字格要表达的意思，有准确无误的英文表达出来即可，不必追求“精雕细琢”。

考前希望考生们还是把下面的四字格过一遍，做好量的积累。

考场上碰到意思相近的四字格时尽量套用。

（一）并列关系这种四字结构，前后两个词语属于并列关系，我们只要能够将前后两个词语分别译成相应的英语译文，中间用并列连词“and”连接即可。

名山大川famous mountains and great rivers名胜古迹scenic spots and historical sites湖光山色landscape of lakes and hills青山绿水green hills and clear waters奇松怪石strangely-shaped pines and grotesque rock formations平等互利equality and mutual benefit扬长避短play up strengths and avoid weaknesses反腐倡廉fight corruption and build a clean government简政放权streamline administration and institute decentralization集思广益draw on collective wisdom and absorb all useful ideas国泰民安the country flourish and the people live in peace and harmony政通人和the government functions well and people cooperate well国计民生national welfare and the people’s livelihood辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new徇私舞弊bend the law for personal gain and engage in fraud流连忘返linger on with no thought of leaving for home国际局势复杂多变the complex and volatile international situation开拓进取blaze new trails and forge ahead求同存异seek common ground while shelving differences（二）语意重复这种四字结构前后两个词语的语意是一样的，如果前后两个词语都翻译就构成语意重复。

美学视角下英汉翻译中四字格的运用
四字格是指由四个字组成的词语或句子，这种短小精悍的表达方式在英汉翻译中常被运用。

从美学角度讲，四字格表达简洁，语言平衡，节奏感强，容易产生韵律美和节奏感。

英汉翻译中，四字格常用于诗歌、歇后语、谚语、警语和广告语等文体中。

比如：
1. 英文四字格：Time is money.（时间就是金钱。

）
汉语四字格：时间就是金钱。

2. 英文四字格：all is fair in love and war.（爱情与战争没有规矩。

）
汉语四字格：爱情战争，无规矩。

3. 英文四字格：Easier said than done.（说起来容易做起来难。

）
汉语四字格：言之易，行之难。

4. 英文四字格：Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.（情人眼里
出西施。

）
汉语四字格：情人眼里出西施。

以上几个例子都是采用四字格表达的英汉翻译，能够更好地保留源语言特点，传达出源语言的韵味和节奏感。

因此，四字格的使用在英汉翻译中很常见。

上海英语高考四字格翻译练习Practice 1Phrase Translation1.效果显著remarkable effect2.立竿见影get instant/immediate results3.节奏明快lively melody/ rhythm4.风格诙谐humorous style5.干干净净clean6.空无一人empty7.五颜六色colorful8.人山人海crowded and bustling9.百年老店century-old shop10.以人为本people-oriented11.顾客为本customer-oriented/customer-focused12.每家每户every household13.阵阵笑声bursts of laughter 14.疏于管理be neglected in management15.引发轰动cause/create a hit/stir16.急需改善be in need of improvement17.展品积灰the exhibits are dusty- dustyexhibits18.门厅冷清hall is deserted - deserted hall19.重中之重make it a priority20.雷打不动make it a rule21.遨游宇宙travel in the space22.转危为安turn the crisis into safety23.再创辉煌to create glory again24.一片欢腾burst into cheers25.换位思考put oneself in others’ shoes26.趁热打铁strike the iron while it’s hotPractice 2 Sentence TranslationI. Adjective translation 形容词翻译1. 羽毛球馆空无一人，怎么灯还亮着？（how come）（2021年1月）The badminton hall is empty, and how come all lights are on?2. 为了让妈妈好好休息，小王把水槽和厨具洗得干干净净。

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