REACTIVE BANDWIDTH ARBITRATION FOR PRIORITY AND MULTICASTING CONTROL IN ATM SWITCHING

Reactive Native（现在通常称为React Native）是一种用于构建原生移动应用的框架，它允许开发者使用JavaScript和React来编写跨平台的移动应用。

React Native的核心原理基于React，但它针对移动设备进行了优化，使得开发者能够使用相同的代码库来为iOS和Android平台开发应用。

React Native的原理主要可以分为以下几个方面：1. 组件化架构React Native使用组件（Component）作为构建应用的基本单位。

组件是具有特定功能的独立模块，可以接受输入（props）并渲染输出（UI）。

这种组件化架构使得代码更加模块化，易于维护和复用。

2. UI渲染React Native通过JavaScript代码来直接操作原生UI组件。

它提供了丰富的UI组件库，如`View`、`Text`、`Image`等，这些都是对应原生平台（iOS和Android）的UI组件的封装。

开发者通过组合这些组件来构建应用的UI界面。

3. 原生集成React Native通过桥接（Bridge）技术实现了JavaScript与原生代码的通信。

React Native提供了一个JavaScript运行时环境，以及一个原生代码的接口（RCT bridge），这样JavaScript代码就可以调用原生API，实现如相机、地图、推送通知等功能。

4. 响应式渲染React Native的核心理念之一是“声明式UI”，即开发者描述应用的状态，而React Native框架会负责计算出最新的UI。

这种机制使得UI的更新更加高效，只有在数据变化时才会重新渲染相关组件。

5. 跨平台能力React Native允许开发者使用相同的代码库来构建iOS和Android应用。

它通过平台特定的适配层（如iOS的UIKit和Android的View系统）来确保React Native代码能够正确地映射到原生平台上。

reactive定义-回复Reactive programming is an innovative approach to software development that is gaining increasing popularity in recent years. In this article, we will delve into the concept of reactive programming, its main principles, and its advantages and applications in various industries.So, what exactly is reactive programming? In simple terms, it is a programming paradigm that focuses on the flow of data and events in a system, allowing for responsive and efficient applications. Reactive programming is based on the concept of reactive systems, which are capable of reacting and adapting promptly to changes in their environment.One fundamental principle of reactive programming is responsiveness. Reactive systems are designed to respond to events and changes in the environment in a timely manner. This means that they can quickly react to user input, network conditions, or system failures, ensuring that the application remains functional and responsive.To achieve this responsiveness, reactive programming relies onasynchronous and non-blocking processing. Traditional programming models often involve blocking operations, which means that the program execution is suspended until the completion of a certain task. In reactive programming, on the other hand, tasks are executed non-blocking, allowing the application to continue processing other tasks while waiting for a response.Reactive systems also emphasize a message-driven architecture. The communication between different components or services is based on the exchange of messages, allowing for loose coupling and enhanced scalability. By decoupling components through messages, reactive systems can handle fluctuations in load efficiently, ensuring that the system remains stable and responsive even under high demand.Another core principle of reactive programming is resilience. Reactive systems are designed to be fault-tolerant and resilient to failures. They achieve this through techniques such as error handling, fault recovery, and isolation. When a failure occurs, a reactive system is capable of handling the error gracefully, recovering from the failure, and continuing its operation without compromising the overall system stability.Now that we understand the main principles of reactive programming, it is important to explore its advantages and applications. Reactive programming has several benefits that make it attractive to developers and organizations. Firstly, it allows for the development of highly responsive and interactive applications, which enhances the user experience. Whether it is a web application, a mobile app, or a real-time analytics system, reactive programming enables developers to build applications that are fast and can react to user input in real-time.Furthermore, reactive programming facilitates scalability. With the increase in big data and distributed systems, scalability is becoming essential. Reactive systems, by nature, can handle large amounts of data and high loads while remaining stable and responsive. This scalability is achieved through the use of message-driven communication and asynchronous processing, which allow for efficient distribution and processing of data across different components or services.Reactive programming also promotes modularity and reusability. By following the principles of loose coupling and message-basedcommunication, reactive systems can be easily composed and integrated with other components or services. This modularity not only simplifies the development process but also encourages code reusability and maintainability.In terms of applications, reactive programming has found its place in various industries. It is particularly useful in domains that require real-time data processing and event-driven systems. For example, in finance, reactive programming is used to build high-frequency trading systems that can make split-second decisions based on market events. In the IoT (Internet of Things) domain, reactive programming enables the development of smart and responsive systems that can handle a vast amount of sensor data and react accordingly.In conclusion, reactive programming is a powerful paradigm that offers numerous benefits in terms of responsiveness, scalability, modularity, and resilience. By focusing on data flow andevent-driven architecture, reactive programming enables the development of highly interactive and efficient applications. Its applications span various industries, from finance to IoT, and itcontinues to gain popularity among developers and organizations looking to build responsive and adaptive systems. With its principles and advantages, reactive programming is undoubtedly shaping the future of software development.。

Excerpt from ROC report with CGIT Data AddedA summary of the major attributes of the HPFF and XLPF cable system types is provided inTable 1. The remaining sections of this document describe these items in more detail.Table 1 – Summary Comparison, HPFF vs XLPE Cable System15.5-mile Singer-Norwalk Line Used for Comparison*Item HPFF XLPE CGIT SYSTEM CONSIDERATIONSCapacitance, microfarads/mile/phase 0.461 uf/mi/ph 0.269uf/mi/ph0.0854uf/mi/ph Charging current, amperes/mile 34.6 A/mi 20.8 A/mi 6.41A/mReactive power, MVAR/mile 20.7 MVAR/mi 12.4 MVAR/mi 3.83MVAR/miMVA transfer, each line, typical conditions 633 MVA 825 MVA 2030MVAMW transfer 15.5 mile line, all charging current flow from one end 546 MW 802 MW12-hr emergency rating, MVA each line, assuming preload current 70% of rating 1000 MVA 1140 MVA 2700MVA12-hr emergency rating, MVA each line, assuming preload 70% of 633 MVA 1000 MVA 1190 MVAINSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONSTrench dimensions, width by Depth, inches (assuming 36 inches to top of envelope) 48”W x 64”D 46”W x 63”D 62"Wx32"D Typical progression rate for pipe or duct, trench feet per day 200 200 >200Ease of maneuvering around buried obstacles Difficult Difficult DifficultTypical vault spacings 2600 ft 1800 ftNumber of vaults for a 15.5-mi line (XLPE can be reduced if 2 lines are in one32 96vault)Typical time to make a 3-phase splice, working around the clock 7 days 7 days 1HrSplicing Continuous May be 1510-hour shiftsNumber of manufacturers worldwide, meeting the Companies’ prequalification34-6 requirementsSubstation Terminations same same Simple Bushing Pressurization plants required at termination Yes No NoOPERATION AND MAINTENANCETypical maintenance requirements, mandays/year (Rough estimate) 40 10 1Time to locate an electrical fault16-32 hours 16-32 hours 16-32Expected cable damage in event of electrical fault Large Small SmallAble to work on a failed circuit with companion in service? Yes Possibly yesN/A 1Hr or lessTime to locate a fluid leak 2 hrs – 2 +weeksOPERATING EXPERIENCENumber of years operating history, 300 kV and higher 40 yrs 7 yrs 30 yrs Approximate total number of circuit miles in service, 300 kV and higher400 mi est 100 mi est ~40 miExpected forced outage rate, two 15.5-mile lines, outages in 40 years. 6 20 71 yearsMTTF/1km Expected outage duration, repair failed cable 30 days 21 days 5-6 daysENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONSMagnetic field for 15GW case MVA/line, 1m height, max level 3.3 mG 28 MG ~5 micro T Magnetic field for 15 GW case, 1 m height, 25-ft from trench centerline 0.23 mG 7 mG ~0.7 microT Dielectric fluid, 15.5-mile line, two cable pipes and two return pipes 440,000 gal N/A SF6*The parameters listed in this table are for the same cable sizes as proposed in the M-N application, i.e., 2,500 kcmilcopper HPFF cable and 3,000 kcmil copper XLPE cable.- 3 -CGIT Westboro, Inc.30 Oak StreetWestborough, MA 01581 USA(508) 836-4000TempCalc Version 1.0.6Project: Trench GIL to match 2 cables at 825 MVA Each Voltage Class: 362k V 2800 ampsCalculation Performed: Saturday, February, 12, 2005 02:56 PMSF6 percentage = 100.00% at filling pressure of 480 kPaIn Air or Buried or Tunnel (i)Grounding Style ............................ Cross BondedCurrent .................................... 2800 Amps (AC) Frequency .................................. 60 HzPhase Spacing .............................. 22.00 inchesConductor OD ............................... 5.000 inches Conductor ID ............................... 4.000 inches Conductor Wall ............................. .500 inches Enclosure OD ............................... 14.642 inches Enclosure ID ............................... 14.250 inches Enclosure Wall ............................. .196 inches Conductor Weight ........................... 8.23 lb/ft Enclosure Weight ........................... 10.35 lb/ft Total Weight ............................... 18.58 lb/ft Surge Impedance ............................ 62.8 Ohms Inductance ................................. .0638 mH/ft Capacitance ................................ 16.168 pF/ft Conductor Characteristics:R(DC) at 20°C ............................ 1.94 µOhm/ph-ft @ 20° C R(AC) .................................... 2.58 µOhm/ph-ft Losses ................................... 20.2 Watts/ph-ft Conductor Emissivity ..................... 0.29Conductor Conductivity ................... 59.5% IACSEnclosure Characteristics:R(DC) at 20°C ............................ 2.62 µOhm/ph-ft @ 20° C R(AC) .................................... 2.87 µOhm/ph-ft Losses ................................... 22.5 Watts/ph-ft Enclosure Emissivity (Inside) ............ 0.29Enclosure Emissivity (Exterior) .......... 0.50Enclosure Conductivity ................... 35.0% IACSTotal R(DC) at 20°C ........................ 4.55 µOhm/ph-ft @ 20° C Total R(AC) ................................ 5.45 µOhm/ph-ft Total Losses ............................... 42.8 Watts/ph-ft Actual Temperatures:Conductor ................................ 78.6 °C Enclosure ................................ 61.6 °C Ambient .................................. 40.0 °CCGIT Westboro, Inc.30 Oak StreetWestborough, MA 01581 USA(508) 836-4000TempCalc Version 1.0.6Project: Trench bus 3400 amps`Voltage Class: 362 kVCalculation Performed: Saturday, February, 12, 2005 02:54 PM SF6 percentage = 100.00% at filling pressure of 480 kPa In Air or Buried or Tunnel (i)Grounding Style ............................ Cross BondedCurrent .................................... 3400 Amps (AC) Frequency .................................. 60 HzPhase Spacing .............................. 22.00 inches Conductor OD ............................... 5.000 inches Conductor ID ............................... 4.000 inches Conductor Wall ............................. .500 inches Enclosure OD ............................... 14.642 inches Enclosure ID ............................... 14.250 inches Enclosure Wall ............................. .196 inches Conductor Weight ........................... 8.23 lb/ft Enclosure Weight ........................... 10.35 lb/ft Total Weight ............................... 18.58 lb/ft Surge Impedance ............................ 62.8 Ohms Inductance ................................. .0638 mH/ft Capacitance ................................ 16.168 pF/ft Conductor Characteristics:R(DC) at 20°C ............................ 1.94 µOhm/ph-ft @ 20° C R(AC) .................................... 2.69 µOhm/ph-ft Losses ................................... 31.1 Watts/ph-ft Conductor Emissivity ..................... 0.29Conductor Conductivity ................... 59.5% IACSEnclosure Characteristics:R(DC) at 20°C ............................ 2.62 µOhm/ph-ft @ 20° C R(AC) .................................... 2.93 µOhm/ph-ft Losses ................................... 33.8 Watts/ph-ft Enclosure Emissivity (Inside) ............ 0.29Enclosure Emissivity (Exterior) .......... 0.50Enclosure Conductivity ................... 35.0% IACSTotal R(DC) at 20°C ........................ 4.55 µOhm/ph-ft @ 20° C Total R(AC) ................................ 5.62 µOhm/ph-ft Total Losses ............................... 65.0 Watts/ph-ft Actual Temperatures:Conductor ................................ 94.5 °C Enclosure ................................ 70.7 °C Ambient .................................. 40.0 °CCGIT Westboro, Inc.30 Oak StreetWestborough, MA 01581 USA(508) 836-4000TempCalc Version 1.0.6Project: 4000 amp 24 hour overloadVoltage Class: 362 kVCalculation Performed: Saturday, February, 12, 2005 02:53 PM SF6 percentage = 100.00% at filling pressure of 480 kPa In Air or Buried or Tunnel (i)Grounding Style ............................ Cross BondedCurrent .................................... 4000 Amps (AC) Frequency .................................. 60 HzPhase Spacing .............................. 22.00 inches Conductor OD ............................... 5.000 inches Conductor ID ............................... 4.000 inches Conductor Wall ............................. .500 inches Enclosure OD ............................... 14.642 inches Enclosure ID ............................... 14.250 inches Enclosure Wall ............................. .196 inches Conductor Weight ........................... 8.23 lb/ft Enclosure Weight ........................... 10.35 lb/ft Total Weight ............................... 18.58 lb/ft Surge Impedance ............................ 62.8 Ohms Inductance ................................. .0638 mH/ft Capacitance ................................ 16.168 pF/ft Conductor Characteristics:R(DC) at 20°C ............................ 1.94 µOhm/ph-ft @ 20° C R(AC) .................................... 2.83 µOhm/ph-ft Losses ................................... 45.2 Watts/ph-ft Conductor Emissivity ..................... 0.29Conductor Conductivity ................... 59.5% IACSEnclosure Characteristics:R(DC) at 20°C ............................ 2.62 µOhm/ph-ft @ 20° C R(AC) .................................... 2.99 µOhm/ph-ft Losses ................................... 47.9 Watts/ph-ft Enclosure Emissivity (Inside) ............ 0.29Enclosure Emissivity (Exterior) .......... 0.50Enclosure Conductivity ................... 35.0% IACSTotal R(DC) at 20°C ........................ 4.55 µOhm/ph-ft @ 20° C Total R(AC) ................................ 5.82 µOhm/ph-ft Total Losses ............................... 93.1 Watts/ph-ft Actual Temperatures:Conductor ................................ 112.9 °C Enclosure ................................ 81.3 °C Ambient .................................. 40.0 °C。

非定常粒子输运蒙特卡罗散射源分层抽样方法(英文)
邓力;张文勇;黄正丰;王瑞宏;许海燕;李树
【期刊名称】《计算物理》
【年(卷),期】2005(22)6
【摘要】定常粒子输运蒙特卡罗并行计算是成功的,因为粒子游动是独立的,可以把模拟的粒子数等分到每个处理器去.然而,对非定常问题,由于每个时间步涉及散射源和几何网格的通讯,它严重的制约了并行规模,导致并行不可扩展.研究了两种算法,采用自适应分配处理器,提高了加速比和处理器的利用率;采用蒙特卡罗分层抽样大大降低了处理器之间散射源的通讯量,并行可扩展性显著改善,取得了理想的加速比.【总页数】7页(P527-533)
【关键词】非定常;蒙特卡罗输运;自适应处理器分配;散射源分层抽样
【作者】邓力;张文勇;黄正丰;王瑞宏;许海燕;李树
【作者单位】北京应用物理与计算数学研究所计算物理实验室;国防科技大学计算机学院
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】O571.51
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