托福入学测试笔试试卷通用卷(含答案)
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托福入学测试笔试试卷通用卷Choose the most suitable answer to complete the following sentences.1. He is always here; it’s _ ___ you've never met him.A. uniqueB. strangeC. rareD. peculiarC2. We shall probably never be able to ___ the exact nature of these sub-atomic particles.A. assertB. impartC. ascertainD. notifyC3. Professor Hawking is __ __ as one of the world's greatest living physicists.A. dignifiedB. clarifiedC. acknowledgedD. illustrated4. I must congratulate you _ __ the excellent design of the new bridge.A. withB. atC. onD. of5. She was so _ __ in her job that she didn’t hear anybody knocking at the door.A. attractedB. absorbedC. drawnD. concentrated6. All the people in the stadium cheered up when they saw hundreds of colorful balloons ___ _ slowly into the sky.A. ascendingB. elevatingC. escalatingD. lingering7. He soon received promotion, for his superiors realized that he was a man ofconsiderable _ ___.A. futureB. possibilityC. abilityD. opportunity8. I hope that you’ll be more careful in typing the letter. Don’t __ __ anything.A. lackB. withdrawC. omitD. leak9. Military orders are __ __ and cannot be disobeyed.A. defectiveB. conservativeC. alternativeD. imperative10. Cancer is second only _ ___ heart disease as a cause of death.A. ofB. toC. withD. from11. You cannot be __ _ careful when you drive a car.A. veryB. soC. tooD. enough12. __ __ the storm, the ship would have reached its destination on time.A. In spite ofB. In case ofC. But forD. Because13. He is the only person who can __ __ in this case, because the otherwitnesses were killed mysteriously.A. testifyB. chargeC. accuseD. rectify14. I didn’t know the word. I had to __ __ a dictionary.A. make outB. look outC. go overD. refer to15. We can accept your order __ __ payment is made in advance.A. in the belief thatB. in order thatC. on the excuse thatD. on condition that16. We'd like to __ __ a table for five for dinner this evening.A. preserveB. reserveC. retainD. sustain17. What you say now is not ___ _ with what you said last week.A. consistentB. persistentC. permanentD. insistent18. The medicine __ __ his pain but did not cure his illness.A. activatedB. alleviatedC. mediatedD. deteriorated19. He is too young to be able to __ __ between right and wrong.A. discardB. discernC. disperseD. disregard20. Using extremely different decorating schemes in adjoining rooms mayresult in __ __ and lack of unity in style.A. conflictB. confrontationC. disturbanceD. disharmony21. The Eskimo is perhaps one of the most considerate of all Indians but seemsto be _ ___ the welfare of his animals.A. critical aboutB. indignant atC. indifferent toD. subject to22. It has been revealed that some government leaders ___ their authority andposition to get illegal profits for themselves.A. employB. takeC. abuseD. overlook23. His argument does not suggest that mankind can __ __ to be wasteful in theutilization of these resources.A. resortB. grantC. affordD. entitle24. Some diseases are __ __ by certain water animals.A. transplantedB. transformedC. transportedD. transmitted25. Because of its intimacy, radio is usually more than just a medium; it is__ __.A. firmB. companyC. corporationD. enterpriseIt’s a big country!When it comes to body weight, Americans stand out. Most visitors to the United States, no matter where they go across this vast country, comment on the size of many Americans. In fact, these impressions are backed by numerous statistics. For example, the average 5‘4" American w eighs 162 pounds, or 15 pounds more than the average person of the same height from Western or Central Europe. Another comparison: At 150 pounds, the average 5’4”American woman is 24 pounds heavier than her Japanese counterpart.Why are Americans so heavy？Some blame the American diet. Certainly it’s true that Americans eat more high-fat foods – meat, dairy products, and processed food – and fewer grains and vegetables than people in other countries. But fat isn’t the whole story. Lifestyle factors – including the tendency for Americans to drive rather than walk or ride a bicycle to work, to snack throughout the day, and to have so many labor-saving devices in the home –appear to contribute to the problem.(165 words)26. According to the article, the average Western European weighs ____ ___.A. more than an AmericanB. more than a Central EuropeanC. less than an AmericanD. less than a Japanese person27. In comparison with Americans, people in other countries eat more _ ____.A. meatB. dairy productsC. processed foodD. grainsHeadachesEveryone has experienced headaches, but only recently have medical researchers begun to learn more specifically about the causes and possible treatments for different types of headache pain.The most common type of headache is the simple tension headache. Tension headaches are usually mild and short-lasting and can result from various factors, such as stress caused by worry or noise. Tension headaches are caused by a tightening of the neck or back muscles, which slows the flow of blood and, therefore, oxygen to the brain. It is the lack of oxygen that causes the pain. Most headaches can be relieved by taking a mild analgesic such as aspirin. Analgesics expand the blood vessels and restore the normal flow of blood and oxygen to the brain.A more serious type of headache is the migraine. Migraine headaches are often extremely painful and can last for hours or days. Like tension headaches, they can be the result of different factors, including stress, hormonal changes, andallergies. Unlike tension headaches, however, they are caused by an abnormal expansion or swelling (rather than a contraction) of the blood vessels within the head. Medicines that shrink swollen blood vessels can be used to treat migraine headaches.A tiny minority of headaches can be linked to severe physical problems such as head injury or brain tumors. For these types of headaches, there are medicines to treat the symptoms, but there is no cure unless the underlying problem is removed.(244 words)28. This article discusses the ___ ____.A. tiny minority of people who have headachesB. history of medical research into headachesC. causes and remedies for headachesD. physical problems caused by headaches29. A tension headache can result when ____ ___.A. the neck and back muscles relaxB. people get injured in an accidentC. the flow of blood is restrictedD. too much oxygen goes to the brain30. Medicines for migraines ____ ___.A. relax the head and neckB. generally relieve tensionC. increase the flow of bloodD. cause blood vessels to contract31. Headaches caused by serious physical problems __ _____.A. can’t be treatedB. don’t cause much painC. have no symptomsD. are not very commonPainful PoultryA It’s common practice in the poultry industry to amputate the beaks ofchickens to prevent them pecking each other. Techniques of ‘debeaking’vary, but in the UK it is performed on chicks when they are a few days old, and usually involves amputating one third of the upper part of the beakwith a heated blade. The poultry industry has always assumed thatchickens quickly recover, but evidence presented at the InternationalOrnithological Congress in New Zealand suggests otherwise. Dr. Michael Gentle, of the Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics Research inEdinburgh, has shown that chickens can feel chronic pain weeks, andsometimes even months, after the operation.B Chickens have pain receptors in their beak, and so slicing their beaks offwith a hot knife must hurt them. What Dr. Gentle has found is that the pain may be delayed, as is the case with human burn victims. ‘The chickens are not in pain initially, but 24 hours later they show clear pain-relatedbehaviour.’ After the beak is amputated, the remaining stump may taketwo to four weeks to heal. But even then, pain may continue: the damaged nerves still grow, and may be ‘abnormally and spontaneously active’(believed to the cause of stump pain in human amputees). Even twomonths later, the stump is unusually sensitive to touch and temperaturechanges.C Many aspects of a chicken’s behaviour also suggest that it experiences thelong-term pain, and perhaps even the depression, typically felt by human amputees. In the first few weeks after debeaking, a chicken spends more time resting than usual. And even six weeks later, when the stump hashealed over, a chicken avoids using its beak.D The habit of pecking each other doesn’t necessarily start off as aggressivebehaviour – it may simply escalate once one bird is injured, and sometimes be a substitute for pecking at litter – but it can quickly leads to the death of weaker birds.E Is debeaking really the solution, though? A very preliminary survey inScotland, of two commercial laying breeds, found debeaking had noeffect on the extent of feather and comb damage, or on body weights of thenumber of birds that died. A much more effective approach would be toremove the conditions – such as overcrowding and bright light, forexample, that are known to contribute to feather-pecking and cannibalism.Where chickens really have to be kept in such conditions, a more sensible solution than debeaking, says Dr. Gentle, would be to breed strains ofchickens that don’t peck each other.(Angela Turner) Questions 32-36The reading passage is divided into five paragraphs A - E. From the list of headings (i-ix) below, choose the most suitable heading of each paragraph, and write the letter in the space provided.NB There are more headings than paragraphs so you will not use all of them32 Paragraph A Ⅲ343536passage.37What has been the industry’s belief in relation to chicks in the debeakingprocess?Chickens quickly recover.38Dr. Gentle twice compares the chickens with humans. Write the two categories of humans.Human burn victimsHuman amputeesQuestions 39-4039According to the passage, one reason for the behaviour of pecking other chickens is ___A. the need to peck at the ground in a natural habitat.B. the need to assert dominance over weaker chickens.C. the natural tendency for aggressive behaviour in chickens.D. the frustration experienced by caged birds.40The author believes that ___A. debeaking is necessary.B. debeaking is sensible in certain conditions.C. debeaking is not the right way to deal with the problem.D. there is a link between debeaking and the number of chicken deaths.。
