30个中国特色表达的官方翻译

中国特色话语对外翻译术语库
中国梦：Chinese Dream
新时代：New Era
两个一百年奋斗目标：Two Centenary Goals
五位一体总体布局：Five-sphere Integrated Plan
创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的新发展理念：New Development Philosophy of Innovation, Coordination, Green, Openness and Sharing
供给侧结构性改革：Supply-side Structural Reform
美丽中国：Beautiful China
创新驱动发展战略：Innovation-driven Development Strategy
人类命运共同体：Community with a Shared Future for Mankind
一带一路：Belt and Road Initiative
乡村振兴战略：Rural Revitalization Strategy
改革开放：Reform and Opening-up
中国制造2025：Made in China 2025
绿水青山就是金山银山：Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets.
三农问题：Issues related to agriculture, countryside and farmers
大众创业、万众创新：Mass Entrepreneurship and Innovation
社会主义核心价值观：Core Socialist Values
中华优秀传统文化：Excellent Traditional Chinese Culture。

中国特色词汇（汉英对照）经常使用的中国特色词汇和谐社会harmonious society解放思想、实事求是emancipate the mind, seek truth from facts勇于变革、勇于创新to make bold changes and innovations 永不僵化、永不停滞to stay away from rigidity or stagnation 不为任何风险所惧to fear no risks不被任何干扰所惑never be confused by any interference科学发展观Scientific Outlook on Development正确处理改革发展和稳定的关系to balance reform, development and stability 高度集中的计划经济highly centralized planned economy充满活力的社会主义市场经济robust socialist market economy 封闭或半封闭的国家closed or semi-closed state改革开放符合党心民心、顺应时代潮流。

Reform and opening up accord with the aspirations of the Party membership and the people and keep up with the trend of the times.改革开放方向和道路是完全正确的，成效和功绩不容否定，停顿和倒退没有出路。

The path of reforms and opening up are entirely correct, and their merits and achievements can never be negated. T o stop or reverse reforms and opening-up would only lead to a blind alley.以邓小平理论和“****”重要思想为指导to follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the thought of Three Represents 新时期最突出的标志是与时俱进。

中国“特色”词汇汉译英系列? 台湾同胞Taiwan compatriots? 台湾、香港、澳门保持原有的资本主义制度和生活方式长期不变Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao will retain the current capitalist system and way of life for a long time to come.? 炭疽anthrax ? 踢皮球pass the buck? 逃避银行债务evasion of repayment of bank loans? 韬光养晦hide one’s capacities and bide one’s time ? 讨价还价wheel and deal? 统筹兼顾make overall plans adn take all factors into consideration; overall planning and all-round consideration ? 同乡会an association of fellow provincials or townsmen? 筒子楼tube-shaped apartment ? 团队精神team spirit; esprit de corps? 团结就是力量Unity is strength. ? 退耕还林还草grain for green? 退耕还林还牧convert the land for forestry and pasture? 鸵鸟政策ostrich policy; ostrichism? 脱贫致富“cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity“? 拖欠工资arrears of wage ? 西部大开发Western Development? 西电东送transmit the electricity from the western areas to East China; West-East electricity transmission project ? 西电东送transmission of electricity from the western to the eastern region? 洗礼baptism? 西气东输transmit the natural gas from the western areas to East China; West-East natural gas transmission project ? 洗钱money laundering ? 希望工程Hope Project? 《西厢记》The Romance of West Chamber ? 《西行漫记》Red Star over China? 夕阳产业sunset industry ? 西洋景Peep Show? 喜忧参半mingled hope and fear ? 《西游记》Pilgrimage to the West; Journey to the West? 下放权力给delegating the management of ... (to ...)? 下岗职工laid-off workers? 下岗职工基本生活费subsistence allowances for laid-off workers? 下海plunge into the commercial sea? 现代企业制度modern enterprise system; modern corporate system? 先发制人战略pre-emptive strategy ? 县级市county-level city? 先入为主First impressions are firmly entrenched.? 先下手为强catch the ball before the bound? 香港明天更好基金会Better Hong Kong Foundation? 香港特别行政区Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(HKSAR)? 向钱看“mammonism, put money above all“? 像热锅上的蚂蚁like an ant on a hot pan? 乡统筹,村提留fees paid by farmers for overall township planning and village reserve? 小而全small and all-inclusive? 小金库a private coffer? 小康a comfortable level of living; a better-off life; moderate prosperity? 小康之家well-off family; comfortably-off family? 效率优先,兼顾公平give priority to efficiency with due consideration to fairness? 校训school motto ? 宵夜 a stoke of midnight? 效益工资achievements-related wages; wages based on benefits? 邪恶轴心axis of evil ? 邪教heathendom? 斜拉索桥stayed-cable bridge ? 写真集photo album? 信得过产品trustworthy product? 新的经济增长点new point for/ sources of economic growth? 新干线“the Shinkansen, bullet train“? 新官上任三把火 a new broom sweeps clean? 心理素质psychological quality ? 信息高速公路information superhighway? 心想事成May all your wish come true ? 新新人类New Human Being；X Generation? 形成全方位、多层次、宽领域的开放格局form an all-directional, multi-layered and wide-ranging opening pattern ? 形而上学metaphysics ? 性价比cost performance? 形式主义formalism ? 形象小姐/先生image representative of a product or a brand? 虚开增值税发票write false value added tax invoices? 许可证制度license granting mechanisms? 虚心使人进步,骄傲使人落后Modesty helps one go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.? 悬而未决的问题outstanding question ? 选美beauty contest? 学而优则仕(a Confucian slogan for education) a good scholar can become an official; he who excels in study can follow an official career? 学历教育education with record of formal schooling? 学生减负alleviate the burden on students? 亚太经济合作组织APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)? 亚洲金融危机financial crisis in Asia ? 严打措施“Strike-Hard““drive “? 严打斗争“Strike-Hard Operation, campaign to crack down relentlessly on criminal activities“? 沿海经济开发区open coastal economic area? 眼前利益服从长远利益,局部利益服从整体利益,个人和集体利益服从国家利益subordinate immediate interests to long-term interests, partial interests to overall interests and the interests of individuals and collectives to those of the state ? 言情小说romantic fiction; sentimental novel? 严以律己,宽以待人be strict with oneself and lenient towards others? 阳春（最经济方式）no-frills ? 羊肉串小摊barbecue stall? 洋务运动Westernization Movement ? 摇钱树cash cow? 摇头丸dancing outreach? 以产定人,减员增效employ workers in accordance with production needs and increase efficiency while reducing the staff? 一次性筷子throwaway chopsticks ? 一次性用品disposable goods? 一刀切cut it even at one stroke--make it rigidly uniform; impose uniformity in all cases; allow no flexibility? 移动通讯mobile communication? 依法治国manage state affairs according to law; run state affairs according to law? 以法治国，以德治国to govern the country with law and moral? 一帆风顺Wishing you every success ? 一方有难,八方支援When disaster struck, help came from all sides.? 一个中心,两个基本点one central task, two basic points? 以公有制为主体，多种经济成分共同发展the pattern with the public sector remaining dominant and diverse sectors of the economy developing side by side? 一国两制“One country, two systems“? 义和团运动Boxer Uprising? 以经济建设为中心focusing on the central task of economic construction? 一揽子(计划) one-package (plan) ? 一切向钱看money-oriented? 以权谋私abuse of power for personal gains? 以人为本people oriented; people foremost? 以上海浦东开发开放为龙头,进一步开放长江沿岸城市open more cities along the Yangtze River, while concentrating on the development and opening of the Pudong Area of Shanghai? 一手抓物质文明，一手抓精神文明；一手抓经济建设，一手抓民主法制；一手抓改革开放，一手抓打击犯罪惩治腐败We must always work for material progress and at the same time for cultural and ethical progress; We should develop the economy and at the same time strengthen democracy and the legal system; We should promote reform and opening to the outside world and at the same time fight crime and punish corruption.? 义演benefit performance; charity performance? 以眼还眼,以牙还牙an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth? 一言既出，驷马难追A real man never goes back on his words.? 以质量求生存、求发展、求效益“strive for survival, development and efficiency on the basis of quality“? 以质量求发展strategy of development through quality; win the market with quality products? 硬道理“absolute principle, top priority“? 英雄所见略同Great minds think alike.? 营养不良malnutrition? 有法可依,有法必依,执法必严,违法必究There must be laws to go by, the laws must be observed and strictly enforced, and lawbreakers must be prosecuted.? 有个奔头have something to look forward to; have somehthing to expect? 忧患意识awareness of unexpected development; being prepared for unexpected development; being prepared for any eventualities? 优化资源配置optimize the allocation of resources? 优化组合optimization grouping; optional regrouping? 有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律“with lofty ideals, integrety, knowledge and a strong sense of discipline“? 有理,有利,有节on just grounds, to one’s advantage and with restraint；with good reason, with advantage and with restraint? 有钱能使鬼推磨Money makes the mare go. Money talks.? 有情人终成眷属“Jack shall have Jill, all shall be well.“? 优胜劣汰survival of the fittest? 优势互补(of two countries or companies) have complementary advantages? 有识之士people of vision? 有缘千里来相会Separated as we are thousands of miles apart, we come together as if by predestination.? 有中国特色的社会主义道路road of socialism with Chinese characteristics? 有中国特色的社会主义民主政治 a socilalist democracy with Chinese characteristics? 鹬蚌相争，渔人得利“when the snip and the calm grapple, it is the fisherman who stands to benefit; two dogs strive for a bone, and a third runs away with it“? 预防为主,谁污染谁治理和强化环境管理三大政策three major principles for environment control: to put prevention first, to hold those who cause pollution responsible for cleaning up and to improve environmental protection and management ? 与国际惯例接轨become compatible with internationally accepted practices? 与国际市场接轨integrate with the world market; become integrated into the global market? 欲穷千里目，更上一层楼“to ascend another storey to see a thousand miles further; Ascend further, were you to look farther; Would eye embrace a thousand miles? Go up, one flight.“? 与时俱进advance with the times? 冤假错案“cases in which people were unjustly, falsely or wrongly charged or sentenced; unjust, false or wrong cases”? 冤家宜解不宜结Better make friends than make enemies.? 援藏干部cadres sent to support/aid Tibet? 在孵（孵化器）企业incubated enterprises (incubator)? 在建项目后续资金additional funding for projects under construction? 再就业服务中心re-employment service center? 再就业工程re-employment project / program? 宰（客）to swindle money out of our customers? 灾民flood victims; flood-stricken people ? 宰人rip off? 造假帐falsified accounts ? 早恋puppy love? 增强人民体质build up people’s health ? 增值税value added tax(V A T)? 债台高筑become debt-ridden ? 战斧式巡航导弹Tomahawk cruise missile? 占着茅坑不拉屎be a dog in the manger ? 涨落线advance balance line? 掌上电脑palm pilot ? 招财进宝Money and treasures will be plentiful? 招商引资attract/bid for/invite investments (from overseas)? 招生就业指导办公室enrolment and vocation guidance office? 真善美the true, the good and the beautiful; truth, good and beauty? 振兴经济revitalize the economy? 振兴中华make China powerful and strong; revitalize the Chinese nation? 震源focus (of an earthquake), seismic origin ? 震中epicenter? 政府采购government procurement? 政府搭台，部门推动，企业唱戏“Governments set up the stage, various departments cooperate and enterprise put in the show. “? 正气uprightness; integrity; probity; rectitude? 政企分开separate government functions from enterprise management? 政治合格，军事过硬，作风优良，纪律严明，保障有力“be qualified politically and competent militarily, have a fine style of work, maintain strict discipline and be assured of adequate logistical support“? 政治协商、民主监督、参政议政exercise political consultation and democratic supervision and participate in deliberating and administration of state affairs? 纸包不住火Truth will come to light sooner or later.? 知己知彼,百战不殆Know the enemy and know yourself, and you can fight a hundred battles with no danger of defeat.? 直接道歉a straight-out apology? 直接三通与双向交流three direct links (mail, air and shipping services and trade) and bilateral exchanges? 智力引进recruit / introduce (foreign) talents ? 智囊团、思想库the brain trust；think tank? 职能转换transformation of functions ? 知识经济knowledge-based economy? 知识经济knowledge economy , knowledge-base economy? 知识就是力量Knowledge is power. ? 知识密集knowledge-intensive? 职务发明on-duty invention ? 职务犯罪crime by taking advantage of duty? 植物人human vegetable; vegetable ? 直销direct marketing; door-to-door sale? 支柱产业pillar / cornerstone industry ? 中国电信China Telecom? 中国联通公司China Unicom ? 中国移动通信公司China Mobile? 中国证监会China’s Securities Regulatory Commission? 中国证券监督管理委员会China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC)? 重合同、守信用的原则the principle of equality and mutual benefit and “honoring contracts adn standing by reputation“? 重合同,守信用abide by contracts and keep one’s words; honor credit and promise? 中华世纪坛China Millennium Monument? 《中美三个联合公报》The Three Sino-US Joint Communiqué? 中美战略核武器互不瞄准对方non-targeting strategic nuclear weapons against each other? 中山装Chinese tunic suit ? 中央领导集体central collective leadership? 中药traditional Chinese medicine ? 珠穆朗玛峰Mount Qomolangma? 抓住机遇,深化改革,扩大开放,促进发展,保持稳定seize the current opportunity, deepen the reform, open China wider to the outside world, promote development and maintain stability? 抓住机遇seize the opportunity ? 转轨transfer to a different track; retracking? 专利产品，仿冒必究patented product(s), counterfeiting not allowed? 专卖店exclusive agency; franchised store ? 专门人才professional personnel; special talents? 专升本upgrade from junior college student to university student; students with the diploma of junior college try to obtain the undergraduate diplomat through self-taught study? 转世灵童reincarnated soul boy ? 自学成才become well-educated through self-study? 自由职业者free lance? 自主经营,自负盈亏make one’s own management decisions and take full responsibility for one’s own profits and losses? 自作自受stew in one’s own juice ? 综合国力comprehensive national strength? 综艺节目variety show ? 走过场go through the motions? 走后门get in by the back door ? 走上良性发展的轨道going on the track of sound progress ? 走穴“(actors, singers, etc.) perform for outside salary income without approval by the unit they belong to “? 阻碍司法obstruction of justice ? 祖国和平统一大业peaceful reunification of the motherland ? 做假帐salt a false account ? 左倾pinko? 坐视不管sit idle? 左右为难between the devil and the deep blue sea; between the rock and the hard place汉语时事词语英译保税区bonded area 不正当竞争illicit competition承包责任制contract responsibility system 城市旧区改造makeover for an old downtown area出国热craze of going abroad传呼电话neighbourhood telephone answering services打“白条”issue an IOU 道德法庭conscience forum德智体美全面发展develop morally, intellectually, physically and aesthetically第二职业second employment; second occupation 第三产业tertiary industry“第三者”the other person 第三梯队third echelon对内搞活，对外开放enliven the domestic economy and open up to the outside world多种经营diversified economy 港人治港Hong Kong people govern Hong Kong高架道路viaduct; elevated highways 搞活经济invigorate /enliven / liberalize the economy感情投资invest in human relations 改革开放reform and open up (to the outside world)改善投资环境improve the investment climate 公款吃喝banquet at public expenses官倒official profiteering; official racketeering 国民生产总值翻两番quadruple the GNP合资企业joint venture 和平统一peaceful reunification横向经济联系lateral economic ties 户籍制度household registration system婚外恋affair(e); extramarital affair(e) 婚外性生活sex out of wedlock婚姻介绍所amtrimonial agency; matchmaking agency; marriage bureau基本国策basic state policy 计划生育family planning假冒伪劣商品fake or inferior quality commodity 精神文明intellectual and ideological development经济开发区economic development zone 经济特区special economic zone九年义务教育nine-year compulsory education 举报中心corruption-reporting centre“空嫂”married air hostess 廉政建设construction of a clean government留守男士grass widower 留守女士grass widow乱涨价unauthorized price rise民工out-of-town labourer; rural labourer; migrant labourer农转非agricultural people to be given non-agricultural status“扒分”moonlight 攀比风craze to vie with each other“妻管严”hen-pecked husband 抢购风panic buying; buying spree拳头产品hit product 权利下放delegate / decentralize power to the lower levels 人才流失brain drain 人才市场careers fair人浮于事overstaffed 三角债debt chains扫黄运动anti-porn drive 商品房condo(minimu)社会风气social morality 社会风尚social graces; social graciousness涉外婚姻Chinese marriage with foreign nationals “跳槽”job-hop退居二线leave the leading post; retire from the leading post拖欠教师工资suspend teachers' salaries; holdback teachers' salaries晚婚晚育late marriage and postponement of childbearing歪风邪气evil winds 外向型经济export-oriented economy五好家庭five-virtue family五讲四美三热爱five advocations, four points of beauty and three aspects of love物质文明material progress 下岗人员redundant; laid-off“下海”risk one's fortune in doing business小康水平comfortably-off life; well-to-do level 小商品市场smalls fair香港特别行政区Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(HKSAR)乡政企业township enterprise; rural enterprise信息高速公路information (super) highway; info highway性骚扰sexual harrassment; sexual disturbance姓社姓资问题distinction of what is socialism and what is capitalism学科带头人academic pacesetter; academic pacemaker一刀切sweeping approach 一对夫妇只生一个孩子one couple, one child一国两制one country, two systems一切向钱看money-mania; money-mad; put money above anything else“一条龙”服务coordinated-process service 以权谋私abuse power for personal gains移风易俗transform outmoded habit and custom 优化产业结构modify the industrial structure优化劳动组合optimize the organization of labour 优惠政策preferential policy与国际接轨gear…to international conventions 越江隧道cross-river tunnel择优录取admit / hire the best examinee / candidate / aplicant政企分开separate government functions from enterprise management执法监督部门law-enforcing departments and supervisory institutions植物人vegetable 中国国情China's actual conditions重合同守信用ovserve contracts and keep promises 住房按揭housing mortgage转亏为盈turn loss into gain 自筹资金self-raised funds自费留学生self-funded / self-financed student studying abroad自负盈亏be responsible for one's own profit and loss走共同致富的道路take the road to common prosperity综合国力the overall national strength尊师重教show respect to teachers and attach great importance to education尊重知识、尊重人才respect knowledge and intellectuals遵纪守法observe discipline and abide by the law汉英口译分类词汇之四----政治政府词汇按保护价敞开收购粮食的政策a policy of purchasing grain without limitations at protective prices把处理事与处理人结合起来integrate the handling of cases with the handling of violators把有限的资金用在“刀刃上”use our limited funds where they can be put to best use保持经济适度快速增长maintain an appropriate rapid economic growth保监会the China Insurance Regulatory Commission保证国家的长治久安guarantee China’s long-term stability保证社会公共需要guarantee social needs保证这些项目如期建成并发挥效益ensure that these projects are completed according to schedule and yield economic returns 避免形成倒逼机制、欲罢不能The uncompleted projects cannot drag on and on and require excessive investment.不合法、不合理基金和收费项目illegal and unjustifiable funds and charges不会导致货币过量发行without causing overissue of currency不进则退no progress simply means regression不良贷款non- performing loans不能搞赤字预算cannot leave a deficit in their budgets不再经商no longer engage in trade财政偿还能力our ability to service debt财政的承受能力financial capacity财政监督条例the Regulations on Financial Supervision财政日子将更加难过We will be in financial straits.财政收入占国内生产总值的比重the ratio of revenue to GDP财政收支基本平衡的原则a principle of maintaining a basic balance between revenue and expenditures财政资金申请、立项、拨付、使用效果等各个环节的监督supervision over the whole process of fund allocation from application, project determination and actual allocation to returns on investment拆迁补偿费compensation for demolition产权划转和产权变动the transfer of and changes in property rights of enterprises产销衔接状况the ratio of sales to production产业升级upgrade industries长江流域的生态掩体an ecological shelter along the Yangtze River Valley长江三峡和黄河小浪底水利枢纽工程the key water projects at the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River and at Xiaolangdi on the Yellow River长期国债long-term government bonds 常务委员Standing Committee member车辆购置税暂行条例the Interim Regulations on the Tax on Vehicle Purchases成长型企业市场（指二板市场）growing enterprise market (GEM)城乡电网改造projects for upgrading urban and rural power grids城镇登记失业率registered unemployment rate in cities and towns城镇社会保障体系urban social security system城镇职工医疗保险制度改革medical insurance for urban workers城镇住房制度改革reform of the urban housing system出口经营权由审批制向登记备案制过渡the transition from an examination and approval system to a registration and recording system for the right to engage in export出口配额export quotas 传统产业conventional industries创新体系an innovation system 垂直管理vertical management从源头上、制度上堵塞漏洞plug up loopholes in terms of their sources and systems促进公平分配promote fair distribution of social wealth村村通广播电视工程project “extend radio and TV coverage to every village”存款准备金reserves against deposit大部分科技力量游离于企业和市场之外a majority of scientific personnel being divorced from enterprises and the market 大力推进粮食流通体制改革step up our efforts to promote the reform of the grain distribution system大面积多光区光纤光谱天文望远镜a large sky area multi-object fiber-spectroscopy telescope贷款质量5级分类办法five-category assets classification for bank loans邓小平理论Deng Xiaoping Theory 低水平重复建设low-level redundant development滴灌、喷灌drip irrigation and spray irrigation 抵抗全球经济衰退to combat the global economic slump 地方性中小金融机构存款保险制度a deposit insurance system for local small and medium-sized financial institutions 电视会议televised meeting 调控宏观经济运行regulate operation of the macroeconomy 调整出口退税adjustments in the level of export tax rebates调整投资结构和经济结构the restructuring of investment and the economy堵塞漏洞plug up loopholes对卷烟全面推行核定计税价格征收消费税办法fully levy a sales tax on cigarettes on the basis of an authorized tax valuation 对人民高度负责的态度maintain a high sense of responsibility对中西部地区适当倾斜appropriately directed to the central and western areas of the country夺取了抗洪抢险的伟大胜利achieve great victory in the fight against floods发挥出最大的效益produce the best possible results发挥最大的使用效益yield the greatest returns on investment反对铺张浪费combat extravagance and waste防范和化解金融风险guard against and defuse financial risks防范金融风险能力ability to guard against financial risks防止“重点支出重点浪费”prevent “more waste in more expenditures”非办不可的大事important tasks which must be accomplished非国有工业企业non-state industrial enterprises非银行金融机构non-bank financial institutions 费改税改革tax-for-fees reform分配货币化distribution of money 分税制度财政体制the revenue-sharing system风险防范机制a risk prevention mechanism服从全局、服务全局be subordinated to and serve the overall interests of the country复杂多变的国内经济环境complicated and volatile economic environment both at home and abroad改革价格形成机制reform the price formation mechanism干堤的修复加固任务the task of repairing and reinforcing the main dikes干法旋窑水泥dry-process rotary kilns敢抓敢管、不讲情面have the courage to bear their responsibilities and exercise management no matter what others might think 高等教育“211工程”the “211”Project for higher education高技术产业发展规划plans for the development of high-tech industries高技术产业化apply high technology to production高技术产业化示范工程high-tech model projects to demonstrate their commercial viability高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，全面贯彻''三个代表''重要思想hold high the banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and carry out the important thoughts of ''Three Represents''高清晰度电视功能样机functional prototype of high definition TV个人所得税法the Law on Personal Income Tax 个体经济、私营经济self-employed and private businesses 各地区经济发展的客观需要the needs of the economic development of different regions各级各类教育all forms of education at all levels各种“小金库”屡禁不止failures to prohibit unauthorized departmental coffers repeatedly各种偷税、骗税和逃税行为all acts of tax evasion and tax fraud 工程监理制project supervision system 工程质量事故accidents resulting from poor quality of projects工业增加值industrial added value 公开市场操作open-market operations共建、调整、合作、合并 a program of joint development, adjustment, cooperation and mergers购买力purchasing power 鼓励兼并encourage mergers关心群众疾苦help alleviate their hardships 规范管理standardized administration规范化的财政管理standardized financial management 规范破产standardize bankruptcy procedures规范税制standardize the tax system 国际公认internationally recognized国际通行的吸引外资方式internationally accepted methods of absorbing foreign investment国家财政包揽过多The state finance takes on too much financial burden.国家发展计划委员会the State Development Planning Commission国家确定的重点领域投资investment in the key areas designated by the state国家税源的大量流失great loss of state revenue国家重点科研项目national key scientific research projects国库券treasury bonds 国民经济各方面all sectors of the national economy国民生产总值gross national product (GNP)国内短缺原材料和资源性产品raw and semi-finished materials and resource products which are in short supply in China 国有独资商业银行wholly state-funded commercial bank国有企业改革reform of state-owned enterprises国有企业和集体企业资本金统计报告制度a system for reporting statistics on the capital funds of state-owned and collectively-owned enterprises国有企业重组regroup SOEs国有商业银行一级法人管理management of the state-owned commercial banks with only their head offices as their legal persons国有资产管理、监督和营运机制management, supervision and operation of state-owned assets国有资源有偿使用paid use of state-owned resources国债资金the capital obtained from issuance of government bonds过剩的生产能力excessive production capacity 海峡两岸关系cross-Strait relations合同管理制contract management system 黑市交易black market transaction in foreign exchanges 很多上海企业涌向西部，掀起了去西部的淘金热。

中国特色词汇翻译1. 元宵节：Lantern Festival2. 刺绣：embroidery3. 重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival4. 清明节：Tomb sweeping day5. 剪纸：Paper Cutting6. 书法：Calligraphy7. 对联：(Spring Festival) Couplets8. 象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters9. 人才流动：Brain Drain/Brain Flow10. 四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle11. 战国：Warring States12. 风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen13. 铁饭碗：Iron Bowl14. 函授部：The Correspondence Department15. 集体舞：Group Dance16. 黄土高原：Loess Plateau17. 红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals18. 中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day19. 结婚证：Marriage Certificate20. 儒家文化：Confucian Culture21. 附属学校：Affiliated school22. 古装片：Costume Drama23. 武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie24. 元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup)25. 一国两制：One Country, Two Systems26. 火锅：Hot Pot27. 四人帮：Gang of Four28. 《诗经》：The Book of Songs29. 素质教育：Essential-qualities-oriented Education30. 《史记》：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian31. 大跃进：Great Leap Forward (Movement)32. 《西游记》：The Journey to the West33. 除夕：Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival34. 针灸：Acupuncture35. 唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/The Tang Tri-colored pott ery36. 中国特色的社会主义：Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese c haracteristics37. 偏旁：radical38. 孟子：Mencius39. 亭/阁：Pavilion/ Attic40. 大中型国有企业：Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises41. 火药：gunpowder42. 农历：Lunar Calendar43. 印/玺：Seal/Stamp44. 物质精神文明建设：The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization45. 京剧：Beijing Opera/Peking Opera46. 秦腔：Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera47. 太极拳：Tai Chi48. 独生子女证：The Certificate of One-child49. 天坛：Altar of Heaven in Beijing50. 小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand51. 红双喜：Double Happiness52. 政治辅导员：Political Counselor/School Counselor53. 春卷：Spring Roll(s)54. 莲藕：Lotus Root55. 追星族：Star Struck56. 故宫博物院：The Palace Museum57. 相声：Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue58. 下岗：Lay off/Laid off59. 北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck60. 高等自学考试：Self-taught Examination of Higher Education61. 烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker62. 敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves63. 电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit64. 香港澳门同胞：Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao65. 文化大革命：Cultural Revolution66. 长江中下游地区：The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River67. 门当户对：Perfect Match/Exact Match68. 《水浒》：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh69. 中外合资企业：Joint Ventures70. 文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）："The Four Treasure of the Study" "Brush, Inkstic k, Paper, and Inkstone",[ 此帖被elaine在2010-05-14 08:28重新编辑]。

宣纸rice paper衙门yamen叩头kowtow孔子Confucius牌楼pailou；pai-loo武术wushu（Chinese Martial Arts）功夫kungfu ；kung fu中庸the way of medium （cf. Golden Means）中和harmony (zhonghe)孝顺to show filial obedience孝子dutiful son家长family head三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son, husband guides wife五常：仁、义、理、智、信five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity八股文eight-legged essays多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one's old ageThe 24 Solar Terms:立春Spring begins.雨水The rains.惊蛰Insects awaken.春分Vernal Equinox清明Clear and bright.谷雨Grain rain.立夏Summer begins.小满Grain buds.芒种Grain in ear.夏至Summer solstice.小暑Slight heat.大暑Great heat.立秋Autumn begins.处暑Stopping the heat.白露White dews.秋分Autumn Equinox.寒露Cold dews.霜降Hoar-frost falls.立冬Winter begins.小雪Light snow.大雪Heavy snow.冬至Winter Solstice.小寒Slight cold.大寒Great cold戏剧表演Theatrical Performances京剧人物脸谱types of facial makeup in Beijing opera 生male characters末middle-aged male characters净“painted face” characters旦female characters丑clown京剧票友amateur performer of Peking Opera木偶戏puppet show独角戏monodrama; one-man play皮影戏shadow play; leather-silhouette show折子戏opera highlights戏剧小品skit哑剧dumb show; mime; mummery; pantomime单口相声monologue comic talk双口相声witty dialogue口技vocal imitations; ventriloquisim说书monologue story-telling杂技acrobatic performance叠罗汉making a human pyramid特技stunt踩高跷stilt walk马戏circus performances神化人物Mythological Figures八仙the Eight Immortals嫦娥Chang’e (the Chinese moon godd ess)伏羲Fu Xi (God of Fishery and Husbandry)福禄寿三星the three gods of fortune, prosperity and longevity共工God of Water后羿Houyi (a legendary hero who shot down nine suns)黄帝Yellow Emperor夸父Kuafu (a fabled sun-chasing giant)女娲Goddess of Sky-patching盘古Pan Gu (creator of the universe)神农Patron of Agriculture禹Yu (the reputed founder of the Xia Dynasty)祝融God of Fire古代建筑Ancient Architecture塔pagoda琉璃塔glazed stupa舍利塔dagoba; sarira stupa (a pagoda for Buddhist relics)舍利子sarira remains from cremation of Buddha’s or saints’ body 喇嘛塔Lamaist pagoda楼storied buildings钟楼bell tower鼓楼drum tower阁pavilion烽火台beacon tower华表ornamental column牌坊memorial archway艺术及工艺Arts and Crafts版画engraving贝雕画shell carving picture彩塑painted sculpture瓷器porcelain; china刺绣embroidery雕刻carving宫灯palace lantern国画Chinese painting剪纸paper-cut景德镇瓷Jingdezhen porcelain景泰蓝cloisonné enamel蜡染batik麦秸画straw patchwork木/石/竹刻wood/stone/bamboo carving木刻画wood engraving泥人儿clay figure皮影shadow puppet漆画lacquer painting漆器lacquerware双面绣two-sided embroidery水墨画Chinese brush drawing; ink and wash painting檀香扇sandalwood fan唐三彩Tang tri-coloured pottery陶器pottery; earthenware图章seal拓碑making rubbings from inscriptions, pictures, etc. on stone tablets拓片rubbing微雕miniature engraving象牙雕刻ivory carving宜兴陶Yixing pottery篆刻sealcutting中国特色词汇及其英译作者：未知文章来源：转载点击数：1300 时间：2010-12-29 18:33:50一、前言英语从它传入中国的第一天开始就发挥着强大的交流作用，同时也开始了在中国发展的过程。

1. 元宵节：Lantern Festival2. 刺绣：embroidery3. 重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival4. 清明节：Tomb sweeping day5. 剪纸：Paper Cutting6. 书法：Calligraphy7. 对联：(Spring Festival) Couplets8. 象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters9. 人才流动：Brain Drain/Brain Flow10. 四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle11. 战国：Warring States12. 风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen13. 铁饭碗：Iron Bowl14. 函授部：The Correspondence Department15. 集体舞：Group Dance16. 黄土高原：Loess Plateau17. 红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals18. 中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day19. 结婚证：Marriage Certificate20. 儒家文化：Confucian Culture21. 附属学校：Affiliated school22. 古装片：Costume Drama23. 武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie24. 元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup)25. 一国两制：One Country, Two Systems26. 火锅：Hot Pot27. 四人帮：Gang of Four28. 《诗经》：The Book of Songs29. 素质教育：Essential-qualities-oriented Education30. 《史记》：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian31. 大跃进：Great Leap Forward (Movement)32. 《西游记》：The Journey to the West33. 除夕：Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival34. 针灸：Acupuncture35. 唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery 36. 中国特色的社会主义：Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics37. 偏旁：radical38. 孟子：Mencius39. 亭/阁：Pavilion/ Attic40. 大中型国有企业：Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises41. 火药：gunpowder42. 农历：Lunar Calendar43. 印/玺：Seal/Stamp44. 物质精神文明建设：The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization45. 京剧：Peking Opera46. 秦腔：Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera47. 太极拳：Tai Chi48. 独生子女证：The Certificate ofOne-child49. 天坛：Altar of Heaven in Beijing50. 小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand51. 红双喜：Double Happiness52. 政治辅导员：Political Counselor/School Counselor53. 春卷：Spring Roll(s)54. 莲藕：Lotus Root55. 追星族：Star Struck56. 故宫博物院：The Palace Museum57. 相声：Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue58. 下岗：Lay off/Laid off59. 北京烤鸭：Peking Roast Duck60. 高等自学考试：Self-taught Examination of Higher Education61. 烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker62. 敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves63. 电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit64. 香港澳门同胞：Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao65. 文化大革命：Cultural Revolution66. 长江中下游地区：The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River67. 门当户对：Perfect Match/Exact Match68. 《水浒》：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh69. 中外合资企业：Joint Ventures70. 文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）："The Four Treasure of the Study" "Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone",。

中国特色语言词组对应翻译按照客观规律和科学规律办事act in compliance with objective and scientific laws八个坚持、八个反对eight do’s and eight don’ts八项主张eight-point proposal保持昂扬向上的精神状态be filled with an enterprising spirit保证中央的政令畅通ensure the Central Committee’s decisions are carried out without fail标本兼治address both the symptoms and root causes不确定因素uncertainties参政议政participation in and deliberation of state affairs长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, treating each other with all sincerity and sharing weal and woe长治久安maintain prolonged stability长治久安maintain prolonged stability崇尚科学respect and promote science传播先进文化spread advanced culture传统安全威胁traditional threats to security从严治军the army must be strict with itself党的领导方式the Party’s style of leadership党的民族政策the Party’s policy toward ethnic minorities党的侨务政策the Party’s policy toward overseas Chinese affairs党的宗教信仰自由政策the Party’s policy toward the freedom of religious belief党风廉政建设责任制responsibility system for improving the Party’s work style and building clean government党内情况通报制度、情况反映制度和重大决策征求意见制度inner-Party information sharing and reporting systems and the system of soliciting opinions concerning major policy decisions党要管党、从严治党the Party exercises self-discipline and is strict with its members党员管理工作management of Party membership党政机关Party and government organs党政领导干部职务任期制、辞职制和用人失察失误责任追究制the system of fixed tenures, the system of resignation and the system of accountability for neglect of supervisory duty or the use of the wrong person with regard to leading cadres of the Party and government党总揽全局、协调各方的原则principle that the Party commands the overall situation and coordinates the efforts of all quarters电子政务e-government独立负责、步调一致地开展工作assume one’s responsibilities independently and make concerted efforts in one’s work独立公正地行使审判权和检察权exercise adjudicative and procuratorial powers independently and impartially多重多头执法duplicate law enforcement多重多头执法duplicate law enforcement发展民主团结、生动活泼、安定和谐的政治局面develop the political situation characterized by democracy, solidarity, liveliness, stability and harmony发展平等团结互助的社会主义民族关系enhance socialist ethnic relations of equality, solidarity and mutual assistance法定职能legal functions法律援助legal aid法制观念awareness of law反腐败领导体制leadership system against corruption防卫作战能力defense capabilities非传统安全威胁non-traditional threats to security丰富民主形式develop diverse forms of democracy干部人事制度cadre and personnel system干部双重管理体制system of dual control over cadres高知识群体prominent intellectuals公共事务public affairs公务员制度system of public servants公益事业programs for public good公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序a new international political and economic order that is fair and rational公正司法judicial justice共产党执政共同利益的汇合点converging points of common interests管理有序、文明祥和的新型社区new-type and well-managed communities featuring civility and harmony广纳群贤gather large numbers of talented people国防动员体制mobilization system for national defense国防科技工业体制改革restructuring of defense-related science, technology and industry国际关系民主化promote democracy in international relations国家要统一，民族要复兴China will be reunified, and the Chinese nation will be rejuvenated国家意志will of the state合理配置教育资源allocate education resources rationally弘扬科学精神promote the scientific spirit弘扬主旋律highlight the themes of the times互联网站Internet website基本行为准则basic code of conduct基层自治组织grassroots self-governing organizations基础性工作groundwork积极防御的军事战略方针military strategic principle of active defense加大治本的力度devote greater efforts to tackling root causes加强法制宣传教育give more publicity to the legal system加强立法工作strengthen legislation加强文化法制建设build up a legal system concerning culture加强制度建设concentrate on institutional improvement驾驭市场经济的能力abilities of keeping the market economy well in hand坚持打防结合、预防为主combine punishment and prevention, with emphasis on the latter坚持有法可依、有法必依、执法必严、违法必纠see to it that there are laws to go by, the laws are observed and strictly enforced, and law-breakers are prosecuted坚持正确导向give correct guidance to the public坚决维护中央权威safeguard the authority of the Central Committee教育创新innovation in education教育改革reform of education结构合理、配置科学、程序严密、制约有效的权力运行机制mechanism for the exercise of power featuring reasonable structure, scientific distribution, rigorous procedures and effective restraint进行和平统一谈判hold negotiations on peaceful reunification进行理论思维和战略思维think on a theoretical plane and in a strategic perspective精简、统一、效能的原则principle of simplification, uniformity and efficiency决策的论证制和责任制verification system and responsibility system in making policy decisions 决策机关decision-making organs军事法规体系system of military rules and regulations军政军民团结solidarity between the army and the government and between the army and the people开展对话conduct dialogue科技练兵science- and technology-related military training科技强军build a strong army through science and technology跨越式发展leapfrog development扩大公民有序的政治参与expand citizens’ participation in political affairs in an orderly way老少边穷地区old revolutionary base areas, areas inhabited by ethnic minorities, remote areas, and impoverished areas立党为公、执政为民the Party is built for the public and it exercises state power for the people 领导干部述职述廉制度system under which leading cadres report on their work and their efforts to perform their duties honestly面向现代化、面向世界、面向未来的，民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化national, scientific and popular socialist culture geared to the needs of modernization, of the world and of the future 民主管理制度democratic management system民主集中制是民主基础上的集中和集中指导下的民主相结合的制度democratic centralism is a system that integrates centralism on the basis of democracy with democracy under centralized guidance民主监督democratic supervision民族精神national spirit切身利益immediate interests勤俭建军build the army through diligence and thrift求真务实、开拓进取的精神truth-seeking and pioneering spirit趋利避害draw on the advantages and avoid disadvantages全民健身运动nationwide fitness campaign权责明确、相互配合、相互制约、高效运行的司法体制judicial system featuring clearly specified powers and responsibilities, mutual coordination and restraint and highly efficient operation群众性精神文明创建活动popular participation in building spiritual civilization人才合理流动rational flow of trained people人财物管理体制management system of human, financial and material resources人事分类管理制度system of classified management of cadres and personnel“三个代表”重要思想the important thought of Three Represents三军一体、军民兼容、平战结合的联勤保障体制integrated logistic support system for the three armed services, for both military and civilian purposes and for both peacetime and wartime社会公示制度a system of keeping the public informed社会力量办学nongovernmental sectors run schools社会听证制度a system of public hearings社会治安综合治理take comprehensive measures to maintain law and order社会中介组织intermediaries社会主义民主政治socialist democracy社情民意反映制度 a system of reporting social conditions and public opinion深入了解民情、充分反映民意、广泛集中民智、切实珍惜民力go deep among the people and get to know how they are faring, reflect their will, pool their wisdom and value their resources师德(teachers’) professional ethics实现公平和正义guarantee fairness and justice实现机构和编制的法定化delimit the structures and sizes statutorily实现社会主义民主政治的制度化、规范化和程序化ensure that socialist democracy is institutionalized and standardized and has its procedures实行民主监督exercise democratic supervision世界是丰富多彩的Ours is a colorful world事业单位管理体制management system of institutions树立互信、互利、平等和协作的新安全观foster a new security concept featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观foster correct world outlook, views on life and values司法机关judicial organs司法审判和检察同司法行政事务相分离separate judicial adjudication and procuratorial work from administrative affairs司法体制改革reform of the judicial system思想道德体系ideological and ethical system思想政治建设ideological and political development素质教育quality-oriented education提倡多样化encourage diversity提高党的领导水平和执政水平enhance the Party’s art of leadership and governance提高科学判断形势的能力improve one’s ability of sizing up the situation in a scientific way提高立法质量improve the quality of legislation提高全民法律素质people are better educated in law提高全民健康水平improve the physique of the entire people提高执法水平raise the level of law enforcement提高总揽全局的能力enhance one’s ability of commanding the whole situation团结就是力量solidarity means strength团结就是胜利solidarity means victory推进决策科学化民主化put decision-making on a more scientific and democratic basis完善城市居民自治improve self-governance among urban residents完善村民自治improve self-governance among villagers完善干部职务和职级相结合的制度improve the system of giving cadres both positions and ranks完善公开办事制度improve the system of keeping the public informed of matters being handled 维护法制的统一和尊严safeguard the uniformity and sanctity of the legal system维护国家统一、民族团结safeguard national unity and ethnic solidarity维护司法公正safeguard judicial justice围绕中心、服务大局focus on the central task and serve the overall interests伪科学pseudo-science文化产业cultural industry文化产业政策policies toward the cultural industry文化创新cultural innovation文化公益事业public cultural undertakings文化建设cultural development文化市场体系system of markets for cultural products文化事业cultural undertakings文化体制改革cultural restructuring文化与经济和政治相互交融culture is interactive with economic and political activities1．建设节约型社会to build a conservation-conscious society2．发展循环经济to develop a circular economy3．以资源的高效和循环利用，促进经济、社会的可持续发展to promote sustainable economic and social development through efficient use and reuse of resources4．坚持资源开发与节约并重，把节约放在首位的方针to uphold the policy of emphasizing the equal importance of both the exploitation and conservation of resources, giving added weight to the latter5．全面推进资源节约和综合利用to push ahead with a nationwide campaign of economizing on and making comprehensive use of resources6．加大对资源节约和循环利用关键技术的攻关力度to make greater efforts to develop critical technology for the purpose of conservation and recycle of resources7．完善有利于节约资源的财税政策to further improve the financial and taxation policies so as to encourage resource conservation 8．发展节能型交通运输工具to develop a new generation of energy-efficient means of transportation9．开发利用可再生能源to exploit and utilize renewable energy resources10．加快节能技术服务体系建设to speed up the establishment of technical service systems for more efficient use of energy resources1．再生资源的回收利用recyclable use of renewable resources2．第六届亚欧财长会议The Sixth Asia-Europe Finance Ministers’ Meeting3．亚欧新型全面伙伴关系a new type of comprehensive Asia-Europe partnership4．采取负责任的宏观经济政策to adopt a macro-economic policy in a responsible manner5．保持主要储备货币间的币值稳定to maintain stability among major reserve currencies6．深化财政和金融实质性合作to enhance substantive cooperation in the fiscal and financial sector7．经济运行中突出问题the glaring problems in the economic operation8．相知无远近，万里尚为邻Long distances cannot separate true friends sharing one heart; they can be like close neighbors even thousands of miles apart.9．建立应对经济和金融突发事件的紧急对话机制to establish a dialogue mechanism in response to economic and financial eventualities1．红色旅游red tourism2．红色旅游区red tourist destinations (sites/spots)related to the history of CPCtourist destinations (sites/spots) of revolutionary traditional interests3．红色旅游精品路线choice (recommended/highlight) tours of revolutionary heritage (tradition)4．从善如流to readily follow good adviceto do good naturally and happilyto follow good advice as naturally as a river follows its courseto take advice with a receptive mindto be open-minded to somethingto be open to advice and criticismto readily follow what is right5．仁至义尽to exercise (show) the utmost restraint/forbearance6．台湾问题不能出事things must be kept within bounds as far as the Taiwan question is concernedthe Taiwan question should not (be allowed to) get out of control7．拉美国下水to drag the US into troubled waters (the mire)to make the US hostage to the … issue8．自欺欺人deceive oneself as well as othersself-deception9．顺民意，合民情accord with the popular will and sentiments10．普遍认为法律条文比较平和，宽松(反分裂国家法)The wording of the law is generally considered to be fairly moderate and tolerate in tone 11．（客远包机）节日化to make charter flights available on festival basisto make charter flights available for traditional festivals1．全国人大高票通过《反分裂国家法》(实际上没有反对票)。

常见中国传统文化专用词汇英文翻译1、中国意念词(Chinesenesses)八圭卜trigram阴、卩日yin, yang道Dao(cf. logo)江湖(世界)the jianghu World (the traits' world)e.g. You can't control everything in a traits' world.(人在江湖，身不由己)道Daoism(Taoism)上火excessive internal heat儒学Confucianism红学(《红楼梦》研究)redology世外桃源Shangri-la or Arcadia开放kaifang (Chinese openness to the outside world) 大锅饭getting an equal share regardless of the work done 伤痕文学scar literature or the literature of the wounded 不搞一刀切no imposing uniformity on … 合乎国情，顺乎民意to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people 舌L摊派，舌L收费imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge铁交椅iron (lifetime) post's; guaranteed leading post脱贫to shake off poverty; anti-poverty治则兴，乱则衰Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline2、中华民族的喜庆节日(Chinese Festivial)国庆节National Day中秋节Mid-Autumn Day/Festival春节Spring Festival元宵节Lantern Festival儿童节Children's Day端午节Dragon Boat Festival妇女节Women's Day泼水节Water-Splashing Day教师节Teachers' Day五四青年节Youth Day3、中国独特的传统饮食(Unique Traditional ChineseFoods)馄饨wonton锅贴guotie (fried jiaozi)花卷steamed twisted rolls套餐set meal盒饭box lunch; Chinese take-away米豆腐rice tofu魔芋豆腐konjak tofu米粉rice noodles冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.) 火锅chafing dish八宝饭eight-treasure rice pudding粉丝glass noodles 豆腐脑jellied bean curd4、中国新兴事物(Newly Sprouted Things)中国电信China Telecom中国移动China Mobile十五计划the 10th Five-Year Plan中国电脑联网Chinanet三峡工程the Three Gorges Project希望工程Project Hope京九铁路Beijing CKowloon Railway扶贫工程Anti-Poverty Project菜篮子工程Vegetable Basket Project温饱工程Decent-Life Project安居工程Economy Housing Project扫黄Porn-Purging Campaign西部大开发Go-West Campaign5、特有的一些汉语词汇禅宗Zen Buddhism 禅dhyana; dhgaya 混沌chaos 道Daosim, the way and its power 四谛Four Noble Truth 八正道Eightfold Path 无常anity 五行说Theory of Five Elements 无我anatman坐禅metta or transcendental meditation 空sunyata 虚无nothingness双喜double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英) 小品witty skits 相声cross-talk噱头；掉包袱gimmick, stunt 夜猫子night people; night-owls 本命年this animal year of sb. 处世之道philosophy of life 姻缘yinyuan(prefixed fate of marriage) 还愿redeem a wish (vows)6、具有文化特色的现代表述大陆中国Mainland China红宝书little red book红色中国socialist China四化Four Modernizations终生职业job-for-life铁饭碗iron rice bowl大锅饭communal pot 关系户closely-related units 夕卜出打工人员migrant workers关系网personal nets, closely-knitted guild 五讲（讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德）：the FiveMerits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals四美（心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美）：the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment7、中国古代独特事物（Unique Ancient ChineseItems）宣纸rice paper衙门yamen叩头kowtow孑L子Confucius牌楼pailou ；pai-loo武术wushu(Chinese Martial Arts)功夫kungfu ；kung fu中庸the way of medium (cf. Golden Means)中和harmony (zhonghe)孝顺to show filial obedience孝子dutiful son家长family head三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife五常：仁、义、理、智、信five constant virtues:benevolence(humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity 八股文eight-legged essays多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one's old age8、近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译基层监督grass-roots supervision基础税率base tariff level婚介所matrimonial agency婚外恋extramarital love婚纱摄影bride photo黑心棉shoddy cotton机器阅卷machine scoring即开型奖券scratch-open ticket/lottery集中精力把经济建设搞上去go all out for economic development价格听证会public price hearings甲 A 球队Division A Soccer Team家政服务household management service加强舆论监督ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion假帐accounting fraud叫板challenge; pick a quarrel矫情use lame arguments渐进式台独gradual Taiwan independence借调temporarily transfer扩大中等收入者比重Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption。